Self-Regulatory Organizations; Fixed Income Clearing Corporation; Notice of Filing of Proposed Rule Change To Amend and Restate the Cross-Margining Agreement between FICC and CM, 48926-48937 [2023-15981]
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48926
Federal Register / Vol. 88, No. 144 / Friday, July 28, 2023 / Notices
(Offshore), L.P., OHA European
Strategic Credit Master Fund (Euro),
L.P., OHA KC Customized Credit Master
Fund, L.P., OHA CLO Enhanced Equity
Master Fund II, L.P., OHA CLO
Enhanced Equity Master A Fund, L.P.,
OHA AD Dislocation Credit Fund II,
L.P., OHA AD Customized Credit Fund
(Europe), L.P., OHA AD Customized
Credit Fund (International), L.P., OHA
Real Asset Opportunities Master Fund I,
L.P., OHA SA Customized Credit Fund,
L.P., OHA Strategic Credit Master Fund
II, L.P., OHA Strategic Credit Master
Fund III, L.P., OHA Strategic Credit
Fund III, L.P., OHA Strategic Credit
Mini-Master Fund III (Offshore), L.P.,
OHA Structured Products Master Fund
C, L.P., OHA Structured Products
Master Fund D, L.P., OHA Structured
Products Fund E, L.P., OHA Structured
Products Master Fund II, L.P., OHA
Tactical Investment Master Fund, L.P.,
OHA Tactical Investment Fund, L.P.,
OHA Tactical Investment Mini-Master
Fund (Offshore), L.P., OHA TKY
Customized Credit Fund, L.P., OHA
TKY Customized Credit Fund II, L.P.,
OHA TKY Customized Credit Fund III,
L.P., Aloha European Credit Fund, L.P.,
OHA Diversified Credit Strategies Fund
(Parallel), L.P., OHA MD Opportunistic
Credit Master Fund, L.P., OHA
Enhanced Credit Strategies Master
Fund, L.P., OHA Enhanced Credit
Strategies Fund, L.P., OHA Enhanced
Credit Strategies Mini-Master Fund,
L.P., OHA Diversified Credit Strategies
Tractor Master Fund, L.P., OHA LDN
Customised Credit Master, L.P., OHA
Diversified Credit Strategies Master
Fund (Parallel II), L.P., OHA Centre
Street Partnership, L.P., OHA CLO
Strategies Master Fund, L.P., OHA
Diversified Credit Strategies Fund
Master, L.P., OHA Diversified Credit
Strategies Fund, L.P., OHA Diversified
Credit Strategies Fund Mini-Master,
L.P., OHA UK Customized RMBS
Master Fund, L.P., OHAT Credit Fund,
L.P., OHA Delaware Customized Credit
Fund-F, L.P., OHA Delaware
Customized Credit Fund, L.P., OHA
Dynamic Credit Orca Fund, L.P., OHA
S.C.A., SICAV–SIF, OHA Finlandia
Credit Fund, L.P., OHA Custom MultiSector Credit Master Fund, L.P., OHA
AD Co-Investment Fund, L.P., OHA FD
Custom Credit Fund, L.P., OHA HT Lev
Loan Fund, L.P., OHA Credit Funding 1,
Ltd., OHA Credit Funding 2, Ltd., OHA
Credit Funding 3, Ltd., OHA Credit
Funding 4, Ltd., OHA Credit Funding 5,
Ltd., OHA Credit Funding 6, Ltd., OHA
Credit Funding 7, Ltd., OHA Credit
Funding 8, Ltd., OHA Credit Funding 9,
Ltd., OHA Credit Funding 10, Ltd., OHA
Credit Funding 11, Ltd., OHA Credit
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17:16 Jul 27, 2023
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Funding 12, Ltd., OHA Credit Partners
VII, Ltd., OHA Credit Partners IX, Ltd.,
OHA Credit Partners X–R, Ltd., OHA
Credit Partners XI, Ltd., OHA Credit
Partners XII, Ltd., OHA Credit Partners
XIII, Ltd., OHA Credit Partners XIV,
Ltd., OHA Credit Partners XV, Ltd.,
OHA Credit Partners XVI, Ltd., OHA
Loan Funding 2013–1, Ltd., OHA Loan
Funding 2013–2, Ltd., OHA Loan
Funding 2015–1, Ltd., OHA Loan
Funding 2016–1, Ltd., Oak Hill
European Credit Partners III DAC, Oak
Hill European Credit Partners IV, DAC,
Oak Hill European Credit Partners V,
DAC, Oak Hill European Credit Partners
VI, DAC, Oak Hill European Credit
Partners VII, DAC, Oak Hill European
Credit Partners VIII, DAC, OHA Credit
Solutions II Master Fund A SPV, L.P.,
OHA Credit Solutions II Master Fund B
SPV, L.P., OHA Credit Solutions Master
Fund I SPV, L.P., OHA Credit Solutions
Master Fund II SPV, L.P., OHA Madison
Loan Fund, L.P., OHA Falcon Fund,
L.P., OHA KC Customized Credit Master
Fund II, L.P., OHA TKY Customized
Credit Fund IV, L.P., OHA Highlands,
L.P., OHA Credit Funding 13, Ltd., OHA
Credit Funding 14, Ltd., and OHA
Credit Funding 15, Ltd.
FILING DATES: The application was filed
on May 2, 2023.
HEARING OR NOTIFICATION OF HEARING:
An order granting the requested relief
will be issued unless the Commission
orders a hearing. Interested persons may
request a hearing on any application by
emailing the SEC’s Secretary at
Secretarys-Office@sec.gov and serving
the Applicants with a copy of the
request by email, if an email address is
listed for the relevant Applicant below,
or personally or by mail, if a physical
address is listed for the relevant
Applicant below. Hearing requests
should be received by the Commission
by 5:30 p.m. on August 18, 2023, and
should be accompanied by proof of
service on applicants, in the form of an
affidavit or, for lawyers, a certificate of
service. Pursuant to rule 0–5 under the
Act, hearing requests should state the
nature of the writer’s interest, any facts
bearing upon the desirability of a
hearing on the matter, the reason for the
request, and the issues contested.
Persons who wish to be notified of a
hearing may request notification by
emailing the Commission’s Secretary at
Secretarys-Office@sec.gov.
ADDRESSES: The Commission:
Secretarys-Office@sec.gov. Applicants:
Gregory S. Rubin, Esq., GRubin@
oakhilladvisors.com; Richard Horowitz,
Esq., richard.horowitz@dechert.com.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Deepak T. Pai, Senior Counsel, or Lisa
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Reid Ragen, Branch Chief, Branch Chief,
at (202) 551–6825 (Division of
Investment Management, Chief
Counsel’s Office).
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: For
Applicants’ representations, legal
analysis, and conditions, please refer to
Applicants’ application, dated May 2,
2023, which may be obtained via the
Commission’s website by searching for
the file number at the top of this
document, or for an Applicant using the
Company name search field, on the
SEC’s EDGAR system. The SEC’s
EDGAR system may be searched at, at
https://www.sec.gov/edgar/searchedgar/
legacy/companysearch.html. You may
also call the SEC’s Public Reference
Room at (202) 551–8090.
For the Commission, by the Division of
Investment Management, under delegated
authority.
Dated: July 24, 2023.
Sherry R. Haywood,
Assistant Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2023–15988 Filed 7–27–23; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
[Release No. 34–97969; File No. SR–FICC–
2023–010]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; Fixed
Income Clearing Corporation; Notice of
Filing of Proposed Rule Change To
Amend and Restate the CrossMargining Agreement between FICC
and CM
July 24, 2023.
Pursuant to section 19(b)(1) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
(‘‘Act’’),1 and Rule 19b–4 thereunder,2
notice is hereby given that on July 17,
2023, Fixed Income Clearing
Corporation (‘‘FICC’’) filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission
(‘‘Commission’’) the proposed rule
change as described in Items I, II and III
below, which Items have been prepared
primarily by FICC. The Commission is
publishing this notice to solicit
comments on the proposed rule change
from interested persons.
I. Clearing Agency’s Statement of the
Terms of Substance of the Proposed
Rule Change
The proposed rule change consists of
a proposed Amended and Restated
Cross-Margining Agreement (the
‘‘Restated Agreement’’) between FICC
and the Chicago Mercantile Exchange
1 15
2 17
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CFR 240.19b–4.
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Inc. (‘‘CME,’’ collectively FICC and CME
are referred to herein as the ‘‘Clearing
Organizations’’ or ‘‘Parties’’). The
proposed Restated Agreement would
replace the current Cross-Margining
Agreement between the Parties (the
‘‘Existing Agreement’’) 3 in its entirety
and would be incorporated into the
FICC Government Securities Division
(‘‘GSD’’) Rulebook (‘‘GSD Rules’’). The
proposed rule change does not require
any changes to the text of the GSD
Rules.4 The proposed Restated
Agreement was attached to this filing as
Exhibit 5[sic].5
II. Clearing Agency’s Statement of the
Purpose of, and Statutory Basis for, the
Proposed Rule Change
In its filing with the Commission, the
clearing agency included statements
concerning the purpose of and basis for
the proposed rule change and discussed
any comments it received on the
proposed rule change. The text of these
statements may be examined at the
places specified in Item IV below. The
clearing agency has prepared
summaries, set forth in sections A, B,
and C below, of the most significant
aspects of such statements.
(A) Clearing Agency’s Statement of the
Purpose of, and Statutory Basis for, the
Proposed Rule Change
1. Purpose
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Executive Summary
Generally, the purpose of a crossmargining arrangement between two
clearing organizations is to recognize
the offsetting value of positions
maintained by a member (or a member
and its affiliate) at the two clearing
organizations for margin purposes. Any
resulting margin reductions create
capital efficiencies for common
members.
With regard to its cross-margining
arrangement with CME, FICC is
3 See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 49003
(Dec. 29, 2003), 69 FR 712 (Jan. 6, 2004) (SR–FICC–
2003–10). For subsequent amendments to the
Existing Agreement, see Securities Exchange Act
Release Nos. 50790 (Dec. 3, 2004), 69 FR 71456
(Dec. 9, 2004) (SR–FICC–2004–16); 51178 (Feb. 9,
2005), 70 FR 7982 (Feb. 16, 2005) (SR–FICC–2005–
03); 55217 (Jan. 31, 2007), 72 FR 5774 (Feb. 7, 2007)
(SR–FICC–2006–16); 59498 (Mar. 4, 2009), 74 FR
10321 (Mar. 10, 2009) (SR–FICC–2009–01); 63986
(Feb. 28, 2011), 76 FR 12144 (Mar. 4, 2011) (SR–
FICC–2010–09); and 72396 (June 16, 2014), 79 FR
35400 (June 20, 2014) (SR–FICC–2014–04).
4 The Existing Agreement is incorporated in the
GSD Rules available at www.dtcc.com/legal/rulesand-procedures.aspx. Unless otherwise specified,
capitalized terms not defined herein shall have the
meanings ascribed to them in the GSD Rules, which
includes the Existing Agreement.
5 Proposed Amended and Restated CrossMargining Agreement by Fixed Income Clearing
Corporation and Chicago Mercantile Exchange Inc.
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proposing to replace the Existing
Agreement with the Restated
Agreement, which would be
incorporated into the GSD Rules. The
purpose of the proposed Restated
Agreement is to expand the scope and
efficiency of the margin offsets that are
available to clearing members of the two
Clearing Organizations under the
Existing Agreement, thus reducing their
margin costs and allowing for more
efficient capital usage by members. It
would also streamline the default
management and loss sharing processes
by making clear that a joint liquidation
would be the preferred method used by
the Clearing Organizations in the event
of a member default.
The key aspects of the proposed
Restated Agreement are as follows (and
are described in more detail below):
• Member participation: Participation
in the cross-margining arrangement
would continue to be voluntary and the
criteria for participation under the
proposed Restated Agreement would
remain the same as it is under the
Existing Agreement.6
• Eligible products: Additional CME
products would become eligible under
the proposed Restated Agreement,7
allowing for greater potential margin
offsets.
• Calculation of margin and margin
reductions: The proposed Restated
Agreement, would simplify the overall
margin calculation process by
eliminating the need for application of
offset classes of securities and
conversion of CME Eligible Products
into equivalent GSD Treasury security
products.8 As a result, FICC believes,
based on portfolio specific construction
and market conditions, that these
changes should generate margin savings
in excess of those under the Existing
Agreement. For example, based on a
study comparing margin savings
generated under the Existing Agreement
and under the proposed Restated
Agreement over the December 1, 2021 to
November 30, 2022 period,9 margin
6 Currently cross-margining is only available for
house (proprietary accounts) of CME clearing
members that are also GSD Netting Members (either
directly or through an affiliate).
7 CME will add products to the proposed Restated
Agreement as discussed in more detail below.
8 References herein to ‘‘offset classes’’ refers to the
grouping of securities by maturity for purposes of
comparing those securities to CME Eligible
Products whose price volatility is sufficiently
correlated to determine whether long and short
positions could be offset for purposes of
determining margin requirements. Moving to
security-level offsets would simplify the margin
calculation process by removing the need to define
and work with categories of securities.
9 The study covered fifteen current CrossMargining Participants’ actual eligible FICC
portfolios and simulated CME futures portfolios.
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48927
savings went from a range of 0.1% to
17.4% under the Existing Agreement, to
a range of 0% to 36.6% under the
proposed Restated Agreement.10
• Default management: Under the
Existing Agreement, there is no express
language requiring the Parties to attempt
to conduct a joint liquidation. Whereas
the proposed Restated Agreement would
make clear that a joint liquidation is the
preferred means of liquidation of crossmargining positions in the event of a
member default. A joint liquidation is
optimal because it maximizes the
efficiency and effectiveness of the
liquidation process by enabling each
Clearing Organization to recognize
reduced risk by offsetting risk positions
together. The proposed Restated
Agreement would also provide for the
possible exchange of variation margin
during the course of a joint liquidation.
The exchange of variation margin
during the course of a joint liquidation
would be an improvement because
instead of using other liquidity
resources, it would enable a Party that
has a mark-to-market loss arising out of
cross-margining positions to use the
variation margin gains on offsetting
cross-margining positions held by the
other Clearing Organization. The
Existing Agreement has no such
provisions and they would be added to
improve the efficiency of the default
management process.
FICC believes that the proposed
expansion of the scope of CME Eligible
Products (as defined below) available
for cross-margining, the expansion of
the scope and efficiency of the margin
offsets that would be available to CrossMargining Participants,11 and the
FICC notes that margin savings will vary based on
portfolio specific construction and market
conditions.
10 FICC notes, however, that cross-marginingrelated margin requirements account for only
nineteen (19) percent of total margin requirements
on average. FICC provided its analysis of the
potential effects on margin requirements to the
Commission in a confidential Exhibit 3 to File No.
SR–FICC–2023–010. FICC provided responses to
specific questions raised by Commission staff with
regard to the conceptual review of margin reduction
mechanics (e.g., the applicable margin model,
impact of proposed changes), the potential effect on
other margin add-on charges, and how FICC intends
to model Treasury futures. FICC also provided
information pertaining to minimum and maximum
margin reduction thresholds, potential effects of the
proposed changes to margin calculations, and
model backtesting.
11 Pursuant to the proposed Restated Agreement,
‘‘Cross-Margining Participant’’ means a Joint
Clearing Member that has become, or a Clearing
Member that is part of a pair of affiliated Clearing
Members each of which has become, a participant
in the cross-margining arrangement between FICC
and CME established pursuant to the proposed
Restated Agreement. In the latter case, the term
‘‘Cross-Margining Participant’’ shall, where the
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Continued
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Federal Register / Vol. 88, No. 144 / Friday, July 28, 2023 / Notices
improvement in the efficiency and
effectiveness of the default management
process would enhance the crossmargining arrangement between FICC
and CME. FICC believes that these
enhancements would encourage greater
utilization of centralized clearing,
thereby facilitating systemic risk
reduction.
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Background
The Existing Agreement establishes a
cross-margining arrangement 12 that
allows FICC to consider the net risk of
a participant’s related eligible positions
at FICC and CME when setting margin
requirements of such positions.13
FICC proposes to enter into the
proposed Restated Agreement which
would, among other things, (i) generally
expand the list of CME Eligible
Products 14 available for crossmargining; (ii) remove certain existing
appendices to the Existing Agreement
that describe operational calculations
and margin examples, and instead
establish procedures to be included in a
separate service level agreement,
including certain other processes
covering default management and
changes to the lists of CME Eligible
Products and FICC Eligible Products;
(iii) revise and expand the scope and
efficiency for calculating the margin
reduction that would apply to a CrossMargining Participant’s Eligible
Positions, including requiring more
frequent exchange of Eligible Position
information between CME and FICC that
context requires, refer collectively to the pair of
Cross-Margining Affiliates.
12 Cross-margining arrangements are addressed in
GSD Rule 43, supra note 4.
13 See Section 5 of the Existing Agreement,
‘‘Calculation of the Cross-Margining Reduction,’’
supra note 4.
14 See Exhibit A of the proposed Restated
Agreement, ‘‘CME Eligible Products.’’ The CME
Eligible Products are the following: CBT 26 2-year
T-Note Futures, CBT 3YR 3-year T-Notes Futures,
CBT 25 5-Year T-Note Futures, CBT 21 10-year TNote Futures, CBT 17 U.S. Treasury Bond Futures,
CBT TN Ultra Ten-Year T-Note Futures, CBT UBE
Ultra U.S. Treasury Bond Futures, CBT TWE 20Year U.S. Treasury Bond Futures, CBT 41 30 Day
Federal Funds Futures, CME ED Eurodollar Futures,
CME 1-Month Eurodollar Futures, CME SR1 OneMonth SOFR Futures, CME SR3 Three-Month SOFR
Futures. Id. Of the foregoing, the following CME
products would be newly eligible under the
Restated agreement: CBT 3YR 3-year T-Notes
Futures, CBT TN Ultra Ten-Year T-Note Futures,
CBT UBE Ultra U.S. Treasury Bond Futures, CBT
TWE 20-Year U.S. Treasury Bond Futures, CBT 41
30 Day Federal Funds Futures, CME SR1 OneMonth SOFR Futures, and CME SR3 Three-Month
SOFR Futures. As noted above, certain Agency
futures have not been used in the current
arrangement and will not be carried into the
proposed Restated Agreement. Specifically, the
following CME products would no longer be
eligible: the ‘‘Five Year Agency’’ and ‘‘Ten Year
Agency’’ Futures identified in Appendix B of the
Existing Agreement.
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is used to collateralize risk exposures;
(iv) add provisions describing default
management in terms of (x) what steps
would be taken in the event of a joint
or separate liquidation of Defaulting
Member’s Eligible Positions, and (y) the
exchange between the Parties of
‘‘Variation Margin’’ during the course of
a joint liquidation (as defined in the
proposed Restated Agreement) and loss
sharing; and (v) revise certain other
provisions that relate to the Clearing
Organizations’ contractual obligations to
one another.15
Key Terms of the Existing Agreement
For purposes of additional
background, the following is an
overview of the key terms of the
Existing Agreement.
