Petitions for Modification of Application of Existing Mandatory Safety Standards, 72687-72701 [2020-25103]

Agencies

• DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
• Mine Safety and Health Administration

[Federal Register Volume 85, Number 220 (Friday, November 13, 2020)]
[Notices]
[Pages 72687-72701]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2020-25103]


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DEPARTMENT OF LABOR

Mine Safety and Health Administration


Petitions for Modification of Application of Existing Mandatory 
Safety Standards

AGENCY: Mine Safety and Health Administration, Labor.

ACTION: Notice.

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SUMMARY: This notice is a summary of four petitions for modification 
submitted to the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) by the 
parties listed below.

DATES: All comments on the petitions must be received by MSHA's Office 
of Standards, Regulations, and Variances on or before December 14, 
2020.

ADDRESSES: You may submit your comments, identified by ``docket 
number'' on the subject line, by any of the following methods:
    1. Electronic Mail: [email protected]. Include the docket 
number of the petition in the subject line of the message.
    2. Facsimile: 202-693-9441.
    3. Regular Mail or Hand Delivery: MSHA, Office of Standards, 
Regulations, and Variances, 201 12th Street South, Suite 4E401, 
Arlington, Virginia 22202-5452, Attention: Roslyn B. Fontaine, Deputy 
Director, Office of Standards, Regulations, and Variances. Persons 
delivering documents are required to check in at the receptionist's 
desk in Suite 4E401. Individuals may inspect copies of the petition and 
comments during normal business hours at the address listed above.
    MSHA will consider only comments postmarked by the U.S. Postal 
Service or proof of delivery from another delivery service such as UPS 
or Federal Express on or before the deadline for comments.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Aromie Noe, Office of Standards, 
Regulations, and Variances at 202-693-9557 (voice), [email protected] (email), or 202-693-9441 (facsimile). [These are not toll-
free numbers.]

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Section 101(c) of the Federal Mine Safety 
and Health Act of 1977 and Title 30 of the Code of Federal Regulations 
Part 44 govern the application, processing, and disposition of 
petitions for modification.

I. Background

    Section 101(c) of the Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977 
(Mine Act) allows the mine operator or representative of miners to file 
a petition to modify the application of any mandatory safety standard 
to a coal or other mine if the Secretary of Labor determines that:
    1. An alternative method of achieving the result of such standard 
exists which will at all times guarantee no less than the same measure 
of protection afforded the miners of such mine by such standard; or
    2. The application of such standard to such mine will result in a 
diminution of safety to the miners in such mine.
    In addition, the regulations at 30 CFR 44.10 and 44.11 establish 
the requirements for filing petitions for modification.

II. Petitions for Modification

    Docket Number: M-2020-021-C.
    Petitioner: Marion County Coal Resources, Inc., 151 Johnny Cake 
Rd., Metz, West Virginia 26585.
    Mine: Marion County Mine, MSHA I.D. No. 46-01433, located in Marion 
County, West Virginia.
    Regulation Affected: 30 CFR 75.1700 (Oil and gas wells).
    Modification Request: The petitioner requests a modification of the 
existing standard, 30 CFR 75.1700, as it relates to vertical oil and 
gas wells at the mine. The operator is petitioning in order to plug and 
mine through wells in the Marcellus and Utica shales as well as other 
unconventional shale oil and gas wells.
    The petitioner states that:
    (a) The Marion County Mine produces 25,000 tons of coal each day 
during production and approximately 9,000,000 cubic feet of methane is 
liberated at the mine each day.
    (b) The petitioner is petitioning to mine through wells in the 
Marcellus and Utica shale and other unconventional shales oil and gas 
wells within the mine's projected operations.
    (c) Two Marcellus wells are within the projected mine, which are 
known as 83263, Esther Clark 1H and 833083, Esther Clark 3H. It is 
expected that these two wells will have to be mined through.
    The petitioner proposes the following alternative method:
    (a) District Manager Approval:
    (1) The petition applies to unconventional wells including the 
Marcellus and Utica shale and other unconventional shales oil and gas 
wells. These unconventional wells include wells that have been depleted 
of oil or gas production, wells that have not produced oil/gas and may 
have been plugged, or active wells not producing oil/gas. Potential oil 
and gas producing formations that have not produced in commercial 
quantities (e.g., exploratory wells, wildcat wells, and dry holes) are 
also included in this petition.
    (2) A 300 foot safety barrier will be built and maintained around 
the oil and gas wells, until the MSHA District Manager has approved 
mining in that area. The petitioner defines oil and gas wells as 
active, inactive, abandoned, shut-in, previously plugged wells, water 
injection wells, and carbon dioxide sequestration wells.
    (3) Before mining inside the safety barrier around any well that 
the mine will intersect, the petitioner will give the MSHA District 
Manager a sworn affidavit or declaration by a company official, stating 
the required procedures for cleaning out, preparing, and plugging each 
gas or oil well have been completed.
    (4) The affidavit or declaration will include the logs described 
below in (b)(viii), as well as any other records that the District 
Manager requires. If the well intersection is not planned, the 
petitioner will request a permit reducing the 300 foot barrier to 
remove the part not included in the well intersection.
    (5) Where the total depth of the well is unknown, the petitioner 
must contact MSHA to create a communications protocol notifying the 
District Manager outside normal working hours.
    (6) This petition applies to all underground coal mining at the 
mine.
    (b) The petitioner proposes to use the following procedures when 
cleaning out and preparing oil and gas wells prior to plugging and 
replugging;
    (1) For cleaning out and preparing vertical oil and gas wells prior 
to plugging and replugging, the petitioner will test for gas emissions 
before cleaning out, preparing, plugging, and replugging oil and gas 
wells. If gas is detected, the MSHA District Manager will be contacted. 
The following procedures will be conducted:
    (i) The petitioner will remove casings and clean the borehole to 
200 feet below the coal seam being mined, or the

[[Page 72688]]

lowest mineable seam (whichever is lower). For wells over 4,000 feet 
below the seam, the well will be cleaned to 400 feet below the seam, or 
the lowest mineable seam, whichever is lower.
    (ii) If the well is less than 4,000 feet deep, the petitioner will 
clean out the well from the surface to at least 200 feet below the 
lowest mineable coal seam base, unless the MSHA District Manager 
requires cleaning below that based on the geological strata or well 
pressure data. The petitioner will provide to the District Manager all 
the information they have on the geology, strata, and pressure of the 
well. If the well depth is equal to or greater than 4,000 feet, the 
petitioner will clean out the well from the surface to at least 400 
feet below the lowest mineable coal seam base. The petitioner will 
remove all materials that are within the well, throughout the entire 
diameter of the well, from wall to wall. If the depth is unknown, and 
there is no historical data, the District Manager will be contacted 
before continuing. In active, non-producing wells being prepared 
according to this petition, the petitioner will (1) attempt to remove 
all casings using diligent effort; or (2) if the casings cannot be 
removed, fill with cement from the lowest possible depth to 200 feet 
below the seam being mined or to the lowest mineable seam, whichever is 
lower for wells less than 4,000 feet, or 400 feet below the seam mine, 
whichever is lower, for wells 4,000 feet or more, (3) casings unable to 
be removed will be perforated 200 feet below the seam to be mined, or 
lowest minable seam whichever is lower, or 400 feet below the seam to 
be mined if wells are 4,000 feet or deeper, and the well ring (annuli) 
will be cemented or filled.
    (iii) Casings unable to be removed will be cut, milled, perforated 
or ripped at a spacing to help remove remaining casing in the seam by 
mining equipment. Remaining casing will be perforated or ripped to 
permit the injection of cement into voids within and around the casing. 
Any remaining casing will be perforated or ripped every 5 feet from 10 
feet below the seam to 10 feet above the seam.
    (iv) The petitioner will pull at least 150 percent casing string 
weight or make at least 3 attempts to spear or overshot to grip the 
casing for the pull effort. A 3,000 foot casing string will be assumed 
when the casing string length is unknown. Records of these efforts, 
including additional measures required by the District Manager, and 
casing length and weight, will be kept for MSHA to review. The 
petitioner will perforate or rip at every 50 feet from at least 200 
feet (400 feet if the total well depth is 4,000 feet or deeper) below 
the base of the coal seam to be mined or the lowest mineable coal seam, 
whichever is lower, up to 100 feet above the uppermost mineable coal 
seam that is being mined. The petitioner will ensure that the annulus 
between the casings and the well walls are filled with expanding 
cement, with a minimum of 0.5 percent after setting, and contain no 
voids.
    (v) Jet/sand cutting will be used for ripping or perforating casing 
with three or more strings of casing in the seam. This uses compressed 
nitrogen gas and sand to cut well casings. Active wells start 200 feet 
above the bottom of the coal seam at 200 foot intervals, to 200 feet 
below the bottom of the seam.
    (vi) If unable to remove all casings, the petitioner will contact 
the District Manager. If unable to clean out casings, the petitioner 
will prepare the well from the surface to a minimum of 200 feet below 
the base of the lowest mineable seam for wells less than 4,000 feet 
deep, and 400 feet below the lowest mineable seam for wells 4,000 feet 
or deeper (unless the MSHA District Manager requires a greater 
distance).
    (vii) If the petitioner, with a casing bond log, can show to the 
satisfaction of the District Manager that the annuli in the well are 
properly sealed with cement, then the petitioner will not perforate or 
rip casings at that well. Any casings remaining when multiple casing 
and tubing strings exist in coal horizon(s) will be ripped or 
perforated and filled with cement. A casing bond log for each casing 
and tubing string will be required if used instead of perforating 
multiple strings.
    (viii) Down-hole logs will be prepared for each well consisting of 
caliper survey logs, a bond log if available, a deviation survey, and a 
gamma survey suitable for determining the top, bottom, and thickness of 
all coal seams and potential hydrocarbon producing strata and the 
location for the bridge plug.
    (ix) A journal will be kept to describe the depth and nature of 
materials encountered; the bit size and type used to drill each portion 
of the hole; the length and type of material for plugging the well; the 
length of casing removed, perforated or ripped or left in place; any 
sections where casing was cut or milled; or any other information for 
cleaning and sealing the well. Invoices, work-orders, and other related 
records will be maintained and available to MSHA at request.
    (x) If all casing can be removed (or there is no casing), the 
operator will prepare the well for plugging, and use seals described 
below. For wells less than 4,000 feet deep to seal to 200 feet below 
the coal seam to be mined, or the lowest mineable seam (whichever is 
lower), or for wells that are 4,000 feet or deeper, seal to 400 feet 
below the coal seam to be mined, or the lowest mineable seam, whichever 
is lower. In the event that the cleaned-out well produces excessive 
gas, a mechanical bridge plug will be placed in the borehole in a 
competent stratum at least 200 feet (at least 400 feet if the well is 
4,000 feet or deeper) below the base of the lowest mineable coalbed, 
but above the top of the uppermost hydrocarbon-producing stratum, 
unless the MSHA District Manager requires a larger distance. The 
petitioner will give the District Manager any geological information 
possessed on strata and pressure of the well. If it is not possible to 
set a mechanical bridge plug, an appropriately sized packer may be used 
in place of the mechanical bridge plug.
    (xi) If the uppermost hydrocarbon-producing stratum is within 300 
feet of the base of the lowest mineable coalbed, a properly placed 
mechanical bridge plug, described in paragraph (vii) above, will be 
used to isolate the hydrocarbon-producing stratum from the expanding 
cement plug. A minimum of 200 feet (400 feet if the well is 4,000 feet 
or deeper) of expanding cement will be placed below the lowest mineable 
coalbed unless the MSHA District Manager requires a greater distance, 
based on judgement, geological strata, or well pressure.
    (c) For plugging or replugging oil and gas wells to the surface:
    (1) Once the well has been completely cleaned out, as specified 
above, the following will be done to plug or replug wells:
    (i) A cement plug will be set by pumping an expanding cement slurry 
down the well from at least 200 feet (400 feet if the well is 4,000 
feet or deeper) below the base of the l coal seam, or lowest mineable 
seam, depending on which is lower, or lower if determined by the 
District Manager. It will be pumped under 200 pounds per square inch of 
pressure, using Portland cement or another lightweight cement mixture 
to fill from 100 feet above the top of the uppermost mineable coal seam 
(or higher, if determined by the District Manager) to the surface.
    (ii) Steel turnings or small magnetic particles will be embedded in 
the top of the cement near the surface as a permanent magnetic monument 
of the well, or alternatively, a 40 inch or larger casing set in cement 
will be set extended 36 inches above ground level with the API well 
number engraved or welded on the casing (if not marked

