Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of Proposed Rule Change To Expand the Features of the Enterprise License Set Forth at Rule 7047, 45639-45643 [2017-20886]
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Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 188 / Friday, September 29, 2017 / Notices
B. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement on Burden on Competition
The Exchange does not believe that
the proposed rule change will impose
any burden on competition that is not
necessary or appropriate in furtherance
of the purposes of the Act. The
Exchange believes the proposed rule
change will enhance competition by
accommodating Exchange trading of an
additional exchange-traded product
relating to physical silver.
C. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement on Comments on the
Proposed Rule Change Received From
Members, Participants, or Others
No written comments were solicited
or received with respect to the proposed
rule change.
III. Date of Effectiveness of the
Proposed Rule Change and Timing for
Commission Action
Within 45 days of the date of
publication of this notice in the Federal
Register or within such longer period
up to 90 days (i) as the Commission may
designate if it finds such longer period
to be appropriate and publishes its
reasons for so finding or (ii) as to which
the self-regulatory organization
consents, the Commission will:
A. By order approve or disapprove the
proposed rule change, or
B. institute proceedings to determine
whether the proposed rule change
should be disapproved.
IV. Solicitation of Comments
Interested persons are invited to
submit written data, views and
arguments concerning the foregoing,
including whether the proposed rule
change is consistent with the Act.
Comments may be submitted by any of
the following methods:
asabaliauskas on DSKBBXCHB2PROD with NOTICES
Electronic Comments
• Use the Commission’s Internet
comment form (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml); or
• Send an email to rule-comments@
sec.gov. Please include File Number SR–
NYSEArca–2017–111 in the subject line.
Paper Comments
• Send paper comments in triplicate
to Secretary, Securities and Exchange
Commission, 100 F Street NE.,
Washington, DC 20549–1090.
All submissions should refer to File
Number SR–NYSEArca–2017–111. This
file number should be included in the
subject line if email is used. To help the
Commission process and review your
comments more efficiently, please use
only one method. The Commission will
post all comments on the Commission’s
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Internet Web site (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml). Copies of the
submission, all subsequent
amendments, all written statements
with respect to the proposed rule
change that are filed with the
Commission, and all written
communications relating to the
proposed rule change between the
Commission and any person, other than
those that may be withheld from the
public in accordance with the
provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be
available for Web site viewing and
printing in the Commission’s Public
Reference Room, 100 F Street NE.,
Washington, DC 20549, on official
business days between the hours of
10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. Copies of the
filing will also be available for
inspection and copying at the principal
office of the Exchange. All comments
received will be posted without change;
the Commission does not edit personal
identifying information from
submissions. You should submit only
information that you wish to make
available publicly. All submissions
should refer to File Number SR–
NYSEArca–2017–111 and should be
submitted on or before October 20,
2017.
For the Commission, by the Division of
Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated
authority.23
Eduardo A. Aleman,
Assistant Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2017–20887 Filed 9–28–17; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
[Release No. 34–81687]
Public Availability of the Securities and
Exchange Commission’s FY 2015
Service Contract Inventory
Securities and Exchange
Commission.
ACTION: Notice.
AGENCY:
In accordance with Section
743 of Division C of the Consolidated
Appropriations Act of 2010, SEC is
publishing this notice to advise the
public of the availability of the FY2016
Service Contract Inventory (SCI) and the
FY2015 SCI Analysis. The SCI provides
information on FY2016 actions over
$25,000 for service contracts. The
inventory organizes the information by
function to show how SEC distributes
contracted resources throughout the
agency. SEC developed the inventory
per the guidance issued on November 5,
SUMMARY:
2011 by the Office of Management and
Budget’s Office of Federal Procurement
Policy (OFPP). OFPP’s guidance is
available at https://www.whitehouse.gov/
sites/default/files/omb/procurement/
memo/service-contract-inventoriesguidance-11052010.pdf.
The Service Contract Inventory
Analysis for FY2015 provides
information based on the FY 2015
Inventory. Please note that the SEC’s FY
2016 Service Contract Inventory data is
now included in government-wide
inventory available on
www.acquisition.gov. The governmentwide inventory can be filtered to display
the inventory data for the SEC. The SEC
has posted its plan for analyzing FY
2016 data, a link to the FY 2016
government-wide Service Contract
Inventory and the FY 2015 SCI Analysis
on the SEC’s homepage at https://
www.sec.gov/about/secreports.shtml
and https://www.sec.gov/open.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Direct questions regarding the service
contract inventory to Vance Cathell,
Director Office of Acquisitions (202)
551–8385 or CathellV@sec.gov.
Dated: September 22, 2017.
Brent J. Fields,
Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2017–20879 Filed 9–28–17; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
[Release No. 34–81697; File No. SR–
NASDAQ–2017–095]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; The
NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of
Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of
Proposed Rule Change To Expand the
Features of the Enterprise License Set
Forth at Rule 7047
September 25, 2017.
Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
(‘‘Act’’), 1 and Rule 19b–4 thereunder,2
notice is hereby given that on
September 12, 2017, The NASDAQ
Stock Market LLC (‘‘Nasdaq’’ or
‘‘Exchange’’) filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission (‘‘SEC’’ or
‘‘Commission’’) the proposed rule
change as described in Items I, II, and
III, below, which Items have been
prepared by the Exchange. The
Commission is publishing this notice to
solicit comments on the proposed rule
change from interested persons.
1 15
23 17
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CFR 200.30–3(a)(12).
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2 17
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U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
CFR 240.19b–4.
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Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 188 / Friday, September 29, 2017 / Notices
I. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Terms of Substance of
the Proposed Rule Change
The Exchange proposes to amend the
Exchange’s fees at Rule 7047 to expand
the features of the enterprise license set
forth at Rule 7047(b)(5).
The text of the proposed rule change
is available on the Exchange’s Web site
at https://nasdaq.cchwallstreet.com/, at
the principal office of the Exchange, and
at the Commission’s Public Reference
Room.
II. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
Change
In its filing with the Commission, the
Exchange included statements
concerning the purpose of and basis for
the proposed rule change and discussed
any comments it received on the
proposed rule change. The text of these
statements may be examined at the
places specified in Item IV below. The
Exchange has prepared summaries, set
forth in sections A, B, and C below, of
the most significant aspects of such
statements.
A. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
Change
asabaliauskas on DSKBBXCHB2PROD with NOTICES
1. Purpose
The Exchange proposes to amend its
fees at Rule 7047 to expand the features
of the enterprise license set forth at Rule
7047(b)(5). The proposed changes will:
(i) Allow distribution of Nasdaq Basic
data to certain Professional Subscribers
that are currently excluded from the
license; and (ii) permit the distribution
of NLS data along with Nasdaq Basic
data without paying per user, per query,
per visitor or per household fees. This
proposal, which also includes technical
and conforming changes, will increase
the features of this Nasdaq Basic
enterprise license without changing its
fee, thereby lowering the overall cost of
the product.
