Self-Regulatory Organizations; Cboe C2 Exchange, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of a Proposed Rule Change Relating To Amend Its Fees Schedule, 10142-10145 [2021-03213]
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10142
Federal Register / Vol. 86, No. 31 / Thursday, February 18, 2021 / Notices
A. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
Change
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
[Release No. 34–91108; File No. SR–C2–
2021–004]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; Cboe
C2 Exchange, Inc.; Notice of Filing and
Immediate Effectiveness of a Proposed
Rule Change Relating To Amend Its
Fees Schedule
February 11, 2021.
Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the
‘‘Act’’),1 and Rule 19b–4 thereunder,2
notice is hereby given that on February
5, 2021, Cboe C2 Exchange, Inc. (the
‘‘Exchange’’ or ‘‘C2’’) filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission
(the ‘‘Commission’’) the proposed rule
change as described in Items I, II, and
III below, which Items have been
prepared by the Exchange. The
Commission is publishing this notice to
solicit comments on the proposed rule
change from interested persons.
I. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Terms of Substance of
the Proposed Rule Change
Cboe C2 Exchange, Inc. (the
‘‘Exchange’’ or ‘‘C2’’) is filing with the
Securities and Exchange Commission
(‘‘Commission’’) a proposed rule change
to amend the Fees Schedule. The text of
the proposed rule change is provided in
Exhibit 5.
The text of the proposed rule change
is also available on the Exchange’s
website (https://markets.cboe.com/us/
options/regulation/rule_filings/ctwo/),
at the Exchange’s Office of the
Secretary, and at the Commission’s
Public Reference Room.
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II. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
Change
In its filing with the Commission, the
Exchange included statements
concerning the purpose of and basis for
the proposed rule change and discussed
any comments it received on the
proposed rule change. The text of these
statements may be examined at the
places specified in Item IV below. The
Exchange has prepared summaries, set
forth in sections A, B, and C below, of
the most significant aspects of such
statements.
1 15
2 17
U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
CFR 240.19b–4.
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1. Purpose
The Exchange proposes to amend its
Fee Schedule to amend certain standard
transaction fees for AAPL, QQQ, IWM
and SLV transactions. Specifically, the
Exchange proposes to (1) amend the
transaction fee for public customer
AAPL, QQQ, IWM and SLV orders that
remove liquidity, (2) amend the rebate
for C2 Market Maker AAPL, QQQ, IWM
and SLV orders that add liquidity, (3)
amend the rebate for non-Customer,
non-Market Maker AAPL, QQQ, IWM
and SLV orders that add liquidity and
(4) adopt an enhanced rebate for C2
Market Maker AAPL, QQQ, IWM and
SLV orders that are NBBO Joiners or
NBBO Setters.3
The Exchange first notes that it
operates in a highly competitive market
in which market participants can
readily direct order flow to competing
venues if they deem fee levels at a
particular venue to be excessive or
incentives to be insufficient. More
specifically, the Exchange is only one of
16 options venues to which market
participants may direct their order flow.
Based on publicly available information,
no single options exchange has more
than 16% of the market share and
currently the Exchange represents
approximately 3% of the market share.4
Thus, in such a low-concentrated and
highly competitive market, no single
options exchange, including the
Exchange, possesses significant pricing
power in the execution of option order
flow. The Exchange believes that the
ever-shifting market share among the
exchanges from month to month
demonstrates that market participants
can shift order flow or discontinue to
reduce use of certain categories of
products, in response to fee changes.
Accordingly, competitive forces
constrain the Exchange’s transaction
fees, and market participants can readily
trade on competing venues if they deem
pricing levels at those other venues to
be more favorable.
First, the Exchange proposes to
amend the transaction fee for Public
Customer orders in AAPL, QQQ, IWM
and SLV that remove liquidity.
Currently, public customer orders in all
3 The Exchange initially filed the proposed fee
changes on February 1, 2021 (SR–C2–2021–003).
On February 5, 2021, the Exchange withdrew that
filing and submitted this proposal.
4 See Cboe Global Markets U.S. Options Market
Volume Summary by Month (January 26, 2021),
available at https://markets.cboe.com/us/options/
market_statistics/.
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equity, multiply-listed index, ETF and
ETN penny options classes, including
AAPL, QQQ, IWM and SLV, that
remove liquidity are assessed a standard
transaction fee of $0.43 per contract and
yield fee code ‘‘PC’’. The Exchange
proposes to remove orders in AAPL,
QQQ, IWM and SLV from fee code PC
and, instead, assess fee code ‘‘SC’’ for
Public Customer orders in AAPL, QQQ,
IWM and SLV that remove liquidity. Fee
code SC is currently appended to Public
Customer orders in SPY that remove
liquidity and assesses a reduced fee
(from that of fee code PC) of $0.39 per
contract.5
The Exchange next proposes to amend
the rebate for C2 Market Maker orders
in AAPL, QQQ, IWM and SLV that add
liquidity. Currently, C2 Market Makers
orders in all equity, multiply-listed
index, ETF and ETN penny options
classes, including AAPL, QQQ, IWM
and SLV, that add liquidity are provided
a rebate of $0.41 per contract and yield
fee code ‘‘PM’’. The Exchange proposes
to remove orders in AAPL, QQQ, IWM
and SLV from fee code PM and, instead,
assess existing fee code ‘‘SM’’ for C2
Market Maker orders in AAPL, QQQ,
IWM and SLV. Fee code SM is currently
appended to C2 Market Maker orders in
SPY that add liquidity and offer a
reduced rebate (from that of fee code
PM) of $0.26 per contract.