[[Page 72689]]

physically, high-resolution GPS coordinates will be provided).
    (d) Procedures for plugging or replugging oil and gas wells to use 
as degasification wells:
    (1) Once the well has been completely cleaned out, as specified 
above, the following will be done to plug or replug wells to be used as 
degasification wells:
    (i) A cement plug will be set by pumping an expanding cement slurry 
down the well from at least 200 feet (400 feet if the well is 4,000 
feet or deeper) below the coal seam to be mined, or lowest mineable 
seam, depending on which is lower, or lower if determined by the 
District Manager. It will be pumped under 200 pounds per square inch of 
pressure. The top of the cement will extend at least 50 feet above the 
top of the seam unless more is required by the District Manager.
    (ii) The bedrock of the upper portion of the well will be grouted 
with a casing to protect it. The rest of the well can be cased or 
uncased.
    (iii) The top of the degasification casing will be fitted with 
wellhead equipment, as required by the District Manager in the approved 
ventilation plan, this equipment can include check valves, shut-in 
valves, sampling ports, flame arrestor equipment, and security fencing.
    (iv) Degasification operations will be included in the approved 
ventilation plan, including methane level tests and limits on methane 
concentrations.
    (v) Once the mine area is degassed by a well and sealed, or the 
mine is abandoned, the petitioner will plug degasification wells: (1) A 
tube will be inserted to the bottom of the well (or if not possible, 
within 100 feet above the seam), blockage will be removed to make sure 
the tube can be inserted to the required depth; (2) a cement plug will 
be set into the well using Portland cement or another lightweight 
cement down the tubing until the well is filled to the surface; (3) 
steel turnings or small magnetic particles will be embedded in the top 
of the cement near the surface as a permanent magnetic monument of the 
well, or alternatively, a 4.0 inch or larger casing set in cement will 
be set extended 36 inches above ground level with the API well number 
engraved or welded on the casing; and (4) this does not apply to 
degasification holes not intersecting the mined seam, do not 
commercially produce gas, and have no API number.
    (e) Alternative procedures for preparing or replugging oil and gas 
wells.
    (1) If it is agreed upon by the District Manager, that a well 
cannot be cleaned out completely due to damage to the well because of 
subsidence, caving, or anther factor:
    (i) A hole will be drilled adjacent and parallel to the well to a 
depth of at at least 200 feet (400 feet if the well is 4,000 feet or 
deeper) below the lowest mineable coal seam, unless more is required by 
the District Manager.
    (ii) A geophysical sensing device will be used to locate casings 
remaining in the well.
    (iii) If there are casing(s) present in the well, the petitioner 
will access the well from a parallel hole and will perforate or rip all 
casings at intervals of at least 5 feet, from 10 feet below the coal 
seam to 10 feet above the coal seam. After that, the petitioner will 
perforate or rip at least every 50 feet from 200 feet (400 feet if the 
well is 4,000 feet or deeper) below the coal seam to be mined, or below 
base of the lowest mineable coal seam, whichever is lower, or up to 100 
feet above the seam mined, unless more is required by the District 
Manager.
    (iv) The annulus between casings and the well wall will be filled 
with expanding cement (at a minimum 0.5 percent expansion upon 
setting), with no voids. If the petitioner, using a casing bond, can 
demonstrate that the annulus of the well is adequately sealed with 
cement, the petitioner will not perforate or rip casing for that well. 
When there are multiple casings and tubing strings in the coal horizon, 
remaining casing will be ripped or perforated and filled with expanding 
cement. A casing bond log for each casing and tubing string will be 
used instead of ripping or perforating multiple strings.
    (v) If the petitioner and MSHA determine that there is not enough 
casing in the well, a horizontal hydraulic fracturing technique can be 
used to intercept the original well. The petitioner will fracture at 
least six places at intervals agreed to by the District Manager. These 
fractures will be from at least 200 feet (400 feet if the well is 4,000 
feet or deeper) below the base of the coal seam to be mined, or lowest 
mineable coal seam, whichever is lowest, or to at least 50 feet above 
the seam mined. Expanding cement will be pumped into the fractured well 
to intercept voids.
    (vi) Down-hole logs will be prepared for each well consisting of 
caliper survey logs, a bond log if available, a deviation survey, and a 
gamma survey suitable for determining the top, bottom, and thickness of 
all coal seams and potential hydrocarbon producing strata and the 
location for the bridge plug.
    (vii) A journal will be kept describing the depth and nature of 
materials encountered; the bit size and type used to drill each portion 
of the hole; the length and type of material for plugging the well; the 
length of casing removed, perforated or ripped or left in place, any 
sections where casing was cut or milled; or any other information for 
cleaning and sealing the well. Invoices, work-orders, and other related 
records will be maintained and available to MSHA at request.
    (viii) After plugging the wells as described above, the petitioner 
will plug the adjacent hole, from the bottom to the surface, using 
Portland cement or another lightweight cement.
    (ix) Steel turnings or small magnetic particles will be embedded in 
the top of the cement near the surface as a permanent magnetic monument 
of the well, or alternatively, a 4.0 inch or larger casing set in 
cement will be set extended 36 inches above ground level
    (x) The petitioner and District Manager will discuss each hole, a 
combination of methods outlined in (d)(1)(iii) and (d)(1)(iv) will be 
used on a single well, depending on conditions. The petitioner will use 
a registered petroleum engineer to provide additional documents and 
certificates to support alternative methods if requested by the 
District Manager.
    (f) The petitioner will use the following procedures for mining 
within a 100-foot diameter barrier around a well:
    (i) Before intersecting any plugged or replugged wells, a 
conference before intersecting any plugged or replugged well may be 
requested by any of the following: The petitioner (or its 
representative), a representative of miners, a State agency, or the 
MSHA District Manager. The requester will let the other parties know of 
the conference with a reasonable amount of time before the conference, 
allowing for an opportunity to participate. The focus of the conference 
is to review, evaluate, and accommodate any abnormal or unusual 
circumstances that relate to the condition of the well or surrounding 
strata.
    (ii) The intersection of a well by the petitioner will be conducted 
on a shift approved by the MSHA District Manager. The petitioner will 
notify the MSHA District Manager and the miners' representative prior 
to the intersection so that representatives can be present.
    (iii) For continuous mining, drivage sites will be installed by the 
petitioner, at the last open crosscut near the area to be mined to 
ensure intersection of the well. The drivage sites will not be more 
than 50 feet from the well. For longwall-mining, distance markers will 
be installed on 5-foot centers 50 feet ahead

[[Page 72690]]

of the well in the headgate and tailgate entry.
    (iv) Firefighting equipment, including fire extinguishers, rock 
dust, and sufficient fire hose to reach the working face area of the 
mining-through will be available when either the conventional or 
continuous mining method is used. The fire hose will be located in the 
last open crosscut of the entry or room. The petitioner will maintain 
the water line to be able to reach the farthest point of penetration on 
the section. A hose to the longwall water supply is sufficient if 
longwall mining.
    (v) Sufficient supplies of roof support and ventilation materials 
will be available and located at the last open crosscut. In addition, 
an emergency plug and/or plugs will be available in the immediate area 
of the mine-through.
    (vi) Equipment will be checked for permissibility and serviced on 
the shift prior to mining-through the well. Water sprays, water 
pressures and water flow rates will be checked and any issues will be 
corrected.
    (vii) The methane monitor on the longwall, continuous mining 
machine, or cutting machine and loading machine will be calibrated on 
the shift prior to mining-through the well.
    (viii) When mining is in progress, tests for methane will be made 
with a hand-held methane detector at least every 10 minutes from the 
time that mining with the continuous mining machine or longwall face is 
within 30 feet of the well until the well is intersected and 
immediately prior to well intersection. During the actual intersection 
process, no individual will be allowed on the return side until mining-
through has been completed and the area has been examined and declared 
safe. Workplace examinations on the return side of the shearer will be 
done while the machine is idle. The approved ventilation plan will be 
followed at all times unless otherwise determined by the District 
Manager due to a need for more air velocity for intersection.
    (ix) When using continuous or conventional mining methods, the 
working place will be free from accumulations of coal dust and coal 
spillages, and rock dust will be placed on the roof, rib and floor 
within 20 feet of the face when intersecting near the well on the shift 
or shifts during which it will occur. For longwall sections, rock 
dusting will be done on roof, rib, and floor up to the headgate and 
tailgate gob.
    (x) When the wellbore is intersected, all equipment will be de-
energized and the area thoroughly examined and determined safe before 
mining is resumed.
    (xi) After a well has been intersected and the working place 
determined safe, mining will continue inby the well at a sufficient 
distance to permit adequate ventilation around the area of the 
wellbore.
    (xii) When a torch is necessary for poorly cut or milled casings, 
no open flames will be permitted in the area until adequate ventilation 
has been established around the wellbore and methane levels of less 
than 1 percent are present in all areas affected by flames or sparks 
from the torch. Before using a torch, a thick layer of rock dust will 
be applied to any roof, face, floor, ribs or exposed coal within 20 
feet of the casing.
    (xiii) Non-sparking (brass) tools will be used only to expose and 
examine cased wells. These tools will be located on the working 
section.
    (xiv) No person will be permitted in the area of the mining-through 
operation except for those actually engaged in the operation, company 
personnel, representatives of the miners, personnel from MSHA, and 
personnel from the appropriate State agency.
    (xv) The petitioner will alert all personnel in the mine of a 
planned intersection of the well before going underground if it is to 
occur during the shift. The warning will be continuously repeated until 
the well is mined through.
    (xvi) The mining-through operation will be under the direct 
supervision of a certified official. Instructions concerning the 
mining-through operation will be issued only by the certified official 
in charge.
    (xvii) If the petitioner cannot find the well in the longwall panel 
or if the intersection is missed, the petitioner will cease mining and 
examine the area for hazardous conditions at the projected well 
location, notify the District Manager, and make a reasonable attempt to 
locate the well using visual observation and inspection of the survey 
data. Mining may resume if the well is located and hazardous conditions 
do not exist. The petitioner will work with the District Manager to 
resolve issues before mining is resumed.
    (xviii) If the well is not plugged to the total depth of the 
minable coal seams identified with the core hole logs, coal seams below 
the lowest plug will remain subject to 30 CFR 75.1700 barrier 
requirements if developed in the future.
    (xix) The petitioner will follow all safety precautions required by 
MSHA and State regulatory agencies having jurisdiction over the 
plugging site to provide protection to miners.
    (xx) Miners involved in plugging/replugging will be trained on the 
operations of this petition before starting the process. The petition 
will be posed at well sites until plugging/replugging is complete.
    (xxi) When using mechanical bridge plugs, the peitioner should use 
the best technology required or recognized by the State or oil/gas 
industries.
    (xxii) The petitioner will notify the District Manager as set forth 
in the cut through procedures for each well.
    (xxiii) Within 30 days after the Proposed Decision and Order (PDO) 
becomes final, the petitioner will submit proposed revisions to be 
approved by the MSHA District Manager, as part of the 30 CFR 48 
training plan. This will include initial and refresher training. The 
revisions are to include training on the above terms for all miners 
involved in well intersection prior to mining within 150 feet of the 
well which is to be mined through.
    (xxiv) The required person under 30 CFR 75.1501 Emergency 
Evacuations is responsible for emergencies relating to the intersection 
and this person will review intersection procedures before the 
intersection occurs.
    (xxv) Within 30 days of when this PDO is finalized, the petitioner 
will submit a revised emergency evacuation and firefighting training 
program, required by 30 CFR 75.1502. The petitioner will revise the 
program to incorporate hazards and evacuation plans used for well 
intersection. All underground miners will be trained in the above plan 
revisions within 30 days of submittal.
    (xxvi) The petitioner asserts that the proposed alternative method 
will at all times guarantee no less than the same measure of protection 
from the potential hazards against which the existing standard for 30 
CFR 75.1700 is intended to guard.
    Docket Number: M-2020-026-C.
    Petitioner: Harrison County Coal Resources, Inc., 46116 National 
Rd., Saint Clairsville, OH 43950.
    Mine: Harrison County Mine, MSHA I.D. No. 46-01318, located in 
Harrison County, West Virginia.
    Regulation Affected: 30 CFR 75.1700 (Oil and gas wells).
    Modification Request: The petitioner requests a modification of the 
existing standard, 30 CFR 75.1700, as it relates to vertical oil and 
gas wells at the Harrison County Mine. The operator is petitioning in 
order to plug and mine through wells in the Marcellus and Utica shales 
as well as other unconventional shale oil and gas wells.
    The petitioner states that:

[[Page 72691]]

    (a) The Harrison County Mine produces approximately 27,000 tons of 
coal each day and 1,922,000 cubic feet of methane is liberated at the 
mine each day.
    (b) There are unconventional wells within the projected mining 
operations, which includes a group of 5 wells and another group of 8 
wells, which will have to be mined through. The petitioner does not own 
gas rights where the mine is located; more drilled wells may need to be 
addressed.
    (c) The petitioner is applying to mine through the wells in 
Marcellus and Utica shales, and other unconventional shale oil and gas 
wells within the mine's projected operations.
    The petitioner proposes the following alternative method:
    (a) District Manager Approval:
    (1) The petition applies to unconventional wells including the 
Marcellus and Utica shales and other unconventional shale oil and gas 
wells. These unconventional wells include wells that have been depleted 
of oil or gas production, wells that have not produced oil/gas and may 
have been plugged, or active wells not producing oil/gas. Potential oil 
and gas producing formations that have not produced in commercial 
quantities (e.g., exploratory wells, wildcat wells, and dry holes), are 
also included in this petition.
    (2) A 300 foot safety barrier will be built and maintained around 
the oil and gas wells, until the MSHA District Manager has approved 
mining in that area. The petitioner defines oil and gas wells as 
active, inactive, abandoned, shut-in, previously plugged wells, water 
injection wells, and carbon dioxide sequestration wells.
    (3) Before mining inside the safety barrier around any well that 
the mine will intersect, the petitioner will give the MSHA District 
Manager a sworn affidavit or declaration by a company official, stating 
the required procedures for cleaning out, preparing, and plugging each 
gas or oil well have been completed.
    (4) The affidavit or declaration will include the logs described 
below in (b)(viii), as well as any other records that the District 
Manager requires. If the well intersection is not planned, the 
petitioner will request a permit reducing the 300 foot barrier to 
remove the part not included in the well intersection.
    (5) Where the total depth of the well is unknown, the petitioner 
must contact MSHA to create a communications protocol notifying the 
District Manager outside normal working hours.
    (6) This petition applies to all underground coal mining at the 
mine.
    (b) The petitioner proposes to use the following procedures when 
cleaning out and preparing oil and gas wells prior to plugging and 
replugging;
    (1) For cleaning out and preparing vertical oil and gas wells prior 
to plugging and replugging, the petitioner will test for gas emissions 
before cleaning out, preparing, plugging, and replugging oil and gas 
wells. If gas is detected, the MSHA District Manager will be contacted. 
The following procedures will be conducted:
    (i) The petitioner will remove casings and clean the borehole to 
200 feet below the coal seam being mined, or the lowest mineable seam 
(whichever is lower). For wells over 4,000 feet below the seam, the 
well will be cleaned to 400 feet below the seam, or the lowest mineable 
seam, whichever is lower.
    (ii) If the well is less than 4,000 feet deep, the petitioner will 
clean out the well from the surface to at least 200 feet below the 
lowest mineable coal seam base, unless the MSHA District Manager 
requires cleaning below that based on the geological strata or well 
pressure data. The petitioner will provide to the District Manager all 
the information they have on the geology, strata, and pressure of the 
well. If the well depth is equal to or greater than 4,000 feet, the 
petitioner will clean out the well from the surface to at least 400 
feet below the lowest mineable coal seam base. The petitioner will 
remove all materials that are within the well, throughout the entire 
diameter of the well, from wall to wall. If the depth is unknown, and 
there is no historical data, the District Manager will be contacted 
before continuing. In active, non-producing wells being prepared 
according to this petition, the petitioner will (1) attempt to remove 
all casings using diligent effort; or (2) if the casings cannot be 
removed, fill with cement from the lowest possible depth to 200 feet 
below the seam being mined or to the lowest mineable seam, whichever is 
lower for wells less than 4,000 feet, or 400 feet below the seam mine, 
whichever is lower, for wells 4,000 feet or more, (3) casings unable to 
be removed will be perforated 200 feet below the seam to be mined, or 
lowest minable seam whichever is lower, or 400 feet below the seam to 
be mined if wells are 4,000 feet or deeper, and the well ring (annuli) 
will be cemented or filled.
    (iii) Casings unable to be removed will be cut, milled, perforated 
or ripped at a spacing to help remove remaining casing in the seam by 
mining equipment. Remaining casing will be perforated or ripped to 
permit the injection of cement into voids within and around the casing. 
Any remaining casing will be perforated or ripped every 5 feet from 10 
feet below the seam to 10 feet above the seam.
    (iv) The petitioner will pull at least 150 percent casing string 
weight or make at least 3 attempts to spear or overshot to grip the 
casing for the pull effort. A 3,000 foot casing string will be assumed 
when the casing string length is unknown. Records of these efforts, 
including additional measures required by the District Manager, and 
casing length and weight, will be kept for MSHA to review.
    (v) The petitioner will perforate or rip at every 50 feet from at 
least 200 feet (400 feet if the total well depth is 4,000 feet or 
deeper) below the base of the coal seam to be mined or the lowest 
mineable coal seam, whichever is lower, up to 100 feet above the 
uppermost mineable coal seam that is being mined. The petitioner will 
ensure that the annulus between the casings and the well walls are 
filled with expanding cement, with a minimum of 0.5 percent after 
setting, and contain no voids.
    (vi) Jet/sand cutting will be used for ripping or perforating 
casing with three or more strings of casing in the seam. This uses 
compressed nitrogen gas and sand to cut well casings. Active wells 
start 200 feet above the bottom of the coal seam at 200 foot intervals, 
to 200 feet below the bottom of the seam.
    (vii) If unable to remove all casings, the petitioner will contact 
the District Manager. If unable to clean out casings, the petitioner 
will prepare the well from the surface to a minimum of 200 feet below 
the base of the lowest mineable seam for wells less than 4,000 feet 
deep, and 400 feet below the lowest mineable seam for wells 4,000 feet 
or deeper (unless the MSHA District Manager requires a greater 
distance).
    (viii) If the petitioner, with a casing bond log, can show to the 
satisfaction of the District Manager that the annuli in the well are 
properly sealed with cement, then the petitioner will not perforate or 
rip casings at that well. Any casings remaining when multiple casing 
and tubing strings exist in coal horizon(s) will be ripped or 
perforated and filled with cement. A casing bond log for each casing 
and tubing string will be required if used instead of perforating 
multiple strings.
    (ix) Down-hole logs will be prepared for each well consisting of 
caliper survey logs, a bond log if available, a deviation survey, and a 
gamma survey suitable for determining the top, bottom, and thickness of 
all coal seams and potential hydrocarbon producing strata and the 
location for the bridge plug.
    (x) A journal will be kept to describe the depth and nature of 
materials

[[Page 72692]]

