Self-Regulatory Organizations; Fixed Income Clearing Corporation; Notice of No Objection To Advance Notice Filing To Establish the Centrally Cleared Institutional Triparty Service and Make Other Changes, 20652-20656 [2017-08903]
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20652
Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 84 / Wednesday, May 3, 2017 / Notices
(4) The issuer of a series of Managed
Fund Shares will be required to comply
with Rule 10A–3 under the Act for the
initial and continued listing of Managed
Fund Shares, as provided under the IEX
Rule Series 14.400;
(5) The Exchange, on a periodic basis
and no less than annually, will review
issues of Managed Fund Shares
generically listed pursuant to Rule
16.135 and will provide a report to the
Regulatory Oversight Committee of the
Exchange’s Board of Directors regarding
the Exchange’s findings;
(6) The Exchange will provide the
Commission staff with a report each
calendar quarter that includes the
following information for issues of
Managed Fund Shares listed during
such calendar quarter under Rule
16.135(b)(1): (a) Trading symbol and
date of listing on the Exchange; (b) the
number of active authorized
participants and a description of any
failure of an issue of Managed Fund
Shares or of an authorized participant to
deliver shares, cash, or cash and
financial instruments in connection
with creation or redemption orders; and
(c) a description of any failure of an
issue of Managed Fund Shares to
comply with Rule 16.135;
(7) Prior to listing pursuant to
proposed Rule 16.135(b)(1), an issuer
would be required to represent to the
Exchange that it will advise the
Exchange of any failure by a series of
Managed Fund Shares to comply with
the continued listing requirements;
(8) Pursuant to its obligations under
Section 19(g)(1) of the Act, the Exchange
will monitor for compliance with the
continued listing requirements; and
(9) If a managed fund is not in
compliance with the applicable listing
requirements, the Exchange will
commence delisting procedures under
IEX Rule Series 14.500.
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This approval order is based on all of
the Exchange’s representations,
including those set forth above and in
Amendment No. 1. For the foregoing
reasons, the Commission finds that the
proposed rule change, as modified by
Amendment No. 1, is consistent with
Section 6(b)(5) of the Act 27 and the
rules and regulations thereunder
applicable to a national securities
exchange.
and expenses, as described in the applicable
registration statement, and will discuss any
exemptive, no-action, and interpretive relief granted
by the Commission from any rules under the Act.
Further, the Circular will disclose that the net asset
value for the Managed Fund Shares will be
calculated after 4 p.m., ET, each trading day.
27 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).
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IV. Accelerated Approval of
Amendment No. 1
As noted above, in Amendment No. 1,
the Exchange proposed to adopt certain
continued listing requirements for
Managed Fund Shares. The Commission
believes that the changes to the
Managed Fund Shares listing standard
proposed in Amendment No. 1: (1)
Clarify how the Exchange will interpret
and administer its listing requirements;
(2) make Managed Fund Shares listed
on the Exchange less susceptible to
manipulation by adding the firewall
provision discussed above; and (3)
enhance consistency between the
Exchange’s Managed Fund Shares
listing criteria and the requirements for
Managed Fund Shares recently adopted
by other national securities exchanges.
Accordingly, the Commission finds
good cause, pursuant to Section 19(b)(2)
of the Act, to approve the proposed rule
change, as modified by Amendment No.
1, on an accelerated basis.
V. Solicitation of Comments on
Amendment No. 1
Interested persons are invited to
submit written data, views, and
arguments concerning whether
Amendment No. 1 is consistent with the
Act. Comments may be submitted by
any of the following methods:
provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be
available for Web site viewing and
printing in the Commission’s Public
Reference Room, 100 F Street NE.,
Washington, DC 20549, on official
business days between the hours of
10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. Copies of the
filing also will be available for
inspection and copying at the principal
office of the Exchange. All comments
received will be posted without change;
the Commission does not edit personal
identifying information from
submissions. You should submit only
information that you wish to make
available publicly. All submissions
should refer to File Number SR–IEX–
2017–03 and should be submitted on or
before May 24, 2017.
VI. Conclusion
It is therefore ordered, pursuant to
Section 19(b)(2) of the Act,28 that the
proposed rule change (SR–IEX–2017–
03), as modified by Amendment No. 1,
be, and it hereby is, approved on an
accelerated basis.29
For the Commission, by the Division of
Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated
authority.
Eduardo A. Aleman,
Assistant Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2017–08902 Filed 5–2–17; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
Electronic Comments
• Use the Commission’s Internet
comment form (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml); or
• Send an email to rule-comments@
sec.gov. Please include File Number SR–
IEX–2017–03 on the subject line.
Paper Comments
• Send paper comments in triplicate
to Brent J. Fields, Secretary, Securities
and Exchange Commission, 100 F Street
NE., Washington, DC 20549–1090.
All submissions should refer to File
Number SR–IEX–2017–03. This file
number should be included on the
subject line if email is used. To help the
Commission process and review your
comments more efficiently, please use
only one method. The Commission will
post all comments on the Commission’s
Internet Web site (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml). Copies of the
submission, all subsequent
amendments, all written statements
with respect to the proposed rule
change that are filed with the
Commission, and all written
communications relating to the
proposed rule change between the
Commission and any person, other than
those that may be withheld from the
public in accordance with the
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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
[Release No. 34–80546; File No. SR–FICC–
2017–803]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; Fixed
Income Clearing Corporation; Notice of
No Objection To Advance Notice Filing
To Establish the Centrally Cleared
Institutional Triparty Service and Make
Other Changes
April 27, 2017.
On March 9, 2017, Fixed Income
Clearing Corporation (‘‘FICC’’) filed
with the Securities and Exchange
Commission (‘‘Commission’’) advance
notice SR–FICC–2017–803 (‘‘Advance
Notice’’) pursuant to Section 806(e)(1) of
the Payment, Clearing, and Settlement
Supervision Act of 2010 (‘‘Clearing
Supervision Act’’) 1 and Rule 19b–
28 15
U.S.C. 78s(b)(2).
CFR 200.30–3(a)(12).
1 12 U.S.C. 5465(e)(1). The Financial Stability
Oversight Council designated FICC a systemically
important financial market utility on July 18, 2012.
Financial Stability Oversight Council 2012 Annual
Report, Appendix A, https://www.treasury.gov/
initiatives/fsoc/Documents/
2012%20Annual%20Report.pdf. Therefore, FICC is
required to comply with the Clearing Supervision
Act and file advance notices with the Commission.
12 U.S.C. 5465(e).
29 17
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Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 84 / Wednesday, May 3, 2017 / Notices
4(n)(1)(i) 2 under the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 (‘‘Exchange
Act’’).3 The Advance Notice was
published for comment in the Federal
Register on April 7, 2017.4 Although the
Commission received no comments to
the Advance Notice, it received one
comment letter 5 to the Proposed Rule
Change in support of the proposal.6 This
publication serves as notice that the
Commission does not object to the
changes set forth in the Advance Notice.
I. Description of the Advance Notice
Repurchase agreement (‘‘repo’’)
transactions involve the sale of
securities along with an agreement to
repurchase the securities on a later date.