The Exchange also proposes to amend
the rebate for non-Market Maker, nonCustomer orders in AAPL, QQQ, IWM
and SLV that add liquidity. Currently,
non-Market Maker, non-Customer
orders (i.e., Professional Customer,
Firm, Broker/Dealer, non-C2 Market
Maker, JBO, etc.) in all equity, multiplylisted index, ETF and ETN penny
options classes, including AAPL, QQQ,
IWM and SLV, that add liquidity are
provided a rebate of $0.36 per contract
and yield fee code PN. The Exchange
proposes to remove orders in AAPL,
QQQ, IWM and SLV from fee code PN
and, instead, assess existing fee code
‘‘SN’’ on non-Market Maker, nonCustomer orders in AAPL, QQQ, IWM
and SLV that add liquidity. Fee code SN
is currently appended to such orders in
SPY and assesses a reduced rebate (from
that of fee code PN) of $0.20 per
contract.
5 The Exchange notes that when it adopted the
SPY pricing table and fee codes SC, SL, SM and SN,
it inadvertently did not add these fee codes to the
‘‘Fee Codes and Associated Fees’’ table, which lists
all available fee codes for orders on C2. The
Exchange will now add these fee codes to the ‘‘Fee
Codes and Associated Fees’’ table. This does not
change any current rates or alter the description
(except as proposed herein) of these fee codes. See
Securities Exchange Release No. 89828 (September
11, 2020), 85 FR 58078 (September 17, 2020) (SR–
C2–2020–013).
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The Exchange also proposes to add C2
Market Maker orders in AAPL, QQQ,
IWM and SLV to existing fee code ‘‘SL’’.
Fee code SL is currently appended to C2
Market Maker orders in SPY that add
liquidity and are a National Best Bid or
Offer (‘‘NBBO’’) Joiner or NBBO Setter
and offers a rebate of $0.31 per contract
for such orders. Particularly, to qualify
as a NBBO Joiner, a C2 market-maker
order must improve the C2 Best Bid or
Offer (‘‘BBO’’) and result in C2 joining
an existing NBBO. Only the first order
received that results in C2 BBO joining
the NBBO at a new price level will
qualify for the enhanced rebate. If C2 is
at the NBBO, the order will not qualify.
Alternatively, C2 Market Makers may
receive the enhanced rebate if they are
a NBBO Setter. To qualify as a NBBO
Setter and receive the enhanced rebate,
a C2 Market Maker order must set the
NBBO. The Exchange believes assessing
fee code SL and the corresponding
enhanced rebate for C2 Market Makers
in AAPL, QQQ, IWM and SLV that are
NBBO Joiners or Setters will incentivize
liquidity providers to provide more
aggressively priced liquidity in AAPL,
QQQ, IWM and SLV options.
The Exchange also proposes to add
AAPL, QQQ, IWM and SLV to the table
in the Fees Schedule that currently sets
forth SPY-specific pricing. Like with
SPY, the Exchange also proposes to
clarify that the first transaction fee table,
which does not apply to RUT, DJX and
SPY, also does not apply to AAPL,
QQQ, IWM and SLV. The Exchange
notes that transaction fees and rebates
that apply to (1) Public Customer orders
in AAPL, QQQ, IWM and SLV that add
liquidity (existing fee code ‘‘PY’’) (2) C2
Market Maker orders in AAPL, QQQ,
IWM and SLV that remove liquidity
(existing fee code ‘‘PR’’), (3) non-Market
Maker, non-Customer orders in AAPL,
QQQ, IWM and SLV that remove
liquidity (existing fee code ‘‘PP), (4)
orders in AAPL, QQQ, IWM and SLV
that trade at the open (existing fee code
‘‘OO’’) and (5) resting orders in AAPL,
QQQ, IWM and SLV that trade with
resting complex orders (existing fee
code ‘‘CA’’) are not changing, nor are
the associated fee codes.
2. Statutory Basis
The Exchange believes that the
proposed rule change is consistent with
the objectives of Section 6 of the Act,6
in general, and furthers the objectives of
Section 6(b)(4),7 in particular, as it is
designed to provide for the equitable
allocation of reasonable dues, fees and
other charges among its Members and
6 15
7 15
U.S.C. 78f.
U.S.C. 78f(b)(4).
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issuers and other persons using its
facilities. The Exchange also believes
that the proposed rule change is
consistent with the objectives of Section
6(b)(5) 8 requirements that the rules of
an exchange be designed to prevent
fraudulent and manipulative acts and
practices, to promote just and equitable
principles of trade, to foster cooperation
and coordination with persons engaged
in regulating, clearing, settling,
processing information with respect to,
and facilitating transactions in
securities, to remove impediments to
and perfect the mechanism of a free and
open market and a national market
system, and, in general, to protect
investors and the public interest, and,
particularly, is not designed to permit
unfair discrimination between
customers, issuers, brokers, or dealers.
As described above, the Exchange
operates in a highly competitive market
in which market participants can
readily direct order flow to competing
venues if they deem fee levels at a
particular venue to be excessive or
incentives to be insufficient. In
particular, the proposed changes to
Exchange execution fees and rebates for
certain orders in AAPL, QQQ, IWM and
SLV are intended to attract order flow
to the Exchange by continuing to offer
competitive pricing while also creating
additional incentives to providing
aggressively priced displayed liquidity,
which the Exchange believes would
enhance market quality to the benefit of
all market participants.
The Exchange believes its proposed
changes are reasonable as they are
competitive and in line with the
Exchange’s current pricing for the same
orders in SPY and with pricing for many
of the same products at other
exchanges.9 The Exchange believes that
it is reasonable to reduce the transaction
fee for Public Customer orders in AAPL,
QQQ, IWM and SLV that remove
liquidity because market participants
will be subject to lower fees for such
orders and thus may be encouraged to
increase retail AAPL, QQQ, IWM and
SLV order flow to the Exchange. The
Exchange believes that it is reasonable
to reduce the rebates for both C2 Market
Maker and non-Market Maker, nonCustomer orders in AAPL, QQQ, IWM
and SLV that add liquidity because such
market participants will still receive
8 15
U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).
e.g., MIAX Pearl Fee Schedule, Section 1
Transaction Rebates/Fees, which provides for a fee
of $0.50 per contract for priority customer IWM and
QQQ orders that remove liquidity. See also Nasdaq
ISE Pricing Schedule, Section 3, Footnote 5, which
provides for tiered rebates for market-maker SPY
orders that add liquidity between $0.05–$0.26 per
contract.
