Self-Regulatory Organizations; NYSE MKT LLC; Order Disapproving a Proposed Rule Change To Modify the NYSE Amex Options Fee Schedule With Respect to Fees, Rebates, and Credits for Transactions in the Customer Best Execution Auction, 74842-74847 [2016-25941]
Download as PDF
74842
Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 208 / Thursday, October 27, 2016 / Notices
sradovich on DSK3GMQ082PROD with NOTICES
provide comments on the proposed rule
change.
Pursuant to Section 19(b)(2)(B) of the
Act,13 the Commission is providing
notice of the grounds for disapproval
under consideration. The Commission is
instituting proceedings to allow for
additional analysis of the proposed rule
change’s consistency with Section
6(b)(5) of the Act, which requires,
among other things, that the rules of a
national securities exchange be
‘‘designed to prevent fraudulent and
manipulative acts and practices, to
promote just and equitable principles of
trade,’’ and ‘‘to protect investors and the
public interest.’’ 14
Under the proposal, BNYM will
calculate the Fund’s NAV at 12:00 p.m.,
Eastern time, every day the New York
Stock Exchange is open. In addition, to
initiate an order for a creation unit, the
Distributor or its agent must receive an
irrevocable order from an authorized
participant, in proper form, no later
than 12:00 p.m., Eastern time, in each
case on the date such order is placed in
order to receive that day’s NAV.
Likewise, with respect to redemptions,
an authorized participant must submit
an irrevocable request to redeem shares
of the Fund generally before 12:00 p.m.,
Eastern time on any business day in
order to receive that day’s NAV. The
Commission notes the proposal does not
provide any explanation for the early
NAV calculation time and creation and
redemption cut-off time. The proposal
also does not explain whether the early
NAV calculation time and creation and
redemption cut-off time would have any
impact on the trading of the Shares,
including any impact on arbitrage.
Accordingly, the Commission seeks
commenters’ views on the 12:00 p.m.
NAV calculation time and creation and
redemption cut-off time, and on
whether the Exchange’s statements
relating to the NAV calculation and the
creation and redemption process
support a determination that the listing
and trading of the Shares would be
consistent with Section 6(b)(5) of the
Act, which, among other things,
requires that the rules of an exchange be
designed to prevent fraudulent and
manipulative acts and practices, to
promote just and equitable principles of
trade, and to protect investors and the
public interest.
IV. Procedure: Request for Written
Comments
The Commission requests that
interested persons provide written
submissions of their views, data, and
13 Id.
14 15
U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).
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arguments with respect to the issues
identified above, as well as any other
concerns they may have with the
proposal. In particular, the Commission
invites the written views of interested
persons concerning whether the
proposal is consistent with Section
6(b)(5) or any other provision of the Act,
or the rules and regulations thereunder.
Although there do not appear to be any
issues relevant to approval or
disapproval that would be facilitated by
an oral presentation of views, data, and
arguments, the Commission will
consider, pursuant to Rule 19b-4, any
request for an opportunity to make an
oral presentation.15
Interested persons are invited to
submit written data, views, and
arguments regarding whether the
proposal should be approved or
disapproved by November 17, 2016.
Any person who wishes to file a rebuttal
to any other person’s submission must
file that rebuttal by December 1, 2016.
The Commission asks that commenters
address the sufficiency of the
Exchange’s statements in support of the
proposal, which are set forth in the
Notice,16 in addition to any other
comments they may wish to submit
about the proposed rule change.
Comments may be submitted by any
of the following methods:
Electronic Comments
• Use the Commission’s Internet
comment form (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml); or
• Send an email to rule-comments@
sec.gov. Please include File Number SR–
NYSEArca–2016–97 on the subject line.
Paper Comments
• Send paper comments in triplicate
to Secretary, Securities and Exchange
Commission, 100 F Street NE.,
Washington, DC 20549–1090.
All submissions should refer to File
Number SR–NYSEArca–2016–97. This
file number should be included on the
subject line if email is used. To help the
Commission process and review your
comments more efficiently, please use
only one method. The Commission will
post all comments on the Commission’s
Internet Web site (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml). Copies of the
15 Section 19(b)(2) of the Act, as amended by the
Securities Acts Amendments of 1975, Public Law
94–29 (June 4, 1975), grants the Commission
flexibility to determine what type of proceeding—
either oral or notice and opportunity for written
comments—is appropriate for consideration of a
particular proposal by a self-regulatory
organization. See Securities Acts Amendments of
1975, Senate Comm. on Banking, Housing & Urban
Affairs, S. Rep. No. 75, 94th Cong., 1st Sess. 30
(1975).
16 See supra note 3.
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submission, all subsequent
amendments, all written statements
with respect to the proposed rule
change that are filed with the
Commission, and all written
communications relating to the
proposed rule change between the
Commission and any person, other than
those that may be withheld from the
public in accordance with the
provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be
available for Web site viewing and
printing in the Commission’s Public
Reference Room, 100 F Street NE.,
Washington, DC 20549, on official
business days between the hours of
10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. Copies of the
filing also will be available for
inspection and copying at the principal
office of the Exchange. All comments
received will be posted without change;
the Commission does not edit personal
identifying information from
submissions. You should submit only
information that you wish to make
available publicly. All submissions
should refer to File Number SR–
NYSEArca–2016–97 and should be
submitted on or before November 17,
2016. Rebuttal comments should be
submitted by December 1, 2016.
For the Commission, by the Division of
Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated
authority.17
Brent J. Fields,
Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2016–25938 Filed 10–26–16; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
[Release No. 34–79135; File No. SR–
NYSEMKT–2016–45]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; NYSE
MKT LLC; Order Disapproving a
Proposed Rule Change To Modify the
NYSE Amex Options Fee Schedule
With Respect to Fees, Rebates, and
Credits for Transactions in the
Customer Best Execution Auction
October 21, 2016.
