Self-Regulatory Organizations; Cboe Exchange, Inc.; Order Approving a Proposed Rule Change To Amend Rule 5.52(d) in Connection With a Market-Maker's Electronic Volume Transacted on the Exchange, 22498-22500 [2021-08860]
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Federal Register / Vol. 86, No. 80 / Wednesday, April 28, 2021 / Notices
III. Date of Effectiveness of the
Proposed Rule Change and Timing for
Commission Action
Within 45 days of the date of
publication of this notice in the Federal
Register or within such longer period
up to 90 days (i) as the Commission may
designate if it finds such longer period
to be appropriate and publishes its
reasons for so finding or (ii) as to which
the Exchange consents, the Commission
will:
A. by order approve or disapprove
such proposed rule change, or
B. institute proceedings to determine
whether the proposed rule change
should be disapproved.
IV. Solicitation of Comments
Interested persons are invited to
submit written data, views, and
arguments concerning the foregoing,
including whether the proposed rule
change is consistent with the Act.
Comments may be submitted by any of
the following methods:
Electronic Comments
• Use the Commission’s internet
comment form (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml); or
• Send an email to rule-comments@
sec.gov. Please include File Number SR–
CboeBZX–2021–029 on the subject line.
jbell on DSKJLSW7X2PROD with NOTICES
• Send paper comments in triplicate
to Secretary, Securities and Exchange
Commission, 100 F Street NE,
Washington, DC 20549–1090.
All submissions should refer to File
Number SR–CboeBZX–2021–029. This
file number should be included on the
subject line if email is used. To help the
Commission process and review your
comments more efficiently, please use
only one method. The Commission will
post all comments on the Commission’s
internet website (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml). Copies of the
submission, all subsequent
amendments, all written statements
with respect to the proposed rule
change that are filed with the
Commission, and all written
communications relating to the
proposed rule change between the
Commission and any person, other than
those that may be withheld from the
public in accordance with the
provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be
available for website viewing and
printing in the Commission’s Public
Reference Room, 100 F Street NE,
Washington, DC 20549 on official
business days between the hours of
10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. Copies of the
filing also will be available for
19:17 Apr 27, 2021
For the Commission, by the Division of
Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated
authority.84
J. Matthew DeLesDernier,
Assistant Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2021–08855 Filed 4–27–21; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
[Release No. 34–91637; File No. SR–CBOE–
2021–013]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; Cboe
Exchange, Inc.; Order Approving a
Proposed Rule Change To Amend Rule
5.52(d) in Connection With a MarketMaker’s Electronic Volume Transacted
on the Exchange
April 22, 2021.
Paper Comments
VerDate Sep<11>2014
inspection and copying at the principal
office of the Exchange. All comments
received will be posted without change.
Persons submitting comments are
cautioned that we do not redact or edit
personal identifying information from
comment submissions. You should
submit only information that you wish
to make available publicly. All
submissions should refer to File
Number SR–CboeBZX–2021–029 and
should be submitted on or before May
19, 2021.
Jkt 253001
I. Introduction
On February 22, 2021, Cboe
Exchange, Inc. (the ‘‘Exchange’’) filed
with the Securities and Exchange
Commission (‘‘Commission’’), pursuant
to Section 19(b)(1) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 (‘‘Act’’) 1 and Rule
19b–4 thereunder,2 a proposed rule
change to amend Rule 5.52(d) in
connection with a Market-Maker’s
electronic volume transacted on the
Exchange. The proposed rule change
was published for comment in the
Federal Register on March 12, 2021.3
The Commission received no comment
letters on the proposed rule change.
This order approves the proposed rule
change.
II. Description of the Proposal
The Exchange proposes to amend
Rule 5.52(d) in connection with a
Market-Maker’s electronic volume
transacted on the Exchange. Rule
5.52(d)(1) provides that if a MarketMaker never trades more than 20% of
the Market-Maker’s contract volume
CFR 200.30–3(a)(12).
U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
2 17 CFR 240.19b–4.