Bilateral repo transactions involve a
cash lender (e.g., a money market
mutual fund, pension fund, or other
entity with funds available for lending)
and a cash borrower (typically a brokerdealer, hedge fund, or other entity
seeking to finance securities that can be
used to collateralize the loan). In the
opening leg of the repo transaction, the
cash borrower receives cash in exchange
for securities equal in value to the
amount of cash received, plus a haircut.
In the closing leg of the repo
transaction, the cash borrower pays back
the cash plus interest in exchange for
the securities posted as collateral. In triparty repo transactions, a clearing bank
tri-party agent provides to both the cash
lender and the cash borrower certain
operational, custodial, collateral
valuation, and other services to facilitate
the repo transactions. For example, the
tri-party agent may facilitate and record
the exchange of cash and securities on
a book-entry basis for each of the
counterparties to the repo transaction,
as well as effectuating the collection and
transfer of collateral that may be
2 17
CFR 240.19b–4(n)(1)(i).
U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
4 Securities Exchange Act Release No. 80361
(April 3, 2017), 82 FR 17053 (April 7, 2017) (SR–
FICC–2017–803) (‘‘Notice’’). FICC also filed a
proposed rule change with the Commission
pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the Exchange Act
and Rule 19b–4 thereunder, seeking approval of
changes to its rules necessary to implement the
proposal. 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1) and 17 CFR 240.19b–
4, respectively. The proposed rule change was
published for comment in the Federal Register on
March 30, 2017. Securities Exchange Act Release
No. 80303 (March 24, 2017), 82 FR 15749 (March
30, 2017) (SR–FICC–2017–803).
5 See letter from Thomas Wipf, Chief Financial
Officer, Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, dated April 19,
2017, to Eduardo A. Aleman, Assistant Secretary,
Commission, available at https://www.sec.gov/
comments/sr-ficc-2017-005/ficc2017005.htm.
6 Because the proposal contained in the Advance
Notice was also filed as the Proposed Rule Change,
see supra note 3, the Commission is considering
any comment received on the Proposed Rule
Change also to be a comment on the Advance
Notice.
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required under the terms of the repo
transaction. Cash lenders use tri-party
repos as investments that offer liquidity
maximization, principal protection, and
a small positive return, while cash
borrowers rely on them as a major
source of short-term funding.7
FICC currently provides central
clearing to a segment of the tri-party
repo market through its general
collateral finance repo service (‘‘GCF
Repo ® Service’’).8 The GCF Repo
Service is available to sell-side entities,
such as dealers, that enter into tri-party
repo transactions, in GCF Repo
Securities, with each other.9
The Advance Notice is a proposal by
FICC to broaden the pool of entities that
would be eligible to submit tri-party
repo transactions for central clearing at
FICC. Specifically, FICC proposes to
amend its Government Securities
Division (‘‘GSD’’) Rulebook (‘‘GSD
Rules’’) 10 to establish the ‘‘Centrally
Cleared Institutional Tri-Party Service’’
or the ‘‘CCITTM Service.’’ 11 The
proposed CCIT Service would allow the
submission of tri-party repo transactions
in GCF Repo Securities between GSD
Netting Members 12 that participate in
the GCF Repo Service and institutional
counterparties (other than registered
investment companies (‘‘RICs’’) under
the Investment Company Act of 1940, as
amended),13 where the institutional
7 See Federal Reserve Bank of New York, TriParty Repo Infrastructure Reform, https://
www.newyorkfed.org/banking/tpr_infr_reform.html
(last visited Mar. 6, 2017).
8 The term ‘‘GCF Repo’’ is a registered trademark
of FICC. The GCF Repo Service is a service offered
by FICC to compare, net, and settle general
collateral repos. Notice, 82 FR at 17053.
9 GCF Repo Securities are securities issued or
guaranteed by the United States, a U.S. government
agency or instrumentality, a U.S. governmentsponsored corporation (or otherwise approved by
FICC’s Board of Directors), and such securities are
only eligible for submission to FICC in connection
with the comparison, netting and/or settlement of
repo transactions involving generic CUSIP numbers
(i.e., identifying numbers established for a category
of securities, as opposed to a specific security).
Notice, 82 FR at 17053.
10 Available at https://www.dtcc.com/legal/rulesand-procedures.
11 CCIT is a trademark of The Depository Trust &
Clearing Corporation, of which FICC is a subsidiary.
FICC defines ‘‘Centrally Cleared Institutional TriParty Service’’ and ‘‘CCIT Service’’ as ‘‘the service
offered by the Corporation to clear institutional triparty repurchase agreement transactions, as more
fully described in Rule 3B.’’ Proposed GSD Rule 1,
Definitions.
12 The term ‘‘Netting Member’’ is defined as a
member of FICC’s Comparison System (i.e., the
system of reporting, validating, and matching the
long and short sides of securities trades to ensure
that the details of such trades are in agreement
between the parties) and FICC’s Netting System
(i.e., the system for aggregating and matching
offsetting obligations resulting from trades). GSD
Rules, supra note 8.
13 15 U.S.C. 80a–1 et seq. According to FICC, the
legal ability of such registered investment
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20653
counterparties are the cash lenders in
the transactions.
To effectuate the proposed CCIT
Service, FICC proposes to create a new
limited service membership category in
GSD for institutional cash lenders.
These new members would be referred
to as CCIT members, and the GSD
membership provisions that apply to the
CCIT members would be addressed in
proposed GSD Rule 3B. These new
membership provisions include: 14
• Membership eligibility criteria,
including minimum financial
requirements, operational capabilities,
and opinions of counsel;
• joint account ownership, in which
one authorized entity would act as agent
for two or more CCIT Members;
• membership application processes,
including document provision and
disclosure requirements, operational
testing requirements, reporting
requirements, FATCA compliance
certification requirements,15 and the
procedures for denying membership;
• membership agreement terms
describing rights and obligations;
• procedures for the voluntary
termination of CCIT membership; and
• ongoing membership requirements,
including (i) annual financial and other
disclosure requirements; (ii) operational
testing requirements and related
reporting requirements; (iii) notification
of GSD rule non-compliance; (iv)
penalties for GSD rule non-compliance;
(v) mandatory assurances in the event
that FICC has reason to believe a
member may fall into GSD rule noncompliance; (vi) requirements to comply
with applicable tax, money laundering,
and sanctions laws; (vii) audit
provisions allowing FICC to access
relevant books and records; and (viii)
financial/operational monitoring.
In addition to membership provisions,
proposed Rule 3B also would set forth
the applicable risk management
provision relating to the new limited
companies to participate in the proposed CCIT
Service is uncertain in light of applicable regulatory
requirements under the Investment Company Act of
1940 (including, for example, liquid asset
requirements and counterparty diversification
requirements).
14 For additional discussion of the membership
provisions set forth in proposed GSD Rule 3B, see
also Notice, 82 FR at 17054–64.
15 FATCA is the Foreign Account Tax
Compliance Act, 26 U.S.C. 1471 et seq. FATCA
compliance means that an ‘‘. . . FFI [foreign
financial institution] Member has qualified under
such procedures promulgated by the Internal
Revenue Service . . . to establish exemption from
withholding under FATCA such that [FICC] would
not be required to withhold [anything] under
FATCA . . . . ’’ GSD Rules 1, supra note 3.