I. Introduction
On April 11, 2016, NYSE MKT LLC
(the ‘‘Exchange’’ or ‘‘NYSE MKT’’) filed
with the Securities and Exchange
Commission (the ‘‘Commission’’),
pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the
‘‘Act’’),1 and Rule 19b–4 thereunder,2 a
proposed rule change (File No. SR–
NYSEMKT–2016–45) to modify the
17 17
CFR 200.30–3(a)(57).
U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
2 17 CFR 240.19b–4.
1 15
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Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 208 / Thursday, October 27, 2016 / Notices
sradovich on DSK3GMQ082PROD with NOTICES
NYSE Amex Options Fee Schedule with
respect to fees, rebates, and credits
relating to the Exchange’s Customer Best
Execution Auction (‘‘CUBE Auction’’),3
and to increase credits available under
the Exchange’s Amex Customer
Engagement Program (‘‘ACE Program’’).4
The proposed rule change was
immediately effective upon filing with
the Commission pursuant to Section
19(b)(3)(A) of the Act.5 Notice of filing
of the proposed rule change was
published in the Federal Register on
April 26, 2016.6 On June 9, 2016, the
Commission temporarily suspended the
Exchange’s proposal and
simultaneously instituted proceedings
to determine whether to approve or
disapprove the proposed rule change.7
The Commission thereafter received ten
comment letters on the proposal, one of
which was from the Exchange.8 This
3 The CUBE Auction is a mechanism in which an
Exchange ATP Holder submits an agency order on
behalf of a customer for price improvement, paired
with a contra-side order guaranteeing execution of
the agency order at or better than the National Best
Bid or Offer (‘‘NBBO’’) depending on the
circumstances. The contra-side order could be for
the account of the ATP Holder that initiated the
CUBE Auction (‘‘Initiating Participant’’), or an order
solicited from another participant. The agency order
is exposed for a random period of time between 500
and 750 milliseconds in which other ATP Holders
submit competing interest at the same price as the
initial price or better (‘‘RFR Responses’’). The
Initiating Participant is guaranteed at least 40% of
any remainder of the order (after public customers
and better-priced RFR Responses) at the final price
for the CUBE order. See NYSE MKT Rule 971.1NY.
4 Under the ACE Program, credits are available to
ATP Holders that bring customer orders to the
Exchange based on the percentage (by tier) of
national industry customer volume those customer
orders comprise. See NYSE Amex Options Fee
Schedule Section I.E.
5 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(3)(A).
6 See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 77658
(April 20, 2016), 81 FR 24674 (‘‘Notice’’).
7 See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 78029,
81 FR 39089 (June 15, 2016) (‘‘Order Instituting
Proceedings’’).
8 See Letters to Brent J. Fields, Secretary,
Commission, from John C. Nagel, Managing Director
and Sr. Deputy General Counsel, Citadel LLC, dated
July 6, 2016 (‘‘Citadel Letter’’); Elizabeth K. King,
General Counsel and Corporate Secretary, New
York Stock Exchange, dated July 8, 2016 (‘‘NYSE
MKT Letter’’); Eric Chern, Chief Executive Officer,
CTC Trading Group, L.L.C., dated July 28, 2016
(‘‘CTC Letter’’); Sebastiaan Koeling, Chief Executive
Officer, Optiver US LLC, dated August 3, 2016
(‘‘Optiver Letter’’); Gerald D. O’Connell,
Susquehanna International Group, Andrew Stevens,
IMC Financial Markets LLC, Edward Haravon, Spot
Trading, Kurt Eckert, Wolverine Trading and Peter
Schwarz, Integral Derivatives, dated August 5, 2016
(‘‘Options Market Maker Firms Letter’’); John
Kinahan, Chief Executive Officer, Group One
Trading, L.P., dated August 8, 2016 (‘‘Group One
Letter’’); Joanna Mallers, Secretary, FIA Principal
Traders Group, dated August 10, 2016 (‘‘FIA PTG
Letter’’); John Russell, Chairman of the Board and
James Toes, President and CEO, Security Traders
Association, dated August 29, 2016 (‘‘STA Letter’’);
and John A. McCarthy, General Counsel, KCG
Holdings, Inc., dated September 16, 2016 (‘‘KCG
Letter’’); and Letter to Robert W. Errett, Deputy
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17:43 Oct 26, 2016
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order disapproves the proposed rule
change.
II. Description of the Proposed Rule
Change
The Exchange’s proposal amended
certain fees, rebates, and credits relating
to executions through its CUBE Auction.
First, the proposal increased the fees
assessed by the Exchange for RFR
Responses (i.e., orders and quotes
submitted during a CUBE Auction that
are executed against the agency order).9
Specifically, the Exchange increased
RFR Response fees for Non-Customers
(including market makers) from $0.12 to
$0.70 for classes subject to the Penny
Pilot 10 (‘‘Penny classes’’) and from
$0.12 to $1.05 for classes not subject to
the Penny Pilot (‘‘Non-Penny classes’’).
Further, the proposal increased a
rebate available to Initiating Participants
in CUBE Auctions (i.e., ATP Holders
that initiate such auctions) 11 under the
Exchange’s ACE Program. Specifically,
the proposal increased the rebate paid to
Initiating Participants that meet certain
tiers of the ACE Program from $0.05 to
$0.18 (the ‘‘ACE Initiating Participant
Rebate’’) for each of the first 5,000
Customer contracts of an agency order
executed in a CUBE Auction.12
Finally, the proposal increased the
credit paid by the Exchange to Initiating
Participants (the ‘‘break-up credit’’) for
each contract in the contra-side order
that is paired with the agency order that
does not trade with the agency order
because it is replaced in the auction.
Prior to the proposal, the credit granted
was $0.05 per contract in all classes.
The proposal raised it to $0.35 for
Penny classes and $0.70 for Non-Penny
classes.13
The amended fees resulted in a
proposed difference between the fees
charged to an Initiating Participant and
those charged to Non-Customer auction
responders that would be a minimum of
$0.65 in Penny classes and $1.00 in
Secretary, Commission, from Ellen Greene,
Managing Director, Securities Industry and
Financial Markets Association, dated July 12, 2016
(‘‘SIFMA Letter’’).
