Self-Regulatory Organizations; Nasdaq PHLX LLC; Order Instituting Proceedings To Determine Whether To Approve or Disapprove a Proposed Rule Change To List and Trade Options on a Nasdaq-100 Volatility Index, 79552-79555 [2020-27090]
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79552
Federal Register / Vol. 85, No. 238 / Thursday, December 10, 2020 / Notices
the U.S. national market system, buyers
and sellers of securities, and the brokerdealers that act as their order-routing
agents, have a wide range of choices of
where to route orders for execution’;
[and] ‘no exchange can afford to take its
market share percentages for granted’
because ‘no exchange possesses a
monopoly, regulatory or otherwise, in
the execution of order flow from broker
dealers’. . . .’’.15 Accordingly, the
Exchange does not believe its proposed
fee change imposes any burden on
competition that is not necessary or
appropriate in furtherance of the
purposes of the Act.
C. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement on Comments on the
Proposed Rule Change Received From
Members, Participants, or Others
The Exchange neither solicited nor
received comments on the proposed
rule change.
III. Date of Effectiveness of the
Proposed Rule Change and Timing for
Commission Action
The foregoing rule change has become
effective pursuant to Section 19(b)(3)(A)
of the Act 16 and paragraph (f) of Rule
19b–4 thereunder.17 At any time within
60 days of the filing of the proposed rule
change, the Commission summarily may
temporarily suspend such rule change if
it appears to the Commission that such
action is necessary or appropriate in the
public interest, for the protection of
investors, or otherwise in furtherance of
the purposes of the Act. If the
Commission takes such action, the
Commission will institute proceedings
to determine whether the proposed rule
change should be approved or
disapproved.
IV. Solicitation of Comments
Interested persons are invited to
submit written data, views, and
arguments concerning the foregoing,
including whether the proposed rule
change is consistent with the Act.
Comments may be submitted by any of
the following methods:
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Electronic Comments
• Use the Commission’s internet
comment form (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml); or
• Send an email to rule-comments@
sec.gov. Please include File Number SRCboeBZX–2020–088 on the subject line.
15 NetCoalition v. SEC, 615 F.3d 525, 539 (DC Cir.
2010) (quoting Securities Exchange Act Release No.
59039 (December 2, 2008), 73 FR 74770, 74782–83
(December 9, 2008) (SR–NYSEArca-2006–21)).
16 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(3)(A).
17 17 CFR 240.19b–4(f).
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Paper Comments
• Send paper comments in triplicate
to Secretary, Securities and Exchange
Commission, 100 F Street NE,
Washington, DC 20549–1090.
All submissions should refer to File
Number SR-CboeBZX–2020–088. This
file number should be included on the
subject line if email is used. To help the
Commission process and review your
comments more efficiently, please use
only one method. The Commission will
post all comments on the Commission’s
internet website (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml). Copies of the
submission, all subsequent
amendments, all written statements
with respect to the proposed rule
change that are filed with the
Commission, and all written
communications relating to the
proposed rule change between the
Commission and any person, other than
those that may be withheld from the
public in accordance with the
provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be
available for website viewing and
printing in the Commission’s Public
Reference Room, 100 F Street NE,
Washington, DC 20549, on official
business days between the hours of
10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. Copies of the
filing also will be available for
inspection and copying at the principal
office of the Exchange. All comments
received will be posted without change.
Persons submitting comments are
cautioned that we do not redact or edit
personal identifying information from
comment submissions. You should
submit only information that you wish
to make available publicly. All
submissions should refer to File
Number SR-CboeBZX–2020–088 and
should be submitted on or before
December 31, 2020.
For the Commission, by the Division of
Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated
authority.18
J. Matthew DeLesDernier,
Assistant Secretary.
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
[Release No. 34–90573; File No. SR-Phlx–
2020–41]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; Nasdaq
PHLX LLC; Order Instituting
Proceedings To Determine Whether To
Approve or Disapprove a Proposed
Rule Change To List and Trade
Options on a Nasdaq-100 Volatility
Index
December 4, 2020.
I. Introduction
On August 24, 2020, Nasdaq PHLX
LLC (‘‘Exchange’’ or ‘‘Phlx’’) filed with
the Securities and Exchange
Commission (‘‘Commission’’), pursuant
to Section 19(b)(1) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 (‘‘Act’’) 1 and Rule
19b–4 thereunder,2 a proposed rule
change to list and trade options on a
Nasdaq-100 Volatility Index (‘‘VOLQ’’
or ‘‘Volatility Index’’). The proposed
rule change was published for comment
in the Federal Register on September 8,
2020.3 On October 20, 2020, pursuant to
Section 19(b)(2) of the Act,4 the
Commission designated a longer period
within which to approve the proposed
rule change, disapprove the proposed
rule change, or institute proceedings to
determine whether to disapprove the
proposed rule change.5 This order
institutes proceedings under Section
19(b)(2)(B) of the Act 6 to determine
whether to approve or disapprove the
proposed rule change.
II. Description of and Comment on the
Proposed Rule Change
A. Description of the Proposal
The Exchange proposes to list and
trade options on VOLQ, a new index
that measures changes in 30-day
implied volatility of the Nasdaq-100
Index (‘‘Nasdaq-100 Index’’ or ‘‘NDX’’).
As proposed, options on the VOLQ will
be cash-settled and will have Europeanstyle exercise provisions. The Exchange
states that the Volatility Index will
measure ‘‘at-the-money’’ volatility. The
Volatility Index, calculated using
[FR Doc. 2020–27088 Filed 12–9–20; 8:45 am]
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BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
18 17
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U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
CFR 240.19b–4.
3 See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 89725
(September 1, 2020), 85 FR 55544 (‘‘Notice’’).
Comment received on the Notice is available on the
Commission’s website at: https://www.sec.gov/
comments/sr-phlx-2020-41/srphlx202041.htm.
4 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(2).
5 See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 90226,
85 FR 67781 (October 26, 2020). The Commission
designated December 7, 2020 as the date by which
the Commission shall approve or disapprove, or
institute proceedings to determine whether to
disapprove, the proposed rule change.
