Self-Regulatory Organizations; Nasdaq GEMX, LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of Proposed Rule Change To Amend Its Schedule of Fees To Offer Monthly Subscriptions for Open and Close Trade Profile Information, 44235-44238 [2017-20088]
Download as PDF
Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 182 / Thursday, September 21, 2017 / Notices
submit additional comments at this
time, they need not re-submit earlier
comments. In addition, the Commission
seeks comment on the following:
1. The Proposed Rule Change would
require each Netting Member to attest
that its Individual Total Amount has
been incorporated into its liquidity
plans (‘‘Attestation Requirement’’).11
The Commission requests comment on
the means by which the various types of
Netting Members anticipate complying
with the Proposed Rule Change,
including the Attestation Requirement,
and the expected cost (monetary or
otherwise) of such compliance. To the
extent possible, please provide specific
data, analyses, or studies for support.
2. The Proposed Rule Change would
require FICC to provide each Netting
Member with a daily ‘‘liquidity funding
report’’ to help the Netting Member
monitor and manage the liquidity risk it
presents to FICC. The Commission
requests comment on the value of such
daily reporting to Netting Members and
the extent to which and, if so, how
Netting Members anticipate adjusting
their trading behavior or otherwise
managing the liquidity risk they present
to FICC, whether in reliance on the
daily liquidity funding report or
otherwise. Please explain and, to the
extent possible, provide specific data,
analyses, or studies on potential
changes to trading behavior or other
adjustments to manage liquidity
obligations to FICC for support.
a. If such adjustments would include
changes in market participation,
participation in certain market
segments, or the quantity or price of
services offered to clients, please
provide information of such changes, in
addition to any supporting data,
analyses, or studies.
b. If such adjustments would include
deciding to clear repo transactions
bilaterally, instead of centrally through
FICC, please provide the rationale and
factors considered in making that
decision, in addition to any supporting
data, analyses, or studies.
Comments may be submitted by any
of the following methods:
asabaliauskas on DSKBBXCHB2PROD with NOTICES
Electronic Comments
• Use the Commission’s Internet
comment form (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml); or
• Send an email to rule-comments@
sec.gov. Please include File Number SR–
FICC–2017–002 on the subject line.
11 See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 80234
(March 14, 2017), 82 FR 14401 (March 20, 2017)
(SR–FICC–2017–002).
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Paper Comments
• Send paper comments in triplicate
to Secretary, Securities and Exchange
Commission, 100 F Street NE.,
Washington, DC 20549–1090.
All submissions should refer to File
Number SR–FICC–2017–002. This file
number should be included on the
subject line if email is used. To help the
Commission process and review your
comments more efficiently, please use
only one method. The Commission will
post all comments on the Commission’s
Internet Web site (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml). Copies of the
submission, all subsequent
amendments, all written statements
with respect to the Proposed Rule
Change that are filed with the
Commission, and all written
communications relating to the
Proposed Rule Change between the
Commission and any person, other than
those that may be withheld from the
public in accordance with the
provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be
available for Web site viewing and
printing in the Commission’s Public
Reference Room, 100 F Street NE.,
Washington, DC 20549, on official
business days between the hours of
10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. Copies of such
filings also will be available for
inspection and copying at the principal
office of FICC and on DTCC’s Web site
(https://dtcc.com/legal/sec-rulefilings.aspx). All comments received
will be posted without change; the
Commission does not edit personal
identifying information from
submissions. You should submit only
information that you wish to make
available publicly. All submissions
should refer to File Number SR–FICC–
2017–002 and should be submitted on
or before October 6, 2017. Any person
who wishes to file a rebuttal to any
other person’s submission must file that
rebuttal on or before October 12, 2017.
For the Commission, by the Division of
Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated
authority.12
Eduardo Aleman,
Assistant Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2017–20090 Filed 9–20–17; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
44235
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
[Release No. 34–81632; File No. SR–GEMX–
2017–42]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; Nasdaq
GEMX, LLC; Notice of Filing and
Immediate Effectiveness of Proposed
Rule Change To Amend Its Schedule of
Fees To Offer Monthly Subscriptions
for Open and Close Trade Profile
Information
September 15, 2017.
Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
(‘‘Act’’),1 and Rule 19b–4 thereunder,2
notice is hereby given that on
September 1, 2017, Nasdaq GEMX, LLC
(‘‘GEMX’’ or ‘‘Exchange’’) filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission
(‘‘SEC’’ or ‘‘Commission’’) the proposed
rule change as described in Items I and
II, below, which Items have been
prepared by the Exchange. The
Commission is publishing this notice to
solicit comments on the proposed rule
change from interested persons.
I. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Terms of Substance of
the Proposed Rule Change
The Exchange proposes to amend its
Schedule of Fees to offer monthly
subscriptions for Open and Close Trade
Profile Information.
The text of the proposed rule change
is available on the Exchange’s Web site
at www.ise.com, at the principal office
of the Exchange, and at the
Commission’s Public Reference Room.
II. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
Change
In its filing with the Commission, the
Exchange included statements
concerning the purpose of and basis for
the proposed rule change and discussed
any comments it received on the
proposed rule change. The text of these
statements may be examined at the
places specified in Item IV below. The
Exchange has prepared summaries, set
forth in sections A, B, and C below, of
the most significant aspects of such
statements.
A. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
Change
1. Purpose
The Exchange proposes to amend its
Schedule of Fees to offer monthly
1 15
12 17
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CFR 200.30–3(a)(57).