9 See supra note 3 and NYSE Amex Options Fee
Schedule, Section I.G.
10 See Commentary .02 to NYSE MKT Rule
960NY. See also Securities Exchange Act Release
No. 75281 (June 24, 2015), 80 FR 37338 (June 30,
2015) (SR–NYSEMKT–2015–43) (extending the
Penny Pilot through June 30, 2016).
11 See supra note 3.
12 See NYSE Amex Options Fee Schedule,
Section I.G.
13 See id. In addition to its proposed changes to
CUBE Auction fees and credits, the Exchange’s
proposal also increased certain credits available
through its ACE Program with respect to non-CUBE
transactions. See Notice, supra note 6, at 24674–75.
See also NYSE Amex Options Fee Schedule,
Section I.E.
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Sfmt 4703
74843
Non-Penny classes.14 Taking into
consideration that the ACE rebate
available to an Initiating Participant
submitting the agency order into the
CUBE Auction was increased to $0.18,
this proposed fee differential could be
as high as $0.83 per executed contract
for Penny classes, and $1.18 per
contract for Non-Penny classes.15
In its filing, the Exchange stated that
the changes to the CUBE Auction
transaction fees are reasonable,
equitable and not unfairly
discriminatory ‘‘because they apply
equally to all ATP Holders that choose
to participate in the CUBE, and access
to the Exchange is offered on terms that
are not unfairly discriminatory.’’ 16 The
Exchange also took the position, with
regard specifically to the ACE Initiating
Participant Credit, that the change is
reasonable, equitable, and not unfairly
discriminatory because it is ‘‘designed
to attract more volume and liquidity to
the Exchange generally, and to CUBE
Auctions specifically,’’ which,
according to the Exchange, ‘‘would
benefit all market participants . . .
through increased opportunities to trade
at potentially improved prices as well as
enhancing price discovery.’’ 17 The
Exchange stated that its proposal is
reasonable because it is similar to the
fee and credit structures previously
applied to the CUBE Auction and to fees
charged for similar auctions on other
exchanges.18 The Exchange further
stated that the proposal ‘‘would improve
the Exchange’s overall competitiveness
and strengthen its market quality for all
market participants.’’ 19 Finally, the
Exchange stated that it did not believe
the proposal would impose any
unnecessary or inappropriate burden on
competition because it is ‘‘procompetitive’’ and ‘‘designed to incent
increases in the number of CUBE
Auctions brought to the Exchange,’’
thereby ‘‘benefit[ting] all Exchange
participants through increased
opportunities to trade as well as
enhancing price discovery.’’ 20
14 See Order Instituting Proceedings, supra note 7,
at 39090 n.20.
15 See id. at 39091.
16 See Notice, supra note 6, at 24675.
17 See id. at 24675–76.
18 See id. at 24675 & n.10.
19 See id. at 24676. The Exchange stated that the
CUBE fee and credit adjustments established by the
instant proposal are consistent with the fees and
credits that were in place for the same items in its
Fee Schedule prior to February 2016. See id. at
24675 n.6.
20 See id. at 24676. The Exchange also noted that
it operates in a highly-competitive market. See id.
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Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 208 / Thursday, October 27, 2016 / Notices
III. Order Instituting Proceedings and
Comments Received
In the Order Instituting Proceedings,
the Commission stated that it would
further assess whether the proposal
satisfies the statutory provisions that
require exchange rules to: (1) provide
for the equitable allocation of reasonable
fees among members, issuers, and other
persons using its facilities; 21 (2) be
designed to perfect the mechanism of a
free and open market and a national
market system and to protect investors
and the public interest, and not be
designed to permit unfair
discrimination between customers,
issuers, brokers, or dealers; 22 and (3)
not impose any burden on competition
not necessary or appropriate in
furtherance of the purposes of the Act.23
In the Order Instituting Proceedings,
the Commission expressed concern
about the potential effect the proposal
could have on the operation of the
CUBE Auction and its potential to
provide price improvement to
customers, as well as about its effect
upon competition among participants
initiating CUBE Auctions and those
responding to them.24 The Commission
acknowledged that increasing the
rebates and break-up credits provided to
Initiating Participants likely would
strengthen their incentive to bring
customer orders to the Exchange.25
However, the Commission also noted
that substantially increasing the fees
paid by Non-Customer auction
responders could deter them from
participating in CUBE Auctions.26 The
Commission observed that in Penny
classes, for example, the fee charged
Non-Customer auction responders
would exceed one-half the minimum
trading increment, and the economic
differential between such auction
responders and the Initiating
Participants with whom they are
competing would be even more.27
Further, in the Order Instituting
Proceedings, the Commission raised
questions as to whether the proposal
would in fact provide the additional
trading opportunities for Non-Customer
auction responders and other market
quality benefits suggested by the
Exchange.28 The Commission noted that
the Exchange did not address the fact
sradovich on DSK3GMQ082PROD with NOTICES
21 15
U.S.C. 78f(b)(4).
U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).
23 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(8).
24 See Order Instituting Proceedings, supra note 7,
at 39090.
25 See id. at 39091.
26 See id.
27 See id. See also supra text accompanying notes
14 and 15.
28 See Order Instituting Proceedings, supra note 7,
at 39090.
