Self-Regulatory Organizations; ICE Clear Europe Limited; Notice of Filing of Proposed Rule Change, Security-Based Swap Submission or Advance Notice Relating to the ICE Clear Europe Procyclicality Framework, 51663-51665 [2017-24130]
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Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 214 / Tuesday, November 7, 2017 / Notices
At times, changes in Commission
priorities require alterations in the
scheduling of meeting items.
CONTACT PERSON FOR MORE INFORMATION:
For further information and to ascertain
what, if any, matters have been added,
deleted or postponed; please contact
Brent J. Fields from the Office of the
Secretary at (202) 551–5400.
Dated: November 2, 2017.
Brent J. Fields,
Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2017–24260 Filed 11–3–17; 11:15 am]
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
[Release No. 34–81994; File No. SR–ICEEU–
2017–013]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; ICE
Clear Europe Limited; Notice of Filing
of Proposed Rule Change, SecurityBased Swap Submission or Advance
Notice Relating to the ICE Clear
Europe Procyclicality Framework
November 1, 2017.
Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
(‘‘Act’’),1 and Rule 19b–4 thereunder,2
notice is hereby given that on October
23, 2017, ICE Clear Europe Limited
(‘‘ICE Clear Europe’’) filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission
(‘‘Commission’’) the proposed rule
changes described in Items I, II, and III
below, which Items have been prepared
primarily by ICE Clear Europe. The
Commission is publishing this notice to
solicit comments on the proposed rule
change from interested persons.
I. Clearing Agency’s Statement of the
Terms of Substance of the Proposed
Rule Change
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The principal purpose of the changes
is to adopt a new policy framework for
addressing the procyclicality of its risk
management policies by establishing
such a framework that addresses the risk
appetite, model design, monitoring and
assessment and management of
procyclicality in the risk models used
by ICE Clear Europe to manage default
risk.
II. Clearing Agency’s Statement of the
Purpose of, and Statutory Basis for, the
Proposed Rule Change
In its filing with the Commission, ICE
Clear Europe included statements
concerning the purpose of and basis for
the proposed rule change and discussed
1 15
2 17
U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
CFR 240.19b–4.
VerDate Sep<11>2014
17:29 Nov 06, 2017
Jkt 244001
any comments it received on the
proposed rule change. The text of these
statements may be examined at the
places specified in Item IV below. ICE
Clear Europe has prepared summaries,
set forth in sections (A), (B), and (C)
below, of the most significant aspects of
such statements.
(A) Clearing Agency’s Statement of the
Purpose of, and Statutory Basis for, the
Proposed Rule Change
(a) Purpose
The purpose of the Procyclicality
Framework is to establish an overall
framework for the risk appetite, model
design, monitoring and assessment and
management of procyclicality in the risk
models used by ICE Clear Europe to
manage default risk. The European
Market Infrastructure Regulation 3
(‘‘EMIR’’) and related implementing
standards require that a central
counterparty (‘‘CCP’’) ensure that its
margin framework provides, among
other matters, stable and prudent
margin requirements that limit
procyclicality to the extent that the
soundness and financial security of the
central counterparty is not negatively
affected.4 Those standards also require
that central counterparties implement at
least one of several specified options for
mitigating procyclicality with respect to
margin requirements.5
Although ICE Clear Europe’s current
margin policies incorporate the antiprocyclicality (‘‘APC’’) measures
required by EMIR (and ICE Clear Europe
does not propose to change such
measures at this time), it is proposing to
adopt the Procyclicality Framework in
order to provide a more defined
framework for considering the impact of
procyclicality on margining,
membership, collateral haircuts, stress
testing and concentration risk policies.
The framework is designed to set out (1)
the aspects of ICE Clear Europe risk
policies relevant to procyclicality
considerations, (2) how the clearing
house will assess procyclicality (both as
a qualitative and a quantitative matter)
and (3) how the clearing house will
3 Regulation (EU) No 648/2012 of the European
Parliament and of the Council of 4 July 2012 on
OTC derivatives, central counterparties and trade
repositories, as well as various implementing
regulations and technical standards.