9 See
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10143
rebates for such orders, albeit at a lower
amount, which are already in place for
such orders in SPY. Additionally,
Market Makers that are NBBO Joiners or
Setters would be eligible to receive the
same enhanced rebate currently offered
for joining or setting an NBBO in SPY.
The Exchange believes that offering the
NBBO Joiner and Setter rebate for
Market Maker orders in AAPL, QQQ,
IWM and SLV is reasonable as it is
designed to incentivize C2 Market
Makers to improve the C2 BBO resulting
in C2 joining an existing NBBO or
setting a new NBBO to receive the
rebate, ultimately encouraging C2
Market Makers to submit more
aggressive AAPL, QQQ, IWM and SLV
orders that will maintain tight spreads,
benefitting both Trading Permit Holders
and public investors.
The Exchange also believes it is
reasonable, equitable and not unfairly
discriminatory to adopt pricing specific
to certain orders in AAPL, QQQ, IWM
and SLV as the Exchange already
maintains the same pricing for such
orders in SPY, as well as similar
product-specific pricing for certain
orders in other products, such as RUT
and DJX.10 Additionally, as noted above,
other exchanges similarly provide for
product-specific pricing.11
The Exchange also believes that it is
equitable and not unfairly
discriminatory to assess a lower fee for
Public Customer orders in AAPL, QQQ,
IWM and SLV as compared to other
market participants because customer
order flow enhances liquidity on the
Exchange for the benefit of all market
participants. Specifically, customer
liquidity benefits all market participants
by providing more trading
opportunities, which attracts Market
Makers. An increase in the activity of
these market participants in turn
facilitates tighter spreads, which may
cause an additional corresponding
increase in order flow from other market
participants. Moreover, the options
industry has a long history of providing
preferential pricing to customers, and
the Exchange’s current Fee Schedule
currently does so in many places, as do
the fees structures of multiple other
10 See Cboe C2 Options Exchange Fees Schedule,
Transaction Fees.
11 See e.g., MIAX Pearl Fee Schedule, Section 1
Transaction Rebates/Fees, which provides for a fee
of $0.46 per contract for priority customer SPY
orders that remove liquidity. See also Nasdaq ISE
Pricing Schedule, Section 3, Footnote 5, which
provides for tiered rebates for market maker IWM
and QCC orders that add liquidity between $0.05
and $0.26 per contract, as well as tired rebates for
market maker orders in similar, single-name options
(AMZN, FB, and NVDA) between $0.15 and $0.22.
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exchanges.12 The Exchange notes that
the proposed fee change will be applied
equally to all Public Customers.
Additionally, the Exchange believes
that it is equitable and not unfairly
discriminatory to assess higher rebates
to Market Makers that add liquidity as
compared to other market participants,
other than customers, because Market
Makers, unlike other market
participants, take on a number of
obligations, including quoting
obligations, which other market
participants do not have. Further, these
rebates are intended to incent Market
Makers to quote and trade more on C2
Options, thereby providing more trading
opportunities for all market
participants. The Exchange notes that
the proposed changes to C2 Market
Maker rebates for AAPL, QQQ, IWM
and SLV options will be applied equally
to all C2 Market Makers. Similarly, the
Exchange believes it is equitable and not
unfairly discriminatory to provide C2
Market Makers that are NBBO Joiners or
Setters in AAPL, QQQ, IWM and SLV
an enhanced rebate because such market
participants are providing more
aggressively priced liquidity in AAPL,
QQQ, IWM and SLV options.
Additionally, increased add volume
order flow, particularly by liquidity
providers, contributes to a deeper, more
liquid market, which, in turn, provides
for increased execution opportunities
and thus overall enhanced price
discovery and price improvement
opportunities on the Exchange. As such,
this benefits all market participants by
contributing towards a robust and wellbalanced market ecosystem, offering
additional flexibility for all investors to
enjoy cost savings, supporting the
quality of price discovery, promoting
market transparency and improving
investor protection. The Exchange
believes the proposed change to the
rebate for non-Market Maker, nonCustomer AAPL, QQQ, IWM and SLV
orders is also equitable and not unfairly
discriminatory because it will be
applied equally to all non-marketmakers, non-customers.
B. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement on Burden on Competition
The Exchange does not believe that
the proposed rule change will impose
any burden on intramarket or
intermarket competition that is not
necessary or appropriate in furtherance
of the purposes of the Act. Rather, as
discussed above, the Exchange believes
that the proposed change would
12 See Cboe C2 Options Exchange Fees Schedule,
Transaction Fees. See also BZX Options Fee
Schedule, Fee Codes and Associated Fees.
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encourage the submission of additional
liquidity in SPY to a public exchange,
thereby promoting market depth, price
discovery and transparency and
enhancing order execution
opportunities for all Trading Permit
Holders. As a result, the Exchange
believes that the proposed change
furthers the Commission’s goal in
adopting Regulation NMS of fostering
competition among orders, which
promotes ‘‘more efficient pricing of
individual stocks for all types of orders,
large and small.’’
The Exchange believes the proposed
rule change does not impose any burden
on intramarket competition that is not
necessary or appropriate in furtherance
of the purposes of the Act. Particularly,
the proposed change applies to all
similarly situated Trading Permit
Holders equally. Overall, the proposed
change is designed to attract additional
SPY public customer orders that remove
liquidity and SPY market-maker and
non-market-maker, non-customer orders
that add liquidity to the Exchange. The
Exchange believes that the new C2
market-maker rebate for SPY orders that
are NBBO Joiners or Setters would
incentivize entry on the Exchange of
more aggressive SPY orders that will
maintain tight spreads, benefitting both
Trading Permit Holders and public
investors criteria and, as a result,
provide for deeper levels of liquidity,
increasing trading opportunities for
other market participants, thus signaling
further trading activity, ultimately
incentivizing more overall order flow
and improving price transparency on
the Exchange.