3 See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 91275
(March 8, 2021), 86 FR 14166 (‘‘Notice’’).
electronically in an appointed class
during any calendar quarter (‘‘Electronic
Volume Threshold’’),4 a Market-Maker
will not be obligated to quote
electronically in any designated
percentage of series within that class
pursuant to subparagraph (d)(2) (which
governs the continuous electronic
quoting requirements for Market-Makers
in their appointed classes). That is, once
a Market-Maker surpasses the Electronic
Volume Threshold in an appointed
class, the Market-Maker is required to
provide continuous electronic quotes in
that appointed classes going forward.
Neither Rule 5.52(d)(1) nor (d)(2) permit
a Market-Maker to reduce its electronic
volume after surpassing the Electronic
Volume Threshold in order to reset the
electronic volume trigger or otherwise
undo the resulting obligation to stream
electronic quotes once the Electronic
Volume Threshold is triggered in an
appointed class.
According to the Exchange, MarketMakers accustomed to executing volume
on the trading floor have sophisticated
and complicated risk modeling
associated with their floor trading
activity, including quoting, monitoring,
and responding to the trading crowd.
However, the Exchange understands
that while such Market-Makers do have
separate systems or third-party
platforms for quoting, monitoring and
responding to electronic markets,
because these Market-Makers are almost
exclusively floor-based, their technology
or other platforms enabling them to
quote electronically do not achieve the
level of sophistication or complexity as
the systems used by Market-Makers
accustomed to quoting electronically.
Indeed, to satisfy the continuous
electronic quoting requirements, a
Market-Maker must provide continuous
bids and offers for 90% of the time the
Market-Maker is required to provide
electronic quotes in an appointed option
class on a given trading day and must
provide continuous quotes in 60% of
the series of the Market-Maker’s
appointed classes. The Exchange
determines compliance by a MarketMaker with this quoting obligation on a
monthly basis. In addition to this, a
Market-Maker must, among other things,
compete with other Market-Makers in
its appointed classes, update quotations
in response to changed market
conditions in its appointed classes,
maintain active markets in its appointed
classes, and, overall, engage in a course
of dealings reasonably calculated to
84 17
1 15
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4 The proposed rule change provides additional
clarity within Rule 5.52(d)(1) by defining this
threshold and adding the defined term throughout
Rule 5.52(d)(1).
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contribute to the maintenance of a fair
and orderly market. Market-Makers that
are predominantly floor-based generally
do not have the technology or electronic
trading sophistication to fully satisfy the
continuous electronic quoting
obligations, as well as other heightened
standards required of a Market-Maker in
its appointed classes electronically,
once the Electronic Volume Threshold
is triggered.
The Exchange has observed that,
around the end of calendar year 2019,
particularly given the significant
increase in market volatility and
unpredictability of market conditions in
the months leading up to and during the
COVID–19 pandemic,5 Market-Makers
that almost exclusively executed their
volume in open outcry and had not
previously triggered an electronic
quoting obligation pursuant to Rule
5.52(d)(2), incidentally breached the
Electronic Volume Threshold in certain
appointed classes and were thereby
obliged to provide continuous electronic
quotes in those classes going forward.
As stated above, once a Market-Maker
surpasses the Electronic Volume
Threshold in an appointed class, and
the electronic quoting obligation is
triggered, Rules 5.52(d)(1) and (d)(2) do
not permit a Market-Maker to reset the
trigger—a Market-Maker is required to
stream electronic quotes in that
appointed class beginning the next
calendar quarter and from there on out.
As such, once the Electronic Volume
Threshold was surpassed by MarketMakers accustomed to quoting on the
trading floor, these Market-Makers had
to be equipped to uphold continuous
electronic quoting obligations by just
the next calendar quarter, production of
which was exacerbated by the volatile
and unusual market conditions present
in the markets over the past year. As a
result, the Exchange has observed that at
least one Market-Maker 6 has been
5 The Exchange notes that after volatility and
unusual market conditions beginning at the end of
2019 and continuously increasing through 2020 as
a result of the impact of COVID19 and related
factors, some market participants may have
experienced significant trading losses, resulting in
their limiting their trading behavior and risk
exposure. The Exchange understands that firms, not
otherwise highly active in the electronic markets,
may have executed electronically in order to close
positions, reduce exposure, and otherwise mitigate
losses and reduce risk in light of market conditions
experienced at various points throughout the year.