4 Article 28 of Commission Delegated Regulation
(EU) No 153/2013 of 19 December 2012
supplementing Regulation (EU) No 648/2012 of the
European Parliament and of the Council with regard
to regulatory technical standards on requirements
for central counterparties.
5 The CPMI–IOSCO Principles for Financial
Market Infrastructures (‘‘PFMIs’’) similarly provide
that a clearing house should limit procyclicality for
margin requirements and haircuts. See Principles 5
(Collateral) and 6 (Margin).
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Sfmt 4703
51663
factor considerations of procyclicality
into its response to emerging risks.
Although ‘‘procyclicality’’ is not
expressly defined in EMIR, ICE Clear
Europe considers procyclicality for
purposes of the proposed framework to
be the extent to which changes in
market conditions can have an effect on
a clearing member’s ability to manage
its liquidity to meet ICE Clear Europe’s
changing margin requirements. For
example, a typical initial margin model
would require increased margin in
stressed margin conditions, and such
increases may potentially occur rapidly
and/or over-react to the change in
conditions. Such margin increases, in
turn, may stress a clearing member’s
ability to obtain liquidity to meet the
increased requirements.
The framework identifies sources of
procyclicality, in particular in margin
models, stress testing, and collateral
haircut policies, and references existing
mitigation strategies and stress testing
arrangements used by the clearing
house. Stress testing scenarios that are
based on models similar to margin
models but targeting a higher
confidence quantile may also be
procyclical due to changing market
conditions, which may lead to increased
stress shock results and therefore in
default fund requirements. The
framework also addresses how ICE Clear
Europe intends to address procyclicality
on an ongoing basis. Under the
framework, ICE Clear Europe will assess
procyclicality by monitoring the 95th
percentile expected shortfall of the 5day percentage change in initial margin
(or other relevant risk mitigant) over a
rolling 250-day window. ICE Clear
Europe established this period, in
consultation with Clearing Members, as
an appropriate period to reflect shortterm spikes in margin. ICE Clear Europe
will also monitor the largest percentage
changes to facilitate observation of both
the maximum and a tail estimate to
remove extreme outliers. A red-ambergreen (‘‘R–A–G’’) escalation framework
will be used with respect to
implementing APC measures based on
certain defined thresholds for expected
95th percentile expected shortfall
metric, which are detailed in an
appendix to the framework. The
escalation framework specifies
appropriate responses where the
expected shortfall level is at an amber
or green level. ICE Clear Europe will
assess procyclicality both on a regular
basis in monitoring model performance
and making margin rate adjustments as
part of risk model design.
The framework requires that the
model design process take into
consideration the procyclicality
E:\FR\FM\07NON1.SGM
07NON1
ethrower on DSK3G9T082PROD with NOTICES
51664
Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 214 / Tuesday, November 7, 2017 / Notices
characteristics of the model. This
should include analysis of the
performance of APC measures during
periods of increasing volatility (in light
of defined threshold conditions
specified in the framework), in a range
of market conditions, including stress
periods.
In addition to the quantitative
metrics, there are a number of
qualitative inputs that are given
consideration under the framework. For
example, ICE Clear Europe will take into
consideration the periodicity of margin
updates and will attempt to mitigate the
effect of such updates by
communicating any such updates to the
cleared markets up to a week in
advance. The framework also includes
procedures for considering the impact of
prospective margin changes on the
portfolios of Clearing Members and
communicating with Clearing Members
that may be significantly affected by
such changes. The framework also takes
into account the activities of other CCPs
in the relevant market (including
whether they are implementing APC
measures), expectations of market
participants, the potential for moral
hazard created by an expectation of
gradual margin changes (which may not
be possible in extreme situations), and
the ability of the clearing house to
override normal APC measures in
extreme circumstances. The framework
recognizes that different APC measures
and thresholds may be appropriate in
different markets based on their
historical performance. ICE Clear
Europe also takes into account the
different liquidity resources and
practices of different types of Clearing
Members, including banks, brokerdealers and other traders, and the need
for margin add-ons to mitigate particular
liquidity and/or concentration risks.
The framework also sets out APC
considerations for new products and
material changes in existing products.
