Noxious Weeds; Old World Climbing Fern and Maidenhair Creeper, 23151-23152 [2010-10282]

Download as PDF 23151 Rules and Regulations Federal Register Vol. 75, No. 84 Monday, May 3, 2010 This section of the FEDERAL REGISTER contains regulatory documents having general applicability and legal effect, most of which are keyed to and codified in the Code of Federal Regulations, which is published under 50 titles pursuant to 44 U.S.C. 1510. The Code of Federal Regulations is sold by the Superintendent of Documents. Prices of new books are listed in the first FEDERAL REGISTER issue of each week. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service 7 CFR Parts 360 and 361 [Docket No. APHIS-2008-0097] Noxious Weeds; Old World Climbing Fern and Maidenhair Creeper erowe on DSK5CLS3C1PROD with RULES AGENCY: Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, USDA. ACTION: Affirmation of interim rule as final rule. SUMMARY: We are adopting as a final rule, without change, an interim rule that amended the noxious weed regulations by adding Old World climbing fern (Lygodium microphyllum (Cavanilles) R. Brown) and maidenhair creeper (Lygodium flexuosum (Linnaeus) Swartz) to the list of terrestrial noxious weeds. This action is necessary to prevent the artificial spread of these noxious weeds within and into the United States. DATES: Effective on May 3, 2010, we are adopting as a final rule the interim rule published at 74 FR 53397-53400 on October 19, 2009. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Dr. Alan V. Tasker, Noxious Weeds Program Coordinator, Emergency and Domestic Programs, PPQ, APHIS, 4700 River Road Unit 26, Riverdale, MD 20737-1236, (301) 734-5225; or Ms. Dorothy Wayson, Regulatory Coordination Specialist, Regulatory Coordination and Compliance, Permits, Registrations, Imports, and Manuals, PPQ, APHIS, 4700 River Road Unit 52, Riverdale, MD 20737-1236, (301) 734-0772. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Background Under the authority of the Plant Protection Act (PPA, 7 U.S.C. 7701 et seq.), the Animal and Plant Health VerDate Mar<15>2010 15:25 Apr 30, 2010 Jkt 220001 Inspection Service (APHIS) administers the noxious weeds regulations in 7 CFR part 360, which prohibit or restrict the importation and interstate movement of those plants that are designated as noxious weeds in § 360.200. The PPA defines ‘‘noxious weed’’ as ‘‘any plant or plant product that can directly or indirectly injure or cause damage to crops (including nursery stock or plant products), livestock, poultry, or other interests of agriculture, irrigation, navigation, and the natural resources of the United States, the public health, or the environment.’’ Under the authority of the Federal Seed Act of 1939, as amended (7 U.S.C. 1551 et seq.), the U.S. Department of Agriculture regulates the importation and interstate movement of certain agricultural and vegetable seeds and screenings. Title III of that Act, ‘‘Foreign Commerce,’’ requires shipments of imported agricultural and vegetable seeds to be labeled correctly and to be tested for the presence of the seeds of certain noxious weeds as a condition of entry into the United States. APHIS’ regulations implementing the provisions of title III of the Federal Seed Act are found in 7 CFR part 361. A list of noxious weed seeds is contained in § 361.6. Paragraph (a)(1) of § 361.6 lists species of noxious weed seeds with no tolerances applicable to their introduction into the United States. In an interim rule1 effective and published in the Federal Register on October 19, 2009 (74 CFR 53397-53400, Docket No. APHIS-2008-0097), we amended the regulations by adding Old World climbing fern (Lygodium microphyllum (Cavanilles) R. Brown) and maidenhair creeper (Lygodium flexuosum (Linnaeus) Swartz) to the list of terrestrial noxious weeds in § 360.200(c) and to the list of noxious weed seeds with no tolerances applicable to their introduction in § 361.6(a)(1). In that interim rule, we also made the weed risk assessment (WRA) and the Federal decision document available for public review and comment. We solicited comments concerning the interim rule, WRA, and the Federal decision document for 60 days ending 1 To view the interim rule, the supporting documents, and the comments we received, go to (https://www.regulations.gov/fdmspublic/ component/main?main=DocketDetail&d=APHIS2008-0097). PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 4700 Sfmt 4700 December 18, 2009. We received three comments, two from private citizens and one from a State Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, by that date. All of the commenters supported the addition of both Old World Climbing Fern (L. microphyllum) and Maidenhair Creeper (L. flexuosum) to the list of Federal Noxious weeds. One of the commenters asked that we consider adding other species within the Schizaeaceae family to the list of Federal noxious weeds. Specifically, the commenter was concerned that other species in the Schizaeaceae family are weedy and/or invasive, because L. microphyllum and L. flexuosum have been reported to interbreed with closely related species. A link to a reference on the Internet was provided by the commenter to try to illustrate that behavior. In our assessment of L. microphyllum, L. flexuosum, and L. japonicum we did not encounter any evidence that these species are capable of hybridizing with any other species. The study that the commenter referred to examines the reproductive biology of L. microphyllum and L. japonicum and provides evidence that L. microphyllum is capable of intergametophytic crossing. Intergametophytic crossing refers to two different gametophytes of the same species crossing with each other; it does not refer to crossing of two different species, which concerned the commenter. Two other species of Lygodium were once reported to hybridize, but there is no immediate indication that these or any other members of the Lygodiaceae or Schizaeaceae families are weeds. APHIS will continue to explore the literature to determine whether any additional Lygodiaceae or Schizaeaceae warrant regulation. Therefore, for the reasons given in the interim rule and in this document, we are adopting the interim rule as a final. This action also affirms the information contained in the interim rule concerning Executive Order 12866 and the Regulatory Flexibility Act, Executive Orders 12372 and 12988, and the Paperwork Reduction Act. Further, for this action, the Office of Management and Budget has waived its review under Executive Order 12866. E:\FR\FM\03MYR1.SGM 03MYR1 23152 Federal Register / Vol. 75, No. 84 / Monday, May 3, 2010 / Rules and Regulations determined by FHFA’s regulations. FHFA’s experience with the Bank System and with the OF’s combined financial reports during the recent period of market stress suggests that the OF and the Bank System could benefit from a reconstituted board and strengthened audit committee. This regulation is intended to achieve that end. List of Subjects 7 CFR Part 360 Imports, Plants (Agriculture), Quarantine, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Transportation, Weeds. 