Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of Proposed Rule Change To Modify Administrative Charges for Distributors of Proprietary Data Feed Products, 95666-95669 [2016-31309]
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95666
Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 249 / Wednesday, December 28, 2016 / Notices
arguments concerning the foregoing,
including whether the proposed rule
change is consistent with the Act.
Comments may be submitted by any of
the following methods:
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
Electronic Comments
Self-Regulatory Organizations; The
NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of
Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of
Proposed Rule Change To Modify
Administrative Charges for
Distributors of Proprietary Data Feed
Products
• Use the Commission’s Internet
comment form (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml); or
• Send an email to rule-comments@
sec.gov. Please include File Number SR–
IEX–2016–21 on the subject line.
December 21, 2016.
Paper Comments
sradovich on DSK3GMQ082PROD with NOTICES
• Send paper comments in triplicate
to Secretary, Securities and Exchange
Commission, 100 F Street NE.,
Washington, DC 20549–1090.
All submissions should refer to File
Number SR–IEX–2016–21. This file
number should be included on the
subject line if email is used. To help the
Commission process and review your
comments more efficiently, please use
only one method. The Commission will
post all comments on the Commission’s
Internet Web site (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml). Copies of the
submission, all subsequent
amendments, all written statements
with respect to the proposed rule
change that are filed with the
Commission, and all written
communications relating to the
proposed rule change between the
Commission and any person, other than
those that may be withheld from the
public in accordance with the
provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be
available for Web site viewing and
printing in the Commission’s Public
Reference Room, 100 F Street NE.,
Washington, DC 20549, on official
business days between the hours of
10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. Copies of the
filing also will be available for
inspection and copying at the principal
office of the Exchange. All comments
received will be posted without change;
the Commission does not edit personal
identifying information from
submissions. You should submit only
information that you wish to make
available publicly. All submissions
should refer to File Number SR–IEX–
2016–21 and should be submitted on or
before January 18, 2017.
For the Commission, by the Division of
Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated
authority.17
Eduardo A. Aleman,
Assistant Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2016–31311 Filed 12–27–16; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
17 17
CFR 200.30–3(a)(12).
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[Release No. 34–79649; File No. SR–
NASDAQ–2016–172]
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Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
(‘‘Act’’),1 and Rule 19b–4 thereunder,2
notice is hereby given that on December
14, 2016, The NASDAQ Stock Market
LLC (‘‘Nasdaq’’ or ‘‘Exchange’’) filed
with the Securities and Exchange
Commission (‘‘SEC’’ or ‘‘Commission’’)
the proposed rule change as described
in Items I, II, and III below, which Items
have been prepared by the Exchange.
The Commission is publishing this
notice to solicit comments on the
proposed rule change from interested
persons.
I. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Terms of the Substance
of the Proposed Rule Change
The Exchange proposes to amend the
Exchange’s data fees at Rule 7035 to
change the billing cycle for
administrative fees paid by distributors
of Nasdaq market data from annual to
monthly, and to: (1) Replace the current
$500 annual administrative fee assessed
to distributors of delayed market data
with a $50 monthly administrative fee,
and (2) replace the current $1,000
annual administrative fee assessed to
distributors of real-time market data
with a $100 monthly administrative fee.
The proposal is described further
below.3
While these amendments are effective
upon filing, the Exchange has
designated the proposed amendments to
be operative on January 1, 2017.
The text of the proposed rule change
is available on the Exchange’s Web site
at https://nasdaq.cchwallstreet.com, at
the principal office of the Exchange, and
1 15
U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
CFR 240.19b–4.
3 NASDAQ BX, Inc. and NASDAQ PHLX LLC are
filing companion proposals similar to this one. All
three proposals will change the billing cycle for
administrative fees paid by distributors of market
data from annual to monthly, and will: (1) replace
the current $500 annual administrative fee assessed
to distributors of delayed market data with a $50
monthly administrative fee, and (2) replace the
current $1,000 annual administrative fee assessed to
distributors of real-time market data with a $100
monthly administrative fee.
2 17
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at the Commission’s Public Reference
Room.
II. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
Change
In its filing with the Commission, the
Exchange included statements
concerning the purpose of and basis for
the proposed rule change and discussed
any comments it received on the
proposed rule change. The text of these
statements may be examined at the
places specified in Item IV below. The
Exchange has prepared summaries, set
forth in sections A, B, and C below, of
the most significant aspects of such
statements.
A. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
Change
1. Purpose
The purpose of the proposed rule
change is to change the billing cycle for
administrative fees paid by distributors
of Nasdaq market data from annual to
monthly, and to: (1) Replace the current
$500 annual administrative fee assessed
to distributors of delayed market data
with a $50 monthly administrative fee,
and (2) replace the current $1,000
annual administrative fee assessed to
distributors of real-time market data
with a $100 monthly administrative fee.
Annual Administrative Fee
Nasdaq assesses an annual
administrative fee to any market data
distributor that receives a proprietary
market data product. The amount of that
fee is $500 for delayed market data and
$1,000 for real-time market data.