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service membership category,
including: 16
• Non-mutualized loss allocation
obligations of CCIT members, including
FICC’s perfected security interest in
each CCIT member’s underlying repo
securities;
• a rules-based committed liquidity
facility for CCIT members, in which
CCIT members that have outstanding
CCIT transactions with a defaulting
member would be required to enter into
CCIT master repurchase agreement
transactions with FICC for specified
periods of time;
• uncommitted liquidity repos
between CCIT members and FICC; and
• application of certain other GSD
Rules (e.g., comparison, netting,
settlement, default, and other applicable
provisions) to CCIT members and
transactions.
In addition to the proposed changes to
the GSD Rules related to the proposed
CCIT Service, the Advance Notice also
contains other changes to the GSD
Rules, unrelated to the CCIT proposal.
These non-CCIT related changes
generally are intended to update the
GSD Rules and provide additional
specificity, clarity, and transparency for
members that rely on them.17 These
non-CCIT related proposed rule changes
include the following:
• Clarifying that Comparison-Only
Members must conform to FICC’s
operational conditions and
requirements; 18
• clarifying the point of time in
which a member is required to notify
FICC that the member is no longer in
compliance with a relevant membership
qualification and standard;
• providing that a member’s written
notice of its membership termination is
not effective until accepted by FICC;
• requiring all GCF Repo transactions
to be fully collateralized by 9:00 a.m.
New York Time;
• prohibiting a member that receives
collateral in the GCF Repo process from
16 For additional discussion of the risk
management provisions set forth in proposed GSD
Rule 3B, see also Notice, 82 FR at 17055–64.
17 For additional description and explanation of
the non-CCIT-related changes included in the
Advance Notice, see Notice, 82 FR at 17054–64.
18 GSD Members may be either Comparison-Only
Members or Netting Members. Comparison-Only
Members are members of the GSD Comparison
System, which is the GSD system for reporting,
validating, and in some cases, matching of
securities trades. Netting Members are members of
both the GSD Comparison System and the GSD
Netting System, which is the GSD system for
aggregating and matching offsetting obligations
resulting from securities trades. Pursuant to GSD
Rule 2A, FICC may require an entity to be a
Comparison-Only Member for a period of time
(during which FICC assess the entity’s operational
soundness) before the entity becomes eligible to
apply for netting membership.
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withdrawing the securities or cash
collateral received;
• specifying the steps that members
must take in the event of FICC’s default
so that FICC may determine the net
amount owed by or to each member;
• reflecting FICC’s current practice of
annual study and evaluation of FICC’s
internal accounting control system; and
• correcting several grammatical and
out-of-date cross-references.
In addition to the proposed changes
listed above, the Advance Notice also
includes a proposal for a non-CCIT
related rule change that would provide
FICC with access to the books and
records of a RIC Netting Member’s
controlling management. The change is
intended to enable FICC to determine
whether the RIC has sufficient financial
resources and monitor compliance with
FICC’s financial requirements on an
ongoing basis.
II. Discussion of Commission Findings
Although the Clearing Supervision
Act does not specify a standard of
review for an advance notice, its stated
purpose is instructive: To mitigate
systemic risk in the financial system
and promote financial stability by,
among other things, promoting uniform
risk management standards for
systemically important financial market
utilities and strengthening the liquidity
of systemically important financial
market utilities.19 Section 805(a)(2) of
the Clearing Supervision Act authorizes
the Commission to prescribe risk
management standards for the payment,
clearing, and settlement activities of
designated clearing entities and
financial institutions engaged in
designated activities for which it is the
Supervisory Agency or the appropriate
financial regulator.20 Section 805(b) of
the Clearing Supervision Act 21 states
that the objectives and principles for the
risk management standards prescribed
under Section 805(a) shall be to:
• Promote robust risk management;
• promote safety and soundness;
• reduce systemic risks; and
• support the stability of the broader
financial system.
The Commission has adopted risk
management standards under Section
805(a)(2) of the Clearing Supervision
Act 22 and Section 17A of the Exchange
Act (‘‘Clearing Agency Standards’’).23
The Clearing Agency Standards require
registered clearing agencies to establish,
implement, maintain, and enforce
19 12
U.S.C. 5461(b).
U.S.C. 5464(a)(2).
21 12 U.S.C. 5464(b).
22 12 U.S.C. 5464(a)(2).
23 See 17 CFR 240.17Ad–22.
20 12
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written policies and procedures that are
reasonably designed to meet certain
minimum requirements for their
operations and risk management
practices on an ongoing basis.24
Therefore, it is appropriate for the
Commission to review proposed
changes in advance notices against the
objectives and principles of these risk
management standards as described in
Section 805(b) of the Clearing
Supervision Act and in the Clearing
Agency Standards.25
A. Consistency With Section 805(b) of
the Clearing Supervision Act
As discussed below, the Commission
believes that the changes proposed in
the Advance Notice are consistent with
Section 805(b) of the Clearing
Supervision Act because they (i) are
designed to reduce systemic risk, (ii) are
designed to support the stability of the
financial system, (iii) are designed to
promote robust risk management, and
(iv) are consistent with promoting safety
and soundness.
When considering the CCIT Service in
its entirety, the Commission believes
that the proposal could help to reduce
systemic risk presented by FICC and a
tri-party repo market member default,
which in turn could help support the
stability of the broader financial system.
The CCIT Service would make the riskreducing benefits of central clearing
available to a wider range of types of
repo transactions while at the same time
ensuring that FICC is able to effectively
manage the additional financial risk
exposure. For example, as described
above, the CCIT Service would enable a
greater number of tri-party repo
transactions to be eligible for netting
and subject to guaranteed settlement,
novation, and independent risk
management through FICC, which
would help decrease the settlement and
operational risk of such transactions
relative to those made outside of FICC,
enhancing the stability of the tri-party
repo market. Furthermore, by providing
central clearing to a greater number of
tri-party repo transactions, the CCIT
Service would permit FICC to centralize
and control the liquidation of a greater
number of such positions in the event
of a Netting Member’s default, which in
turn would help protect against the risk
that an uncoordinated liquidation of the
positions by multiple counterparties to
a defaulting firm would cause a fire sale
that destabilizes the broader financial
system. Therefore, the Commission
believes that the CCIT Service would
help reduce systemic risks and support
24 Id.
25 12
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U.S.C. 5464(b).
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the stability of the financial system,
consistent with Section 805(b) of the
Clearing Supervision Act.
The Commission also believes that the
CCIT Service designed by FICC is
consistent with promoting robust risk
management and safety and soundness
at FICC and to the tri-party repo market.
The CCIT Service includes certain risk
management tools that facilitate FICC’s
management of credit, market, and
liquidity risk arising from becoming a
central counterparty to the new repo
positions coming in via CCIT. For
example, the CCIT Service would
provide FICC with a perfected security
interest in the underlying repo
securities of a CCIT transaction and a
built-in liquidity resource to support
CCIT Service liquidity demands in the
form of repo transactions under the
CCIT Master Repurchase Agreement
(‘‘CCIT MRA’’).26 Each of these elements
of the CCIT Service would help FICC
manage certain risks presented by the
potential default of a CCIT member.