7 CFR Part 361 Agricultural commodities, Imports, Labeling, Quarantine, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Seeds, Vegetables, Weeds. DATES: PART 360—NOXIOUS WEED REGULATIONS PART 361—IMPORTATION OF SEED AND SCREENINGS UNDER THE FEDERAL SEED ACT Accordingly, we are adopting as a final rule, without change, the interim rule that amended 7 CFR parts 360 and 361 and that was published at 74 FR 53397-53400 on October 19, 2009. Done in Washington, DC, this 27th day of April 2010. ■ Kevin Shea Acting Administrator, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. BILLING CODE 3410–34–S FEDERAL HOUSING FINANCE BOARD 12 CFR Parts 985 and 989 FEDERAL HOUSING FINANCE AGENCY 12 CFR Parts 1273 and 1274 RIN 2590–AA30 Board of Directors of Federal Home Loan Bank System Office of Finance erowe on DSK5CLS3C1PROD with RULES AGENCY: Federal Housing Finance Agency. ACTION: Final Rule. SUMMARY: Governed by the Federal Housing Finance Agency’s (FHFA) regulations, the Federal Home Loan Bank System’s (Bank System) Office of Finance issues debt (‘‘consolidated obligations’’) as agent for the Federal Home Loan Banks (Banks) on which the Banks are jointly and severally liable and publishes combined financial reports on the Banks so that members of the Bank System, investors in the consolidated obligations, and other interested parties can assess the strength of the Bank System that stands behind them. The Office of Finance (OF) is governed by a board of directors, the composition and functions of which are 15:25 Apr 30, 2010 Jkt 220001 FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Joseph A. McKenzie, 202–408–2845, Division of Federal Home Loan Bank Regulation, Federal Housing Finance Agency, 1625 Eye Street, NW., Washington, DC 20006; Neil Crowley, Deputy General Counsel, 202–343–1316; or Thomas E. Joseph, Senior AttorneyAdvisor, 202–414–3095, Office of General Counsel, Federal Housing Finance Agency, Fourth Floor, 1700 G Street, NW., Washington, DC 20552. The telephone number for the Telecommunications Device for the Deaf is 800–877–8339. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: I. Background [FR Doc. 2010–10282 Filed 4–30–10; 8:45 am] VerDate Mar<15>2010 This rule is effective June 2, 2010. A. Creation of the Federal Housing Finance Agency and Recent Legislation Effective July 30, 2008, the Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008 (HERA), Public Law 110–289, 122 Stat. 2654, transferred the supervisory and oversight responsibilities of the Office of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight (OFHEO) over the Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae) and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac) (collectively, the Enterprises), the oversight responsibilities of the Federal Housing Finance Board (FHFB or Finance Board) over the Banks and the Office of Finance (OF) (which acts as the Banks’ fiscal agent), and certain functions of the Department of Housing and Urban Development to FHFA, a new independent executive branch agency. See id. at section 1101, 122 Stat. 2661– 62. FHFA is responsible for ensuring that the Enterprises and the Banks operate in a safe and sound manner, including that they maintain adequate capital and internal controls, that their activities foster liquid, efficient, competitive, and resilient national housing finance markets, and that they carry out their public policy missions through authorized activities. See id. at section 1102, 122 Stat. 2663–64. The Enterprises, the Banks, and the OF continue to operate under regulations promulgated by OFHEO and the FHFB until FHFA issues its own regulations. PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 4700 Sfmt 4700 See id. at sections 1302, 1313, 122 Stat. 2795, 2798. B. The Bank System Generally The twelve Banks are instrumentalities of the United States organized under the Federal Home Loan Bank Act (Bank Act).1 See 12 U.S.C. 1423, 1432(a). The Banks are cooperatives; only members of a Bank may purchase the capital stock of a Bank, and only members or certain eligible housing associates (such as state housing finance agencies) may obtain access to secured loans, known as advances, or other products provided by a Bank. See 12 U.S.C. 1426(a)(4), 1430(a), 1430b. Each Bank is managed by its own board of directors and serves the public interest by enhancing the availability of residential mortgage and community lending credit through its member institutions. See 12 U.S.C. 1427. Any eligible institution (generally a federally insured depository institution or state-regulated insurance company) may become a member of a Bank if it satisfies certain criteria and purchases a specified amount of the Bank’s capital stock. See 12 U.S.C. 1424; 12 CFR part 1263. As government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs), the Banks are granted certain privileges under federal law. In light of those privileges and their status as GSEs, the Banks typically can borrow funds at spreads over the rates on U.S. Treasury securities of comparable maturity lower than most other entities. The Banks pass along a portion of their GSE funding advantage to their members—and ultimately to consumers—by providing advances and other financial services at rates that would not otherwise be available to their members. Consolidated obligations (COs), consisting of bonds and discount notes, are the principal funding source for the Banks. The OF issues all COs on behalf of the twelve Banks. Although each Bank is primarily liable for the portion of consolidated obligations corresponding to the proceeds received by that Bank, each Bank is also jointly and severally liable with the other eleven Banks for the payment of principal and interest on all COs. See 12 CFR 966.9. C. The OF The OF was one of a number of joint Bank offices established by regulation by the former Federal Home Loan Bank Board (FHLBB), a predecessor agency to 1 Each Bank is generally referred to by the name of the city in which it is located. The twelve Banks are located in: Boston, New York, Pittsburgh, Atlanta, Cincinnati, Indianapolis, Chicago, Des Moines, Dallas, Topeka, San Francisco, and Seattle. E:\FR\FM\03MYR1.SGM 03MYR1