encountered; the bit size and type used to drill each portion of the 
hole; the length and type of material for plugging the well; the length 
of casing removed, perforated or ripped or left in place; any sections 
where casing was cut or milled; or any other information for cleaning 
and sealing the well. Invoices, work-orders, and other related records 
will be maintained and available to MSHA at request.
    (xi) If all casing can be removed (or there is no casing), the 
operator will prepare the well for plugging, and use seals described 
below. For wells less than 4,000 feet deep to seal to 200 feet below 
the coal seam to be mined, or the lowest mineable seam (whichever is 
lower), or for wells that are 4,000 feet or deeper, seal to 400 feet 
below the coal seam to be mined, or the lowest mineable seam, whichever 
is lower.
    (xii) In the event that the cleaned-out well produces excessive 
gas, a mechanical bridge plug will be placed in the borehole in a 
competent stratum at least 200 feet (at least 400 feet if the well is 
4,000 feet or deeper) below the base of the lowest mineable coalbed, 
but above the top of the uppermost hydrocarbon-producing stratum, 
unless the MSHA District Manager requires a larger distance. The 
petitioner will give the District Manager any geological information 
possessed on strata and pressure of the well. If it is not possible to 
set a mechanical bridge plug, an appropriately sized packer may be used 
in place of the mechanical bridge plug.
    (xiii) If the uppermost hydrocarbon-producing stratum is within 300 
feet of the base of the lowest mineable coalbed, a properly placed 
mechanical bridge plug, described in paragraph (vii) above, will be 
used to isolate the hydrocarbon-producing stratum from the expanding 
cement plug. A minimum of 200 feet (400 feet if the well is 4,000 feet 
or deeper) of expanding cement will be placed below the lowest mineable 
coalbed unless the MSHA District Manager requires a greater distance, 
based on judgement, geological strata, or well pressure.
    (c) For plugging or replugging oil and gas wells to the surface:
    (1) Once the well has been completely cleaned out, as specified 
above, the following will be done to plug or replug wells:
    (i) A cement plug will be set by pumping an expanding cement slurry 
down the well from at least 200 feet (400 feet if the well is 4,000 
feet or deeper) below the base of the coal seam, or lowest mineable 
seam, depending on which is lower, or lower if determined by the 
District Manager. It will be pumped under 200 pounds per square inch of 
pressure, using Portland cement or another lightweight cement mixture 
to fill from 100 feet above the top of the uppermost mineable coal seam 
(or higher, if determined by the District Manager) to the surface.
    (ii) Steel turnings or small magnetic particles will be embedded in 
the top of the cement near the surface as a permanent magnetic monument 
of the well, or alternatively, a 4.0 inch or larger casing set in 
cement will be set extended 36 inches above ground level with the API 
well number engraved or welded on the casing (if not marked physically, 
high-resolution GPS coordinates will be provided).
    (d) Procedures for plugging or replugging oil and gas wells to use 
as degasification wells:
    (1) Once the well has been completely cleaned out, as specified 
above, the following will be done to plug or replug wells to be used as 
degasification wells:
    (i) A cement plug will be set by pumping an expanding cement slurry 
down the well from at least 200 feet (400 feet if the well is 4,000 
feet or deeper) below the coal seam to be mined, or lowest mineable 
seam, depending on which is lower, or lower if determined by the 
District Manager. It will be pumped under 200 pounds per square inch of 
pressure. The top of the cement will extend at least 50 feet above the 
top of the seam unless more is required by the District Manager.
    (ii) The bedrock of the upper portion of the well will be grouted 
with a casing to protect it. The rest of the well can be cased or 
uncased.
    (iii) The top of the degasification casing will be fitted with 
wellhead equipment, as required by the District Manager in the approved 
ventilation plan, this equipment can include check valves, shut-in 
valves, sampling ports, flame arrestor equipment, and security fencing.
    (iv) Degasification operations will be included in the approved 
ventilation plan, including methane level tests and limits on methane 
concentrations.
    (v) Once the mine area is degassed by a well and sealed, or the 
mine is abandoned, the petitioner will plug degasification wells: (1) A 
tube will be inserted to the bottom of the well (or if not possible, 
within 100 feet above the seam), blockage will be removed to make sure 
the tube can be inserted to the required depth; (2) a cement plug will 
be set into the well using Portland cement or another lightweight 
cement down the tubing until the well is filled to the surface; (3) 
steel turnings or small magnetic particles will be embedded in the top 
of the cement near the surface as a permanent magnetic monument of the 
well, or alternatively, a 4.0 inch or larger casing set in cement will 
be set extended 36 inches above ground level with the API well number 
engraved or welded on the casing; and (4) this does not apply to 
degasification holes not intersecting the mined seam, do not 
commercially produce gas, and have no API number.
    (e) Alternative procedures for preparing or replugging oil and gas 
wells.
    (1) If it is agreed upon by the District Manager, that a well 
cannot be cleaned out completely due to damage to the well because of 
subsidence, caving, or another factor:
    (i) A hole will be drilled adjacent and parallel to the well to a 
depth of at at least 200 feet (400 feet if the well is 4,000 feet or 
deeper) below the lowest mineable coal seam, unless more is required by 
the District Manager.
    (ii) A geophysical sensing device will be used to locate casings 
remaining in the well.
    (iii) If there are casing(s) present in the well, the petitioner 
will access the well from a parallel hole and will perforate or rip all 
casings at intervals of at least 5 feet, from 10 feet below the coal 
seam to 10 feet above the coal seam. After that, the petitioner will 
perforate or rip at least every 50 feet from 200 feet (400 feet if the 
well is 4,000 feet or deeper) below the coal seam to be mined, or below 
the base of the lowest mineable coal seam, whichever is lower, or up to 
100 feet above the seam mined, unless more is required by the District 
Manager.
    (iv) The annulus between casings and the well wall will be filled 
with expanding cement (at a minimum 0.5 percent expansion upon 
setting), with no voids. If the petitioner, using a casing bond, can 
demonstrate that the annulus of the well is adequately sealed with 
cement, the petitioner will not perforate or rip casing for that well. 
When there are multiple casings and tubing strings in the coal horizon, 
remaining casing will be ripped or perforated and filled with expanding 
cement. A casing bond log for each casing and tubing string will be 
used instead of ripping or perforating multiple strings.
    (v) If the petitioner and MSHA determine that there is not enough 
casing in the well, a horizontal hydraulic fracturing technique can be 
used to intercept the original well. The petitioner will fracture at 
least six places at intervals agreed to by the District Manager. These 
fractures will be from at least 200 feet (400 feet if the well is 4,000 
feet or deeper) below the base of the coal seam to be mined, or the 
lowest mineable coal seam, whichever

[[Page 72693]]

is lowest, or to at least 50 feet above the seam mined. Expanding 
cement will be pumped into the fractured well to intercept voids.
    (vi) Down-hole logs will be prepared for each well consisting of 
caliper survey logs, a bond log if available, a deviation survey, and a 
gamma survey suitable for determining the top, bottom, and thickness of 
all coal seams and potential hydrocarbon producing strata and the 
location for the bridge plug.
    (vii) A journal will be kept describing the depth and nature of 
materials encountered; the bit size and type used to drill each portion 
of the hole; the length and type of material for plugging the well; the 
length of casing removed, perforated or ripped or left in place, any 
sections where casing was cut or milled; or any other information for 
cleaning and sealing the well. Invoices, work-orders, and other related 
records will be maintained and available to MSHA at request.
    (viii) After plugging the wells as described above, the petitioner 
will plug the adjacent hole, from the bottom to the surface, using 
Portland cement or another lightweight cement.
    (ix) Steel turnings or small magnetic particles will be embedded in 
the top of the cement near the surface as a permanent magnetic monument 
of the well, or alternatively, a 4.0 inch or larger casing set in 
cement will be set extended 36 inches above ground level
    (x) The petitioner and District Manager will discuss each hole, a 
combination of methods outlined in (d)(1)(iii) and (d)(1)(iv) will be 
used on a single well, depending on conditions. The petitioner will use 
a registered petroleum engineer to provide additional documents and 
certificates to support alternative methods if requested by the 
District Manager.
    (2) The petitioner will use the following procedures for mining 
within a 100-foot diameter barrier around a well:
    (i) Before intersecting any plugged or replugged wells, a 
conference before intersecting any plugged or replugged well may be 
requested by any of the following: the petitioner (or its 
representative), a representative of miners, a State agency, or the 
MSHA District Manager. The requester will let the other parties know of 
the conference with a reasonable amount of time before the conference, 
allowing for an opportunity to participate. The focus of the conference 
is to review, evaluate, and accommodate any abnormal or unusual 
circumstances that relate to the condition of the well or surrounding 
strata.
    (ii) The intersection of a well by the petitioner will be conducted 
on a shift approved by the MSHA District Manager. The petitioner will 
notify the MSHA District Manager and the miners' representative prior 
to the intersection so that representatives can be present.
    (iii) For continuous mining, drivage sites will be installed by the 
petitioner at the last open crosscut near the area to be mined to 
ensure intersection of the well. The drivage sites will not be more 
than 50 feet from the well. For longwall-mining, distance markers will 
be installed on 5-foot centers 50 feet ahead of the well in the 
headgate and tailgate entry.
    (iv) Firefighting equipment, including fire extinguishers, rock 
dust, and sufficient fire hose to reach the working face area of the 
mining-through will be available when either the conventional or 
continuous mining method is used. The fire hose will be located in the 
last open crosscut of the entry or room. The petitioner will maintain 
the water line to be able to reach the farthest point of penetration on 
the section. A hose to the longwall water supply is sufficient if 
longwall mining.
    (v) Sufficient supplies of roof support and ventilation materials 
will be available and located at the last open crosscut. In addition, 
an emergency plug and/or plugs will be available in the immediate area 
of the mine-through.
    (vi) Equipment will be checked for permissibility and serviced on 
the shift prior to mining-through the well. Water sprays, water 
pressures and water flow rates will be checked and any issues will be 
corrected.
    (vii) The methane monitor on the longwall, continuous mining 
machine, or cutting machine and loading machine will be calibrated on 
the shift prior to mining-through the well.
    (viii) When mining is in progress, tests for methane will be made 
with a hand-held methane detector at least every 10 minutes from the 
time that mining with the continuous mining machine or longwall face is 
within 30 feet of the well until the well is intersected and 
immediately prior to well intersection. During the actual cutting 
through process, no individual will be allowed on the return side until 
mining-through has been completed and the area has been examined and 
declared safe. Workplace examinations on the return side of the shearer 
will be done while the machine is idle. The approved ventilation plan 
will be followed at all times unless otherwise determine by the 
District Manager due to a need for more air velocity for intersection.
    (ix) When using continuous or conventional mining methods, the 
working place will be free from accumulations of coal dust and coal 
spillages, and rock dust will be placed on the roof, rib and floor 
within 20 feet of the face when intersecting near the well on the shift 
or shifts during which it will occur. For longwall sections, rock 
dusting will be done on roof, rib, and floor up to the headgate and 
tailgate gob.
    (x) When the wellbore is intersected, all equipment will be de-
energized and the area thoroughly examined and determined safe before 
mining is resumed.
    (xi) After a well has been intersected and the working place 
determined safe, mining will continue inby the well at a sufficient 
distance to permit adequate ventilation around the area of the 
wellbore.
    (xii) When a torch is necessary for poorly cut or milled casings, 
no open flames will be permitted in the area until adequate ventilation 
has been established around the wellbore and methane levels of less 
than 1 percent are present in all areas affected by flames or sparks 
from the torch. Before using a torch, a thick layer of rock dust will 
be applied to any roof, face, floor, ribs or exposed coal within 20 
feet of the casing.
    (xiii) Non-sparking (brass) tools will be used only to expose and 
examine cased wells. These tools will be located on the working 
section.
    (xiv) No person will be permitted in the area of the mining-through 
operation except for those actually engaged in the operation, company 
personnel, representatives of the miners, personnel from MSHA, and 
personnel from the appropriate State agency.
    (xv) The petitioner will alert all personnel in the mine of a 
planned intersection of the well before going underground if it is to 
occur during the shift. The warning will be continuously repeated until 
the well is mined through.
    (xvi) The mining-through operation will be under the direct 
supervision of a certified official. Instructions concerning the 
mining-through operation will be issued only by the certified official 
in charge.
    (xvii) If the petitioner cannot find the well in the longwall panel 
or if the intersection is missed, the petitioner will cease mining and 
examine the area for hazardous conditions at the projected well 
location, notify the District Manager, and make a reasonable attempt to 
locate the well using visual observation and inspection of the survey 
data. Mining may resume if the well is located and hazardous conditions 
do