Specifically, the perfected security
interest would enable FICC, in the event
of a Netting Member’s default, to access
the defaulter’s collateral for the
purposes of managing potential risks,
such as credit risk, that may arise from
the default.
In addition, the CCIT Service would
enable FICC to manage instances where
a default results in liquidity demands
for FICC within the CCIT Service that
exceed the level of financial resources
FICC might otherwise have on hand
(such as the defaulter’s collateral) at the
time of the default by requiring CCIT
Members to engage in repo transactions
to provide cash as a liquidity resource
in such instances. In addition to the risk
management tools described above, the
CCIT Service also would establish
initial and ongoing financial
responsibility and operational capacity
requirements for CCIT members, as well
as requirements that would be
applicable to Netting Members with
respect to their participation in the
proposed CCIT Service. Collectively,
these requirements would enable FICC
to monitor the likelihood of a CCIT
member default and limit its
counterparty risk by (i) ensuring that
FICC only takes on exposure to entities
that are creditworthy counterparties;
and (ii) enabling FICC to monitor the
ongoing capability of these members to
perform their obligations to FICC. For
these reasons, the Commission believes
that the CCIT Service would help
promote robust risk management and
safety and soundness at FICC, consistent
with Section 805(b) of the Clearing
Supervision Act.
In addition, the Commission believes
that the CCIT Service is consistent with
promoting robust risk management and
safety and soundness to the tri-party
repo market. As discussed above, the
CCIT Service would make the riskreducing benefits of central clearing
available to a wider range of types of
repo transactions, which would help
decrease the settlement and operational
risk of such transactions when made
outside of FICC and thereby enhance
stability for the tri-party repo market.
Furthermore, the CCIT Service would
enable a greater number of tri-party repo
transactions to be subject to FICC’s
ability, in the event of a Netting
Member’s default, to centralize and
control the liquidation of such positions
at FICC, which in turn would help
protect the tri-party repo market against
the risk that a liquidation of the
positions would cause a fire sale that
destabilizes the broader financial
system. Therefore, the Commission
believes that the CCIT Service would
help promote robust risk management
and safety and soundness to the triparty repo market, consistent with
Section 805(b) of the Clearing
Supervision Act.
B. Consistency With Rules 17Ad–
22(e)(1), (e)(4), and (e)(18)
The Commission believes that the
changes proposed in the Advance
Notice are consistent with Rule 17Ad–
22(e)(1) under the Act.27 Rule 17Ad–
22(e)(1) requires, in part, that FICC
‘‘establish, implement, maintain and
enforce written policies and procedures
reasonably designed to . . . [p]rovide
for a well-founded, clear, transparent
and enforceable legal basis for each
aspect of its activities.’’ 28 As described
above, FICC proposes a number of
changes that are unrelated to the
proposed CCIT Service and designed to
make the GSD Rules more clear,
consistent, and current for members that
rely on them. The Commission believes
that these non-CCIT related changes
could make FICC’s policies and
procedures in the GSD Rules more clear,
consistent, and transparent for members
that rely on them, and therefore believes
that the proposed changes would help
support FICC’s rules being clear and
transparent, consistent with Rule 17Ad–
22(e)(1), cited above.
The Commission believes that the
changes proposed in the Advance
Notice are consistent with Rule 17Ad–
22(e)(4)(iii) under the Act.29 Rule 17Ad–
22(e)(4)(iii) requires, in part, that FICC
‘‘establish, implement, maintain and
enforce written policies and procedures
reasonably designed to . . . [e]ffectively
identify, measure, monitor, and manage
its credit exposures to participants and
those arising from [FICC’s] payment,
clearing, and settlement processes,
including by . . . maintaining . . .
financial resources at the minimum to
enable [FICC] to cover a wide range of
stress scenarios. . . .’’ 30 As discussed
above, the CCIT Service includes risk
management tools, such as the perfected
security interest and the CCIT MRA
liquidity resource. The Commission
believes that these risk management
tools would help facilitate FICC’s
management of credit, market, and
liquidity risk that would arise from
becoming a central counterparty to the
new repo positions coming in via the
proposed CCIT Service. Accordingly,
the Commission believes that the
proposed changes to its policies and
procedures in the GSD Rules are
designed to help effectively manage
FICC’s exposure, including its credit
exposure to participants, arising from its
payment, clearing, and settlement
processes for the proposed CCIT
transactions by providing for financial
resources to help cover a wide range of
foreseeable stress scenarios, consistent
with Rule 17Ad–22(e)(4)(iii), cited
above.
The Commission also believes that the
proposal is consistent with Rule 17Ad–
22(e)(18) under the Act.31 Rule 17Ad–
22(e)(18) requires, in part, that FICC
‘‘establish, implement, maintain and
enforce written policies and procedures
reasonably designed to . . . [e]stablish
objective, risk-based, and publicly
disclosed criteria for participation,
which . . . require participants to have
sufficient financial resources and robust
operational capacity to meet obligations
arising from participation in the clearing
agency, and monitor compliance with
such participation requirements on an
ongoing basis.’’ 32
In connection with the establishment
of the proposed CCIT Service, FICC
would include provisions in the GSD
rules to incorporate membership
standards, requiring, for example,
ongoing financial responsibility and
operational capacity requirements, as
well as the requirements that would be
applicable to Netting Members with
respect to their participation in the
proposed CCIT Service. The
29 17
CFR 240.17Ad–22(e)(4)(iii).
30 Id.
26 For additional details regarding the CCIT MRA,
see Notice, 82 FR at 17060–61.
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27 17
CFR 240.17Ad–22(e)(2).
28 Id.
PO 00000
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31 17
CFR 240.17Ad–22(e)(18).
32 Id.
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Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 84 / Wednesday, May 3, 2017 / Notices
Commission believes that, by
incorporating such requirements, FICC
would establish in its policies and
procedures objective, risk-based, and
publicly disclosed criteria for
participation in the CCIT Service,
consistent with Rule 17Ad–22(e)(18).
Similarly, in connection with the
proposed non-CCIT related change to
provide FICC with access to the books
and records of a RIC Netting Member’s
controlling management, FICC would be
authorized to review the financial
information of the RIC. Because this
would enable FICC to determine
whether the RIC has sufficient financial
resources and monitor compliance with
FICC’s financial requirements on an
ongoing basis, the Commission believes
this requirement is consistent with Rule
17Ad–22(e)(18).
III. Conclusion
It is therefore noticed, pursuant to
Section 806(e)(1)(I) of the Clearing
Supervision Act,33 that the Commission
does not object to this advance notice
proposal (SR–FICC–2017–803) and that
FICC is authorized to implement the
proposal as of the date of this notice or
the date of an order by the Commission
approving a proposed rule change that
reflects rule changes that are consistent
with this advance notice proposal (SR–
FICC–2017–005), whichever is later.
By the Commission.
Brent J. Fields,
Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2017–08903 Filed 5–2–17; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
[Release No. 34–80541; File No. SR–
NYSEArca–2017–48]
nlaroche on DSK30NT082PROD with NOTICES
April 27, 2017.
Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) 1 of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the
‘‘Act’’) 2 and Rule 19b–4 thereunder,3
notice is hereby given that, on April 24,
2017, NYSE Arca, Inc. (the ‘‘Exchange’’
or ‘‘NYSE Arca’’) filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission
U.S.C. 5465(e)(1)(I).