Distributors of both delayed and realtime market data are not required to pay
both fees; they are charged only the
higher fee. The time difference between
‘‘delayed’’ and ‘‘real-time’’ data varies
by product. Nasdaq Basic data, for
example, is considered delayed after 15
minutes, while data from the Nasdaq
Market Pathfinders Service is
considered delayed after 24 hours. The
specific delay interval applicable to
each product is published on the
Nasdaq Trader Web site. The fee is not
prorated if the distributor receives the
data feed for less than a year.
Proposed Changes
The Exchange proposes to change the
billing cycle for administrative fees paid
by distributors of Nasdaq market data
from annual to monthly, and to: (1)
replace the current $500 annual
administrative fee assessed to
distributors of delayed market data with
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a $50 monthly administrative fee, and
(2) replace the current $1,000 annual
administrative fee assessed to
distributors of real-time market data
with a $100 monthly administrative fee.
The purposes of the proposal are to:
(1) facilitate billing by aligning the
current annual administrative fee billing
cycle with Nasdaq’s standard monthly
billing cycle; (2) allocate the fee more
equitably by charging distributors that
receive less than a year of market data
an administrative fee only for those
months that they receive market data;
(3) bring the Exchange’s administrative
fee into alignment with the PSX and BX
market data administrative fees, which,
after current proposals take effect, will
be charged the same administrative fees
on the same billing cycle; and (4) offset
cost increases caused by general price
inflation.
The complexity of administering
Nasdaq’s market data program has
increased significantly since the current
fee was set in July of 2006. New, more
complex products and services require
Nasdaq to expend more resources in
administration and monitoring. For
example, the introduction of Enhanced
Display Solutions—which allow
subscribers to view Nasdaq market data
on computer monitors and export it to
applications—required Nasdaq to create
new reporting systems and review
mechanisms for the use of market data.
New reporting and review mechanisms
also had to be created to implement
Managed Data Solutions, which allow
electronic systems access to Nasdaq
market data without human
intervention. The Nasdaq Basic Net
Reporting Program—a service that
allows distributors to lower the cost of
Nasdaq Basic by reporting the number
of natural persons using the data rather
than the number of electronic devices
able to display that data—also required
Nasdaq to develop new reporting
systems. All of these programs were
created in response to customer
demand, and all require administrative
expenditures that had not been
necessary when the amount of the
administrative fee was set in 2006.
The administrative fee is entirely
optional in that it applies only to firms
that elect to distribute Nasdaq
proprietary data.
The proposed changes do not raise the
cost of any other Nasdaq product,
except to the extent that they increase
the total cost of purchasing market data.
2. Statutory Basis
The Exchange believes that its
proposal is consistent with Section 6(b)
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of the Act,4 in general, and furthers the
objectives of Sections 6(b)(4) and 6(b)(5)
of the Act,5 in particular, in that it
provides for the equitable allocation of
reasonable dues, fees and other charges
among members and issuers and other
persons using any facility, and is not
designed to permit unfair
discrimination between customers,
issuers, brokers, or dealers.
The Commission and the courts have
repeatedly expressed their preference
for competition over regulatory
intervention in determining prices,
products, and services in the securities
markets. In Regulation NMS, while
adopting a series of steps to improve the
national market system, the Commission
highlighted the importance of market
forces in determining prices and SRO
revenues and, also, recognized that
current regulation of the market system
‘‘has been remarkably successful in
promoting market competition in its
broader forms that are most important to
investors and listed companies.’’ 6
Likewise, in NetCoalition v. Securities
and Exchange Commission 7
(‘‘NetCoalition’’) the D.C. Circuit upheld
the Commission’s use of a market-based
approach in evaluating the fairness of
market data fees against a challenge
claiming that Congress mandated a costbased approach.8 As the court
emphasized, the Commission ‘‘intended
in Regulation NMS that ‘market forces,
rather than regulatory requirements’
play a role in determining the market
data . . . to be made available to
investors and at what cost.’’ 9
Further, ‘‘[n]o one disputes that
competition for order flow is ‘fierce.’
. . . As the SEC explained, ‘[i]n the U.S.
national market system, buyers and
sellers of securities, and the brokerdealers that act as their order-routing
agents, have a wide range of choices of
where to route orders for execution’;
[and] ‘no exchange can afford to take its
market share percentages for granted’
because ‘no exchange possesses a
monopoly, regulatory or otherwise, in
the execution of order flow from broker
dealers’ . . . .’’ 10
The Exchange believes that the
proposal to replace the current $500
annual administrative fee assessed to
4 15
U.S.C. 78f(b).
U.S.C. 78f(b)(4) and (5).
6 Securities Exchange Act Release No. 51808
(June 9, 2005), 70 FR 37496, 37499 (June 29, 2005)
(‘‘Regulation NMS Adopting Release’’).
7 NetCoalition v. SEC, 615 F.3d 525 (D.C. Cir.
2010).