Current Fee Structure
Nasdaq Basic provides best bid and
offer and last sale information from the
Nasdaq Market Center and the FINRA/
Nasdaq Trade Reporting Facility
(‘‘FINRA/Nasdaq TRF’’). It is a ‘‘noncore’’ product that provides a subset of
the ‘‘core’’ last-sale data provided by
securities information processors
(‘‘SIPs’’) under the CTA Plan and the
Nasdaq UTP Plan. Data is taken from
three sources, which may be purchased
individually or in combination: (i)
Nasdaq Basic for Nasdaq, which
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contains the best bid and offer on the
Nasdaq Market Center and last sale
trade reports for Nasdaq and the FINRA/
Nasdaq TRF for Nasdaq-listed stocks;
(ii) Nasdaq Basic for NYSE, which
contains the best bid and offer on the
Nasdaq Market Center and last sale
trade reports for Nasdaq and the FINRA/
Nasdaq TRF for NYSE-listed stocks; and
(iii) Nasdaq Basic for NYSE MKT, which
contains the best bid and offer on the
Nasdaq Market Center and last sale
trade reports for Nasdaq and the FINRA/
Nasdaq TRF for stocks listed on NYSE
MKT and other listing venues whose
quotes and trade reports are
disseminated on Tape B.
User fees for Nasdaq Basic may be
paid through per Subscriber monthly
charges, per query fees, or two types of
enterprise licenses: An internal
enterprise license for Professional
Subscribers at Rule 7047(b)(4) (for
$365,000 per month); and an enterprise
license for Non-Professional and
Professional Subscribers with whom the
broker-dealer has a brokerage
relationship at Rule 7047(b)(5) (for
$100,000 per month). The Exchange
proposes to modify the second of these
two enterprise licenses, at Rule
7047(b)(5), which allows the
distribution of Nasdaq Basic, or Derived
Data therefrom, to Professional and
Non-Professional Subscribers who are
natural persons and with whom the
broker-dealer has a brokerage
relationship. As a current condition of
this license, Professional Users [sic]
who receive data may not use that data
within the scope of any professional
engagement or registration. In addition,
Nasdaq must approve any electronic
system used to distribute such data, and
a separate enterprise license must be
purchased for each such system. Brokerdealers purchasing this license must
also report the number of Subscribers at
least once per year.
As noted above, the Exchange
proposes to add NLS data as an
additional feature to the Nasdaq Basic
enterprise license at Rule 7047(b)(5).
NLS provides real-time last sale
information, including price, volume,
and time of execution, for transactions
on the Nasdaq Market Center or
reported to the FINRA/Nasdaq TRF.3 It
is, like Nasdaq Basic, a non-core
product that provides a subset of the
core data provided by the SIPs under
the CTA Plan and the Nasdaq UTP Plan.
NLS was designed to ‘‘increase[ ] the
3 See NASDAQ Rule 7039(a)–(c); see also
Securities Exchange Act Release No. 71351 (January
17, 2014), 79 FR 4200 (Jan. 24, 2014) (SR–
NASDAQ–2014–006) (notice of filing and
immediate effectiveness regarding permanent
approval of NLS).
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availability of NASDAQ proprietary
market data to individual investors.’’ 4
The Exchange does not explicitly offer
an enterprise license for NLS, but has
set a cap of $41,500 per month for NLS
for Nasdaq and NLS for NYSE/NYSE
MKT.
Proposed Changes
As explained above, the proposed
changes will expand the features of the
enterprise license set forth at Rule
7047(b)(5) by: (i) Allowing distribution
of Nasdaq Basic data to certain
Professional Users [sic] that are
currently excluded from the license; and
(ii) permitting the distribution of NLS
data, along with Nasdaq Basic data,
without paying per user, per query, per
visitor or per household fees. The
proposal will also include technical and
conforming changes as described below.
The enterprise license at Rule
7047(b)(5) currently allows distribution
of data to Professionals in the context of
a brokerage relationship with the
broker-dealer, and explicitly prohibits
Professionals who receive data under
that license from using it within the
scope of a professional engagement or
registration. The Exchange proposes to
loosen that restriction by allowing the
broker-dealer to make Nasdaq Basic data
available to up to and including 4,500
internal Subscribers operating on
approved electronic system for use by
Professionals who work for the brokerdealer and use that data to provide
brokerage services to investors. Use of
the license for internal Subscribers will
be limited to Professionals providing
brokerage services to investors, but will
not be available to any Professionals
involved in proprietary trading,
surveillance activities, or performing
any other function solely for the benefit
of the broker-dealer. Internal
Subscribers may operate only on an
approved electronic system to ensure
that appropriate controls are in place to
prevent use of the data by unauthorized
personnel or for impermissible
purposes. Any distribution to over 4,500
internal Subscribers, or any usage by
Professional Users [sic] not in support of
brokerage services to investors on an
approved platform, would be subject to
the applicable fees set forth in Rule
7047(b).
The difference between internal
distribution of Nasdaq Basic through the
4 See SR–NASDAQ–2006–060 at 3 (Amendment
No. 2, June 10, 2008) (available at https://
nasdaq.cchwallstreet.com/NASDAQ/pdf/nasdaqfilings/2006/SR-NASDAQ-2006-060_Amendment_
2.pdf); see also Securities Exchange Act Release No.
57965 (June 16, 2008), 73 FR 35178 (June 20, 2008)
(SR–NASDAQ–2006–060) (approving SR–
NASDAQ–2006–060, as amended by Amendment
Nos. 1 and 2, to implement NLS on a pilot basis).
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Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 188 / Friday, September 29, 2017 / Notices
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newly proposed $100,000 enterprise
license at Rule 7047(b)(5), and internal
distribution under the existing $365,000
license under Rule 7047(b)(4), is of
magnitude and scope. The new license
will be limited to 4,500 internal
Professional Subscribers, whereas the
number of internal Subscribers able to
obtain data under the $365,000
enterprise license is not so limited.5 In
addition, use of the data by internal
Professional Users [sic] under the
proposed license will be limited to the
provision of brokerage services to
investors, whereas use of the data
through the $365,000 license under Rule
7047(b)(4) is not limited to such
services. Under the proposed rule,
Professional Subscribers who do not
obtain Nasdaq Basic through internal
distribution, but rather through their
own brokerage relationship with the
broker-dealer, will still be prohibited
from using such data within the scope
of any professional engagement.
In addition to allowing distribution
for up to 4,500 internal Subscribers, the
Exchange also proposes to permit
distribution of NLS data without paying
the fees set forth in Rule 7039(b).6 The
Exchange does not currently offer an
enterprise license for NLS, although
there is a maximum distributor fee for
any Distributor using the per user, per
query, per visitor or per household
pricing models of $41,500 per month.