Next, the Exchange believes the
proposed rule change does not impose
any burden on intermarket competition
that is not necessary or appropriate in
furtherance of the purposes of the Act.
As previously discussed, the Exchange
operates in a highly competitive market.
Members have numerous alternative
venues that they may participate on and
director their order flow, including 15
other options exchanges and offexchange venues. Additionally, the
Exchange represents a small percentage
of the overall market. Based on publicly
available information, no single options
exchange has more than 16% of the
market share. Therefore, no exchange
possesses significant pricing power in
the execution of option order flow.
Indeed, participants can readily choose
to send their orders to other exchange
and off-exchange venues if they deem
fee levels at those other venues to be
more favorable. Moreover, the
Commission has repeatedly expressed
its preference for competition over
regulatory intervention in determining
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prices, products, and services in the
securities markets. Specifically, in
Regulation NMS, the Commission
highlighted the importance of market
forces in determining prices and SRO
revenues and, also, recognized that
current regulation of the market system
‘‘has been remarkably successful in
promoting market competition in its
broader forms that are most important to
investors and listed companies.’’ The
fact that this market is competitive has
also long been recognized by the courts.
In NetCoalition v. Securities and
Exchange Commission, the D.C. Circuit
stated as follows: ‘‘[n]o one disputes
that competition for order flow is
‘fierce.’ . . . As the SEC explained, ‘[i]n
the U.S. national market system, buyers
and sellers of securities, and the brokerdealers that act as their order-routing
agents, have a wide range of choices of
where to route orders for execution’;
[and] ‘no exchange can afford to take its
market share percentages for granted’
because ‘no exchange possesses a
monopoly, regulatory or otherwise, in
the execution of order flow from broker
dealers’ . . . .’’. Accordingly, the
Exchange does not believe its proposed
fee change imposes any burden on
competition that is not necessary or
appropriate in furtherance of the
purposes of the Act.
C. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement on Comments on the
Proposed Rule Change Received From
Members, Participants, or Others
The Exchange has neither solicited
nor received written comments on the
proposed rule change.
III. Date of Effectiveness of the
Proposed Rule Change and Timing for
Commission Action
The foregoing rule change has become
effective pursuant to Section 19(b)(3)(A)
of the Act 13 and paragraph (f) of Rule
19b–4 14 thereunder. At any time within
60 days of the filing of the proposed rule
change, the Commission summarily may
temporarily suspend such rule change if
it appears to the Commission that such
action is necessary or appropriate in the
public interest, for the protection of
investors, or otherwise in furtherance of
the purposes of the Act. If the
Commission takes such action, the
Commission will institute proceedings
to determine whether the proposed rule
change should be approved or
disapproved.
13 15
14 17
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U.S.C. 78s(b)(3)(A).
CFR 240.19b–4(f).
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IV. Solicitation of Comments
Interested persons are invited to
submit written data, views, and
arguments concerning the foregoing,
including whether the proposed rule
change is consistent with the Act.
Comments may be submitted by any of
the following methods:
• Use the Commission’s internet
comment form (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml); or
• Send an email to rule-comments@
sec.gov. Please include File Number SR–
C2–2021–004 on the subject line.
Paper Comments
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• Send paper comments in triplicate
to Secretary, Securities and Exchange
Commission, 100 F Street NE,
Washington, DC 20549–1090.
All submissions should refer to File
Number SR–C2–2021–004. This file
number should be included on the
subject line if email is used. To help the
Commission process and review your
comments more efficiently, please use
only one method. The Commission will
post all comments on the Commission’s
internet website (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml). Copies of the
submission, all subsequent
amendments, all written statements
with respect to the proposed rule
change that are filed with the
Commission, and all written
communications relating to the
proposed rule change between the
Commission and any person, other than
those that may be withheld from the
public in accordance with the
provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be
available for website viewing and
printing in the Commission’s Public
Reference Room, 100 F Street NE,
Washington, DC 20549, on official
business days between the hours of
10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. Copies of the
filing also will be available for
inspection and copying at the principal
office of the Exchange. All comments
received will be posted without change.
Persons submitting comments are
cautioned that we do not redact or edit
personal identifying information from
comment submissions. You should
submit only information that you wish
to make available publicly. All
submissions should refer to File
Number SR–C2–2021–004 and should
be submitted on or before March 11,
2021.
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17:47 Feb 17, 2021
For the Commission, by the Division of
Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated
authority.15
J. Matthew DeLesDernier,
Assistant Secretary.
the places specified in Item IV below.
The Exchange has prepared summaries,
set forth in sections A, B, and C below,
of the most significant parts of such
statements.
[FR Doc. 2021–03213 Filed 2–17–21; 8:45 am]
A. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Purpose of, and the
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
Change
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
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[Release No. 34–91110; File No. SR–
NYSENAT–2021–02]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; NYSE
National, Inc.; Notice of Filing and
Immediate Effectiveness of Proposed
Rule Change To Amend Its Schedule of
Fees and Rebates
February 11, 2021.
Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) 1 of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the
‘‘Act’’) 2 and Rule 19b–4 thereunder,3
notice is hereby given that on February
1, 2021, NYSE National, Inc. (‘‘NYSE
National’’ or the ‘‘Exchange’’) filed with
the Securities and Exchange
Commission (the ‘‘Commission’’) the
proposed rule change as described in
Items I, II, and III below, which Items
have been prepared by the selfregulatory organization. The
Commission is publishing this notice to
solicit comments on the proposed rule
change from interested persons.
I. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Terms of Substance of
the Proposed Rule Change
The Exchange proposes to amend its
Schedule of Fees and Rebates (‘‘Fee
Schedule’’) to modify the requirements
to qualify for the Adding Tier 1 and 2
and Removing Tier 1. The Exchange
proposes to implement the rule change
on February 1, 2021. The proposed rule
change is available on the Exchange’s
website at www.nyse.com, at the
principal office of the Exchange, and at
the Commission’s Public Reference
Room.
II. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
Change
In its filing with the Commission, the
self-regulatory organization included
statements concerning the purpose of,
and basis for, the proposed rule change
and discussed any comments it received
on the proposed rule change. The text
of those statements may be examined at
15 17
CFR 200.30–3(a)(12).
U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
2 15 U.S.C. 78a.
3 17 CFR 240.19b–4.
1 15
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1. Purpose
The Exchange proposes to amend its
Schedule of Fees and Rebates (‘‘Fee
Schedule’’) to modify the requirements
to qualify for the Adding Tier 1 and 2
and Removing Tier 1.
The proposed changes respond to the
current competitive environment where
order flow providers have a choice of
where to direct liquidity-providing and
liquidity-removing orders by offering
further incentives for ETP Holders to
send additional displayed and nondisplayed liquidity to the Exchange.
The Exchange proposes to implement
the rule change on February 1, 2021.
Current Market and Competitive
Environment
The Exchange operates in a highly
competitive market. The Commission
has repeatedly expressed its preference
for competition over regulatory
intervention in determining prices,
products, and services in the securities
markets. Specifically, in Regulation
NMS, the Commission highlighted the
importance of market forces in
determining prices and SRO revenues
and, also, recognized that current
regulation of the market system ‘‘has
been remarkably successful in
promoting market competition in its
broader forms that are most important to
investors and listed companies.’’ 4
As the Commission itself recognized,
the market for trading services in NMS
stocks has become ‘‘more fragmented
and competitive.’’ 5 Indeed, equity
trading is currently dispersed across 16
exchanges,6 31 alternative trading
systems,7 and numerous broker-dealer
4 See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 51808
(June 9, 2005), 70 FR 37496, 37499 (S7–10–04)
(Final Rule) (‘‘Regulation NMS’’).
5 See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 51808,
84 FR 5202, 5253 (February 20, 2019) (File No. S7–
05–18) (Transaction Fee Pilot for NMS Stocks Final
Rule) (‘‘Transaction Fee Pilot’’).
6 See Cboe Global Markets, U.S. Equities Market
Volume Summary, available at https://
markets.cboe.com/us/equities/market_share/. See
generally https://www.sec.gov/fast-answers/
divisionsmarketregmrexchangesshtml.html.
7 See FINRA ATS Transparency Data, available at
https://otctransparency.finra.org/otctransparency/
AtsIssueData. Although 54 alternative trading
systems were registered with the Commission as of
July 29, 2019, only 31 are currently trading. A list
of alternative trading systems registered with the
Continued
E:\FR\FM\18FEN1.SGM
18FEN1
Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 86, Number 31 (Thursday, February 18, 2021)]
[Notices]
[Pages 10142-10145]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2021-03213]
[[Page 10142]]
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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
[Release No. 34-91108; File No. SR-C2-2021-004]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; Cboe C2 Exchange, Inc.; Notice of
Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of a Proposed Rule Change Relating
To Amend Its Fees Schedule
February 11, 2021.
Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
(the ``Act''),\1\ and Rule 19b-4 thereunder,\2\ notice is hereby given
that on February 5, 2021, Cboe C2 Exchange, Inc. (the ``Exchange'' or
``C2'') filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the
``Commission'') the proposed rule change as described in Items I, II,
and III below, which Items have been prepared by the Exchange. The
Commission is publishing this notice to solicit comments on the
proposed rule change from interested persons.
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\1\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
\2\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4.
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I. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Terms of Substance
of the Proposed Rule Change
Cboe C2 Exchange, Inc. (the ``Exchange'' or ``C2'') is filing with
the Securities and Exchange Commission (``Commission'') a proposed rule
change to amend the Fees Schedule. The text of the proposed rule change
is provided in Exhibit 5.
The text of the proposed rule change is also available on the
Exchange's website (https://markets.cboe.com/us/options/regulation/rule_filings/ctwo/), at the Exchange's Office of the Secretary, and at
the Commission's Public Reference Room.
II. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change
In its filing with the Commission, the Exchange included statements
concerning the purpose of and basis for the proposed rule change and
discussed any comments it received on the proposed rule change. The
text of these statements may be examined at the places specified in
Item IV below. The Exchange has prepared summaries, set forth in
sections A, B, and C below, of the most significant aspects of such
statements.
A. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change
1. Purpose
The Exchange proposes to amend its Fee Schedule to amend certain
standard transaction fees for AAPL, QQQ, IWM and SLV transactions.
Specifically, the Exchange proposes to (1) amend the transaction fee
for public customer AAPL, QQQ, IWM and SLV orders that remove
liquidity, (2) amend the rebate for C2 Market Maker AAPL, QQQ, IWM and
SLV orders that add liquidity, (3) amend the rebate for non-Customer,
non-Market Maker AAPL, QQQ, IWM and SLV orders that add liquidity and
(4) adopt an enhanced rebate for C2 Market Maker AAPL, QQQ, IWM and SLV
orders that are NBBO Joiners or NBBO Setters.\3\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\3\ The Exchange initially filed the proposed fee changes on
February 1, 2021 (SR-C2-2021-003). On February 5, 2021, the Exchange
withdrew that filing and submitted this proposal.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Exchange first notes that it operates in a highly competitive
market in which market participants can readily direct order flow to
competing venues if they deem fee levels at a particular venue to be
excessive or incentives to be insufficient. More specifically, the
Exchange is only one of 16 options venues to which market participants
may direct their order flow. Based on publicly available information,
no single options exchange has more than 16% of the market share and
currently the Exchange represents approximately 3% of the market
share.\4\ Thus, in such a low-concentrated and highly competitive
market, no single options exchange, including the Exchange, possesses
significant pricing power in the execution of option order flow. The
Exchange believes that the ever-shifting market share among the
exchanges from month to month demonstrates that market participants can
shift order flow or discontinue to reduce use of certain categories of
products, in response to fee changes. Accordingly, competitive forces
constrain the Exchange's transaction fees, and market participants can
readily trade on competing venues if they deem pricing levels at those
other venues to be more favorable.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\4\ See Cboe Global Markets U.S. Options Market Volume Summary
by Month (January 26, 2021), available at https://markets.cboe.com/us/options/market_statistics/.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
First, the Exchange proposes to amend the transaction fee for
Public Customer orders in AAPL, QQQ, IWM and SLV that remove liquidity.