Appendices to the framework set out
more specific analysis of procyclicality
for F&O and CDS products. These
analyses are calculated using several
different measures of procyclicality, on
both whole period and stressed period
bases, and both taking into account
price change effects and without price
change effects, among other factors. The
appendices also detail an ICE Clear
Europe approach to back testing initial
margin calculations, both with and
without anti-procyclicality measures
under its existing margin policies.
Pursuant to the framework, ICE Clear
Europe will disclose its APC
methodology on its Web site. The
framework further provides for ongoing
governance, including the role of the
VerDate Sep<11>2014
17:29 Nov 06, 2017
Jkt 244001
chief risk officer, and review by the
relevant product risk committees and
board risk committee, as appropriate.
(b) Statutory Basis
ICE Clear Europe believes that the
proposed APC framework is consistent
with the requirements of Section 17A of
the Act 6 and the regulations thereunder
applicable to it, including the standards
under Rule 17Ad–22.7 Section
17A(b)(3)(F) of the Act 8 requires, among
other things, that the rules of a clearing
agency be designed to promote the
prompt and accurate clearance and
settlement of securities transactions
and, to the extent applicable, derivative
agreements, contracts, and transactions,
the safeguarding of securities and funds
in the custody or control of the clearing
agency or for which it is responsible,
and the protection of investors and the
public interest. The proposed
amendments are designed to enhance
and formalize the overall assessment
and management of procyclicality in the
clearing house’s margin and haircut
models, among other matters, consistent
with regulatory requirements under
EMIR. The model is thus intended to
strengthen the risk models and
procedures already used by the clearing
house, particularly the margin model,
and limit on an ongoing basis the risks
of procyclicality for Clearing Members
and the clearing house itself. The
framework will also provide greater
clarity and transparency for Clearing
Members and others as to the clearing
house’s approach to managing
procyclicality. As a result, ICE Clear
Europe believes that the proposed
changes will promote the prompt and
accurate clearance and settlement of
cleared transactions, and in general
protect investors and the public interest,
within the meaning of Section
17A(b)(3)(F).9 In addition, the changes
are consistent with the requirements of
Rule 17Ad–22(e)(2),10 which requires
that a clearing agency have governance
arrangements that are clear and
transparent, prioritize the safety and
efficiency of the clearing agency and
support the public interest requirements
of Section 17A of the Act applicable to
clearing agencies and the objectives of
owners and participants, among other
matters. The amendments also generally
strengthen the clearing house’s risk
management procedures, consistent
6 15
U.S.C. 78q–1.
CFR 240.17Ad–22.
8 15 U.S.C. 78q–1(b)(3)(F).
9 15 U.S.C. 78q–1(b)(3)(F).
10 17 CFR 240.17Ad–22(e)(2).
7 17
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Frm 00068
Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
with the requirements of Rule 17Ad–
22(e)(3) and (6).11
(B) Clearing Agency’s Statement on
Burden on Competition
ICE Clear Europe does not believe the
proposed amendments would have any
impact, or impose any burden, on
competition not necessary or
appropriate in furtherance of the
purposes of the Act. The proposed
changes are designed to provide
additional protections against the effects
of procyclicality by setting forth a
methodology to identify and mitigate
such risks, consistent with the
requirements of EMIR. As such, the
changes are intended to reduce the
potential liquidity burden for Clearing
Members of increases in margin
requirements during stressed scenarios.
As a result, ICE Clear Europe does not
believe the changes will adversely affect
the cost to clearing members or other
market participants of clearing services.
The changes will otherwise not affect
the terms or conditions of any cleared
contract or the standards or
requirements for participation in or use
of the Clearing House. The changes
should not, in the Clearing House’s
view, adversely affect competition
among Clearing Members, or the ability
of market participants to access clearing
services generally. As a result, ICE Clear
Europe believes that any impact on
competition is appropriate in
furtherance of the purposes of the Act.
(C) Clearing Agency’s Statement on
Comments on the Proposed Rule
Change Received From Members,
Participants or Others
Written comments relating to the
proposed changes to the rules have not
been solicited or received. ICE Clear
Europe will notify the Commission of
any written comments received by ICE
Clear Europe.
