Self-Regulatory Organizations; Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc.; Notice of Filing of a Proposed Rule Change To Amend FINRA Rule 7730 To Reduce the Delay Period for the Historic TRACE Data Sets Relating to Corporate and Agency Debt Securities, 23385-23390 [2017-10307]
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Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 97 / Monday, May 22, 2017 / Notices
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determination of the theoretical
minimum transmission time of
information to the Exchange from other
exchanges, and has affirmed that the
delay is not ‘‘too short’’ so as to not
allow the Exchange to achieve the
purpose of the Delay Mechanism, nor is
it ‘‘overly long’’ so as to be an
unnecessary burden on market
participants. Accordingly, the
Commission finds that the Exchange’s
proposed Delay Mechanism is designed
to protect investors and the public
interest in a manner that is not unfairly
discriminatory and that does not impose
an unnecessary or inappropriate burden
on competition and is therefore
consistent with Sections 6(b)(5) and
6(b)(8) of the Act.78
Further, as described above, all
members of the Exchange would be
equally subject to the Delay Mechanism,
and no member would be permitted to
avoid the delay by payment of a fee or
through any other means. In addition,
the Commission believes the Exchange’s
proposal to subject all outbound
routable orders to the Delay Mechanism
is designed to ensure that the
Exchange’s ability to provide outbound
routing services under the proposal will
be on substantively comparable terms to
a third-party routing broker that is a
member of the Exchange. In particular,
both the Exchange routing logic and a
third-party routing broker-dealer would
experience 350 microseconds of oneway latency in receiving order
information about routable orders from
the Exchange’s matching engine.
Although the Exchange’s proposal is not
identical in all respects to the routing
structure at another exchange with an
access delay,79 the Commission believes
that the Exchange’s proposal would not
provide it with any structural or
informational advantages in its
provision of routing services as
compared to a third-party broker-dealer
member performing a similar function
for itself or others. Therefore, the
Commission believes that the
Exchange’s proposal as applicable to
routable orders would not be unfairly
discriminatory and would not impose
an inappropriate burden on competition
and is therefore consistent with Sections
6(b)(5) and 6(b)(8) of the Act.
The Commission acknowledges that,
as commenters have noted, the
78 While some commenters expressed concern
that intentional delays in protected quotations may
increase market complexity and requested that the
Commission impose a moratorium on new
proposals to implement such delays, the
Commission notes that it carefully considers each
exchange proposal for consistency with the Act.
79 See IEX Rule 11.510. See also IEX Exchange
Approval, supra note 73, 81 FR at 41157–60.
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Exchange’s proposal would differ from
the access delay on another exchange in
that it would be software-based, as
opposed to being implemented through
a physical hardware mechanism.
However, the Commission does not
believe that a software-based delay is
inherently inferior to a hardware-based
delay or that this specific distinction is
material to its analysis of the proposal,
and the Commission notes that the
Exchange would be required, as with
any hardware-based delay, to comply
with its rules requiring the Exchange to
periodically monitor the actual latency
and make adjustments as reasonably
necessary to achieve consistency with
the 350 microsecond target set forth in
the proposed rule.80
Finally, the Commission does not
believe that implementation of the
Exchange’s Delay Mechanism would
preclude the Exchange from
maintaining an automated quotation.
Similar to an existing access delay on
another market,81 the duration of the
proposed Delay Mechanism is well
within the geographic and technological
latencies experienced today, and the
Commission believes that it would not
impair a market participant’s ability to
access a displayed quotation consistent
with the goals of Rule 611.82
Accordingly, the proposed intentional
one-way 350 microsecond delay is de
minimis, and thus, following approval
of the instant proposal, the Exchange
can maintain a protected quotation
when it operates the Delay Mechanism
in the manner described above.
80 See
Proposed Rule 1.1E(y).
IEX Exchange Approval, supra note 73.
82 See Interpretation, supra note 30, 81 FR at
40792 (noting that, in response to technological and
market developments since the adoption of
Regulation NMS, the Commission has provided an
updated interpretation of the meaning of the term
‘‘immediate’’ in Rule 600(b)(3) of Regulation NMS,
when determining whether a trading center
maintains an ‘‘automated quotation’’ for purposes of
Rule 611 of Regulation NMS, to preclude any
coding of automated systems or other type of
intentional device that would delay the action taken
with respect to a quotation unless such delay is de
minimis, or as the Commission noted, so short as
to not frustrate the purposes of Rule 611 by
impairing fair and efficient access to an exchange’s
quotations). The Commission further stated that
such a de minimis access delay would satisfy Rules
600 and 611 under the updated interpretation even
if it involved the use of an ‘‘intentional device’’ to
delay access to an exchange’s quotation. See id. For
purposes of determining whether an exchange
access delay is de minimis, the Commission did not
set out a specific threshold; however, Commission
staff has determined that, today, any delay of less
than one millisecond is a de minimis amount of
delay in accessing an exchange’s facilities for
purposes of the interpretation. See Commission
Staff Guidance on Automated Quotations under
Regulation NMS (June 17, 2016), https://
www.sec.gov/divisions/marketreg/automatedquotations-under-regulation-nms.htm.
81 See
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23385
V. Conclusion
It is therefore ordered, pursuant to
Section 19(b)(2) of the Act,83 that the
proposed rule change (SR–NYSEMKT–
2017–05) be, and hereby is, approved.
For the Commission, by the Division of
Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated
authority.84
Eduardo A. Aleman,
Assistant Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2017–10304 Filed 5–19–17; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
[Release No. 34–80685; File No. SR–FINRA–
2017–012]
Self-Regulatory Organizations;
Financial Industry Regulatory
Authority, Inc.; Notice of Filing of a
Proposed Rule Change To Amend
FINRA Rule 7730 To Reduce the Delay
Period for the Historic TRACE Data
Sets Relating to Corporate and Agency
Debt Securities
May 16, 2017.
Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
(‘‘Act’’) 1 and Rule 19b–4 thereunder,2
notice is hereby given that on May 12,
2017, Financial Industry Regulatory
Authority, Inc. (‘‘FINRA’’) filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission
(‘‘SEC’’ or ‘‘Commission’’) the proposed
rule change as described in Items I, II,
and III below, which Items have been
prepared by FINRA.
The Commission is publishing this
notice to solicit comments on the
proposed rule change from interested
persons.
I. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Terms of Substance of
the Proposed Rule Change
FINRA is proposing to amend Rule
7730 to reduce the delay period for the
Historic TRACE Data Sets relating to
corporate and agency debt securities
from 18 months to six months.
The text of the proposed rule change
is available on FINRA’s Web site at
https://www.finra.org, at the principal
office of FINRA and at the
Commission’s Public Reference Room.
83 15
U.S.C. 78s(b)(2).
CFR 200.30–3(a)(12).
1 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
2 17 CFR 240.19b–4.
84 17
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Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 97 / Monday, May 22, 2017 / Notices
II. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
Change
In its filing with the Commission,
FINRA included statements concerning
the purpose of and basis for the
proposed rule change and discussed any
comments it received on the proposed
rule change. The text of these statements
may be examined at the places specified
in Item IV below. FINRA has prepared
summaries, set forth in sections A, B,
and C below, of the most significant
aspects of such statements.
A. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
Change
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1. Purpose
Rule 7730 (Trade Reporting and
Compliance Engine (TRACE)), among
other things, sets forth the data products
offered by FINRA relating to TRACE
transaction information and the fees
applicable to such products. FINRA’s
data offerings include both real-time as
well as delayed data for most TRACEEligible Securities.3 FINRA’s delayed
data (‘‘Historic TRACE Data’’) contains
historical transaction-level data for the
following TRACE data sets: The Historic
Corporate Bond Data Set, the Historic
Agency Data Set, the Historic
Securitized Product Data Set and the
Historic Rule 144A Data Set.4 Rule 7730
provides that Historic TRACE Data will
be delayed a minimum of 18 months
and will not include Market Participant
Identifier (‘‘MPID’’) information.5 The
proposed rule change would reduce the
delay period applicable to the Historic
Corporate Bond Data Set and the
3 Rule 6710 (Definitions) provides that a ‘‘TRACEEligible Security’’ is a debt security that is United
States dollar-denominated and issued by a U.S. or
foreign private issuer, and, if a ‘‘restricted security’’
as defined in Securities Act Rule 144(a)(3), sold
pursuant to Securities Act Rule 144A; or is a debt
security that is U.S. dollar-denominated and issued
or guaranteed by an Agency as defined in paragraph
(k) or a Government-Sponsored Enterprise as
defined in paragraph (n); or a U.S. Treasury
Security as defined in paragraph (p). ‘‘TRACEEligible Security’’ does not include a debt security
that is: Issued by a foreign sovereign or a Money
Market Instrument as defined in paragraph (o).
4 Historic TRACE Data originally included only
the Corporate Bond and Agency Data Sets; the
Securitized Product (‘‘SP’’) Data Set and the Rule
144A Data Set were added to Historic TRACE Data
later as information about transactions in those
securities became subject to dissemination.
Additional securities may be included in Historic
TRACE Data as they become subject to
dissemination.
5 The specific data elements provided in the
Historic TRACE Data Sets are to be determined from
time-to-time by FINRA in its discretion and as
stated in a Regulatory Notice or other equivalent
publication. See infra note 8.
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Historic Agency Data Set and Rule 144A
transactions in corresponding securities
(together, ‘‘Corporate and Agency
Historic TRACE Data’’), from 18 months
to six months and would retain the
criteria that MPIDs not be included.6
The Historic TRACE Data provisions
and related fees became effective in
2010.7 Historic TRACE Data provides
transaction-level data for all trades
reported to TRACE in those classes of
TRACE-Eligible Securities that currently
are disseminated and includes, among
other things, the price, date, time of
execution, yield and uncapped volume
for each transaction, provided the
transaction is at least 18 months old.8
The 18-month delay period was adopted
to address concerns regarding the
possibility that the data, though
6 FINRA proposes to retain the current 18-month
delay for the Historic SP Data Set. The Historic SP
Data Set generally includes information on
transactions in asset-backed securities (‘‘ABS’’),
mortgage-backed securities (‘‘MBS’’), and Small
Business Administration (‘‘SBA’’)-backed securities
traded To Be Announced (‘‘TBA’’) and in specified
pool transactions, collateralized mortgage-backed
securities (‘‘CMBS’’), collateralized mortgage
obligations (‘‘CMO’’) and collateralized debt
obligations (‘‘CDO’’). While transaction information
on ABSs, MBSs and TBAs are currently subject to
dissemination and CMOs became subject to
dissemination on March 20, 2017, FINRA does not
yet disseminate transaction information on CMBSs
or CDOs. FINRA issued a Regulatory Notice seeking
comment on a proposal to disseminate such
products. See Regulatory Notice 15–04 (February
2015) (FINRA Requests Comment on a Proposal to
Disseminate Additional Securitized Products and to
Reduce the Reporting Time Frame for These
Products). Once all SPs become subject to
dissemination, FINRA will consider whether a
delay period of less than 18 months should apply
to the Historic SP Data Set.
7 See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 61012
(November 16, 2009), 74 FR 61189 (November 23,
2009) (Order Approving File No. SR–FINRA–2007–
006). See also Regulatory Notice 10–14 (March
2010).
8 Historic TRACE Data also may include
transactions or items of information that were not
disseminated previously. For example, Historic
TRACE Data includes exact trade volumes, rather
than the capped amounts that are disseminated in
real-time. The applicable real-time dissemination
cap differs depending upon the type of TRACEEligible Security being reported. The caps are $5
million for agency debentures and corporate bonds
that are rated investment grade; $1 million for
corporate bonds that are rated non-investment
grade; $25 million for agency pass-through
mortgage-backed securities traded TBA for good
delivery; and $10 million for agency pass-through
mortgage-backed securities traded TBA not for good
delivery, agency pass-through mortgage-backed
securities traded in specified pool transactions, and
SBA-backed asset-backed securities traded TBA and
in specified pool transactions.
Historic TRACE Data also is available for trade
reports dating back to 2002, even for transactions
that were not subject to public dissemination at the
time. Similarly, while real-time information for
specified pool transactions is disseminated based
on security characteristics, Historic TRACE Data
identifies securities by CUSIP. Historic TRACE Data
also includes reports on both the buy- and sell-side
of inter-dealer transactions, whereas only sell-side
trade reports are subject to real-time dissemination.
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delayed, might be used to identify
current trading, positions or the
strategies of market participants.9
Since implementation, researchers
and other non-dealers have been the
primary subscribers to Historic TRACE
Data. FINRA understands that the lack
of usage by dealers is due to the 18month delay period for transactions
included in Historic TRACE Data and
market participants have indicated that
a reduction in the delay period to six
months would make the data more
useful.
In response, FINRA is proposing to
reduce the delay period applicable to
Corporate and Agency Historic TRACE
Data from 18 months to six months.
FINRA is not aware of any instances of
complaints regarding information
leakage under the 18-month delay
timeframe, and believes that the delay
period can be reduced, thereby
increasing the utility of the Corporate
and Agency Historic TRACE Data to
market participants and promoting the
goal of increased transparency for
TRACE-Eligible Securities.10 FINRA
also believes that a six-month delay will
be sufficient to continue to address
information leakage concerns.11
If the Commission approves the
proposed rule change, FINRA will
announce the effective date of the
proposed rule change in a Regulatory
Notice to be published no later than 60
days following Commission approval.
The effective date will be no later than
120 days following publication of the
Regulatory Notice.
2. Statutory Basis
FINRA believes that the proposed rule
change is consistent with the provisions
of Section 15A(b)(6) of the Act,12 which
requires, among other things, that
FINRA rules must be designed to
prevent fraudulent and manipulative
acts and practices, to promote just and
9 See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 56327
(August 28, 2007), 72 FR 51689 (September 10,
2007) (Notice of Filing of File No. SR–FINRA–
2007–006). See also Notice to Members 06–32 (June
2006).
10 FINRA is not proposing any changes to the
fields made available in the Historic TRACE Data
at this time, and notes that the data will continue
to omit any identifying dealer information.
Additional information regarding included fields is
available in ‘‘Historic TRACE Data: Enhanced
Historical Time and Sales—Trade Record File
Layout’’ in the technical specifications.
11 FINRA notes that the Municipal Securities
Rulemaking Board (MSRB) disseminates in realtime the exact par value on all transactions with a
par value of $5 million or less, and includes an
indicator (‘‘MM+’’) in place of the exact par value
on transactions where the par value is greater than
$5 million until the fifth business day. MSRB
disseminates the exact par value on all transactions
on the fifth day after the trade.