1. Daily Margin Calculation
Under the Existing Agreement, the
cross-margining calculation is not based
upon FICC’s VaR model. Rather, FICC
and CME each separately hold and
manage its own positions and collateral
and independently determine the
amount of margin that it would make
available for cross-margining (after they
each first conduct their own internal
offsets). Once each Business Day, FICC
and CME exchange files with respect to
their members’ positions that are
eligible for cross-margining. FICC
computes the amount by which a
member’s margin requirement can be
reduced, by comparing that member’s
Eligible Positions and related margin
requirements at GSD against those at
CME. FICC and CME may then each
reduce the amount of collateral that they
collect to reflect the offsets between the
Cross-Margining Participant’s positions
at FICC and its (or its Affiliate’s)
positions at CME.16 Currently, the
calculation of the offsets each Clearing
Organization applies relies upon a
methodology for the conversion of CME
Eligible Products into equivalent GSD
Treasury security products, as well as
the use of minimum margin factors to
measure interest rate exposure.
Additionally, the Clearing
Organizations limit the potential margin
reductions from cross-margining.
Specifically, they apply a Disallowance
Factor to a given CME and GSD Offset
Class (an ‘‘Offset Class’’ being a
grouping of securities by maturity).17
15 These provisions include, but are not limited
to, the confidentiality provisions and removing the
arbitration provision.
16 See Section 5 of the Existing Agreement,
‘‘Calculation of the Cross-Margining Reduction,’’
supra note 4.
17 FICC and CME agree on the applicable
Disallowance Factors from time to time. Examples
of Disallowance Factor tables are included in
Exhibit B of the Existing Agreement.
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Based on these Disallowance Factors,
margin offsets are determined for each
Offset Class. The sum of these margin
offsets provides the member’s CrossMargining Reduction) at CME and at
GSD.18
2. The Cross-Margining Guaranty and
Reimbursement Obligation
As would also be the case under the
proposed Restated Agreement, under
the Existing Agreement, CME agrees to
guaranty certain performance
obligations of a Cross-Margining
Participant to FICC, and FICC agrees to
guaranty certain performance
obligations of a Cross-Margining
Participant to CME. These crossmargining Guaranties 19 are necessary to
facilitate the Cross-Margining
Arrangement and represent contractual
commitments that each Clearing
Organization has to the other.20
Specifically, CME and FICC guarantee
the Cross-Margining Participant’s
performance of its obligations to the
other Clearing Corporation up to the
amount of the member’s CrossMargining Reduction.21 There is also a
corresponding obligation of the CrossMargining Participant to reimburse a
Clearing Organization for any amounts
paid under these Guaranties, which
obligation is collateralized by the
positions and margin of such CrossMargining Participant held by the
guarantor (CME or FICC, as applicable).
18 Pursuant to the Existing Agreement, FICC and
CME unilaterally have the right to (1) not reduce a
Cross-Margining Participant’s margin requirement
by the Cross-Margining Reduction or (2) reduce it
by less than the Cross-Margining Reduction.
However, the Clearing Organizations may not
reduce a Cross-Margining Participant’s margin
requirement by more than the Cross-Margining
Reduction. See Section 5 of the Existing Agreement,
‘‘Calculation of the Cross-Margining Reduction,’’
supra note 4.
19 Pursuant to the Existing Agreement,
‘‘Guaranty’’ is defined as ‘‘the obligation of FICC to
CME, or of CME to FICC, as in effect at a particular
time with respect to a particular Cross-Margining
Participant as set forth in Sections 8A and 8B of this
Agreement. The term ‘‘Guaranties’’ refers to both
the Guaranty of CME to FICC and the Guaranty of
FICC to CME [. . .].’’ See Section 1 of the Existing
Agreement, ‘‘Definitions,’’ supra note 4.
20 See Section 8A, ‘‘Guaranty of FICC to CME,’’
and Section 8B ‘‘Guaranty of CME to FICC,’’ of the
Existing Agreement.
21 Pursuant to the Existing Agreement, ‘‘CrossMargining Reduction’’ is defined as ‘‘the maximum
amount by which a Cross-Margining Participant’s
margin requirement at one Clearing Organization
may be reduced (irrespective of the amount by
which it is actually reduced) as calculated in
accordance with Section 5 of this Agreement. The
Cross-Margining Reduction at each Clearing
Organization is equal to the sum of the Margin
Offsets at that Clearing Organization. There will
always be a specified Cross-Margining Reduction
that one Clearing Organization could be required to
pay the other Clearing Organization. See Section 1
of the Existing Agreement, ‘‘Definitions,’’ supra
note 4.
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The provisions in the Existing
Agreement covering the cross-margining
Guaranties and the Cross-Margining
Participant’s Reimbursement Obligation
would remain the same under the
proposed Restated Agreement.22
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3. Member Default Event
Under the Existing Agreement, there
is no express language requiring the
CME and FICC to conduct a joint
liquidation at each Clearing
Organization. However, there is
language that provides that unless one
of the Parties has elected to not
liquidate, FICC and CME are required to
use reasonable efforts to coordinate the
liquidation of the positions covered by
the Cross-Margining Arrangement so
that offsetting or hedged positions can
be closed out simultaneously.23 There
are also provisions covering the sharing
of losses by CME and FICC in
accordance with the terms of the crossmargining Guaranties.24 The allocation
of losses depends upon whether, as to
each Party, the liquidation results in a
Cross Margin Gain or Cross Margin Loss.
A narrative description of the loss
sharing process is set forth in Appendix
I of the Existing Agreement titled, ‘‘Loss
Sharing Process.’’ Additionally, after
any payments are made pursuant to the
Guaranties and loss sharing arrangement
described above, if one of the Clearing
Organizations computes an Aggregate
Net Surplus, and the other an Aggregate
Net Loss, the Existing Agreement
includes an obligation for the Clearing
Organization with the surplus to make
a ‘‘Maximization Payment’’ 25 to the
other Clearing Organization. There is
also an associated ‘‘Maximization
Reimbursement Obligation’’ 26 of the
22 The ‘‘Reimbursement Obligation’’ is defined
under the Existing Agreement as ‘‘the obligation, as
set forth in Section 7(h) of this Agreement, of a
Cross-Margining Participant to a Clearing
Organization that is obligated to make a payment
on behalf of such Cross-Margining Participant or its
Cross-Margining Affiliate pursuant to a Guaranty.’’
23 Section 7(a) of the Existing Agreement,
‘‘Suspension and Liquidation of a Cross Margining
Participant,’’ states in pertinent part that, ‘‘Except
to the extent that one Clearing Organization has
determined unilaterally not to liquidate, FICC and
CME shall use reasonable efforts to coordinate the
liquidation of the Used Positions so that offsetting
or hedged positions can be closed out
simultaneously.’’
24 See Sections 8A, ‘‘Guaranty of FICC to CME’’
and 8B, ‘‘Guaranty of CME to FICC,’’ of the Existing
Agreement, supra note 4.
25 Pursuant to the Existing Agreement,
‘‘Maximization Payment’’ means the additional
payment(s), if any, that are required to be made by
FICC to CME, or vice versa, pursuant to Section 8C
of this Agreement after payments are made under
the Guaranty. See Section 8C of the Existing
Agreement, ‘‘Maximization Payment,’’ supra note 4.
26 Pursuant to the Existing Agreement,
‘‘Maximization Reimbursement Obligation’’ means
the obligation, as set forth in Section 8C(d), of a
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Defaulting Member to the Clearing
Organization that is obligated to make a
Maximization Payment. This provision
enables excess collateral of a Defaulting
Member to initially remain with the
Clearing Organizations, if needed, to
cover losses.
A. The Proposed Restated Agreement
Overview
As noted above, FICC proposes to
enter into the proposed Restated
Agreement with CME. The proposed
Restated Agreement is primarily
designed to, among other things, (i)
expand the scope of CME Eligible
Products, (ii) expand the scope and
efficiency of the margin offsets that are
available to Cross-Margining
Participants, thus allowing for more
efficient capital usage; (iii) improve the
efficiency and effectiveness of the
default management and loss sharing
process; and (iv) as a result of such
enhancements, further encourage greater
utilization of centralized clearing,
thereby facilitating systemic risk
reduction. The material provisions of
the proposed Restated Agreement are
described in detail below.
Key Elements of the Proposed Restated
Agreement
Proposal To Expand the List of CME
Eligible Products
Pursuant to the proposed Restated
Agreement, the list of CME products
eligible for cross-margining would be
amended to include an expanded list of
interest rate futures that are cleared by
CME.27 Under the Existing Agreement,
the interest rate futures and options
contracts eligible for cross-margining are
Eurodollar contracts listed on CME and
certain U.S. Treasury contracts listed on
the Chicago Board of Trade Incorporated
(‘‘CBOT’’).28 FICC understands that the
purpose of the change in CME Eligible
Products is to provide Cross-Margining
Participants cross-margin benefits that
better align with today’s CME Interest
Rates futures market structure. The
original list of CME’s product set does
not include several CME Interest Rate
futures contracts which have now
become benchmark products for
hedging in the broader U.S. Treasury
Markets, for example the CBT TN Ultra
Ten-Year T-Note Futures and the CBT
UBE Ultra U.S. Treasury Bond Futures.
Cross-Margining Participant to a Clearing
Organization that is obligated to make a
Maximization Payment on behalf of such CrossMargining Participant or its Cross-Margining
Affiliate pursuant to a Maximization Payment
Guaranty. Id.
27 See footnote 12 and Exhibit A (CME Eligible
Products) of the proposed Restated Agreement.
28 Supra note 4.
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The list would be expanded to include
additional U.S. Treasury futures, which
have been added to CME’s suite of U.S.
Treasury products since the Existing
Agreement was established, and SOFR
futures (which CME launched as a
complement to and eventual
replacement for Eurodollar futures). The
list of FICC Eligible Products 29 would
be comprised of U.S. Treasury securities
which refers to Treasury notes and
bonds, and would be set forth on
Exhibit B to the proposed Restated
Agreement, titled ‘‘FICC Eligible
Products.’’
FICC and CME would each establish
on their books and records a ‘‘CrossMargining Account’’ 30 for each
participating member that would
identify for their respective member the
transactions, positions and margin that
are subject to the proposed Restated
Agreement.31
Proposal To Establish a Separate Service
Level Agreement
The proposed Restated Agreement
also would include provisions intended
to improve the procedures, information
sharing, and documented steps covering
the default management process
between the Parties. Specifically, under
the proposed Restated Agreement,
Section 6(a) (Daily Procedures for
Exchange of Portfolio Cross-Margining
Data), FICC and CME would agree to put
in place a separate service level
agreement between the Parties (‘‘SLA’’),
which would include specified
timeframes, to exchange on each day on
which trading in Eligible Products is
conducted and on which FICC and CME
both conduct money settlements
(referred to as a ‘‘Business Day’’), such
information as may reasonably be
required in order to value the positions
in the Cross-Margining Accounts and to
29 See Exhibit B (FICC Eligible Products) of the
proposed Restated Agreement. In the Existing
Agreement, certain Agencies are also included, but
these products have been rarely used in the current
arrangement and will not be carried into the
proposed Restated Agreement. Specifically, the
following FICC products will no longer be eligible
for cross-margining with CME products: Treasury
bills (maturity of one year or less) and Treasury
Inflation-Protected Securities (TIPS).
30 Pursuant to the proposed Restated Agreement,
‘‘Cross-Margining Account’’ means with respect to
a Clearing Member of FICC, the transactions,
positions and margin maintained in the Account (as
defined in the GSD Rules) at FICC that are
identified in FICC’s books and records as being
subject to the proposed Restated Agreement, and,
with respect to a Clearing Member of CME, means
a cross-margining account that is carried on the
books of CME for such Clearing Member that is
limited to the transactions, positions and margin of
the Proprietary Accounts of such Clearing Member
that are subject to the proposed Restated
Agreement.
31 See Section 1, ‘‘Definitions.’’ of the proposed
Restated Agreement.
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The proposed Restated Agreement
would adopt a different methodology
applicable to the daily calculation of a
Cross-Margining Participant’s CrossMargin Requirements. The purpose of
the proposed changes is to expand the
scope and efficiency of the margin
offsets that are available to clearing
members of GSD and CME under the
Existing Agreement, thus reducing their
margin costs and allowing for more
efficient capital usage. This is because
by including new Eligible Products,
such as Ultras and 20-Year Treasury
Futures, CME and FICC are able to
reduce the risk exposure at more points
of the interest rate curve. The greater
margin efficiency is realized by using
the security level sensitivity to calculate
the VaR charge, instead of what is done
today, which is to use the net market
value of the Eligible Products in a
similar maturity bucket. The proposed
new methodology, which is based on
offsetting Eligible Positions at FICC and
CME, would also simplify the overall
margin calculation process by
eliminating the need to group securities
by maturity and the conversion of CME
Eligible Products into equivalent GSD
Treasury security products to facilitate
such grouping.35
Under the Existing Agreement in
order to determine the amount of
margin it collects, each Clearing
Organization separately manages its
own positions and collateral, and
independently determines the ‘‘Residual
Margin Amount’’ that remains after each
Clearing Organization conducts its own
internal offsets.36 This process requires
each Clearing Organization to apply
Offset Classes and convert its Eligible
Products into equivalent Eligible
Products of the other Clearing
Organization. The proposed Restated
Agreement, in contrast, would provide
that FICC and CME each treat a
participant’s relevant products as a
single portfolio (the ‘‘Combined
Portfolio’’).37 Treatment as a Combined
Portfolio provides the ability for the
32 FICC provided the SLA in a confidential
Exhibit 3 to File No. SR–FICC–2023–010.
33 Proposed changes that require a margin model
change would require an amendment to the
proposed Restated Agreement and regulatory
review and approval, as applicable.
34 The specific Appendices to be removed from
the Existing Agreement in accordance with these
proposed changes are: Appendix B (Example of
Disallowance Factor Schedule Applicable to CME
Eligible Products and FICC Eligible Products);
Appendix C1 (CME Calculation Process to Convert
Eurodollar Futures and Options into Treasury Cash
Equivalents and to Determine the Applicable CME
Offset Classes); Appendix C2 (Conversion of
Futures Contracts into Treasury Equivalents);
Appendix F (Methodology for Allocation of Margin
Based on Order of Increasing Disallowances);
Appendix G (Computation of Cross-Margin
Reduction); Appendix H (Data Elements to Be
Provided by CME and Returned by FICC); Appendix
I (Loss Sharing Process); Appendix J (Examples of
Loss Sharing Process); and Appendix K (Timing of
the Effectiveness of the Base Amount of the
Guaranty). See Existing Agreement, supra note 4.
35 Grouping securities by maturity along with the
conversion of products may, in some cases,
previously have resulted in overestimating the
margin credit that should be provided to a CrossMargining Participant because such grouping and
conversion of products is less precise than
measuring risk at the individual security level.
However, such overestimation of margin credit is
no longer an issue under the Existing Agreement,
as it has been previously addressed by FICC
through a process of daily surveillance in which
any instances of any excess margin credits are
identified and remediated, prior to submission to
the Cross-Margining Participant of their margin
reduction amount. FICC provided its assessment of
the excess margin credit issue as well as a
description of how it remediated the issue in a
confidential Exhibit 3 to File No. SR–FICC–2023–
010.
36 See Section 5 of the Existing Agreement,
‘‘Calculation of the Cross-Margining Reduction,’’
supra note 4.
37 See Section 4(a) of the proposed Restated
Agreement (Calculation of Cross-Margining
Requirements).
calculate the Cross-Margin Requirement
for each Cross-Margining Participant.32
The SLA would also include operational
processes consistent with the default
management provisions set forth in the
proposed Restated Agreement. The
Parties would update the SLA as their
operational needs evolve over time.
Further, in order to streamline and
ensure coordination between the
Clearing Organizations regarding any
changes to the products eligible for
cross-margining, the SLA would include
the process and criteria under which
FICC or CME may make a request to the
other Clearing Organization to modify
its list of CME Eligible Products or FICC
Eligible Products, as applicable. Such
process would include that only those
products that do not require a change to
FICC’s or CME’s margin model would be
permitted to be subject to this process,33
and that any modifications would
require the mutual written consent of
both Parties.
The SLA would replace certain
appendices 34 to the Existing
Agreement, which would no longer be
applicable under the terms of the
proposed Restated Agreement.
Operational processes and related
information would instead be
incorporated into the SLA, which would
reflect the process changes necessitated
by the proposed changes to the
calculation of the cross-margin
requirements and loss sharing
arrangements under the proposed
Restated Agreement (described below).
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Proposed Changes to the Calculation of
Cross-Margin Requirements
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Clearing Organizations to assess risk at
a security level and eliminates the need
to use separate margin calculations and
apply offset classes and conversions of
Eligible Products.
The proposed Restated Agreement
would provide that FICC and CME
would independently determine the
percentage of margin savings that would
be derived for a Cross-Margining
Account 38 as if it was a Combined
Portfolio. First, pursuant to Section 4(a)
of the proposed Restated Agreement,
each Clearing Organization would
calculate the difference between the
sum of the (x) ‘‘Stand-Alone Margin
Requirements’’ 39 for the CME Eligible
Products and FICC Eligible Products,
and (y) the Combined Portfolio of CME
Eligible Products and FICC Eligible
Products. Based on the above, each
Clearing Organization would determine
the percentage of margin savings that
would be derived by it by margining the
Combined Portfolio.
Second, the Clearing Organizations
would compare their respective margin
savings percentages with one another,
and, if the lesser of such margin savings
percentage exceeds the minimum
margin offset threshold 40 agreed by the
Clearing Organizations, each Clearing
Organization would reduce the amount
of margin required to be deposited by a
Cross-Margining Participant by the
lower of such margin savings
percentages (referred to as the CrossMargining Participant’s ‘‘Margin
Reduction’’). If the respective margin
savings percentages of both Clearing
Organizations are less than the agreed
38 Id. Also, FICC would utilize the same Valueat Risk (‘‘VaR’’) calculation method for the FICC
Eligible Positions (see GSD Rule 4, supra note 4)
and the CME Eligible Position (i.e., the same VaR
engine for the cash positions and the futures
positions).
39 Pursuant to the proposed Restated Agreement,
‘‘Stand-Alone Margin Requirement’’ means, as to
each Clearing Organization, the margin requirement
that such Clearing Organization would calculate
with respect to a Cross-Margining Account it carries
as if calculated by such Clearing Organization
without regard to this Agreement or another crossmargining agreement.’’ FICC would calculate this
requirement using a its VaR methodology, applying
it also to the standalone CME portfolio, and the
Combined Portfolio.
40 The Clearing Organizations would set the
initial margin offset threshold at 1% (which may be
subject to change) to prevent any negatively
correlated portfolios and/or portfolios with little to
no correlation to receive cross-margin benefit,
which requires the operational coordination
between the two Clearing Organizations in the
event of Member default, and they would reserve
the right to amend the threshold from time to time.