III. Date of Effectiveness of the
Proposed Rule Change
Within 45 days of the date of
publication of this notice in the Federal
Register or within such longer period
up to 90 days (i) as the Commission may
designate if it finds such longer period
to be appropriate and publishes its
reasons for so finding or (ii) as to which
the self-regulatory organization
consents, the Commission will:
(A) By order approve or disapprove
the proposed rule change or
(B) institute proceedings to determine
whether the proposed rule change
should be disapproved.
11 17
E:\FR\FM\07NON1.SGM
CFR 240.17Ad–22(e)(3) and (6).
07NON1
Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 214 / Tuesday, November 7, 2017 / Notices
IV. Solicitation of Comments
Interested persons are invited to
submit written data, views, and
arguments concerning the foregoing,
including whether the proposed rule
change is consistent with the Act.
Comments may be submitted by any of
the following methods:
• Use the Commission’s Internet
comment form (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml) or
• Send an email to rule-comments@
sec.gov. Please include File Number SR–
ICEEU–2017–013 on the subject line.
Paper Comments
ethrower on DSK3G9T082PROD with NOTICES
[FR Doc. 2017–24130 Filed 11–6–17; 8:45 am]
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
[Investment Company Act Release No.
32894; File No. 812–14776]
Princeton Fund Advisors, LLC. et al.
November 2, 2017.
• Send paper comments in triplicate
to Secretary, Securities and Exchange
Commission, 100 F Street NE.,
Washington, DC 20549–1090.
All submissions should refer to File
Number SR–ICEEU–2017–013 This file
number should be included on the
subject line if email is used. To help the
Commission process and review your
comments more efficiently, please use
only one method. The Commission will
post all comments on the Commission’s
Internet Web site (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml). Copies of the
submission, all subsequent
amendments, all written statements
with respect to the proposed rule
change, security-based swap submission
or advance notice that are filed with the
Commission, and all written
communications relating to the
proposed rule change, security-based
swap submission or advance notice
between the Commission and any
person, other than those that may be
withheld from the public in accordance
with the provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will
be available for Web site viewing and
printing in the Commission’s Public
Reference Room, 100 F Street NE.,
Washington, DC 20549, on official
business days between the hours of
10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. Copies of such
filings will also be available for
inspection and copying at the principal
office of ICE Clear Europe and on ICE
Clear Europe’s Web site at https://
www.theice.com/notices/
Notices.shtml?regulatoryFilings.
All comments received will be posted
without change. Persons submitting
comments are cautioned that we do not
redact or edit personal identifying
information from comment submissions.
You should submit only information
that you wish to make available
publicly. All submissions should refer
to File Number SR–ICEEU–2017–013
17:29 Nov 06, 2017
For the Commission, by the Division of
Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated
authority.12
Eduardo A. Aleman,
Assistant Secretary.
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
Electronic Comments
VerDate Sep<11>2014
and should be submitted on or before
November 28, 2017.
Jkt 244001
Securities and Exchange
Commission (‘‘Commission’’).
ACTION: Notice.
AGENCY:
Notice of an application for an order
under section 12(d)(1)(J) of the
Investment Company Act of 1940 (the
‘‘Act’’) for an exemption from sections
12(d)(1)(A) and (B) of the Act and under
sections 6(c) and 17(b) of the Act for an
exemption from sections 17(a)(1) and (2)
of the Act. The requested order would
permit open-end management
investment companies registered under
the Act to acquire shares of open-end
management investment companies
registered under the Act that are outside
of the same group of investment
companies as the acquiring companies.
APPLICANTS: Northern Lights Fund
Trust, a Delaware statutory trust
registered under the Act as an open-end
management investment company with
multiple series (the ‘‘Trust’’); Princeton
Fund Advisors, LLC, a Deleware limited
liability company (the ‘‘Adviser’’),
registered as an investment adviser
under the Investment Advisers Act of
1940; and Foreside Distribution
Services, L.P., a Delaware limited
liability company, and Northern Lights
Distributors, LLC, a Nebraska limited
liability company (together the
‘‘Distributors’’), each registered as a
broker-dealer under the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 (‘‘Exchange Act’’).