6 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(2)(B).
2 17
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published real-time bid/ask quotes of
NDX options, represents 30-day implied
volatility and will be disseminated in
annualized percentage points.7
The Exchange proposes to list up to
six weekly expirations and up to 12
standard (monthly) expirations in
Volatility Index options. The six weekly
expirations will be for the nearest
weekly expirations from the actual
listing date, and the weekly expirations
will not expire in the same week in
which standard (monthly) Volatility
Index options expire. Standard
(monthly) expirations in the Volatility
Index options will not be counted as
part of the maximum six weekly
expirations permitted for Volatility
Index options.8 In addition, the
Exchange proposes that long term
option series having up to sixty months
to expiration may be listed and traded.9
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Volatility Index Design and
Composition 10
The Exchange states that the Volatility
Index 11 reflects changes in 30-day
implied volatility, which measures the
magnitude of changes of the underlying
broad-based securities index, NDX. The
Exchange further states that NDX
includes 100 of the largest 12 domestic
and international non-financial
companies listed on The Nasdaq Stock
Market LLC based on market
capitalization. According to the
Exchange, the Volatility Index, which
the Exchange considers a broad-based
securities index pursuant to Phlx
7 The Exchange proposes to amend Phlx Options
4A, Section 12, ‘‘Terms of Option Contracts,’’ at
subparagraphs (b)(2), (b)(6) and (e) as well as
Supplementary Material .01 to Options 4A, Section
12. The Exchange also proposes to amend Phlx
Options 3. Section 3, ‘‘Minimum Increments’’ and
Options 4A, Section 6, ‘‘Position Limits.’’
8 See Phlx Options 4A, Section 12, Terms of
Option Contracts, proposed new section (b)(viii)(A).
9 Phlx Options 4A, Section 12(b)(2), as proposed
to be amended. Phlx Rule Options 4A, Section
12(b)(2) currently applies only to stock index
options and would be amended to permit listing of
long term Volatility Index options.
10 For the Exchange’s complete description of the
proposal, including more information about the
Volatility Index calculation methodology, see
Notice, supra note 3.
11 The calculation of the Volatility Index is based
on the methodology developed by NShares LLC.
12 The Exchange reports that as of June 30, 2020,
there were 78 components in the bottom 25% of
Nasdaq-100 Index weight. From January 1 through
June 30, 2020, these components had an Average
Daily Dollar Trading Volume of $29.7 billion. The
Average Daily Dollar Trading Volume of the least
active component was $41.1 million. The aggregate
market capitalization of the 78 components was
$2.60 trillion. The Exchange states that the Nasdaq100 Index reflects companies across major industry
groups including computer hardware and software,
telecommunications, retail/wholesale trade, and
biotechnology. It does not contain securities of
financial companies including investment
companies.
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Options 4A, Section 2(a)(13),13
measures the expectation for market
volatility over the next thirty calendar
days as expressed by options on NDX.
The Exchange explains that the
Volatility Index uses the bid and offer
prices of certain listed options on
NDX 14 to obtain the prices of synthetic
precisely at-the-money (‘‘ATM’’)
options, which are then used to
calculate 30-day closed-form implied
volatility. Finally, the 30-day closedform implied volatility is multiplied by
100 to calculate the Volatility Index
level. The Volatility Index is quoted in
annualized percentage points. For
example, an Index level of 17.90
represents an annualized implied
volatility of 17.90%.
The Exchange believes that the
proposed product does not have single
or aggregated component concentration
risk. The Exchange states that the
methodology caps each single
component as well as the top five
weighted components. The Exchange
further states that no component
security of the Volatility Index
comprises more than 12.50% of the
index’s weighting and that the five
weighted component securities of the
Volatility Index in the aggregate do not
comprise more than 43.75% of the
index’s weighting.
Index Calculation and Maintenance
The Exchange states that the level of
the Volatility Index will reflect the
current 30-day implied volatility of
NDX. The Volatility Index will be
updated on a real-time basis on each
trading day beginning at 9:30 a.m. and
ending at 4:15 p.m. (New York time). If
the current published value of a
component is not available, the last
published value will be used in the
calculation. Values of the Volatility
Index will be disseminated via the
Nasdaq GIDS market data system every
fifteen seconds during the Exchange’s
regular trading hours to market
information vendors such as Bloomberg
and Thomson Reuters. In the event the
Volatility Index ceases to be maintained
or calculated the Exchange will not list
any additional series for trading and
will limit all transactions in such
options to closing transactions only for
13 Phlx Options 4A, Section 2(a)(13) define a
‘‘market index’’ and ‘‘broad-based index’’ to mean
an index designed to be representative of a stock
market as a whole or of a range of companies in
unrelated industries. The Exchange states that, like
the Cboe Volatility Index (‘‘VIX’’), VOLQ is an
implied volatility index and not a realized volatility
index.
14 For any calculation of synthetic precisely ATM
option prices, a total of thirty-two component
options are used, comprising four calls and four
puts from each of four consecutive weeks.
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the purpose of maintaining a fair and
orderly market and protecting investors.
Exercise and Settlement Value
The exercise settlement value
calculation used for Volatility Index
option settlement will be calculated on
the same day as the Volatility Index
Options expiration date. The exercise
settlement value of a Volatility Index
option will be calculated on the specific
date (usually a Wednesday) identified in
the option symbol for the series. If that
Wednesday or the Friday that is thirty
days following that Wednesday is an
Exchange holiday, the exercise
settlement value will be calculated on
the business day immediately preceding
that Wednesday. The last trading day for
a Volatility Index option will be the
business day immediately preceding the
expiration date of the Volatility Index
option. When the last trading day is
moved because of an Exchange holiday,
the last trading day for an expiring
Volatility Index option contract will be
the day immediately preceding the last
regularly scheduled business day.15
Monthly options on the Volatility
Index will expire on the Wednesday
that is thirty days prior to the third
Friday of the calendar month
immediately following the expiring
month. Trading in expiring options on
the Volatility Index will normally cease
at 4:15 p.m. (New York time) on the
Tuesday preceding an expiration
Wednesday.