These firms may have also reduced open outcry
activity as part of the same risk-reducing strategy,
resulting in a coincidental change in the mix of
electronic versus open outcry volume for such
generally floor-based Market-Makers.
6 The Exchange is aware of at least two MarketMakers that triggered the Electronic Volume
Threshold in the last months of 2019 and were
subsequently unable to satisfy the continuous
electronic quoting obligations. One such Market-
VerDate Sep<11>2014
19:17 Apr 27, 2021
Jkt 253001
unable to successfully fulfill its new
continuous electronic quoting
obligations in subsequent months. The
Exchange understands this is due to the
Market-Maker not having the
appropriate technology to successfully
provide continuous electronic quotes.
Therefore, the Exchange proposes to
amend Rule 5.52(d)(1) in a manner that
provides a potential path of recourse for
Market-Makers that incidentally exceed
the Electronic Volume Threshold, due,
for example, to extraordinary or extreme
volatility as experienced in the markets
in the last year, but that may not be able
to satisfy the continuous electronic
quoting requirement on a monthly basis
going forward given their primarily
floor-based operation. Specifically, the
proposed rule change adopts Rule
5.52(d)(1)(B) 7 which provides that the
Exchange may, in exceptional cases and
where good cause is shown, grant a
Market-Maker a reset of the Electronic
Volume Threshold in subparagraph
(d)(1)(A). If a Market-Maker trades more
than 20% of the Market-Maker’s
contract volume electronically in an
appointed class during a calendar
quarter, the Market-Maker may submit
to the Exchange a request that the
Exchange consider a reset of the
Electronic Volume Threshold in the
appointed class. If the Exchange
determines that a Market-Maker
qualifies for a reset of the 20% threshold
in an appointed class, then the MarketMaker will not become subject to the
continuous electronic quoting
requirements pursuant to subparagraph
(d)(2) in the appointed class in the next
calendar quarter, and will again become
subject to subparagraph (d)(1)(A) in the
appointed class. In order to determine if
a Market-Maker qualifies for a reset of
the Electronic Volume Threshold in an
appointed class, the Exchange may
consider: (i) A Market-Maker’s trading
activity and business model in the
appointed class; (ii) any previous
requests for a reset of the Electronic
Volume Threshold in the appointed
class, including previously granted
requests; (iii) market conditions and
Maker had been registered as a Market-Maker on the
Exchange since 1997 (however, such firm has
recently been dissolved) and one has been
registered as a Market-Maker on the Exchange since
2001. The Exchange also notes that there are other
Market-Makers that are not currently subject to the
continuous electronic quoting requirements in their
appointed classes. For example, the Exchange is
aware of at least three Market-Makers that are not
currently obligated to provide continuous electronic
quotes in SPX.
7 The proposed rule change also updates the
format of Rule 5.51(d)(1) by adopting the title
‘‘Electronic Volume Threshold’’ and Rule
5.51(d)(1)(A) to govern the provision under current
Rule 5.51(d)(1), and adopts the title ‘‘Continuous
Electronic Quotes’’ for Rule 5.52(d)(2).
PO 00000
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Sfmt 4703
22499
general trading activity in the appointed
class; and (iv) any other factors as the
Exchange deems appropriate in
determining whether to approve a
Market-Maker’s request for an Electronic
Volume Threshold reset. In this way,
the proposed rule change allows those
Market-Makers that predominantly
provide liquidity on the trading floor
and incidentally surpass (or have
incidentally surpassed) the electronic
volume threshold, and, subsequently,
are not able to satisfy the continuous
electronic quoting requirement on a
monthly basis going forward, an
opportunity to submit a request to the
Exchange that they again be subject only
to open outcry quoting requirements
and continue to focus on providing
liquidity in open outcry in accordance
with their business models.8
Finally, the proposed rule change also
removes the rollout period for new
classes in Rule 5.52(d)(1), which
currently provides that for a period of
90 days commencing immediately after
a class begins trading on the System,
this subparagraph (d)(1) governs trading
in that class. The rollout period was
implemented in connection with the
transition of certain classes to the
Exchange’s former Hybrid System.9 As
of 2018, all classes listed for trading on
the Exchange now trade on the same
platform, the Exchange’s System.