12 15 U.S.C. 78o–3(b)(6).
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2,230,676, or approximately 74.5%, of
the 2,992,946 daily corporate bond
positions in the sample were reversed
on the same day (number of days = 0).
The average size of the positions in this
category was approximately $0.8
million per CUSIP. 21.9% of the trades
were reversed between one and 180
days. These trades had an average size
of between $1.4 and $2.0 million. The
remaining positions, approximately
3.6% of the sample, were reversed after
180 days (i.e., remained open for longer
than 180 days). FINRA notes that the
vast majority, approximately 79.2%, of
13 Historic TRACE Data does not include a ‘‘List
or Fixed Offering Price Transaction’’ or ‘‘Takedown
Transaction,’’ as defined in Rule 6710.
14 To ‘‘reverse’’ a position means entering into a
trade on the opposite side of a position that flattens
or reverses the position. For example, if long in a
specific bond, a reversal would entail a sell trade
in an amount that is equal to or greater than the
amount of the original position.
15 Positions that are created in the last six months
of the sample period are not included in the sample
to prevent a bias in the results.
B. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement on Burden on Competition
FINRA does not believe that the
proposed rule change will result in any
burden on competition that is not
necessary or appropriate in furtherance
of the purposes of the Act.
Economic Impact Analysis
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(a) Need for the Rule
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(b) Regulatory Objective
The proposed shorter delay period for
Historic TRACE Data aims to increase
the utility of Historic TRACE Data for
market participants and others, thereby
promoting the goal of increased
transparency for TRACE-Eligible
Securities.
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As discussed above, FINRA has
received feedback from market
participants that the current 18-month
delay period may be too long to make
Historic TRACE Data useful. Most
subscribers to Historic TRACE Data
(c) Economic Impacts
FINRA’s existing Historic TRACE
Data product provides transaction-level
data on an 18-month delayed basis for
all transactions that have been reported
to TRACE in the classes of TRACEEligible Securities that currently are
disseminated. As detailed above, FINRA
is proposing to reduce the delay period
for the Historic TRACE Data Sets
relating to Corporate and Agency Debt
securities from 18 months to six
months.
The proposed rule change would
expand the benefits of FINRA’s TRACE
initiatives by increasing the utility of
the Corporate and Agency Historic
TRACE Data Sets to market participants,
as the proposed reduction in the delay
period to six months would make the
data more useful.
The proposed rule change will not
have any operational impact on firms, as
the proposal does not require firms to
provide FINRA with any additional
data. The purchase of TRACE data
products will continue to be optional for
members and others. However, FINRA
considered the potential for indirect
costs regarding possible information
leakage due to the reduction in the
delay period applicable to the Corporate
and Agency Historic TRACE Data Sets
from 18 months to six months. To
address those concerns and investigate
whether the reduction in the delay
period poses a risk for reverse
engineering of positions, FINRA
analyzed daily positions in 12,087
corporate and 10,109 agency bonds, that
were issued between March 6, 2012 and
February 5, 2014, by using trades
between February 6, 2012 and February
5, 2016 that were reported to TRACE by
1,509 market participants.13
Figure 1 depicts the average number
of days it takes to reverse 14 corporate
bond positions and the average position
size in the sample.15
equitable principles of trade, and, in
general, to protect investors and the
public interest.
FINRA believes that reducing the
delay period for the Corporate and
Agency Historic TRACE Data will
increase the utility of the data to market
participants and others, thereby
promoting the goal of increased
transparency for TRACE-Eligible
Securities, while continuing to
incorporate a sufficient period of aging
to address information leakage
concerns.
have been vendors and research firms;
there have been very few member
subscribers due to the length of the
delay.
23387
23388
Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 97 / Monday, May 22, 2017 / Notices
of the CUSIPs (an average issuance
amount of approximately $315 million).
These 642 CUSIPs had an average of
seven trades per CUSIP over the sample
period, compared to 1,306 trades per
CUSIP for the rest of the sample. These
CUSIPs also were traded by fewer
market participants, an average of 1.3,
compared to an average of 42 market
participants for the remaining 11,445
CUSIPs. There were only 862 positions
in those 642 CUSIPs, with relatively
large balances as a proportion to the
issuance size, with an average balanceto-issuance size of 32.5%, compared to
0.3% for the remaining CUSIPs.
Approximately 15% of the 862 positions
were reversed between six and 18
months of acquisition, implying that the
reduction in dissemination delay would
impact a small portion of the holdings
in the sample. This would suggest that
the proposed rule, if it had been in
place, would have provided little
additional information to the public
relative to these positions.
These figures suggest that only a small
portion of the corporate positions in the
sample are reversed after 180 days of
acquisitions. Moreover, only a few
CUSIPs had positions with holding
periods of more than 180 days, while
such positions consisted of less than
0.02% of all daily corporate bond
positions in the sample.
Figure 2 depicts the average number
of days it takes to reverse agency bond
positions and the average position size
in the sample.
Of the 425,823 daily agency bond
positions, 317,447, or approximately
74.5%, of the sample were reversed on
the same day (number of days = 0). The
average size of the positions in this
category was approximately $2.5
million per CUSIP. Another 18.0% of
the trades were reversed between one
and 180 days. These trades had an
average size of between $4.4 and $5.2
million. The remaining positions,
approximately 7.4% of the sample, were
still open for more than 180 days.
Approximately 92.4%, of the positions
in this category were still open at the
end of our sample period.17 The
positions that remained open for more
than 180 days had an average size of
$13.2 million.18
764 CUSIPs only had positions that
were reversed after 180 days from
acquisition. Another 497 CUSIPs only
had positions that were reversed within
180 days. The remaining 8,848 CUSIPs
had both positions that were reversed
within 180 days and positions that were
reversed after 180 days from acquisition.
The 764 CUSIPs with positions that
were reversed after 180 days were
slightly smaller issues (an average
issuance amount of approximately $110
million) than the rest of the CUSIPs (an
average issuance amount of
approximately $125 million). These 764
CUSIPs had an average of 1.7 trades per
CUSIP over the sample period,
compared to 175 trades per CUSIP for
the rest of the sample. These CUSIPs
also were traded by fewer market
participants, an average of 1.1,
compared to an average of 22 market
participants for the remaining 9,345
CUSIPs (497 + 8,848) for positions that
were reversed both within and after 180
days of acquisition. There were 816
positions in those 764 CUSIPS, with
relatively larger balances (but not as
large as those for corporate bonds) as a
proportion to the issuance size, with an
average balance-to-issuance size of
2.1%, compared to 0.2% for the rest of
16 The difference in the average size of positions
that reversed after 180 days ($2.1 million) and
positions that were reversed within 180 days ($0.9
million) is statistically significant at conventional
levels.
17 FINRA staff also notes that approximately
93.3% of the open agency bond positions in the
sample were open for more than 180 days as of
February 5, 2016.
18 The difference in the average size of positions
that reversed after 180 days ($13.2 million) and
positions that are reversed within 180 days ($2.8
million) is statistically significant at conventional
levels.
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mstockstill on DSK30JT082PROD with NOTICES
the positions in this category were still
open at the end of our sample period
(February 5, 2016). The positions that
remained open for more than 180 days
had an average size of $2.1 million.16
642 CUSIPs only had positions that
were reversed after 180 days from
acquisition. Another 1,402 CUSIPs only
had positions that were reversed within
180 days. The remaining 10,043 CUSIPs
had both positions that were reversed
within 180 days and positions that were
reversed after 180 days from acquisition.