There are no additional restrictions on
the use of NLS data under this license,
although all other fees and restrictions
other than the fees set forth in Rule
7039(b) will continue to apply.
The technical and conforming
changes proposed by the Exchange are
to: (i) Require broker-dealers purchasing
the enterprise license at Rule 7047(b)(5)
to report the number of Professional
Subscribers on a monthly basis; (ii)
clarify that Professional Users [sic]
receiving Nasdaq Basic data through
internal Subscribers (not in the context
of their own brokerage relationship with
the broker-dealer) are not prohibited
from using the data within the scope of
any professional engagement or
registration; and (iii) replace references
to ‘‘NASDAQ,’’ with all letters
5 The enterprise license at Rule 7047(b)(4) allows
distribution to 16,000 internal Professional
Subscribers for no additional cost, with an
additional charge of $2 for each internal
Professional Subscriber above that level, provided
that the broker-dealer obtains the license through an
External Distributor that controls display of the
product, and the broker-dealer obtains a separate
license for each such External Distributor.
6 The Exchange anticipates filing changes to Rule
7039 that would eliminate Distributor fees under
Rule 7039(c) for any firm paying such a fee for
Nasdaq Basic, effectively eliminating all NLS fees
with the purchase of this enterprise license.
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capitalized, with ‘‘Nasdaq,’’ in which
only the first letter of the company is
capitalized. All of these changes are
necessary to support the primary fee
changes sought by the Exchange, or to
correct technical errors. The change in
reporting is necessary to monitor the
number of internal Subscribers
receiving data. The clarification to the
ability of Professionals to utilize Nasdaq
Basic data is necessary to allow
Professionals to effectively use the data
in support of providing brokerage
services to investors. The change from
NASDAQ to Nasdaq is necessary to
replace an older version of the
Exchange’s name.
The purpose of the proposed changes
is to make the purchase of the enterprise
license at Rule 7047(b)(5) more
attractive to broker-dealers by adding
features without increasing fees. The
cost of the license will remain $100,000
per month, but services will be
augmented by allowing internal
distribution to up to 4,500 Professionals
and including distribution of NLS to
private investors. The proposal will
lower the costs to broker-dealers of
distributing Nasdaq Basic and NLS,
thereby encouraging the dissemination
of such data to individual investors.
The enterprise license at Rule
7047(b)(5) is optional in that Nasdaq is
not required to offer it and brokerdealers are not required to purchase it.
Firms can discontinue use at any time
and for any reason, including an
assessment of the fees charged.
The proposed change does not change
the cost of any other Nasdaq product.
2. Statutory Basis
The Exchange believes that its
proposal is consistent with Section 6(b)
of the Act,7 in general, and furthers the
objectives of Sections 6(b)(4) and 6(b)(5)
of the Act,8 in particular, in that it
provides for the equitable allocation of
reasonable dues, fees and other charges
among members and issuers and other
persons using any facility, and is not
designed to permit unfair
discrimination between customers,
issuers, brokers, or dealers.
The Commission and the courts have
repeatedly expressed their preference
for competition over regulatory
intervention in determining prices,
products, and services in the securities
markets. In Regulation NMS, while
adopting a series of steps to improve the
current market model, the Commission
highlighted the importance of market
forces in determining prices and SRO
revenues and, also, recognized that
7 15
8 15
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U.S.C. 78f(b).
U.S.C. 78f(b)(4) and (5).
Frm 00067
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45641
current regulation of the market system
‘‘has been remarkably successful in
promoting market competition in its
broader forms that are most important to
investors and listed companies.’’ 9
Likewise, in NetCoalition v. Securities
and Exchange Commission 10
(‘‘NetCoalition’’) the D.C. Circuit upheld
the Commission’s use of a market-based
approach in evaluating the fairness of
market data fees against a challenge
claiming that Congress mandated a costbased approach.11 As the court
emphasized, the Commission ‘‘intended
in Regulation NMS that ‘market forces,
rather than regulatory requirements’
play a role in determining the market
data . . . to be made available to
investors and at what cost.’’ 12
Further, ‘‘[n]o one disputes that
competition for order flow is ‘fierce.’
. . . As the SEC explained, ‘[i]n the U.S.
national market system, buyers and
sellers of securities, and the brokerdealers that act as their order-routing
agents, have a wide range of choices of
where to route orders for execution’;
[and] ‘no exchange can afford to take its
market share percentages for granted’
because ‘no exchange possesses a
monopoly, regulatory or otherwise, in
the execution of order flow from broker
dealers’. . . .’’ 13
The Exchange believes that the
proposal to expand the features of the
enterprise license set forth at Rule
7047(b)(5) without increasing fees is an
equitable allocation of reasonable dues,
fees and other charges in accordance
with Section 6(b)(4) of the Act, and not
designed to permit unfair
discrimination between customers,
issuers, brokers, or dealers in
accordance with Section 6(b)(5) of the
Act. As described above, the proposed
changes will: (i) Allow distribution of
Nasdaq Basic data to certain
Professional Subscribers that are
currently excluded from the license; and
(ii) permit the distribution of NLS data
along with Nasdaq Basic data without
paying per user, per query, per visitor or
per household fees. The proposal will
provide greater value to the brokerdealers purchasing the enterprise
license, and increase market
transparency by lowering the cost of
distributing both NLS and Basic to
9 Securities Exchange Act Release No. 51808
(June 9, 2005), 70 FR 37496, 37499 (June 29, 2005)
(‘‘Regulation NMS Adopting Release’’).
10 NetCoalition v. SEC, 615 F.3d 525 (D.C. Cir.
2010).
11 Id. at 534–535.
12 Id. at 537.
13 Id. at 539 (quoting Securities Exchange Act
Release No. 59039 (December 2, 2008), 73 FR
74770, 74782–83 (December 9, 2008) (SR–
NYSEArca–2006–21)).
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Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 188 / Friday, September 29, 2017 / Notices
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investors. The proposal is an equitable
allocation of reasonable dues, fees and
other charges because the services will
be the same for all broker-dealers that
purchase the license. The services are
not designed to permit unfair
discrimination because all brokerdealers will be able to purchase the
same license at the same price. As is the
case for the current enterprise licenses,
offering the enterprise license only to
broker-dealers is not unfair
discrimination because the license is
primarily designed to allow data
distribution to investors, and investors
execute trades through broker-dealers. It
is reasonable to limit use of the
expanded enterprise license to internal
Subscribers operating on approved
platforms to ensure that the data is
being used to support brokerage services
for investors, rather than any other
purpose. Moreover, enterprise license
fees, like all market data fees, are
constrained by the Exchange’s need to
compete for order flow, and are subject
to competition from other exchanges
and among broker-dealers for customers.
If Nasdaq is incorrect in its assessment
of price, it may lose market share as a
result.
B. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement on Burden on Competition
The Exchange does not believe that
the proposed rule change will impose
any burden on competition not
necessary or appropriate in furtherance
of the purposes of the Act. In terms of
inter-market competition, the Exchange
notes that it operates in a highly
competitive market in which market
participants can readily favor competing
venues if they deem fee levels at a
particular venue to be excessive, or
rebate opportunities available at other
venues to be more favorable. In such an
environment, the Exchange must
continually adjust its fees to remain
competitive with other exchanges and
with alternative trading systems that
have been exempted from compliance
with the statutory standards applicable
to exchanges. Because competitors are
free to modify their own fees in
response, and because market
participants may readily adjust their
order routing practices, the Exchange
believes that the degree to which fee
changes in this market may impose any
burden on competition is extremely
limited.
The proposed changes will effectively
lower the cost to broker-dealers to
distribute NLS and Nasdaq Basic by
expanding the features of the enterprise
license set forth at Rule 7047(b)(5)
without increasing fees. This proposal
to lower costs is itself evidence of the
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need to maintain low prices is [sic] a
competitive marketplace. Accordingly,
the Exchange does not believe that the
proposed changes will impair the ability
of members or competing order
execution venues to maintain their
competitive standing in the financial
markets.
Market forces constrain the prices for
NLS and Nasdaq Basic in two respects.
First, market data fees are one element
of the total cost of interacting with the
Exchange and, if the price of these
products were set above competitive
levels, competition for order flow would
be harmed. Second, the competition
among broker-dealers for customers will
provide another constraint on the cost of
NLS and Nasdaq Basic.
Competition for Order Flow
Market data fees are constrained by
competition among exchanges and other
entities seeking to attract order flow.
Order flow is the ‘‘life blood’’ of the
exchanges. Broker-dealers currently
have numerous alternative venues for
their order flow, including selfregulatory organization (‘‘SRO’’)
markets, as well as internalizing brokerdealers and various forms of alternative
trading systems (‘‘ATSs’’), including
dark pools and electronic
communication networks (‘‘ECNs’’).
Each SRO market competes to produce
transaction reports via trade executions,
and two FINRA-regulated TRFs compete
to attract internalized transaction
reports. The existence of fierce
competition for order flow implies a
high degree of price sensitivity on the
part of broker-dealers, which may
readily reduce costs by directing orders
toward the lowest-cost trading venues.
The level of competition and
contestability in the market for order
flow is demonstrated by the numerous
examples of entrants that swiftly grew
into some of the largest electronic
trading platforms and proprietary data
producers: Archipelago, Bloomberg
Tradebook, Island, RediBook, Attain,
TracECN, BATS Trading and BATS/
Direct Edge. A proliferation of dark
pools and other ATSs operate profitably
with fragmentary shares of consolidated
market volume. For a variety of reasons,
competition from new entrants,
especially for order execution, has
increased dramatically over the last
decade.
Each SRO, TRF, ATS, and brokerdealer that competes for order flow is
permitted to produce proprietary data
products. Many currently do or have
announced plans to do so, including
NYSE, NYSE Amex, NYSE Arca, BATS,
and IEX. This is because Regulation
NMS deregulated the market for
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proprietary data. While broker-dealers
had previously published their
proprietary data individually,
Regulation NMS encourages market data
vendors and broker-dealers to produce
proprietary products cooperatively in a
manner never before possible. Order
routers and market data vendors can
facilitate production of proprietary data
products for single or multiple brokerdealers. The potential sources of
proprietary products are virtually
limitless.
The markets for order flow and
proprietary data are inextricably linked:
a trading platform cannot generate
market information unless it receives
trade orders. As a result, the
competition for order flow constrains
the prices that platforms can charge for
proprietary data products. Firms make
decisions on how much and what types
of data to consume based on the total
cost of interacting with Nasdaq and
other exchanges. The cost of market data
is one factor in this total platform
analysis. A supracompetitive price for
NLS and Nasdaq Basic has the potential
to impair competition for order flow,
and the need to compete effectively for
order flow will constrain its price.
Competition for Customers
Broker-dealers that purchase NLS and
Nasdaq Basic are in competition for
customers. If the price of these products
were set above competitive levels, the
broker-dealers that purchase these
products would be at a disadvantage
relative to their competitors. As such,
they may lower costs by curtailing their
purchases of Nasdaq products, thereby
providing a constraint on the price of
NLS and Nasdaq Basic.
In summary, market forces constrain
the price of NLS and Nasdaq Basic
through competition for order flow and
in the competition among broker-dealers
for customers. For these reasons, the
Exchange has provided a substantial
basis for demonstrating that the fee is
equitable, fair, reasonable, and not
unreasonably discriminatory, and that it
is therefore consistent with and in
furtherance of the purposes of the
Exchange Act
C. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement on Comments on the
Proposed Rule Change Received From
Members, Participants, or Others
No written comments were either
solicited or received.
E:\FR\FM\29SEN1.SGM
29SEN1
Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 188 / Friday, September 29, 2017 / Notices
III. Date of Effectiveness of the
Proposed Rule Change and Timing for
Commission Action
The foregoing rule change has become
effective pursuant to Section
19(b)(3)(A)(ii) of the Act.14
At any time within 60 days of the
filing of the proposed rule change, the
Commission summarily may
temporarily suspend such rule change if
it appears to the Commission that such
action is: (i) Necessary or appropriate in
the public interest; (ii) for the protection
of investors; or (iii) otherwise in
furtherance of the purposes of the Act.
If the Commission takes such action, the
Commission shall institute proceedings
to determine whether the proposed rule
should be approved or disapproved.
IV. Solicitation of Comments
Interested persons are invited to
submit written data, views, and
arguments concerning the foregoing,
including whether the proposed rule
change is consistent with the Act.
Comments may be submitted by any of
the following methods:
Electronic Comments
• Use the Commission’s Internet
comment form (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml); or
• Send an email to rule-comments@
sec.gov. Please include File Number SR–
NASDAQ–2017–095 on the subject line.
asabaliauskas on DSKBBXCHB2PROD with NOTICES
Paper Comments
• Send paper comments in triplicate
to Brent J. Fields, Secretary, Securities
and Exchange Commission, 100 F Street
NE., Washington, DC 20549–1090.
All submissions should refer to File
Number SR–NASDAQ–2017–095. This
file number should be included on the
subject line if email is used. To help the
Commission process and review your
comments more efficiently, please use
only one method. The Commission will
post all comments on the Commission’s
Internet Web site (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml). Copies of the
submission, all subsequent
amendments, all written statements
with respect to the proposed rule
change that are filed with the
Commission, and all written
communications relating to the
proposed rule change between the
Commission and any person, other than
those that may be withheld from the
public in accordance with the
provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be
available for Web site viewing and
printing in the Commission’s Public
Reference Room, 100 F Street NE.,
14 15
U.S.C. 78s(b)(3)(A)(ii).