[[Page 72694]]

not exist. The petitioner will work with the District Manager to 
resolve issues before mining is resumed.
    (xviii) If the well is not plugged to the total depth of the 
minable coal seams identified with the core hole logs, coal seams below 
the lowest plug will remain subject to 30 CFR 75.1700 barrier 
requirements if developed in the future.
    (xix) The petitioner will follow all safety precautions required by 
MSHA and State regulatory agencies having jurisdiction over the 
plugging site to provide protection to miners.
    (xx) Miners involved in plugging/replugging will be trained on the 
operations of this petition before starting the process. The petition 
will be posed at well sites until plugging/replugging is complete.
    (xxi) When using mechanical bridge plugs, the petitioner should use 
the best technology required or recognized by the State or oil/gas 
industries.
    (xxii) The petitioner will notify the District Manager as set forth 
in the cut through procedures for each well.
    (xxiii) Within 30 days after the Proposed Decision and Order (PDO) 
becomes final, the petitioner will submit proposed revisions to be 
approved by the MSHA District Manager, as part of the 30 CFR 48 
training plan. This will include initial and refresher training. The 
revisions are to include training on the above terms for all miners 
involved in well intersection prior to mining within 150 feet of the 
well which is to be mined through.
    (xxiv) The required person under 30 CFR 75.1501 Emergency 
Evacuations is responsible for emergencies relating to the intersection 
and this person will review intersection procedures before the 
intersection occurs.
    (xxv) Within 30 days of when this PDO is finalized, the petitioner 
will submit a revised emergency evacuation and firefighting training 
program, required by 30 CFR 75.1502. The petitioner will revise the 
program to incorporate hazards and evacuation plans used for well 
intersection. All underground miners will be trained in the above plan 
revisions within 30 days of submittal.
    (xxvi) The petitioner asserts that the proposed alternative method 
will at all times guarantee no less than the same measure of protection 
from the potential hazards against which the existing standard for 30 
CFR 75.1700 is intended to guard.
    Docket Number: M-2020-027-C.
    Petitioner: Ohio County Coal Resources, Inc., 46226 National Rd., 
Saint Clairsville, OH 43950.
    Mine: Ohio County Mine, MSHA I.D. No. 46-01436, located in Marion 
County, West Virginia.
    Regulation Affected: 30 CFR 75.1700 (Oil and gas wells).
    Modification Request: The petitioner requests a modification of the 
existing standard, 30 CFR 75.1700, as it relates to vertical oil and 
gas wells at the Ohio County Mine. The operator is petitioning in order 
to plug and mine through wells in the Marcellus and Utica shales as 
well as other unconventional shale oil and gas wells.
    The petitioner states that:
    (a) The Harrison County Mine produces approximately 25,856 tons of 
coal each day and 5,735,891 cubic feet of methane is liberated at the 
mine each day.
    (b) There are unconventional wells within the projected mining 
operations, which the petitioner is applying to plug.
    (c) The petitioner is applying to plug wells in the Marcellus, 
Utica shales, and all other unconventional shale oil and gas wells 
within the mine's projected operations.
    The petitioner proposes the following alternative method:
    (a) District Manager Approval:
    (1) The petition applies to unconventional wells including the 
Marcellus and Utica shales and other unconventional shale oil and gas 
wells. These unconventional wells include wells that have been depleted 
of oil or gas production, wells that have not produced oil/gas and may 
have been plugged, or active wells not producing oil/gas. Potential oil 
and gas producing formations that have not produced in commercial 
quantities (e.g., exploratory wells, wildcat wells, and dry holes), are 
also included in this petition.
    (2) A 300 foot safety barrier will be built and maintained around 
the oil and gas wells, until the MSHA District Manager has approved 
mining in that area. The petitioner defines oil and gas wells as 
active, inactive, abandoned, shut-in, previously plugged wells, water 
injection wells, and carbon dioxide sequestration wells.
    (3) Before mining inside the safety barrier around any well that 
the mine will intersect, the petitioner will give the MSHA District 
Manager a sworn affidavit or declaration by a company official, stating 
the required procedures for cleaning out, preparing, and plugging each 
gas or oil well have been completed.
    (4) The affidavit or declaration will include the logs described 
below in (b)(viii), as well as any other records that the District 
Manager requires. If the well intersection is not planned, the 
petitioner will request a permit reducing the 300 foot barrier to 
remove the part not included in the well intersection.
    (5) Where the total depth of the well is unknown, the petitioner 
must contact MSHA to create a communications protocol notifying the 
District Manager outside normal working hours.
    (6) This petition applies to all underground coal mining at the 
mine.
    (b) The petitioner proposes to use the following procedures when 
cleaning out and preparing oil and gas wells prior to plugging and 
replugging;
    (1) For cleaning out and preparing vertical oil and gas wells prior 
to plugging and replugging, the petitioner will test for gas emissions 
before cleaning out, preparing, plugging, and replugging oil and gas 
wells. If gas is detected, the MSHA District Manager will be contacted. 
The following procedures will be conducted:
    (i) The petitioner will remove casings and clean the borehole to 
200 feet below the coal seam being mined, or the lowest mineable seam 
(whichever is lower). For wells over 4,000 feet below the seam, the 
well will be cleaned to 400 feet below the seam, or the lowest mineable 
seam, whichever is lower.
    (ii) If the well is less than 4,000 feet deep, the petitioner will 
clean out the well from the surface to at least 200 feet below the 
lowest mineable coal seam base, unless the MSHA District Manager 
requires cleaning below that based on the geological strata or well 
pressure data. The petitioner will provide to the District Manager all 
the information they have on the geology, strata, and pressure of the 
well. If the well depth is equal to or greater than 4,000 feet, the 
petitioner will clean out the well from the surface to at least 400 
feet below the lowest mineable coal seam base. The petitioner will 
remove all materials that are within the well, throughout the entire 
diameter of the well, from wall to wall. If the depth is unknown, and 
there is no historical data, the District Manager will be contacted 
before continuing. In active, non-producing wells being prepared 
according to this petition, the petitioner will (1) attempt to remove 
all casings using diligent effort; or (2) if the casings cannot be 
removed, fill with cement from the lowest possible depth to 200 feet 
below the seam being mined or to the lowest mineable seam, whichever is 
lower for wells less than 4,000 feet, or 400 feet below the seam mine, 
whichever is lower, for wells 4,000 feet or more, (3) casings unable to 
be removed will be perforated 200 feet below the seam to be mined, or 
lowest minable seam whichever is lower, or 400 feet below the seam to 
be mined if wells are 4,000

[[Page 72695]]

feet or deeper, and the well ring (annuli) will be cemented or filled.
    (iii) Casings unable to be removed will be cut, milled, perforated 
or ripped at a spacing to help remove remaining casing in the seam by 
mining equipment. Remaining casing will be perforated or ripped to 
permit the injection of cement into voids within and around the casing. 
Any remaining casing will be perforated or ripped every 5 feet from 10 
feet below the seam to 10 feet above the seam.
    (iv) The petitioner will pull at least 150 percent casing string 
weight or make at least 3 attempts to spear or overshot to grip the 
casing for the pull effort. A 3,000 foot casing string will be assumed 
when the casing string length is unknown. Records of these efforts, 
including additional measures required by the District Manager, and 
casing length and weight, will be kept for MSHA to review.
    (v) The petitioner will perforate or rip at every 50 feet from at 
least 200 feet (400 feet if the total well depth is 4,000 feet or 
deeper) below the base of the coal seam to be mined or the lowest 
mineable coal seam, whichever is lower, up to 100 feet above the 
uppermost mineable coal seam that is being mined. The petitioner will 
ensure that the annulus between the casings and the well walls are 
filled with expanding cement, with a minimum of 0.5 percent after 
setting, and contain no voids.
    (vi) Jet/sand cutting will be used for ripping or perforating 
casing with three or more strings of casing in the seam. This uses 
compressed nitrogen gas and sand to cut well casings. Active wells 
start 200 feet above the bottom of the coal seam at 200 foot intervals, 
to 200 feet below the bottom of the seam.
    (vii) If unable to remove all casings, the petitioner will contact 
the District Manager. If unable to clean out casings, the petitioner 
will prepare the well from the surface to a minimum of 200 feet below 
the base of the lowest mineable seam for wells less than 4,000 feet 
deep, and 400 feet below the lowest mineable seam for wells 4,000 feet 
or deeper (unless the MSHA District Manager requires a greater 
distance).
    (viii) If the petitioner, with a casing bond log, can show to the 
satisfaction of the District Manager that the annuli in the well are 
properly sealed with cement, then the petitioner will not perforate or 
rip casings at that well. Any casings remaining when multiple casing 
and tubing strings exist in coal horizon(s) will be ripped or 
perforated and filled with cement. A casing bond log for each casing 
and tubing string will be required if used instead of perforating 
multiple strings.
    (ix) Down-hole logs will be prepared for each well consisting of 
caliper survey logs, a bond log if available, a deviation survey, and a 
gamma survey suitable for determining the top, bottom, and thickness of 
all coal seams and potential hydrocarbon producing strata and the 
location for the bridge plug.
    (x) A journal will be kept to describe the depth and nature of 
materials encountered; the bit size and type used to drill each portion 
of the hole; the length and type of material for plugging the well; the 
length of casing removed, perforated or ripped or left in place; any 
sections where casing was cut or milled; or any other information for 
cleaning and sealing the well. Invoices, work-orders, and other related 
records will be maintained and available to MSHA at request.
    (xi) If all casing can be removed (or there is no casing), the 
operator will prepare the well for plugging, and use seals described 
below. For wells less than 4,000 feet deep to seal to 200 feet below 
the coal seam to be mined, or the lowest mineable seam (whichever is 
lower), or for wells that are 4,000 feet or deeper, seal to 400 feet 
below the coal seam to be mined, or the lowest mineable seam, whichever 
is lower.
    (xii) In the event that the cleaned-out well produces excessive 
gas, a mechanical bridge plug will be placed in the borehole in a 
competent stratum at least 200 feet (at least 400 feet if the well is 
4,000 feet or deeper) below the base of the lowest mineable coalbed, 
but above the top of the uppermost hydrocarbon-producing stratum, 
unless the MSHA District Manager requires a larger distance. The 
petitioner will give the District Manager any geological information 
possessed on strata and pressure of the well. If it is not possible to 
set a mechanical bridge plug, an appropriately sized packer may be used 
in place of the mechanical bridge plug.
    (xiii) If the uppermost hydrocarbon-producing stratum is within 300 
feet of the base of the lowest mineable coalbed, a properly placed 
mechanical bridge plug, described in paragraph (vii) above, will be 
used to isolate the hydrocarbon-producing stratum from the expanding 
cement plug. A minimum of 200 feet (400 feet if the well is 4,000 feet 
or deeper) of expanding cement will be placed below the lowest mineable 
coalbed unless the MSHA District Manager requires a greater distance, 
based on judgement, geological strata, or well pressure.
    (c) For plugging or replugging oil and gas wells to the surface:
    (1) Once the well has been completely cleaned out, as specified 
above, the following will be done to plug or replug wells:
    (i) A cement plug will be set by pumping an expanding cement slurry 
down the well from at least 200 feet (400 feet if the well is 4,000 
feet or deeper) below the base of the coal seam, or lowest mineable 
seam, depending on which is lower, or lower if determined by the 
District Manager. It will be pumped under 200 pounds per square inch of 
pressure, using Portland cement or another lightweight cement mixture 
to fill from 100 feet above the top of the uppermost mineable coal seam 
(or higher, if determined by the District Manager) to the surface.
    (ii) Steel turnings or small magnetic particles will be embedded in 
the top of the cement near the surface as a permanent magnetic monument 
of the well, or alternatively, a 4.0 inch or larger casing set in 
cement will be set extended 36 inches above ground level with the API 
well number engraved or welded on the casing (if not marked physically, 
high-resolution GPS coordinates will be provided).
    (d) Procedures for plugging or replugging oil and gas wells to use 
as degasification wells:
    (1) Once the well has been completely cleaned out, as specified 
above, the following will be done to plug or replug wells to be used as 
degasification wells:
    (i) A cement plug will be set by pumping an expanding cement slurry 
down the well from at least 200 feet (400 feet if the well is 4,000 
feet or deeper) below the coal seam to be mined, or lowest mineable 
seam, depending on which is lower, or lower if determined by the 
District Manager. It will be pumped under 200 pounds per square inch of 
pressure. The top of the cement will extend at least 50 feet above the 
top of the seam unless more is required by the District Manager.
    (ii) The bedrock of the upper portion of the well will be grouted 
with a casing to protect it. The rest of the well can be cased or 
uncased.
    (iii) The top of the degasification casing will be fitted with 
wellhead equipment, as required by the District Manager in the approved 
ventilation plan, this equipment can include check valves, shut-in 
valves, sampling ports, flame arrestor equipment, and security fencing.
    (iv) Degasification operations will be included in the approved 
ventilation plan, including methane level tests and limits on methane 
concentrations.
    (v) Once the mine area is degassed by a well and sealed, or the 
mine is abandoned, the petitioner will plug degasification wells: (1) A 
tube will be inserted to the bottom of the well (or if