FILING DATES: The application was filed
on May 16, 2017 and amended on
August 16, 2017.
HEARING OR NOTIFICATION OF HEARING: An
order granting the requested relief will
be issued unless the Commission orders
a hearing. Interested persons may
request a hearing by writing to the
Commission’s Secretary and serving
applicants with a copy of the request,
personally or by mail. Hearing requests
12 17
PO 00000
CFR 200.30–3(a)(12).
Frm 00069
Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
51665
should be received by the Commission
by 5:30 p.m. on November 28, 2017 and
should be accompanied by proof of
service on the applicants, in the form of
an affidavit, or, for lawyers, a certificate
of service. Pursuant to Rule 0–5 under
the Act, hearing requests should state
the nature of the writer’s interest, any
facts bearing upon the desirability of a
hearing on the matter, the reason for the
request, and the issues contested.
Persons who wish to be notified of a
hearing may request notification by
writing to the Commission’s Secretary.
ADDRESSES: Secretary, U.S. Securities
and Exchange Commission, 100 F Street
NE., Washington, DC 20549–1090.
Applicants: Thompson Hine LLP, 41
South High Street, Suite 1700,
Columbus, OH 43215.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Rochelle Kauffman Plesset, Senior
Counsel, at (202) 551–6840 or David
Marcinkus, Branch Chief, at (202) 551–
6882 (Division of Investment
Management, Chief Counsel’s Office).
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The
following is a summary of the
application. The complete application
may be obtained via the Commission’s
Web site by searching for the file
number, or for an applicant using the
Company name box, at https://
www.sec.gov/search/search.htm, or by
calling (202) 551–8090.
Summary of the Application
1. Applicants request an order to
permit (a) registered open-end
management investment companies (the
‘‘Investing Funds’’) that are not part of
the same ‘‘group of investment
companies,’’ within the meaning of
section 12(d)(1)(G)(ii) of the Act, as the
Trust, to acquire shares in series of the
Trust 1 advised by the Adviser in excess
of the limits in sections 12(d)(1)(A) of
the Act and (b) the Funds, their
principal underwriters and any broker
1 Applicants request that the order apply to (1)
each existing series of the Trust that currently is
part of the same ‘‘group of investment companes’’
as the Trust and is advised by the Adviser, (2) to
any future series of the Trust, and any other existing
or future registered open-end management
investment companies and any series thereof that
are, or may in the future be, advised by the Advisor
and that are part of the same group of investment
companies (each, a ‘‘Fund’’ and collectively the
‘‘Funds’’), and (3) any principal underwriter and
distributor for a Fund. Certain of the Funds may
have obtained exemptions from the Commission
necessary to permit their shares to be listed and
traded on a national securities exchange at
negotiated prices and, accordingly, to operate as an
exchange-traded fund (‘‘ETF’’). For purposes of the
request for relief, the term ‘‘group of investment
companies’’ means any two or more registered
investment companies that hold themselves out to
investors as related companies for purposes of
investment and investor services.
E:\FR\FM\07NON1.SGM
07NON1
Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 82, Number 214 (Tuesday, November 7, 2017)]
[Notices]
[Pages 51663-51665]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2017-24130]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
[Release No. 34-81994; File No. SR-ICEEU-2017-013]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; ICE Clear Europe Limited; Notice
of Filing of Proposed Rule Change, Security-Based Swap Submission or
Advance Notice Relating to the ICE Clear Europe Procyclicality
Framework
November 1, 2017.
Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
(``Act''),\1\ and Rule 19b-4 thereunder,\2\ notice is hereby given that
on October 23, 2017, ICE Clear Europe Limited (``ICE Clear Europe'')
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (``Commission'') the
proposed rule changes described in Items I, II, and III below, which
Items have been prepared primarily by ICE Clear Europe. The Commission
is publishing this notice to solicit comments on the proposed rule
change from interested persons.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
\2\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
I. Clearing Agency's Statement of the Terms of Substance of the
Proposed Rule Change
The principal purpose of the changes is to adopt a new policy
framework for addressing the procyclicality of its risk management
policies by establishing such a framework that addresses the risk
appetite, model design, monitoring and assessment and management of
procyclicality in the risk models used by ICE Clear Europe to manage
default risk.