8 See NetCoalition, at 534–535.
9 Id. at 537.
10 Id. at 539 (quoting Securities Exchange Act
Release No. 59039 (December 2, 2008), 73 FR
74770, 74782–83 (December 9, 2008) (SR–
NYSEArca–2006–21)).
5 15
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distributors of delayed market data with
a $50 monthly administrative fee, and
the current $1,000 annual
administrative fee assessed to
distributors of real-time data with a
$100 monthly administrative fee, is fair
and equitable in accordance with
Section 6(b)(4) of the Act, and not
unreasonably discriminatory in
accordance with Section 6(b)(5) of the
Act. As described above, the proposed
fee change is reasonable and necessary
to facilitate billing, allocate fees more
equitably, align administrative fees with
those of the PSX and BX exchanges, and
to offset general price inflation.
Moreover, administrative fees are
constrained by the Exchange’s need to
compete for order flow.
The Exchange believes that the
proposed change is an equitable
allocation and is not unfairly
discriminatory because the Exchange
will apply the same fee to all similarlysituated distributors.
B. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement on Burden on Competition
The Exchange does not believe that
the proposed rule change will impose
any burden on competition not
necessary or appropriate in furtherance
of the purposes of the Act. In terms of
inter-market competition, the Exchange
notes that it operates in a highly
competitive market in which market
participants can readily favor competing
venues if they deem fee levels at a
particular venue to be excessive. In such
an environment, the Exchange must
continually adjust its fees to remain
competitive with other exchanges and
with alternative trading systems that
have been exempted from compliance
with the statutory standards applicable
to exchanges. Because competitors are
free to modify their own fees in
response, and because market
participants may readily adjust their
order routing practices, the Exchange
believes that the degree to which fee
changes in this market may impose any
burden on competition is extremely
limited.
The proposal is to replace the current
$500 annual administrative fee assessed
to distributors of delayed market data
with a $50 monthly administrative fee,
and the current $1,000 annual
administrative fee assessed to
distributors of real-time market data
with a $100 monthly administrative fee.
If the changes proposed herein are
unattractive to market participants, it is
likely that the Exchange will lose
market share as a result.
Specifically, market forces constrain
administrative fees in three respects.
First, all fees associated with
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proprietary data are constrained by
competition among exchanges and other
entities attracting order flow. Second,
administrative fees impact the total cost
of market data, and are constrained by
the total cost of the market data offered
by other entities. Third, competition
among distributors constrains the total
cost of market data, including
administrative fees.
Competition for Order Flow
Administrative fees are constrained
by competition among exchanges and
other entities seeking to attract order
flow. Order flow is the ‘‘life blood’’ of
the exchanges. Broker-dealers currently
have numerous alternative venues for
their order flow, including selfregulatory organization (‘‘SRO’’)
markets, as well as internalizing brokerdealers (‘‘BDs’’) and various forms of
alternative trading systems (‘‘ATSs’’),
including dark pools and electronic
communication networks (‘‘ECNs’’).
Each SRO market competes to produce
transaction reports via trade executions,
and two FINRA-regulated Trade
Reporting Facilities (‘‘TRFs’’) compete
to attract internalized transaction
reports. The existence of fierce
competition for order flow implies a
high degree of price sensitivity on the
part of BDs, which may readily reduce
costs by directing orders toward the
lowest-cost trading venues.
The level of competition and
contestability in the market for order
flow is demonstrated by the numerous
examples of entrants that swiftly grew
into some of the largest electronic
trading platforms and proprietary data
producers: Archipelago, Bloomberg
Tradebook, Island, RediBook, Attain,
TracECN, BATS Trading and BATS/
Direct Edge. A proliferation of dark
pools and other ATSs operate profitably
with fragmentary shares of consolidated
market volume. For a variety of reasons,
competition from new entrants,
especially for order execution, has
increased dramatically over the last
decade.
Each SRO, TRF, ATS, and BD that
competes for order flow is permitted to
produce proprietary data products.
Many currently do or have announced
plans to do so, including NYSE, NYSE
Amex, NYSE Arca, BATS, and IEX. This
is because Regulation NMS deregulated
the market for proprietary data. While
BDs had previously published their
proprietary data individually,
Regulation NMS encourages market data
vendors and BDs to produce market data
products cooperatively in a manner
never before possible. Order routers and
market data vendors can facilitate
production of proprietary data products
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for single or multiple BDs. The potential
sources of proprietary products are
virtually limitless.
The markets for order flow and
market data are inextricably linked: a
trading platform cannot generate market
information unless it receives trade
orders. As a result, the competition for
order flow constrains the prices that
platforms can charge for proprietary
data products. Firms make decisions on
how much and what types of data to
consume based on the total cost of
interacting with Nasdaq and other
exchanges. Administrative fees are part
of the total cost of proprietary data. A
supracompetitive increase in the fees
charged for either transactions or market
data has the potential to impair
revenues from both products.