[[Page 72696]]

not possible, within 100 feet above the seam), blockage will be removed 
to make sure the tube can be inserted to the required depth; (2) a 
cement plug will be set into the well using Portland cement or another 
lightweight cement down the tubing until the well is filled to the 
surface; (3) steel turnings or small magnetic particles will be 
embedded in the top of the cement near the surface as a permanent 
magnetic monument of the well, or alternatively, a 4.0 inch or larger 
casing set in cement will be set extended 36 inches above ground level 
with the API well number engraved or welded on the casing; and (4) this 
does not apply to degasification holes not intersecting the mined seam, 
do not commercially produce gas, and have no API number.
    (e) Alternative procedures for preparing or replugging oil and gas 
wells.
    (1) If it is agreed upon by the District Manager, that a well 
cannot be cleaned out completely due to damage to the well because of 
subsidence, caving, or another factor:
    (i) A hole will be drilled adjacent and parallel to the well to a 
depth of at at least 200 feet (400 feet if the well is 4,000 feet or 
deeper) below the lowest mineable coal seam, unless more is required by 
the District Manager.
    (ii) A geophysical sensing device will be used to locate casings 
remaining in the well.
    (iii) If there are casing(s) present in the well, the petitioner 
will access the well from a parallel hole and will perforate or rip all 
casings at intervals of at least 5 feet, from 10 feet below the coal 
seam to 10 feet above the coal seam. After that, the petitioner will 
perforate or rip at least every 50 feet from 200 feet (400 feet if the 
well is 4,000 feet or deeper) below the coal seam to be mined, or below 
the base of the lowest mineable coal seam, whichever is lower, or up to 
100 feet above the seam mined, unless more is required by the District 
Manager.
    (iv) The annulus between casings and the well wall will be filled 
with expanding cement (at a minimum 0.5 percent expansion upon 
setting), with no voids. If the petitioner, using a casing bond, can 
demonstrate that the annulus of the well is adequately sealed with 
cement, the petitioner will not perforate or rip casing for that well. 
When there are multiple casings and tubing strings in the coal horizon, 
remaining casing will be ripped or perforated and filled with expanding 
cement. A casing bond log for each casing and tubing string will be 
used instead of ripping or perforating multiple strings.
    (v) If the petitioner and MSHA determine that there is not enough 
casing in the well, a horizontal hydraulic fracturing technique can be 
used to intercept the original well. The petitioner will fracture at 
least six places at intervals agreed to by the District Manager. These 
fractures will be from at least 200 feet (400 feet if the well is 4,000 
feet or deeper) below the base of the coal seam to be mined, or the 
lowest mineable coal seam, whichever is lowest, or to at least 50 feet 
above the seam mined. Expanding cement will be pumped into the 
fractured well to intercept voids.
    (vi) Down-hole logs will be prepared for each well consisting of 
caliper survey logs, a bond log if available, a deviation survey, and a 
gamma survey suitable for determining the top, bottom, and thickness of 
all coal seams and potential hydrocarbon producing strata and the 
location for the bridge plug.
    (vii) A journal will be kept describing the depth and nature of 
materials encountered; the bit size and type used to drill each portion 
of the hole; the length and type of material for plugging the well; the 
length of casing removed, perforated or ripped or left in place, any 
sections where casing was cut or milled; or any other information for 
cleaning and sealing the well. Invoices, work-orders, and other related 
records will be maintained and available to MSHA at request.
    (viii) After plugging the wells as described above, the petitioner 
will plug the adjacent hole, from the bottom to the surface, using 
Portland cement or another lightweight cement.
    (ix) Steel turnings or small magnetic particles will be embedded in 
the top of the cement near the surface as a permanent magnetic monument 
of the well, or alternatively, a 4.0 inch or larger casing set in 
cement will be set extended 36 inches above ground level.
    (x) The petitioner and District Manager will discuss each hole, a 
combination of methods outlined in (d)(1)(iii) and (d)(1)(iv) will be 
used on a single well, depending on conditions. The petitioner will use 
a registered petroleum engineer to provide additional documents and 
certificates to support alternative methods if requested by the 
District Manager.
    (2) The petitioner will use the following procedures for mining 
within a 100-foot diameter barrier around a well:
    (i) Before intersecting any plugged or replugged wells, a 
conference before intersecting any plugged or replugged well may be 
requested by any of the following: The petitioner (or its 
representative), a representative of miners, a State agency, or the 
MSHA District Manager. The requester will let the other parties know of 
the conference with a reasonable amount of time before the conference, 
allowing for an opportunity to participate. The focus of the conference 
is to review, evaluate, and accommodate any abnormal or unusual 
circumstances that relate to the condition of the well or surrounding 
strata.
    (ii) The intersection of a well by the petitioner will be conducted 
on a shift approved by the MSHA District Manager. The petitioner will 
notify the MSHA District Manager and the miners' representative prior 
to the intersection so that representatives can be present.
    (iii) For continuous mining, drivage sites will be installed by the 
petitioner at the last open crosscut near the area to be mined to 
ensure intersection of the well. The drivage sites will not be more 
than 50 feet from the well. For longwall-mining, distance markers will 
be installed on 5-foot centers 50 feet ahead of the well in the 
headgate and tailgate entry.
    (iv) Firefighting equipment, including fire extinguishers, rock 
dust, and sufficient fire hose to reach the working face area of the 
mining-through will be available when either the conventional or 
continuous mining method is used. The fire hose will be located in the 
last open crosscut of the entry or room. The petitioner will maintain 
the water line to be able to reach the farthest point of penetration on 
the section. A hose to the longwall water supply is sufficient if 
longwall mining.
    (v) Sufficient supplies of roof support and ventilation materials 
will be available and located at the last open crosscut. In addition, 
an emergency plug and/or plugs will be available in the immediate area 
of the mine-through.
    (vi) Equipment will be checked for permissibility and serviced on 
the shift prior to mining-through the well. Water sprays, water 
pressures and water flow rates will be checked and any issues will be 
corrected.
    (vii) The methane monitor on the longwall, continuous mining 
machine, or cutting machine and loading machine will be calibrated on 
the shift prior to mining-through the well.
    (viii) When mining is in progress, tests for methane will be made 
with a hand-held methane detector at least every 10 minutes from the 
time that mining with the continuous mining machine or longwall face is 
within 30 feet of the well until the well is intersected and 
immediately prior to well intersection. During the actual cutting 
through process, no individual will be allowed on the return side until

[[Page 72697]]

mining-through has been completed and the area has been examined and 
declared safe. Workplace examinations on the return side of the shearer 
will be done while the machine is idle. The approved ventilation plan 
will be followed at all times unless otherwise determine by the 
District Manager due to a need for more air velocity for intersection.
    (ix) When using continuous or conventional mining methods, the 
working place will be free from accumulations of coal dust and coal 
spillages, and rock dust will be placed on the roof, rib and floor 
within 20 feet of the face when intersecting near the well on the shift 
or shifts during which it will occur. For longwall sections, rock 
dusting will be done on roof, rib, and floor up to the headgate and 
tailgate gob.
    (x) When the wellbore is intersected, all equipment will be de-
energized and the area thoroughly examined and determined safe before 
mining is resumed.
    (xi) After a well has been intersected and the working place 
determined safe, mining will continue inby the well at a sufficient 
distance to permit adequate ventilation around the area of the 
wellbore.
    (xii) When a torch is necessary for poorly cut or milled casings, 
no open flames will be permitted in the area until adequate ventilation 
has been established around the wellbore and methane levels of less 
than 1 percent are present in all areas affected by flames or sparks 
from the torch. Before using a torch, a thick layer of rock dust will 
be applied to any roof, face, floor, ribs or exposed coal within 20 
feet of the casing.
    (xiii) Non-sparking (brass) tools will be used only to expose and 
examine cased wells. These tools will be located on the working 
section.
    (xiv) No person will be permitted in the area of the mining-through 
operation except for those actually engaged in the operation, company 
personnel, representatives of the miners, personnel from MSHA, and 
personnel from the appropriate State agency.
    (xv) The petitioner will alert all personnel in the mine of a 
planned intersection of the well before going underground if it is to 
occur during the shift. The warning will be continuously repeated until 
the well is mined through.
    (xvi) The mining-through operation will be under the direct 
supervision of a certified official. Instructions concerning the 
mining-through operation will be issued only by the certified official 
in charge.
    (xvii) If the petitioner cannot find the well in the longwall panel 
or if the intersection is missed, the petitioner will cease mining and 
examine the area for hazardous conditions at the projected well 
location, notify the District Manager, and make a reasonable attempt to 
locate the well using visual observation and inspection of the survey 
data. Mining may resume if the well is located and hazardous conditions 
do not exist. The petitioner will work with the District Manager to 
resolve issues before mining is resumed.
    (xviii) If the well is not plugged to the total depth of the 
minable coal seams identified with the core hole logs, coal seams below 
the lowest plug will remain subject to 30 CFR 75.1700 barrier 
requirements if developed in the future.
    (xix) The petitioner will follow all safety precautions required by 
MSHA and State regulatory agencies having jurisdiction over the 
plugging site to provide protection to miners.
    (xx) Miners involved in plugging/replugging will be trained on the 
operations of this petition before starting the process. The petition 
will be posed at well sites until plugging/replugging is complete.
    (xxi) When using mechanical bridge plugs, the petitioner should use 
the best technology required or recognized by the State or oil/gas 
industries.
    (xxii) The petitioner will notify the District Manager as set forth 
in the cut through procedures for each well.
    (xxiii) Within 30 days after the Proposed Decision and Order (PDO) 
becomes final, the petitioner will submit proposed revisions to be 
approved by the MSHA District Manager, as part of the 30 CFR 48 
training plan. This will include initial and refresher training. The 
revisions are to include training on the above terms for all miners 
involved in well intersection prior to mining within 150 feet of the 
well which is to be mined through.
    (xxiv) The required person under 30 CFR 75.1501 Emergency 
Evacuations is responsible for emergencies relating to the intersection 
and this person will review intersection procedures before the 
intersection occurs.
    (xxv) Within 30 days of when this PDO is finalized, the petitioner 
will submit a revised emergency evacuation and firefighting training 
program, required by 30 CFR 75.1502. The petitioner will revise the 
program to incorporate hazards and evacuation plans used for well 
intersection. All underground miners will be trained in the above plan 
revisions within 30 days of submittal.
    (xxvi) The petitioner asserts that the proposed alternative method 
will at all times guarantee no less than the same measure of protection 
from the potential hazards against which the existing standard for 30 
CFR 75.1700 is intended to guard.
    Docket Number: M-2020-028-C.
    Petitioner: Marshall County Coal Resources, Inc., 57 Goshorn Woods 
Rd., Cameron, WV 26033.
    Mine: Marshall County Mine, MSHA I.D. No. 46-01437, located in 
Marion County, West Virginia.
    Regulation Affected: 30 CFR 75.1700 (Oil and gas wells).
    Modification Request: The petitioner requests a modification of the 
existing standard, 30 CFR 75.1700, as it relates to vertical oil and 
gas wells at the Marshall County Mine. The operator is petitioning in 
order to plug and mine through wells in the Marcellus and Utica shales 
as well as other unconventional shale oil and gas wells.
    The petitioner states that:
    (a) The Harrison County Mine produces approximately 50,000 tons of 
coal each day and 11,659,131 cubic feet of methane is liberated at the 
mine each day.
    (b) There are nine Marcellus wells and six Utica Shale wells within 
the mining projections, which the petitioner is applying to plug. The 
operator does not own the gas wells on the property and other wells may 
be drilled in the future.
    (c) The petitioner is applying to plug vertical to horizontal oil 
and gas shale wells within the mine's projected operations so that they 
can be mined through.
    The petitioner proposes the following alternative method:
    (a) District Manager Approval:
    (1) The petition applies to unconventional wells including the 
Marcellus and Utica shales and other unconventional shale oil and gas 
wells. These unconventional wells include wells that have been depleted 
of oil or gas production, wells that have not produced oil/gas and may 
have been plugged, or active wells not producing oil/gas. Potential oil 
and gas producing formations that have not produced in commercial 
quantities (e.g., exploratory wells, wildcat wells, and dry holes), are 
also included in this petition.
    (2) A 300 foot safety barrier will be built and maintained around 
the oil and gas wells, until the MSHA District Manager has approved 
mining in that area. The petitioner defines oil and gas wells as 
active, inactive, abandoned, shut-in, previously plugged wells, water 
injection wells, and carbon dioxide sequestration wells.