22 15
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17:43 Oct 26, 2016
Jkt 241001
that the proposal would substantially
increase the difference in the fees
assessed by the Exchange on Initiating
Participants and Non-Customer auction
responders, and indicated that
substantially exacerbating the
differences in the fees assessed by the
Exchange on Initiating Participants and
those assessed on Non-Customer
auction responders raises issues as to
whether the proposal is equitable and
not unfairly discriminatory among
Exchange members.29 The Commission
also noted in the Order Instituting
Proceedings that the Exchange did not
support with specific reasoning or data
its statement that the proposal would
provide all members additional trading
opportunities and other market quality
benefits. The Commission further stated
that the Exchange did not sufficiently
address the potential burden that its
proposed fee changes would have on
competition between Initiating
Participants and Non-Customer auction
responders, or the prospect that
competition in CUBE Auctions could be
impaired, by substantially increasing
the auction response fees paid by NonCustomer auction responders. Moreover,
the Commission noted that the
Exchange did not address in any detail
the increases in the break-up credit
payable to an Initiating Participant for
each contract in a CUBE Order that is
executed by others, and why the
proposed increase in this payment is
reasonable, equitable, and not unfairly
discriminatory.30
The Commission received ten
comment letters in response to the
Order Instituting Proceedings, one of
which was from the Exchange.31 The
nine commenters other than the
Exchange either specifically
recommended that the Commission
disapprove the Exchange’s proposal or
expressed concerns about the proposal
in its current form.32 Broadly, these
commenters echoed many of the
concerns, summarized above, that were
raised by the Commission in the Order
Instituting Proceedings. Among other
things, commenters focused on the
potential impact of the proposed raising
of fees for Non-Customer auction
responders, increases in rebates to
Initiating Participants, and heightened
differential in the costs between NonCustomer auction responders and
Initiating Participants, that would result
from the proposal. They also questioned
29 See
id. at 39091.
id.
31 See supra note 8.
32 See SIFMA Letter; FIA PTG Letter; Options
Market Maker Firms Letter; Optiver Letter; Group
One Letter; STA Letter; CTC Letter; Citadel Letter;
KCG Letter.
30 See
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Sfmt 4703
the level of auction response fees
generally, the consequences of break-up
credits, and the potential effect of the
proposal on the quoting behavior of
market makers.
More specifically, many commenters
believed that the fee differentials
created by the Exchange’s proposal
would significantly favor Initiating
Participants over Non-Customer auction
responders.33 Some commenters
highlighted the fact that the proposed
increase in fees assessed on NonCustomer auction responders, without
any change to the Initiating Participant
fees, would widen the differential
between these two groups of
participants.34 Several commenters
acknowledged that the Exchange’s
auction fee structure was not unique in
providing for differentials, but
emphasized their belief that the
Exchange’s proposal would further and
unacceptably exacerbate a trend of
raising auction response fees and
widening differentials.35 To the extent
that the proposal would further increase
these fees and widen the disparity in
fees assessed on the different
participants, these commenters believed
that the proposal was inequitable,
unfairly discriminatory, and
unreasonably burdensome on
competition.36
A few commenters stated that an
effect of the proposed fees would be to
limit opportunities for price
improvement in the CUBE mechanism
by discouraging auction responders
from effectively participating.37 One of
these commenters further argued that
the diminished competition would
encourage Initiating Participants to
submit less competitive prices to begin
an auction.38 Two commenters took the
33 See, e.g., Citadel Letter at 2–3; CTC Letter at 2–
4; Group One Letter at 2; Options Market Maker
Firms Letter at 3; Optiver Letter at 2; KCG Letter
at 2, 6.
34 See Citadel Letter at 2; KCG Letter at 2.
35 See, e.g., Citadel Letter at 2–3 (stating that the
Exchange’s proposal would ‘‘significantly’’ increase
the difference in net cost to Non-Customer auction
responders as compared to Initiating Participants
and would be ‘‘starkly discriminatory’’); Options
Market Maker Firms Letter at 3–5; 8 (arguing that
the fee differential for participating in CUBE is ‘‘so
punitive that [Non-Customer auction responders]
cannot compete on price at anywhere near equal
terms with [Initiating Participants]’’ and objecting
to fee differentials that would be ‘‘significantly
higher’’ than any other options exchange auction);
Optiver Letter at 2, 4 (noting a ‘‘gross disparity in
fees’’ between Non-Customer auction responders
and Initiating Participants under the proposal and
finding such disparity to be the highest among
competing exchanges). See also STA Letter at 1
(suggesting that the Exchange be permitted to adopt
fees ‘‘more aligned with other exchanges’’).
36 See id.
37 See, e.g., Citadel Letter at 2–3; CTC Letter at 4;
Group One Letter at 2.
38 See Group One Letter at 2.
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Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 208 / Thursday, October 27, 2016 / Notices
position that it was unfairly
discriminatory to increase fees for NonCustomer auction responders while
correspondingly increasing rebates to
Initiating Participants.39 One of these
commenters further suggested that the
Commission impose a maximum fee
differential of $0.02 between Initiating
Participants and non-Initiating
Participants.40
Commenters expressed other concerns
as well. One commenter stated that high
response fees generally disincentivize
firms from responding to an auction and
offering price improvement.41 Another
commenter argued that auction response
fees are comparable to access fees
charged by exchanges and should be
limited more generally.42 Two
commenters supported limiting auction
response fees in both Penny and NonPenny classes to no more than half the
minimum trading increment.43 Another
commenter similarly supported a cap on
auction response fees, but stated that the
amount should be set at a much lower
level than half the minimum increment
in the Penny classes.44 Still another
commenter stated that an absolute cap
would not be necessary.45 Instead, this
commenter maintained, the Commission
should prohibit fee differentials
between market participants, reasoning
that, if exchanges were barred from
discriminating between participant
types, competitive market forces would
lower the absolute fee levels to a
reasonable amount.46 In addition, five
commenters expressed specific concern
about break-up credits,47 contending
that they are per se unfairly
discriminatory in that they provide a
benefit solely to Initiating Participants
sradovich on DSK3GMQ082PROD with NOTICES
39 See
CTC Letter at 2–4; KCG Letter at 2, 5–6.
40 See CTC Letter at 2–4 (comparing this proposed
limitation to transaction fee differentials between
directed and unaffiliated market makers trading
against a directed order).
41 See SIFMA Letter at 2.
42 See Citadel Letter at 4.
43 See Citadel Letter at 7; CTC Letter at 3. Citadel
supported limiting all transaction fees in Penny
classes at $0.50, and stated that the minimum
increment considered in setting auction fees should
be the minimum increment of an auction response.