Changes to the minimum margin offset threshold
would be subject the requirements of the Clearing
Agency Model Risk Management Framework,
which addresses review of margin methodologies,
such as the model that would be used for the
proposed Restated Agreement.
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upon margin offset threshold, no Margin
Reduction would be applied.41
Lastly, the Parties would agree that
the Cross-Margin Requirement with
respect to a Cross-Margining Participant
may not be changed without the consent
of both Clearing Organizations. Further,
CME and FICC would agree to cause
CME Eligible Products and FICC Eligible
Products, respectively, to be crossmargined solely pursuant to the
proposed Restated Agreement, and
neither CME nor FICC would permit
such Eligible Products to be subject to
any other cross-margining
arrangement.42 This feature will prevent
underlying Eligible Products from being
double-counted to reduce margin in
another cross-margining program or
account, and ensure that each Clearing
Organization will have the appropriate
amount of margin to satisfy obligations
if a default occurs.
Proposed Changes Related to Default
Management
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1. The Liquidation Process—Overview
Like the Existing Agreement, the
proposed Restated Agreement would
provide that either FICC or CME may at
any time exercise any rights under its
Rules to terminate, suspend or
otherwise cease to act for or limit the
activities of a Cross-Margining
Participant (a ‘‘Defaulting Member’’).
Upon such event (a ‘‘Default Event’’),
the Clearing Organization that has taken
the foregoing actions (referred to as the
‘‘Liquidating CO’’) would be required to
immediately notify the other Clearing
Organization (referred to for purposes of
this provision of the proposed Restated
Agreement as the ‘‘other Clearing
Organization’’) of the actions it has
taken.43 Under the Existing Agreement,
absent certain exceptions, both Clearing
Organizations are required to promptly
and prudently liquidate Eligible
Positions of the Defaulting Member.
However, in contrast to the Existing
Agreement, the proposed Restated
Agreement would provide a different
approach to the liquidation process by
delineating a sequence of coordinated
steps the Clearing Organizations are
required to take depending upon
whether or not the other Clearing
Organization elects to treat the CrossMargining Participant as a Defaulting
Member under its Rules. The objective
of this proposed new approach is to
41 Supra
note 36.
Section 4(b) of the proposed Restated
Agreement (Calculation of Cross-Margining
Requirements).
43 See Section 7(a) of the proposed Restated
Agreement (Suspension and Liquidation of CrossMargining Participant).
42 See
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improve the efficiency and effectiveness
of the default management process and
lead to greater coordination between the
Clearing Organizations.
One Clearing Organization Elects To
Treat the Member as a Defaulting
Member and the Other Clearing
Organization Does Not
The proposed Restated Agreement
includes provisions to cover the
scenario where one Clearing
Organization (the ‘‘Liquidating CO’’)
elects to treat the Cross-Margining
Participant as a Defaulting Member, and
the other Clearing Organization (the
Non-Liquidating CO’’) does not.44
Generally, the Non-Liquidating CO
would provide the Liquidating CO with
cash to cover the margin reduction
provided under the proposed Restated
Agreement. The purpose of such cash
payment is to align the Defaulting
Member’s margin resources with its
exposures at the Liquidating CO.
Specifically, the Non-Liquidating CO
would be obligated to require the
Defaulting Member to pay the NonLiquidating CO in immediately
available funds the sum of (x) its Margin
Reduction at the Liquidating CO, and (y)
its Margin Reduction at the NonLiquidating CO, within one hour of
demand. If the Non-Liquidating CO
receives this payment in full from the
Defaulting Member or otherwise, such
as from the Non-Liquidating CO, within
such timeframe, the Non-Liquidating
CO would be required, within one hour
of such receipt, to pay the Liquidating
CO in immediately available funds the
Defaulting Member’s Margin Reduction
at the Liquidating CO. After the NonLiquidating CO makes such payment in
full, then, it would have no further
obligations to the Liquidating CO with
respect to the Default Event. If the NonLiquidating CO does not receive this
payment in full from the Defaulting
Member or otherwise, within one hour
of such receipt or other agreed upon
timeframe, then the Non-Liquidating CO
would cease to act for the Defaulting
Member, and the provisions of the
proposed Restated Agreement
pertaining to the scenario where both
Clearing Organizations treat the Member
as a Defaulting Member (discussed
immediately below) would apply.45
3. Both Clearing Organizations Elect To
Treat the Member as a Defaulting
Member
If both Clearing Organizations
determine to treat the Cross-Margining
Participant as a Defaulting Member,
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45 Id.
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48931
there are three possible liquidation
routes under the proposed Restated
Agreement the Clearing Organizations
can take regarding a Defaulting Member.
The following liquidation alternatives
would be determined after evaluating
the portfolio exposure, resources,
hedging cost and approved through
DTCC’s default management governance
process.
First, the Clearing Organizations
would attempt in good faith to conduct
a joint liquidation in which the Parties
jointly transfer, liquidate or close out
the Eligible Positions in the CrossMargining Accounts carried for the
Defaulting Member (the ‘‘Relevant
Positions’’).46
Second, in the event a Clearing
Organization determines that jointly
transferring, liquidating or closing out
the Relevant Positions is not feasible or
advisable, the proposed Restated
Agreement provides that either Clearing
Organization may offer to buy-out the
Relevant Positions, and any remaining
collateral relating thereto, at the last
settlement price for such positions
immediately prior to the time such offer
is made.47
Finally, if a Clearing Organization
determines that it is not advisable or
feasible to resolve the Default Event
pursuant to the first or second options
above, the proposed Restated Agreement
provides that it shall so notify the other
Clearing Organization. In such event,
each Clearing Organization would
promptly transfer, liquidate or
otherwise close out the Eligible
Positions in the Cross-Margining
Account carried for the Defaulting
Member at that Clearing Organization.48
Each of the foregoing liquidation
routes is described in detail below.
a. Joint Liquidation
A joint liquidation is optimal because
it maximizes the efficiency and
effectiveness of the liquidation process
by enabling each Clearing Organization
to recognize reduced risk by liquidating
offsetting risk positions together. To the
extent there is a joint liquidation, the
proposed Restated Agreement provides
for an exchange of variation margin
during the course of the liquidation and
loss sharing following liquidation. The
exchange of variation margin during the
liquidation process would be designed
to address scenarios in which either
CME or FICC has a payment obligation
arising out of cross-margin positions
46 See Section 7(b)(i) of the proposed Restated
Agreement.
47 See Section 7(b)(ii) of the proposed Restated
Agreement.
48 See Section 7(b)(iii) of the proposed Restated
Agreement.
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that could be covered by the variation
margin gains on offsetting cross-margin
positions held by the other Clearing
Organization. The Existing Agreement
has no such provisions, and they would
be added to the proposed Restated
Agreement to improve the efficiency of
the default management process.
Following liquidation, payments made
as part of a cross-guaranty between FICC
and CME would be designed to
minimize total credit losses across the
Clearing Organizations related to crossmargin positions. The Existing
Agreement also includes a crossguaranty and loss-sharing provisions but
is determined based upon a significantly
more complex formula for calculating
closeout gains and losses postliquidation than are included in the
proposed Restated Agreement.
VM Margin: The exchange of
Variation Margin 49 during the joint
liquidation process under certain
circumstances would be as follows:
• If, on any Business Day during the
liquidation of a Defaulting Member, a
Clearing Organization has a CrossMargin VM Gain 50 and an Other VM
Gain 51 with respect to a Defaulting
Member (such Clearing Organization
49 The proposed Restated Agreement defines
‘‘Variation Margin’’ to mean, with respect to the
Cross-Margining Account of a Defaulting Member,
the amounts owed to or by the Defaulting Member,
as applicable, by or to a Clearing Organization due
to the mark-to-market movement arising from or
related to the positions in the Defaulting Member’s
Cross-Margining Account at CME or the Defaulting
Member’s Cross-Margin Positions at FICC from the
time immediately prior to a Default Event until the
time the liquidation of a Defaulting Member is
complete for both CME and FICC. See Section 1
(Definitions) of the proposed Restated Agreement.
50 The proposed Restated Agreement defines
‘‘Cross-Margin VM Gain’’ or ‘‘Cross-Margin VM
Loss’’ to mean, with respect to the Cross-Margining
Account of a Defaulting Member, the amounts owed
to or by the Defaulting Member, as applicable, by
or to a Clearing Organization due to the mark-tomarket movement arising from or related to the
positions in the Defaulting Member’s CrossMargining Account at CME or the Defaulting
Member’s Cross-Margin Positions at FICC. See
Section 1 (Definitions) of the proposed Restated
Agreement.
51 The proposed Restated Agreement defines
‘‘Other VM Gain’’ or ‘‘Other VM Loss’’ to mean, (x)
with respect to a Defaulting Member of FICC, the
amounts owed to or by the Defaulting Member, as
applicable, by or to FICC due to the Funds-Only
Settlement payments (as defined in the GSD Rules)
arising from or related to the mark-to-market
movement of the portion of the Defaulting
Member’s GSD Accounts that does not include the
positions in the Cross-Margining Account at FICC;
and (y) with respect to a Defaulting Member of
CME, the amounts owed to or by the Defaulting
Member, as applicable, by or to CME arising from
or related to the mark-to-market movement of the
positions (excluding positions in IRS Contracts (as
defined under CME’s Rules)) or positions that are
commingled with positions in IRS Contracts
pursuant to CME Rule 8G831 in the Defaulting
Member’s accounts (but excluding its CrossMargining Account) at CME. See Section 1
‘‘Definitions’’ of the proposed Restated Agreement.
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being the ‘‘VM Payor’’), and the other
Clearing Organization has a CrossMargin VM Loss with respect to a
Defaulting Member (such Clearing
Organization being the ‘‘VM Receiver’’),
the proposed Restated Agreement
provides that the VM Payor would make
a payment to the VM Receiver in the
amount of the VM Receiver’s CrossMargin VM Loss, but not to exceed the
VM Payor’s Cross-Margin VM Gain. The
proposed Restated Agreement provides,
however, that the VM Payor will not be
required to make such payment to the
extent it reasonably determines that the
liquidation of the Defaulting Member
will result in a loss to it following
liquidation 52 or that the VM Receiver
will be limited by statute, court order or
other applicable law from making the
payment.53
• If, on any Business Day during the
liquidation of a Defaulting Member, a
Clearing Organization has a CrossMargin VM Gain and an Other VM Loss
(such Clearing Organization being the
‘‘VM Payor’’) and the sum of these
amounts is positive (hereinafter
‘‘Aggregate VM Gain’’), and the other
Clearing Organization has a CrossMargin VM Loss with respect to a
Defaulting Member (such Clearing
Organization being the ‘‘VM Receiver’’),
the proposed Restated Agreement
provides that the VM Payor will make
a payment to the VM Receiver in the
amount of the VM Receiver’s CrossMargin VM Loss, but not to exceed the
VM Payor’s Aggregate VM Gain unless
the Clearing Organizations otherwise
agree that the VM Payor shall pay a
higher amount. The proposed Restated
Agreement provides, however, that the
VM Payor will not be required to make
such payment to the extent it reasonably
determines that the liquidation of the
Defaulting Member will result in a loss
to it following liquidation or that the
VM Receiver will be limited by statute,
court order or other applicable law from
making the payment.54
• If, on any Business Day during the
liquidation of a Defaulting Member, a
Clearing Organization has a CrossMargin VM Gain and an Other VM Loss
with respect to a Defaulting Member
and the sum of these two amounts is
negative, and the other Clearing
Organization has a Cross-Margin VM
Loss with respect to the Defaulting
Member, the proposed Restated
Agreement states that neither Clearing
Organization will be required to make a
discussion of ‘‘Net Loss’’ below.
Section 7(c)(v)(1) of the proposed Restated
Agreement.
54 See Section 7(c)(v)(2) of the proposed Restated
Agreement.
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53 See
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payment unless otherwise agreed to by
the Parties.55
Following the liquidation of a
Defaulting Member, the VM Receiver
must repay any variation margin
payments it received from the VM
Payor.56 Such repayment obligation,
however, shall be netted and offset
against the VM Payor’s payment
obligation pursuant to the loss sharing
provisions in Section 7 of the
Agreement, discussed immediately
below.57
Loss Sharing: The sharing of losses
following a joint liquidation would be
calculated under the proposed Restated
Agreement as follows:
• Each Clearing Organization would
calculate its individual ‘‘Net Gain’’ or
individual ‘‘Net Loss,’’ if any, taking
into account solely its individual
‘‘Collateral on Hand’’ and its individual
‘‘Liquidation Cost.’’ These terms have
specific meanings in the proposed
Restated Agreement as follows:
Æ The proposed Restated Agreement
defines ‘‘Net Gain’’ or ‘‘Net Loss’’ to
mean, with respect to the CrossMargining Account of a Defaulting
Member held at a Clearing Organization,
the sum of the (i) Collateral on Hand;
and (ii) Liquidation Cost. If such
amount is a positive number, a Clearing
Organization shall be deemed to have a
‘‘Net Gain’’ with respect to the relevant
account and if such amount is a
negative number, a ‘‘Net Loss.’’ 58
Æ The proposed Restated Agreement
defines ‘‘Collateral on Hand’’ to mean
the margin held with respect to the
Cross-Margining Account of a
Defaulting Member immediately prior to
the time at which the Default Event
occurred.59
Æ The proposed Restated Agreement
defines ‘‘Liquidation Cost’’ to mean the
aggregate gain or loss realized in the
liquidation, transfer, or management of
Eligible Positions held by the Clearing
Organization in the Cross-Margining
Account of the Defaulting Member,
including, without limitation, (i) any
Variation Margin 60 owed to the
Defaulting Member by the Clearing
Organization and unpaid (which shall
constitute gains); (ii) any Variation
Margin owed by the Defaulting Member
55 See Section 7(c)(v)(3) of the proposed Restated
Agreement.
56 A VM Receiver will only be required to pay
such amount to the VM Payor if it is not prohibited
by statute, court order or other applicable law from
making such payment.
57 See Section 7(c)(vi) of the proposed Restated
Agreement.
58 Supra note 31.
59 Id.
60 The exchange of Variation Margin during a
joint liquidation is discussed above.
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to the Clearing Organization and unpaid
(which shall constitute losses); and (iii)
any reasonable costs, fees and expenses
incurred by the Clearing Organization in
connection therewith.61
The Clearing Organizations would
determine whether the sum of the
individual Net Gains and Net Losses
results in a combined Net Gain or Net
Loss. The Clearing Organizations would
then allocate any combined Net Gain or
Net Loss pro rata based on each Clearing
Organization’s ‘‘Share of the CrossMargining Requirement’’ 62 (its
‘‘Allocated Net Gain’’ or ‘‘Allocated Net
Loss,’’ as applicable).63
If a Clearing Organization has an
individual Net Gain that is less than its
Allocated Net Gain, an individual Net
Loss that is greater than its Allocated
Net Loss or an individual Net Loss
when the joint liquidation resulted in a
combined Net Gain (the ‘‘worse-off
party’’) then the other Clearing
Organization shall be required to pay to
the worse-off party an amount equal to
the difference between the worse-off
party’s individual Net Gain or Net Loss
and its Allocated Net Gain and
Allocated Net Loss.64
b. Buy-Out
As noted above, in the event a
Clearing Organization determines that
jointly transferring, liquidating, or
closing out the Relevant Positions is not
feasible or advisable, for example if a
Member’s portfolio has changed
materially since the last cross margin
calculation, any Clearing Organization
(‘‘X’’) may, upon written notice to the
other Clearing Organization (‘‘Y’’), offer
to buy-out the Relevant Positions at the
last settlement price for such positions
immediately prior to the time such offer
is made and any remaining collateral
relating thereto from Y (which Y may
accept or reject in its sole discretion).
The value of the remaining collateral
would reflect the last available price
based on market conditions, which for
FICC, would be obtained from its
pricing vendor(s). Upon reviewing
exposures of the defaulter’s portfolio,
the hedge or risk reduction that may be
achieved through a buy-out and
comparing the results to the available
61 Supra
note 31.
the proposed Restated Agreement, the
‘‘Share of the Cross-Margining Requirement’’ in
respect of a Clearing Organization is the ratio of (i)
the margin required for the Cross-Margining
Account at the Clearing Organization after taking
into account the Margin Reduction to (ii) the total
Cross-Margining Requirement across both Clearing
Organizations.
63 See Section 7(c)(ii) of the proposed Restated
Agreement.
64 See Section 7(c)(iii) of the proposed Restated
Agreement.
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risk budget, or defaulter’s margin, an
economic decision would be made in
consideration of a separate liquidation
option. If such a buy-out occurs, then Y
shall have no further obligations to X
with respect to the Default Event. For
the avoidance of doubt, the loss sharing
provisions set forth in Default
Management section of the Agreement
would not apply.65
the CME are proposing to eliminate this
priority which means that all margin
amounts calculated pursuant to the
proposed Restated Agreement would be
available to cover a Clearing
Organization’s losses. As a result of this
change, the proposed Restated
Agreement would not include the
priority provision nor the related
Appendix A.
c. Separate Liquidations
If a Clearing Organization determines
that it is not advisable or feasible to
resolve the Default Event pursuant to a
joint liquidation or a buy-out, it would
notify the other Clearing Organization.
In such event, each Clearing
Organization shall promptly transfer,
liquidate or otherwise close out the
Eligible Positions in the CrossMargining Account carried for the
Defaulting Member at that Clearing
Organization.66
The loss sharing provisions that
would be applicable under this separate
liquidation scenario would be as
follows:
• If, with respect to the CrossMargining Account of the Defaulting
Member, both Clearing Organizations
have a Net Gain or a Net Loss, no
payment will be due to either Clearing
Organization in respect of the
Guaranties between FICC and CME
referred to in Sections 8 and 9 of the
proposed Restated Agreement.67
• If either Clearing Organization has a
Net Loss (the ‘‘worse-off party’’) and the
other has a Net Gain (the ‘‘better-off
party’’), then the better-off party will
pay the worse-off party the lesser of the
Net Gain or the absolute value of the Net
Loss.68
The proposed Restated Agreement
would not retain language included in
the Existing Agreement covering the fact
that each Clearing Organization’s
calculation of Available Margin (as
defined in the Existing Agreement) for
loss sharing purposes is subject to such
Clearing Organization’s prior
satisfaction of its obligations under the
other cross-margining agreements and
loss sharing arrangements that it may
have listed on Appendix A.69 FICC and
Other Terms of the Proposed Restated
Agreement
The proposed Restated Agreement
also would continue to include a
number of other provisions intended to
either generally maintain the usual and
customary terms for an agreement of
this type included in the Existing
Agreement or update them to better
reflect the Clearing Organizations’
course of dealing and industry practices.