U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
2 15 U.S.C. 78a.
3 17 CFR 240.19b–4.
VerDate Sep<11>2014
14:29 May 02, 2017
Jkt 241001
The Exchange proposes to list and
trade shares of the Franklin Liberty
Intermediate Municipal Opportunities
ETF and Franklin Liberty Municipal
Bond ETF (each a ‘‘Fund’’ and,
collectively, the ‘‘Funds’’) under NYSE
Arca Equities Rule 8.600 (‘‘Managed
Fund Shares’’). The proposed change is
available on the Exchange’s Web site at
www.nyse.com, at the principal office of
the Exchange, and at the Commission’s
Public Reference Room.
II. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
Change
In its filing with the Commission, the
self-regulatory organization included
statements concerning the purpose of,
and basis for, the proposed rule change
and discussed any comments it received
on the proposed rule change. The text
of those statements may be examined at
the places specified in Item IV below.
The Exchange has prepared summaries,
set forth in sections A, B, and C below,
of the most significant parts of such
statements.
1. Purpose
Self-Regulatory Organizations; NYSE
Arca, Inc.; Notice of Filing of Proposed
Rule Change Relating to the Listing
and Trading of Shares of the Franklin
Liberty Intermediate Municipal
Opportunities ETF and Franklin Liberty
Municipal Bond ETF Under NYSE Arca
Equities Rule 8.600
1 15
I. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Terms of Substance of
the Proposed Rule Change
A. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Purpose of, and the
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
Change
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
33 12
(the ‘‘Commission’’) the proposed rule
change as described in Items I and II
below, which Items have been prepared
by the self-regulatory organization. The
Commission is publishing this notice to
solicit comments on the proposed rule
change from interested persons.
The Exchange proposes to list and
trade shares (‘‘Shares’’) of each Fund
under NYSE Arca Equities Rule 8.600,4
which governs the listing and trading of
4 The Securities and Exchange Commission
(‘‘Commission’’) has approved for Exchange listing
and trading shares of actively managed funds that
principally hold municipal bonds. See, e.g.,
Securities Exchange Act Release Nos. 60981
(November 10, 2009), 74 FR 59594 (November 18,
2009) (SR–NYSEArca–2009–79) (order approving
listing and trading of shares of the PIMCO ShortTerm Municipal Bond Strategy Fund and PIMCO
Intermediate Municipal Bond Strategy Fund); 79293
(November 10, 2016), 81 FR 81189 (November 17,
2016) (SR–NYSEArca–2016–107) (order approving
listing and trading of shares of Cumberland
Municipal Bond ETF under Rule 8.600). The
Commission also has approved listing and trading
on the Exchange of shares of the SPDR Nuveen S&P
High Yield Municipal Bond Fund under
Commentary .02 of NYSE Arca Equities Rule
5.2(j)(3). See Securities Exchange Act Release No.
63881 (February 9, 2011), 76 FR 9065 (February 16,
2011) (SR–NYSEArca–2010–120).
PO 00000
Frm 00098
Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
Managed Fund Shares.5 The Shares will
be offered by the Franklin Templeton
ETF Trust (the ‘‘Trust’’), which is
registered with the Commission as an
open-end management investment
company.6 Each Fund is a series of the
Trust.
The investment adviser to each Fund
will be Franklin Advisers, Inc. (the
‘‘Adviser’’). Franklin Templeton
Distributors, Inc. will serve as the
distributor (the ‘‘Distributor’’) of each
Fund’s Shares on an agency basis.
Franklin Templeton Services, LLC will
serve as the administrator and State
Street Bank and Trust Company will
serve as the sub-administrator,
custodian and transfer agent for each
Fund.
Commentary .06 to Rule 8.600
provides that, if the investment adviser
to the investment company issuing
Managed Fund Shares is affiliated with
a broker-dealer, such investment adviser
shall erect a ‘‘fire wall’’ between the
investment adviser and the brokerdealer with respect to access to
information concerning the composition
and/or changes to such investment
company portfolio.7 In addition,
5 A Managed Fund Share is a security that
represents an interest in an investment company
registered under the Investment Company Act of
1940 (15 U.S.C. 80a–1) (‘‘1940 Act’’) organized as
an open-end investment company or similar entity
that invests in a portfolio of securities selected by
its investment adviser consistent with its
investment objectives and policies. In contrast, an
open-end investment company that issues
Investment Company Units, listed and traded on
the Exchange under NYSE Arca Equities Rule
5.2(j)(3), seeks to provide investment results that
correspond generally to the price and yield
performance of a specific foreign or domestic stock
index, fixed income securities index or combination
thereof.
6 The Trust is registered under the 1940 Act. On
March 23, 2017, the Trust filed with the
Commission an amendment to its registration
statement on Form N–1A under the Securities Act
of 1933 (15 U.S.C. 77a) (‘‘Securities Act’’), and
under the 1940 Act relating to the Funds (File Nos.
333–208873 and 811–23124) (‘‘Registration
Statement’’). The description of the operation of the
Trust and the Funds herein is based, in part, on the
Registration Statement. In addition, the
Commission has issued an order granting certain
exemptive relief to the Trust, Franklin Advisers,
Inc. and Franklin Templeton Distributors, Inc.
under the 1940 Act. See Investment Company Act
Release No. 30350 (Jan. 15, 2013) (File No. 812–
14042) (‘‘Exemptive Order’’).
7 An investment adviser to an open-end fund is
required to be registered under the Investment
Advisers Act of 1940 (the ‘‘Advisers Act’’). As a
result, the Adviser and its related personnel are
subject to the provisions of Rule 204A–1 under the
Advisers Act relating to codes of ethics. This Rule
requires investment advisers to adopt a code of
ethics that reflects the fiduciary nature of the
relationship to clients as well as compliance with
other applicable securities laws. Accordingly,
procedures designed to prevent the communication
and misuse of non-public information by an
investment adviser must be consistent with Rule
204A–1 under the Advisers Act. In addition, Rule
206(4)–7 under the Advisers Act makes it unlawful
E:\FR\FM\03MYN1.SGM
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Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 82, Number 84 (Wednesday, May 3, 2017)]
[Notices]
[Pages 20652-20656]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2017-08903]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
[Release No. 34-80546; File No. SR-FICC-2017-803]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; Fixed Income Clearing Corporation;
Notice of No Objection To Advance Notice Filing To Establish the
Centrally Cleared Institutional Triparty Service and Make Other Changes
April 27, 2017.
On March 9, 2017, Fixed Income Clearing Corporation (``FICC'')
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (``Commission'')
advance notice SR-FICC-2017-803 (``Advance Notice'') pursuant to
Section 806(e)(1) of the Payment, Clearing, and Settlement Supervision
Act of 2010 (``Clearing Supervision Act'') \1\ and Rule 19b-
[[Page 20653]]
4(n)(1)(i) \2\ under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (``Exchange
Act'').\3\ The Advance Notice was published for comment in the Federal
Register on April 7, 2017.\4\ Although the Commission received no
comments to the Advance Notice, it received one comment letter \5\ to
the Proposed Rule Change in support of the proposal.\6\ This
publication serves as notice that the Commission does not object to the
changes set forth in the Advance Notice.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ 12 U.S.C. 5465(e)(1). The Financial Stability Oversight
Council designated FICC a systemically important financial market
utility on July 18, 2012. Financial Stability Oversight Council 2012
Annual Report, Appendix A, https://www.treasury.gov/initiatives/fsoc/Documents/2012%20Annual%20Report.pdf. Therefore, FICC is required to
comply with the Clearing Supervision Act and file advance notices
with the Commission. 12 U.S.C. 5465(e).