II. Clearing Agency's Statement of the Purpose of, and Statutory Basis
for, the Proposed Rule Change
In its filing with the Commission, ICE Clear Europe included
statements concerning the purpose of and basis for the proposed rule
change and discussed any comments it received on the proposed rule
change. The text of these statements may be examined at the places
specified in Item IV below. ICE Clear Europe has prepared summaries,
set forth in sections (A), (B), and (C) below, of the most significant
aspects of such statements.
(A) Clearing Agency's Statement of the Purpose of, and Statutory Basis
for, the Proposed Rule Change
(a) Purpose
The purpose of the Procyclicality Framework is to establish an
overall framework for the risk appetite, model design, monitoring and
assessment and management of procyclicality in the risk models used by
ICE Clear Europe to manage default risk. The European Market
Infrastructure Regulation \3\ (``EMIR'') and related implementing
standards require that a central counterparty (``CCP'') ensure that its
margin framework provides, among other matters, stable and prudent
margin requirements that limit procyclicality to the extent that the
soundness and financial security of the central counterparty is not
negatively affected.\4\ Those standards also require that central
counterparties implement at least one of several specified options for
mitigating procyclicality with respect to margin requirements.\5\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\3\ Regulation (EU) No 648/2012 of the European Parliament and
of the Council of 4 July 2012 on OTC derivatives, central
counterparties and trade repositories, as well as various
implementing regulations and technical standards.
\4\ Article 28 of Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 153/
2013 of 19 December 2012 supplementing Regulation (EU) No 648/2012
of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to
regulatory technical standards on requirements for central
counterparties.
\5\ The CPMI-IOSCO Principles for Financial Market
Infrastructures (``PFMIs'') similarly provide that a clearing house
should limit procyclicality for margin requirements and haircuts.
See Principles 5 (Collateral) and 6 (Margin).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Although ICE Clear Europe's current margin policies incorporate the
anti-procyclicality (``APC'') measures required by EMIR (and ICE Clear
Europe does not propose to change such measures at this time), it is
proposing to adopt the Procyclicality Framework in order to provide a
more defined framework for considering the impact of procyclicality on
margining, membership, collateral haircuts, stress testing and
concentration risk policies. The framework is designed to set out (1)
the aspects of ICE Clear Europe risk policies relevant to
procyclicality considerations, (2) how the clearing house will assess
procyclicality (both as a qualitative and a quantitative matter) and
(3) how the clearing house will factor considerations of procyclicality
into its response to emerging risks.
Although ``procyclicality'' is not expressly defined in EMIR, ICE
Clear Europe considers procyclicality for purposes of the proposed
framework to be the extent to which changes in market conditions can
have an effect on a clearing member's ability to manage its liquidity
to meet ICE Clear Europe's changing margin requirements. For example, a
typical initial margin model would require increased margin in stressed
margin conditions, and such increases may potentially occur rapidly
and/or over-react to the change in conditions. Such margin increases,
in turn, may stress a clearing member's ability to obtain liquidity to
meet the increased requirements.
The framework identifies sources of procyclicality, in particular
in margin models, stress testing, and collateral haircut policies, and
references existing mitigation strategies and stress testing
arrangements used by the clearing house. Stress testing scenarios that
are based on models similar to margin models but targeting a higher
confidence quantile may also be procyclical due to changing market
conditions, which may lead to increased stress shock results and
therefore in default fund requirements. The framework also addresses
how ICE Clear Europe intends to address procyclicality on an ongoing
basis. Under the framework, ICE Clear Europe will assess procyclicality
by monitoring the 95th percentile expected shortfall of the 5-day
percentage change in initial margin (or other relevant risk mitigant)
over a rolling 250-day window. ICE Clear Europe established this
period, in consultation with Clearing Members, as an appropriate period
to reflect short-term spikes in margin. ICE Clear Europe will also
monitor the largest percentage changes to facilitate observation of
both the maximum and a tail estimate to remove extreme outliers. A red-
amber-green (``R-A-G'') escalation framework will be used with respect
to implementing APC measures based on certain defined thresholds for
expected 95th percentile expected shortfall metric, which are detailed
in an appendix to the framework. The escalation framework specifies
appropriate responses where the expected shortfall level is at an amber
or green level. ICE Clear Europe will assess procyclicality both on a
regular basis in monitoring model performance and making margin rate
adjustments as part of risk model design.