For example, similar to the Existing
Agreement,70 the proposed Restated
Agreement would include a
confidentiality provision reflecting each
Clearing Organization’s obligation not to
disclose to a third-party the other
Clearing Organization’s Confidential
Information except under certain
circumstances. Under the proposed
Restated Agreement, this provision
would be updated to reflect that the
Clearing Organizations’ confidentiality
obligations would survive three (3)
years after the termination of the
proposed Restated Agreement. In
addition, this provision would state that
an actual or threatened violation by a
Clearing Organization of its
confidentiality obligations would entitle
the other Clearing Organization to seek
immediate injunctive and other
equitable relief, without the necessity of
proving monetary damages or posting
bond or other security. The updated
confidentiality provision included in
the proposed Restated Agreement
(Section 10, Confidentiality) would
replace the similar provision in the
Existing Agreement.
Additionally, the proposed Restated
Agreement would retain the
indemnification provision included in
the Existing Agreement, but for
purposes of clarity and simplification,
would revise the language in that
section that describes the administrative
process between the Clearing
65 See Section 7(b)(ii) of the proposed Restated
Agreement.
66 See Section 7(b)(iii) of the proposed Restated
Agreement.
67 See Section 7(d) of the proposed Restated
Agreement.
68 See Sections 7(e) and (f) of the proposed
Restated Agreement. The proposed Restated
Agreement provides, however, that the better-off
party shall only be required to pay the amount of
such Net Loss to the worse-off party if it is not
prohibited by statute, court order or other
applicable law from making such payment.
69 See Appendix A to the Existing Agreement: (1)
with respect to the CME, the cross-margining
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agreement between the CME, The Options Clearing
Corporation (‘‘OCC’’) and New York Clearing
Corporation dated June 1993 as amended from time
to time; and (2) with respect to FICC, the
multilateral netting contract and limited crossguaranty agreement among The Depository Trust
Company, FICC, National Securities Clearing
Corporation and OCC dated January 1, 2003, supra
note 4.
70 See Section 9 of the Existing Agreement,
‘‘Confidentiality,’’ supra note 4.
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Organizations regarding notification and
control of the defense of an
indemnification claim.71
The proposed Restated Agreement
would include some revisions to the
language in the Existing Agreement and
would add a provision covering the
limitation of liability between FICC and
CME. Specifically, a clause would be
added to provide that, to the fullest
extent permitted under applicable law,
and other than with respect to a
Clearing Organization’s breach of its
confidentiality obligations, in no case
would either Clearing Organization be
liable to the other for any indirect,
consequential, incidental, punitive,
exemplary or special damages.72 The
purpose of this new provision is to
provide clear and specific terms
regarding each Clearing Organization’s
potential liability to the other for these
types of damages under the proposed
Restated Agreement.
The proposed Restated Agreement
would add certain usual and customary
provisions for an agreement of this type
that are not contained in the Existing
Agreement, including that (i) no remedy
conferred by any provision of the
proposed Restated Agreement is
intended to be exclusive of any other
remedy,73 (ii) no provision is intended,
expressly or by implication, to purport
to confer a benefit or right of action
upon a third-party,74 and (iii) each
Clearing Organization waives any right
it may have to a trial by jury with
respect to any litigation directly or
indirectly arising out of, under or in
connection with the proposed Restated
Agreement, or transactions
contemplated by it.75 Also, the
proposed Restated Agreement would
include updates to the relevant FICC
and CME contacts to whom notices
would be directed.
In order to simplify and improve its
structure, the proposed Restated
Agreement would consolidate into a
new separate section,76 language
addressing the fact that the proposed
Restated Agreement, together with GSD
Rules, CME Rules, the Clearing Member
Agreement and any other agreements
between FICC, CME and a CrossMargining Participant or any Affiliate
71 See Section 12(c) (Indemnification) of the
proposed Restated Agreement.
72 See Section 17 (Liability) of the proposed
Restated Agreement.
73 See Section 18(l) (Remedies Not Exclusive) of
the proposed Restated Agreement.
74 See Section 18(m) (No Third-Party
Beneficiaries) of the proposed Restated Agreement.
75 See Section 18(n) (Waiver of Jury Trial) of the
proposed Restated Agreement.
76 See Section 11 (FDICIA) of the proposed
Restated Agreement.
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thereof is, for purposes of Title IV,
Subtitle A of the Federal Deposit
Insurance Corporation Improvement Act
of 1991 (12 U.S.C. 4401–4407) a
‘‘netting contract.’’ This same language
is currently included in the Existing
Agreement but is broken out across
multiple sections. This provision would
also state that ‘‘all payments made or to
be made hereunder, including payments
made in accordance with this
Agreement in connection with the
liquidation of a Cross-Margining
Participant are ‘‘covered contractual
payment obligations’’ or ‘‘covered
contractual payment entitlements,’’ as
the case may be, as well as ‘‘covered
clearing obligations;’’ and for purposes
of the Bankruptcy Code and the Federal
Deposit Insurance Act is considered a
‘‘master netting agreement’’ with respect
to some or all of ‘‘swap agreements,’’
‘‘commodity contracts,’’ ‘‘forward
contracts,’’ and ‘‘securities contracts.’’ 77
Further, the proposed Restated
Agreement would remove the
arbitration clause included in the
Existing Agreement in its entirety.78
Instead, the proposed Restated
Agreement would add language to the
Governing Law provision stating
disputes under the agreement would be
resolved in the federal or state courts
located in New York, New York,
including the United States District
Court for the Southern District of New
York.79 FICC believes that New York
venue and forum are appropriate
because New York courts can more
efficiently and effectively adjudicate
disputes arising under an agreement
governed by New York law. In addition,
New York venue and forum is generally
consistent with FICC’s current approach
to dispute management.
B. Delayed Implementation of the
Proposal
The proposed rule change would
become operative within 180 business
days after the later date of the
Commission’s approval of this proposed
rule change, and the Commodity
Futures Trading Commission’s approval
of the CME’s proposed rule change
(collectively, the ‘‘Date of Regulatory
Approval’’). Not later than two (2)
business days following the date of the
Commission’s approval of this proposed
rule change, FICC would add a legend
to the proposed Restated Agreement to
state that the specified changes are
approved but not yet operative. The
77 Id.
78 See Section 16 of the Existing Agreement,
‘‘Arbitration,’’ supra note 4.
79 See Section 18(c) (Governing Law) of the
proposed Restated Agreement.
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legend would also include the file
numbers of the approved proposed rule
change, and would state that once
operative, the legend would
automatically be removed from the
proposed Restated Agreement. FICC will
issue a notice to members providing
notice of the specific operative date at
least two weeks prior to such date.
2. Statutory Basis
FICC believes that the proposed rule
change is consistent with section 17A of
the Act 80 and the rules thereunder
applicable to FICC. Section 17A(b)(3)(F)
of the Act, requires, in part, that the
rules of a clearing agency be designed to
assure the safeguarding of securities and
funds which are in the custody or
control of the clearing agency or for
which it is responsible.81 FICC is
proposing to replace the Existing
Agreement with the proposed Restated
Agreement. As described in the
discussion of the proposed changes to
the calculation of cross-margin
requirements above, the proposed
Restated Agreement would, among other
things, revise and enhance the method
for calculating the margin reduction that
would apply to a Cross-Margining
Participant’s Eligible Positions,
including requiring more frequent
exchange of Eligible Position
information between CME and FICC that
is used to collateralize risk exposures.
The proposed new methodology would
simplify the overall margin calculation
process by eliminating the need for
application of offset classes and the
conversion of CME Eligible Products
into equivalent GSD Treasury security
products. By enhancing the method for
calculating the margin reduction as
described above, FICC believes that a
more appropriate margin reduction
would be calculated. As such, FICC
believes that the proposed rule change
would assure the safeguarding of
securities and funds which are in the
custody and control of FICC or for
which it is responsible.82
In addition, as described in the
discussion of a joint liquidation above,
the proposed Restated Agreement would
enhance the efficiency of the default
management process between FICC and
CME by providing for the exchange of
Variation Margin under certain
circumstances during the course of a
liquidation and by improving the
efficiency and effectiveness of the
default management and loss sharing
process. By enhancing these processes,
FICC believes that overall default losses
80 15
U.S.C. 78q–1.
U.S.C. 78q–1(b)(3)(F).
81 15
82 Id.
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could be minimized and thereby reduce
the potential risk to non-defaulting
members. As such, FICC believes that
the proposed rule change would assure
the safeguarding of securities and funds
which are in the custody and control of
FICC or for which it is responsible.
Section 17A(b)(3)(F) of the Act
requires, among other things, that the
rules of a clearing agency be designed to
remove impediments to and perfect the
mechanism of a national system for the
prompt and accurate clearance and
settlement of securities transactions.83
FICC believes that the proposal is
consistent with this requirement for the
following reasons.
First, the proposal to amend the list
of CME products that would be eligible
for cross-margining would expand the
potential opportunity for cross-margin
benefits that Cross-Margining
Participants receive.
Second, the removal of the
operational details to an SLA would
streamline the proposed Restated
Agreement by removing information
that may not be relevant to the CrossMargining Participants and would place
this information in a separate document
that the Clearing Organizations can
more easily amend as their operational
needs evolve.
Third, the proposal to amend the
margin calculation would simplify the
calculation and provide transparency.
Fourth, the proposed liquidation
procedures and loss sharing
arrangements would provide
transparency into the steps that the
Clearing Organizations would take
during a liquidation and how gains and
losses would be allocated.
Fifth, the revisions to various
provisions throughout the proposed
Restated Agreement would update
provisions to ensure that they are
reflective of the current standards and
industry practices that each Clearing
Organization adheres to in the ordinary
course of business.
As such, given the foregoing, FICC
believes that the proposed rule change
is designed to remove impediments to
and perfect the mechanism of a national
system for the prompt and accurate
clearance and settlement of securities
transactions.84
Rule 17Ad–22(e)(6)(i) under the Act
requires a covered clearing agency to
establish a risk-based margin system
that, at a minimum considers, and
produces margin levels commensurate
with, the risks and particular attributes
of each relevant product, portfolio, and
market.85 As described above, the
proposed Restated Agreement would
revise and enhance the method for
calculating the margin reduction that
would apply to a Cross-Margining
Participant’s Eligible Positions,
including requiring more frequent
exchange of Eligible Position
information between CME and FICC that
is used to collateralize risk exposures.
The proposed new methodology would
simplify the overall margin calculation
process by eliminating the need for
application of offset classes and the
conversion of CME Eligible Products
into equivalent GSD Treasury security
products. By enhancing the method for
calculating the margin reduction as
described above, FICC believes that a
more appropriate margin reduction
would be calculated and reduce the
complexity of the calculations.
Accordingly, FICC believes the
proposed changes are reasonably
designed to establish a risk-based
margin system that, at a minimum
considers, and produces margin levels
commensurate with, the risks and
particular attributes of each relevant
product, portfolio, and market in a
manner consistent with Rule 17Ad–
22(e)(6)(i).86
As described above in the discussion
of a joint liquidation, FICC and CME
would agree to put in place a separate
SLA, which would include specified
timeframes, to exchange on each
Business Day, such information as may
reasonably be required in order to value
the positions in the Cross-Margining
Account and to calculate the CrossMargin Requirement for each CrossMargining Participant. The SLA would
also include operational processes
consistent with the default management
provisions set forth in the proposed
Restated Agreement. By agreeing to
share certain information as described
herein, FICC believes that each Clearing
Organization would be able to
effectively identify, monitor, and
manage risks that may be presented by
the proposed Restated Agreement.
Accordingly, FICC believes the
proposed changes are reasonably
designed to identify, monitor, and
manage risks related to the link
established between FICC and CME in a
manner consistent with Rule 17Ad–
22(e)(20) under the Act.87
(B) Clearing Agency’s Statement on
Burden on Competition
FICC believes that the proposed rule
change to replace the Existing
85 17
83 Id.
86 Id.
84 Id.
87 17
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Agreement with the Restated Agreement
could have an impact on competition.
Specifically, FICC believes that the
proposed changes could both burden
and promote competition because the
margin savings for the Cross-Margining
Participants (and therefore their margin
requirements) would change under the
proposed Restated Agreement. As noted
in the Executive Summary in Item 3(a)
above[sic], the margin savings under the
Existing Agreement range from 0.1% to
17.4%, whereas the study conducted by
FICC under the proposed Restated
Agreement showed margin savings in
the range of 0% to 36.6%. Some CrossMargining Participants could see an
increase in margin savings under the
proposed rule change and some could
see a decrease in margin savings under
the proposed rule change. When the
proposal results in decreased margin
savings and therefore higher margin
requirements, the proposed rule change
could burden competition for CrossMargining Participants that have lower
operating margins or higher costs of
capital compared to other Members.
When the proposal results in higher
margin savings and therefore lower
margin requirements, the proposed rule
change could promote competition by
resulting in lower operating costs and
capital efficiencies for Cross-Margining
Participants. FICC does not believe that
these impacts are significant because
based on FICC’s analysis, the proposal
would not result in a significant change
to the average margin requirement of
Cross-Margining Participants.
Regardless of whether the burden on
competition discussed above could be
deemed significant, FICC believes that
any related burden on competition
would be necessary and appropriate, as
permitted by section 17A(b)(3)(I) of the
Act, for the following reasons.88
FICC believes that any burden on
competition would be necessary in
furtherance of the Act, specifically
section 17A(b)(3)(F) of the Act.89 As
stated above, the proposed Restated
Agreement, would, among other things,
revise and enhance the method for
calculating the margin reduction that
would apply to a Cross-Margining
Participant’s Eligible Positions,
including requiring more frequent
exchange of Eligible Position
information between CME and FICC that
is used to collateralize risk exposure.
The proposed new methodology would
simplify the overall margin calculation
process by eliminating the need for
application of offset classes and the
conversion of CME Eligible Products
CFR 240.17Ad–22(e)(6)(i).
88 15
CFR 240.17Ad–22(e)(20).
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U.S.C. 78q–1(b)(3)(F).
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into equivalent GSD Treasury security
products. By enhancing the method for
calculating the margin reduction as
described above, FICC believes that a
more appropriate margin reduction
would be calculated. Therefore, FICC
believes this proposed change is
consistent with the requirements of
section17A(b)(3)(F) of the Act, which
requires that the Rules be designed to
assure the safeguarding of securities and
funds that are in FICC’s custody or
control or for which it is responsible.90
FICC believes the proposed rule
change would also support FICC’s
compliance with Rule 17Ad–22(e)(6)(i)
under the Act, which requires a covered
clearing agency to establish a risk-based
margin system that, at a minimum
considers, and produces margin levels
commensurate with, the risks and
particular attributes of each relevant
product, portfolio, and market.91 By
enhancing the method for calculating
the margin reduction as described
above, FICC believes that a more
appropriate margin reduction would be
calculated and would reduce the
complexity of the calculations.
Accordingly, FICC believes the
proposed changes are reasonably
designed to establish a risk-based
margin system that, at a minimum
considers, and produces margin levels
commensurate with, the risks and
particular attributes of each relevant
product, portfolio, and market in a
manner consistent with Rule 17Ad–
22(e)(6)(i).92
FICC also believes the proposed rule
change would support FICC’s
compliance with Rule 17Ad–22(e)(20)
under the Act.93 Specifically, as
described above, FICC and CME would
agree to put in place a separate SLA,
which would cover information
exchange between the two parties and
would also include operational
processes consistent with the default
management provisions set forth in the
proposed Restated Agreement. By
agreeing to the SLA, FICC believes that
it would be able to effectively identify,
monitor, and manage risks that may be
presented by the proposed Restated
Agreement. Accordingly, FICC believes
the proposed changes are reasonably
designed to identify, monitor, and
manage risks related to the link
established between FICC and CME in a
manner consistent with Rule 17Ad–
22(e)(20) under the Act.94
90 Id.
91 17
CFR 240.17Ad–22(e)(6)(i).
FICC believes that the abovedescribed burden on competition that
could be created by the proposed
changes would be appropriate in
furtherance of the Act because such
changes have been appropriately
designed to assure the safeguarding of
securities and funds which are in the
custody or control of FICC or for which
it is responsible, as described in detail
above. The proposed Restated
Agreement has been designed to allow
FICC to recognize the offsetting value of
positions maintained by CrossMargining Participants at the two
Clearing Organizations for margin
purposes by using a risk-based
margining approach that would produce
margin levels commensurate with, the
risks and particular attributes of each
relevant product, portfolio and market.
As such, by enhancing the method for
calculating the margin reduction as
described above, FICC believes the
proposal is appropriately designed to
meet its risk management goals and its
regulatory obligations.
Therefore, as described above, FICC
believes the proposed changes are
necessary and appropriate in
furtherance of FICC’s obligations under
the Act, specifically section 17A(b)(3)(F)
of the Act 95 and Rule 17Ad–22(e)(6)(i)
and Rule 17Ad–22(e)(20) under the
Act.96
(C) Clearing Agency’s Statement on
Comments on the Proposed Rule
Change Received From Members,
Participants or Others
FICC has not received or solicited any
written comments relating to this
proposal. If any written comments are
received, they will be publicly filed as
an Exhibit 2 to this filing[sic], as
required by Form 19b–4 and the General
Instructions thereto. Persons submitting
comments are cautioned that, according
to Section IV (Solicitation of Comments)
of the Exhibit 1A in the General
Instructions to Form 19b–4, the
Commission does not edit personal
identifying information from comment
submissions. Commenters should
submit only information that they wish
to make available publicly, including
their name, email address, and any
other identifying information.
All prospective commenters should
follow the Commission’s instructions on
how to submit comments, available at
https://www.sec.gov/regulatory-actions/
how-to-submitcomments. General
questions regarding the rule filing
process or logistical questions regarding
this filing should be directed to the
92 Id.
93 17
CFR 240.17Ad–22(e)(20).
95 15
94 Id.
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17:16 Jul 27, 2023
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U.S.C. 78q–1(b)(3)(F).
CFR 240.Ad–22(e)(6)(i), (e)(20).
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Main Office of the Commission’s
Division of Trading and Markets at
tradingandmarkets@sec.gov or 202–
551–5777. FICC reserves the right to not
respond to any comments received.
III. Date of Effectiveness of the
Proposed Rule Change and Timing for
Commission Action
Within 45 days of the date of
publication of this notice in the Federal
Register or within such longer period
up to 90 days (i) as the Commission may
designate if it finds such longer period
to be appropriate and publishes its
reasons for so finding or (ii) as to which
the self-regulatory organization
consents, the Commission will:
(A) by order approve or disapprove
such proposed rule change, or
(B) institute proceedings to determine
whether the proposed rule change
should be disapproved.
IV. Solicitation of Comments
Interested persons are invited to
submit written data, views, and
arguments concerning the foregoing,
including whether the proposed rule
change is consistent with the Act.
Comments may be submitted by any of
the following methods:
Electronic Comments
• Use the Commission’s internet
comment form (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml) or
• Send an email to rule-comments@
sec.gov. Please include File Number SR–
FICC–2023–010 on the subject line.