Therefore, a rollout period is no longer
necessary. All Market-Makers in new
classes and likewise all new MarketMakers will be equally subject to the
electronic volume threshold pursuant to
Rule 5.52(d)(1) and (d)(2) upon starting
out.
III. Discussion and Commission
Findings
After careful review, the Commission
finds that the proposed rule change is
consistent with the requirements of the
Act and the rules and regulations
thereunder applicable to a national
securities exchange.10 In particular, the
8 The Exchange notes that the proposed rule
change does not preclude the application of Rule
13.15(g)(14)(A), which, as part of the Minor Rule
Violation Plan (‘‘MRVP’’), allows the Exchange to
impose a fine on Market-Makers for failure to meet
their continuous quoting obligations, including on
any Market-Maker that is able to ‘‘reset’’ upon
Commission approval of this proposal. The
Exchange additionally notes that the proposed rule
change also does not preclude the Exchange from
referring matters covered under the MRVP for
formal disciplinary action, pursuant to Rule
13.15(f), whenever it determines that any violation
is intentional, egregious or otherwise not minor in
nature.
9 See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 47959
(May 30, 2003), 68 FR 34441 (June 9, 2003) (SR–
CBOE–2002–05).
10 In approving this proposed rule change, the
Commission has considered the proposed rule’s
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Federal Register / Vol. 86, No. 80 / Wednesday, April 28, 2021 / Notices
Commission finds that the proposed
rule change is consistent with Section
6(b)(5) of the Act,11 which requires,
among other things, that the rules of a
national securities exchange be
designed to prevent fraudulent and
manipulative acts and practices, to
promote just and equitable principles of
trade, to foster cooperation and
coordination with persons engaged in
regulating, clearing, settling, processing
information with respect to, and
facilitating transactions in securities, to
remove impediments to and perfect the
mechanism of a free and open market
and a national market system, and, in
general, to protect investors and the
public interest.
The Commission believes that the
proposal to allow the Exchange, in
exceptional cases and where good cause
is shown, to grant a Market-Maker’s
request for a reset of the Electronic
Volume Threshold in subparagraph
(d)(1)(A) of Rule 5.52 should promote
just and equitable principles of trade by
not requiring a Market-Maker that is
accustomed to floor trading, and
potentially lacking the appropriate
technology, to provide continuous
electronic quotes. The Commission
notes that in determining whether to
grant a Market-Maker’s request for a
reset of the Electronic Volume
Threshold, the Exchange may consider,
among other things: (i) A MarketMaker’s trading activity and business
model in the appointed class; (ii) any
previous requests for a reset of the
Electronic Volume Threshold in the
appointed class, including previously
granted requests; and (iii) market
conditions and general trading activity
in the appointed class. The Commission
believes that the proposed rule is
reasonably designed to limit application
of the reset to only those firms who
incidentally breached the Electronic
Volume Threshold in certain appointed
classes due to extraordinary or extreme
market volatility or other circumstances
outside of the Market-Maker’s control.
In addition, the Commission believes
that the proposal to remove the rollout
period for new classes in Rule 5.52(d)(1)
is consistent with the Act. The
Commission notes that the rollout
period was implemented in connection
with the transition of certain classes to
the Exchange’s former Hybrid System
and that all classes listed for trading on
the Exchange now trade on the same
platform. The Commission believes the
proposal will help to protect investors
and the public interest by removing
outdated and potentially confusing
language from the Exchange’s rules.
Based on the foregoing, the
Commission finds that the proposed
rule change is consistent with the Act.
IV. Conclusion
It is therefore ordered, pursuant to
Section 19(b)(2) of the Act,12 that the
proposed rule change (SR–CBOE–2021–
013) be, and hereby is, approved.
For the Commission, by the Division of
Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated
authority.13
J. Matthew DeLesDernier,
Assistant Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2021–08860 Filed 4–27–21; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
[Release No. 34–91639; File No. SR–BX–
2021–014]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; Nasdaq
BX, Inc.; Notice of Filing and
Immediate Effectiveness of Proposed
Rule Change To Amend Equity 7,
Section 118
April 22, 2021.
Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
(‘‘Act’’),1 and Rule 19b–4 thereunder,2
notice is hereby given that on April 13,
2021, Nasdaq BX, Inc. (‘‘BX’’ or
‘‘Exchange’’) filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission (‘‘SEC’’ or
‘‘Commission’’) the proposed rule
change as described in Items I, II, and
III, below, which Items have been
prepared by the Exchange. The
Commission is publishing this notice to
solicit comments on the proposed rule
change from interested persons.
I. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Terms of Substance of
the Proposed Rule Change
The Exchange proposes to proposal to
amend: (i) The Exchange’s transaction
fees and credits, at Equity 7, Section
118(a); and (ii) its Qualified Market
Maker Program, at Equity 7, Section
118(f), as described further below.
The text of the proposed rule change
is available on the Exchange’s website at
https://listingcenter.nasdaq.com/
rulebook/bx/rules, at the principal office
of the Exchange, and at the
Commission’s Public Reference Room.
12 15
impact on efficiency, competition, and capital
formation. See 15 U.S.C. 78c(f).
11 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).
VerDate Sep<11>2014
19:17 Apr 27, 2021
Jkt 253001
U.S.C. 78s(b)(2).
CFR 200.30–3(a)(12).
1 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
2 17 CFR 240.19b–4.
13 17
PO 00000
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Sfmt 4703
II. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
Change
In its filing with the Commission, the
Exchange included statements
concerning the purpose of and basis for
the proposed rule change and discussed
any comments it received on the
proposed rule change. The text of these
statements may be examined at the
places specified in Item IV below. The
Exchange has prepared summaries, set
forth in sections A, B, and C below, of
the most significant aspects of such
statements.
A. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
Change
1. Purpose
The Exchange operates on the ‘‘takermaker’’ model, whereby it generally
pays credits to members that take
liquidity and charges fees to members
that provide liquidity. Currently, the
Exchange has a schedule, at Equity 7,
Section 118(a), which consists of several
different credits that it provides for
orders in securities priced at $1 or more
per share that access liquidity on the
Exchange and several different charges
that it assesses for orders in such
securities that add liquidity on the
Exchange. It also has a program, at
Equity 7, Section 118(f), to reward those
of its members that make significant
contributions to the market.
Over the course of the last few years,
the Exchange has experimented with
various reformulations of its pricing
schedule with the aim of increasing
activity on the Exchange, improving
market quality, and increasing market
share.3 Although these changes have
met with some success, the Exchange
has yet to achieve the results it desires.
Accordingly, the Exchange proposes to
again revise its pricing schedule, in
large part, in a further attempt to
3 See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 34–
89554 (August 14, 2020), 85 FR 51518 (August 20,
2020) (SR–BX–2020–018); Securities Exchange Act
Release No. 34–89114 (June 22, 2020), 85 FR 38418
(June 26, 2020) (SR–BX–2020–011); Securities
Exchange Act Release No. 34–88857 (May 12, 2020),
85 FR 29766 (May 18, 2020) (SR–BX–2020–008);
Securities Exchange Act Release No. 34–87271
(October 10, 2019), 84 FR 55621 (October 17, 2019)
(SR–BX–2019–035); Securities Exchange Act
Release No. 34–87093 (September 24, 2019), 84 FR
57530 (October 25, 2019) (SR–BX–2019–031);
Securities Exchange Act Release No. 34–86447 (July
24, 2019); 84 FR 36989 (July 30, 2019) (SR–BX–
2019–026); Securities Exchange Act Release No. 34–
85912 (May 22, 2019); 84 FR 24834 (May 29, 2019)
(SR–BX–2019–013).
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Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 86, Number 80 (Wednesday, April 28, 2021)]
[Notices]
[Pages 22498-22500]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2021-08860]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
[Release No. 34-91637; File No. SR-CBOE-2021-013]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; Cboe Exchange, Inc.; Order
Approving a Proposed Rule Change To Amend Rule 5.52(d) in Connection
With a Market-Maker's Electronic Volume Transacted on the Exchange
April 22, 2021.
I. Introduction
On February 22, 2021, Cboe Exchange, Inc. (the ``Exchange'') filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission (``Commission''), pursuant
to Section 19(b)(1) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (``Act'')
\1\ and Rule 19b-4 thereunder,\2\ a proposed rule change to amend Rule
5.52(d) in connection with a Market-Maker's electronic volume
transacted on the Exchange. The proposed rule change was published for
comment in the Federal Register on March 12, 2021.\3\ The Commission
received no comment letters on the proposed rule change. This order
approves the proposed rule change.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
\2\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4.