Agencies

[Federal Register Volume 75, Number 84 (Monday, May 3, 2010)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 23151-23152]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2010-10282]



========================================================================
Rules and Regulations
                                                Federal Register
________________________________________________________________________

This section of the FEDERAL REGISTER contains regulatory documents 
having general applicability and legal effect, most of which are keyed 
to and codified in the Code of Federal Regulations, which is published 
under 50 titles pursuant to 44 U.S.C. 1510.

The Code of Federal Regulations is sold by the Superintendent of Documents. 
Prices of new books are listed in the first FEDERAL REGISTER issue of each 
week.

========================================================================


Federal Register / Vol. 75, No. 84 / Monday, May 3, 2010 / Rules and 
Regulations

[[Page 23151]]



DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service

7 CFR Parts 360 and 361

[Docket No. APHIS-2008-0097]


Noxious Weeds; Old World Climbing Fern and Maidenhair Creeper

AGENCY: Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, USDA.

ACTION: Affirmation of interim rule as final rule.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

SUMMARY: We are adopting as a final rule, without change, an interim 
rule that amended the noxious weed regulations by adding Old World 
climbing fern (Lygodium microphyllum (Cavanilles) R. Brown) and 
maidenhair creeper (Lygodium flexuosum (Linnaeus) Swartz) to the list 
of terrestrial noxious weeds. This action is necessary to prevent the 
artificial spread of these noxious weeds within and into the United 
States.

DATES: Effective on May 3, 2010, we are adopting as a final rule the 
interim rule published at 74 FR 53397-53400 on October 19, 2009.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Dr. Alan V. Tasker, Noxious Weeds 
Program Coordinator, Emergency and Domestic Programs, PPQ, APHIS, 4700 
River Road Unit 26, Riverdale, MD 20737-1236, (301) 734-5225; or Ms. 
Dorothy Wayson, Regulatory Coordination Specialist, Regulatory 
Coordination and Compliance, Permits, Registrations, Imports, and 
Manuals, PPQ, APHIS, 4700 River Road Unit 52, Riverdale, MD 20737-1236, 
(301) 734-0772.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Background