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2 17
E:\FR\FM\21SEN1.SGM
U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
CFR 240.19b–4.
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asabaliauskas on DSKBBXCHB2PROD with NOTICES
subscriptions for Open and Close Trade
Profile Information; subscriptions will
be available for both end-of-day and
intraday updates.3
The Open/Close Trade Profile
provides over 80 fields of trading and
volume data for GEMX-listed options
that can be used to create and test
trading models and analytical strategies.
Trade Profile data includes: ‘‘Origin
Code’’ (the type of trader participating
in the transaction); 4 opening and
closing buys and sells; 5 trading volume
and number of trades categorized by day
and series; 6 the degree to which a series
is ‘‘in’’ or ‘‘out’’ of the ‘‘money’’ ; 7 the
number of days to expiration; an
indication of the degree to which there
is ‘‘Open Interest’’ 8 for each series; and
a comparison of the volume of trading
3 The Exchange initially filed this proposal as a
fee filing on August 25, 2017 (SR–GEMX–2017–41).
The proposal was rejected on August 31, 2017, and
is being resubmitted as a proposal that (i) does not
significantly affect the protection of investors or the
public interest, and (ii) does not impose any
significant burden on competition under Exchange
Act Rule 19b–4(f)(6)(iii).
4 ‘‘Origin Code’’ categories include Customer,
Professional Customer, Firm and Market Maker.
‘‘Customer’’ applies to any transaction identified by
a member or a member organization for clearing in
the Customer range at the Options Clearing
Corporation which is not for the account of a broker
or dealer or a Professional. A ‘‘Professional
Customer’’ is a high-activity customer that enters
into more than 390 orders per day over the course
of a one-month period. A ‘‘Firm’’ is a broker-dealer
trading in its own proprietary account or on behalf
of another broker-dealer. A ‘‘Market Maker’’ is a
broker-dealer that assumes the risk of holding a
position in a series to facilitate trading.
5 An opening buy is a transaction that creates or
increases a long position and an opening sell is a
transaction that creates or increases a short
position. A closing buy is a transaction made to
close out an existing position. A closing sell is a
transaction to reduce or eliminate a long position.
6 Trading volume is the number of contracts
traded; the number of trades is the number of
transactions.
7 The degree to which a series is ‘‘in’’ or ‘‘out’’
of the ‘‘money’’ is identified according to the
following five levels of ‘‘moneyness’’: (i) ‘‘Deep in
the Money’’ means that the strike price of this
option is more than 12% lower than the price of
the underlying security if it is a call or more than
12% higher if it is a put; (ii) ‘‘In the Money’’ means
that the strike price of this option is within the
range of 5%–12% lower than the price of the
underlying security if it is a call or within the range
of 5%–12% higher if it is a put; (iii) ‘‘At the
Money’’ means that the strike price of this option
is within the range of 5% higher or lower than the
price of the underlying security; (iv) ‘‘Out of the
Money’’ means that the strike price of this option
is within the range of 5%–12% higher than the
price of the underlying security if it is a call or 5%–
12% lower if it is a put; and (v) ‘‘Deep out of the
Money’’ means that the strike price of this option
is more than 12% higher than the price of the
underlying security if it is a call or more than 12%
lower if it is a put.
8 ‘‘Open Interest’’ is the total number of
outstanding contracts for each series across all
options exchanges for the trade date of the file.
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at GEMX relative to the industry as a
whole.
The GEMX Open/Close Trade Profile
is currently available as an historical
database available upon request, and the
Exchange proposes to offer intraday and
end-of-day subscriptions to Trade
Profile information as well. Such
subscriptions will be available to both
members and non-members, similar to
the ISE Open/Close Trade Profile.9 The
end-of-day file is updated overnight and
available for download the following
morning. The intraday file is updated at
10 minute intervals to provide a
cumulative record of transactions that
take place over the course of the trading
day. The end-of-day subscription will be
available for $500 per month; the
intraday subscription will be available
for $1,000 per month.
The proposed rule change will
increase transparency in the market by
increasing the amount of information
available to market participants to assist
them in making investment decisions
related to GEMX-listed options.
The proposed fees are optional in that
they apply only to firms that elect to
purchase these products. The changes
do not impact the cost of any other
GEMX product.
2. Statutory Basis
The Exchange believes that its
proposal is consistent with Section 6(b)
of the Act,10 in general, and furthers the
objectives of Section 6(b)(5) of the Act,11
in particular, in that it is designed to
promote just and equitable principles of
trade, to remove impediments to and
perfect the mechanism of a free and
open market and a national market
system, and, in general to protect
investors and the public interest. The
proposal is to make open and close
trade profile information, currently
available only on an historical basis,
available at 10 minute intervals over the
course of the trading day and in
summary form at the end of the trading
day, thereby increasing the flow of
information and removing impediments
to a free and open market.
The Commission and the courts have
repeatedly expressed their preference
for competition over regulatory
intervention in determining prices,
products, and services in the securities
markets. In Regulation NMS, while
9 Nasdaq ISE Rulebook, Fee Schedule, Chapter
VIII (Market Data), A (offering an annual
subscription to Nasdaq ISE Open/Close Trade
Profile End of Day for $759 per month) and B
(offering a monthly subscription to the Nasdaq ISE
Open/Close Trade Profile Intraday for $2,000 per
month).
10 15 U.S.C. 78f(b).
11 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).