Paper Comments
• Send paper comments in triplicate
to Secretary, Securities and Exchange
Commission, 100 F Street NE,
Washington, DC 20549–1090.
All submissions should refer to File
Number SR–FICC–2023–010. This file
number should be included on the
subject line if email is used. To help the
Commission process and review your
comments more efficiently, please use
only one method. The Commission will
post all comments on the Commission’s
internet website (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml). Copies of the
submission, all subsequent
amendments, all written statements
with respect to the proposed rule
change that are filed with the
Commission, and all written
communications relating to the
proposed rule change between the
Commission and any person, other than
those that may be withheld from the
public in accordance with the
provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be
available for website viewing and
printing in the Commission’s Public
E:\FR\FM\28JYN1.SGM
28JYN1
Federal Register / Vol. 88, No. 144 / Friday, July 28, 2023 / Notices
Reference Room, 100 F Street NE,
Washington, DC 20549, on official
business days between the hours of
10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. Copies of the
filing also will be available for
inspection and copying at the principal
office of FICC and on DTCC’s website
(dtcc.com/legal/sec-rule-filings).
Do not include personal identifiable
information in submissions; you should
submit only information that you wish
to make available publicly. We may
redact in part or withhold entirely from
publication submitted material that is
obscene or subject to copyright
protection. All submissions should refer
to File Number SR–FICC–2023–010 and
should be submitted on or before
August 18, 2023.
For the Commission, by the Division of
Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated
authority.97
Sherry R. Haywood,
Assistant Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2023–15981 Filed 7–27–23; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
[Release No. 34–97964; File No. SR–
PEARL–2023–31]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; MIAX
Pearl LLC; Notice of Filing and
Immediate Effectiveness of a Proposed
Rule Change To Amend the MIAX Pearl
Equities Fee Schedule
July 24, 2023.
lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with NOTICES1
Pursuant to section 19(b)(1) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
(‘‘Act’’),1 and Rule 19b–4 thereunder,2
notice is hereby given that on July 11,
2023, MIAX PEARL, LLC (‘‘MIAX Pearl’’
or ‘‘Exchange’’) filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission
(‘‘Commission’’) a proposed rule change
as described in Items I, II and III below,
which Items have been prepared by the
Exchange. The Commission is
publishing this notice to solicit
comments on the proposed rule change
from interested persons.
I. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Terms of Substance of
the Proposed Rule Change
The Exchange is filing a proposal to
amend the fee schedule (‘‘Fee
Schedule’’) applicable to MIAX Pearl
Equities, an equities trading facility of
the Exchange.
The text of the proposed rule change
is available on the Exchange’s website at
97 17
CFR 200.30–3(a)(12).
U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
2 17 CFR 240.19b–4.
1 15
VerDate Sep<11>2014
17:16 Jul 27, 2023
Jkt 259001
https://www.miaxglobal.com/markets/
us-equities/pearl-equities/rule-filings, at
MIAX Pearl’s principal office, and at the
Commission’s Public Reference Room.
II. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
Change
In its filing with the Commission, the
Exchange included statements
concerning the purpose of and basis for
the proposed rule change and discussed
any comments it received on the
proposed rule change. The text of these
statements may be examined at the
places specified in Item IV below. The
Exchange has prepared summaries, set
forth in sections A, B, and C below, of
the most significant aspects of such
statements.
A. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
Change
1. Purpose
The Exchange proposes to amend the
Fee Schedule to: (1) reduce the rebate
for executions of orders in securities
priced at or above $1.00 per share that
add displayed liquidity to the Exchange
(‘‘Added Displayed Volume’’); (2)
increase the fees applicable to the
Remove Volume Tiers 3 for executions
of orders in securities priced at or above
$1.00 per share that remove liquidity
from the Exchange (‘‘Removed
Volume’’); and (3) adopt new Liquidity
Indicator Codes and for executions of
orders in all securities that remove
Retail Orders 4 from the Exchange
(displayed and non-displayed
liquidity).5 The Exchange originally
filed this proposal on June 30, 2023
(SR–PEARL–2023–29). On July 11,
2023, the Exchange withdrew SR–
PEARL–2023–29 and refiled this
proposal.
Proposal To Reduce the Rebate for
Added Displayed Volume in Securities
Priced at or Above $1.00 per Share
The Exchange proposes to reduce the
standard rebate for executions of orders
Fee Schedule, Section 1)d).
‘‘Retail Order’’ is an agency or riskless
principal order that meets the criteria of FINRA
Rule 5320.03 that originates from a natural person
and is submitted to the Exchange by a Retail
Member Organization, provided that no change is
made to the terms of the order with respect to price
or side of market and the order does not originate
from a trading algorithm or any other computerized
methodology. See Exchange Rule 2626(a)(2).
5 The Exchange notes that it is not adopting new
fees for these types of transactions. The Exchange
proposes to adopt the new Liquidity Indicator
Codes, as described below, for purposes of
clarification in the Fee Schedule.
PO 00000
3 See
4A
Frm 00152
Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
48937
in securities priced at or above $1.00 per
share that add displayed liquidity to the
Exchange. Currently, the Exchange
provides a standard rebate of ($0.0029) 6
per share for executions of Added
Displayed Volume in all Tapes. The
Exchange now proposes to reduce the
standard rebate for executions of Added
Displayed Volume in securities priced
at or above $1.00 per share from
($0.0029) to ($0.0027) per share for all
Tapes.7 Accordingly, the Exchange
proposes to amend Section 1)a),
Standard Rates, to reflect this proposed
change and amend Section 1)b),
Liquidity Indicator Codes and
Associated Fees, to reflect the
corresponding changes to the applicable
Liquidity Indicator Codes, AA, AB and
AC. The Exchange notes that executions
of orders in securities priced below
$1.00 per share for Added Displayed
Volume on the Exchange will continue
to receive the standard rebate applicable
to such executions (i.e., 0.15% of the
total dollar value of the transaction).
The purpose of reducing the standard
rebate for executions of Added
Displayed Volume is for business and
competitive reasons in light of recent
volume growth on the Exchange. The
Exchange notes that despite the modest
reduction proposed herein, the
proposed standard rebate for executions
of Added Displayed Volume (i.e.,
($0.0027) per share) remains higher
than, and competitive with, the
standard rebates provided by other
exchanges for executions of orders in
securities priced at or above $1.00 per
share that add displayed liquidity to
those exchanges.8
Proposal To Increase the Fees for the
Remove Volume Tiers
Next, the Exchange proposes to
amend Section 1)d) of the Fee Schedule
to increase the fees applicable to
executions of orders in securities priced
at or above $1.00 per share that qualify
for the reduced fees of the Exchange’s
Remove Volume Tiers. Currently,
Section 1)d) of the Fee Schedule
provides reduced fees for executions of
6 Rebates are indicated by parentheses. See the
General Notes section of the Fee Schedule.
7 See Fee Schedule, Section 1)a), Standard Rates,
for the standard pricing for executions of Added
Displayed Volume, among other rates.
8 See e.g., NYSE Arca Equities Fee Schedule,
available at https://www.nyse.com/publicdocs/
nyse/markets/nyse-arca/NYSE_Arca_Marketplace_
Fees.pdf (providing standard rebates of $0.0020 per
share (Tapes A and C) and $0.0016 per share (Tape
B) for adding displayed liquidity in securities
priced at or above $1.00 per share); see also Cboe
BZX Equities Fee Schedule, available at https://
www.cboe.com/us/equities/membership/fee_
schedule/bzx/ (providing a standard rebate of
$0.0016 per share for adding displayed liquidity in
securities priced at or above $1.00 per share).
E:\FR\FM\28JYN1.SGM
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Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 88, Number 144 (Friday, July 28, 2023)]
[Notices]
[Pages 48926-48937]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2023-15981]
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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
[Release No. 34-97969; File No. SR-FICC-2023-010]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; Fixed Income Clearing Corporation;
Notice of Filing of Proposed Rule Change To Amend and Restate the
Cross-Margining Agreement between FICC and CM
July 24, 2023.
Pursuant to section 19(b)(1) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
(``Act''),\1\ and Rule 19b-4 thereunder,\2\ notice is hereby given that
on July 17, 2023, Fixed Income Clearing Corporation (``FICC'') filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission (``Commission'') the
proposed rule change as described in Items I, II and III below, which
Items have been prepared primarily by FICC. The Commission is
publishing this notice to solicit comments on the proposed rule change
from interested persons.
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\1\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
\2\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4.
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I. Clearing Agency's Statement of the Terms of Substance of the
Proposed Rule Change
The proposed rule change consists of a proposed Amended and
Restated Cross-Margining Agreement (the ``Restated Agreement'') between
FICC and the Chicago Mercantile Exchange
[[Page 48927]]
Inc. (``CME,'' collectively FICC and CME are referred to herein as the
``Clearing Organizations'' or ``Parties''). The proposed Restated
Agreement would replace the current Cross-Margining Agreement between
the Parties (the ``Existing Agreement'') \3\ in its entirety and would
be incorporated into the FICC Government Securities Division (``GSD'')
Rulebook (``GSD Rules''). The proposed rule change does not require any
changes to the text of the GSD Rules.\4\ The proposed Restated
Agreement was attached to this filing as Exhibit 5[sic].\5\
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\3\ See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 49003 (Dec. 29,
2003), 69 FR 712 (Jan. 6, 2004) (SR-FICC-2003-10). For subsequent
amendments to the Existing Agreement, see Securities Exchange Act
Release Nos. 50790 (Dec. 3, 2004), 69 FR 71456 (Dec. 9, 2004) (SR-
FICC-2004-16); 51178 (Feb. 9, 2005), 70 FR 7982 (Feb. 16, 2005) (SR-
FICC-2005-03); 55217 (Jan. 31, 2007), 72 FR 5774 (Feb. 7, 2007) (SR-
FICC-2006-16); 59498 (Mar. 4, 2009), 74 FR 10321 (Mar. 10, 2009)
(SR-FICC-2009-01); 63986 (Feb. 28, 2011), 76 FR 12144 (Mar. 4, 2011)
(SR-FICC-2010-09); and 72396 (June 16, 2014), 79 FR 35400 (June 20,
2014) (SR-FICC-2014-04).
\4\ The Existing Agreement is incorporated in the GSD Rules
available at www.dtcc.com/legal/rules-and-procedures.aspx. Unless
otherwise specified, capitalized terms not defined herein shall have
the meanings ascribed to them in the GSD Rules, which includes the
Existing Agreement.
\5\ Proposed Amended and Restated Cross-Margining Agreement by
Fixed Income Clearing Corporation and Chicago Mercantile Exchange
Inc.
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II. Clearing Agency's Statement of the Purpose of, and Statutory Basis
for, the Proposed Rule Change
In its filing with the Commission, the clearing agency included
statements concerning the purpose of and basis for the proposed rule
change and discussed any comments it received on the proposed rule
change. The text of these statements may be examined at the places
specified in Item IV below. The clearing agency has prepared summaries,
set forth in sections A, B, and C below, of the most significant
aspects of such statements.
(A) Clearing Agency's Statement of the Purpose of, and Statutory Basis
for, the Proposed Rule Change
1. Purpose
Executive Summary
Generally, the purpose of a cross-margining arrangement between two
clearing organizations is to recognize the offsetting value of
positions maintained by a member (or a member and its affiliate) at the
two clearing organizations for margin purposes. Any resulting margin
reductions create capital efficiencies for common members.
With regard to its cross-margining arrangement with CME, FICC is
proposing to replace the Existing Agreement with the Restated
Agreement, which would be incorporated into the GSD Rules. The purpose
of the proposed Restated Agreement is to expand the scope and
efficiency of the margin offsets that are available to clearing members
of the two Clearing Organizations under the Existing Agreement, thus
reducing their margin costs and allowing for more efficient capital
usage by members. It would also streamline the default management and
loss sharing processes by making clear that a joint liquidation would
be the preferred method used by the Clearing Organizations in the event
of a member default.
The key aspects of the proposed Restated Agreement are as follows
(and are described in more detail below):
Member participation: Participation in the cross-margining
arrangement would continue to be voluntary and the criteria for
participation under the proposed Restated Agreement would remain the
same as it is under the Existing Agreement.\6\
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\6\ Currently cross-margining is only available for house
(proprietary accounts) of CME clearing members that are also GSD
Netting Members (either directly or through an affiliate).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Eligible products: Additional CME products would become
eligible under the proposed Restated Agreement,\7\ allowing for greater
potential margin offsets.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\7\ CME will add products to the proposed Restated Agreement as
discussed in more detail below.
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Calculation of margin and margin reductions: The proposed
Restated Agreement, would simplify the overall margin calculation
process by eliminating the need for application of offset classes of
securities and conversion of CME Eligible Products into equivalent GSD
Treasury security products.\8\ As a result, FICC believes, based on
portfolio specific construction and market conditions, that these
changes should generate margin savings in excess of those under the
Existing Agreement. For example, based on a study comparing margin
savings generated under the Existing Agreement and under the proposed
Restated Agreement over the December 1, 2021 to November 30, 2022
period,\9\ margin savings went from a range of 0.1% to 17.4% under the
Existing Agreement, to a range of 0% to 36.6% under the proposed
Restated Agreement.\10\
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\8\ References herein to ``offset classes'' refers to the
grouping of securities by maturity for purposes of comparing those
securities to CME Eligible Products whose price volatility is
sufficiently correlated to determine whether long and short
positions could be offset for purposes of determining margin
requirements. Moving to security-level offsets would simplify the
margin calculation process by removing the need to define and work
with categories of securities.
\9\ The study covered fifteen current Cross-Margining
Participants' actual eligible FICC portfolios and simulated CME
futures portfolios. FICC notes that margin savings will vary based
on portfolio specific construction and market conditions.
\10\ FICC notes, however, that cross-margining-related margin
requirements account for only nineteen (19) percent of total margin
requirements on average. FICC provided its analysis of the potential
effects on margin requirements to the Commission in a confidential
Exhibit 3 to File No. SR-FICC-2023-010. FICC provided responses to
specific questions raised by Commission staff with regard to the
conceptual review of margin reduction mechanics (e.g., the
applicable margin model, impact of proposed changes), the potential
effect on other margin add-on charges, and how FICC intends to model
Treasury futures. FICC also provided information pertaining to
minimum and maximum margin reduction thresholds, potential effects
of the proposed changes to margin calculations, and model
backtesting.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Default management: Under the Existing Agreement, there is
no express language requiring the Parties to attempt to conduct a joint
liquidation. Whereas the proposed Restated Agreement would make clear
that a joint liquidation is the preferred means of liquidation of
cross-margining positions in the event of a member default. A joint
liquidation is optimal because it maximizes the efficiency and
effectiveness of the liquidation process by enabling each Clearing
Organization to recognize reduced risk by offsetting risk positions
together. The proposed Restated Agreement would also provide for the
possible exchange of variation margin during the course of a joint
liquidation. The exchange of variation margin during the course of a
joint liquidation would be an improvement because instead of using
other liquidity resources, it would enable a Party that has a mark-to-
market loss arising out of cross-margining positions to use the
variation margin gains on offsetting cross-margining positions held by
the other Clearing Organization. The Existing Agreement has no such
provisions and they would be added to improve the efficiency of the
default management process.
FICC believes that the proposed expansion of the scope of CME
Eligible Products (as defined below) available for cross-margining, the
expansion of the scope and efficiency of the margin offsets that would
be available to Cross-Margining Participants,\11\ and the
[[Page 48928]]
improvement in the efficiency and effectiveness of the default
management process would enhance the cross-margining arrangement
between FICC and CME. FICC believes that these enhancements would
encourage greater utilization of centralized clearing, thereby
facilitating systemic risk reduction.
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\11\ Pursuant to the proposed Restated Agreement, ``Cross-
Margining Participant'' means a Joint Clearing Member that has
become, or a Clearing Member that is part of a pair of affiliated
Clearing Members each of which has become, a participant in the
cross-margining arrangement between FICC and CME established
pursuant to the proposed Restated Agreement. In the latter case, the
term ``Cross-Margining Participant'' shall, where the context
requires, refer collectively to the pair of Cross-Margining
Affiliates.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Background
The Existing Agreement establishes a cross-margining arrangement
\12\ that allows FICC to consider the net risk of a participant's
related eligible positions at FICC and CME when setting margin
requirements of such positions.\13\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\12\ Cross-margining arrangements are addressed in GSD Rule 43,
supra note 4.
\13\ See Section 5 of the Existing Agreement, ``Calculation of
the Cross-Margining Reduction,'' supra note 4.
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FICC proposes to enter into the proposed Restated Agreement which
would, among other things, (i) generally expand the list of CME
Eligible Products \14\ available for cross-margining; (ii) remove
certain existing appendices to the Existing Agreement that describe
operational calculations and margin examples, and instead establish
procedures to be included in a separate service level agreement,
including certain other processes covering default management and
changes to the lists of CME Eligible Products and FICC Eligible
Products; (iii) revise and expand the scope and efficiency for
calculating the margin reduction that would apply to a Cross-Margining
Participant's Eligible Positions, including requiring more frequent
exchange of Eligible Position information between CME and FICC that is
used to collateralize risk exposures; (iv) add provisions describing
default management in terms of (x) what steps would be taken in the
event of a joint or separate liquidation of Defaulting Member's
Eligible Positions, and (y) the exchange between the Parties of
``Variation Margin'' during the course of a joint liquidation (as
defined in the proposed Restated Agreement) and loss sharing; and (v)
revise certain other provisions that relate to the Clearing
Organizations' contractual obligations to one another.\15\
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\14\ See Exhibit A of the proposed Restated Agreement, ``CME
Eligible Products.'' The CME Eligible Products are the following:
CBT 26 2-year T-Note Futures, CBT 3YR 3-year T-Notes Futures, CBT 25
5-Year T-Note Futures, CBT 21 10-year T-Note Futures, CBT 17 U.S.
Treasury Bond Futures, CBT TN Ultra Ten-Year T-Note Futures, CBT UBE
Ultra U.S. Treasury Bond Futures, CBT TWE 20-Year U.S. Treasury Bond
Futures, CBT 41 30 Day Federal Funds Futures, CME ED Eurodollar
Futures, CME 1-Month Eurodollar Futures, CME SR1 One-Month SOFR
Futures, CME SR3 Three-Month SOFR Futures. Id. Of the foregoing, the
following CME products would be newly eligible under the Restated
agreement: CBT 3YR 3-year T-Notes Futures, CBT TN Ultra Ten-Year T-
Note Futures, CBT UBE Ultra U.S. Treasury Bond Futures, CBT TWE 20-
Year U.S. Treasury Bond Futures, CBT 41 30 Day Federal Funds
Futures, CME SR1 One-Month SOFR Futures, and CME SR3 Three-Month
SOFR Futures. As noted above, certain Agency futures have not been
used in the current arrangement and will not be carried into the
proposed Restated Agreement. Specifically, the following CME
products would no longer be eligible: the ``Five Year Agency'' and
``Ten Year Agency'' Futures identified in Appendix B of the Existing
Agreement.