Competition From Market Data
Providers
Administrative fees are constrained
by competition from other exchanges
that sell market data, such as NYSE and
BATS. If administrative fees were to
become excessive, distributors may elect
to discontinue one or two products or
services purchased from Nasdaq, or
reduce the level of their purchases, to
signal that the overall cost of market
data had become excessive. Such a
reduction in purchases would act as a
discipline to Nasdaq’s administrative
fees, and would constrain the Exchange
in its pricing decisions.
Competition Among Distributors
Distributors provide another form of
price discipline for market data
products. Distributors are in
competition for users, and can curtail
their purchases of market data if the
total price of market data, including
administrative fees, were set above
competitive levels.
In summary, market forces constrain
the level of administrative fees through
competition for order flow, competition
from other sources of proprietary data,
and in the competition among
distributors for customers. For these
reasons, the Exchange has provided a
substantial basis demonstrating that the
fee is equitable, fair, reasonable, and not
unreasonably discriminatory, and
therefore consistent with and in
furtherance of the purposes of the
Exchange Act.
C. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement on Comments on the
Proposed Rule Change Received From
Members, Participants, or Others
No written comments were either
solicited or received.
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III. Date of Effectiveness of the
Proposed Rule Change and Timing for
Commission Action
The foregoing rule change has become
effective pursuant to Section
19(b)(3)(A)(ii) of the Act.11
At any time within 60 days of the
filing of the proposed rule change, the
Commission summarily may
temporarily suspend such rule change if
it appears to the Commission that such
action is: (i) Necessary or appropriate in
the public interest; (ii) for the protection
of investors; or (iii) otherwise in
furtherance of the purposes of the Act.
If the Commission takes such action, the
Commission shall institute proceedings
to determine whether the proposed rule
should be approved or disapproved.
IV. Solicitation of Comments
Interested persons are invited to
submit written data, views, and
arguments concerning the foregoing,
including whether the proposed rule
change is consistent with the Act.
Comments may be submitted by any of
the following methods:
Electronic Comments
• Use the Commission’s Internet
comment form (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml); or
• Send an email to rulecomments@sec.gov. Please include File
Number SR–NASDAQ–2016–172 on the
subject line.
Paper Comments
• Send paper comments in triplicate
to Secretary, Securities and Exchange
Commission, 100 F Street NE.,
Washington, DC 20549–1090.
All submissions should refer to File
Number SR–NASDAQ–2016–172. This
file number should be included on the
subject line if email is used. To help the
Commission process and review your
comments more efficiently, please use
only one method. The Commission will
post all comments on the Commission’s
Internet Web site (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml). Copies of the
submission, all subsequent
amendments, all written statements
with respect to the proposed rule
change that are filed with the
Commission, and all written
communications relating to the
proposed rule change between the
Commission and any person, other than
those that may be withheld from the
public in accordance with the
provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be
available for Web site viewing and
printing in the Commission’s Public
11 15
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U.S.C. 78s(b)(3)(A)(ii).
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Reference Room, 100 F Street NE.,
Washington, DC 20549 on official
business days between the hours of
10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. Copies of such
filing also will be available for
inspection and copying at the principal
office of the Exchange. All comments
received will be posted without change;
the Commission does not edit personal
identifying information from
submissions. You should submit only
information that you wish to make
available publicly. All submissions
should refer to File Number SR–
NASDAQ–2016–172, and should be
submitted on or before January 18, 2017.
For the Commission, by the Division of
Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated
authority.12
Eduardo A. Aleman,
Assistant Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2016–31309 Filed 12–27–16; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
[Release No. 34–79643; File No. SR–FICC–
2016–801]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; Fixed
Income Clearing Corporation; Notice of
Filing of an Advance Notice To
Implement a Change to the
Methodology Used in the MBSD VaR
Model
December 21, 2016.
sradovich on DSK3GMQ082PROD with NOTICES
Pursuant to Section 806(e)(1) of Title
VIII of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street
Reform and Consumer Protection Act
entitled the Payment, Clearing, and
Settlement Supervision Act of 2010
(‘‘Clearing Supervision Act’’ or
‘‘Payment, Clearing and Settlement
Supervision Act’’) 1 and Rule 19b4(n)(1)(i) under the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934 (‘‘Act’’),2 notice is hereby
given that on November 23, 2016, the
Fixed Income Clearing Corporation
(‘‘FICC’’) filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission (‘‘Commission’’)
the advance notice as described in Items
I, II and III below, which Items have
been prepared primarily by FICC
(‘‘Advance Notice’’).3 The Commission
is publishing this notice to solicit
12 17
CFR 200.30–3(a)(12).
U.S.C. 5465(e)(1).
2 17 CFR 240.19b–4(n)(1)(i).
3 FICC also filed a proposed rule change with the
Commission pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Rule 19b–4
thereunder, seeking approval of changes to its rules
necessary to implement the proposal. 15 U.S.C.
78s(b)(1) and 17 CFR 240.19b–4. See File No. SR–
FICC–2016–007.
1 12
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comments on the Advance Notice from
interested persons.