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adopting a series of steps to improve the
current market model, the Commission
highlighted the importance of market
forces in determining prices and SRO
revenues and, also, recognized that
current regulation of the market system
‘‘has been remarkably successful in
promoting market competition in its
broader forms that are most important to
investors and listed companies.’’ 12
Likewise, in NetCoalition v. Securities
and Exchange Commission 13
(‘‘NetCoalition’’) the D.C. Circuit upheld
the Commission’s use of a market-based
approach in evaluating the fairness of
market data fees against a challenge
claiming that Congress mandated a costbased approach.14 As the court
emphasized, the Commission ‘‘intended
in Regulation NMS that ‘market forces,
rather than regulatory requirements’
play a role in determining the market
data . . . to be made available to
investors and at what cost.’’ 15
Further, ‘‘[n]o one disputes that
competition for order flow is ‘fierce.’
. . . As the SEC explained, ‘[i]n the U.S.
national market system, buyers and
sellers of securities, and the brokerdealers that act as their order-routing
agents, have a wide range of choices of
where to route orders for execution’;
[and] ‘no exchange can afford to take its
market share percentages for granted’
because ‘no exchange possesses a
monopoly, regulatory or otherwise, in
the execution of order flow from broker
dealers’ . . .’’ 16 Although the court and
the SEC were discussing the cash
equities markets, the Exchange believes
that these views apply with equal force
to the options markets.
The Exchange believes that adding the
proposed subscriptions to the
Exchange’s Open/Close Trade Profile is
reasonable and equitable in accordance
with Section 6(b)(4) of the Act, and not
unreasonably discriminatory in
accordance with Section 6(b)(5) of the
Act. The proposed changes will increase
transparency by providing information
about options activity throughout and at
the end of the trading day. The
proposed fees, like all proprietary data
fees, are constrained by the Exchange’s
need to compete for order flow, and are
subject to competition from other
options exchanges. As explained in
12 Securities Exchange Act Release No. 51808
(June 9, 2005), 70 FR 37496, 37499 (June 29, 2005)
(‘‘Regulation NMS Adopting Release’’).
13 NetCoalition v. SEC, 615 F.3d 525 (D.C. Cir.
2010).
14 See NetCoalition, at 534—535.
15 Id. at 537.
16 Id. at 539 (quoting Securities Exchange Act
Release No. 59039 (December 2, 2008), 73 FR
74770, 74782–83 (December 9, 2008) (SR–
NYSEArca–2006–21)).
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Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 182 / Thursday, September 21, 2017 / Notices
further detail below, the proposal will
impose no burden on competition
because GEMX transaction information
is disseminated by the Options Price
Reporting Authority, LLC (‘‘OPRA’’),
and customers would not pay a
premium for GEMX information when
similar transaction information is
available at a lower cost from OPRA,
and because the price of GEMX
proprietary data is constrained by the
need for GEMX to compete for order
flow. The Exchange further notes that
GEMX Open/Close Trade Profile
information is an optional service that
only applies to firms that elect to
purchase the product. Moreover, the
proposed service is similar to services
already provided by other exchanges,
such as the ISE Open/Close Trade
Profile.17
The proposed changes are an
equitable allocation of reasonable dues,
fees, and other charges because fees will
be the same for all of the purchasers of
each product and it is equitable to
charge more for the intraday product—
which provides updates at 10 minute
intervals over the course of the trading
day—than the end-of-day product,
which provides updates once per day.
asabaliauskas on DSKBBXCHB2PROD with NOTICES
B. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement on Burden on Competition
The Exchange does not believe that
the proposed rule change will impose
any burden on competition not
necessary or appropriate in furtherance
of the purposes of the Act. The
proposed changes will allow the
Exchange to offer intraday and end-ofday subscriptions to options trading
data. If the price of the proposed
subscriptions were to be set above a
competitive price, the Exchange may
lose revenue as a result.
GEMX market data fees are
constrained by competition among
exchanges and other entities seeking to
attract order flow, and the existence of
substitutes that are offered, or may be
offered, by other entities. Order flow is
the ‘‘life blood’’ of the exchanges. For a
variety of reasons, competition from
new entrants, especially for order
execution, has increased dramatically
over the last decade, as demonstrated by
the proliferation of new options
exchanges such as EDGX Exchange and
MIAX Options within the last four
years. Each options exchange is
17 Nasdaq ISE Rulebook, Fee Schedule, Chapter
VIII (Market Data), A (offering an annual
subscription to Nasdaq ISE Open/Close Trade
Profile End of Day for $759 per month) and B
(offering a monthly subscription to the Nasdaq ISE
Open/Close Trade Profile Intraday for $2,000 per
month).
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17:52 Sep 20, 2017
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permitted to produce proprietary data
products.
The markets for order flow and
proprietary data are inextricably linked:
A trading platform cannot generate
market information unless it receives
trade orders. As a result, the
competition for order flow constrains
the prices that platforms can charge for
proprietary data products. Firms make
decisions on how much and what types
of data to consume based on the total
cost of interacting with GEMX and other
exchanges. Data fees are but one factor
in a total platform analysis. If the cost
of the product exceeds its expected
value, the prospective customer will
choose not to buy it. A supracompetitive
increase in the fees charged for either
transactions or proprietary data has the
potential to impair revenues from both
products.