\15\ These provisions include, but are not limited to, the
confidentiality provisions and removing the arbitration provision.
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Key Terms of the Existing Agreement
For purposes of additional background, the following is an overview
of the key terms of the Existing Agreement.
1. Daily Margin Calculation
Under the Existing Agreement, the cross-margining calculation is
not based upon FICC's VaR model. Rather, FICC and CME each separately
hold and manage its own positions and collateral and independently
determine the amount of margin that it would make available for cross-
margining (after they each first conduct their own internal offsets).
Once each Business Day, FICC and CME exchange files with respect to
their members' positions that are eligible for cross-margining. FICC
computes the amount by which a member's margin requirement can be
reduced, by comparing that member's Eligible Positions and related
margin requirements at GSD against those at CME. FICC and CME may then
each reduce the amount of collateral that they collect to reflect the
offsets between the Cross-Margining Participant's positions at FICC and
its (or its Affiliate's) positions at CME.\16\ Currently, the
calculation of the offsets each Clearing Organization applies relies
upon a methodology for the conversion of CME Eligible Products into
equivalent GSD Treasury security products, as well as the use of
minimum margin factors to measure interest rate exposure.
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\16\ See Section 5 of the Existing Agreement, ``Calculation of
the Cross-Margining Reduction,'' supra note 4.
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Additionally, the Clearing Organizations limit the potential margin
reductions from cross-margining. Specifically, they apply a
Disallowance Factor to a given CME and GSD Offset Class (an ``Offset
Class'' being a grouping of securities by maturity).\17\ Based on these
Disallowance Factors, margin offsets are determined for each Offset
Class. The sum of these margin offsets provides the member's Cross-
Margining Reduction) at CME and at GSD.\18\
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\17\ FICC and CME agree on the applicable Disallowance Factors
from time to time. Examples of Disallowance Factor tables are
included in Exhibit B of the Existing Agreement.
\18\ Pursuant to the Existing Agreement, FICC and CME
unilaterally have the right to (1) not reduce a Cross-Margining
Participant's margin requirement by the Cross-Margining Reduction or
(2) reduce it by less than the Cross-Margining Reduction. However,
the Clearing Organizations may not reduce a Cross-Margining
Participant's margin requirement by more than the Cross-Margining
Reduction. See Section 5 of the Existing Agreement, ``Calculation of
the Cross-Margining Reduction,'' supra note 4.
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2. The Cross-Margining Guaranty and Reimbursement Obligation
As would also be the case under the proposed Restated Agreement,
under the Existing Agreement, CME agrees to guaranty certain
performance obligations of a Cross-Margining Participant to FICC, and
FICC agrees to guaranty certain performance obligations of a Cross-
Margining Participant to CME. These cross-margining Guaranties \19\ are
necessary to facilitate the Cross-Margining Arrangement and represent
contractual commitments that each Clearing Organization has to the
other.\20\ Specifically, CME and FICC guarantee the Cross-Margining
Participant's performance of its obligations to the other Clearing
Corporation up to the amount of the member's Cross-Margining
Reduction.\21\ There is also a corresponding obligation of the Cross-
Margining Participant to reimburse a Clearing Organization for any
amounts paid under these Guaranties, which obligation is collateralized
by the positions and margin of such Cross-Margining Participant held by
the guarantor (CME or FICC, as applicable).
[[Page 48929]]
The provisions in the Existing Agreement covering the cross-margining
Guaranties and the Cross-Margining Participant's Reimbursement
Obligation would remain the same under the proposed Restated
Agreement.\22\
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\19\ Pursuant to the Existing Agreement, ``Guaranty'' is defined
as ``the obligation of FICC to CME, or of CME to FICC, as in effect
at a particular time with respect to a particular Cross-Margining
Participant as set forth in Sections 8A and 8B of this Agreement.
The term ``Guaranties'' refers to both the Guaranty of CME to FICC
and the Guaranty of FICC to CME [. . .].'' See Section 1 of the
Existing Agreement, ``Definitions,'' supra note 4.
\20\ See Section 8A, ``Guaranty of FICC to CME,'' and Section 8B
``Guaranty of CME to FICC,'' of the Existing Agreement.
\21\ Pursuant to the Existing Agreement, ``Cross-Margining
Reduction'' is defined as ``the maximum amount by which a Cross-
Margining Participant's margin requirement at one Clearing
Organization may be reduced (irrespective of the amount by which it
is actually reduced) as calculated in accordance with Section 5 of
this Agreement. The Cross-Margining Reduction at each Clearing
Organization is equal to the sum of the Margin Offsets at that
Clearing Organization. There will always be a specified Cross-
Margining Reduction that one Clearing Organization could be required
to pay the other Clearing Organization. See Section 1 of the
Existing Agreement, ``Definitions,'' supra note 4.
\22\ The ``Reimbursement Obligation'' is defined under the
Existing Agreement as ``the obligation, as set forth in Section 7(h)
of this Agreement, of a Cross-Margining Participant to a Clearing
Organization that is obligated to make a payment on behalf of such
Cross-Margining Participant or its Cross-Margining Affiliate
pursuant to a Guaranty.''
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3. Member Default Event
Under the Existing Agreement, there is no express language
requiring the CME and FICC to conduct a joint liquidation at each
Clearing Organization. However, there is language that provides that
unless one of the Parties has elected to not liquidate, FICC and CME
are required to use reasonable efforts to coordinate the liquidation of
the positions covered by the Cross-Margining Arrangement so that
offsetting or hedged positions can be closed out simultaneously.\23\
There are also provisions covering the sharing of losses by CME and
FICC in accordance with the terms of the cross-margining
Guaranties.\24\ The allocation of losses depends upon whether, as to
each Party, the liquidation results in a Cross Margin Gain or Cross
Margin Loss. A narrative description of the loss sharing process is set
forth in Appendix I of the Existing Agreement titled, ``Loss Sharing
Process.'' Additionally, after any payments are made pursuant to the
Guaranties and loss sharing arrangement described above, if one of the
Clearing Organizations computes an Aggregate Net Surplus, and the other
an Aggregate Net Loss, the Existing Agreement includes an obligation
for the Clearing Organization with the surplus to make a ``Maximization
Payment'' \25\ to the other Clearing Organization. There is also an
associated ``Maximization Reimbursement Obligation'' \26\ of the
Defaulting Member to the Clearing Organization that is obligated to
make a Maximization Payment. This provision enables excess collateral
of a Defaulting Member to initially remain with the Clearing
Organizations, if needed, to cover losses.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\23\ Section 7(a) of the Existing Agreement, ``Suspension and
Liquidation of a Cross Margining Participant,'' states in pertinent
part that, ``Except to the extent that one Clearing Organization has
determined unilaterally not to liquidate, FICC and CME shall use
reasonable efforts to coordinate the liquidation of the Used
Positions so that offsetting or hedged positions can be closed out
simultaneously.''
\24\ See Sections 8A, ``Guaranty of FICC to CME'' and 8B,
``Guaranty of CME to FICC,'' of the Existing Agreement, supra note
4.
\25\ Pursuant to the Existing Agreement, ``Maximization
Payment'' means the additional payment(s), if any, that are required
to be made by FICC to CME, or vice versa, pursuant to Section 8C of
this Agreement after payments are made under the Guaranty. See
Section 8C of the Existing Agreement, ``Maximization Payment,''
supra note 4.
\26\ Pursuant to the Existing Agreement, ``Maximization
Reimbursement Obligation'' means the obligation, as set forth in
Section 8C(d), of a Cross-Margining Participant to a Clearing
Organization that is obligated to make a Maximization Payment on
behalf of such Cross-Margining Participant or its Cross-Margining
Affiliate pursuant to a Maximization Payment Guaranty. Id.
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A. The Proposed Restated Agreement
Overview
As noted above, FICC proposes to enter into the proposed Restated
Agreement with CME. The proposed Restated Agreement is primarily
designed to, among other things, (i) expand the scope of CME Eligible
Products, (ii) expand the scope and efficiency of the margin offsets
that are available to Cross-Margining Participants, thus allowing for
more efficient capital usage; (iii) improve the efficiency and
effectiveness of the default management and loss sharing process; and
(iv) as a result of such enhancements, further encourage greater
utilization of centralized clearing, thereby facilitating systemic risk
reduction. The material provisions of the proposed Restated Agreement
are described in detail below.
Key Elements of the Proposed Restated Agreement
Proposal To Expand the List of CME Eligible Products
Pursuant to the proposed Restated Agreement, the list of CME
products eligible for cross-margining would be amended to include an
expanded list of interest rate futures that are cleared by CME.\27\
Under the Existing Agreement, the interest rate futures and options
contracts eligible for cross-margining are Eurodollar contracts listed
on CME and certain U.S. Treasury contracts listed on the Chicago Board
of Trade Incorporated (``CBOT'').\28\ FICC understands that the purpose
of the change in CME Eligible Products is to provide Cross-Margining
Participants cross-margin benefits that better align with today's CME
Interest Rates futures market structure. The original list of CME's
product set does not include several CME Interest Rate futures
contracts which have now become benchmark products for hedging in the
broader U.S. Treasury Markets, for example the CBT TN Ultra Ten-Year T-
Note Futures and the CBT UBE Ultra U.S. Treasury Bond Futures. The list
would be expanded to include additional U.S. Treasury futures, which
have been added to CME's suite of U.S. Treasury products since the
Existing Agreement was established, and SOFR futures (which CME
launched as a complement to and eventual replacement for Eurodollar
futures). The list of FICC Eligible Products \29\ would be comprised of
U.S. Treasury securities which refers to Treasury notes and bonds, and
would be set forth on Exhibit B to the proposed Restated Agreement,
titled ``FICC Eligible Products.''
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\27\ See footnote 12 and Exhibit A (CME Eligible Products) of
the proposed Restated Agreement.
\28\ Supra note 4.
\29\ See Exhibit B (FICC Eligible Products) of the proposed
Restated Agreement. In the Existing Agreement, certain Agencies are
also included, but these products have been rarely used in the
current arrangement and will not be carried into the proposed
Restated Agreement. Specifically, the following FICC products will
no longer be eligible for cross-margining with CME products:
Treasury bills (maturity of one year or less) and Treasury
Inflation-Protected Securities (TIPS).
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FICC and CME would each establish on their books and records a
``Cross-Margining Account'' \30\ for each participating member that
would identify for their respective member the transactions, positions
and margin that are subject to the proposed Restated Agreement.\31\
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\30\ Pursuant to the proposed Restated Agreement, ``Cross-
Margining Account'' means with respect to a Clearing Member of FICC,
the transactions, positions and margin maintained in the Account (as
defined in the GSD Rules) at FICC that are identified in FICC's
books and records as being subject to the proposed Restated
Agreement, and, with respect to a Clearing Member of CME, means a
cross-margining account that is carried on the books of CME for such
Clearing Member that is limited to the transactions, positions and
margin of the Proprietary Accounts of such Clearing Member that are
subject to the proposed Restated Agreement.
\31\ See Section 1, ``Definitions.'' of the proposed Restated
Agreement.
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Proposal To Establish a Separate Service Level Agreement
The proposed Restated Agreement also would include provisions
intended to improve the procedures, information sharing, and documented
steps covering the default management process between the Parties.
Specifically, under the proposed Restated Agreement, Section 6(a)
(Daily Procedures for Exchange of Portfolio Cross-Margining Data), FICC
and CME would agree to put in place a separate service level agreement
between the Parties (``SLA''), which would include specified
timeframes, to exchange on each day on which trading in Eligible
Products is conducted and on which FICC and CME both conduct money
settlements (referred to as a ``Business Day''), such information as
may reasonably be required in order to value the positions in the
Cross-Margining Accounts and to
[[Page 48930]]
calculate the Cross-Margin Requirement for each Cross-Margining
Participant.\32\ The SLA would also include operational processes
consistent with the default management provisions set forth in the
proposed Restated Agreement. The Parties would update the SLA as their
operational needs evolve over time.
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\32\ FICC provided the SLA in a confidential Exhibit 3 to File
No. SR-FICC-2023-010.
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Further, in order to streamline and ensure coordination between the
Clearing Organizations regarding any changes to the products eligible
for cross-margining, the SLA would include the process and criteria
under which FICC or CME may make a request to the other Clearing
Organization to modify its list of CME Eligible Products or FICC
Eligible Products, as applicable. Such process would include that only
those products that do not require a change to FICC's or CME's margin
model would be permitted to be subject to this process,\33\ and that
any modifications would require the mutual written consent of both
Parties.
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\33\ Proposed changes that require a margin model change would
require an amendment to the proposed Restated Agreement and
regulatory review and approval, as applicable.
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The SLA would replace certain appendices \34\ to the Existing
Agreement, which would no longer be applicable under the terms of the
proposed Restated Agreement. Operational processes and related
information would instead be incorporated into the SLA, which would
reflect the process changes necessitated by the proposed changes to the
calculation of the cross-margin requirements and loss sharing
arrangements under the proposed Restated Agreement (described below).
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\34\ The specific Appendices to be removed from the Existing
Agreement in accordance with these proposed changes are: Appendix B
(Example of Disallowance Factor Schedule Applicable to CME Eligible
Products and FICC Eligible Products); Appendix C1 (CME Calculation
Process to Convert Eurodollar Futures and Options into Treasury Cash
Equivalents and to Determine the Applicable CME Offset Classes);
Appendix C2 (Conversion of Futures Contracts into Treasury
Equivalents); Appendix F (Methodology for Allocation of Margin Based
on Order of Increasing Disallowances); Appendix G (Computation of
Cross-Margin Reduction); Appendix H (Data Elements to Be Provided by
CME and Returned by FICC); Appendix I (Loss Sharing Process);
Appendix J (Examples of Loss Sharing Process); and Appendix K
(Timing of the Effectiveness of the Base Amount of the Guaranty).
See Existing Agreement, supra note 4.
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Proposed Changes to the Calculation of Cross-Margin Requirements
The proposed Restated Agreement would adopt a different methodology
applicable to the daily calculation of a Cross-Margining Participant's
Cross-Margin Requirements. The purpose of the proposed changes is to
expand the scope and efficiency of the margin offsets that are
available to clearing members of GSD and CME under the Existing
Agreement, thus reducing their margin costs and allowing for more
efficient capital usage. This is because by including new Eligible
Products, such as Ultras and 20-Year Treasury Futures, CME and FICC are
able to reduce the risk exposure at more points of the interest rate
curve. The greater margin efficiency is realized by using the security
level sensitivity to calculate the VaR charge, instead of what is done
today, which is to use the net market value of the Eligible Products in
a similar maturity bucket. The proposed new methodology, which is based
on offsetting Eligible Positions at FICC and CME, would also simplify
the overall margin calculation process by eliminating the need to group
securities by maturity and the conversion of CME Eligible Products into
equivalent GSD Treasury security products to facilitate such
grouping.\35\
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\35\ Grouping securities by maturity along with the conversion
of products may, in some cases, previously have resulted in
overestimating the margin credit that should be provided to a Cross-
Margining Participant because such grouping and conversion of
products is less precise than measuring risk at the individual
security level. However, such overestimation of margin credit is no
longer an issue under the Existing Agreement, as it has been
previously addressed by FICC through a process of daily surveillance
in which any instances of any excess margin credits are identified
and remediated, prior to submission to the Cross-Margining
Participant of their margin reduction amount. FICC provided its
assessment of the excess margin credit issue as well as a
description of how it remediated the issue in a confidential Exhibit
3 to File No. SR-FICC-2023-010.
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Under the Existing Agreement in order to determine the amount of
margin it collects, each Clearing Organization separately manages its
own positions and collateral, and independently determines the
``Residual Margin Amount'' that remains after each Clearing
Organization conducts its own internal offsets.\36\ This process
requires each Clearing Organization to apply Offset Classes and convert
its Eligible Products into equivalent Eligible Products of the other
Clearing Organization. The proposed Restated Agreement, in contrast,
would provide that FICC and CME each treat a participant's relevant
products as a single portfolio (the ``Combined Portfolio'').\37\
Treatment as a Combined Portfolio provides the ability for the Clearing
Organizations to assess risk at a security level and eliminates the
need to use separate margin calculations and apply offset classes and
conversions of Eligible Products.
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\36\ See Section 5 of the Existing Agreement, ``Calculation of
the Cross-Margining Reduction,'' supra note 4.
\37\ See Section 4(a) of the proposed Restated Agreement
(Calculation of Cross-Margining Requirements).
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The proposed Restated Agreement would provide that FICC and CME
would independently determine the percentage of margin savings that
would be derived for a Cross-Margining Account \38\ as if it was a
Combined Portfolio. First, pursuant to Section 4(a) of the proposed
Restated Agreement, each Clearing Organization would calculate the
difference between the sum of the (x) ``Stand-Alone Margin
Requirements'' \39\ for the CME Eligible Products and FICC Eligible
Products, and (y) the Combined Portfolio of CME Eligible Products and
FICC Eligible Products. Based on the above, each Clearing Organization
would determine the percentage of margin savings that would be derived
by it by margining the Combined Portfolio.
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\38\ Id. Also, FICC would utilize the same Value-at Risk
(``VaR'') calculation method for the FICC Eligible Positions (see
GSD Rule 4, supra note 4) and the CME Eligible Position (i.e., the
same VaR engine for the cash positions and the futures positions).
\39\ Pursuant to the proposed Restated Agreement, ``Stand-Alone
Margin Requirement'' means, as to each Clearing Organization, the
margin requirement that such Clearing Organization would calculate
with respect to a Cross-Margining Account it carries as if
calculated by such Clearing Organization without regard to this
Agreement or another cross-margining agreement.'' FICC would
calculate this requirement using a its VaR methodology, applying it
also to the standalone CME portfolio, and the Combined Portfolio.
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Second, the Clearing Organizations would compare their respective
margin savings percentages with one another, and, if the lesser of such
margin savings percentage exceeds the minimum margin offset threshold
\40\ agreed by the Clearing Organizations, each Clearing Organization
would reduce the amount of margin required to be deposited by a Cross-
Margining Participant by the lower of such margin savings percentages
(referred to as the Cross-Margining Participant's ``Margin
Reduction''). If the respective margin savings percentages of both
Clearing Organizations are less than the agreed
[[Page 48931]]
upon margin offset threshold, no Margin Reduction would be applied.\41\
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\40\ The Clearing Organizations would set the initial margin
offset threshold at 1% (which may be subject to change) to prevent
any negatively correlated portfolios and/or portfolios with little
to no correlation to receive cross-margin benefit, which requires
the operational coordination between the two Clearing Organizations
in the event of Member default, and they would reserve the right to
amend the threshold from time to time. Changes to the minimum margin
offset threshold would be subject the requirements of the Clearing
Agency Model Risk Management Framework, which addresses review of
margin methodologies, such as the model that would be used for the
proposed Restated Agreement.
\41\ Supra note 36.