Currently, public customer orders in all equity, multiply-listed index,
ETF and ETN penny options classes, including AAPL, QQQ, IWM and SLV,
that remove liquidity are assessed a standard transaction fee of $0.43
per contract and yield fee code ``PC''. The Exchange proposes to remove
orders in AAPL, QQQ, IWM and SLV from fee code PC and, instead, assess
fee code ``SC'' for Public Customer orders in AAPL, QQQ, IWM and SLV
that remove liquidity. Fee code SC is currently appended to Public
Customer orders in SPY that remove liquidity and assesses a reduced fee
(from that of fee code PC) of $0.39 per contract.\5\
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\5\ The Exchange notes that when it adopted the SPY pricing
table and fee codes SC, SL, SM and SN, it inadvertently did not add
these fee codes to the ``Fee Codes and Associated Fees'' table,
which lists all available fee codes for orders on C2. The Exchange
will now add these fee codes to the ``Fee Codes and Associated
Fees'' table. This does not change any current rates or alter the
description (except as proposed herein) of these fee codes. See
Securities Exchange Release No. 89828 (September 11, 2020), 85 FR
58078 (September 17, 2020) (SR-C2-2020-013).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Exchange next proposes to amend the rebate for C2 Market Maker
orders in AAPL, QQQ, IWM and SLV that add liquidity. Currently, C2
Market Makers orders in all equity, multiply-listed index, ETF and ETN
penny options classes, including AAPL, QQQ, IWM and SLV, that add
liquidity are provided a rebate of $0.41 per contract and yield fee
code ``PM''. The Exchange proposes to remove orders in AAPL, QQQ, IWM
and SLV from fee code PM and, instead, assess existing fee code ``SM''
for C2 Market Maker orders in AAPL, QQQ, IWM and SLV. Fee code SM is
currently appended to C2 Market Maker orders in SPY that add liquidity
and offer a reduced rebate (from that of fee code PM) of $0.26 per
contract.
The Exchange also proposes to amend the rebate for non-Market
Maker, non-Customer orders in AAPL, QQQ, IWM and SLV that add
liquidity. Currently, non-Market Maker, non-Customer orders (i.e.,
Professional Customer, Firm, Broker/Dealer, non-C2 Market Maker, JBO,
etc.) in all equity, multiply-listed index, ETF and ETN penny options
classes, including AAPL, QQQ, IWM and SLV, that add liquidity are
provided a rebate of $0.36 per contract and yield fee code PN. The
Exchange proposes to remove orders in AAPL, QQQ, IWM and SLV from fee
code PN and, instead, assess existing fee code ``SN'' on non-Market
Maker, non-Customer orders in AAPL, QQQ, IWM and SLV that add
liquidity. Fee code SN is currently appended to such orders in SPY and
assesses a reduced rebate (from that of fee code PN) of $0.20 per
contract.
[[Page 10143]]
The Exchange also proposes to add C2 Market Maker orders in AAPL,
QQQ, IWM and SLV to existing fee code ``SL''. Fee code SL is currently
appended to C2 Market Maker orders in SPY that add liquidity and are a
National Best Bid or Offer (``NBBO'') Joiner or NBBO Setter and offers
a rebate of $0.31 per contract for such orders. Particularly, to
qualify as a NBBO Joiner, a C2 market-maker order must improve the C2
Best Bid or Offer (``BBO'') and result in C2 joining an existing NBBO.
Only the first order received that results in C2 BBO joining the NBBO
at a new price level will qualify for the enhanced rebate. If C2 is at
the NBBO, the order will not qualify. Alternatively, C2 Market Makers
may receive the enhanced rebate if they are a NBBO Setter. To qualify
as a NBBO Setter and receive the enhanced rebate, a C2 Market Maker
order must set the NBBO. The Exchange believes assessing fee code SL
and the corresponding enhanced rebate for C2 Market Makers in AAPL,
QQQ, IWM and SLV that are NBBO Joiners or Setters will incentivize
liquidity providers to provide more aggressively priced liquidity in
AAPL, QQQ, IWM and SLV options.
The Exchange also proposes to add AAPL, QQQ, IWM and SLV to the
table in the Fees Schedule that currently sets forth SPY-specific
pricing. Like with SPY, the Exchange also proposes to clarify that the
first transaction fee table, which does not apply to RUT, DJX and SPY,
also does not apply to AAPL, QQQ, IWM and SLV. The Exchange notes that
transaction fees and rebates that apply to (1) Public Customer orders
in AAPL, QQQ, IWM and SLV that add liquidity (existing fee code ``PY'')
(2) C2 Market Maker orders in AAPL, QQQ, IWM and SLV that remove
liquidity (existing fee code ``PR''), (3) non-Market Maker, non-
Customer orders in AAPL, QQQ, IWM and SLV that remove liquidity
(existing fee code ``PP), (4) orders in AAPL, QQQ, IWM and SLV that
trade at the open (existing fee code ``OO'') and (5) resting orders in
AAPL, QQQ, IWM and SLV that trade with resting complex orders (existing
fee code ``CA'') are not changing, nor are the associated fee codes.
2. Statutory Basis
The Exchange believes that the proposed rule change is consistent
with the objectives of Section 6 of the Act,\6\ in general, and
furthers the objectives of Section 6(b)(4),\7\ in particular, as it is
designed to provide for the equitable allocation of reasonable dues,
fees and other charges among its Members and issuers and other persons
using its facilities. The Exchange also believes that the proposed rule
change is consistent with the objectives of Section 6(b)(5) \8\
requirements that the rules of an exchange be designed to prevent
fraudulent and manipulative acts and practices, to promote just and
equitable principles of trade, to foster cooperation and coordination
with persons engaged in regulating, clearing, settling, processing
information with respect to, and facilitating transactions in
securities, to remove impediments to and perfect the mechanism of a
free and open market and a national market system, and, in general, to
protect investors and the public interest, and, particularly, is not
designed to permit unfair discrimination between customers, issuers,
brokers, or dealers.