    Under the authority of the Plant Protection Act (PPA, 7 U.S.C. 7701 
et seq.), the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) 
administers the noxious weeds regulations in 7 CFR part 360, which 
prohibit or restrict the importation and interstate movement of those 
plants that are designated as noxious weeds in Sec.  360.200. The PPA 
defines ``noxious weed'' as ``any plant or plant product that can 
directly or indirectly injure or cause damage to crops (including 
nursery stock or plant products), livestock, poultry, or other 
interests of agriculture, irrigation, navigation, and the natural 
resources of the United States, the public health, or the 
environment.''
    Under the authority of the Federal Seed Act of 1939, as amended (7 
U.S.C. 1551 et seq.), the U.S. Department of Agriculture regulates the 
importation and interstate movement of certain agricultural and 
vegetable seeds and screenings. Title III of that Act, ``Foreign 
Commerce,'' requires shipments of imported agricultural and vegetable 
seeds to be labeled correctly and to be tested for the presence of the 
seeds of certain noxious weeds as a condition of entry into the United 
States. APHIS' regulations implementing the provisions of title III of 
the Federal Seed Act are found in 7 CFR part 361. A list of noxious 
weed seeds is contained in Sec.  361.6. Paragraph (a)(1) of Sec.  361.6 
lists species of noxious weed seeds with no tolerances applicable to 
their introduction into the United States.
    In an interim rule\1\ effective and published in the Federal 
Register on October 19, 2009 (74 CFR 53397-53400, Docket No. APHIS-
2008-0097), we amended the regulations by adding Old World climbing 
fern (Lygodium microphyllum (Cavanilles) R. Brown) and maidenhair 
creeper (Lygodium flexuosum (Linnaeus) Swartz) to the list of 
terrestrial noxious weeds in Sec.  360.200(c) and to the list of 
noxious weed seeds with no tolerances applicable to their introduction 
in Sec.  361.6(a)(1). In that interim rule, we also made the weed risk 
assessment (WRA) and the Federal decision document available for public 
review and comment.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \1\ To view the interim rule, the supporting documents, and the 
comments we received, go to (https://www.regulations.gov/fdmspublic/component/main?main=DocketDetail&d=APHIS-2008-0097).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    We solicited comments concerning the interim rule, WRA, and the 
Federal decision document for 60 days ending December 18, 2009. We 
received three comments, two from private citizens and one from a State 
Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, by that date. All of 
the commenters supported the addition of both Old World Climbing Fern 
(L. microphyllum) and Maidenhair Creeper (L. flexuosum) to the list of 
Federal Noxious weeds.
    One of the commenters asked that we consider adding other species 
within the Schizaeaceae family to the list of Federal noxious weeds. 
Specifically, the commenter was concerned that other species in the 
Schizaeaceae family are weedy and/or invasive, because L. microphyllum 
and L. flexuosum have been reported to interbreed with closely related 
species. A link to a reference on the Internet was provided by the 
commenter to try to illustrate that behavior.
    In our assessment of L. microphyllum, L. flexuosum, and L. 
japonicum we did not encounter any evidence that these species are 
capable of hybridizing with any other species. The study that the 
commenter referred to examines the reproductive biology of L. 
microphyllum and L. japonicum and provides evidence that L. 
microphyllum is capable of intergametophytic crossing. 
Intergametophytic crossing refers to two different gametophytes of the 
same species crossing with each other; it does not refer to crossing of 
two different species, which concerned the commenter. Two other species 
of Lygodium were once reported to hybridize, but there is no immediate 
indication that these or any other members of the Lygodiaceae or 
Schizaeaceae families are weeds. APHIS will continue to explore the 
literature to determine whether any additional Lygodiaceae or 
Schizaeaceae warrant regulation.
    Therefore, for the reasons given in the interim rule and in this 
document, we are adopting the interim rule as a final.
    This action also affirms the information contained in the interim 
rule concerning Executive Order 12866 and the Regulatory Flexibility 
Act, Executive Orders 12372 and 12988, and the Paperwork Reduction Act.
    Further, for this action, the Office of Management and Budget has 
waived its review under Executive Order 12866.

[[Page 23152]]

List of Subjects

7 CFR Part 360

    Imports, Plants (Agriculture), Quarantine, Reporting and 
recordkeeping requirements, Transportation, Weeds.

7 CFR Part 361

    Agricultural commodities, Imports, Labeling, Quarantine, Reporting 
and recordkeeping requirements, Seeds, Vegetables, Weeds.

PART 360--NOXIOUS WEED REGULATIONS

PART 361--IMPORTATION OF SEED AND SCREENINGS UNDER THE FEDERAL SEED 
ACT

0
Accordingly, we are adopting as a final rule, without change, the 
interim rule that amended 7 CFR parts 360 and 361 and that was 
published at 74 FR 53397-53400 on October 19, 2009.
    Done in Washington, DC, this 27\th\ day of April 2010.

Kevin Shea
Acting Administrator, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service.
[FR Doc. 2010-10282 Filed 4-30-10; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 3410-34-S

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