The price of options data is also
constrained by the existence of multiple
substitutes offered by a number of
entities, and non-proprietary data
disseminated by OPRA. OPRA is a
securities information processor that
disseminates last sale reports and
quotations, as well as the number of
options contracts traded, open interest
and end-of-day summaries. Many
customers that obtain information from
OPRA do not also purchase proprietary
data, but in cases in which customers
buy both products, they may shift
purchasing decisions based on price
changes. OPRA constrains the price of
proprietary data products on options
exchanges because no customer would
pay an excessive price for these
products when they already have data
from OPRA. Similarly, no customer
would pay an excessive price for
Exchange data when they have the
ability to obtain similar proprietary data
from other exchanges. It is not necessary
that products be identical in order to be
reasonable substitutes for each other.
As such, the price of the GEMX Open/
Close Trade Profile product is
constrained by other exchanges in the
competition for order flow and the
availability of similar data from OPRA.
Customers choose exchanges based on
the total cost of interacting with the
exchange; if the GEMX Open/Close
Trade Profile were set above market
price, the total cost of interacting with
GEMX would be above market price,
and GEMX would lose market share as
a result. In addition, the availability of
trading information from OPRA will
constrain the price of the GEMX Open/
Close Trade Profile because customers
would not pay an excessive amount for
proprietary data when similar
information is available at a lower price;
two products need not be identical for
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44237
each product to act as a constraint on
the price of the other. For these reasons,
the Exchange does not believe that the
proposed changes will impair the ability
of members or competing order
execution venues to maintain their
competitive standing in the financial
markets.
C. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement on Comments on the
Proposed Rule Change Received From
Members, Participants, or Others
No written comments were either
solicited or received.
III. Date of Effectiveness of the
Proposed Rule Change and Timing for
Commission Action
Because the foregoing proposed rule
change does not: (i) Significantly affect
the protection of investors or the public
interest; (ii) impose any significant
burden on competition; and (iii) become
operative for 30 days from the date on
which it was filed, or such shorter time
as the Commission may designate, it has
become effective pursuant to Section
19(b)(3)(A)(iii) of the Act 18 and
subparagraph (f)(6) of Rule 19b–4
thereunder.19
A proposed rule change filed under
Rule 19b–4(f)(6) 20 normally does not
become operative prior to 30 days after
the date of the filing. However, pursuant
to Rule 19b–4(f)(6)(iii),21 the
Commission may designate a shorter
time if such action is consistent with the
protection of investors and the public
interest. The Exchange requests that the
Commission waive the 30-day operative
delay. The Exchange notes that a
product similar to the proposed product
is already being sold by another
exchange. The Exchange also asserts
that the addition of the proposed
product can increase competition, and
will not harm firms that do not purchase
the product as the service is optional.
The Commission believes that waiving
the 30-day operative delay is consistent
with the protection of investors and the
public interest. Accordingly, the
Commission hereby waives the 30-day
operative delay and designates the
18 15
U.S.C. 78s(b)(3)(A)(iii).
CFR 240.19b–4(f)(6). In addition, Rule 19b–
4(f)(6) requires a self-regulatory organization to give
the Commission written notice of its intent to file
the proposed rule change at least five business days
prior to the date of filing of the proposed rule
change, or such shorter time as designated by the
Commission. The Exchange has satisfied this
requirement.
20 17 CFR 240.19b–4(f)(6).
21 17 CFR 240.19b–4(f)(6)(iii).
19 17
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Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 182 / Thursday, September 21, 2017 / Notices
proposed rule change operative upon
filing.22
At any time within 60 days of the
filing of the proposed rule change, the
Commission summarily may
temporarily suspend such rule change if
it appears to the Commission that such
action is: (i) Necessary or appropriate in
the public interest; (ii) for the protection
of investors; or (iii) otherwise in
furtherance of the purposes of the Act.
If the Commission takes such action, the
Commission shall institute proceedings
to determine whether the proposed rule
should be approved or disapproved.
IV. Solicitation of Comments
Interested persons are invited to
submit written data, views, and
arguments concerning the foregoing,
including whether the proposed rule
change is consistent with the Act.
Comments may be submitted by any of
the following methods:
Electronic Comments
• Use the Commission’s Internet
comment form (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml); or
• Send an email to rule-comments@
sec.gov. Please include File Number SR–
GEMX–2017–42 on the subject line.
asabaliauskas on DSKBBXCHB2PROD with NOTICES
Paper Comments
• Send paper comments in triplicate
to Secretary, Securities and Exchange
Commission, 100 F Street NE.,
Washington, DC 20549–1090.
All submissions should refer to File
Number SR–GEMX–2017–42. This file
number should be included on the
subject line if email is used. To help the
Commission process and review your
comments more efficiently, please use
only one method. The Commission will
post all comments on the Commission’s
Internet Web site (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml). Copies of the
submission, all subsequent
amendments, all written statements
with respect to the proposed rule
change that are filed with the
Commission, and all written
communications relating to the
proposed rule change between the
Commission and any person, other than
those that may be withheld from the
public in accordance with the
provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be
available for Web site viewing and
printing in the Commission’s Public
Reference Room, 100 F Street NE.,
Washington, DC 20549, on official
business days between the hours of
22 For purposes only of waiving the 30-day
operative delay, the Commission has considered the
proposed rule’s impact on efficiency, competition,
and capital formation. See 15 U.S.C. 78c(f).
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17:52 Sep 20, 2017
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10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. Copies of the
filing also will be available for
inspection and copying at the principal
office of the Exchange. All comments
received will be posted without change;
the Commission does not edit personal
identifying information from
submissions. You should submit only
information that you wish to make
available publicly. All submissions
should refer to File Number SR–GEMX–
2017–42 and should be submitted on or
before October 12, 2017.