[[Page 72698]]

    (3) Before mining inside the safety barrier around any well that 
the mine will intersect, the petitioner will give the MSHA District 
Manager a sworn affidavit or declaration by a company official, stating 
the required procedures for cleaning out, preparing, and plugging each 
gas or oil well have been completed.
    (4) The affidavit or declaration will include the logs described 
below in (b)(viii), as well as any other records that the District 
Manager requires. If the well intersection is not planned, the 
petitioner will request a permit reducing the 300 foot barrier to 
remove the part not included in the well intersection.
    (5) Where the total depth of the well is unknown, the petitioner 
must contact MSHA to create a communications protocol notifying the 
District Manager outside normal working hours.
    (6) This petition applies to all underground coal mining at the 
mine.
    (b) The petitioner proposes to use the following procedures when 
cleaning out and preparing oil and gas wells prior to plugging and 
replugging;
    (1) For cleaning out and preparing vertical oil and gas wells prior 
to plugging and replugging, the petitioner will test for gas emissions 
before cleaning out, preparing, plugging, and replugging oil and gas 
wells. If gas is detected, the MSHA District Manager will be contacted. 
The following procedures will be conducted:
    (i) The petitioner will remove casings and clean the borehole to 
200 feet below the coal seam being mined, or the lowest mineable seam 
(whichever is lower). For wells over 4,000 feet below the seam, the 
well will be cleaned to 400 feet below the seam, or the lowest mineable 
seam, whichever is lower.
    (ii) If the well is less than 4,000 feet deep, the petitioner will 
clean out the well from the surface to at least 200 feet below the 
lowest mineable coal seam base, unless the MSHA District Manager 
requires cleaning below that based on the geological strata or well 
pressure data. The petitioner will provide to the District Manager all 
the information they have on the geology, strata, and pressure of the 
well. If the well depth is equal to or greater than 4,000 feet, the 
petitioner will clean out the well from the surface to at least 400 
feet below the lowest mineable coal seam base. The petitioner will 
remove all materials that are within the well, throughout the entire 
diameter of the well, from wall to wall. If the depth is unknown, and 
there is no historical data, the District Manager will be contacted 
before continuing. In active, non-producing wells being prepared 
according to this petition, the petitioner will (1) attempt to remove 
all casings using diligent effort; or (2) if the casings cannot be 
removed, fill with cement from the lowest possible depth to 200 feet 
below the seam being mined or to the lowest mineable seam, whichever is 
lower for wells less than 4,000 feet, or 400 feet below the seam mine, 
whichever is lower, for wells 4,000 feet or more, (3) casings unable to 
be removed will be perforated 200 feet below the seam to be mined, or 
lowest minable seam whichever is lower, or 400 feet below the seam to 
be mined if wells are 4,000 feet or deeper, and the well ring (annuli) 
will be cemented or filled.
    (iii) Casings unable to be removed will be cut, milled, perforated 
or ripped at a spacing to help remove remaining casing in the seam by 
mining equipment. Remaining casing will be perforated or ripped to 
permit the injection of cement into voids within and around the casing. 
Any remaining casing will be perforated or ripped every 5 feet from 10 
feet below the seam to 10 feet above the seam.
    (iv) The petitioner will pull at least 150 percent casing string 
weight or make at least 3 attempts to spear or overshot to grip the 
casing for the pull effort. A 3,000 foot casing string will be assumed 
when the casing string length is unknown. Records of these efforts, 
including additional measures required by the District Manager, and 
casing length and weight, will be kept for MSHA to review.
    (v) The petitioner will perforate or rip at every 50 feet from at 
least 200 feet (400 feet if the total well depth is 4,000 feet or 
deeper) below the base of the coal seam to be mined or the lowest 
mineable coal seam, whichever is lower, up to 100 feet above the 
uppermost mineable coal seam that is being mined. The petitioner will 
ensure that the annulus between the casings and the well walls are 
filled with expanding cement, with a minimum of 0.5 percent after 
setting, and contain no voids.
    (vi) Jet/sand cutting will be used for ripping or perforating 
casing with three or more strings of casing in the seam. This uses 
compressed nitrogen gas and sand to cut well casings. Active wells 
start 200 feet above the bottom of the coal seam at 200 foot intervals, 
to 200 feet below the bottom of the seam.
    (vii) If unable to remove all casings, the petitioner will contact 
the District Manager. If unable to clean out casings, the petitioner 
will prepare the well from the surface to a minimum of 200 feet below 
the base of the lowest mineable seam for wells less than 4,000 feet 
deep, and 400 feet below the lowest mineable seam for wells 4,000 feet 
or deeper (unless the MSHA District Manager requires a greater 
distance).
    (viii) If the petitioner, with a casing bond log, can show to the 
satisfaction of the District Manager that the annuli in the well are 
properly sealed with cement, then the petitioner will not perforate or 
rip casings at that well. Any casings remaining when multiple casing 
and tubing strings exist in coal horizon(s) will be ripped or 
perforated and filled with cement. A casing bond log for each casing 
and tubing string will be required if used instead of perforating 
multiple strings.
    (ix) Down-hole logs will be prepared for each well consisting of 
caliper survey logs, a bond log if available, a deviation survey, and a 
gamma survey suitable for determining the top, bottom, and thickness of 
all coal seams and potential hydrocarbon producing strata and the 
location for the bridge plug.
    (x) A journal will be kept to describe the depth and nature of 
materials encountered; the bit size and type used to drill each portion 
of the hole; the length and type of material for plugging the well; the 
length of casing removed, perforated or ripped or left in place; any 
sections where casing was cut or milled; or any other information for 
cleaning and sealing the well. Invoices, work-orders, and other related 
records will be maintained and available to MSHA at request.
    (xi) If all casing can be removed (or there is no casing), the 
operator will prepare the well for plugging, and use seals described 
below. For wells less than 4,000 feet deep to seal to 200 feet below 
the coal seam to be mined, or the lowest mineable seam (whichever is 
lower), or for wells that are 4,000 feet or deeper, seal to 400 feet 
below the coal seam to be mined, or the lowest mineable seam, whichever 
is lower.
    (xii) In the event that the cleaned-out well produces excessive 
gas, a mechanical bridge plug will be placed in the borehole in a 
competent stratum at least 200 feet (at least 400 feet if the well is 
4,000 feet or deeper) below the base of the lowest mineable coalbed, 
but above the top of the uppermost hydrocarbon-producing stratum, 
unless the MSHA District Manager requires a larger distance. The 
petitioner will give the District Manager any geological information 
possessed on strata and pressure of the well. If it is not possible to 
set a mechanical bridge plug, an appropriately sized packer may be used 
in place of the mechanical bridge plug.
    (xiii) If the uppermost hydrocarbon-producing stratum is within 300 
feet of the base of the lowest mineable coalbed, a properly placed 
mechanical bridge plug, described in paragraph (vii) above,

[[Page 72699]]