Final Settlement 16
The Exchange states that the final
settlement price (Ticker Symbol: VOLS)
will be calculated as described below on
Wednesday commencing at 9:32:000
a.m. (New York time) on the expiration
day, and continuing each second for the
next 300 seconds (‘‘Closing Settlement
Period’’). The exercise settlement
amount will be equal to the difference
between the final settlement price and
the exercise price of the option,
multiplied by $100. Exercise will result
in the delivery of cash on the business
day following expiration.
The Volatility Index’s component
NDX options are listed on Phlx as well
as on the Exchange’s affiliates, Nasdaq
ISE, LLC (‘‘ISE’’) and Nasdaq GEMX,
LLC (‘‘GEMX’’). The settlement value for
the Volatility Index options (VOLS) will
be the Closing Volume Weighted
Average Price (‘‘Closing VWAP’’), to be
determined by reference to the prices
and sizes of executed transactions or
15 See Phlx Options 4A, Section 12, ‘‘Terms of
Option Contracts,’’ proposed new section (b)(6)(B)
and (C).
16 For a full description of the final settlement
process, see Notice supra note 3.
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quotes in the thirty-two underlying NDX
component options 17 on the Exchange
calculated at the opening of trading on
the expiration date. As part of the
Exchange’s calculation of the Closing
VWAP, the Exchange will observe the
number of contracts of the then-current
NDX component options traded on Phlx
at each price during individual onesecond intervals of the Closing
Settlement Period on the expiration
day.18 If no transactions occur on Phlx
in a NDX component option during any
one-second observation period, the
NBBO midpoint of each of the NDX
component options for which a
transaction has not occurred 19 at the
end of the one second observation
period will be considered the One
Second VWAP for that observation
period for purposes of the settlement
methodology. The NBBO midpoint will
be the midpoint of the best bid and best
offer from Phlx, ISE, and GEMX.20 Each
One Second VWAP for each component
option is then used to calculate the
Volatility Index, resulting in the
calculation of 300 sequential Volatility
Index values. Finally, all 300 Volatility
Index values will be arithmetically
averaged (i.e., the sum of 300 Volatility
Index calculations is divided by 300)
and the resulting figure is rounded to
the nearest .01 to arrive at the settlement
value.
The Exchange believes that the
Volatility Index final settlement has
exceedingly high hurdles for potential
manipulation. First, the Exchange
believes that market participants cannot
predict which components will be
included in the final settlement.
Second, the Exchange believes that
traders are subject to highly competitive
market forces of deep and established
market liquidity. For example, the
Exchange notes that during each second
of the final settlement observation
17 The Exchange states that, dependent upon
movement in the Nasdaq-100 Index, the thirty-two
underlying NDX component options can change
every second.
18 The Exchange calculates a volume weighted
average price for each one-second observation
period (a ‘‘One Second VWAP’’) for each
component option.
19 The Volatility Index’s component NDX options
are listed on Phlx as well as on the Exchange’s
affiliates, ISE and GEMX. The Exchange reports that
NDX average bid/ask spreads for all component
options at each second for each of four expiration
dates (11/21/2018, 12/19/2018, 1/16/2019, and 2/
13/2019) commencing at 9:30:15 a.m. is 5.52%.
Commencing at 9:32.010 a.m. the NDX average bid/
ask spreads for all component options at each
second for each of four expiration dates is 3.72%.
The Exchange believes that this demonstrates quote
stability at 2 minutes after the opening.
20 By considering the NBBO of all three markets,
the Exchange believes the risk of manipulation is
tempered by the consideration of a larger number
of quotes from multiple Market Makers.
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period on January 16, 2019 and
February 13, 2019, the average notional
value of each bid of the thirty-two
components was $21.1 million; the
average notional value of each offer was
$13.5 million. Third, the Exchange
states that since the Volatility Index
assesses each second of all listed NDX
options, this is a continuous assessment
of competitive price action and
voluminous trading activity for all
Nasdaq-100 Index stock components. In
support, the Exchange notes that during
the final settlement observation period
(five-minute period) on January 16, 2019
and February 13, 2019, the average
summation of traded volume for all
Nasdaq-100 Index component shares
was 18.8 million shares. The average
total value of all Nasdaq-100 Index
shares traded during the final settlement
observation period was $1.93 billion.
The corresponding market capitalization
for all Nasdaq-100 Index components
during the final settlement period was
$7.8 trillion.
Contract Specifications
The proposed Options on the
Volatility Index are European-style and
cash-settled. The Exchange’s standard
trading hours for broad-based index
options (9:30 a.m. to 4:15 p.m., New
York time) will apply to the Volatility
Index options under Phlx Options 4A,
Section 12 at Supplementary Material
.01, as proposed to be amended. The
Exchange proposes to apply margin
requirements for the purchase and sale
of options on the Volatility Index that
are identical to those applied for its
other broad-based index options.
The trading of options on the
Volatility Index will be subject to the
trading halt procedures applicable to
other index options traded on the
Exchange.21 Options on the Index will
be quoted and traded in U.S. dollars.22
Accordingly, the Exchange believes that
all Exchange and The Options Clearing
Corporation members will be able to
accommodate trading, clearance and
settlement of the Volatility Index
without alteration. All options on the
index will have a minimum increment
of $0.05 for options trading below $3.00
and $0.10 for all other series.
The Exchange proposes to set the
minimum strike price interval for
options on the Volatility Index at $0.50
or greater where the strike price is less
21 Phlx Options 4A, Section 18(c), ‘‘Trading
Rotations, Halts or Reopenings.’’
22 Phlx Options 4A, Section 12(a)(1) titled
‘‘Meaning of Premium Bids and Offers,’’ provides
that bids and offers shall be expressed in terms of
dollars and decimal equivalents of dollars per unit
of the index (e.g., a bid of 85.50 would represent
a bid of $85.50 per unit).
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than $75, $1 or greater where the strike
price is $200 or less and $5 or greater
where the strike price is more than
$200.23 The Exchange proposes that
there shall be no position or exercise
limits for options on the Volatility
Index.