I. Clearing Agency’s Statement of the
Terms of Substance of the Advance
Notice
The proposed change would change
the methodology that FICC uses in the
Mortgage-Backed Securities Division’s
(‘‘MBSD’’) value-at-risk (‘‘VaR’’) model
from one that employs a full revaluation
approach to one that would employ a
sensitivity approach, as described in
greater detail below.4
The proposed change would also
amend the MBSD Rules to (1) revise the
definition of VaR Charge to reference an
alternative volatility calculation
(referred to herein as the Margin Proxy
(as defined in Item II(B) below)), which
would be employed in the event that the
requisite data used to employ the
sensitivity approach is unavailable for
an extended period of time, (2) revise
the definition of VaR Charge to include
a minimum amount (the ‘‘VaR Floor’’)
that FICC would employ as an
alternative to the amount calculated by
the proposed VaR model for portfolios
where the VaR Floor would be greater
than the model-based charge amount,
(3) eliminate two components from the
Required Fund Deposit calculation that
would no longer be necessary following
implementation of the proposed VaR
model, and (4) change the margining
approach that FICC may employ for
certain securities with inadequate
historical pricing data from one that
calculates charges using a historic index
volatility model to one that would
employ a simple haircut method, as
described in greater detail below.
The proposed sensitivity approach
and Margin Proxy methodologies would
be reflected in the Methodology and
Model Operations Document—MBSD
Quantitative Risk Model (the ‘‘QRM
Methodology’’). FICC is requesting
confidential treatment of this document
and has filed it separately with the
Secretary of the Commission.5
II. Clearing Agency’s Statement of the
Purpose of, and Statutory Basis for, the
Advance Notice
In its filing with the Commission, the
clearing agency included statements
concerning the purpose of and basis for
the Advance Notice and discussed any
comments it received on the Advance
Notice. The text of these statements may
be examined at the places specified in
Item IV below. The clearing agency has
4 Capitalized terms used herein and not defined
shall have the meaning assigned to such terms in
the MBSD Clearing Rules (‘‘MBSD Rules’’) available
at www.dtcc.com/legal/rules-and-procedures.aspx.
5 See 17 CFR 240.24b–2.
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95669
prepared summaries, set forth in
sections A and B below, of the most
significant aspects of such statements.
(A) Clearing Agency’s Statement on
Comments on the Advance Notice
Received From Members, Participants or
Others
Written comments relating to the
proposed change have not been solicited
or received. FICC will notify the
Commission of any written comments
received by FICC
(B) Advance Notice Filed Pursuant to
Section 806(e) of the Payment, Clearing
and Settlement Supervision Act
Description of the Change
FICC is proposing to change the
methodology that is currently used in
MBSD’s VaR model from one that
employs a full revaluation approach to
one that would employ a sensitivity
approach. In connection with this
change, FICC is also proposing to (1)
amend the definition of VaR Charge to
reference that an alternative volatility
calculation (referred to herein as the
Margin Proxy (as defined in section B
below)) would be employed in the event
that the requisite data used to employ
the sensitivity approach is unavailable
for an extended period of time, (2)
revise the definition of VaR Charge to
include a VaR Floor that FICC would
employ as an alternative to the amount
calculated by the proposed VaR model
for portfolios where the VaR Floor
would be greater than the model-based
charge amount, (3) eliminate two
components from the Required Fund
Deposit calculation that would no
longer be necessary following
implementation of the proposed VaR
model, and (4) change the margining
approach that FICC may employ for
certain securities with inadequate
historical pricing data from one that
calculates charges using a historic index
volatility model to one that would
employ a simple haircut method. These
changes are described in more detail
below.
A. The Required Fund Deposit and
Clearing Fund Calculation Overview
A key tool that FICC uses to manage
market risk is the daily calculation and
collection of Required Fund Deposits
from Clearing Members. The Required
Fund Deposit serves as each Clearing
Member’s margin. The aggregate of all
Clearing Members’ Required Fund
Deposits constitutes the Clearing Fund
of MBSD, which FICC would access
should a defaulting Clearing Member’s
own Required Fund Deposit be
insufficient to satisfy losses to FICC
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Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 81, Number 249 (Wednesday, December 28, 2016)]
[Notices]
[Pages 95666-95669]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2016-31309]
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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
[Release No. 34-79649; File No. SR-NASDAQ-2016-172]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC;
Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of Proposed Rule Change To
Modify Administrative Charges for Distributors of Proprietary Data Feed
Products
December 21, 2016.
Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
(``Act''),\1\ and Rule 19b-4 thereunder,\2\ notice is hereby given that
on December 14, 2016, The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC (``Nasdaq'' or
``Exchange'') filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
(``SEC'' or ``Commission'') the proposed rule change as described in
Items I, II, and III below, which Items have been prepared by the
Exchange. The Commission is publishing this notice to solicit comments
on the proposed rule change from interested persons.
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\1\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
\2\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4.