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Lastly, the Parties would agree that the Cross-Margin Requirement
with respect to a Cross-Margining Participant may not be changed
without the consent of both Clearing Organizations. Further, CME and
FICC would agree to cause CME Eligible Products and FICC Eligible
Products, respectively, to be cross-margined solely pursuant to the
proposed Restated Agreement, and neither CME nor FICC would permit such
Eligible Products to be subject to any other cross-margining
arrangement.\42\ This feature will prevent underlying Eligible Products
from being double-counted to reduce margin in another cross-margining
program or account, and ensure that each Clearing Organization will
have the appropriate amount of margin to satisfy obligations if a
default occurs.
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\42\ See Section 4(b) of the proposed Restated Agreement
(Calculation of Cross-Margining Requirements).
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Proposed Changes Related to Default Management
1. The Liquidation Process--Overview
Like the Existing Agreement, the proposed Restated Agreement would
provide that either FICC or CME may at any time exercise any rights
under its Rules to terminate, suspend or otherwise cease to act for or
limit the activities of a Cross-Margining Participant (a ``Defaulting
Member''). Upon such event (a ``Default Event''), the Clearing
Organization that has taken the foregoing actions (referred to as the
``Liquidating CO'') would be required to immediately notify the other
Clearing Organization (referred to for purposes of this provision of
the proposed Restated Agreement as the ``other Clearing Organization'')
of the actions it has taken.\43\ Under the Existing Agreement, absent
certain exceptions, both Clearing Organizations are required to
promptly and prudently liquidate Eligible Positions of the Defaulting
Member. However, in contrast to the Existing Agreement, the proposed
Restated Agreement would provide a different approach to the
liquidation process by delineating a sequence of coordinated steps the
Clearing Organizations are required to take depending upon whether or
not the other Clearing Organization elects to treat the Cross-Margining
Participant as a Defaulting Member under its Rules. The objective of
this proposed new approach is to improve the efficiency and
effectiveness of the default management process and lead to greater
coordination between the Clearing Organizations.
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\43\ See Section 7(a) of the proposed Restated Agreement
(Suspension and Liquidation of Cross-Margining Participant).
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One Clearing Organization Elects To Treat the Member as a Defaulting
Member and the Other Clearing Organization Does Not
The proposed Restated Agreement includes provisions to cover the
scenario where one Clearing Organization (the ``Liquidating CO'')
elects to treat the Cross-Margining Participant as a Defaulting Member,
and the other Clearing Organization (the Non-Liquidating CO'') does
not.\44\ Generally, the Non-Liquidating CO would provide the
Liquidating CO with cash to cover the margin reduction provided under
the proposed Restated Agreement. The purpose of such cash payment is to
align the Defaulting Member's margin resources with its exposures at
the Liquidating CO.
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\44\ Id.
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Specifically, the Non-Liquidating CO would be obligated to require
the Defaulting Member to pay the Non-Liquidating CO in immediately
available funds the sum of (x) its Margin Reduction at the Liquidating
CO, and (y) its Margin Reduction at the Non-Liquidating CO, within one
hour of demand. If the Non-Liquidating CO receives this payment in full
from the Defaulting Member or otherwise, such as from the Non-
Liquidating CO, within such timeframe, the Non-Liquidating CO would be
required, within one hour of such receipt, to pay the Liquidating CO in
immediately available funds the Defaulting Member's Margin Reduction at
the Liquidating CO. After the Non-Liquidating CO makes such payment in
full, then, it would have no further obligations to the Liquidating CO
with respect to the Default Event. If the Non-Liquidating CO does not
receive this payment in full from the Defaulting Member or otherwise,
within one hour of such receipt or other agreed upon timeframe, then
the Non-Liquidating CO would cease to act for the Defaulting Member,
and the provisions of the proposed Restated Agreement pertaining to the
scenario where both Clearing Organizations treat the Member as a
Defaulting Member (discussed immediately below) would apply.\45\
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\45\ Id.
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3. Both Clearing Organizations Elect To Treat the Member as a
Defaulting Member
If both Clearing Organizations determine to treat the Cross-
Margining Participant as a Defaulting Member, there are three possible
liquidation routes under the proposed Restated Agreement the Clearing
Organizations can take regarding a Defaulting Member. The following
liquidation alternatives would be determined after evaluating the
portfolio exposure, resources, hedging cost and approved through DTCC's
default management governance process.
First, the Clearing Organizations would attempt in good faith to
conduct a joint liquidation in which the Parties jointly transfer,
liquidate or close out the Eligible Positions in the Cross-Margining
Accounts carried for the Defaulting Member (the ``Relevant
Positions'').\46\
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\46\ See Section 7(b)(i) of the proposed Restated Agreement.
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Second, in the event a Clearing Organization determines that
jointly transferring, liquidating or closing out the Relevant Positions
is not feasible or advisable, the proposed Restated Agreement provides
that either Clearing Organization may offer to buy-out the Relevant
Positions, and any remaining collateral relating thereto, at the last
settlement price for such positions immediately prior to the time such
offer is made.\47\
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\47\ See Section 7(b)(ii) of the proposed Restated Agreement.
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Finally, if a Clearing Organization determines that it is not
advisable or feasible to resolve the Default Event pursuant to the
first or second options above, the proposed Restated Agreement provides
that it shall so notify the other Clearing Organization. In such event,
each Clearing Organization would promptly transfer, liquidate or
otherwise close out the Eligible Positions in the Cross-Margining
Account carried for the Defaulting Member at that Clearing
Organization.\48\
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\48\ See Section 7(b)(iii) of the proposed Restated Agreement.
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Each of the foregoing liquidation routes is described in detail
below.
a. Joint Liquidation
A joint liquidation is optimal because it maximizes the efficiency
and effectiveness of the liquidation process by enabling each Clearing
Organization to recognize reduced risk by liquidating offsetting risk
positions together. To the extent there is a joint liquidation, the
proposed Restated Agreement provides for an exchange of variation
margin during the course of the liquidation and loss sharing following
liquidation. The exchange of variation margin during the liquidation
process would be designed to address scenarios in which either CME or
FICC has a payment obligation arising out of cross-margin positions
[[Page 48932]]
that could be covered by the variation margin gains on offsetting
cross-margin positions held by the other Clearing Organization. The
Existing Agreement has no such provisions, and they would be added to
the proposed Restated Agreement to improve the efficiency of the
default management process. Following liquidation, payments made as
part of a cross-guaranty between FICC and CME would be designed to
minimize total credit losses across the Clearing Organizations related
to cross-margin positions. The Existing Agreement also includes a
cross-guaranty and loss-sharing provisions but is determined based upon
a significantly more complex formula for calculating closeout gains and
losses post-liquidation than are included in the proposed Restated
Agreement.
VM Margin: The exchange of Variation Margin \49\ during the joint
liquidation process under certain circumstances would be as follows:
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\49\ The proposed Restated Agreement defines ``Variation
Margin'' to mean, with respect to the Cross-Margining Account of a
Defaulting Member, the amounts owed to or by the Defaulting Member,
as applicable, by or to a Clearing Organization due to the mark-to-
market movement arising from or related to the positions in the
Defaulting Member's Cross-Margining Account at CME or the Defaulting
Member's Cross-Margin Positions at FICC from the time immediately
prior to a Default Event until the time the liquidation of a
Defaulting Member is complete for both CME and FICC. See Section 1
(Definitions) of the proposed Restated Agreement.
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If, on any Business Day during the liquidation of a
Defaulting Member, a Clearing Organization has a Cross-Margin VM Gain
\50\ and an Other VM Gain \51\ with respect to a Defaulting Member
(such Clearing Organization being the ``VM Payor''), and the other
Clearing Organization has a Cross-Margin VM Loss with respect to a
Defaulting Member (such Clearing Organization being the ``VM
Receiver''), the proposed Restated Agreement provides that the VM Payor
would make a payment to the VM Receiver in the amount of the VM
Receiver's Cross-Margin VM Loss, but not to exceed the VM Payor's
Cross-Margin VM Gain. The proposed Restated Agreement provides,
however, that the VM Payor will not be required to make such payment to
the extent it reasonably determines that the liquidation of the
Defaulting Member will result in a loss to it following liquidation
\52\ or that the VM Receiver will be limited by statute, court order or
other applicable law from making the payment.\53\
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\50\ The proposed Restated Agreement defines ``Cross-Margin VM
Gain'' or ``Cross-Margin VM Loss'' to mean, with respect to the
Cross-Margining Account of a Defaulting Member, the amounts owed to
or by the Defaulting Member, as applicable, by or to a Clearing
Organization due to the mark-to-market movement arising from or
related to the positions in the Defaulting Member's Cross-Margining
Account at CME or the Defaulting Member's Cross-Margin Positions at
FICC. See Section 1 (Definitions) of the proposed Restated
Agreement.
\51\ The proposed Restated Agreement defines ``Other VM Gain''
or ``Other VM Loss'' to mean, (x) with respect to a Defaulting
Member of FICC, the amounts owed to or by the Defaulting Member, as
applicable, by or to FICC due to the Funds-Only Settlement payments
(as defined in the GSD Rules) arising from or related to the mark-
to-market movement of the portion of the Defaulting Member's GSD
Accounts that does not include the positions in the Cross-Margining
Account at FICC; and (y) with respect to a Defaulting Member of CME,
the amounts owed to or by the Defaulting Member, as applicable, by
or to CME arising from or related to the mark-to-market movement of
the positions (excluding positions in IRS Contracts (as defined
under CME's Rules)) or positions that are commingled with positions
in IRS Contracts pursuant to CME Rule 8G831 in the Defaulting
Member's accounts (but excluding its Cross-Margining Account) at
CME. See Section 1 ``Definitions'' of the proposed Restated
Agreement.
\52\ See discussion of ``Net Loss'' below.
\53\ See Section 7(c)(v)(1) of the proposed Restated Agreement.
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If, on any Business Day during the liquidation of a
Defaulting Member, a Clearing Organization has a Cross-Margin VM Gain
and an Other VM Loss (such Clearing Organization being the ``VM
Payor'') and the sum of these amounts is positive (hereinafter
``Aggregate VM Gain''), and the other Clearing Organization has a
Cross-Margin VM Loss with respect to a Defaulting Member (such Clearing
Organization being the ``VM Receiver''), the proposed Restated
Agreement provides that the VM Payor will make a payment to the VM
Receiver in the amount of the VM Receiver's Cross-Margin VM Loss, but
not to exceed the VM Payor's Aggregate VM Gain unless the Clearing
Organizations otherwise agree that the VM Payor shall pay a higher
amount. The proposed Restated Agreement provides, however, that the VM
Payor will not be required to make such payment to the extent it
reasonably determines that the liquidation of the Defaulting Member
will result in a loss to it following liquidation or that the VM
Receiver will be limited by statute, court order or other applicable
law from making the payment.\54\
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\54\ See Section 7(c)(v)(2) of the proposed Restated Agreement.
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If, on any Business Day during the liquidation of a
Defaulting Member, a Clearing Organization has a Cross-Margin VM Gain
and an Other VM Loss with respect to a Defaulting Member and the sum of
these two amounts is negative, and the other Clearing Organization has
a Cross-Margin VM Loss with respect to the Defaulting Member, the
proposed Restated Agreement states that neither Clearing Organization
will be required to make a payment unless otherwise agreed to by the
Parties.\55\
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\55\ See Section 7(c)(v)(3) of the proposed Restated Agreement.
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Following the liquidation of a Defaulting Member, the VM Receiver
must repay any variation margin payments it received from the VM
Payor.\56\ Such repayment obligation, however, shall be netted and
offset against the VM Payor's payment obligation pursuant to the loss
sharing provisions in Section 7 of the Agreement, discussed immediately
below.\57\
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\56\ A VM Receiver will only be required to pay such amount to
the VM Payor if it is not prohibited by statute, court order or
other applicable law from making such payment.
\57\ See Section 7(c)(vi) of the proposed Restated Agreement.
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Loss Sharing: The sharing of losses following a joint liquidation
would be calculated under the proposed Restated Agreement as follows:
Each Clearing Organization would calculate its individual
``Net Gain'' or individual ``Net Loss,'' if any, taking into account
solely its individual ``Collateral on Hand'' and its individual
``Liquidation Cost.'' These terms have specific meanings in the
proposed Restated Agreement as follows:
[cir] The proposed Restated Agreement defines ``Net Gain'' or ``Net
Loss'' to mean, with respect to the Cross-Margining Account of a
Defaulting Member held at a Clearing Organization, the sum of the (i)
Collateral on Hand; and (ii) Liquidation Cost. If such amount is a
positive number, a Clearing Organization shall be deemed to have a
``Net Gain'' with respect to the relevant account and if such amount is
a negative number, a ``Net Loss.'' \58\
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\58\ Supra note 31.
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[cir] The proposed Restated Agreement defines ``Collateral on
Hand'' to mean the margin held with respect to the Cross-Margining
Account of a Defaulting Member immediately prior to the time at which
the Default Event occurred.\59\
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\59\ Id.
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[cir] The proposed Restated Agreement defines ``Liquidation Cost''
to mean the aggregate gain or loss realized in the liquidation,
transfer, or management of Eligible Positions held by the Clearing
Organization in the Cross-Margining Account of the Defaulting Member,
including, without limitation, (i) any Variation Margin \60\ owed to
the Defaulting Member by the Clearing Organization and unpaid (which
shall constitute gains); (ii) any Variation Margin owed by the
Defaulting Member
[[Page 48933]]
to the Clearing Organization and unpaid (which shall constitute
losses); and (iii) any reasonable costs, fees and expenses incurred by
the Clearing Organization in connection therewith.\61\
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\60\ The exchange of Variation Margin during a joint liquidation
is discussed above.
\61\ Supra note 31.
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The Clearing Organizations would determine whether the sum of the
individual Net Gains and Net Losses results in a combined Net Gain or
Net Loss. The Clearing Organizations would then allocate any combined
Net Gain or Net Loss pro rata based on each Clearing Organization's
``Share of the Cross-Margining Requirement'' \62\ (its ``Allocated Net
Gain'' or ``Allocated Net Loss,'' as applicable).\63\
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\62\ Under the proposed Restated Agreement, the ``Share of the
Cross-Margining Requirement'' in respect of a Clearing Organization
is the ratio of (i) the margin required for the Cross-Margining
Account at the Clearing Organization after taking into account the
Margin Reduction to (ii) the total Cross-Margining Requirement
across both Clearing Organizations.
\63\ See Section 7(c)(ii) of the proposed Restated Agreement.
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If a Clearing Organization has an individual Net Gain that is less
than its Allocated Net Gain, an individual Net Loss that is greater
than its Allocated Net Loss or an individual Net Loss when the joint
liquidation resulted in a combined Net Gain (the ``worse-off party'')
then the other Clearing Organization shall be required to pay to the
worse-off party an amount equal to the difference between the worse-off
party's individual Net Gain or Net Loss and its Allocated Net Gain and
Allocated Net Loss.\64\
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\64\ See Section 7(c)(iii) of the proposed Restated Agreement.
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b. Buy-Out
As noted above, in the event a Clearing Organization determines
that jointly transferring, liquidating, or closing out the Relevant
Positions is not feasible or advisable, for example if a Member's
portfolio has changed materially since the last cross margin
calculation, any Clearing Organization (``X'') may, upon written notice
to the other Clearing Organization (``Y''), offer to buy-out the
Relevant Positions at the last settlement price for such positions
immediately prior to the time such offer is made and any remaining
collateral relating thereto from Y (which Y may accept or reject in its
sole discretion). The value of the remaining collateral would reflect
the last available price based on market conditions, which for FICC,
would be obtained from its pricing vendor(s). Upon reviewing exposures
of the defaulter's portfolio, the hedge or risk reduction that may be
achieved through a buy-out and comparing the results to the available
risk budget, or defaulter's margin, an economic decision would be made
in consideration of a separate liquidation option. If such a buy-out
occurs, then Y shall have no further obligations to X with respect to
the Default Event. For the avoidance of doubt, the loss sharing
provisions set forth in Default Management section of the Agreement
would not apply.\65\
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\65\ See Section 7(b)(ii) of the proposed Restated Agreement.
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c. Separate Liquidations
If a Clearing Organization determines that it is not advisable or
feasible to resolve the Default Event pursuant to a joint liquidation
or a buy-out, it would notify the other Clearing Organization. In such
event, each Clearing Organization shall promptly transfer, liquidate or
otherwise close out the Eligible Positions in the Cross-Margining
Account carried for the Defaulting Member at that Clearing
Organization.\66\
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\66\ See Section 7(b)(iii) of the proposed Restated Agreement.
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The loss sharing provisions that would be applicable under this
separate liquidation scenario would be as follows:
If, with respect to the Cross-Margining Account of the
Defaulting Member, both Clearing Organizations have a Net Gain or a Net
Loss, no payment will be due to either Clearing Organization in respect
of the Guaranties between FICC and CME referred to in Sections 8 and 9
of the proposed Restated Agreement.\67\
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\67\ See Section 7(d) of the proposed Restated Agreement.