Citadel Letter at 7. CTC stated that auction response
fees should be limited at $0.50 for all series because
all price improvement auctions allow responses in
penny increments. CTC Letter at 3.
44 See Options Market Maker Firms Letter at 9.
45 See Optiver Letter at 5.
46 Id. This commenter believes that, absent
discriminatory fees, competition would lead to an
amount that was much lower than half the
minimum trading increment. Id. The commenter
further stated that even if an absolute response fee
limitation were to be imposed, an exchange could
offer rebates sufficiently high to maintain a large
differential in fees between market participants. Id.
47 See supra text accompanying note 13.
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17:43 Oct 26, 2016
Jkt 241001
and thereby discourage competition and
limit price improvement.48
Several commenters expressed
concern that high transaction fees in
auction mechanisms generally, not only
the fees under the Exchange’s proposal,
could harm options market quality by
negatively impacting market maker
quoting behavior.49 A few commenters
believed that high auction response fees,
such as those proposed by the
Exchange, would discourage quoting in
the options markets because they would
encourage increased internalization in
the auctions.50 One of these commenters
stated that market makers would
respond to the proposed fees by
reducing the number, size, and quality
of their displayed quotations.51 Another
commenter believed that this would
diminish the degree of actual price
improvement provided by the auctions,
because, while auction executions will
occur at or better than the NBBO, this
NBBO may have been better at the
outset if not for the negative effects of
the high auction fees.52 One commenter
contended that increased transaction
fees in general, and especially
disproportionate fees among various
market participants, will lead to overall
decreased competition and liquidity in
the options market.53 In addition,
several commenters expressed concerns
that break-up fees, break-up credits,
auto-match functionality, and the ability
to initiate an auction at the NBBO are
all among features of auctions that may
incentivize internalization, decrease
competition, and impair market
quality.54 Finally, commenters broadly
suggested that the Commission conduct
a holistic review of options exchange
electronic auction mechanisms.55
48 See CTC Letter at 4; Options Market Maker
Firms Letter at 4; Optiver Letter at 3; Group One
Trading Letter at 2–3; STA Letter at 2–3.
49 See, e.g., Citadel Letter at 6; FIA PTG Letter at
1; NYSE MKT Letter at 2; Options Market Maker
Firms Letter at 2–3, 6; SIFMA Letter at 2; KCG
Letter at 2.
50 See, e.g., Citadel Letter at 6; Options Market
Maker Firms Letter at 6; SIFMA Letter at 2. In
response, the Exchange acknowledged that price
improvement auctions encourage internalization to
the detriment of displayed market maker
quotations, but argued that this was the result of a
lack of guaranteed price improvement in most
exchanges’ auctions. See NYSE MKT Letter at 2.
51 See Citadel Letter at 6.
52 See Options Market Maker Firms Letter at 2–
3.
53 See FIA PTG Letter at 1.
54 See, e.g., FIA PTG Letter at 2, Options Market
Maker Firms Letter at 3, CTC Letter at 3.
55 See Citadel Letter at 7; CTC Letter at 1; FIA
PTG Letter at 2; Group One Trading Letter at 1, 3;
NYSE MKT Letter at 4–5; Options Market Maker
Firms Letter at 2; Optiver Letter at 1, 4; SIFMA
Letter at 3; STA Letter at 3; KCG Letter at 5–6. The
Commission notes that while the Exchange
supported such a review in its letter, the Exchange
PO 00000
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Sfmt 4703
74845
In its comment letter, the Exchange
broadly expressed concerns with
options exchange electronic auction
mechanisms, and stated its belief that
such mechanisms should guarantee
price improvement.56 However, the
Exchange did not provide additional
justification for the proposal, or respond
specifically to the concerns expressed in
the Order Instituting Proceedings.
Rather, the Exchange stated that its
proposal was developed in response to
competitive concerns and that the
suspension placed it at a competitive
disadvantage compared to other
exchanges with comparable fees that
were unaffected by the Order Instituting
Proceedings.57 The Exchange requested
that the Commission end its temporary
suspension of the proposal while the
Commission undertakes a broad review
of the fee structures applied by the
options exchanges to their price
improvement auctions.58
IV. Discussion and Commission
Findings
Under Section 19(b)(2)(C) of the
Act,59 the Commission shall approve a
proposed rule change of a selfregulatory organization if it finds that
such proposed rule change is consistent
with the requirements of the Act and the
rules and regulations thereunder that
are applicable to such organization.60
The Commission shall disapprove a
proposed rule change if it does not make
such a finding.61 Rule 700(b)(3) of the
Commission’s Rules of Practice states
that the ‘‘burden to demonstrate that a
proposed rule change is consistent with
the Exchange Act and the rules and
regulations issued thereunder . . . is on
the self-regulatory organization that
proposed the rule change’’ and that a
‘‘mere assertion that the proposed rule
change is consistent with those
requirements . . . is not sufficient.’’ 62
requested that the Commission end the suspension
of the instant filing while undertaking this review.
See NYSE MKT Letter at 5.
56 See NYSE MKT Letter at 4.
57 See id. at 3–4 In particular, the Exchange stated
that it was aware of two other options exchanges
that, like the Exchange, were charging auction
response fees in Penny classes of more than $0.50
per contract. See id. at 4.
58 See id. at 1, 4.
59 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(2)(C).
60 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(2)(C)(i).
61 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(2)(C)(ii); see also 17 CFR
201.700(b)(3).