FINRA believes that the risk of reverse
engineering would be higher for the 642
CUSIPs that only had positions that
were still open after 180 days. These
CUSIPs were for significantly smaller
issues (average issuance amount of
approximately $38 million) than the rest
Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 97 / Monday, May 22, 2017 / Notices
the position balances (425,007) in the
rest of the CUSIPs. Approximately 1%
of the 816 positions were reversed
between six and 18 months of
acquisition, implying that the reduction
in dissemination delay would impact a
very small portion of the holdings in the
agency bond sample.
These figures suggest that only a small
portion of the agency bond positions in
the sample were reversed after 180 days
of acquisition. Moreover, only a few
CUSIPs related to positions with
holding periods longer than 180 days,
while such positions consisted of less
than 0.02% of all daily agency bond
positions in the sample.
Based on the empirical evidence in
the sample period, FINRA notes that
information leakage, due to the
reduction in the delay period applicable
to the Corporate and Agency Historic
TRACE Data Sets from 18 months to six
months is a limited risk for smaller
issues that are held by a limited number
of market participants. As noted above,
such issues are, on average, traded very
infrequently. As such, the information
leakage associated with these issues
may be of limited use to market
participants. To the extent that such
market participants choose not to trade
these issues as a result of the proposed
dissemination delay, some CUSIPs may
experience a decrease in liquidity.
C. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement on Comments on the
Proposed Rule Change Received From
Members, Participants, or Others
mstockstill on DSK30JT082PROD with NOTICES
The proposed rule change was
published for comment in Regulatory
Notice 15–24 (June 2015). Four
comment letters were received in
response to the Notice.19 A copy of the
Notice is attached as Exhibit 2a. The list
of the commenters is attached as Exhibit
2b. Copies of the comment letters
received in response to the Notice are
attached as Exhibit 2c.
SIFMA, BDA and Wharton supported
the proposed reduction in the delay
period for Historic TRACE Data from 18
months to six months. SIFMA noted
that, if certain TRACE-Eligible
Securities (not currently subject to
19 See Letter from Sean Davy, Managing Director,
Securities Industry and Financial Markets
Association, to Maria E. Asquith, Corporate
Secretary, FINRA, dated August 24, 2015
(‘‘SIFMA’’); letter from Michael Nicholas, CEO,
Bond Dealers of America, to Maria E. Asquith,
Corporate Secretary, FINRA, dated August 24, 2015
(‘‘BDA’’); letter from Luis Palacios, Director of
Research Services, The Wharton School, to Maria E.
Asquith, Corporate Secretary, FINRA, dated
September 10, 2015 (‘‘Wharton’’); and letter from
Carrie Devorah, Founder, The Center for Copyrights
Integrity, to Maria E. Asquith, Corporate Secretary,
FINRA, dated September 14, 2015 (‘‘CCI’’).
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23:17 May 19, 2017
Jkt 241001
dissemination) became subject to
dissemination—i.e., CMOs, CMBSs and
CDOs, FINRA should consider potential
information leakage and liquidity issues
for such securities prior to including
them in Historic TRACE Data with a sixmonth, reduced delay. SIFMA suggested
a phased-in approach to incorporating
this subset of TRACE-Eligible Securities
that would begin with an 18-month
delay and that, ultimately, is reduced to
six months once these products are
subject to public dissemination. In
response to this comment, and as
discussed in Section II.A.1. of this
filing, FINRA has revised the proposal
to reduce the 18-month delay period to
six months only for the Historic
Corporate and Agency Data; the Historic
SP Data Set will continue to be subject
to an 18-month delay. FINRA will
consider whether reducing the 18month delay period for the Historic SP
Data Set is appropriate once all SPs
have become subject to dissemination.20
CCI did not support the proposal and,
among other things, raised privacy
concerns, and stated that any data
transmitted online has no privacy.21
FINRA notes that the Historic TRACE
Data product consists of securityfocused transaction information, not
customer information, and generally is
available to any professional or nonprofessional party that subscribes,
executes appropriate agreements and
pays the applicable fee. In addition,
while Historic TRACE Data includes
delayed information for transactions
that were not disseminated previously,
the vast majority of the data included
already has been disseminated publicly.
Thus, in the unprecedented event of a
breach involving Historic TRACE Data,
FINRA does not believe this would
present a harm to FINRA members or
the market.
III. Date of Effectiveness of the
Proposed Rule Change and Timing for
Commission Action
Within 45 days of the date of
publication of this notice in the Federal
Register or within such longer period (i)
as the Commission may designate up to
90 days of such date if it finds such
longer period to be appropriate and
publishes its reasons for so finding or
(ii) as to which the self-regulatory
organization consents, the Commission
will:
(A) By order approve or disapprove
such proposed rule change, or
20 See
supra note 6.
also raised other issues that are not
germane to the proposed reduction of the delay
period for Historic TRACE Data and that, therefore,
are not addressed herein.
21 CCI
PO 00000
Frm 00220
Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
23389
(B) institute proceedings to determine
whether the proposed rule change
should be disapproved.
IV. Solicitation of Comments
Interested persons are invited to
submit written data, views and
arguments concerning the foregoing,
including whether the proposed rule
change is consistent with the Act.
Comments may be submitted by any of
the following methods:
Electronic Comments
• Use the Commission’s Internet
comment form (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml); or
• Send an email to rule-comments@
sec.gov. Please include File Number SR–
FINRA–2017–012 on the subject line.
Paper Comments
• Send paper comments in triplicate
to Secretary, Securities and Exchange
Commission, 100 F Street NE.,
Washington, DC 20549–1090.
All submissions should refer to File
Number SR–FINRA–2017–012. This file
number should be included on the
subject line if email is used. To help the
Commission process and review your
comments more efficiently, please use
only one method. The Commission will
post all comments on the Commission’s
Internet Web site (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml). Copies of the
submission, all subsequent
amendments, all written statements
with respect to the proposed rule
change that are filed with the
Commission, and all written
communications relating to the
proposed rule change between the
Commission and any person, other than
those that may be withheld from the
public in accordance with the
provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be
available for Web site viewing and
printing in the Commission’s Public
Reference Room, 100 F Street NE.,
Washington, DC 20549, on official
business days between the hours of 10
a.m. and 3 p.m. Copies of such filing
also will be available for inspection and
copying at the principal office of
FINRA. All comments received will be
posted without change; the Commission
does not edit personal identifying
information from submissions. You
should submit only information that
you wish to make available publicly. All
submissions should refer to File
Number SR–FINRA–2017–012 and
should be submitted on or before June
12, 2017.
E:\FR\FM\22MYN1.SGM
22MYN1
23390
Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 97 / Monday, May 22, 2017 / Notices
For the Commission, by the Division of
Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated
authority.22
Eduardo A. Aleman,
Assistant Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2017–10307 Filed 5–19–17; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
[Release No. IC–32638; 812–14735]
Solar Capital Ltd., et al.
May 17, 2017.
Securities and Exchange
Commission (‘‘Commission’’).