\2\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4(n)(1)(i).
\3\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
\4\ Securities Exchange Act Release No. 80361 (April 3, 2017),
82 FR 17053 (April 7, 2017) (SR-FICC-2017-803) (``Notice''). FICC
also filed a proposed rule change with the Commission pursuant to
Section 19(b)(1) of the Exchange Act and Rule 19b-4 thereunder,
seeking approval of changes to its rules necessary to implement the
proposal. 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1) and 17 CFR 240.19b-4, respectively.
The proposed rule change was published for comment in the Federal
Register on March 30, 2017. Securities Exchange Act Release No.
80303 (March 24, 2017), 82 FR 15749 (March 30, 2017) (SR-FICC-2017-
803).
\5\ See letter from Thomas Wipf, Chief Financial Officer, Morgan
Stanley & Co. LLC, dated April 19, 2017, to Eduardo A. Aleman,
Assistant Secretary, Commission, available at https://www.sec.gov/comments/sr-ficc-2017-005/ficc2017005.htm.
\6\ Because the proposal contained in the Advance Notice was
also filed as the Proposed Rule Change, see supra note 3, the
Commission is considering any comment received on the Proposed Rule
Change also to be a comment on the Advance Notice.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
I. Description of the Advance Notice
Repurchase agreement (``repo'') transactions involve the sale of
securities along with an agreement to repurchase the securities on a
later date. Bilateral repo transactions involve a cash lender (e.g., a
money market mutual fund, pension fund, or other entity with funds
available for lending) and a cash borrower (typically a broker-dealer,
hedge fund, or other entity seeking to finance securities that can be
used to collateralize the loan). In the opening leg of the repo
transaction, the cash borrower receives cash in exchange for securities
equal in value to the amount of cash received, plus a haircut. In the
closing leg of the repo transaction, the cash borrower pays back the
cash plus interest in exchange for the securities posted as collateral.
In tri-party repo transactions, a clearing bank tri-party agent
provides to both the cash lender and the cash borrower certain
operational, custodial, collateral valuation, and other services to
facilitate the repo transactions. For example, the tri-party agent may
facilitate and record the exchange of cash and securities on a book-
entry basis for each of the counterparties to the repo transaction, as
well as effectuating the collection and transfer of collateral that may
be required under the terms of the repo transaction. Cash lenders use
tri-party repos as investments that offer liquidity maximization,
principal protection, and a small positive return, while cash borrowers
rely on them as a major source of short-term funding.\7\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\7\ See Federal Reserve Bank of New York, Tri-Party Repo
Infrastructure Reform, https://www.newyorkfed.org/banking/tpr_infr_reform.html (last visited Mar. 6, 2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
FICC currently provides central clearing to a segment of the tri-
party repo market through its general collateral finance repo service
(``GCF Repo [supreg] Service'').\8\ The GCF Repo Service is available
to sell-side entities, such as dealers, that enter into tri-party repo
transactions, in GCF Repo Securities, with each other.\9\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\8\ The term ``GCF Repo'' is a registered trademark of FICC. The
GCF Repo Service is a service offered by FICC to compare, net, and
settle general collateral repos. Notice, 82 FR at 17053.
\9\ GCF Repo Securities are securities issued or guaranteed by
the United States, a U.S. government agency or instrumentality, a
U.S. government-sponsored corporation (or otherwise approved by
FICC's Board of Directors), and such securities are only eligible
for submission to FICC in connection with the comparison, netting
and/or settlement of repo transactions involving generic CUSIP
numbers (i.e., identifying numbers established for a category of
securities, as opposed to a specific security). Notice, 82 FR at
17053.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Advance Notice is a proposal by FICC to broaden the pool of
entities that would be eligible to submit tri-party repo transactions
for central clearing at FICC. Specifically, FICC proposes to amend its
Government Securities Division (``GSD'') Rulebook (``GSD Rules'') \10\
to establish the ``Centrally Cleared Institutional Tri-Party Service''
or the ``CCITTM Service.'' \11\ The proposed CCIT Service
would allow the submission of tri-party repo transactions in GCF Repo
Securities between GSD Netting Members \12\ that participate in the GCF
Repo Service and institutional counterparties (other than registered
investment companies (``RICs'') under the Investment Company Act of
1940, as amended),\13\ where the institutional counterparties are the
cash lenders in the transactions.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\10\ Available at https://www.dtcc.com/legal/rules-and-procedures.
\11\ CCIT is a trademark of The Depository Trust & Clearing
Corporation, of which FICC is a subsidiary. FICC defines ``Centrally
Cleared Institutional Tri-Party Service'' and ``CCIT Service'' as
``the service offered by the Corporation to clear institutional tri-
party repurchase agreement transactions, as more fully described in
Rule 3B.'' Proposed GSD Rule 1, Definitions.
\12\ The term ``Netting Member'' is defined as a member of
FICC's Comparison System (i.e., the system of reporting, validating,
and matching the long and short sides of securities trades to ensure
that the details of such trades are in agreement between the
parties) and FICC's Netting System (i.e., the system for aggregating
and matching offsetting obligations resulting from trades). GSD
Rules, supra note 8.
\13\ 15 U.S.C. 80a-1 et seq. According to FICC, the legal
ability of such registered investment companies to participate in
the proposed CCIT Service is uncertain in light of applicable
regulatory requirements under the Investment Company Act of 1940
(including, for example, liquid asset requirements and counterparty
diversification requirements).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
To effectuate the proposed CCIT Service, FICC proposes to create a
new limited service membership category in GSD for institutional cash
lenders. These new members would be referred to as CCIT members, and
the GSD membership provisions that apply to the CCIT members would be
addressed in proposed GSD Rule 3B. These new membership provisions
include: \14\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\14\ For additional discussion of the membership provisions set
forth in proposed GSD Rule 3B, see also Notice, 82 FR at 17054-64.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Membership eligibility criteria, including minimum
financial requirements, operational capabilities, and opinions of
counsel;
joint account ownership, in which one authorized entity
would act as agent for two or more CCIT Members;
membership application processes, including document
provision and disclosure requirements, operational testing
requirements, reporting requirements, FATCA compliance certification
requirements,\15\ and the procedures for denying membership;
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\15\ FATCA is the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act, 26 U.S.C.