The trading of options on the
Volatility Index will be subject to the
same rules that presently govern the
trading of Exchange index options,
including sales practice rules, margin
requirements, and trading rules.24
The Exchange represents that it has an
adequate surveillance program in place
for options traded on the Volatility
Index and intends to apply those same
program procedures that it applies to
the Exchange’s other options products.
Additionally, the Exchange states that it
is a member of the Intermarket
Surveillance Group, through which it
can coordinate surveillance and
investigative information sharing in the
stock and options markets with all of
the U.S. registered stock and options
markets. The Exchange believes that it
is unlikely that the Volatility Index
settlement value could be manipulated
because the likelihood of gaming the
components over a 300 second period is
extremely low. Phlx believes that its
surveillance procedures currently in
place, coupled with additional
measures,25 will allow it to adequately
23 Phlx Options 4A, Section 12 ‘‘Terms of Option
Contracts,’’ proposed new section (b)(6)(E).
24 The Exchange states that Phlx Options 10,
Section 6, which is designed to protect public
customer trading, will apply to trading in options
on the Volatility Index. Specifically, the rule
prohibits members and member organizations from
accepting a customer order to purchase or write an
option, including options on the Volatility Index,
unless such customer’s account has been approved
in writing by an Options Principal. Additionally,
Phlx Options 10, Section 8, ‘‘Suitability,’’ is
designed to ensure that options, including options
on the Volatility Index, are only sold to customers
capable of evaluating and bearing the risks
associated with trading in this instrument. Further,
Phlx Options 10, Section 9, ‘‘Discretionary
Accounts,’’ permits members and member
organizations to exercise discretionary power with
respect to trading options, including options on the
Volatility Index, in a customer’s account only if the
customer has given prior written authorization and
the account has been accepted in writing by a
Registered Options Principal. Phlx Options 10,
Section 9 also requires a record to be made of every
option transaction for an account in respect to
which a member or member organization or a
partner, officer or employee of a member
organization is vested with any discretionary
authority, such record to include the name of the
customer, the designation, number of contracts and
premium of the option contracts, the date and time
when such transaction took place and clearly
reflecting the fact that discretionary authority was
exercised. Finally, Phlx Options 10, Section 7,
‘‘Supervision of Accounts,’’ Phlx Options 10,
Section 10,’’Confirmations to Customers,’’ and Phlx
Options 10, Section 13, ‘‘Delivery of Options
Disclosure Documents,’’ will also apply to trading
in options on the Volatility Index.
25 See Notice, supra note 3.
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surveil for any potential manipulation
in the trading of Volatility Index
options. The Exchange also represents
that it has the necessary system capacity
to support additional quotations and
messages that will result from the listing
and trading of options on the Volatility
Index.
B. Comment on the Proposal
A commenter, who states it is the
provider of the VOLQ methodology,
expressed support for the proposal. The
commenter states that VOLQ is a
response to requests from market
participants and that competition and
innovation generated by VOLQ are in
the public interest and will benefit
investors.26
III. Proceedings To Determine Whether
To Approve or Disapprove SR-Phlx2020–41 and Grounds for Disapproval
Under Consideration
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The Commission is instituting
proceedings pursuant to Sections
19(b)(2)(B) of the Act 27 to determine
whether the proposed rule change
should be approved or disapproved.
Institution of proceedings is appropriate
at this time in view of the legal and
policy issues raised by the proposed
rule change. Institution of proceedings
does not indicate that the Commission
has reached any conclusions with
respect to any of the issues involved.
Rather, as described below, the
Commission seeks and encourages
interested persons to provide additional
comment on the proposed rule change
to inform the Commission’s analysis of
whether to approve or disapprove the
proposed rule change.
Pursuant to Section 19(b)(2)(B) of the
Act,28 the Commission is providing
notice of the grounds for possible
disapproval under consideration. The
Commission is instituting proceedings
to allow for additional analysis of and
input concerning the proposed rule
change’s consistency with the Section
6(b)(5) of the Act, which requires,
among other things, that the rules of a
national securities exchange be
designed to prevent fraudulent and
manipulative acts and practices, to
promote just and equitable principles of
trade, to remove impediments to and
perfect the mechanism of a free and
open market and a national market
26 See letter dated September 16, 2020 from Scott
Nations, President, Nations Indexes, to Vanessa
Countryman, Secretary, Commission, available at:
https://www.sec.gov/comments/sr-phlx-2020-41/
srphlx202041-7783670-223493.pdf.
27 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(2)(B).
28 Id.
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system, and, in general, to protect
investors and the public interest.29
IV. Procedure: Request for Written
Comments
The Commission requests that
interested persons provide written
submissions of their views, data, and
arguments with respect to the issues
identified above, as well as any other
concerns they may have with the
proposal. In particular, the Commission
invites the written views of interested
persons concerning whether the
proposal is consistent with Section
6(b)(5) 30 of the Act or any other
provision of the Act, or the rules and
regulations thereunder. Although there
do not appear to be any issues relevant
to approval or disapproval that would
be facilitated by an oral presentation of
views, data, and arguments, the
Commission will consider, pursuant to
Rule 19b–4 under the Act,31 any request
for an opportunity to make an oral
presentation.32
Interested persons are invited to
submit written data, views, and
arguments regarding whether the
proposed rule change should be
approved or disapproved by December
31, 2020. Any person who wishes to file
a rebuttal to any other person’s
submission must file that rebuttal by
January 14, 2021. The Commission asks
that commenters address the sufficiency
of the Exchange’s statements in support
of the proposal, which are set forth in
the Notice,33 in addition to any other
comments they may wish to submit
about the proposed rule change. In this
regard, the Commission seeks
commenters’ views regarding whether
the Exchange’s proposal to list and trade
options on the Volatility Index, a new
index that measures changes in 30-day
implied volatility of the Nasdaq-100
Index, is adequately designed to prevent
fraudulent and manipulative acts and
practices, to promote just and equitable
principles of trade, and to protect
investors and the public interest.
Comments may be submitted by any
of the following methods:
29 15
U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).
U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).
31 17 CFR 240.19b–4.