For the Commission, by the Division of
Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated
authority.23
Eduardo A. Aleman,
Assistant Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2017–20088 Filed 9–20–17; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
[File No. SR–OCC–2015–02; Release No.
81628]
Before the Securities and Exchange
Commission; Securities Exchange Act
of 1934; In the Matter of the Options
Clearing Corporation; Corrected Order
Denying Motion for Stay
September 14, 2017.
On February 11, 2016, the
Commission issued an order (‘‘Approval
Order’’) approving the Options Clearing
Corporation’s (‘‘OCC’’) plan for raising
additional capital (‘‘Capital Plan’’ or
‘‘Plan’’) to support its function as a
systemically important financial market
utility.1 BOX Options Exchange LLC,
KCG Holdings, Inc. (‘‘KCG’’), Miami
International Securities Exchange, LLC,
and Susquehanna International Group,
LLP (collectively ‘‘petitioners’’) 2 filed a
petition for review of the Approval
Order in the U.S. Court of Appeals for
the District of Columbia Circuit (‘‘D.C.
Circuit’’), challenging the Commission’s
Approval Order as inconsistent with the
Exchange Act and lacking in the
reasoned decisionmaking required by
the Administrative Procedure Act.
After filing their petition for review,
petitioners filed a motion for a stay in
the D.C. Circuit asking the court to stay
the Commission’s Approval Order
pending the court’s review. The D.C.
Circuit denied petitioners’ request for a
stay.3
23 17
CFR 200.30–3(a)(12).
Act Release No. 77112 (Feb. 11, 2016),
File No. SR–OCC–2015–02.
2 BATS Global Markets, Inc. (‘‘BATS’’) was
initially a petitioner, but later withdrew.
3 The petitioners had also opposed OCC’s motion
to lift the automatic stay in place pending the
1 Exchange
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In ruling on the petition for review,
the D.C. Circuit concluded that the
Approval Order did not ‘‘represent the
kind of reasoned decisionmaking
required by either the Exchange Act or
the Administrative Procedure Act,’’ and
therefore remanded the case to the
Commission for further proceedings.4 In
so ruling, the court did not reach any of
petitioners’ arguments that the Plan was
inconsistent with the substantive
requirements of the Exchange Act,
finding instead that the Commission’s
failure to make the required findings
under the Act required a remand.5
The court also considered whether to
vacate the Approval Order prior to
remand, and decided not to vacate. As
the court explained, ‘‘the SEC may be
able to approve the Plan once again,
after conducting a proper analysis on
remand.’’ 6 Because both parties had
assured the court that it would be
possible to unwind the Capital Plan at
a later time, and ‘‘no party contends that
the task would be materially more
difficult if done then rather than now,’’
the court declined to vacate the Capital
Plan and instead remanded the case ‘‘to
give the SEC an opportunity to properly
evaluate the Plan.’’ 7 The D.C. Circuit’s
mandate, which issued on August 18,
2017, returned the matter to the
Commission for further proceedings.8
Petitioners 9 now seek a partial stay of
the Capital Plan—specifically, a stay of
the dividend payments to be made to
the shareholder exchanges under the
Plan—while the Commission considers
the Plan as directed by the D.C. Circuit.
OCC opposes the motion.
In determining whether to grant a stay
motion, the Commission typically
considers whether (i) there is a strong
likelihood that the moving party will
succeed on the merits of its appeal; (ii)
the moving party will suffer irreparable
harm without a stay; (iii) any person
will suffer substantial harm as a result
of a stay; and (iv) a stay is likely to serve
Commission’s review of the Capital Plan. The
Commission found, however, that it was ‘‘in the
public interest to the lift the stay during the
pendency of the Commission’s review.’’ Exchange
Act Release No. 75886 at 2 (Sept. 10, 2015), File No.
SR–OCC–2015–02. The Commission noted that it
‘‘believes that the concerns raised by Petitioners
regarding potential monetary and competitive harm
do not currently justify maintaining the stay during
the pendency of the Commission’s review.’’ Id.
4 Susquehanna Int’l Grp., LLP v. SEC, 866 F.3d
442, 443 (D.C. Cir. 2017).
5 Id. at 446.
6 Id. at 451.
7 Id.
8 By separate order of today’s date, we are issuing
a scheduling order governing the proceedings on
remand.
9 Petitioner KCG has not joined the instant
motion.
E:\FR\FM\21SEN1.SGM
21SEN1
Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 82, Number 182 (Thursday, September 21, 2017)]
[Notices]
[Pages 44235-44238]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2017-20088]
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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
[Release No. 34-81632; File No. SR-GEMX-2017-42]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; Nasdaq GEMX, LLC; Notice of Filing
and Immediate Effectiveness of Proposed Rule Change To Amend Its
Schedule of Fees To Offer Monthly Subscriptions for Open and Close
Trade Profile Information
September 15, 2017.
Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
(``Act''),\1\ and Rule 19b-4 thereunder,\2\ notice is hereby given that
on September 1, 2017, Nasdaq GEMX, LLC (``GEMX'' or ``Exchange'') filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission (``SEC'' or ``Commission'')
the proposed rule change as described in Items I and II, below, which
Items have been prepared by the Exchange. The Commission is publishing
this notice to solicit comments on the proposed rule change from
interested persons.