The framework requires that the model design process take into
consideration the procyclicality
[[Page 51664]]
characteristics of the model. This should include analysis of the
performance of APC measures during periods of increasing volatility (in
light of defined threshold conditions specified in the framework), in a
range of market conditions, including stress periods.
In addition to the quantitative metrics, there are a number of
qualitative inputs that are given consideration under the framework.
For example, ICE Clear Europe will take into consideration the
periodicity of margin updates and will attempt to mitigate the effect
of such updates by communicating any such updates to the cleared
markets up to a week in advance. The framework also includes procedures
for considering the impact of prospective margin changes on the
portfolios of Clearing Members and communicating with Clearing Members
that may be significantly affected by such changes. The framework also
takes into account the activities of other CCPs in the relevant market
(including whether they are implementing APC measures), expectations of
market participants, the potential for moral hazard created by an
expectation of gradual margin changes (which may not be possible in
extreme situations), and the ability of the clearing house to override
normal APC measures in extreme circumstances. The framework recognizes
that different APC measures and thresholds may be appropriate in
different markets based on their historical performance. ICE Clear
Europe also takes into account the different liquidity resources and
practices of different types of Clearing Members, including banks,
broker-dealers and other traders, and the need for margin add-ons to
mitigate particular liquidity and/or concentration risks. The framework
also sets out APC considerations for new products and material changes
in existing products.
Appendices to the framework set out more specific analysis of
procyclicality for F&O and CDS products. These analyses are calculated
using several different measures of procyclicality, on both whole
period and stressed period bases, and both taking into account price
change effects and without price change effects, among other factors.
The appendices also detail an ICE Clear Europe approach to back testing
initial margin calculations, both with and without anti-procyclicality
measures under its existing margin policies.
Pursuant to the framework, ICE Clear Europe will disclose its APC
methodology on its Web site. The framework further provides for ongoing
governance, including the role of the chief risk officer, and review by
the relevant product risk committees and board risk committee, as
appropriate.
(b) Statutory Basis
ICE Clear Europe believes that the proposed APC framework is
consistent with the requirements of Section 17A of the Act \6\ and the
regulations thereunder applicable to it, including the standards under
Rule 17Ad-22.\7\ Section 17A(b)(3)(F) of the Act \8\ requires, among
other things, that the rules of a clearing agency be designed to
promote the prompt and accurate clearance and settlement of securities
transactions and, to the extent applicable, derivative agreements,
contracts, and transactions, the safeguarding of securities and funds
in the custody or control of the clearing agency or for which it is
responsible, and the protection of investors and the public interest.
The proposed amendments are designed to enhance and formalize the
overall assessment and management of procyclicality in the clearing
house's margin and haircut models, among other matters, consistent with
regulatory requirements under EMIR. The model is thus intended to
strengthen the risk models and procedures already used by the clearing
house, particularly the margin model, and limit on an ongoing basis the
risks of procyclicality for Clearing Members and the clearing house
itself. The framework will also provide greater clarity and
transparency for Clearing Members and others as to the clearing house's
approach to managing procyclicality. As a result, ICE Clear Europe
believes that the proposed changes will promote the prompt and accurate
clearance and settlement of cleared transactions, and in general
protect investors and the public interest, within the meaning of
Section 17A(b)(3)(F).\9\ In addition, the changes are consistent with
the requirements of Rule 17Ad-22(e)(2),\10\ which requires that a
clearing agency have governance arrangements that are clear and
transparent, prioritize the safety and efficiency of the clearing
agency and support the public interest requirements of Section 17A of
the Act applicable to clearing agencies and the objectives of owners
and participants, among other matters. The amendments also generally
strengthen the clearing house's risk management procedures, consistent
with the requirements of Rule 17Ad-22(e)(3) and (6).\11\
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\6\ 15 U.S.C. 78q-1.