32 Section 19(b)(2) of the Act, as amended by the
Securities Act Amendments of 1975, Pub. L. 94–29
(June 4, 1975), grants the Commission flexibility to
determine what type of proceeding—either oral or
notice and opportunity for written comments—is
appropriate for consideration of a particular
proposal by a self-regulatory organization. See
Securities Act Amendments of 1975, Senate Comm.
on Banking, Housing & Urban Affairs, S. Rep. No.
75, 94th Cong., 1st Sess. 30 (1975).
33 See Notice, supra note 3.
30 15
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79555
Electronic Comments
• Use the Commission’s internet
comment form (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml); or
• Send an email to rule-comments@
sec.gov. Please include File No. SRPhlx–2020–41 on the subject line.
Paper Comments
• Send paper comments in triplicate
to Secretary, Securities and Exchange
Commission, 100 F Street NE,
Washington, DC 20549–1090.
All submissions should refer to File No.
SR-Phlx–2020–41. The file number
should be included on the subject line
if email is used. To help the
Commission process and review your
comments more efficiently, please use
only one method. The Commission will
post all comments on the Commission’s
internet website (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml). Copies of the
submission, all subsequent
amendments, all written statements
with respect to the proposed rule
change that are filed with the
Commission, and all written
communications relating to the
proposed rule change between the
Commission and any person, other than
those that may be withheld from the
public in accordance with the
provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be
available for website viewing and
printing in the Commission’s Public
Reference Room, 100 F Street NE,
Washington, DC 20549, on official
business days between the hours of
10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. Copies of such
filing also will be available for
inspection and copying at the principal
office of the Exchange. All comments
received will be posted without change.
Persons submitting comments are
cautioned that we do not redact or edit
personal identifying information from
comment submissions. You should
submit only information that you wish
to make publicly available. All
submissions should refer to File No. SRPhlx–2020–41 and should be submitted
on or before December 31, 2020.
Rebuttal comments should be submitted
by January 14, 2021.
For the Commission, by the Division of
Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated
authority.34
J. Matthew DeLesDernier,
Assistant Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2020–27090 Filed 12–9–20; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
34 17
E:\FR\FM\10DEN1.SGM
CFR 200.30–3(a)(57).
10DEN1
Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 85, Number 238 (Thursday, December 10, 2020)]
[Notices]
[Pages 79552-79555]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2020-27090]
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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
[Release No. 34-90573; File No. SR-Phlx-2020-41]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; Nasdaq PHLX LLC; Order Instituting
Proceedings To Determine Whether To Approve or Disapprove a Proposed
Rule Change To List and Trade Options on a Nasdaq-100 Volatility Index
December 4, 2020.
I. Introduction
On August 24, 2020, Nasdaq PHLX LLC (``Exchange'' or ``Phlx'')
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (``Commission''),
pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
(``Act'') \1\ and Rule 19b-4 thereunder,\2\ a proposed rule change to
list and trade options on a Nasdaq-100 Volatility Index (``VOLQ'' or
``Volatility Index''). The proposed rule change was published for
comment in the Federal Register on September 8, 2020.\3\ On October 20,
2020, pursuant to Section 19(b)(2) of the Act,\4\ the Commission
designated a longer period within which to approve the proposed rule
change, disapprove the proposed rule change, or institute proceedings
to determine whether to disapprove the proposed rule change.\5\ This
order institutes proceedings under Section 19(b)(2)(B) of the Act \6\
to determine whether to approve or disapprove the proposed rule change.
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\1\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
\2\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4.
\3\ See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 89725 (September 1,
2020), 85 FR 55544 (``Notice''). Comment received on the Notice is
available on the Commission's website at: https://www.sec.gov/comments/sr-phlx-2020-41/srphlx202041.htm.
\4\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(2).
\5\ See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 90226, 85 FR 67781
(October 26, 2020). The Commission designated December 7, 2020 as
the date by which the Commission shall approve or disapprove, or
institute proceedings to determine whether to disapprove, the
proposed rule change.
\6\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(2)(B).
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II. Description of and Comment on the Proposed Rule Change
A. Description of the Proposal
The Exchange proposes to list and trade options on VOLQ, a new
index that measures changes in 30-day implied volatility of the Nasdaq-
100 Index (``Nasdaq-100 Index'' or ``NDX''). As proposed, options on
the VOLQ will be cash-settled and will have European-style exercise
provisions. The Exchange states that the Volatility Index will measure
``at-the-money'' volatility. The Volatility Index, calculated using
[[Page 79553]]
published real-time bid/ask quotes of NDX options, represents 30-day
implied volatility and will be disseminated in annualized percentage
points.\7\
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\7\ The Exchange proposes to amend Phlx Options 4A, Section 12,
``Terms of Option Contracts,'' at subparagraphs (b)(2), (b)(6) and
(e) as well as Supplementary Material .01 to Options 4A, Section 12.
The Exchange also proposes to amend Phlx Options 3. Section 3,
``Minimum Increments'' and Options 4A, Section 6, ``Position
Limits.''
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The Exchange proposes to list up to six weekly expirations and up
to 12 standard (monthly) expirations in Volatility Index options. The
six weekly expirations will be for the nearest weekly expirations from
the actual listing date, and the weekly expirations will not expire in
the same week in which standard (monthly) Volatility Index options
expire. Standard (monthly) expirations in the Volatility Index options
will not be counted as part of the maximum six weekly expirations
permitted for Volatility Index options.\8\ In addition, the Exchange
proposes that long term option series having up to sixty months to
expiration may be listed and traded.\9\
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\8\ See Phlx Options 4A, Section 12, Terms of Option Contracts,
proposed new section (b)(viii)(A).
\9\ Phlx Options 4A, Section 12(b)(2), as proposed to be
amended. Phlx Rule Options 4A, Section 12(b)(2) currently applies
only to stock index options and would be amended to permit listing
of long term Volatility Index options.
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Volatility Index Design and Composition \10\
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\10\ For the Exchange's complete description of the proposal,
including more information about the Volatility Index calculation
methodology, see Notice, supra note 3.