ACTION: Notice.
mstockstill on DSK30JT082PROD with NOTICES
AGENCY:
Notice of application for an order
(‘‘Order’’) to amend a prior order under
sections 17(d) and 57(i) of the
Investment Company Act of 1940 (the
‘‘Act’’) and rule 17d–1 under the Act
permitting certain joint transactions
otherwise prohibited by sections 17(d)
and 57(a)(4) of the Act and under rule
17d–1 under the Act. Applicants request
an order that would permit certain
business development companies (each,
a ‘‘BDC’’) and certain closed-end
investment companies to co-invest in
portfolio companies with each other and
with affiliated investment funds. The
Order would supersede the prior order.1
Applicants: Solar Capital Ltd. (‘‘Solar
Capital’’); Solar Senior Capital Ltd.
(‘‘Solar Senior’’ and together with Solar
Capital, the ‘‘Solar Funds’’); SUNS SPV
LLC (‘‘Solar Senior Subsidiary’’) and
Solar Capital Partners, LLC (‘‘Solar
Adviser’’).
Filing Dates: The application was
filed on January 13, 2017, and amended
on April 4, 2017 and May 4, 2017.
Hearing or Notification of Hearing: An
order granting the requested relief will
be issued unless the Commission orders
a hearing. Interested persons may
request a hearing by writing to the
Commission’s Secretary and serving
applicants with a copy of the request,
personally or by mail. Hearing requests
should be received by the Commission
by 5:30 p.m. on June 12, 2017, and
should be accompanied by proof of
service on applicants, in the form of an
affidavit or, for lawyers, a certificate of
service. Pursuant to rule 0–5 under the
Act, hearing requests should state the
nature of the writer’s interest, any facts
bearing upon the desirability of a
hearing on the matter, the reason for the
22 17
CFR 200.30–3(a)(12).
Capital Ltd., et al., Investment Company
Act Rel. Nos. 31143 (Jul. 1, 2014) (notice) and 31187
(Jul. 28, 2014) (order).
1 Solar
VerDate Sep<11>2014
23:17 May 19, 2017
Jkt 241001
request, and the issues contested.
Persons who wish to be notified of a
hearing may request notification by
writing to the Commission’s Secretary.
ADDRESSES: Secretary, U.S. Securities
and Exchange Commission, 100 F St.
NE., Washington, DC 20549–1090.
Applicants: Michael S. Gross, Solar
Capital Ltd., 500 Park Avenue, New
York, NY 10022.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Barbara T. Heussler, Senior Counsel, at
(202) 551–6990 or Robert H. Shapiro,
Branch Chief, at (202) 551–6821
(Division of Investment Management,
Chief Counsel’s Office).
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The
following is a summary of the
application. The complete application
may be obtained via the Commission’s
Web site by searching for the file
number, or for an applicant using the
Company name box, at https://
www.sec.gov/search/search.htm or by
calling (202) 551–8090.
Summary of the Application
1. The Solar Funds are Maryland
corporations organized as closed-end
management investment companies that
have elected to be regulated as BDC’s
under section 54(a) of the Act.2 Solar
Capital’s investment objective is to
generate both current income and
capital appreciation through debt and
equity investment. Solar Senior’s
investment objective is to seek to
maximize current income consistent
with the preservation of capital. The
Solar Funds each have a five-member
Board,3 of which the same three
members serve as Non-Interested
Directors.4
2. Solar Senior Subsidiary is a
Wholly-Owned Investment Sub, as
defined below, whose sole business
purpose is to hold one or more
investments on behalf of Solar Senior.
Because it is a wholly-owned,
consolidated subsidiary of Solar Senior,
and Solar Senior’s investment adviser is
Solar Adviser, Solar Adviser also
manages the assets the Solar Senior
Subsidiary.
3. Solar Adviser, a privately held
investment adviser registered with the
2 Section 2(a)(48) of the Act defines a BDC to be
any closed-end investment company that operates
for the purpose of making investments in securities
described in sections 55(a)(1) through 55(a)(3) of the
Act and makes available significant managerial
assistance with respect to the issuers of such
securities.
3 The term ‘‘Board’’ refers to the Board of
Directors of the relevant Regulated Fund.
4 The term ‘‘Non-Interested Directors’’ means,
with respect to any Board, the directors who are not
‘‘interested persons’’ within the meaning of section
2(a)(19).
PO 00000
Frm 00221
Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
Commission under the Investment
Advisers Act of 1940 (the ‘‘Advisers
Act’’), was organized as a limited
liability company under the laws of the
state of Delaware. Solar Adviser serves
as the investment adviser to each of the
Solar Funds.
4. Applicants seek an Order to permit
a Regulated Fund 5 and one or more
other Regulated Funds and/or one or
more Affiliated Funds 6 to participate in
the same investment opportunities
through a proposed co-investment
program (the ‘‘Co-Investment Program’’)
where such participation would
otherwise be prohibited under section
57(a)(4) and rule 17d–1 by (a) coinvesting with each other in securities
issued by issuers in private placement
transactions in which an Adviser
negotiates terms in addition to price; 7
and (b) making additional investments
in securities of such issuers, including
through the exercise of warrants,
conversion privileges, and other rights
to purchase securities of the issuers
(‘‘Follow-On Investments’’). ‘‘CoInvestment Transaction’’ means any
transaction in which a Regulated Fund
(or its Wholly-Owned Investment Sub)
participated together with one or more
other Regulated Funds and/or one or
more Affiliated Funds in reliance on the
requested Order. ‘‘Potential CoInvestment Transaction’’ means any
investment opportunity in which a
Regulated Fund (or its Wholly-Owned
Investment Sub) could not participate
together with one or more Affiliated
Funds and/or one or more other
Regulated Funds without obtaining and
relying on the Order.8
5 ‘‘Regulated Fund’’ means Solar Capital, Solar
Senior and any Future Regulated Fund. ‘‘Future
Regulated Fund’’ means any closed-end
management investment company (a) that is
registered under the Act or has elected to be
regulated as a BDC, (b) whose investment adviser
is an Adviser, and (c) that intends to participate in
the Co-Investment Program. The term ‘‘Adviser’’
means (a) Solar Adviser or its successors, and (b)
any future investment adviser that controls, is
controlled by, or is under common control with
Solar Adviser and is registered as an investment
adviser under the Advisers Act. The term
‘‘successor’’ means an entity that results from a
reorganization into another jurisdiction or change
in the type of business organization.
6 ‘‘Affiliated Fund’’ means any entity (a) whose
investment adviser is an Adviser, (b) that would be
an investment company but for section 3(c)(1) or
3(c)(7) of the Act, and (c) that intends to participate
in the Co-Investment Program.
7 The term ‘‘private placement transactions’’
means transactions in which the offer and sale of
securities by the issuer are exempt from registration
under the Securities Act of 1933 (the ‘‘Securities
Act’’).
8 All existing entities that currently intend to rely
upon the requested Order have been named as
applicants. Any other existing or future entity that
subsequently relies on the Order will comply with
the terms and conditions of the application.
E:\FR\FM\22MYN1.SGM
22MYN1
Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 82, Number 97 (Monday, May 22, 2017)]
[Notices]
[Pages 23385-23390]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2017-10307]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
[Release No. 34-80685; File No. SR-FINRA-2017-012]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; Financial Industry Regulatory
Authority, Inc.; Notice of Filing of a Proposed Rule Change To Amend
FINRA Rule 7730 To Reduce the Delay Period for the Historic TRACE Data
Sets Relating to Corporate and Agency Debt Securities
May 16, 2017.
Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
(``Act'') \1\ and Rule 19b-4 thereunder,\2\ notice is hereby given that
on May 12, 2017, Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc.
(``FINRA'') filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (``SEC''
or ``Commission'') the proposed rule change as described in Items I,
II, and III below, which Items have been prepared by FINRA.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
\2\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Commission is publishing this notice to solicit comments on the
proposed rule change from interested persons.
I. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Terms of Substance
of the Proposed Rule Change
FINRA is proposing to amend Rule 7730 to reduce the delay period
for the Historic TRACE Data Sets relating to corporate and agency debt
securities from 18 months to six months.
The text of the proposed rule change is available on FINRA's Web
site at https://www.finra.org, at the principal office of FINRA and at
the Commission's Public Reference Room.
[[Page 23386]]
II. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change
In its filing with the Commission, FINRA included statements
concerning the purpose of and basis for the proposed rule change and
discussed any comments it received on the proposed rule change. The
text of these statements may be examined at the places specified in
Item IV below. FINRA has prepared summaries, set forth in sections A,
B, and C below, of the most significant aspects of such statements.
A. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change
1. Purpose
Rule 7730 (Trade Reporting and Compliance Engine (TRACE)), among
other things, sets forth the data products offered by FINRA relating to
TRACE transaction information and the fees applicable to such products.
FINRA's data offerings include both real-time as well as delayed data
for most TRACE-Eligible Securities.\3\ FINRA's delayed data (``Historic
TRACE Data'') contains historical transaction-level data for the
following TRACE data sets: The Historic Corporate Bond Data Set, the
Historic Agency Data Set, the Historic Securitized Product Data Set and
the Historic Rule 144A Data Set.\4\ Rule 7730 provides that Historic
TRACE Data will be delayed a minimum of 18 months and will not include
Market Participant Identifier (``MPID'') information.\5\ The proposed
rule change would reduce the delay period applicable to the Historic
Corporate Bond Data Set and the Historic Agency Data Set and Rule 144A
transactions in corresponding securities (together, ``Corporate and
Agency Historic TRACE Data''), from 18 months to six months and would
retain the criteria that MPIDs not be included.\6\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\3\ Rule 6710 (Definitions) provides that a ``TRACE-Eligible
Security'' is a debt security that is United States dollar-
denominated and issued by a U.S. or foreign private issuer, and, if
a ``restricted security'' as defined in Securities Act Rule
144(a)(3), sold pursuant to Securities Act Rule 144A; or is a debt
security that is U.S. dollar-denominated and issued or guaranteed by
an Agency as defined in paragraph (k) or a Government-Sponsored
Enterprise as defined in paragraph (n); or a U.S. Treasury Security
as defined in paragraph (p). ``TRACE-Eligible Security'' does not
include a debt security that is: Issued by a foreign sovereign or a
Money Market Instrument as defined in paragraph (o).
\4\ Historic TRACE Data originally included only the Corporate
Bond and Agency Data Sets; the Securitized Product (``SP'') Data Set
and the Rule 144A Data Set were added to Historic TRACE Data later
as information about transactions in those securities became subject
to dissemination. Additional securities may be included in Historic
TRACE Data as they become subject to dissemination.
\5\ The specific data elements provided in the Historic TRACE
Data Sets are to be determined from time-to-time by FINRA in its
discretion and as stated in a Regulatory Notice or other equivalent
publication. See infra note 8.
\6\ FINRA proposes to retain the current 18-month delay for the
Historic SP Data Set. The Historic SP Data Set generally includes
information on transactions in asset-backed securities (``ABS''),
mortgage-backed securities (``MBS''), and Small Business
Administration (``SBA'')-backed securities traded To Be Announced
(``TBA'') and in specified pool transactions, collateralized
mortgage-backed securities (``CMBS''), collateralized mortgage
obligations (``CMO'') and collateralized debt obligations (``CDO'').
While transaction information on ABSs, MBSs and TBAs are currently
subject to dissemination and CMOs became subject to dissemination on
March 20, 2017, FINRA does not yet disseminate transaction
information on CMBSs or CDOs. FINRA issued a Regulatory Notice
seeking comment on a proposal to disseminate such products. See
Regulatory Notice 15-04 (February 2015) (FINRA Requests Comment on a
Proposal to Disseminate Additional Securitized Products and to
Reduce the Reporting Time Frame for These Products). Once all SPs
become subject to dissemination, FINRA will consider whether a delay
period of less than 18 months should apply to the Historic SP Data
Set.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Historic TRACE Data provisions and related fees became
effective in 2010.\7\ Historic TRACE Data provides transaction-level
data for all trades reported to TRACE in those classes of TRACE-
Eligible Securities that currently are disseminated and includes, among
other things, the price, date, time of execution, yield and uncapped
volume for each transaction, provided the transaction is at least 18
months old.\8\ The 18-month delay period was adopted to address
concerns regarding the possibility that the data, though delayed, might
be used to identify current trading, positions or the strategies of
market participants.\9\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\7\ See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 61012 (November 16,
2009), 74 FR 61189 (November 23, 2009) (Order Approving File No. SR-
FINRA-2007-006). See also Regulatory Notice 10-14 (March 2010).
\8\ Historic TRACE Data also may include transactions or items
of information that were not disseminated previously. For example,
Historic TRACE Data includes exact trade volumes, rather than the
capped amounts that are disseminated in real-time. The applicable
real-time dissemination cap differs depending upon the type of
TRACE-Eligible Security being reported. The caps are $5 million for
agency debentures and corporate bonds that are rated investment
grade; $1 million for corporate bonds that are rated non-investment
grade; $25 million for agency pass-through mortgage-backed
securities traded TBA for good delivery; and $10 million for agency
pass-through mortgage-backed securities traded TBA not for good
delivery, agency pass-through mortgage-backed securities traded in
specified pool transactions, and SBA-backed asset-backed securities
traded TBA and in specified pool transactions.
Historic TRACE Data also is available for trade reports dating
back to 2002, even for transactions that were not subject to public
dissemination at the time. Similarly, while real-time information
for specified pool transactions is disseminated based on security
characteristics, Historic TRACE Data identifies securities by CUSIP.
Historic TRACE Data also includes reports on both the buy- and sell-
side of inter-dealer transactions, whereas only sell-side trade
reports are subject to real-time dissemination.
\9\ See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 56327 (August 28,
2007), 72 FR 51689 (September 10, 2007) (Notice of Filing of File
No. SR-FINRA-2007-006). See also Notice to Members 06-32 (June
2006).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Since implementation, researchers and other non-dealers have been
the primary subscribers to Historic TRACE Data. FINRA understands that
the lack of usage by dealers is due to the 18-month delay period for
transactions included in Historic TRACE Data and market participants
have indicated that a reduction in the delay period to six months would
make the data more useful.
In response, FINRA is proposing to reduce the delay period
applicable to Corporate and Agency Historic TRACE Data from 18 months
to six months. FINRA is not aware of any instances of complaints
regarding information leakage under the 18-month delay timeframe, and
believes that the delay period can be reduced, thereby increasing the
utility of the Corporate and Agency Historic TRACE Data to market
participants and promoting the goal of increased transparency for
TRACE-Eligible Securities.\10\ FINRA also believes that a six-month
delay will be sufficient to continue to address information leakage
concerns.\11\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\10\ FINRA is not proposing any changes to the fields made
available in the Historic TRACE Data at this time, and notes that
the data will continue to omit any identifying dealer information.