\7\ 17 CFR 240.17Ad-22.
\8\ 15 U.S.C. 78q-1(b)(3)(F).
\9\ 15 U.S.C. 78q-1(b)(3)(F).
\10\ 17 CFR 240.17Ad-22(e)(2).
\11\ 17 CFR 240.17Ad-22(e)(3) and (6).
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(B) Clearing Agency's Statement on Burden on Competition
ICE Clear Europe does not believe the proposed amendments would
have any impact, or impose any burden, on competition not necessary or
appropriate in furtherance of the purposes of the Act. The proposed
changes are designed to provide additional protections against the
effects of procyclicality by setting forth a methodology to identify
and mitigate such risks, consistent with the requirements of EMIR. As
such, the changes are intended to reduce the potential liquidity burden
for Clearing Members of increases in margin requirements during
stressed scenarios. As a result, ICE Clear Europe does not believe the
changes will adversely affect the cost to clearing members or other
market participants of clearing services. The changes will otherwise
not affect the terms or conditions of any cleared contract or the
standards or requirements for participation in or use of the Clearing
House. The changes should not, in the Clearing House's view, adversely
affect competition among Clearing Members, or the ability of market
participants to access clearing services generally. As a result, ICE
Clear Europe believes that any impact on competition is appropriate in
furtherance of the purposes of the Act.
(C) Clearing Agency's Statement on Comments on the Proposed Rule Change
Received From Members, Participants or Others
Written comments relating to the proposed changes to the rules have
not been solicited or received. ICE Clear Europe will notify the
Commission of any written comments received by ICE Clear Europe.
III. Date of Effectiveness of the Proposed Rule Change
Within 45 days of the date of publication of this notice in the
Federal Register or within such longer period up to 90 days (i) as the
Commission may designate if it finds such longer period to be
appropriate and publishes its reasons for so finding or (ii) as to
which the self-regulatory organization consents, the Commission will:
(A) By order approve or disapprove the proposed rule change or
(B) institute proceedings to determine whether the proposed rule
change should be disapproved.
[[Page 51665]]
IV. Solicitation of Comments
Interested persons are invited to submit written data, views, and
arguments concerning the foregoing, including whether the proposed rule
change is consistent with the Act. Comments may be submitted by any of
the following methods:
Electronic Comments
Use the Commission's Internet comment form (https://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml) or
Send an email to rule-comments@sec.gov. Please include
File Number SR-ICEEU-2017-013 on the subject line.
Paper Comments
Send paper comments in triplicate to Secretary, Securities
and Exchange Commission, 100 F Street NE., Washington, DC 20549-1090.
All submissions should refer to File Number SR-ICEEU-2017-013 This file
number should be included on the subject line if email is used. To help
the Commission process and review your comments more efficiently,
please use only one method. The Commission will post all comments on
the Commission's Internet Web site (https://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml). Copies of the submission, all subsequent amendments, all
written statements with respect to the proposed rule change, security-
based swap submission or advance notice that are filed with the
Commission, and all written communications relating to the proposed
rule change, security-based swap submission or advance notice between
the Commission and any person, other than those that may be withheld
from the public in accordance with the provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will
be available for Web site viewing and printing in the Commission's
Public Reference Room, 100 F Street NE., Washington, DC 20549, on
official business days between the hours of 10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m.
Copies of such filings will also be available for inspection and
copying at the principal office of ICE Clear Europe and on ICE Clear
Europe's Web site at https://www.theice.com/notices/Notices.shtml?regulatoryFilings.
All comments received will be posted without change. Persons
submitting comments are cautioned that we do not redact or edit
personal identifying information from comment submissions. You should
submit only information that you wish to make available publicly. All
submissions should refer to File Number SR-ICEEU-2017-013 and should be
submitted on or before November 28, 2017.
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\12\ 17 CFR 200.30-3(a)(12).
For the Commission, by the Division of Trading and Markets,
pursuant to delegated authority.\12\
Eduardo A. Aleman,
Assistant Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2017-24130 Filed 11-6-17; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011-01-P