62 17 CFR 201.700(b)(3). The description of a
proposed rule change, its purpose and operation, its
effect, and a legal analysis of its consistency with
applicable requirements must all be sufficiently
detailed and specific to support an affirmative
Commission finding. See id. Any failure of a selfregulatory organization to provide the information
elicited by Form 19b–4 may result in the
Commission not having a sufficient basis to make
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sradovich on DSK3GMQ082PROD with NOTICES
In the Order Instituting Proceedings,
the Commission raised concerns about
the effect the proposal could have on
the operation of the CUBE Auction and
its ability to provide price improvement
to customers, as well as the impact it
could have on competition among
participants initiating CUBE Auctions
and those responding to them.63 The
Commission pointed to several specific
elements of the proposal for which, in
its view, the Exchange had not provided
sufficient justification to enable the
Commission to find that the proposal
was consistent with the Act.64 In
particular, the Commission noted that
the Exchange justified the proposal on
the grounds that it would create
incentives for Initiating Participants to
bring customer orders to the Exchange,
and thereby benefit all members by
providing more trading opportunities,
potential price improvement, tighter
spreads, and enhanced market quality.65
The Commission acknowledged that
increasing the rebates and break-up
credits provided to Initiating
Participants likely would strengthen
their incentives to bring customer orders
to the Exchange, but expressed concern
that substantially increasing the fees
paid by Non-Customer auction
responders could deter them from
participating in CUBE Auctions.66 The
Commission further noted that the
proposal would substantially exacerbate
the differences in the fees assessed by
the Exchange on Non-Customer auction
responders as compared to those for
Initiating Participants.67 The
Commission stated that in Penny
classes, for example, the fee charged
Non-Customer auction responders
would exceed one-half the minimum
trading increment, and the economic
differential between Non-Customer
auction responders and the Initiating
Participants with whom they are
competing would be even more.68
Accordingly, the Commission believed
that questions were raised as to whether
the proposal would in fact provide the
additional trading opportunities for
non-Initiating Participants and other
market quality benefits suggested by the
Exchange.69
an affirmative finding that a proposed rule change
is consistent with the Exchange Act and the rules
and regulations issued thereunder that are
applicable to the self-regulatory organization. Id.
63 See Order Instituting Proceedings, supra note 7,
at 39090.
64 See id.
65 See id. at 39091.
66 See id.
67 See id.
68 See id.
69 See id.
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As discussed above, most commenters
broadly echoed the Commission’s
concerns, and several expressed the
view that the proposal would not
provide the additional trading
opportunities for non-Initiating
Participants and other market quality
benefits suggested by the Exchange.
Specifically, several commenters stated
that an effect of the proposed fees would
be to limit opportunities for price
improvement in the CUBE mechanism
by discouraging auction responders
from effectively participating,70 and
expressed concern that the fee structure
in auction mechanisms could harm
options market quality by negatively
impacting market maker quoting
behavior.71 In addition, commenters
were concerned that the proposed fees
would widen the cost differential
between Non-Customer auction
responders and Initiating Participants
such that the differential would be
excessive as compared with those of
other options exchanges.72
In its comment letter, the Exchange
did not respond specifically to the
concerns articulated in the Order
Instituting Proceedings or in the
comments, or otherwise offer any
additional information to support its
view that the proposal would provide
additional trading opportunities for
non-Initiating Participants and other
market quality benefits.73 The Exchange
simply characterized its proposal as a
competitive response to certain other
options exchanges, two of which had
been charging auction response fees in
Penny classes in excess of $0.50 per
contract. The Commission notes that, in
the interim, both such exchanges have
reduced their auction response fees
(inclusive of marketing fees) so that they
no longer exceed half the minimum
trading increment in Penny classes.74
70 See
supra note 37.
supra notes 50–52 and accompanying text.
72 See supra notes 33–36 and accompanying text.
73 In particular, the Exchange did not address the
fact that the proposal would substantially increase
the difference in the fees assessed by the Exchange
on Initiating Participants and Non-Customer
auction responders; did not support with specific
reasoning or data its statement that the proposal
would provide all members additional trading
opportunities and other market quality benefits; did
not sufficiently address the potential burden that its
proposed fee changes would have on competition
between Initiating Participants and Non-Customer
auction responders, or the prospect that, by
substantially increasing the auction response fees
paid by Non-Customer auction responders,
competition in CUBE Auctions could be impaired;
and did not address in any detail the increases in
the break-up credit payable to Initiating Participants
for each contract that they are not able to execute
in CUBE, and why this payment is reasonable,
equitable, and not unfairly discriminatory.
74 See Securities Exchange Act Release Nos.
78117 (June 21, 2016), 81 FR 41634 (June 27, 2016)
As noted, Rule 700(b)(3) of the
Commission’s Rules of Practice states
that the ‘‘burden to demonstrate that a
proposed rule change is consistent with
the Exchange Act and the rules and
regulations issued thereunder . . . is on
the self-regulatory organization that
proposed the rule change’’ and that a
‘‘mere assertion that the proposed rule
change is consistent with those
requirements . . . is not sufficient.’’ 75
The Exchange has taken the position
that its proposal meets applicable
Exchange Act standards, including that
fees be reasonable, equitably allocated,
and not unfairly discriminatory, and
that they not impose any unnecessary or
inappropriate burden on competition,
on the grounds that the proposed fee
changes would benefit all market
participants through increased trading
opportunities and improved market
quality. Although the Commission
expressed concern, in the Order
Instituting Proceedings, that the
reasoning behind this assertion was not
clear and no supporting data had been
provided, the Exchange has offered no
additional justification or evidence to
support this key aspect of its statutory
basis.
Accordingly, after careful
consideration, the Commission does not
find that the proposed rule change is
consistent with the requirements of the
Act and the rules and regulations
thereunder applicable to a national
securities exchange.76 In particular, the
Commission does not find that the
proposed rule change is consistent with:
(1) Section 6(b)(4) of the Act,77 which
requires that the rules of a national
securities exchange provide for the
equitable allocation of reasonable dues,
fees, and other charges among its
members and issuers and other persons
71 See
PO 00000
Frm 00085
Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
(SR–NYSEMKT–2016–60); 78394 (July 22, 2016), 81
FR 49709 (July 28, 2016) (SR-Phlx–2016–77); 78427
(July 27, 2016), 81 FR 50777 (August 2, 2016) (SR–
BOX–2016–34).