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\6\ 15 U.S.C. 78f.
\7\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(4).
\8\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
As described above, the Exchange operates in a highly competitive
market in which market participants can readily direct order flow to
competing venues if they deem fee levels at a particular venue to be
excessive or incentives to be insufficient. In particular, the proposed
changes to Exchange execution fees and rebates for certain orders in
AAPL, QQQ, IWM and SLV are intended to attract order flow to the
Exchange by continuing to offer competitive pricing while also creating
additional incentives to providing aggressively priced displayed
liquidity, which the Exchange believes would enhance market quality to
the benefit of all market participants.
The Exchange believes its proposed changes are reasonable as they
are competitive and in line with the Exchange's current pricing for the
same orders in SPY and with pricing for many of the same products at
other exchanges.\9\ The Exchange believes that it is reasonable to
reduce the transaction fee for Public Customer orders in AAPL, QQQ, IWM
and SLV that remove liquidity because market participants will be
subject to lower fees for such orders and thus may be encouraged to
increase retail AAPL, QQQ, IWM and SLV order flow to the Exchange. The
Exchange believes that it is reasonable to reduce the rebates for both
C2 Market Maker and non-Market Maker, non-Customer orders in AAPL, QQQ,
IWM and SLV that add liquidity because such market participants will
still receive rebates for such orders, albeit at a lower amount, which
are already in place for such orders in SPY. Additionally, Market
Makers that are NBBO Joiners or Setters would be eligible to receive
the same enhanced rebate currently offered for joining or setting an
NBBO in SPY. The Exchange believes that offering the NBBO Joiner and
Setter rebate for Market Maker orders in AAPL, QQQ, IWM and SLV is
reasonable as it is designed to incentivize C2 Market Makers to improve
the C2 BBO resulting in C2 joining an existing NBBO or setting a new
NBBO to receive the rebate, ultimately encouraging C2 Market Makers to
submit more aggressive AAPL, QQQ, IWM and SLV orders that will maintain
tight spreads, benefitting both Trading Permit Holders and public
investors.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\9\ See e.g., MIAX Pearl Fee Schedule, Section 1 Transaction
Rebates/Fees, which provides for a fee of $0.50 per contract for
priority customer IWM and QQQ orders that remove liquidity. See also
Nasdaq ISE Pricing Schedule, Section 3, Footnote 5, which provides
for tiered rebates for market-maker SPY orders that add liquidity
between $0.05-$0.26 per contract.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Exchange also believes it is reasonable, equitable and not
unfairly discriminatory to adopt pricing specific to certain orders in
AAPL, QQQ, IWM and SLV as the Exchange already maintains the same
pricing for such orders in SPY, as well as similar product-specific
pricing for certain orders in other products, such as RUT and DJX.\10\
Additionally, as noted above, other exchanges similarly provide for
product-specific pricing.\11\
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\10\ See Cboe C2 Options Exchange Fees Schedule, Transaction
Fees.
\11\ See e.g., MIAX Pearl Fee Schedule, Section 1 Transaction
Rebates/Fees, which provides for a fee of $0.46 per contract for
priority customer SPY orders that remove liquidity. See also Nasdaq
ISE Pricing Schedule, Section 3, Footnote 5, which provides for
tiered rebates for market maker IWM and QCC orders that add
liquidity between $0.05 and $0.26 per contract, as well as tired
rebates for market maker orders in similar, single-name options
(AMZN, FB, and NVDA) between $0.15 and $0.22.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Exchange also believes that it is equitable and not unfairly
discriminatory to assess a lower fee for Public Customer orders in
AAPL, QQQ, IWM and SLV as compared to other market participants because
customer order flow enhances liquidity on the Exchange for the benefit
of all market participants. Specifically, customer liquidity benefits
all market participants by providing more trading opportunities, which
attracts Market Makers. An increase in the activity of these market
participants in turn facilitates tighter spreads, which may cause an
additional corresponding increase in order flow from other market
participants. Moreover, the options industry has a long history of
providing preferential pricing to customers, and the Exchange's current
Fee Schedule currently does so in many places, as do the fees
structures of multiple other
[[Page 10144]]
exchanges.\12\ The Exchange notes that the proposed fee change will be
applied equally to all Public Customers.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\12\ See Cboe C2 Options Exchange Fees Schedule, Transaction
Fees. See also BZX Options Fee Schedule, Fee Codes and Associated
Fees.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Additionally, the Exchange believes that it is equitable and not
unfairly discriminatory to assess higher rebates to Market Makers that
add liquidity as compared to other market participants, other than
customers, because Market Makers, unlike other market participants,
take on a number of obligations, including quoting obligations, which
other market participants do not have. Further, these rebates are
intended to incent Market Makers to quote and trade more on C2 Options,
thereby providing more trading opportunities for all market
participants. The Exchange notes that the proposed changes to C2 Market
Maker rebates for AAPL, QQQ, IWM and SLV options will be applied
equally to all C2 Market Makers. Similarly, the Exchange believes it is
equitable and not unfairly discriminatory to provide C2 Market Makers
that are NBBO Joiners or Setters in AAPL, QQQ, IWM and SLV an enhanced
rebate because such market participants are providing more aggressively
priced liquidity in AAPL, QQQ, IWM and SLV options. Additionally,
increased add volume order flow, particularly by liquidity providers,
contributes to a deeper, more liquid market, which, in turn, provides
for increased execution opportunities and thus overall enhanced price
discovery and price improvement opportunities on the Exchange. As such,
this benefits all market participants by contributing towards a robust
and well-balanced market ecosystem, offering additional flexibility for
all investors to enjoy cost savings, supporting the quality of price
discovery, promoting market transparency and improving investor
protection. The Exchange believes the proposed change to the rebate for
non-Market Maker, non-Customer AAPL, QQQ, IWM and SLV orders is also
equitable and not unfairly discriminatory because it will be applied
equally to all non-market-makers, non-customers.
B. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement on Burden on Competition
The Exchange does not believe that the proposed rule change will
impose any burden on intramarket or intermarket competition that is not
necessary or appropriate in furtherance of the purposes of the Act.
Rather, as discussed above, the Exchange believes that the proposed
change would encourage the submission of additional liquidity in SPY to
a public exchange, thereby promoting market depth, price discovery and
transparency and enhancing order execution opportunities for all
Trading Permit Holders. As a result, the Exchange believes that the
proposed change furthers the Commission's goal in adopting Regulation
NMS of fostering competition among orders, which promotes ``more
efficient pricing of individual stocks for all types of orders, large
and small.''
The Exchange believes the proposed rule change does not impose any
burden on intramarket competition that is not necessary or appropriate
in furtherance of the purposes of the Act. Particularly, the proposed
change applies to all similarly situated Trading Permit Holders
equally. Overall, the proposed change is designed to attract additional
SPY public customer orders that remove liquidity and SPY market-maker
and non-market-maker, non-customer orders that add liquidity to the
Exchange. The Exchange believes that the new C2 market-maker rebate for
SPY orders that are NBBO Joiners or Setters would incentivize entry on
the Exchange of more aggressive SPY orders that will maintain tight
spreads, benefitting both Trading Permit Holders and public investors
criteria and, as a result, provide for deeper levels of liquidity,
increasing trading opportunities for other market participants, thus
signaling further trading activity, ultimately incentivizing more
overall order flow and improving price transparency on the Exchange.
Next, the Exchange believes the proposed rule change does not
impose any burden on intermarket competition that is not necessary or
appropriate in furtherance of the purposes of the Act. As previously
discussed, the Exchange operates in a highly competitive market.
Members have numerous alternative venues that they may participate on
and director their order flow, including 15 other options exchanges and
off-exchange venues. Additionally, the Exchange represents a small
percentage of the overall market. Based on publicly available
information, no single options exchange has more than 16% of the market
share. Therefore, no exchange possesses significant pricing power in
the execution of option order flow. Indeed, participants can readily
choose to send their orders to other exchange and off-exchange venues
if they deem fee levels at those other venues to be more favorable.
Moreover, the Commission has repeatedly expressed its preference for
competition over regulatory intervention in determining prices,
products, and services in the securities markets. Specifically, in
Regulation NMS, the Commission highlighted the importance of market
forces in determining prices and SRO revenues and, also, recognized
that current regulation of the market system ``has been remarkably
successful in promoting market competition in its broader forms that
are most important to investors and listed companies.'' The fact that
this market is competitive has also long been recognized by the courts.
In NetCoalition v. Securities and Exchange Commission, the D.C. Circuit
stated as follows: ``[n]o one disputes that competition for order flow
is `fierce.' . . . As the SEC explained, `[i]n the U.S. national market
system, buyers and sellers of securities, and the broker-dealers that
act as their order-routing agents, have a wide range of choices of
where to route orders for execution'; [and] `no exchange can afford to
take its market share percentages for granted' because `no exchange
possesses a monopoly, regulatory or otherwise, in the execution of
order flow from broker dealers' . . . .''. Accordingly, the Exchange
does not believe its proposed fee change imposes any burden on
competition that is not necessary or appropriate in furtherance of the
purposes of the Act.
C. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement on Comments on the Proposed
Rule Change Received From Members, Participants, or Others
The Exchange has neither solicited nor received written comments on
the proposed rule change.
III. Date of Effectiveness of the Proposed Rule Change and Timing for
Commission Action
The foregoing rule change has become effective pursuant to Section
19(b)(3)(A) of the Act \13\ and paragraph (f) of Rule 19b-4 \14\
thereunder. At any time within 60 days of the filing of the proposed
rule change, the Commission summarily may temporarily suspend such rule
change if it appears to the Commission that such action is necessary or
appropriate in the public interest, for the protection of investors, or
otherwise in furtherance of the purposes of the Act. If the Commission
takes such action, the Commission will institute proceedings to
determine whether the proposed rule change should be approved or
disapproved.
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\13\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(3)(A).
\14\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4(f).
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[[Page 10145]]
IV. Solicitation of Comments
Interested persons are invited to submit written data, views, and
arguments concerning the foregoing, including whether the proposed rule
change is consistent with the Act. Comments may be submitted by any of
the following methods:
Electronic Comments
Use the Commission's internet comment form (https://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml); or
Send an email to [email protected]. Please include
File Number SR-C2-2021-004 on the subject line.
Paper Comments
Send paper comments in triplicate to Secretary, Securities
and Exchange Commission, 100 F Street NE, Washington, DC 20549-1090.
All submissions should refer to File Number SR-C2-2021-004. This file
number should be included on the subject line if email is used. To help
the Commission process and review your comments more efficiently,
please use only one method. The Commission will post all comments on
the Commission's internet website (https://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml).
Copies of the submission, all subsequent amendments, all written
statements with respect to the proposed rule change that are filed with
the Commission, and all written communications relating to the proposed
rule change between the Commission and any person, other than those
that may be withheld from the public in accordance with the provisions
of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be available for website viewing and printing in
the Commission's Public Reference Room, 100 F Street NE, Washington, DC
20549, on official business days between the hours of 10:00 a.m. and
3:00 p.m. Copies of the filing also will be available for inspection
and copying at the principal office of the Exchange. All comments
received will be posted without change.
Persons submitting comments are cautioned that we do not redact or
edit personal identifying information from comment submissions. You
should submit only information that you wish to make available
publicly. All submissions should refer to File Number SR-C2-2021-004
and should be submitted on or before March 11, 2021.
For the Commission, by the Division of Trading and Markets,
pursuant to delegated authority.\15\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\15\ 17 CFR 200.30-3(a)(12).
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J. Matthew DeLesDernier,
Assistant Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2021-03213 Filed 2-17-21; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011-01-P