\3\ See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 91275 (March 8,
2021), 86 FR 14166 (``Notice'').
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
II. Description of the Proposal
The Exchange proposes to amend Rule 5.52(d) in connection with a
Market-Maker's electronic volume transacted on the Exchange. Rule
5.52(d)(1) provides that if a Market-Maker never trades more than 20%
of the Market-Maker's contract volume electronically in an appointed
class during any calendar quarter (``Electronic Volume Threshold''),\4\
a Market-Maker will not be obligated to quote electronically in any
designated percentage of series within that class pursuant to
subparagraph (d)(2) (which governs the continuous electronic quoting
requirements for Market-Makers in their appointed classes). That is,
once a Market-Maker surpasses the Electronic Volume Threshold in an
appointed class, the Market-Maker is required to provide continuous
electronic quotes in that appointed classes going forward. Neither Rule
5.52(d)(1) nor (d)(2) permit a Market-Maker to reduce its electronic
volume after surpassing the Electronic Volume Threshold in order to
reset the electronic volume trigger or otherwise undo the resulting
obligation to stream electronic quotes once the Electronic Volume
Threshold is triggered in an appointed class.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\4\ The proposed rule change provides additional clarity within
Rule 5.52(d)(1) by defining this threshold and adding the defined
term throughout Rule 5.52(d)(1).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
According to the Exchange, Market-Makers accustomed to executing
volume on the trading floor have sophisticated and complicated risk
modeling associated with their floor trading activity, including
quoting, monitoring, and responding to the trading crowd. However, the
Exchange understands that while such Market-Makers do have separate
systems or third-party platforms for quoting, monitoring and responding
to electronic markets, because these Market-Makers are almost
exclusively floor-based, their technology or other platforms enabling
them to quote electronically do not achieve the level of sophistication
or complexity as the systems used by Market-Makers accustomed to
quoting electronically. Indeed, to satisfy the continuous electronic
quoting requirements, a Market-Maker must provide continuous bids and
offers for 90% of the time the Market-Maker is required to provide
electronic quotes in an appointed option class on a given trading day
and must provide continuous quotes in 60% of the series of the Market-
Maker's appointed classes. The Exchange determines compliance by a
Market-Maker with this quoting obligation on a monthly basis. In
addition to this, a Market-Maker must, among other things, compete with
other Market-Makers in its appointed classes, update quotations in
response to changed market conditions in its appointed classes,
maintain active markets in its appointed classes, and, overall, engage
in a course of dealings reasonably calculated to
[[Page 22499]]
contribute to the maintenance of a fair and orderly market. Market-
Makers that are predominantly floor-based generally do not have the
technology or electronic trading sophistication to fully satisfy the
continuous electronic quoting obligations, as well as other heightened
standards required of a Market-Maker in its appointed classes
electronically, once the Electronic Volume Threshold is triggered.