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The Exchange states that the Volatility Index \11\ reflects changes
in 30-day implied volatility, which measures the magnitude of changes
of the underlying broad-based securities index, NDX. The Exchange
further states that NDX includes 100 of the largest \12\ domestic and
international non-financial companies listed on The Nasdaq Stock Market
LLC based on market capitalization. According to the Exchange, the
Volatility Index, which the Exchange considers a broad-based securities
index pursuant to Phlx Options 4A, Section 2(a)(13),\13\ measures the
expectation for market volatility over the next thirty calendar days as
expressed by options on NDX. The Exchange explains that the Volatility
Index uses the bid and offer prices of certain listed options on NDX
\14\ to obtain the prices of synthetic precisely at-the-money (``ATM'')
options, which are then used to calculate 30-day closed-form implied
volatility. Finally, the 30-day closed-form implied volatility is
multiplied by 100 to calculate the Volatility Index level. The
Volatility Index is quoted in annualized percentage points. For
example, an Index level of 17.90 represents an annualized implied
volatility of 17.90%.
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\11\ The calculation of the Volatility Index is based on the
methodology developed by NShares LLC.
\12\ The Exchange reports that as of June 30, 2020, there were
78 components in the bottom 25% of Nasdaq-100 Index weight. From
January 1 through June 30, 2020, these components had an Average
Daily Dollar Trading Volume of $29.7 billion. The Average Daily
Dollar Trading Volume of the least active component was $41.1
million. The aggregate market capitalization of the 78 components
was $2.60 trillion. The Exchange states that the Nasdaq-100 Index
reflects companies across major industry groups including computer
hardware and software, telecommunications, retail/wholesale trade,
and biotechnology. It does not contain securities of financial
companies including investment companies.
\13\ Phlx Options 4A, Section 2(a)(13) define a ``market index''
and ``broad-based index'' to mean an index designed to be
representative of a stock market as a whole or of a range of
companies in unrelated industries. The Exchange states that, like
the Cboe Volatility Index (``VIX''), VOLQ is an implied volatility
index and not a realized volatility index.
\14\ For any calculation of synthetic precisely ATM option
prices, a total of thirty-two component options are used, comprising
four calls and four puts from each of four consecutive weeks.
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The Exchange believes that the proposed product does not have
single or aggregated component concentration risk. The Exchange states
that the methodology caps each single component as well as the top five
weighted components. The Exchange further states that no component
security of the Volatility Index comprises more than 12.50% of the
index's weighting and that the five weighted component securities of
the Volatility Index in the aggregate do not comprise more than 43.75%
of the index's weighting.
Index Calculation and Maintenance
The Exchange states that the level of the Volatility Index will
reflect the current 30-day implied volatility of NDX. The Volatility
Index will be updated on a real-time basis on each trading day
beginning at 9:30 a.m. and ending at 4:15 p.m. (New York time). If the
current published value of a component is not available, the last
published value will be used in the calculation. Values of the
Volatility Index will be disseminated via the Nasdaq GIDS market data
system every fifteen seconds during the Exchange's regular trading
hours to market information vendors such as Bloomberg and Thomson
Reuters. In the event the Volatility Index ceases to be maintained or
calculated the Exchange will not list any additional series for trading
and will limit all transactions in such options to closing transactions
only for the purpose of maintaining a fair and orderly market and
protecting investors.
Exercise and Settlement Value
The exercise settlement value calculation used for Volatility Index
option settlement will be calculated on the same day as the Volatility
Index Options expiration date. The exercise settlement value of a
Volatility Index option will be calculated on the specific date
(usually a Wednesday) identified in the option symbol for the series.
If that Wednesday or the Friday that is thirty days following that
Wednesday is an Exchange holiday, the exercise settlement value will be
calculated on the business day immediately preceding that Wednesday.
The last trading day for a Volatility Index option will be the business
day immediately preceding the expiration date of the Volatility Index
option. When the last trading day is moved because of an Exchange
holiday, the last trading day for an expiring Volatility Index option
contract will be the day immediately preceding the last regularly
scheduled business day.\15\
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\15\ See Phlx Options 4A, Section 12, ``Terms of Option
Contracts,'' proposed new section (b)(6)(B) and (C).
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Monthly options on the Volatility Index will expire on the
Wednesday that is thirty days prior to the third Friday of the calendar
month immediately following the expiring month. Trading in expiring
options on the Volatility Index will normally cease at 4:15 p.m. (New
York time) on the Tuesday preceding an expiration Wednesday.
Final Settlement \16\
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\16\ For a full description of the final settlement process, see
Notice supra note 3.
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The Exchange states that the final settlement price (Ticker Symbol:
VOLS) will be calculated as described below on Wednesday commencing at
9:32:000 a.m. (New York time) on the expiration day, and continuing
each second for the next 300 seconds (``Closing Settlement Period'').
The exercise settlement amount will be equal to the difference between
the final settlement price and the exercise price of the option,
multiplied by $100. Exercise will result in the delivery of cash on the
business day following expiration.
The Volatility Index's component NDX options are listed on Phlx as
well as on the Exchange's affiliates, Nasdaq ISE, LLC (``ISE'') and
Nasdaq GEMX, LLC (``GEMX''). The settlement value for the Volatility
Index options (VOLS) will be the Closing Volume Weighted Average Price
(``Closing VWAP''), to be determined by reference to the prices and
sizes of executed transactions or
[[Page 79554]]
quotes in the thirty-two underlying NDX component options \17\ on the
Exchange calculated at the opening of trading on the expiration date.
As part of the Exchange's calculation of the Closing VWAP, the Exchange
will observe the number of contracts of the then-current NDX component
options traded on Phlx at each price during individual one-second
intervals of the Closing Settlement Period on the expiration day.\18\
If no transactions occur on Phlx in a NDX component option during any
one-second observation period, the NBBO midpoint of each of the NDX
component options for which a transaction has not occurred \19\ at the
end of the one second observation period will be considered the One
Second VWAP for that observation period for purposes of the settlement
methodology. The NBBO midpoint will be the midpoint of the best bid and
best offer from Phlx, ISE, and GEMX.\20\ Each One Second VWAP for each
component option is then used to calculate the Volatility Index,
resulting in the calculation of 300 sequential Volatility Index values.