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If either Clearing Organization has a Net Loss (the
``worse-off party'') and the other has a Net Gain (the ``better-off
party''), then the better-off party will pay the worse-off party the
lesser of the Net Gain or the absolute value of the Net Loss.\68\
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\68\ See Sections 7(e) and (f) of the proposed Restated
Agreement. The proposed Restated Agreement provides, however, that
the better-off party shall only be required to pay the amount of
such Net Loss to the worse-off party if it is not prohibited by
statute, court order or other applicable law from making such
payment.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The proposed Restated Agreement would not retain language included
in the Existing Agreement covering the fact that each Clearing
Organization's calculation of Available Margin (as defined in the
Existing Agreement) for loss sharing purposes is subject to such
Clearing Organization's prior satisfaction of its obligations under the
other cross-margining agreements and loss sharing arrangements that it
may have listed on Appendix A.\69\ FICC and the CME are proposing to
eliminate this priority which means that all margin amounts calculated
pursuant to the proposed Restated Agreement would be available to cover
a Clearing Organization's losses. As a result of this change, the
proposed Restated Agreement would not include the priority provision
nor the related Appendix A.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\69\ See Appendix A to the Existing Agreement: (1) with respect
to the CME, the cross-margining agreement between the CME, The
Options Clearing Corporation (``OCC'') and New York Clearing
Corporation dated June 1993 as amended from time to time; and (2)
with respect to FICC, the multilateral netting contract and limited
cross-guaranty agreement among The Depository Trust Company, FICC,
National Securities Clearing Corporation and OCC dated January 1,
2003, supra note 4.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Other Terms of the Proposed Restated Agreement
The proposed Restated Agreement also would continue to include a
number of other provisions intended to either generally maintain the
usual and customary terms for an agreement of this type included in the
Existing Agreement or update them to better reflect the Clearing
Organizations' course of dealing and industry practices. For example,
similar to the Existing Agreement,\70\ the proposed Restated Agreement
would include a confidentiality provision reflecting each Clearing
Organization's obligation not to disclose to a third-party the other
Clearing Organization's Confidential Information except under certain
circumstances. Under the proposed Restated Agreement, this provision
would be updated to reflect that the Clearing Organizations'
confidentiality obligations would survive three (3) years after the
termination of the proposed Restated Agreement. In addition, this
provision would state that an actual or threatened violation by a
Clearing Organization of its confidentiality obligations would entitle
the other Clearing Organization to seek immediate injunctive and other
equitable relief, without the necessity of proving monetary damages or
posting bond or other security. The updated confidentiality provision
included in the proposed Restated Agreement (Section 10,
Confidentiality) would replace the similar provision in the Existing
Agreement.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\70\ See Section 9 of the Existing Agreement,
``Confidentiality,'' supra note 4.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Additionally, the proposed Restated Agreement would retain the
indemnification provision included in the Existing Agreement, but for
purposes of clarity and simplification, would revise the language in
that section that describes the administrative process between the
Clearing
[[Page 48934]]
Organizations regarding notification and control of the defense of an
indemnification claim.\71\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\71\ See Section 12(c) (Indemnification) of the proposed
Restated Agreement.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The proposed Restated Agreement would include some revisions to the
language in the Existing Agreement and would add a provision covering
the limitation of liability between FICC and CME. Specifically, a
clause would be added to provide that, to the fullest extent permitted
under applicable law, and other than with respect to a Clearing
Organization's breach of its confidentiality obligations, in no case
would either Clearing Organization be liable to the other for any
indirect, consequential, incidental, punitive, exemplary or special
damages.\72\ The purpose of this new provision is to provide clear and
specific terms regarding each Clearing Organization's potential
liability to the other for these types of damages under the proposed
Restated Agreement.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\72\ See Section 17 (Liability) of the proposed Restated
Agreement.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The proposed Restated Agreement would add certain usual and
customary provisions for an agreement of this type that are not
contained in the Existing Agreement, including that (i) no remedy
conferred by any provision of the proposed Restated Agreement is
intended to be exclusive of any other remedy,\73\ (ii) no provision is
intended, expressly or by implication, to purport to confer a benefit
or right of action upon a third-party,\74\ and (iii) each Clearing
Organization waives any right it may have to a trial by jury with
respect to any litigation directly or indirectly arising out of, under
or in connection with the proposed Restated Agreement, or transactions
contemplated by it.\75\ Also, the proposed Restated Agreement would
include updates to the relevant FICC and CME contacts to whom notices
would be directed.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\73\ See Section 18(l) (Remedies Not Exclusive) of the proposed
Restated Agreement.
\74\ See Section 18(m) (No Third-Party Beneficiaries) of the
proposed Restated Agreement.
\75\ See Section 18(n) (Waiver of Jury Trial) of the proposed
Restated Agreement.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
In order to simplify and improve its structure, the proposed
Restated Agreement would consolidate into a new separate section,\76\
language addressing the fact that the proposed Restated Agreement,
together with GSD Rules, CME Rules, the Clearing Member Agreement and
any other agreements between FICC, CME and a Cross-Margining
Participant or any Affiliate thereof is, for purposes of Title IV,
Subtitle A of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act
of 1991 (12 U.S.C. 4401-4407) a ``netting contract.'' This same
language is currently included in the Existing Agreement but is broken
out across multiple sections. This provision would also state that
``all payments made or to be made hereunder, including payments made in
accordance with this Agreement in connection with the liquidation of a
Cross-Margining Participant are ``covered contractual payment
obligations'' or ``covered contractual payment entitlements,'' as the
case may be, as well as ``covered clearing obligations;'' and for
purposes of the Bankruptcy Code and the Federal Deposit Insurance Act
is considered a ``master netting agreement'' with respect to some or
all of ``swap agreements,'' ``commodity contracts,'' ``forward
contracts,'' and ``securities contracts.'' \77\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\76\ See Section 11 (FDICIA) of the proposed Restated Agreement.
\77\ Id.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Further, the proposed Restated Agreement would remove the
arbitration clause included in the Existing Agreement in its
entirety.\78\ Instead, the proposed Restated Agreement would add
language to the Governing Law provision stating disputes under the
agreement would be resolved in the federal or state courts located in
New York, New York, including the United States District Court for the
Southern District of New York.\79\ FICC believes that New York venue
and forum are appropriate because New York courts can more efficiently
and effectively adjudicate disputes arising under an agreement governed
by New York law. In addition, New York venue and forum is generally
consistent with FICC's current approach to dispute management.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\78\ See Section 16 of the Existing Agreement, ``Arbitration,''
supra note 4.
\79\ See Section 18(c) (Governing Law) of the proposed Restated
Agreement.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
B. Delayed Implementation of the Proposal
The proposed rule change would become operative within 180 business
days after the later date of the Commission's approval of this proposed
rule change, and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission's approval of
the CME's proposed rule change (collectively, the ``Date of Regulatory
Approval''). Not later than two (2) business days following the date of
the Commission's approval of this proposed rule change, FICC would add
a legend to the proposed Restated Agreement to state that the specified
changes are approved but not yet operative. The legend would also
include the file numbers of the approved proposed rule change, and
would state that once operative, the legend would automatically be
removed from the proposed Restated Agreement. FICC will issue a notice
to members providing notice of the specific operative date at least two
weeks prior to such date.
2. Statutory Basis
FICC believes that the proposed rule change is consistent with
section 17A of the Act \80\ and the rules thereunder applicable to
FICC. Section 17A(b)(3)(F) of the Act, requires, in part, that the
rules of a clearing agency be designed to assure the safeguarding of
securities and funds which are in the custody or control of the
clearing agency or for which it is responsible.\81\ FICC is proposing
to replace the Existing Agreement with the proposed Restated Agreement.
As described in the discussion of the proposed changes to the
calculation of cross-margin requirements above, the proposed Restated
Agreement would, among other things, revise and enhance the method for
calculating the margin reduction that would apply to a Cross-Margining
Participant's Eligible Positions, including requiring more frequent
exchange of Eligible Position information between CME and FICC that is
used to collateralize risk exposures. The proposed new methodology
would simplify the overall margin calculation process by eliminating
the need for application of offset classes and the conversion of CME
Eligible Products into equivalent GSD Treasury security products. By
enhancing the method for calculating the margin reduction as described
above, FICC believes that a more appropriate margin reduction would be
calculated. As such, FICC believes that the proposed rule change would
assure the safeguarding of securities and funds which are in the
custody and control of FICC or for which it is responsible.\82\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\80\ 15 U.S.C. 78q-1.
\81\ 15 U.S.C. 78q-1(b)(3)(F).
\82\ Id.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
In addition, as described in the discussion of a joint liquidation
above, the proposed Restated Agreement would enhance the efficiency of
the default management process between FICC and CME by providing for
the exchange of Variation Margin under certain circumstances during the
course of a liquidation and by improving the efficiency and
effectiveness of the default management and loss sharing process. By
enhancing these processes, FICC believes that overall default losses
[[Page 48935]]
could be minimized and thereby reduce the potential risk to non-
defaulting members. As such, FICC believes that the proposed rule
change would assure the safeguarding of securities and funds which are
in the custody and control of FICC or for which it is responsible.
Section 17A(b)(3)(F) of the Act requires, among other things, that
the rules of a clearing agency be designed to remove impediments to and
perfect the mechanism of a national system for the prompt and accurate
clearance and settlement of securities transactions.\83\ FICC believes
that the proposal is consistent with this requirement for the following
reasons.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\83\ Id.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
First, the proposal to amend the list of CME products that would be
eligible for cross-margining would expand the potential opportunity for
cross-margin benefits that Cross-Margining Participants receive.
Second, the removal of the operational details to an SLA would
streamline the proposed Restated Agreement by removing information that
may not be relevant to the Cross-Margining Participants and would place
this information in a separate document that the Clearing Organizations
can more easily amend as their operational needs evolve.
Third, the proposal to amend the margin calculation would simplify
the calculation and provide transparency.
Fourth, the proposed liquidation procedures and loss sharing
arrangements would provide transparency into the steps that the
Clearing Organizations would take during a liquidation and how gains
and losses would be allocated.
Fifth, the revisions to various provisions throughout the proposed
Restated Agreement would update provisions to ensure that they are
reflective of the current standards and industry practices that each
Clearing Organization adheres to in the ordinary course of business.
As such, given the foregoing, FICC believes that the proposed rule
change is designed to remove impediments to and perfect the mechanism
of a national system for the prompt and accurate clearance and
settlement of securities transactions.\84\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\84\ Id.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rule 17Ad-22(e)(6)(i) under the Act requires a covered clearing
agency to establish a risk-based margin system that, at a minimum
considers, and produces margin levels commensurate with, the risks and
particular attributes of each relevant product, portfolio, and
market.\85\ As described above, the proposed Restated Agreement would
revise and enhance the method for calculating the margin reduction that
would apply to a Cross-Margining Participant's Eligible Positions,
including requiring more frequent exchange of Eligible Position
information between CME and FICC that is used to collateralize risk
exposures. The proposed new methodology would simplify the overall
margin calculation process by eliminating the need for application of
offset classes and the conversion of CME Eligible Products into
equivalent GSD Treasury security products. By enhancing the method for
calculating the margin reduction as described above, FICC believes that
a more appropriate margin reduction would be calculated and reduce the
complexity of the calculations. Accordingly, FICC believes the proposed
changes are reasonably designed to establish a risk-based margin system
that, at a minimum considers, and produces margin levels commensurate
with, the risks and particular attributes of each relevant product,
portfolio, and market in a manner consistent with Rule 17Ad-
22(e)(6)(i).\86\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\85\ 17 CFR 240.17Ad-22(e)(6)(i).
\86\ Id.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
As described above in the discussion of a joint liquidation, FICC
and CME would agree to put in place a separate SLA, which would include
specified timeframes, to exchange on each Business Day, such
information as may reasonably be required in order to value the
positions in the Cross-Margining Account and to calculate the Cross-
Margin Requirement for each Cross-Margining Participant. The SLA would
also include operational processes consistent with the default
management provisions set forth in the proposed Restated Agreement. By
agreeing to share certain information as described herein, FICC
believes that each Clearing Organization would be able to effectively
identify, monitor, and manage risks that may be presented by the
proposed Restated Agreement. Accordingly, FICC believes the proposed
changes are reasonably designed to identify, monitor, and manage risks
related to the link established between FICC and CME in a manner
consistent with Rule 17Ad-22(e)(20) under the Act.\87\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\87\ 17 CFR 240.17Ad-22(e)(20).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
(B) Clearing Agency's Statement on Burden on Competition
FICC believes that the proposed rule change to replace the Existing
Agreement with the Restated Agreement could have an impact on
competition. Specifically, FICC believes that the proposed changes
could both burden and promote competition because the margin savings
for the Cross-Margining Participants (and therefore their margin
requirements) would change under the proposed Restated Agreement. As
noted in the Executive Summary in Item 3(a) above[sic], the margin
savings under the Existing Agreement range from 0.1% to 17.4%, whereas
the study conducted by FICC under the proposed Restated Agreement
showed margin savings in the range of 0% to 36.6%. Some Cross-Margining
Participants could see an increase in margin savings under the proposed
rule change and some could see a decrease in margin savings under the
proposed rule change. When the proposal results in decreased margin
savings and therefore higher margin requirements, the proposed rule
change could burden competition for Cross-Margining Participants that
have lower operating margins or higher costs of capital compared to
other Members. When the proposal results in higher margin savings and
therefore lower margin requirements, the proposed rule change could
promote competition by resulting in lower operating costs and capital
efficiencies for Cross-Margining Participants. FICC does not believe
that these impacts are significant because based on FICC's analysis,
the proposal would not result in a significant change to the average
margin requirement of Cross-Margining Participants.
Regardless of whether the burden on competition discussed above
could be deemed significant, FICC believes that any related burden on
competition would be necessary and appropriate, as permitted by section
17A(b)(3)(I) of the Act, for the following reasons.\88\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\88\ 15 U.S.C. 78q-1(b)(3)(I).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
FICC believes that any burden on competition would be necessary in
furtherance of the Act, specifically section 17A(b)(3)(F) of the
Act.\89\ As stated above, the proposed Restated Agreement, would, among
other things, revise and enhance the method for calculating the margin
reduction that would apply to a Cross-Margining Participant's Eligible
Positions, including requiring more frequent exchange of Eligible
Position information between CME and FICC that is used to collateralize
risk exposure. The proposed new methodology would simplify the overall
margin calculation process by eliminating the need for application of
offset classes and the conversion of CME Eligible Products
[[Page 48936]]
into equivalent GSD Treasury security products. By enhancing the method
for calculating the margin reduction as described above, FICC believes
that a more appropriate margin reduction would be calculated.
Therefore, FICC believes this proposed change is consistent with the
requirements of section17A(b)(3)(F) of the Act, which requires that the
Rules be designed to assure the safeguarding of securities and funds
that are in FICC's custody or control or for which it is
responsible.\90\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\89\ 15 U.S.C. 78q-1(b)(3)(F).
\90\ Id.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
FICC believes the proposed rule change would also support FICC's
compliance with Rule 17Ad-22(e)(6)(i) under the Act, which requires a
covered clearing agency to establish a risk-based margin system that,
at a minimum considers, and produces margin levels commensurate with,
the risks and particular attributes of each relevant product,
portfolio, and market.\91\ By enhancing the method for calculating the
margin reduction as described above, FICC believes that a more
appropriate margin reduction would be calculated and would reduce the
complexity of the calculations. Accordingly, FICC believes the proposed
changes are reasonably designed to establish a risk-based margin system
that, at a minimum considers, and produces margin levels commensurate
with, the risks and particular attributes of each relevant product,
portfolio, and market in a manner consistent with Rule 17Ad-
22(e)(6)(i).\92\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\91\ 17 CFR 240.17Ad-22(e)(6)(i).
\92\ Id.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
FICC also believes the proposed rule change would support FICC's
compliance with Rule 17Ad-22(e)(20) under the Act.\93\ Specifically, as
described above, FICC and CME would agree to put in place a separate
SLA, which would cover information exchange between the two parties and
would also include operational processes consistent with the default
management provisions set forth in the proposed Restated Agreement. By
agreeing to the SLA, FICC believes that it would be able to effectively
identify, monitor, and manage risks that may be presented by the
proposed Restated Agreement. Accordingly, FICC believes the proposed
changes are reasonably designed to identify, monitor, and manage risks
related to the link established between FICC and CME in a manner
consistent with Rule 17Ad-22(e)(20) under the Act.\94\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\93\ 17 CFR 240.17Ad-22(e)(20).
\94\ Id.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
FICC believes that the above-described burden on competition that
could be created by the proposed changes would be appropriate in
furtherance of the Act because such changes have been appropriately
designed to assure the safeguarding of securities and funds which are
in the custody or control of FICC or for which it is responsible, as
described in detail above. The proposed Restated Agreement has been
designed to allow FICC to recognize the offsetting value of positions
maintained by Cross-Margining Participants at the two Clearing
Organizations for margin purposes by using a risk-based margining
approach that would produce margin levels commensurate with, the risks
and particular attributes of each relevant product, portfolio and
market. As such, by enhancing the method for calculating the margin
reduction as described above, FICC believes the proposal is
appropriately designed to meet its risk management goals and its
regulatory obligations.
Therefore, as described above, FICC believes the proposed changes
are necessary and appropriate in furtherance of FICC's obligations
under the Act, specifically section 17A(b)(3)(F) of the Act \95\ and
Rule 17Ad-22(e)(6)(i) and Rule 17Ad-22(e)(20) under the Act.\96\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\95\ 15 U.S.C. 78q-1(b)(3)(F).
\96\ 17 CFR 240.Ad-22(e)(6)(i), (e)(20).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
(C) Clearing Agency's Statement on Comments on the Proposed Rule Change
Received From Members, Participants or Others
FICC has not received or solicited any written comments relating to
this proposal. If any written comments are received, they will be
publicly filed as an Exhibit 2 to this filing[sic], as required by Form
19b-4 and the General Instructions thereto. Persons submitting comments
are cautioned that, according to Section IV (Solicitation of Comments)
of the Exhibit 1A in the General Instructions to Form 19b-4, the
Commission does not edit personal identifying information from comment
submissions. Commenters should submit only information that they wish
to make available publicly, including their name, email address, and
any other identifying information.
All prospective commenters should follow the Commission's
instructions on how to submit comments, available at https://www.sec.gov/regulatory-actions/how-to-submitcomments. General questions
regarding the rule filing process or logistical questions regarding
this filing should be directed to the Main Office of the Commission's
Division of Trading and Markets at [email protected] or 202-
551-5777. FICC reserves the right to not respond to any comments
received.
III. Date of Effectiveness of the Proposed Rule Change and Timing for
Commission Action
Within 45 days of the date of publication of this notice in the
Federal Register or within such longer period up to 90 days (i) as the
Commission may designate if it finds such longer period to be
appropriate and publishes its reasons for so finding or (ii) as to
which the self-regulatory organization consents, the Commission will:
(A) by order approve or disapprove such proposed rule change, or
(B) institute proceedings to determine whether the proposed rule
change should be disapproved.
IV. Solicitation of Comments
Interested persons are invited to submit written data, views, and
arguments concerning the foregoing, including whether the proposed rule
change is consistent with the Act. Comments may be submitted by any of
the following methods:
Electronic Comments
Use the Commission's internet comment form (https://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml) or
Send an email to [email protected]. Please include
File Number SR-FICC-2023-010 on the subject line.
Paper Comments
Send paper comments in triplicate to Secretary, Securities
and Exchange Commission, 100 F Street NE, Washington, DC 20549-1090.
All submissions should refer to File Number SR-FICC-2023-010. This file
number should be included on the subject line if email is used. To help
the Commission process and review your comments more efficiently,
please use only one method. The Commission will post all comments on
the Commission's internet website (https://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml).
Copies of the submission, all subsequent amendments, all written
statements with respect to the proposed rule change that are filed with
the Commission, and all written communications relating to the proposed
rule change between the Commission and any person, other than those
that may be withheld from the public in accordance with the provisions
of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be available for website viewing and printing in
the Commission's Public
[[Page 48937]]
Reference Room, 100 F Street NE, Washington, DC 20549, on official
business days between the hours of 10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. Copies of
the filing also will be available for inspection and copying at the
principal office of FICC and on DTCC's website (dtcc.com/legal/sec-rule-filings).
Do not include personal identifiable information in submissions;
you should submit only information that you wish to make available
publicly. We may redact in part or withhold entirely from publication
submitted material that is obscene or subject to copyright protection.
All submissions should refer to File Number SR-FICC-2023-010 and should
be submitted on or before August 18, 2023.
For the Commission, by the Division of Trading and Markets,
pursuant to delegated authority.\97\
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\97\ 17 CFR 200.30-3(a)(12).
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Sherry R. Haywood,
Assistant Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2023-15981 Filed 7-27-23; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011-01-P