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I. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Terms of the
Substance of the Proposed Rule Change
The Exchange proposes to amend the Exchange's data fees at Rule
7035 to change the billing cycle for administrative fees paid by
distributors of Nasdaq market data from annual to monthly, and to: (1)
Replace the current $500 annual administrative fee assessed to
distributors of delayed market data with a $50 monthly administrative
fee, and (2) replace the current $1,000 annual administrative fee
assessed to distributors of real-time market data with a $100 monthly
administrative fee. The proposal is described further below.\3\
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\3\ NASDAQ BX, Inc. and NASDAQ PHLX LLC are filing companion
proposals similar to this one. All three proposals will change the
billing cycle for administrative fees paid by distributors of market
data from annual to monthly, and will: (1) replace the current $500
annual administrative fee assessed to distributors of delayed market
data with a $50 monthly administrative fee, and (2) replace the
current $1,000 annual administrative fee assessed to distributors of
real-time market data with a $100 monthly administrative fee.
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While these amendments are effective upon filing, the Exchange has
designated the proposed amendments to be operative on January 1, 2017.
The text of the proposed rule change is available on the Exchange's
Web site at https://nasdaq.cchwallstreet.com, at the principal office of
the Exchange, and at the Commission's Public Reference Room.
II. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change
In its filing with the Commission, the Exchange included statements
concerning the purpose of and basis for the proposed rule change and
discussed any comments it received on the proposed rule change. The
text of these statements may be examined at the places specified in
Item IV below. The Exchange has prepared summaries, set forth in
sections A, B, and C below, of the most significant aspects of such
statements.
A. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change
1. Purpose
The purpose of the proposed rule change is to change the billing
cycle for administrative fees paid by distributors of Nasdaq market
data from annual to monthly, and to: (1) Replace the current $500
annual administrative fee assessed to distributors of delayed market
data with a $50 monthly administrative fee, and (2) replace the current
$1,000 annual administrative fee assessed to distributors of real-time
market data with a $100 monthly administrative fee.
Annual Administrative Fee
Nasdaq assesses an annual administrative fee to any market data
distributor that receives a proprietary market data product. The amount
of that fee is $500 for delayed market data and $1,000 for real-time
market data. Distributors of both delayed and real-time market data are
not required to pay both fees; they are charged only the higher fee.
The time difference between ``delayed'' and ``real-time'' data varies
by product. Nasdaq Basic data, for example, is considered delayed after
15 minutes, while data from the Nasdaq Market Pathfinders Service is
considered delayed after 24 hours. The specific delay interval
applicable to each product is published on the Nasdaq Trader Web site.
The fee is not prorated if the distributor receives the data feed for
less than a year.
Proposed Changes
The Exchange proposes to change the billing cycle for
administrative fees paid by distributors of Nasdaq market data from
annual to monthly, and to: (1) replace the current $500 annual
administrative fee assessed to distributors of delayed market data with
[[Page 95667]]
a $50 monthly administrative fee, and (2) replace the current $1,000
annual administrative fee assessed to distributors of real-time market
data with a $100 monthly administrative fee.
The purposes of the proposal are to: (1) facilitate billing by
aligning the current annual administrative fee billing cycle with
Nasdaq's standard monthly billing cycle; (2) allocate the fee more
equitably by charging distributors that receive less than a year of
market data an administrative fee only for those months that they
receive market data; (3) bring the Exchange's administrative fee into
alignment with the PSX and BX market data administrative fees, which,
after current proposals take effect, will be charged the same
administrative fees on the same billing cycle; and (4) offset cost
increases caused by general price inflation.
The complexity of administering Nasdaq's market data program has
increased significantly since the current fee was set in July of 2006.
New, more complex products and services require Nasdaq to expend more
resources in administration and monitoring. For example, the
introduction of Enhanced Display Solutions--which allow subscribers to
view Nasdaq market data on computer monitors and export it to
applications--required Nasdaq to create new reporting systems and
review mechanisms for the use of market data. New reporting and review
mechanisms also had to be created to implement Managed Data Solutions,
which allow electronic systems access to Nasdaq market data without
human intervention. The Nasdaq Basic Net Reporting Program--a service
that allows distributors to lower the cost of Nasdaq Basic by reporting
the number of natural persons using the data rather than the number of
electronic devices able to display that data--also required Nasdaq to
develop new reporting systems. All of these programs were created in
response to customer demand, and all require administrative
expenditures that had not been necessary when the amount of the
administrative fee was set in 2006.
The administrative fee is entirely optional in that it applies only
to firms that elect to distribute Nasdaq proprietary data.
The proposed changes do not raise the cost of any other Nasdaq
product, except to the extent that they increase the total cost of
purchasing market data.
2. Statutory Basis
The Exchange believes that its proposal is consistent with Section
6(b) of the Act,\4\ in general, and furthers the objectives of Sections
6(b)(4) and 6(b)(5) of the Act,\5\ in particular, in that it provides
for the equitable allocation of reasonable dues, fees and other charges
among members and issuers and other persons using any facility, and is
not designed to permit unfair discrimination between customers,
issuers, brokers, or dealers.