Additional information regarding included fields is available in
``Historic TRACE Data: Enhanced Historical Time and Sales--Trade
Record File Layout'' in the technical specifications.
\11\ FINRA notes that the Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board
(MSRB) disseminates in real-time the exact par value on all
transactions with a par value of $5 million or less, and includes an
indicator (``MM+'') in place of the exact par value on transactions
where the par value is greater than $5 million until the fifth
business day. MSRB disseminates the exact par value on all
transactions on the fifth day after the trade.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
If the Commission approves the proposed rule change, FINRA will
announce the effective date of the proposed rule change in a Regulatory
Notice to be published no later than 60 days following Commission
approval. The effective date will be no later than 120 days following
publication of the Regulatory Notice.
2. Statutory Basis
FINRA believes that the proposed rule change is consistent with the
provisions of Section 15A(b)(6) of the Act,\12\ which requires, among
other things, that FINRA rules must be designed to prevent fraudulent
and manipulative acts and practices, to promote just and
[[Page 23387]]
equitable principles of trade, and, in general, to protect investors
and the public interest.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\12\ 15 U.S.C. 78o-3(b)(6).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
FINRA believes that reducing the delay period for the Corporate and
Agency Historic TRACE Data will increase the utility of the data to
market participants and others, thereby promoting the goal of increased
transparency for TRACE-Eligible Securities, while continuing to
incorporate a sufficient period of aging to address information leakage
concerns.
B. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement on Burden on Competition
FINRA does not believe that the proposed rule change will result in
any burden on competition that is not necessary or appropriate in
furtherance of the purposes of the Act.
Economic Impact Analysis
(a) Need for the Rule
As discussed above, FINRA has received feedback from market
participants that the current 18-month delay period may be too long to
make Historic TRACE Data useful. Most subscribers to Historic TRACE
Data have been vendors and research firms; there have been very few
member subscribers due to the length of the delay.
(b) Regulatory Objective
The proposed shorter delay period for Historic TRACE Data aims to
increase the utility of Historic TRACE Data for market participants and
others, thereby promoting the goal of increased transparency for TRACE-
Eligible Securities.
(c) Economic Impacts
FINRA's existing Historic TRACE Data product provides transaction-
level data on an 18-month delayed basis for all transactions that have
been reported to TRACE in the classes of TRACE-Eligible Securities that
currently are disseminated. As detailed above, FINRA is proposing to
reduce the delay period for the Historic TRACE Data Sets relating to
Corporate and Agency Debt securities from 18 months to six months.
The proposed rule change would expand the benefits of FINRA's TRACE
initiatives by increasing the utility of the Corporate and Agency
Historic TRACE Data Sets to market participants, as the proposed
reduction in the delay period to six months would make the data more
useful.
The proposed rule change will not have any operational impact on
firms, as the proposal does not require firms to provide FINRA with any
additional data. The purchase of TRACE data products will continue to
be optional for members and others. However, FINRA considered the
potential for indirect costs regarding possible information leakage due
to the reduction in the delay period applicable to the Corporate and
Agency Historic TRACE Data Sets from 18 months to six months. To
address those concerns and investigate whether the reduction in the
delay period poses a risk for reverse engineering of positions, FINRA
analyzed daily positions in 12,087 corporate and 10,109 agency bonds,
that were issued between March 6, 2012 and February 5, 2014, by using
trades between February 6, 2012 and February 5, 2016 that were reported
to TRACE by 1,509 market participants.\13\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\13\ Historic TRACE Data does not include a ``List or Fixed
Offering Price Transaction'' or ``Takedown Transaction,'' as defined
in Rule 6710.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Figure 1 depicts the average number of days it takes to reverse
\14\ corporate bond positions and the average position size in the
sample.\15\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\14\ To ``reverse'' a position means entering into a trade on
the opposite side of a position that flattens or reverses the
position. For example, if long in a specific bond, a reversal would
entail a sell trade in an amount that is equal to or greater than
the amount of the original position.
\15\ Positions that are created in the last six months of the
sample period are not included in the sample to prevent a bias in
the results.
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TN22MY17.020
2,230,676, or approximately 74.5%, of the 2,992,946 daily corporate
bond positions in the sample were reversed on the same day (number of
days = 0). The average size of the positions in this category was
approximately $0.8 million per CUSIP. 21.9% of the trades were reversed
between one and 180 days. These trades had an average size of between
$1.4 and $2.0 million. The remaining positions, approximately 3.6% of
the sample, were reversed after 180 days (i.e., remained open for
longer than 180 days). FINRA notes that the vast majority,
approximately 79.2%, of
[[Page 23388]]
the positions in this category were still open at the end of our sample
period (February 5, 2016). The positions that remained open for more
than 180 days had an average size of $2.1 million.\16\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\16\ The difference in the average size of positions that
reversed after 180 days ($2.1 million) and positions that were
reversed within 180 days ($0.9 million) is statistically significant
at conventional levels.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
642 CUSIPs only had positions that were reversed after 180 days
from acquisition. Another 1,402 CUSIPs only had positions that were
reversed within 180 days. The remaining 10,043 CUSIPs had both
positions that were reversed within 180 days and positions that were
reversed after 180 days from acquisition.
FINRA believes that the risk of reverse engineering would be higher
for the 642 CUSIPs that only had positions that were still open after
180 days. These CUSIPs were for significantly smaller issues (average
issuance amount of approximately $38 million) than the rest of the
CUSIPs (an average issuance amount of approximately $315 million).
These 642 CUSIPs had an average of seven trades per CUSIP over the
sample period, compared to 1,306 trades per CUSIP for the rest of the
sample. These CUSIPs also were traded by fewer market participants, an
average of 1.3, compared to an average of 42 market participants for
the remaining 11,445 CUSIPs. There were only 862 positions in those 642
CUSIPs, with relatively large balances as a proportion to the issuance
size, with an average balance-to-issuance size of 32.5%, compared to
0.3% for the remaining CUSIPs. Approximately 15% of the 862 positions
were reversed between six and 18 months of acquisition, implying that
the reduction in dissemination delay would impact a small portion of
the holdings in the sample. This would suggest that the proposed rule,
if it had been in place, would have provided little additional
information to the public relative to these positions.
These figures suggest that only a small portion of the corporate
positions in the sample are reversed after 180 days of acquisitions.
Moreover, only a few CUSIPs had positions with holding periods of more
than 180 days, while such positions consisted of less than 0.02% of all
daily corporate bond positions in the sample.
Figure 2 depicts the average number of days it takes to reverse
agency bond positions and the average position size in the sample.
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TN22MY17.021
Of the 425,823 daily agency bond positions, 317,447, or
approximately 74.5%, of the sample were reversed on the same day
(number of days = 0). The average size of the positions in this
category was approximately $2.5 million per CUSIP. Another 18.0% of the
trades were reversed between one and 180 days. These trades had an
average size of between $4.4 and $5.2 million. The remaining positions,
approximately 7.4% of the sample, were still open for more than 180
days. Approximately 92.4%, of the positions in this category were still
open at the end of our sample period.\17\ The positions that remained
open for more than 180 days had an average size of $13.2 million.\18\
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\17\ FINRA staff also notes that approximately 93.3% of the open
agency bond positions in the sample were open for more than 180 days
as of February 5, 2016.