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\1\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
\2\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4.
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I. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Terms of Substance
of the Proposed Rule Change
The Exchange proposes to amend its Schedule of Fees to offer
monthly subscriptions for Open and Close Trade Profile Information.
The text of the proposed rule change is available on the Exchange's
Web site at www.ise.com, at the principal office of the Exchange, and
at the Commission's Public Reference Room.
II. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change
In its filing with the Commission, the Exchange included statements
concerning the purpose of and basis for the proposed rule change and
discussed any comments it received on the proposed rule change. The
text of these statements may be examined at the places specified in
Item IV below. The Exchange has prepared summaries, set forth in
sections A, B, and C below, of the most significant aspects of such
statements.
A. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change
1. Purpose
The Exchange proposes to amend its Schedule of Fees to offer
monthly
[[Page 44236]]
subscriptions for Open and Close Trade Profile Information;
subscriptions will be available for both end-of-day and intraday
updates.\3\
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\3\ The Exchange initially filed this proposal as a fee filing
on August 25, 2017 (SR-GEMX-2017-41). The proposal was rejected on
August 31, 2017, and is being resubmitted as a proposal that (i)
does not significantly affect the protection of investors or the
public interest, and (ii) does not impose any significant burden on
competition under Exchange Act Rule 19b-4(f)(6)(iii).
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The Open/Close Trade Profile provides over 80 fields of trading and
volume data for GEMX-listed options that can be used to create and test
trading models and analytical strategies. Trade Profile data includes:
``Origin Code'' (the type of trader participating in the transaction);
\4\ opening and closing buys and sells; \5\ trading volume and number
of trades categorized by day and series; \6\ the degree to which a
series is ``in'' or ``out'' of the ``money'' ; \7\ the number of days
to expiration; an indication of the degree to which there is ``Open
Interest'' \8\ for each series; and a comparison of the volume of
trading at GEMX relative to the industry as a whole.
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\4\ ``Origin Code'' categories include Customer, Professional
Customer, Firm and Market Maker. ``Customer'' applies to any
transaction identified by a member or a member organization for
clearing in the Customer range at the Options Clearing Corporation
which is not for the account of a broker or dealer or a
Professional. A ``Professional Customer'' is a high-activity
customer that enters into more than 390 orders per day over the
course of a one-month period. A ``Firm'' is a broker-dealer trading
in its own proprietary account or on behalf of another broker-
dealer. A ``Market Maker'' is a broker-dealer that assumes the risk
of holding a position in a series to facilitate trading.
\5\ An opening buy is a transaction that creates or increases a
long position and an opening sell is a transaction that creates or
increases a short position. A closing buy is a transaction made to
close out an existing position. A closing sell is a transaction to
reduce or eliminate a long position.
\6\ Trading volume is the number of contracts traded; the number
of trades is the number of transactions.
\7\ The degree to which a series is ``in'' or ``out'' of the
``money'' is identified according to the following five levels of
``moneyness'': (i) ``Deep in the Money'' means that the strike price
of this option is more than 12% lower than the price of the
underlying security if it is a call or more than 12% higher if it is
a put; (ii) ``In the Money'' means that the strike price of this
option is within the range of 5%-12% lower than the price of the
underlying security if it is a call or within the range of 5%-12%
higher if it is a put; (iii) ``At the Money'' means that the strike
price of this option is within the range of 5% higher or lower than
the price of the underlying security; (iv) ``Out of the Money''
means that the strike price of this option is within the range of
5%-12% higher than the price of the underlying security if it is a
call or 5%-12% lower if it is a put; and (v) ``Deep out of the
Money'' means that the strike price of this option is more than 12%
higher than the price of the underlying security if it is a call or
more than 12% lower if it is a put.
\8\ ``Open Interest'' is the total number of outstanding
contracts for each series across all options exchanges for the trade
date of the file.
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The GEMX Open/Close Trade Profile is currently available as an
historical database available upon request, and the Exchange proposes
to offer intraday and end-of-day subscriptions to Trade Profile
information as well. Such subscriptions will be available to both
members and non-members, similar to the ISE Open/Close Trade
Profile.\9\ The end-of-day file is updated overnight and available for
download the following morning. The intraday file is updated at 10
minute intervals to provide a cumulative record of transactions that
take place over the course of the trading day. The end-of-day
subscription will be available for $500 per month; the intraday
subscription will be available for $1,000 per month.
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\9\ Nasdaq ISE Rulebook, Fee Schedule, Chapter VIII (Market
Data), A (offering an annual subscription to Nasdaq ISE Open/Close
Trade Profile End of Day for $759 per month) and B (offering a
monthly subscription to the Nasdaq ISE Open/Close Trade Profile
Intraday for $2,000 per month).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The proposed rule change will increase transparency in the market
by increasing the amount of information available to market
participants to assist them in making investment decisions related to
GEMX-listed options.
The proposed fees are optional in that they apply only to firms
that elect to purchase these products. The changes do not impact the
cost of any other GEMX product.
2. Statutory Basis
The Exchange believes that its proposal is consistent with Section
6(b) of the Act,\10\ in general, and furthers the objectives of Section
6(b)(5) of the Act,\11\ in particular, in that it is designed to
promote just and equitable principles of trade, to remove impediments
to and perfect the mechanism of a free and open market and a national
market system, and, in general to protect investors and the public
interest. The proposal is to make open and close trade profile
information, currently available only on an historical basis, available
at 10 minute intervals over the course of the trading day and in
summary form at the end of the trading day, thereby increasing the flow
of information and removing impediments to a free and open market.