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\4\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b).
\5\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(4) and (5).
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The Commission and the courts have repeatedly expressed their
preference for competition over regulatory intervention in determining
prices, products, and services in the securities markets. In Regulation
NMS, while adopting a series of steps to improve the national market
system, the Commission highlighted the importance of market forces in
determining prices and SRO revenues and, also, recognized that current
regulation of the market system ``has been remarkably successful in
promoting market competition in its broader forms that are most
important to investors and listed companies.'' \6\
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\6\ Securities Exchange Act Release No. 51808 (June 9, 2005), 70
FR 37496, 37499 (June 29, 2005) (``Regulation NMS Adopting
Release'').
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Likewise, in NetCoalition v. Securities and Exchange Commission \7\
(``NetCoalition'') the D.C. Circuit upheld the Commission's use of a
market-based approach in evaluating the fairness of market data fees
against a challenge claiming that Congress mandated a cost-based
approach.\8\ As the court emphasized, the Commission ``intended in
Regulation NMS that `market forces, rather than regulatory
requirements' play a role in determining the market data . . . to be
made available to investors and at what cost.'' \9\
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\7\ NetCoalition v. SEC, 615 F.3d 525 (D.C. Cir. 2010).
\8\ See NetCoalition, at 534-535.
\9\ Id. at 537.
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Further, ``[n]o one disputes that competition for order flow is
`fierce.' . . . As the SEC explained, `[i]n the U.S. national market
system, buyers and sellers of securities, and the broker-dealers that
act as their order-routing agents, have a wide range of choices of
where to route orders for execution'; [and] `no exchange can afford to
take its market share percentages for granted' because `no exchange
possesses a monopoly, regulatory or otherwise, in the execution of
order flow from broker dealers' . . . .'' \10\
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\10\ Id. at 539 (quoting Securities Exchange Act Release No.
59039 (December 2, 2008), 73 FR 74770, 74782-83 (December 9, 2008)
(SR-NYSEArca-2006-21)).
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The Exchange believes that the proposal to replace the current $500
annual administrative fee assessed to distributors of delayed market
data with a $50 monthly administrative fee, and the current $1,000
annual administrative fee assessed to distributors of real-time data
with a $100 monthly administrative fee, is fair and equitable in
accordance with Section 6(b)(4) of the Act, and not unreasonably
discriminatory in accordance with Section 6(b)(5) of the Act. As
described above, the proposed fee change is reasonable and necessary to
facilitate billing, allocate fees more equitably, align administrative
fees with those of the PSX and BX exchanges, and to offset general
price inflation. Moreover, administrative fees are constrained by the
Exchange's need to compete for order flow.
The Exchange believes that the proposed change is an equitable
allocation and is not unfairly discriminatory because the Exchange will
apply the same fee to all similarly-situated distributors.
B. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement on Burden on Competition
The Exchange does not believe that the proposed rule change will
impose any burden on competition not necessary or appropriate in
furtherance of the purposes of the Act. In terms of inter-market
competition, the Exchange notes that it operates in a highly
competitive market in which market participants can readily favor
competing venues if they deem fee levels at a particular venue to be
excessive. In such an environment, the Exchange must continually adjust
its fees to remain competitive with other exchanges and with
alternative trading systems that have been exempted from compliance
with the statutory standards applicable to exchanges. Because
competitors are free to modify their own fees in response, and because
market participants may readily adjust their order routing practices,
the Exchange believes that the degree to which fee changes in this
market may impose any burden on competition is extremely limited.
The proposal is to replace the current $500 annual administrative
fee assessed to distributors of delayed market data with a $50 monthly
administrative fee, and the current $1,000 annual administrative fee
assessed to distributors of real-time market data with a $100 monthly
administrative fee. If the changes proposed herein are unattractive to
market participants, it is likely that the Exchange will lose market
share as a result.
Specifically, market forces constrain administrative fees in three
respects. First, all fees associated with
[[Page 95668]]
proprietary data are constrained by competition among exchanges and
other entities attracting order flow. Second, administrative fees
impact the total cost of market data, and are constrained by the total
cost of the market data offered by other entities. Third, competition
among distributors constrains the total cost of market data, including
administrative fees.
Competition for Order Flow
Administrative fees are constrained by competition among exchanges
and other entities seeking to attract order flow. Order flow is the
``life blood'' of the exchanges. Broker-dealers currently have numerous
alternative venues for their order flow, including self-regulatory
organization (``SRO'') markets, as well as internalizing broker-dealers
(``BDs'') and various forms of alternative trading systems (``ATSs''),
including dark pools and electronic communication networks (``ECNs'').
Each SRO market competes to produce transaction reports via trade
executions, and two FINRA-regulated Trade Reporting Facilities
(``TRFs'') compete to attract internalized transaction reports. The
existence of fierce competition for order flow implies a high degree of
price sensitivity on the part of BDs, which may readily reduce costs by
directing orders toward the lowest-cost trading venues.