The Exchange has observed that, around the end of calendar year
2019, particularly given the significant increase in market volatility
and unpredictability of market conditions in the months leading up to
and during the COVID-19 pandemic,\5\ Market-Makers that almost
exclusively executed their volume in open outcry and had not previously
triggered an electronic quoting obligation pursuant to Rule 5.52(d)(2),
incidentally breached the Electronic Volume Threshold in certain
appointed classes and were thereby obliged to provide continuous
electronic quotes in those classes going forward. As stated above, once
a Market-Maker surpasses the Electronic Volume Threshold in an
appointed class, and the electronic quoting obligation is triggered,
Rules 5.52(d)(1) and (d)(2) do not permit a Market-Maker to reset the
trigger--a Market-Maker is required to stream electronic quotes in that
appointed class beginning the next calendar quarter and from there on
out. As such, once the Electronic Volume Threshold was surpassed by
Market-Makers accustomed to quoting on the trading floor, these Market-
Makers had to be equipped to uphold continuous electronic quoting
obligations by just the next calendar quarter, production of which was
exacerbated by the volatile and unusual market conditions present in
the markets over the past year. As a result, the Exchange has observed
that at least one Market-Maker \6\ has been unable to successfully
fulfill its new continuous electronic quoting obligations in subsequent
months. The Exchange understands this is due to the Market-Maker not
having the appropriate technology to successfully provide continuous
electronic quotes. Therefore, the Exchange proposes to amend Rule
5.52(d)(1) in a manner that provides a potential path of recourse for
Market-Makers that incidentally exceed the Electronic Volume Threshold,
due, for example, to extraordinary or extreme volatility as experienced
in the markets in the last year, but that may not be able to satisfy
the continuous electronic quoting requirement on a monthly basis going
forward given their primarily floor-based operation. Specifically, the
proposed rule change adopts Rule 5.52(d)(1)(B) \7\ which provides that
the Exchange may, in exceptional cases and where good cause is shown,
grant a Market-Maker a reset of the Electronic Volume Threshold in
subparagraph (d)(1)(A). If a Market-Maker trades more than 20% of the
Market-Maker's contract volume electronically in an appointed class
during a calendar quarter, the Market-Maker may submit to the Exchange
a request that the Exchange consider a reset of the Electronic Volume
Threshold in the appointed class. If the Exchange determines that a
Market-Maker qualifies for a reset of the 20% threshold in an appointed
class, then the Market-Maker will not become subject to the continuous
electronic quoting requirements pursuant to subparagraph (d)(2) in the
appointed class in the next calendar quarter, and will again become
subject to subparagraph (d)(1)(A) in the appointed class. In order to
determine if a Market-Maker qualifies for a reset of the Electronic
Volume Threshold in an appointed class, the Exchange may consider: (i)
A Market-Maker's trading activity and business model in the appointed
class; (ii) any previous requests for a reset of the Electronic Volume
Threshold in the appointed class, including previously granted
requests; (iii) market conditions and general trading activity in the
appointed class; and (iv) any other factors as the Exchange deems
appropriate in determining whether to approve a Market-Maker's request
for an Electronic Volume Threshold reset. In this way, the proposed
rule change allows those Market-Makers that predominantly provide
liquidity on the trading floor and incidentally surpass (or have
incidentally surpassed) the electronic volume threshold, and,
subsequently, are not able to satisfy the continuous electronic quoting
requirement on a monthly basis going forward, an opportunity to submit
a request to the Exchange that they again be subject only to open
outcry quoting requirements and continue to focus on providing
liquidity in open outcry in accordance with their business models.\8\
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\5\ The Exchange notes that after volatility and unusual market
conditions beginning at the end of 2019 and continuously increasing
through 2020 as a result of the impact of COVID19 and related
factors, some market participants may have experienced significant
trading losses, resulting in their limiting their trading behavior
and risk exposure. The Exchange understands that firms, not
otherwise highly active in the electronic markets, may have executed
electronically in order to close positions, reduce exposure, and
otherwise mitigate losses and reduce risk in light of market
conditions experienced at various points throughout the year. These
firms may have also reduced open outcry activity as part of the same
risk-reducing strategy, resulting in a coincidental change in the
mix of electronic versus open outcry volume for such generally
floor-based Market-Makers.
\6\ The Exchange is aware of at least two Market-Makers that
triggered the Electronic Volume Threshold in the last months of 2019
and were subsequently unable to satisfy the continuous electronic
quoting obligations. One such Market-Maker had been registered as a
Market-Maker on the Exchange since 1997 (however, such firm has
recently been dissolved) and one has been registered as a Market-
Maker on the Exchange since 2001. The Exchange also notes that there
are other Market-Makers that are not currently subject to the
continuous electronic quoting requirements in their appointed
classes. For example, the Exchange is aware of at least three
Market-Makers that are not currently obligated to provide continuous
electronic quotes in SPX.
\7\ The proposed rule change also updates the format of Rule
5.51(d)(1) by adopting the title ``Electronic Volume Threshold'' and
Rule 5.51(d)(1)(A) to govern the provision under current Rule
5.51(d)(1), and adopts the title ``Continuous Electronic Quotes''
for Rule 5.52(d)(2).