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\10\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b).
\11\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).
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The Commission and the courts have repeatedly expressed their
preference for competition over regulatory intervention in determining
prices, products, and services in the securities markets. In Regulation
NMS, while adopting a series of steps to improve the current market
model, the Commission highlighted the importance of market forces in
determining prices and SRO revenues and, also, recognized that current
regulation of the market system ``has been remarkably successful in
promoting market competition in its broader forms that are most
important to investors and listed companies.'' \12\
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\12\ Securities Exchange Act Release No. 51808 (June 9, 2005),
70 FR 37496, 37499 (June 29, 2005) (``Regulation NMS Adopting
Release'').
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Likewise, in NetCoalition v. Securities and Exchange Commission
\13\ (``NetCoalition'') the D.C. Circuit upheld the Commission's use of
a market-based approach in evaluating the fairness of market data fees
against a challenge claiming that Congress mandated a cost-based
approach.\14\ As the court emphasized, the Commission ``intended in
Regulation NMS that `market forces, rather than regulatory
requirements' play a role in determining the market data . . . to be
made available to investors and at what cost.'' \15\
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\13\ NetCoalition v. SEC, 615 F.3d 525 (D.C. Cir. 2010).
\14\ See NetCoalition, at 534--535.
\15\ Id. at 537.
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Further, ``[n]o one disputes that competition for order flow is
`fierce.' . . . As the SEC explained, `[i]n the U.S. national market
system, buyers and sellers of securities, and the broker-dealers that
act as their order-routing agents, have a wide range of choices of
where to route orders for execution'; [and] `no exchange can afford to
take its market share percentages for granted' because `no exchange
possesses a monopoly, regulatory or otherwise, in the execution of
order flow from broker dealers' . . .'' \16\ Although the court and the
SEC were discussing the cash equities markets, the Exchange believes
that these views apply with equal force to the options markets.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\16\ Id. at 539 (quoting Securities Exchange Act Release No.
59039 (December 2, 2008), 73 FR 74770, 74782-83 (December 9, 2008)
(SR-NYSEArca-2006-21)).
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The Exchange believes that adding the proposed subscriptions to the
Exchange's Open/Close Trade Profile is reasonable and equitable in
accordance with Section 6(b)(4) of the Act, and not unreasonably
discriminatory in accordance with Section 6(b)(5) of the Act. The
proposed changes will increase transparency by providing information
about options activity throughout and at the end of the trading day.
The proposed fees, like all proprietary data fees, are constrained by
the Exchange's need to compete for order flow, and are subject to
competition from other options exchanges. As explained in
[[Page 44237]]
further detail below, the proposal will impose no burden on competition
because GEMX transaction information is disseminated by the Options
Price Reporting Authority, LLC (``OPRA''), and customers would not pay
a premium for GEMX information when similar transaction information is
available at a lower cost from OPRA, and because the price of GEMX
proprietary data is constrained by the need for GEMX to compete for
order flow. The Exchange further notes that GEMX Open/Close Trade
Profile information is an optional service that only applies to firms
that elect to purchase the product. Moreover, the proposed service is
similar to services already provided by other exchanges, such as the
ISE Open/Close Trade Profile.\17\
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\17\ Nasdaq ISE Rulebook, Fee Schedule, Chapter VIII (Market
Data), A (offering an annual subscription to Nasdaq ISE Open/Close
Trade Profile End of Day for $759 per month) and B (offering a
monthly subscription to the Nasdaq ISE Open/Close Trade Profile
Intraday for $2,000 per month).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The proposed changes are an equitable allocation of reasonable
dues, fees, and other charges because fees will be the same for all of
the purchasers of each product and it is equitable to charge more for
the intraday product--which provides updates at 10 minute intervals
over the course of the trading day--than the end-of-day product, which
provides updates once per day.
B. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement on Burden on Competition
The Exchange does not believe that the proposed rule change will
impose any burden on competition not necessary or appropriate in
furtherance of the purposes of the Act. The proposed changes will allow
the Exchange to offer intraday and end-of-day subscriptions to options
trading data. If the price of the proposed subscriptions were to be set
above a competitive price, the Exchange may lose revenue as a result.
GEMX market data fees are constrained by competition among
exchanges and other entities seeking to attract order flow, and the
existence of substitutes that are offered, or may be offered, by other
entities. Order flow is the ``life blood'' of the exchanges. For a
variety of reasons, competition from new entrants, especially for order
execution, has increased dramatically over the last decade, as
demonstrated by the proliferation of new options exchanges such as EDGX
Exchange and MIAX Options within the last four years. Each options
exchange is permitted to produce proprietary data products.
The markets for order flow and proprietary data are inextricably
linked: A trading platform cannot generate market information unless it
receives trade orders. As a result, the competition for order flow
constrains the prices that platforms can charge for proprietary data
products. Firms make decisions on how much and what types of data to
consume based on the total cost of interacting with GEMX and other
exchanges. Data fees are but one factor in a total platform analysis.
If the cost of the product exceeds its expected value, the prospective
customer will choose not to buy it. A supracompetitive increase in the
fees charged for either transactions or proprietary data has the
potential to impair revenues from both products.