75 17 CFR 201.700(b)(3). The description of a
proposed rule change, its purpose and operation, its
effect, and a legal analysis of its consistency with
applicable requirements must all be sufficiently
detailed and specific to support an affirmative
Commission finding. See id. Any failure of a selfregulatory organization to provide the information
elicited by Form 19b–4 may result in the
Commission not having a sufficient basis to make
an affirmative finding that a proposed rule change
is consistent with the Exchange Act and the rules
and regulations issued thereunder that are
applicable to the self-regulatory organization. Id.
76 In disapproving the proposed rule change, the
Commission has considered the proposed rule’s
impact on efficiency, competition, and capital
formation. See 15 U.S.C. 78c(f).
77 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(4).
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Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 208 / Thursday, October 27, 2016 / Notices
using its facilities; (2) Section 6(b)(5) of
the Act,78 which requires that the rules
of a national securities exchange be
designed, among other things, to
prevent fraudulent and manipulative
acts and practices, to promote just and
equitable principles of trade, to remove
impediments to and perfect the
mechanism of a free and open market
and a national market system, and, in
general, to protect investors and the
public interest, and not be designed to
permit unfair discrimination between
customers, issuers, brokers, or dealers;
and (3) Section 6(b)(8) of the Act,79
which requires that the rules of a
national securities exchange do not
impose any burden on competition not
necessary or appropriate in furtherance
of the purposes of the Act. Because any
of these determinations under the Act
independently necessitates
disapproving the proposal, the
Commission does so.
V. Conclusion
For the reasons set forth above, the
Commission does not find that the
proposed rule change is consistent with
the Act and the rules and regulations
thereunder applicable to a national
securities exchange, and in particular,
Sections 6(b)(4), 6(b)(5), and 6(b)(8) of
the Act.
It is therefore ordered, pursuant to
Section 19(b)(2) of the Act,80 that the
proposed rule change (SR–NYSEMKT–
2016–45) be, and hereby is,
disapproved.
For the Commission, by the Division of
Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated
authority.81
Brent J. Fields,
Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2016–25941 Filed 10–26–16; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
[Release No. 34–79130; File No. SR–NYSE–
2016–67]
sradovich on DSK3GMQ082PROD with NOTICES
Self-Regulatory Organizations; New
York Stock Exchange LLC; Notice of
Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of
Proposed Rule Change Amending Rule
497
October 21, 2016.
Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) 1 of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the
78 15
U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).
U.S.C. 78f(b)(8).
80 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(2).
81 17 CFR 200.30–3(a)(57) and (58).
1 15 U.S.C.78s(b)(1).
79 15
VerDate Sep<11>2014
17:43 Oct 26, 2016
Jkt 241001
‘‘Act’’) 2 and Rule 19b–4 thereunder,3
notice is hereby given that on October
13, 2016, New York Stock Exchange
LLC (‘‘NYSE’’ or the ‘‘Exchange’’) filed
with the Securities and Exchange
Commission (the ‘‘Commission’’) the
proposed rule change as described in
Items I and II below, which Items have
been prepared by the self-regulatory
organization. The Commission is
publishing this notice to solicit
comments on the proposed rule change
from interested persons.
I. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Terms of Substance of
the Proposed Rule Change
The Exchange proposes to amend
Rule 497 regarding the requirements for
the listing of securities that are issued
by the Exchange or any of its affiliates.
The proposed rule change is available
on the Exchange’s Web site at
www.nyse.com, at the principal office of
the Exchange, and at the Commission’s
Public Reference Room.
II. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
Change
In its filing with the Commission, the
self-regulatory organization included
statements concerning the purpose of,
and basis for, the proposed rule change
and discussed any comments it received
on the proposed rule change. The text
of those statements may be examined at
the places specified in Item IV below.
The Exchange has prepared summaries,
set forth in sections A, B, and C below,
of the most significant parts of such
statements.
A. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Purpose of, and the
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
Change
1. Purpose
The Exchange proposes to amend
Rule 497 (Additional Requirements for
Listed Securities Issued by
Intercontinental Exchange, Inc. or its
Affiliates) regarding the requirements
for the listing of securities that are
issued by the Exchange or any of its
affiliates. Rule 497 sets forth certain
requirements that securities issued by
the Exchange’s ultimate parent,
Intercontinental Exchange, Inc. (‘‘ICE’’),
or its affiliates, must meet before they
can be listed on the Exchange, including
certain pre-listing approvals and postlisting monitoring requirements.
Specifically, the Exchange is
proposing to make the following
2 15
3 17
PO 00000
U.S.C. 78a.
CFR 240.19b–4.
Frm 00086
Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
74847
changes to Rule 497: (i) Expand the
definition of Affiliate Security under
Rule 497(a)(2); (ii) require that the
annual review required under Rule
497(c)(2) be forwarded to the Exchange’s
Regulatory Oversight Committee
(‘‘ROC’’); and (iii) make non-substantive
typographical changes.
Rule 497(a)(2) currently defines
‘‘Affiliate Security’’ as ‘‘any security
issued by an ICE Affiliate, with the
exception of Investment Company Units
as defined in Para. 703.16 of the Listed
Company Manual.’’ 4 The Exchange
proposes to expand the definition of
Affiliate Security to include any
Exchange-listed option on any security
issued by an ICE Affiliate. As a
consequence, under Rule 497(b), prior
to listing any new class of options on a
security issued by an ICE Affiliate,
Exchange regulatory staff would be
required to make a finding that the
option class satisfies the Exchange’s
rules for listing, and the ROC would be
required to approve such finding.
Likewise, throughout the continued
listing of such option class on the
Exchange, it would be covered by the
reporting requirements of Rule 497(c).
In a non-substantive grammatical
change to Rule 497(a)(2), the Exchange
also proposes to replace the ‘‘a’’ before
‘‘ICE Affiliate’’ with ‘‘an.’’