1471 et seq. FATCA compliance means that an ``. . . FFI [foreign
financial institution] Member has qualified under such procedures
promulgated by the Internal Revenue Service . . . to establish
exemption from withholding under FATCA such that [FICC] would not be
required to withhold [anything] under FATCA . . . . '' GSD Rules 1,
supra note 3.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
membership agreement terms describing rights and
obligations;
procedures for the voluntary termination of CCIT
membership; and
ongoing membership requirements, including (i) annual
financial and other disclosure requirements; (ii) operational testing
requirements and related reporting requirements; (iii) notification of
GSD rule non-compliance; (iv) penalties for GSD rule non-compliance;
(v) mandatory assurances in the event that FICC has reason to believe a
member may fall into GSD rule non-compliance; (vi) requirements to
comply with applicable tax, money laundering, and sanctions laws; (vii)
audit provisions allowing FICC to access relevant books and records;
and (viii) financial/operational monitoring.
In addition to membership provisions, proposed Rule 3B also would
set forth the applicable risk management provision relating to the new
limited
[[Page 20654]]
service membership category, including: \16\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\16\ For additional discussion of the risk management provisions
set forth in proposed GSD Rule 3B, see also Notice, 82 FR at 17055-
64.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Non-mutualized loss allocation obligations of CCIT
members, including FICC's perfected security interest in each CCIT
member's underlying repo securities;
a rules-based committed liquidity facility for CCIT
members, in which CCIT members that have outstanding CCIT transactions
with a defaulting member would be required to enter into CCIT master
repurchase agreement transactions with FICC for specified periods of
time;
uncommitted liquidity repos between CCIT members and FICC;
and
application of certain other GSD Rules (e.g., comparison,
netting, settlement, default, and other applicable provisions) to CCIT
members and transactions.
In addition to the proposed changes to the GSD Rules related to the
proposed CCIT Service, the Advance Notice also contains other changes
to the GSD Rules, unrelated to the CCIT proposal. These non-CCIT
related changes generally are intended to update the GSD Rules and
provide additional specificity, clarity, and transparency for members
that rely on them.\17\ These non-CCIT related proposed rule changes
include the following:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\17\ For additional description and explanation of the non-CCIT-
related changes included in the Advance Notice, see Notice, 82 FR at
17054-64.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Clarifying that Comparison-Only Members must conform to
FICC's operational conditions and requirements; \18\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\18\ GSD Members may be either Comparison-Only Members or
Netting Members. Comparison-Only Members are members of the GSD
Comparison System, which is the GSD system for reporting,
validating, and in some cases, matching of securities trades.
Netting Members are members of both the GSD Comparison System and
the GSD Netting System, which is the GSD system for aggregating and
matching offsetting obligations resulting from securities trades.
Pursuant to GSD Rule 2A, FICC may require an entity to be a
Comparison-Only Member for a period of time (during which FICC
assess the entity's operational soundness) before the entity becomes
eligible to apply for netting membership.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
clarifying the point of time in which a member is required
to notify FICC that the member is no longer in compliance with a
relevant membership qualification and standard;
providing that a member's written notice of its membership
termination is not effective until accepted by FICC;
requiring all GCF Repo transactions to be fully
collateralized by 9:00 a.m. New York Time;
prohibiting a member that receives collateral in the GCF
Repo process from withdrawing the securities or cash collateral
received;
specifying the steps that members must take in the event
of FICC's default so that FICC may determine the net amount owed by or
to each member;
reflecting FICC's current practice of annual study and
evaluation of FICC's internal accounting control system; and
correcting several grammatical and out-of-date cross-
references.
In addition to the proposed changes listed above, the Advance
Notice also includes a proposal for a non-CCIT related rule change that
would provide FICC with access to the books and records of a RIC
Netting Member's controlling management. The change is intended to
enable FICC to determine whether the RIC has sufficient financial
resources and monitor compliance with FICC's financial requirements on
an ongoing basis.
II. Discussion of Commission Findings
Although the Clearing Supervision Act does not specify a standard
of review for an advance notice, its stated purpose is instructive: To
mitigate systemic risk in the financial system and promote financial
stability by, among other things, promoting uniform risk management
standards for systemically important financial market utilities and
strengthening the liquidity of systemically important financial market
utilities.\19\ Section 805(a)(2) of the Clearing Supervision Act
authorizes the Commission to prescribe risk management standards for
the payment, clearing, and settlement activities of designated clearing
entities and financial institutions engaged in designated activities
for which it is the Supervisory Agency or the appropriate financial
regulator.\20\ Section 805(b) of the Clearing Supervision Act \21\
states that the objectives and principles for the risk management
standards prescribed under Section 805(a) shall be to:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\19\ 12 U.S.C. 5461(b).
\20\ 12 U.S.C. 5464(a)(2).
\21\ 12 U.S.C. 5464(b).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Promote robust risk management;
promote safety and soundness;
reduce systemic risks; and
support the stability of the broader financial system.
The Commission has adopted risk management standards under Section
805(a)(2) of the Clearing Supervision Act \22\ and Section 17A of the
Exchange Act (``Clearing Agency Standards'').\23\ The Clearing Agency
Standards require registered clearing agencies to establish, implement,
maintain, and enforce written policies and procedures that are
reasonably designed to meet certain minimum requirements for their
operations and risk management practices on an ongoing basis.\24\
Therefore, it is appropriate for the Commission to review proposed
changes in advance notices against the objectives and principles of
these risk management standards as described in Section 805(b) of the
Clearing Supervision Act and in the Clearing Agency Standards.\25\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\22\ 12 U.S.C. 5464(a)(2).
\23\ See 17 CFR 240.17Ad-22.
\24\ Id.
\25\ 12 U.S.C. 5464(b).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
A. Consistency With Section 805(b) of the Clearing Supervision Act
As discussed below, the Commission believes that the changes
proposed in the Advance Notice are consistent with Section 805(b) of
the Clearing Supervision Act because they (i) are designed to reduce
systemic risk, (ii) are designed to support the stability of the
financial system, (iii) are designed to promote robust risk management,
and (iv) are consistent with promoting safety and soundness.
When considering the CCIT Service in its entirety, the Commission
believes that the proposal could help to reduce systemic risk presented
by FICC and a tri-party repo market member default, which in turn could
help support the stability of the broader financial system. The CCIT
Service would make the risk-reducing benefits of central clearing
available to a wider range of types of repo transactions while at the
same time ensuring that FICC is able to effectively manage the
additional financial risk exposure. For example, as described above,
the CCIT Service would enable a greater number of tri-party repo
transactions to be eligible for netting and subject to guaranteed
settlement, novation, and independent risk management through FICC,
which would help decrease the settlement and operational risk of such
transactions relative to those made outside of FICC, enhancing the
stability of the tri-party repo market. Furthermore, by providing
central clearing to a greater number of tri-party repo transactions,
the CCIT Service would permit FICC to centralize and control the
liquidation of a greater number of such positions in the event of a
Netting Member's default, which in turn would help protect against the
risk that an uncoordinated liquidation of the positions by multiple
counterparties to a defaulting firm would cause a fire sale that
destabilizes the broader financial system. Therefore, the Commission
believes that the CCIT Service would help reduce systemic risks and
support
[[Page 20655]]
the stability of the financial system, consistent with Section 805(b)
of the Clearing Supervision Act.
The Commission also believes that the CCIT Service designed by FICC
is consistent with promoting robust risk management and safety and
soundness at FICC and to the tri-party repo market. The CCIT Service
includes certain risk management tools that facilitate FICC's
management of credit, market, and liquidity risk arising from becoming
a central counterparty to the new repo positions coming in via CCIT.