The level of competition and contestability in the market for order
flow is demonstrated by the numerous examples of entrants that swiftly
grew into some of the largest electronic trading platforms and
proprietary data producers: Archipelago, Bloomberg Tradebook, Island,
RediBook, Attain, TracECN, BATS Trading and BATS/Direct Edge. A
proliferation of dark pools and other ATSs operate profitably with
fragmentary shares of consolidated market volume. For a variety of
reasons, competition from new entrants, especially for order execution,
has increased dramatically over the last decade.
Each SRO, TRF, ATS, and BD that competes for order flow is
permitted to produce proprietary data products. Many currently do or
have announced plans to do so, including NYSE, NYSE Amex, NYSE Arca,
BATS, and IEX. This is because Regulation NMS deregulated the market
for proprietary data. While BDs had previously published their
proprietary data individually, Regulation NMS encourages market data
vendors and BDs to produce market data products cooperatively in a
manner never before possible. Order routers and market data vendors can
facilitate production of proprietary data products for single or
multiple BDs. The potential sources of proprietary products are
virtually limitless.
The markets for order flow and market data are inextricably linked:
a trading platform cannot generate market information unless it
receives trade orders. As a result, the competition for order flow
constrains the prices that platforms can charge for proprietary data
products. Firms make decisions on how much and what types of data to
consume based on the total cost of interacting with Nasdaq and other
exchanges. Administrative fees are part of the total cost of
proprietary data. A supracompetitive increase in the fees charged for
either transactions or market data has the potential to impair revenues
from both products.
Competition From Market Data Providers
Administrative fees are constrained by competition from other
exchanges that sell market data, such as NYSE and BATS. If
administrative fees were to become excessive, distributors may elect to
discontinue one or two products or services purchased from Nasdaq, or
reduce the level of their purchases, to signal that the overall cost of
market data had become excessive. Such a reduction in purchases would
act as a discipline to Nasdaq's administrative fees, and would
constrain the Exchange in its pricing decisions.
Competition Among Distributors
Distributors provide another form of price discipline for market
data products. Distributors are in competition for users, and can
curtail their purchases of market data if the total price of market
data, including administrative fees, were set above competitive levels.
In summary, market forces constrain the level of administrative
fees through competition for order flow, competition from other sources
of proprietary data, and in the competition among distributors for
customers. For these reasons, the Exchange has provided a substantial
basis demonstrating that the fee is equitable, fair, reasonable, and
not unreasonably discriminatory, and therefore consistent with and in
furtherance of the purposes of the Exchange Act.
C. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement on Comments on the Proposed
Rule Change Received From Members, Participants, or Others
No written comments were either solicited or received.
III. Date of Effectiveness of the Proposed Rule Change and Timing for
Commission Action
The foregoing rule change has become effective pursuant to Section
19(b)(3)(A)(ii) of the Act.\11\
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\11\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(3)(A)(ii).
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At any time within 60 days of the filing of the proposed rule
change, the Commission summarily may temporarily suspend such rule
change if it appears to the Commission that such action is: (i)
Necessary or appropriate in the public interest; (ii) for the
protection of investors; or (iii) otherwise in furtherance of the
purposes of the Act. If the Commission takes such action, the
Commission shall institute proceedings to determine whether the
proposed rule should be approved or disapproved.
IV. Solicitation of Comments
Interested persons are invited to submit written data, views, and
arguments concerning the foregoing, including whether the proposed rule
change is consistent with the Act. Comments may be submitted by any of
the following methods:
Electronic Comments
Use the Commission's Internet comment form (https://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml); or
Send an email to rule-comments@sec.gov. Please include
File Number SR-NASDAQ-2016-172 on the subject line.
Paper Comments
Send paper comments in triplicate to Secretary, Securities
and Exchange Commission, 100 F Street NE., Washington, DC 20549-1090.
All submissions should refer to File Number SR-NASDAQ-2016-172. This
file number should be included on the subject line if email is used. To
help the Commission process and review your comments more efficiently,
please use only one method. The Commission will post all comments on
the Commission's Internet Web site (https://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml). Copies of the submission, all subsequent amendments, all
written statements with respect to the proposed rule change that are
filed with the Commission, and all written communications relating to
the proposed rule change between the Commission and any person, other
than those that may be withheld from the public in accordance with the
provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be available for Web site viewing and
printing in the Commission's Public
[[Page 95669]]
Reference Room, 100 F Street NE., Washington, DC 20549 on official
business days between the hours of 10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. Copies of
such filing also will be available for inspection and copying at the
principal office of the Exchange. All comments received will be posted
without change; the Commission does not edit personal identifying
information from submissions. You should submit only information that
you wish to make available publicly. All submissions should refer to
File Number SR-NASDAQ-2016-172, and should be submitted on or before
January 18, 2017.
For the Commission, by the Division of Trading and Markets,
pursuant to delegated authority.\12\
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\12\ 17 CFR 200.30-3(a)(12).
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Eduardo A. Aleman,
Assistant Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2016-31309 Filed 12-27-16; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011-01-P