VerDate Sep<11>2014
18:50 Sep 28, 2017
Jkt 241001
Washington, DC 20549 on official
business days between the hours of
10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. Copies of the
filing also will be available for
inspection and copying at the principal
office of the Exchange. All comments
received will be posted without change;
the Commission does not edit personal
identifying information from
submissions. You should submit only
information that you wish to make
available publicly. All submissions
should refer to File Number SR–
NASDAQ–2017–095 and should be
submitted on or before October 20,
2017.
For the Commission, by the Division of
Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated
authority.15
Eduardo A. Aleman,
Assistant Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2017–20886 Filed 9–28–17; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
[Release No. 34–81686; File No. SR–
NYSEArca–2017–05]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; NYSE
Arca, Inc.; Order Granting Approval of
a Proposed Rule Change, as Modified
by Amendment Nos. 2 and 3 Thereto,
To List and Trade Shares of Direxion
Daily Crude Oil Bull 3x Shares and
Direxion Daily Crude Oil Bear 3x
Shares Under NYSE Arca Equities Rule
8.200
September 22, 2017.
I. Introduction
On January 23, 2017, NYSE Arca, Inc.
(‘‘Exchange’’) filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission
(‘‘Commission’’), pursuant to Section
19(b)(1) of the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934 (‘‘Act’’ or ‘‘Exchange Act’’) 1 and
Rule 19b–4 thereunder,2 a proposed rule
change to list and trade shares
(‘‘Shares’’) of Direxion Daily Crude Oil
Bull 3x Shares and Direxion Daily
Crude Oil Bear 3x Shares (individually,
‘‘Fund,’’ and, collectively, ‘‘Funds’’)
Under NYSE Arca Equities Rule 8.200.
The proposed rule change was
published for comment in the Federal
Register on February 7, 2017.3 On
March 16, 2017, pursuant to Section
19(b)(2) of the Act,4 the Commission
designated a longer period within which
15 17
CFR 200.30–3(a)(12).
U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
2 17 CFR 240.19b–4.
3 See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 79916
(February 1, 2017), 82 FR 9608.
4 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(2).
1 15
PO 00000
Frm 00069
Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
45643
to approve the proposed rule change,
disapprove the proposed rule change, or
institute proceedings to determine
whether to disapprove the proposed
rule change.5 On May 5, 2017, the
Commission instituted proceedings to
determine whether to approve or
disapprove the proposed rule change.6
On June 23, 2017, the Exchange filed
Amendment No. 1 to the proposed rule
change.7 On July 27, 2017, the
Commission designated a longer period
for Commission action on the proposed
rule change.8 On August 1, 2017, the
Exchange filed Amendment No. 2 to the
proposed rule change.9 On September
19, 2017, the Exchange filed
Amendment No. 3 to the proposed rule
change.10 The Commission has received
5 See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 80265,
82 FR 14778 (March 22, 2017).
6 See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 80606,
82 FR 22042 (May 11, 2017). Specifically, the
Commission instituted proceedings to allow for
additional analysis of the proposed rule change’s
consistency with Section 6(b)(5) of the Act, which
requires, among other things, that the rules of a
national securities exchange be ‘‘designed to
prevent fraudulent and manipulative acts and
practices, to promote just and equitable principles
of trade,’’ and ‘‘to protect investors and the public
interest.’’ See id. at 22043.
7 Amendment No. 1, which amended the replaced
the original filing in its entirety, is available on the
Commission’s Web site at: https://www.sec.gov/
comments/sr-nysearca-2017-05/nysearca2017051822806-154288.pdf.
8 See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 81224,
82 FR 36030 (August 2, 2017).
9 In Amendment No. 2, which amended and
replaced the proposed rule change, as modified by
Amendment No. 1 thereto, in its entirety, the
Exchange: (1) Supplemented its descriptions of the
Funds’ investments in over-the-counter transactions
and Short-Term Investments; (2) supplemented its
description of the calculation of the daily value of
each Fund’s net asset value (‘‘NAV’’); (3) provided
information regarding the calculation and
dissemination of the Indicative Fund Value of the
Funds; (4) added a representation regarding the
dissemination of the Benchmark; (5) clarified the
information that will be made available on the
Funds’ Web site regarding the Funds and their
portfolio holdings; (6) supplemented its description
of the Exchange’s surveillance procedures; (7)
represented that the applicability of Exchange
listing rules specified in the proposed rule change
shall constitute continued listing requirements for
listing the Shares on the Exchange; (8) clarified the
type of information that will be available in the
Information Bulletin regarding the Funds’ portfolio
holdings; and (9) made other technical changes.
Amendment No. 2 is not subject to notice and
comment because it is a technical amendment that
does not materially alter the substance of the
proposed rule change or raise any novel regulatory
issues. Amendment No. 2 to the proposed rule
change is available on the Commission’s Web site
at: https://www.sec.gov/comments/sr-nysearca2017-05/nysearca201705-2161993-157780.pdf.
10 In Amendment No. 3, which partially amended
the proposed rule change, as modified by
Amendment No. 2 thereto, the Exchange made
representations regarding the size and liquidity of
the oil contract market. Amendment No. 3 is not
subject to notice and comment because it does not
materially alter the substance of the proposed rule
change or raise any novel regulatory issues.
E:\FR\FM\29SEN1.SGM
Continued
29SEN1
Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 82, Number 188 (Friday, September 29, 2017)]
[Notices]
[Pages 45639-45643]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2017-20886]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
[Release No. 34-81697; File No. SR-NASDAQ-2017-095]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC;
Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of Proposed Rule Change To
Expand the Features of the Enterprise License Set Forth at Rule 7047
September 25, 2017.
Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
(``Act''), \1\ and Rule 19b-4 thereunder,\2\ notice is hereby given
that on September 12, 2017, The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC (``Nasdaq'' or
``Exchange'') filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
(``SEC'' or ``Commission'') the proposed rule change as described in
Items I, II, and III, below, which Items have been prepared by the
Exchange. The Commission is publishing this notice to solicit comments
on the proposed rule change from interested persons.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
\2\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
[[Page 45640]]
I. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Terms of Substance
of the Proposed Rule Change
The Exchange proposes to amend the Exchange's fees at Rule 7047 to
expand the features of the enterprise license set forth at Rule
7047(b)(5).
The text of the proposed rule change is available on the Exchange's
Web site at https://nasdaq.cchwallstreet.com/, at the principal office
of the Exchange, and at the Commission's Public Reference Room.
II. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change
In its filing with the Commission, the Exchange included statements
concerning the purpose of and basis for the proposed rule change and
discussed any comments it received on the proposed rule change. The
text of these statements may be examined at the places specified in
Item IV below. The Exchange has prepared summaries, set forth in
sections A, B, and C below, of the most significant aspects of such
statements.
A. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change
1. Purpose
The Exchange proposes to amend its fees at Rule 7047 to expand the
features of the enterprise license set forth at Rule 7047(b)(5). The
proposed changes will: (i) Allow distribution of Nasdaq Basic data to
certain Professional Subscribers that are currently excluded from the
license; and (ii) permit the distribution of NLS data along with Nasdaq
Basic data without paying per user, per query, per visitor or per
household fees. This proposal, which also includes technical and
conforming changes, will increase the features of this Nasdaq Basic
enterprise license without changing its fee, thereby lowering the
overall cost of the product.
Current Fee Structure
Nasdaq Basic provides best bid and offer and last sale information
from the Nasdaq Market Center and the FINRA/Nasdaq Trade Reporting
Facility (``FINRA/Nasdaq TRF''). It is a ``non-core'' product that
provides a subset of the ``core'' last-sale data provided by securities
information processors (``SIPs'') under the CTA Plan and the Nasdaq UTP
Plan. Data is taken from three sources, which may be purchased
individually or in combination: (i) Nasdaq Basic for Nasdaq, which
contains the best bid and offer on the Nasdaq Market Center and last
sale trade reports for Nasdaq and the FINRA/Nasdaq TRF for Nasdaq-
listed stocks; (ii) Nasdaq Basic for NYSE, which contains the best bid
and offer on the Nasdaq Market Center and last sale trade reports for
Nasdaq and the FINRA/Nasdaq TRF for NYSE-listed stocks; and (iii)
Nasdaq Basic for NYSE MKT, which contains the best bid and offer on the
Nasdaq Market Center and last sale trade reports for Nasdaq and the
FINRA/Nasdaq TRF for stocks listed on NYSE MKT and other listing venues
whose quotes and trade reports are disseminated on Tape B.
User fees for Nasdaq Basic may be paid through per Subscriber
monthly charges, per query fees, or two types of enterprise licenses:
An internal enterprise license for Professional Subscribers at Rule
7047(b)(4) (for $365,000 per month); and an enterprise license for Non-
Professional and Professional Subscribers with whom the broker-dealer
has a brokerage relationship at Rule 7047(b)(5) (for $100,000 per
month). The Exchange proposes to modify the second of these two
enterprise licenses, at Rule 7047(b)(5), which allows the distribution
of Nasdaq Basic, or Derived Data therefrom, to Professional and Non-
Professional Subscribers who are natural persons and with whom the
broker-dealer has a brokerage relationship. As a current condition of
this license, Professional Users [sic] who receive data may not use
that data within the scope of any professional engagement or
registration. In addition, Nasdaq must approve any electronic system
used to distribute such data, and a separate enterprise license must be
purchased for each such system. Broker-dealers purchasing this license
must also report the number of Subscribers at least once per year.
As noted above, the Exchange proposes to add NLS data as an
additional feature to the Nasdaq Basic enterprise license at Rule
7047(b)(5). NLS provides real-time last sale information, including
price, volume, and time of execution, for transactions on the Nasdaq
Market Center or reported to the FINRA/Nasdaq TRF.\3\ It is, like
Nasdaq Basic, a non-core product that provides a subset of the core
data provided by the SIPs under the CTA Plan and the Nasdaq UTP Plan.
NLS was designed to ``increase[ ] the availability of NASDAQ
proprietary market data to individual investors.'' \4\ The Exchange
does not explicitly offer an enterprise license for NLS, but has set a
cap of $41,500 per month for NLS for Nasdaq and NLS for NYSE/NYSE MKT.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\3\ See NASDAQ Rule 7039(a)-(c); see also Securities Exchange
Act Release No. 71351 (January 17, 2014), 79 FR 4200 (Jan. 24, 2014)
(SR-NASDAQ-2014-006) (notice of filing and immediate effectiveness
regarding permanent approval of NLS).
\4\ See SR-NASDAQ-2006-060 at 3 (Amendment No. 2, June 10, 2008)
(available at https://nasdaq.cchwallstreet.com/NASDAQ/pdf/nasdaq-filings/2006/SR-NASDAQ-2006-060_Amendment_2.pdf); see also
Securities Exchange Act Release No. 57965 (June 16, 2008), 73 FR
35178 (June 20, 2008) (SR-NASDAQ-2006-060) (approving SR-NASDAQ-
2006-060, as amended by Amendment Nos. 1 and 2, to implement NLS on
a pilot basis).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Proposed Changes
As explained above, the proposed changes will expand the features
of the enterprise license set forth at Rule 7047(b)(5) by: (i) Allowing
distribution of Nasdaq Basic data to certain Professional Users [sic]
that are currently excluded from the license; and (ii) permitting the
distribution of NLS data, along with Nasdaq Basic data, without paying
per user, per query, per visitor or per household fees. The proposal
will also include technical and conforming changes as described below.
The enterprise license at Rule 7047(b)(5) currently allows
distribution of data to Professionals in the context of a brokerage
relationship with the broker-dealer, and explicitly prohibits
Professionals who receive data under that license from using it within
the scope of a professional engagement or registration. The Exchange
proposes to loosen that restriction by allowing the broker-dealer to
make Nasdaq Basic data available to up to and including 4,500 internal
Subscribers operating on approved electronic system for use by
Professionals who work for the broker-dealer and use that data to
provide brokerage services to investors. Use of the license for
internal Subscribers will be limited to Professionals providing
brokerage services to investors, but will not be available to any
Professionals involved in proprietary trading, surveillance activities,
or performing any other function solely for the benefit of the broker-
dealer. Internal Subscribers may operate only on an approved electronic
system to ensure that appropriate controls are in place to prevent use
of the data by unauthorized personnel or for impermissible purposes.
Any distribution to over 4,500 internal Subscribers, or any usage by
Professional Users [sic] not in support of brokerage services to
investors on an approved platform, would be subject to the applicable
fees set forth in Rule 7047(b).