\8\ The Exchange notes that the proposed rule change does not
preclude the application of Rule 13.15(g)(14)(A), which, as part of
the Minor Rule Violation Plan (``MRVP''), allows the Exchange to
impose a fine on Market-Makers for failure to meet their continuous
quoting obligations, including on any Market-Maker that is able to
``reset'' upon Commission approval of this proposal. The Exchange
additionally notes that the proposed rule change also does not
preclude the Exchange from referring matters covered under the MRVP
for formal disciplinary action, pursuant to Rule 13.15(f), whenever
it determines that any violation is intentional, egregious or
otherwise not minor in nature.
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Finally, the proposed rule change also removes the rollout period
for new classes in Rule 5.52(d)(1), which currently provides that for a
period of 90 days commencing immediately after a class begins trading
on the System, this subparagraph (d)(1) governs trading in that class.
The rollout period was implemented in connection with the transition of
certain classes to the Exchange's former Hybrid System.\9\ As of 2018,
all classes listed for trading on the Exchange now trade on the same
platform, the Exchange's System. Therefore, a rollout period is no
longer necessary. All Market-Makers in new classes and likewise all new
Market-Makers will be equally subject to the electronic volume
threshold pursuant to Rule 5.52(d)(1) and (d)(2) upon starting out.
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\9\ See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 47959 (May 30,
2003), 68 FR 34441 (June 9, 2003) (SR-CBOE-2002-05).
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III. Discussion and Commission Findings
After careful review, the Commission finds that the proposed rule
change is consistent with the requirements of the Act and the rules and
regulations thereunder applicable to a national securities
exchange.\10\ In particular, the
[[Page 22500]]
Commission finds that the proposed rule change is consistent with
Section 6(b)(5) of the Act,\11\ which requires, among other things,
that the rules of a national securities exchange be designed to prevent
fraudulent and manipulative acts and practices, to promote just and
equitable principles of trade, to foster cooperation and coordination
with persons engaged in regulating, clearing, settling, processing
information with respect to, and facilitating transactions in
securities, to remove impediments to and perfect the mechanism of a
free and open market and a national market system, and, in general, to
protect investors and the public interest.
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\10\ In approving this proposed rule change, the Commission has
considered the proposed rule's impact on efficiency, competition,
and capital formation. See 15 U.S.C. 78c(f).
\11\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).
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The Commission believes that the proposal to allow the Exchange, in
exceptional cases and where good cause is shown, to grant a Market-
Maker's request for a reset of the Electronic Volume Threshold in
subparagraph (d)(1)(A) of Rule 5.52 should promote just and equitable
principles of trade by not requiring a Market-Maker that is accustomed
to floor trading, and potentially lacking the appropriate technology,
to provide continuous electronic quotes. The Commission notes that in
determining whether to grant a Market-Maker's request for a reset of
the Electronic Volume Threshold, the Exchange may consider, among other
things: (i) A Market-Maker's trading activity and business model in the
appointed class; (ii) any previous requests for a reset of the
Electronic Volume Threshold in the appointed class, including
previously granted requests; and (iii) market conditions and general
trading activity in the appointed class. The Commission believes that
the proposed rule is reasonably designed to limit application of the
reset to only those firms who incidentally breached the Electronic
Volume Threshold in certain appointed classes due to extraordinary or
extreme market volatility or other circumstances outside of the Market-
Maker's control.
In addition, the Commission believes that the proposal to remove
the rollout period for new classes in Rule 5.52(d)(1) is consistent
with the Act. The Commission notes that the rollout period was
implemented in connection with the transition of certain classes to the
Exchange's former Hybrid System and that all classes listed for trading
on the Exchange now trade on the same platform. The Commission believes
the proposal will help to protect investors and the public interest by
removing outdated and potentially confusing language from the
Exchange's rules.
Based on the foregoing, the Commission finds that the proposed rule
change is consistent with the Act.
IV. Conclusion
It is therefore ordered, pursuant to Section 19(b)(2) of the
Act,\12\ that the proposed rule change (SR-CBOE-2021-013) be, and
hereby is, approved.
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\12\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(2).
\13\ 17 CFR 200.30-3(a)(12).
For the Commission, by the Division of Trading and Markets,
pursuant to delegated authority.\13\
J. Matthew DeLesDernier,
Assistant Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2021-08860 Filed 4-27-21; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011-01-P