Finally, all 300 Volatility Index values will be arithmetically
averaged (i.e., the sum of 300 Volatility Index calculations is divided
by 300) and the resulting figure is rounded to the nearest .01 to
arrive at the settlement value.
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\17\ The Exchange states that, dependent upon movement in the
Nasdaq-100 Index, the thirty-two underlying NDX component options
can change every second.
\18\ The Exchange calculates a volume weighted average price for
each one-second observation period (a ``One Second VWAP'') for each
component option.
\19\ The Volatility Index's component NDX options are listed on
Phlx as well as on the Exchange's affiliates, ISE and GEMX. The
Exchange reports that NDX average bid/ask spreads for all component
options at each second for each of four expiration dates (11/21/
2018, 12/19/2018, 1/16/2019, and 2/13/2019) commencing at 9:30:15
a.m. is 5.52%. Commencing at 9:32.010 a.m. the NDX average bid/ask
spreads for all component options at each second for each of four
expiration dates is 3.72%. The Exchange believes that this
demonstrates quote stability at 2 minutes after the opening.
\20\ By considering the NBBO of all three markets, the Exchange
believes the risk of manipulation is tempered by the consideration
of a larger number of quotes from multiple Market Makers.
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The Exchange believes that the Volatility Index final settlement
has exceedingly high hurdles for potential manipulation. First, the
Exchange believes that market participants cannot predict which
components will be included in the final settlement. Second, the
Exchange believes that traders are subject to highly competitive market
forces of deep and established market liquidity. For example, the
Exchange notes that during each second of the final settlement
observation period on January 16, 2019 and February 13, 2019, the
average notional value of each bid of the thirty-two components was
$21.1 million; the average notional value of each offer was $13.5
million. Third, the Exchange states that since the Volatility Index
assesses each second of all listed NDX options, this is a continuous
assessment of competitive price action and voluminous trading activity
for all Nasdaq-100 Index stock components. In support, the Exchange
notes that during the final settlement observation period (five-minute
period) on January 16, 2019 and February 13, 2019, the average
summation of traded volume for all Nasdaq-100 Index component shares
was 18.8 million shares. The average total value of all Nasdaq-100
Index shares traded during the final settlement observation period was
$1.93 billion. The corresponding market capitalization for all Nasdaq-
100 Index components during the final settlement period was $7.8
trillion.
Contract Specifications
The proposed Options on the Volatility Index are European-style and
cash-settled. The Exchange's standard trading hours for broad-based
index options (9:30 a.m. to 4:15 p.m., New York time) will apply to the
Volatility Index options under Phlx Options 4A, Section 12 at
Supplementary Material .01, as proposed to be amended. The Exchange
proposes to apply margin requirements for the purchase and sale of
options on the Volatility Index that are identical to those applied for
its other broad-based index options.
The trading of options on the Volatility Index will be subject to
the trading halt procedures applicable to other index options traded on
the Exchange.\21\ Options on the Index will be quoted and traded in
U.S. dollars.\22\ Accordingly, the Exchange believes that all Exchange
and The Options Clearing Corporation members will be able to
accommodate trading, clearance and settlement of the Volatility Index
without alteration. All options on the index will have a minimum
increment of $0.05 for options trading below $3.00 and $0.10 for all
other series.
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\21\ Phlx Options 4A, Section 18(c), ``Trading Rotations, Halts
or Reopenings.''
\22\ Phlx Options 4A, Section 12(a)(1) titled ``Meaning of
Premium Bids and Offers,'' provides that bids and offers shall be
expressed in terms of dollars and decimal equivalents of dollars per
unit of the index (e.g., a bid of 85.50 would represent a bid of
$85.50 per unit).
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The Exchange proposes to set the minimum strike price interval for
options on the Volatility Index at $0.50 or greater where the strike
price is less than $75, $1 or greater where the strike price is $200 or
less and $5 or greater where the strike price is more than $200.\23\
The Exchange proposes that there shall be no position or exercise
limits for options on the Volatility Index.
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\23\ Phlx Options 4A, Section 12 ``Terms of Option Contracts,''
proposed new section (b)(6)(E).
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The trading of options on the Volatility Index will be subject to
the same rules that presently govern the trading of Exchange index
options, including sales practice rules, margin requirements, and
trading rules.\24\
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\24\ The Exchange states that Phlx Options 10, Section 6, which
is designed to protect public customer trading, will apply to
trading in options on the Volatility Index. Specifically, the rule
prohibits members and member organizations from accepting a customer
order to purchase or write an option, including options on the
Volatility Index, unless such customer's account has been approved
in writing by an Options Principal. Additionally, Phlx Options 10,
Section 8, ``Suitability,'' is designed to ensure that options,
including options on the Volatility Index, are only sold to
customers capable of evaluating and bearing the risks associated
with trading in this instrument. Further, Phlx Options 10, Section
9, ``Discretionary Accounts,'' permits members and member
organizations to exercise discretionary power with respect to
trading options, including options on the Volatility Index, in a
customer's account only if the customer has given prior written
authorization and the account has been accepted in writing by a
Registered Options Principal. Phlx Options 10, Section 9 also
requires a record to be made of every option transaction for an
account in respect to which a member or member organization or a
partner, officer or employee of a member organization is vested with
any discretionary authority, such record to include the name of the
customer, the designation, number of contracts and premium of the
option contracts, the date and time when such transaction took place
and clearly reflecting the fact that discretionary authority was
exercised. Finally, Phlx Options 10, Section 7, ``Supervision of
Accounts,'' Phlx Options 10, Section 10,''Confirmations to
Customers,'' and Phlx Options 10, Section 13, ``Delivery of Options
Disclosure Documents,'' will also apply to trading in options on the
Volatility Index.