The difference between internal distribution of Nasdaq Basic
through the
[[Page 45641]]
newly proposed $100,000 enterprise license at Rule 7047(b)(5), and
internal distribution under the existing $365,000 license under Rule
7047(b)(4), is of magnitude and scope. The new license will be limited
to 4,500 internal Professional Subscribers, whereas the number of
internal Subscribers able to obtain data under the $365,000 enterprise
license is not so limited.\5\ In addition, use of the data by internal
Professional Users [sic] under the proposed license will be limited to
the provision of brokerage services to investors, whereas use of the
data through the $365,000 license under Rule 7047(b)(4) is not limited
to such services. Under the proposed rule, Professional Subscribers who
do not obtain Nasdaq Basic through internal distribution, but rather
through their own brokerage relationship with the broker-dealer, will
still be prohibited from using such data within the scope of any
professional engagement.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\5\ The enterprise license at Rule 7047(b)(4) allows
distribution to 16,000 internal Professional Subscribers for no
additional cost, with an additional charge of $2 for each internal
Professional Subscriber above that level, provided that the broker-
dealer obtains the license through an External Distributor that
controls display of the product, and the broker-dealer obtains a
separate license for each such External Distributor.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
In addition to allowing distribution for up to 4,500 internal
Subscribers, the Exchange also proposes to permit distribution of NLS
data without paying the fees set forth in Rule 7039(b).\6\ The Exchange
does not currently offer an enterprise license for NLS, although there
is a maximum distributor fee for any Distributor using the per user,
per query, per visitor or per household pricing models of $41,500 per
month. There are no additional restrictions on the use of NLS data
under this license, although all other fees and restrictions other than
the fees set forth in Rule 7039(b) will continue to apply.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\6\ The Exchange anticipates filing changes to Rule 7039 that
would eliminate Distributor fees under Rule 7039(c) for any firm
paying such a fee for Nasdaq Basic, effectively eliminating all NLS
fees with the purchase of this enterprise license.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The technical and conforming changes proposed by the Exchange are
to: (i) Require broker-dealers purchasing the enterprise license at
Rule 7047(b)(5) to report the number of Professional Subscribers on a
monthly basis; (ii) clarify that Professional Users [sic] receiving
Nasdaq Basic data through internal Subscribers (not in the context of
their own brokerage relationship with the broker-dealer) are not
prohibited from using the data within the scope of any professional
engagement or registration; and (iii) replace references to ``NASDAQ,''
with all letters capitalized, with ``Nasdaq,'' in which only the first
letter of the company is capitalized. All of these changes are
necessary to support the primary fee changes sought by the Exchange, or
to correct technical errors. The change in reporting is necessary to
monitor the number of internal Subscribers receiving data. The
clarification to the ability of Professionals to utilize Nasdaq Basic
data is necessary to allow Professionals to effectively use the data in
support of providing brokerage services to investors. The change from
NASDAQ to Nasdaq is necessary to replace an older version of the
Exchange's name.
The purpose of the proposed changes is to make the purchase of the
enterprise license at Rule 7047(b)(5) more attractive to broker-dealers
by adding features without increasing fees. The cost of the license
will remain $100,000 per month, but services will be augmented by
allowing internal distribution to up to 4,500 Professionals and
including distribution of NLS to private investors. The proposal will
lower the costs to broker-dealers of distributing Nasdaq Basic and NLS,
thereby encouraging the dissemination of such data to individual
investors.
The enterprise license at Rule 7047(b)(5) is optional in that
Nasdaq is not required to offer it and broker-dealers are not required
to purchase it. Firms can discontinue use at any time and for any
reason, including an assessment of the fees charged.
The proposed change does not change the cost of any other Nasdaq
product.
2. Statutory Basis
The Exchange believes that its proposal is consistent with Section
6(b) of the Act,\7\ in general, and furthers the objectives of Sections
6(b)(4) and 6(b)(5) of the Act,\8\ in particular, in that it provides
for the equitable allocation of reasonable dues, fees and other charges
among members and issuers and other persons using any facility, and is
not designed to permit unfair discrimination between customers,
issuers, brokers, or dealers.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\7\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b).
\8\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(4) and (5).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Commission and the courts have repeatedly expressed their
preference for competition over regulatory intervention in determining
prices, products, and services in the securities markets. In Regulation
NMS, while adopting a series of steps to improve the current market
model, the Commission highlighted the importance of market forces in
determining prices and SRO revenues and, also, recognized that current
regulation of the market system ``has been remarkably successful in
promoting market competition in its broader forms that are most
important to investors and listed companies.'' \9\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\9\ Securities Exchange Act Release No. 51808 (June 9, 2005), 70
FR 37496, 37499 (June 29, 2005) (``Regulation NMS Adopting
Release'').
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Likewise, in NetCoalition v. Securities and Exchange Commission
\10\ (``NetCoalition'') the D.C. Circuit upheld the Commission's use of
a market-based approach in evaluating the fairness of market data fees
against a challenge claiming that Congress mandated a cost-based
approach.\11\ As the court emphasized, the Commission ``intended in
Regulation NMS that `market forces, rather than regulatory
requirements' play a role in determining the market data . . . to be
made available to investors and at what cost.'' \12\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\10\ NetCoalition v. SEC, 615 F.3d 525 (D.C. Cir. 2010).
\11\ Id. at 534-535.
\12\ Id. at 537.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Further, ``[n]o one disputes that competition for order flow is
`fierce.' . . . As the SEC explained, `[i]n the U.S. national market
system, buyers and sellers of securities, and the broker-dealers that
act as their order-routing agents, have a wide range of choices of
where to route orders for execution'; [and] `no exchange can afford to
take its market share percentages for granted' because `no exchange
possesses a monopoly, regulatory or otherwise, in the execution of
order flow from broker dealers'. . . .'' \13\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\13\ Id. at 539 (quoting Securities Exchange Act Release No.
59039 (December 2, 2008), 73 FR 74770, 74782-83 (December 9, 2008)
(SR-NYSEArca-2006-21)).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Exchange believes that the proposal to expand the features of
the enterprise license set forth at Rule 7047(b)(5) without increasing
fees is an equitable allocation of reasonable dues, fees and other
charges in accordance with Section 6(b)(4) of the Act, and not designed
to permit unfair discrimination between customers, issuers, brokers, or
dealers in accordance with Section 6(b)(5) of the Act. As described
above, the proposed changes will: (i) Allow distribution of Nasdaq
Basic data to certain Professional Subscribers that are currently
excluded from the license; and (ii) permit the distribution of NLS data
along with Nasdaq Basic data without paying per user, per query, per
visitor or per household fees. The proposal will provide greater value
to the broker-dealers purchasing the enterprise license, and increase
market transparency by lowering the cost of distributing both NLS and
Basic to
[[Page 45642]]
investors. The proposal is an equitable allocation of reasonable dues,
fees and other charges because the services will be the same for all
broker-dealers that purchase the license. The services are not designed
to permit unfair discrimination because all broker-dealers will be able
to purchase the same license at the same price. As is the case for the
current enterprise licenses, offering the enterprise license only to
broker-dealers is not unfair discrimination because the license is
primarily designed to allow data distribution to investors, and
investors execute trades through broker-dealers. It is reasonable to
limit use of the expanded enterprise license to internal Subscribers
operating on approved platforms to ensure that the data is being used
to support brokerage services for investors, rather than any other
purpose. Moreover, enterprise license fees, like all market data fees,
are constrained by the Exchange's need to compete for order flow, and
are subject to competition from other exchanges and among broker-
dealers for customers. If Nasdaq is incorrect in its assessment of
price, it may lose market share as a result.
B. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement on Burden on Competition
The Exchange does not believe that the proposed rule change will
impose any burden on competition not necessary or appropriate in
furtherance of the purposes of the Act. In terms of inter-market
competition, the Exchange notes that it operates in a highly
competitive market in which market participants can readily favor
competing venues if they deem fee levels at a particular venue to be
excessive, or rebate opportunities available at other venues to be more
favorable. In such an environment, the Exchange must continually adjust
its fees to remain competitive with other exchanges and with
alternative trading systems that have been exempted from compliance
with the statutory standards applicable to exchanges. Because
competitors are free to modify their own fees in response, and because
market participants may readily adjust their order routing practices,
the Exchange believes that the degree to which fee changes in this
market may impose any burden on competition is extremely limited.
The proposed changes will effectively lower the cost to broker-
dealers to distribute NLS and Nasdaq Basic by expanding the features of
the enterprise license set forth at Rule 7047(b)(5) without increasing
fees. This proposal to lower costs is itself evidence of the need to
maintain low prices is [sic] a competitive marketplace. Accordingly,
the Exchange does not believe that the proposed changes will impair the
ability of members or competing order execution venues to maintain
their competitive standing in the financial markets.
Market forces constrain the prices for NLS and Nasdaq Basic in two
respects. First, market data fees are one element of the total cost of
interacting with the Exchange and, if the price of these products were
set above competitive levels, competition for order flow would be
harmed. Second, the competition among broker-dealers for customers will
provide another constraint on the cost of NLS and Nasdaq Basic.
Competition for Order Flow
Market data fees are constrained by competition among exchanges and
other entities seeking to attract order flow. Order flow is the ``life
blood'' of the exchanges. Broker-dealers currently have numerous
alternative venues for their order flow, including self-regulatory
organization (``SRO'') markets, as well as internalizing broker-dealers
and various forms of alternative trading systems (``ATSs''), including
dark pools and electronic communication networks (``ECNs''). Each SRO
market competes to produce transaction reports via trade executions,
and two FINRA-regulated TRFs compete to attract internalized
transaction reports. The existence of fierce competition for order flow
implies a high degree of price sensitivity on the part of broker-
dealers, which may readily reduce costs by directing orders toward the
lowest-cost trading venues.
The level of competition and contestability in the market for order
flow is demonstrated by the numerous examples of entrants that swiftly
grew into some of the largest electronic trading platforms and
proprietary data producers: Archipelago, Bloomberg Tradebook, Island,
RediBook, Attain, TracECN, BATS Trading and BATS/Direct Edge. A
proliferation of dark pools and other ATSs operate profitably with
fragmentary shares of consolidated market volume. For a variety of
reasons, competition from new entrants, especially for order execution,
has increased dramatically over the last decade.
Each SRO, TRF, ATS, and broker-dealer that competes for order flow
is permitted to produce proprietary data products. Many currently do or
have announced plans to do so, including NYSE, NYSE Amex, NYSE Arca,
BATS, and IEX. This is because Regulation NMS deregulated the market
for proprietary data. While broker-dealers had previously published
their proprietary data individually, Regulation NMS encourages market
data vendors and broker-dealers to produce proprietary products
cooperatively in a manner never before possible. Order routers and
market data vendors can facilitate production of proprietary data
products for single or multiple broker-dealers. The potential sources
of proprietary products are virtually limitless.
The markets for order flow and proprietary data are inextricably
linked: a trading platform cannot generate market information unless it
receives trade orders. As a result, the competition for order flow
constrains the prices that platforms can charge for proprietary data
products. Firms make decisions on how much and what types of data to
consume based on the total cost of interacting with Nasdaq and other
exchanges. The cost of market data is one factor in this total platform
analysis. A supracompetitive price for NLS and Nasdaq Basic has the
potential to impair competition for order flow, and the need to compete
effectively for order flow will constrain its price.
Competition for Customers
Broker-dealers that purchase NLS and Nasdaq Basic are in
competition for customers. If the price of these products were set
above competitive levels, the broker-dealers that purchase these
products would be at a disadvantage relative to their competitors. As
such, they may lower costs by curtailing their purchases of Nasdaq
products, thereby providing a constraint on the price of NLS and Nasdaq
Basic.
In summary, market forces constrain the price of NLS and Nasdaq
Basic through competition for order flow and in the competition among
broker-dealers for customers. For these reasons, the Exchange has
provided a substantial basis for demonstrating that the fee is
equitable, fair, reasonable, and not unreasonably discriminatory, and
that it is therefore consistent with and in furtherance of the purposes
of the Exchange Act
C. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement on Comments on the Proposed
Rule Change Received From Members, Participants, or Others
No written comments were either solicited or received.
[[Page 45643]]
III. Date of Effectiveness of the Proposed Rule Change and Timing for
Commission Action
The foregoing rule change has become effective pursuant to Section
19(b)(3)(A)(ii) of the Act.\14\
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\14\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(3)(A)(ii).
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At any time within 60 days of the filing of the proposed rule
change, the Commission summarily may temporarily suspend such rule
change if it appears to the Commission that such action is: (i)
Necessary or appropriate in the public interest; (ii) for the
protection of investors; or (iii) otherwise in furtherance of the
purposes of the Act. If the Commission takes such action, the
Commission shall institute proceedings to determine whether the
proposed rule should be approved or disapproved.
IV. Solicitation of Comments
Interested persons are invited to submit written data, views, and
arguments concerning the foregoing, including whether the proposed rule
change is consistent with the Act. Comments may be submitted by any of
the following methods:
Electronic Comments
Use the Commission's Internet comment form (https://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml); or
Send an email to rule-comments@sec.gov. Please include
File Number SR-NASDAQ-2017-095 on the subject line.
Paper Comments
Send paper comments in triplicate to Brent J. Fields,
Secretary, Securities and Exchange Commission, 100 F Street NE.,
Washington, DC 20549-1090.
All submissions should refer to File Number SR-NASDAQ-2017-095. This
file number should be included on the subject line if email is used. To
help the Commission process and review your comments more efficiently,
please use only one method. The Commission will post all comments on
the Commission's Internet Web site (https://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml). Copies of the submission, all subsequent amendments, all
written statements with respect to the proposed rule change that are
filed with the Commission, and all written communications relating to
the proposed rule change between the Commission and any person, other
than those that may be withheld from the public in accordance with the
provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be available for Web site viewing and
printing in the Commission's Public Reference Room, 100 F Street NE.,
Washington, DC 20549 on official business days between the hours of
10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. Copies of the filing also will be available
for inspection and copying at the principal office of the Exchange. All
comments received will be posted without change; the Commission does
not edit personal identifying information from submissions. You should
submit only information that you wish to make available publicly. All
submissions should refer to File Number SR-NASDAQ-2017-095 and should
be submitted on or before October 20, 2017.
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\15\ 17 CFR 200.30-3(a)(12).
For the Commission, by the Division of Trading and Markets,
pursuant to delegated authority.\15\
Eduardo A. Aleman,
Assistant Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2017-20886 Filed 9-28-17; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011-01-P