For example, the CCIT Service would provide FICC with a perfected
security interest in the underlying repo securities of a CCIT
transaction and a built-in liquidity resource to support CCIT Service
liquidity demands in the form of repo transactions under the CCIT
Master Repurchase Agreement (``CCIT MRA'').\26\ Each of these elements
of the CCIT Service would help FICC manage certain risks presented by
the potential default of a CCIT member. Specifically, the perfected
security interest would enable FICC, in the event of a Netting Member's
default, to access the defaulter's collateral for the purposes of
managing potential risks, such as credit risk, that may arise from the
default.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\26\ For additional details regarding the CCIT MRA, see Notice,
82 FR at 17060-61.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
In addition, the CCIT Service would enable FICC to manage instances
where a default results in liquidity demands for FICC within the CCIT
Service that exceed the level of financial resources FICC might
otherwise have on hand (such as the defaulter's collateral) at the time
of the default by requiring CCIT Members to engage in repo transactions
to provide cash as a liquidity resource in such instances. In addition
to the risk management tools described above, the CCIT Service also
would establish initial and ongoing financial responsibility and
operational capacity requirements for CCIT members, as well as
requirements that would be applicable to Netting Members with respect
to their participation in the proposed CCIT Service. Collectively,
these requirements would enable FICC to monitor the likelihood of a
CCIT member default and limit its counterparty risk by (i) ensuring
that FICC only takes on exposure to entities that are creditworthy
counterparties; and (ii) enabling FICC to monitor the ongoing
capability of these members to perform their obligations to FICC. For
these reasons, the Commission believes that the CCIT Service would help
promote robust risk management and safety and soundness at FICC,
consistent with Section 805(b) of the Clearing Supervision Act.
In addition, the Commission believes that the CCIT Service is
consistent with promoting robust risk management and safety and
soundness to the tri-party repo market. As discussed above, the CCIT
Service would make the risk-reducing benefits of central clearing
available to a wider range of types of repo transactions, which would
help decrease the settlement and operational risk of such transactions
when made outside of FICC and thereby enhance stability for the tri-
party repo market. Furthermore, the CCIT Service would enable a greater
number of tri-party repo transactions to be subject to FICC's ability,
in the event of a Netting Member's default, to centralize and control
the liquidation of such positions at FICC, which in turn would help
protect the tri-party repo market against the risk that a liquidation
of the positions would cause a fire sale that destabilizes the broader
financial system. Therefore, the Commission believes that the CCIT
Service would help promote robust risk management and safety and
soundness to the tri-party repo market, consistent with Section 805(b)
of the Clearing Supervision Act.
B. Consistency With Rules 17Ad-22(e)(1), (e)(4), and (e)(18)
The Commission believes that the changes proposed in the Advance
Notice are consistent with Rule 17Ad-22(e)(1) under the Act.\27\ Rule
17Ad-22(e)(1) requires, in part, that FICC ``establish, implement,
maintain and enforce written policies and procedures reasonably
designed to . . . [p]rovide for a well-founded, clear, transparent and
enforceable legal basis for each aspect of its activities.'' \28\ As
described above, FICC proposes a number of changes that are unrelated
to the proposed CCIT Service and designed to make the GSD Rules more
clear, consistent, and current for members that rely on them. The
Commission believes that these non-CCIT related changes could make
FICC's policies and procedures in the GSD Rules more clear, consistent,
and transparent for members that rely on them, and therefore believes
that the proposed changes would help support FICC's rules being clear
and transparent, consistent with Rule 17Ad-22(e)(1), cited above.
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\27\ 17 CFR 240.17Ad-22(e)(2).
\28\ Id.
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The Commission believes that the changes proposed in the Advance
Notice are consistent with Rule 17Ad-22(e)(4)(iii) under the Act.\29\
Rule 17Ad-22(e)(4)(iii) requires, in part, that FICC ``establish,
implement, maintain and enforce written policies and procedures
reasonably designed to . . . [e]ffectively identify, measure, monitor,
and manage its credit exposures to participants and those arising from
[FICC's] payment, clearing, and settlement processes, including by . .
. maintaining . . . financial resources at the minimum to enable [FICC]
to cover a wide range of stress scenarios. . . .'' \30\ As discussed
above, the CCIT Service includes risk management tools, such as the
perfected security interest and the CCIT MRA liquidity resource. The
Commission believes that these risk management tools would help
facilitate FICC's management of credit, market, and liquidity risk that
would arise from becoming a central counterparty to the new repo
positions coming in via the proposed CCIT Service. Accordingly, the
Commission believes that the proposed changes to its policies and
procedures in the GSD Rules are designed to help effectively manage
FICC's exposure, including its credit exposure to participants, arising
from its payment, clearing, and settlement processes for the proposed
CCIT transactions by providing for financial resources to help cover a
wide range of foreseeable stress scenarios, consistent with Rule 17Ad-
22(e)(4)(iii), cited above.
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\29\ 17 CFR 240.17Ad-22(e)(4)(iii).
\30\ Id.
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The Commission also believes that the proposal is consistent with
Rule 17Ad-22(e)(18) under the Act.\31\ Rule 17Ad-22(e)(18) requires, in
part, that FICC ``establish, implement, maintain and enforce written
policies and procedures reasonably designed to . . . [e]stablish
objective, risk-based, and publicly disclosed criteria for
participation, which . . . require participants to have sufficient
financial resources and robust operational capacity to meet obligations
arising from participation in the clearing agency, and monitor
compliance with such participation requirements on an ongoing basis.''
\32\
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\31\ 17 CFR 240.17Ad-22(e)(18).
\32\ Id.
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In connection with the establishment of the proposed CCIT Service,
FICC would include provisions in the GSD rules to incorporate
membership standards, requiring, for example, ongoing financial
responsibility and operational capacity requirements, as well as the
requirements that would be applicable to Netting Members with respect
to their participation in the proposed CCIT Service. The
[[Page 20656]]
Commission believes that, by incorporating such requirements, FICC
would establish in its policies and procedures objective, risk-based,
and publicly disclosed criteria for participation in the CCIT Service,
consistent with Rule 17Ad-22(e)(18).
Similarly, in connection with the proposed non-CCIT related change
to provide FICC with access to the books and records of a RIC Netting
Member's controlling management, FICC would be authorized to review the
financial information of the RIC. Because this would enable FICC to
determine whether the RIC has sufficient financial resources and
monitor compliance with FICC's financial requirements on an ongoing
basis, the Commission believes this requirement is consistent with Rule
17Ad-22(e)(18).
III. Conclusion
It is therefore noticed, pursuant to Section 806(e)(1)(I) of the
Clearing Supervision Act,\33\ that the Commission does not object to
this advance notice proposal (SR-FICC-2017-803) and that FICC is
authorized to implement the proposal as of the date of this notice or
the date of an order by the Commission approving a proposed rule change
that reflects rule changes that are consistent with this advance notice
proposal (SR-FICC-2017-005), whichever is later.
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\33\ 12 U.S.C. 5465(e)(1)(I).
By the Commission.
Brent J. Fields,
Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2017-08903 Filed 5-2-17; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011-01-P