\18\ The difference in the average size of positions that
reversed after 180 days ($13.2 million) and positions that are
reversed within 180 days ($2.8 million) is statistically significant
at conventional levels.
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764 CUSIPs only had positions that were reversed after 180 days
from acquisition. Another 497 CUSIPs only had positions that were
reversed within 180 days. The remaining 8,848 CUSIPs had both positions
that were reversed within 180 days and positions that were reversed
after 180 days from acquisition.
The 764 CUSIPs with positions that were reversed after 180 days
were slightly smaller issues (an average issuance amount of
approximately $110 million) than the rest of the CUSIPs (an average
issuance amount of approximately $125 million). These 764 CUSIPs had an
average of 1.7 trades per CUSIP over the sample period, compared to 175
trades per CUSIP for the rest of the sample. These CUSIPs also were
traded by fewer market participants, an average of 1.1, compared to an
average of 22 market participants for the remaining 9,345 CUSIPs (497 +
8,848) for positions that were reversed both within and after 180 days
of acquisition. There were 816 positions in those 764 CUSIPS, with
relatively larger balances (but not as large as those for corporate
bonds) as a proportion to the issuance size, with an average balance-
to-issuance size of 2.1%, compared to 0.2% for the rest of
[[Page 23389]]
the position balances (425,007) in the rest of the CUSIPs.
Approximately 1% of the 816 positions were reversed between six and 18
months of acquisition, implying that the reduction in dissemination
delay would impact a very small portion of the holdings in the agency
bond sample.
These figures suggest that only a small portion of the agency bond
positions in the sample were reversed after 180 days of acquisition.
Moreover, only a few CUSIPs related to positions with holding periods
longer than 180 days, while such positions consisted of less than 0.02%
of all daily agency bond positions in the sample.
Based on the empirical evidence in the sample period, FINRA notes
that information leakage, due to the reduction in the delay period
applicable to the Corporate and Agency Historic TRACE Data Sets from 18
months to six months is a limited risk for smaller issues that are held
by a limited number of market participants. As noted above, such issues
are, on average, traded very infrequently. As such, the information
leakage associated with these issues may be of limited use to market
participants. To the extent that such market participants choose not to
trade these issues as a result of the proposed dissemination delay,
some CUSIPs may experience a decrease in liquidity.
C. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement on Comments on the Proposed
Rule Change Received From Members, Participants, or Others
The proposed rule change was published for comment in Regulatory
Notice 15-24 (June 2015). Four comment letters were received in
response to the Notice.\19\ A copy of the Notice is attached as Exhibit
2a. The list of the commenters is attached as Exhibit 2b. Copies of the
comment letters received in response to the Notice are attached as
Exhibit 2c.
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\19\ See Letter from Sean Davy, Managing Director, Securities
Industry and Financial Markets Association, to Maria E. Asquith,
Corporate Secretary, FINRA, dated August 24, 2015 (``SIFMA'');
letter from Michael Nicholas, CEO, Bond Dealers of America, to Maria
E. Asquith, Corporate Secretary, FINRA, dated August 24, 2015
(``BDA''); letter from Luis Palacios, Director of Research Services,
The Wharton School, to Maria E. Asquith, Corporate Secretary, FINRA,
dated September 10, 2015 (``Wharton''); and letter from Carrie
Devorah, Founder, The Center for Copyrights Integrity, to Maria E.
Asquith, Corporate Secretary, FINRA, dated September 14, 2015
(``CCI'').
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SIFMA, BDA and Wharton supported the proposed reduction in the
delay period for Historic TRACE Data from 18 months to six months.
SIFMA noted that, if certain TRACE-Eligible Securities (not currently
subject to dissemination) became subject to dissemination--i.e., CMOs,
CMBSs and CDOs, FINRA should consider potential information leakage and
liquidity issues for such securities prior to including them in
Historic TRACE Data with a six-month, reduced delay. SIFMA suggested a
phased-in approach to incorporating this subset of TRACE-Eligible
Securities that would begin with an 18-month delay and that,
ultimately, is reduced to six months once these products are subject to
public dissemination. In response to this comment, and as discussed in
Section II.A.1. of this filing, FINRA has revised the proposal to
reduce the 18-month delay period to six months only for the Historic
Corporate and Agency Data; the Historic SP Data Set will continue to be
subject to an 18-month delay. FINRA will consider whether reducing the
18-month delay period for the Historic SP Data Set is appropriate once
all SPs have become subject to dissemination.\20\
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\20\ See supra note 6.
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CCI did not support the proposal and, among other things, raised
privacy concerns, and stated that any data transmitted online has no
privacy.\21\ FINRA notes that the Historic TRACE Data product consists
of security-focused transaction information, not customer information,
and generally is available to any professional or non-professional
party that subscribes, executes appropriate agreements and pays the
applicable fee. In addition, while Historic TRACE Data includes delayed
information for transactions that were not disseminated previously, the
vast majority of the data included already has been disseminated
publicly. Thus, in the unprecedented event of a breach involving
Historic TRACE Data, FINRA does not believe this would present a harm
to FINRA members or the market.
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\21\ CCI also raised other issues that are not germane to the
proposed reduction of the delay period for Historic TRACE Data and
that, therefore, are not addressed herein.
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III. Date of Effectiveness of the Proposed Rule Change and Timing for
Commission Action
Within 45 days of the date of publication of this notice in the
Federal Register or within such longer period (i) as the Commission may
designate up to 90 days of such date if it finds such longer period to
be appropriate and publishes its reasons for so finding or (ii) as to
which the self-regulatory organization consents, the Commission will:
(A) By order approve or disapprove such proposed rule change, or
(B) institute proceedings to determine whether the proposed rule
change should be disapproved.
IV. Solicitation of Comments
Interested persons are invited to submit written data, views and
arguments concerning the foregoing, including whether the proposed rule
change is consistent with the Act. Comments may be submitted by any of
the following methods:
Electronic Comments
Use the Commission's Internet comment form (https://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml); or
Send an email to rule-comments@sec.gov. Please include
File Number SR-FINRA-2017-012 on the subject line.
Paper Comments
Send paper comments in triplicate to Secretary, Securities
and Exchange Commission, 100 F Street NE., Washington, DC 20549-1090.
All submissions should refer to File Number SR-FINRA-2017-012. This
file number should be included on the subject line if email is used. To
help the Commission process and review your comments more efficiently,
please use only one method. The Commission will post all comments on
the Commission's Internet Web site (https://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml). Copies of the submission, all subsequent amendments, all
written statements with respect to the proposed rule change that are
filed with the Commission, and all written communications relating to
the proposed rule change between the Commission and any person, other
than those that may be withheld from the public in accordance with the
provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be available for Web site viewing and
printing in the Commission's Public Reference Room, 100 F Street NE.,
Washington, DC 20549, on official business days between the hours of 10
a.m. and 3 p.m. Copies of such filing also will be available for
inspection and copying at the principal office of FINRA. All comments
received will be posted without change; the Commission does not edit
personal identifying information from submissions. You should submit
only information that you wish to make available publicly. All
submissions should refer to File Number SR-FINRA-2017-012 and should be
submitted on or before June 12, 2017.
[[Page 23390]]
For the Commission, by the Division of Trading and Markets,
pursuant to delegated authority.\22\
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\22\ 17 CFR 200.30-3(a)(12).
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Eduardo A. Aleman,
Assistant Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2017-10307 Filed 5-19-17; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011-01-P