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The Exchange represents that it has an adequate surveillance
program in place for options traded on the Volatility Index and intends
to apply those same program procedures that it applies to the
Exchange's other options products. Additionally, the Exchange states
that it is a member of the Intermarket Surveillance Group, through
which it can coordinate surveillance and investigative information
sharing in the stock and options markets with all of the U.S.
registered stock and options markets. The Exchange believes that it is
unlikely that the Volatility Index settlement value could be
manipulated because the likelihood of gaming the components over a 300
second period is extremely low. Phlx believes that its surveillance
procedures currently in place, coupled with additional measures,\25\
will allow it to adequately
[[Page 79555]]
surveil for any potential manipulation in the trading of Volatility
Index options. The Exchange also represents that it has the necessary
system capacity to support additional quotations and messages that will
result from the listing and trading of options on the Volatility Index.
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\25\ See Notice, supra note 3.
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B. Comment on the Proposal
A commenter, who states it is the provider of the VOLQ methodology,
expressed support for the proposal. The commenter states that VOLQ is a
response to requests from market participants and that competition and
innovation generated by VOLQ are in the public interest and will
benefit investors.\26\
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\26\ See letter dated September 16, 2020 from Scott Nations,
President, Nations Indexes, to Vanessa Countryman, Secretary,
Commission, available at: https://www.sec.gov/comments/sr-phlx-2020-41/srphlx202041-7783670-223493.pdf.
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III. Proceedings To Determine Whether To Approve or Disapprove SR-Phlx-
2020-41 and Grounds for Disapproval Under Consideration
The Commission is instituting proceedings pursuant to Sections
19(b)(2)(B) of the Act \27\ to determine whether the proposed rule
change should be approved or disapproved. Institution of proceedings is
appropriate at this time in view of the legal and policy issues raised
by the proposed rule change. Institution of proceedings does not
indicate that the Commission has reached any conclusions with respect
to any of the issues involved. Rather, as described below, the
Commission seeks and encourages interested persons to provide
additional comment on the proposed rule change to inform the
Commission's analysis of whether to approve or disapprove the proposed
rule change.
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\27\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(2)(B).
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Pursuant to Section 19(b)(2)(B) of the Act,\28\ the Commission is
providing notice of the grounds for possible disapproval under
consideration. The Commission is instituting proceedings to allow for
additional analysis of and input concerning the proposed rule change's
consistency with the Section 6(b)(5) of the Act, which requires, among
other things, that the rules of a national securities exchange be
designed to prevent fraudulent and manipulative acts and practices, to
promote just and equitable principles of trade, to remove impediments
to and perfect the mechanism of a free and open market and a national
market system, and, in general, to protect investors and the public
interest.\29\
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\28\ Id.
\29\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).
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IV. Procedure: Request for Written Comments
The Commission requests that interested persons provide written
submissions of their views, data, and arguments with respect to the
issues identified above, as well as any other concerns they may have
with the proposal. In particular, the Commission invites the written
views of interested persons concerning whether the proposal is
consistent with Section 6(b)(5) \30\ of the Act or any other provision
of the Act, or the rules and regulations thereunder. Although there do
not appear to be any issues relevant to approval or disapproval that
would be facilitated by an oral presentation of views, data, and
arguments, the Commission will consider, pursuant to Rule 19b-4 under
the Act,\31\ any request for an opportunity to make an oral
presentation.\32\
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\30\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).
\31\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4.
\32\ Section 19(b)(2) of the Act, as amended by the Securities
Act Amendments of 1975, Pub. L. 94-29 (June 4, 1975), grants the
Commission flexibility to determine what type of proceeding--either
oral or notice and opportunity for written comments--is appropriate
for consideration of a particular proposal by a self-regulatory
organization. See Securities Act Amendments of 1975, Senate Comm. on
Banking, Housing & Urban Affairs, S. Rep. No. 75, 94th Cong., 1st
Sess. 30 (1975).
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Interested persons are invited to submit written data, views, and
arguments regarding whether the proposed rule change should be approved
or disapproved by December 31, 2020. Any person who wishes to file a
rebuttal to any other person's submission must file that rebuttal by
January 14, 2021. The Commission asks that commenters address the
sufficiency of the Exchange's statements in support of the proposal,
which are set forth in the Notice,\33\ in addition to any other
comments they may wish to submit about the proposed rule change. In
this regard, the Commission seeks commenters' views regarding whether
the Exchange's proposal to list and trade options on the Volatility
Index, a new index that measures changes in 30-day implied volatility
of the Nasdaq-100 Index, is adequately designed to prevent fraudulent
and manipulative acts and practices, to promote just and equitable
principles of trade, and to protect investors and the public interest.
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\33\ See Notice, supra note 3.
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Comments may be submitted by any of the following methods:
Electronic Comments
Use the Commission's internet comment form (https://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml); or
Send an email to [email protected]. Please include
File No. SR-Phlx-2020-41 on the subject line.
Paper Comments
Send paper comments in triplicate to Secretary, Securities
and Exchange Commission, 100 F Street NE, Washington, DC 20549-1090.
All submissions should refer to File No. SR-Phlx-2020-41. The file
number should be included on the subject line if email is used. To help
the Commission process and review your comments more efficiently,
please use only one method. The Commission will post all comments on
the Commission's internet website (https://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml).
Copies of the submission, all subsequent amendments, all written
statements with respect to the proposed rule change that are filed with
the Commission, and all written communications relating to the proposed
rule change between the Commission and any person, other than those
that may be withheld from the public in accordance with the provisions
of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be available for website viewing and printing in
the Commission's Public Reference Room, 100 F Street NE, Washington, DC
20549, on official business days between the hours of 10:00 a.m. and
3:00 p.m. Copies of such filing also will be available for inspection
and copying at the principal office of the Exchange. All comments
received will be posted without change. Persons submitting comments are
cautioned that we do not redact or edit personal identifying
information from comment submissions. You should submit only
information that you wish to make publicly available. All submissions
should refer to File No. SR-Phlx-2020-41 and should be submitted on or
before December 31, 2020. Rebuttal comments should be submitted by
January 14, 2021.
For the Commission, by the Division of Trading and Markets,
pursuant to delegated authority.\34\
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\34\ 17 CFR 200.30-3(a)(57).
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J. Matthew DeLesDernier,
Assistant Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2020-27090 Filed 12-9-20; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011-01-P