The price of options data is also constrained by the existence of
multiple substitutes offered by a number of entities, and non-
proprietary data disseminated by OPRA. OPRA is a securities information
processor that disseminates last sale reports and quotations, as well
as the number of options contracts traded, open interest and end-of-day
summaries. Many customers that obtain information from OPRA do not also
purchase proprietary data, but in cases in which customers buy both
products, they may shift purchasing decisions based on price changes.
OPRA constrains the price of proprietary data products on options
exchanges because no customer would pay an excessive price for these
products when they already have data from OPRA. Similarly, no customer
would pay an excessive price for Exchange data when they have the
ability to obtain similar proprietary data from other exchanges. It is
not necessary that products be identical in order to be reasonable
substitutes for each other.
As such, the price of the GEMX Open/Close Trade Profile product is
constrained by other exchanges in the competition for order flow and
the availability of similar data from OPRA. Customers choose exchanges
based on the total cost of interacting with the exchange; if the GEMX
Open/Close Trade Profile were set above market price, the total cost of
interacting with GEMX would be above market price, and GEMX would lose
market share as a result. In addition, the availability of trading
information from OPRA will constrain the price of the GEMX Open/Close
Trade Profile because customers would not pay an excessive amount for
proprietary data when similar information is available at a lower
price; two products need not be identical for each product to act as a
constraint on the price of the other. For these reasons, the Exchange
does not believe that the proposed changes will impair the ability of
members or competing order execution venues to maintain their
competitive standing in the financial markets.
C. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement on Comments on the Proposed
Rule Change Received From Members, Participants, or Others
No written comments were either solicited or received.
III. Date of Effectiveness of the Proposed Rule Change and Timing for
Commission Action
Because the foregoing proposed rule change does not: (i)
Significantly affect the protection of investors or the public
interest; (ii) impose any significant burden on competition; and (iii)
become operative for 30 days from the date on which it was filed, or
such shorter time as the Commission may designate, it has become
effective pursuant to Section 19(b)(3)(A)(iii) of the Act \18\ and
subparagraph (f)(6) of Rule 19b-4 thereunder.\19\
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\18\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(3)(A)(iii).
\19\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4(f)(6). In addition, Rule 19b-4(f)(6)
requires a self-regulatory organization to give the Commission
written notice of its intent to file the proposed rule change at
least five business days prior to the date of filing of the proposed
rule change, or such shorter time as designated by the Commission.
The Exchange has satisfied this requirement.
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A proposed rule change filed under Rule 19b-4(f)(6) \20\ normally
does not become operative prior to 30 days after the date of the
filing. However, pursuant to Rule 19b-4(f)(6)(iii),\21\ the Commission
may designate a shorter time if such action is consistent with the
protection of investors and the public interest. The Exchange requests
that the Commission waive the 30-day operative delay. The Exchange
notes that a product similar to the proposed product is already being
sold by another exchange. The Exchange also asserts that the addition
of the proposed product can increase competition, and will not harm
firms that do not purchase the product as the service is optional. The
Commission believes that waiving the 30-day operative delay is
consistent with the protection of investors and the public interest.
Accordingly, the Commission hereby waives the 30-day operative delay
and designates the
[[Page 44238]]
proposed rule change operative upon filing.\22\
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\20\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4(f)(6).
\21\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4(f)(6)(iii).
\22\ For purposes only of waiving the 30-day operative delay,
the Commission has considered the proposed rule's impact on
efficiency, competition, and capital formation. See 15 U.S.C.
78c(f).
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At any time within 60 days of the filing of the proposed rule
change, the Commission summarily may temporarily suspend such rule
change if it appears to the Commission that such action is: (i)
Necessary or appropriate in the public interest; (ii) for the
protection of investors; or (iii) otherwise in furtherance of the
purposes of the Act. If the Commission takes such action, the
Commission shall institute proceedings to determine whether the
proposed rule should be approved or disapproved.
IV. Solicitation of Comments
Interested persons are invited to submit written data, views, and
arguments concerning the foregoing, including whether the proposed rule
change is consistent with the Act. Comments may be submitted by any of
the following methods:
Electronic Comments
Use the Commission's Internet comment form (https://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml); or
Send an email to rule-comments@sec.gov. Please include
File Number SR-GEMX-2017-42 on the subject line.
Paper Comments
Send paper comments in triplicate to Secretary, Securities
and Exchange Commission, 100 F Street NE., Washington, DC 20549-1090.
All submissions should refer to File Number SR-GEMX-2017-42. This file
number should be included on the subject line if email is used. To help
the Commission process and review your comments more efficiently,
please use only one method. The Commission will post all comments on
the Commission's Internet Web site (https://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml). Copies of the submission, all subsequent amendments, all
written statements with respect to the proposed rule change that are
filed with the Commission, and all written communications relating to
the proposed rule change between the Commission and any person, other
than those that may be withheld from the public in accordance with the
provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be available for Web site viewing and
printing in the Commission's Public Reference Room, 100 F Street NE.,
Washington, DC 20549, on official business days between the hours of
10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. Copies of the filing also will be available
for inspection and copying at the principal office of the Exchange. All
comments received will be posted without change; the Commission does
not edit personal identifying information from submissions. You should
submit only information that you wish to make available publicly. All
submissions should refer to File Number SR-GEMX-2017-42 and should be
submitted on or before October 12, 2017.
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\23\ 17 CFR 200.30-3(a)(12).
For the Commission, by the Division of Trading and Markets,
pursuant to delegated authority.\23\
Eduardo A. Aleman,
Assistant Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2017-20088 Filed 9-20-17; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011-01-P