will be used to isolate the hydrocarbon-producing stratum from the 
expanding cement plug. A minimum of 200 feet (400 feet if the well is 
4,000 feet or deeper) of expanding cement will be placed below the 
lowest mineable coalbed unless the MSHA District Manager requires a 
greater distance, based on judgement, geological strata, or well 
pressure.
    (c) For plugging or replugging oil and gas wells to the surface:
    (1) Once the well has been completely cleaned out, as specified 
above, the following will be done to plug or replug wells:
    (i) A cement plug will be set by pumping an expanding cement slurry 
down the well from at least 200 feet (400 feet if the well is 4,000 
feet or deeper) below the base of the coal seam, or lowest mineable 
seam, depending on which is lower, or lower if determined by the 
District Manager. It will be pumped under 200 pounds per square inch of 
pressure, using Portland cement or another lightweight cement mixture 
to fill from 100 feet above the top of the uppermost mineable coal seam 
(or higher, if determined by the District Manager) to the surface.
    (ii) Steel turnings or small magnetic particles will be embedded in 
the top of the cement near the surface as a permanent magnetic monument 
of the well, or alternatively, a 4.0 inch or larger casing set in 
cement will be set extended 36 inches above ground level with the API 
well number engraved or welded on the casing (if not marked physically, 
high-resolution GPS coordinates will be provided).
    (d) Procedures for plugging or replugging oil and gas wells to use 
as degasification wells:
    (1) Once the well has been completely cleaned out, as specified 
above, the following will be done to plug or replug wells to be used as 
degasification wells:
    (i) A cement plug will be set by pumping an expanding cement slurry 
down the well from at least 200 feet (400 feet if the well is 4,000 
feet or deeper) below the coal seam to be mined, or lowest mineable 
seam, depending on which is lower, or lower if determined by the 
District Manager. It will be pumped under 200 pounds per square inch of 
pressure. The top of the cement will extend at least 50 feet above the 
top of the seam unless more is required by the District Manager.
    (ii) The bedrock of the upper portion of the well will be grouted 
with a casing to protect it. The rest of the well can be cased or 
uncased.
    (iii) The top of the degasification casing will be fitted with 
wellhead equipment, as required by the District Manager in the approved 
ventilation plan, this equipment can include check valves, shut-in 
valves, sampling ports, flame arrestor equipment, and security fencing.
    (iv) Degasification operations will be included in the approved 
ventilation plan, including methane level tests and limits on methane 
concentrations.
    (v) Once the mine area is degassed by a well and sealed, or the 
mine is abandoned, the petitioner will plug degasification wells: (1) A 
tube will be inserted to the bottom of the well (or if not possible, 
within 100 feet above the seam), blockage will be removed to make sure 
the tube can be inserted to the required depth; (2) a cement plug will 
be set into the well using Portland cement or another lightweight 
cement down the tubing until the well is filled to the surface; (3) 
steel turnings or small magnetic particles will be embedded in the top 
of the cement near the surface as a permanent magnetic monument of the 
well, or alternatively, a 4.0 inch or larger casing set in cement will 
be set extended 36 inches above ground level with the API well number 
engraved or welded on the casing; and (4) this does not apply to 
degasification holes not intersecting the mined seam, do not 
commercially produce gas, and have no API number.
    (e) Alternative procedures for preparing or replugging oil and gas 
wells.
    (1) If it is agreed upon by the District Manager, that a well 
cannot be cleaned out completely due to damage to the well because of 
subsidence, caving, or another factor:
    (i) A hole will be drilled adjacent and parallel to the well to a 
depth of at at least 200 feet (400 feet if the well is 4,000 feet or 
deeper) below the lowest mineable coal seam, unless more is required by 
the District Manager.
    (ii) A geophysical sensing device will be used to locate casings 
remaining in the well.
    (iii) If there are casing(s) present in the well, the petitioner 
will access the well from a parallel hole and will perforate or rip all 
casings at intervals of at least 5 feet, from 10 feet below the coal 
seam to 10 feet above the coal seam. After that, the petitioner will 
perforate or rip at least every 50 feet from 200 feet (400 feet if the 
well is 4,000 feet or deeper) below the coal seam to be mined, or below 
the base of the lowest mineable coal seam, whichever is lower, or up to 
100 feet above the seam mined, unless more is required by the District 
Manager.
    (iv) The annulus between casings and the well wall will be filled 
with expanding cement (at a minimum 0.5 percent expansion upon 
setting), with no voids. If the petitioner, using a casing bond, can 
demonstrate that the annulus of the well is adequately sealed with 
cement, the petitioner will not perforate or rip casing for that well. 
When there are multiple casings and tubing strings in the coal horizon, 
remaining casing will be ripped or perforated and filled with expanding 
cement. A casing bond log for each casing and tubing string will be 
used instead of ripping or perforating multiple strings.
    (v) If the petitioner and MSHA determine that there is not enough 
casing in the well, a horizontal hydraulic fracturing technique can be 
used to intercept the original well. The petitioner will fracture at 
least six places at intervals agreed to by the District Manager. These 
fractures will be from at least 200 feet (400 feet if the well is 4,000 
feet or deeper) below the base of the coal seam to be mined, or the 
lowest mineable coal seam, whichever is lowest, or to at least 50 feet 
above the seam mined. Expanding cement will be pumped into the 
fractured well to intercept voids.
    (vi) Down-hole logs will be prepared for each well consisting of 
caliper survey logs, a bond log if available, a deviation survey, and a 
gamma survey suitable for determining the top, bottom, and thickness of 
all coal seams and potential hydrocarbon producing strata and the 
location for the bridge plug.
    (vii) A journal will be kept describing the depth and nature of 
materials encountered; the bit size and type used to drill each portion 
of the hole; the length and type of material for plugging the well; the 
length of casing removed, perforated or ripped or left in place, any 
sections where casing was cut or milled; or any other information for 
cleaning and sealing the well. Invoices, work-orders, and other related 
records will be maintained and available to MSHA at request.
    (viii) After plugging the wells as described above, the petitioner 
will plug the adjacent hole, from the bottom to the surface, using 
Portland cement or another lightweight cement.
    (ix) Steel turnings or small magnetic particles will be embedded in 
the top of the cement near the surface as a permanent magnetic monument 
of the well, or alternatively, a 4.0 inch or larger casing set in 
cement will be set extended 36 inches above ground level
    (x) The petitioner and District Manager will discuss each hole, a 
combination of methods outlined in (d)(1)(iii) and (d)(1)(iv) will be 
used on a single well, depending on conditions. The petitioner will use 
a registered petroleum engineer to provide

[[Page 72700]]

additional documents and certificates to support alternative methods if 
requested by the District Manager.
    (2) The petitioner will use the following procedures for mining 
within a 100-foot diameter barrier around a well:
    (i) Before intersecting any plugged or replugged wells, a 
conference before intersecting any plugged or replugged well may be 
requested by any of the following: the petitioner (or its 
representative), a representative of miners, a State agency, or the 
MSHA District Manager. The requester will let the other parties know of 
the conference with a reasonable amount of time before the conference, 
allowing for an opportunity to participate. The focus of the conference 
is to review, evaluate, and accommodate any abnormal or unusual 
circumstances that relate to the condition of the well or surrounding 
strata.
    (ii) The intersection of a well by the petitioner will be conducted 
on a shift approved by the MSHA District Manager. The petitioner will 
notify the MSHA District Manager and the miners' representative prior 
to the intersection so that representatives can be present.
    (iii) For continuous mining, drivage sites will be installed by the 
petitioner at the last open crosscut near the area to be mined to 
ensure intersection of the well. The drivage sites will not be more 
than 50 feet from the well. For longwall-mining, distance markers will 
be installed on 5-foot centers 50 feet ahead of the well in the 
headgate and tailgate entry.
    (iv) Firefighting equipment, including fire extinguishers, rock 
dust, and sufficient fire hose to reach the working face area of the 
mining-through will be available when either the conventional or 
continuous mining method is used. The fire hose will be located in the 
last open crosscut of the entry or room. The petitioner will maintain 
the water line to be able to reach the farthest point of penetration on 
the section. A hose to the longwall water supply is sufficient if 
longwall mining.
    (v) Sufficient supplies of roof support and ventilation materials 
will be available and located at the last open crosscut. In addition, 
an emergency plug and/or plugs will be available in the immediate area 
of the mine-through.
    (vi) Equipment will be checked for permissibility and serviced on 
the shift prior to mining-through the well. Water sprays, water 
pressures and water flow rates will be checked and any issues will be 
corrected.
    (vii) The methane monitor on the longwall, continuous mining 
machine, or cutting machine and loading machine will be calibrated on 
the shift prior to mining-through the well.
    (viii) When mining is in progress, tests for methane will be made 
with a hand-held methane detector at least every 10 minutes from the 
time that mining with the continuous mining machine or longwall face is 
within 30 feet of the well until the well is intersected and 
immediately prior to well intersection. During the actual cutting 
through process, no individual will be allowed on the return side until 
mining-through has been completed and the area has been examined and 
declared safe. Workplace examinations on the return side of the shearer 
will be done while the machine is idle. The approved ventilation plan 
will be followed at all times unless otherwise determine by the 
District Manager due to a need for more air velocity for intersection.
    (ix) When using continuous or conventional mining methods, the 
working place will be free from accumulations of coal dust and coal 
spillages, and rock dust will be placed on the roof, rib and floor 
within 20 feet of the face when intersecting near the well on the shift 
or shifts during which it will occur. For longwall sections, rock 
dusting will be done on roof, rib, and floor up to the headgate and 
tailgate gob.
    (x) When the wellbore is intersected, all equipment will be de-
energized and the area thoroughly examined and determined safe before 
mining is resumed.
    (xi) After a well has been intersected and the working place 
determined safe, mining will continue inby the well at a sufficient 
distance to permit adequate ventilation around the area of the 
wellbore.
    (xii) When a torch is necessary for poorly cut or milled casings, 
no open flames will be permitted in the area until adequate ventilation 
has been established around the wellbore and methane levels of less 
than 1 percent are present in all areas affected by flames or sparks 
from the torch. Before using a torch, a thick layer of rock dust will 
be applied to any roof, face, floor, ribs or exposed coal within 20 
feet of the casing.
    (xiii) Non-sparking (brass) tools will be used only to expose and 
examine cased wells. These tools will be located on the working 
section.
    (xiv) No person will be permitted in the area of the mining-through 
operation except for those actually engaged in the operation, company 
personnel, representatives of the miners, personnel from MSHA, and 
personnel from the appropriate State agency.
    (xv) The petitioner will alert all personnel in the mine of a 
planned intersection of the well before going underground if it is to 
occur during the shift. The warning will be continuously repeated until 
the well is mined through.
    (xvi) The mining-through operation will be under the direct 
supervision of a certified official. Instructions concerning the 
mining-through operation will be issued only by the certified official 
in charge.
    (xvii) If the petitioner cannot find the well in the longwall panel 
or if the intersection is missed, the petitioner will cease mining and 
examine the area for hazardous conditions at the projected well 
location, notify the District Manager, and make a reasonable attempt to 
locate the well using visual observation and inspection of the survey 
data. Mining may resume if the well is located and hazardous conditions 
do not exist. The petitioner will work with the District Manager to 
resolve issues before mining is resumed.
    (xviii) If the well is not plugged to the total depth of the 
minable coal seams identified with the core hole logs, coal seams below 
the lowest plug will remain subject to 30 CFR 75.1700 barrier 
requirements if developed in the future.
    (xix) The petitioner will follow all safety precautions required by 
MSHA and State regulatory agencies having jurisdiction over the 
plugging site to provide protection to miners.
    (xx) Miners involved in plugging/replugging will be trained on the 
operations of this petition before starting the process. The petition 
will be posed at well sites until plugging/replugging is complete.
    (xxi) When using mechanical bridge plugs, the petitioner should use 
the best technology required or recognized by the State or oil/gas 
industries.
    (xxii) The petitioner will notify the District Manager as set forth 
in the cut through procedures for each well.
    (xxiii) Within 30 days after the Proposed Decision and Order (PDO) 
becomes final, the petitioner will submit proposed revisions to be 
approved by the MSHA District Manager, as part of the 30 CFR 48 
training plan. This will include initial and refresher training. The 
revisions are to include training on the above terms for all miners 
involved in well intersection prior to mining within 150 feet of the 
well which is to be mined through.
    (xxiv) The required person under 30 CFR 75.1501 Emergency 
Evacuations is responsible for emergencies relating to the intersection 
and this person will

[[Page 72701]]

review intersection procedures before the intersection occurs.
    (xxv) Within 30 days of when this PDO is finalized, the petitioner 
will submit a revised emergency evacuation and firefighting training 
program, required by 30 CFR 75.1502. The petitioner will revise the 
program to incorporate hazards and evacuation plans used for well 
intersection. All underground miners will be trained in the above plan 
revisions within 30 days of submittal.
    (xxvi) The petitioner asserts that the proposed alternative method 
will at all times guarantee no less than the same measure of protection 
from the potential hazards against which the existing standard for 30 
CFR 75.1700 is intended to guard.

Roslyn Fontaine,
Deputy Director, Office of Standards, Regulations, and Variances.
[FR Doc. 2020-25103 Filed 11-12-20; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4520-43-P