In the event that an ICE Affiliate lists
an Affiliate Security, Rule 497(c)(2)
requires that, throughout the continued
listing of the Affiliate Security on the
Exchange, an independent accounting
firm will review the listing standards for
the Affiliate Security and a copy of the
report shall be forwarded promptly to
the Securities and Exchange
Commission (‘‘Commission’’). The
Exchange proposes to expand Rule
497(c)(2) to require that such report also
be forwarded to the ROC.
The Exchange proposes to make the
following additional, non-substantive
changes to Rule 497(c):
• It proposes to move ‘‘the Exchange
shall’’ from the end of Rule 497(c) to the
start of Rule 497(c)(1), as the text only
applies to Rule 497(c)(1), and not subparagraphs (2) or (3), and change ‘‘shall’’
to ‘‘will.’’
• It proposes to add ‘‘and trading’’
after ‘‘Throughout the continued
listing’’ in Rule 497(c), as Rule 497 (c)(1)
4 For purposes of Rule 497, an ‘‘ICE Affiliate’’ is
‘‘ICE and any entity that directly or indirectly,
through one or more intermediaries, controls, is
controlled by, or is under common control with
ICE, where ‘control’ means that one entity
possesses, directly or indirectly, voting control of
the other entity either through ownership of capital
stock or other equity securities or through majority
representation on the board of directors or other
management body of such entity.’’ Rule 497(a)(1).
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Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 81, Number 208 (Thursday, October 27, 2016)]
[Notices]
[Pages 74842-74847]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2016-25941]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
[Release No. 34-79135; File No. SR-NYSEMKT-2016-45]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; NYSE MKT LLC; Order Disapproving a
Proposed Rule Change To Modify the NYSE Amex Options Fee Schedule With
Respect to Fees, Rebates, and Credits for Transactions in the Customer
Best Execution Auction
October 21, 2016.
I. Introduction
On April 11, 2016, NYSE MKT LLC (the ``Exchange'' or ``NYSE MKT'')
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the ``Commission''),
pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
(the ``Act''),\1\ and Rule 19b-4 thereunder,\2\ a proposed rule change
(File No. SR-NYSEMKT-2016-45) to modify the
[[Page 74843]]
NYSE Amex Options Fee Schedule with respect to fees, rebates, and
credits relating to the Exchange's Customer Best Execution Auction
(``CUBE Auction''),\3\ and to increase credits available under the
Exchange's Amex Customer Engagement Program (``ACE Program'').\4\ The
proposed rule change was immediately effective upon filing with the
Commission pursuant to Section 19(b)(3)(A) of the Act.\5\ Notice of
filing of the proposed rule change was published in the Federal
Register on April 26, 2016.\6\ On June 9, 2016, the Commission
temporarily suspended the Exchange's proposal and simultaneously
instituted proceedings to determine whether to approve or disapprove
the proposed rule change.\7\ The Commission thereafter received ten
comment letters on the proposal, one of which was from the Exchange.\8\
This order disapproves the proposed rule change.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
\2\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4.
\3\ The CUBE Auction is a mechanism in which an Exchange ATP
Holder submits an agency order on behalf of a customer for price
improvement, paired with a contra-side order guaranteeing execution
of the agency order at or better than the National Best Bid or Offer
(``NBBO'') depending on the circumstances. The contra-side order
could be for the account of the ATP Holder that initiated the CUBE
Auction (``Initiating Participant''), or an order solicited from
another participant. The agency order is exposed for a random period
of time between 500 and 750 milliseconds in which other ATP Holders
submit competing interest at the same price as the initial price or
better (``RFR Responses''). The Initiating Participant is guaranteed
at least 40% of any remainder of the order (after public customers
and better-priced RFR Responses) at the final price for the CUBE
order. See NYSE MKT Rule 971.1NY.
\4\ Under the ACE Program, credits are available to ATP Holders
that bring customer orders to the Exchange based on the percentage
(by tier) of national industry customer volume those customer orders
comprise. See NYSE Amex Options Fee Schedule Section I.E.
\5\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(3)(A).
\6\ See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 77658 (April 20,
2016), 81 FR 24674 (``Notice'').
\7\ See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 78029, 81 FR 39089
(June 15, 2016) (``Order Instituting Proceedings'').
\8\ See Letters to Brent J. Fields, Secretary, Commission, from
John C. Nagel, Managing Director and Sr. Deputy General Counsel,
Citadel LLC, dated July 6, 2016 (``Citadel Letter''); Elizabeth K.
King, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary, New York Stock
Exchange, dated July 8, 2016 (``NYSE MKT Letter''); Eric Chern,
Chief Executive Officer, CTC Trading Group, L.L.C., dated July 28,
2016 (``CTC Letter''); Sebastiaan Koeling, Chief Executive Officer,
Optiver US LLC, dated August 3, 2016 (``Optiver Letter''); Gerald D.
O'Connell, Susquehanna International Group, Andrew Stevens, IMC
Financial Markets LLC, Edward Haravon, Spot Trading, Kurt Eckert,
Wolverine Trading and Peter Schwarz, Integral Derivatives, dated
August 5, 2016 (``Options Market Maker Firms Letter''); John
Kinahan, Chief Executive Officer, Group One Trading, L.P., dated
August 8, 2016 (``Group One Letter''); Joanna Mallers, Secretary,
FIA Principal Traders Group, dated August 10, 2016 (``FIA PTG
Letter''); John Russell, Chairman of the Board and James Toes,
President and CEO, Security Traders Association, dated August 29,
2016 (``STA Letter''); and John A. McCarthy, General Counsel, KCG
Holdings, Inc., dated September 16, 2016 (``KCG Letter''); and
Letter to Robert W. Errett, Deputy Secretary, Commission, from Ellen
Greene, Managing Director, Securities Industry and Financial Markets
Association, dated July 12, 2016 (``SIFMA Letter'').
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
II. Description of the Proposed Rule Change
The Exchange's proposal amended certain fees, rebates, and credits
relating to executions through its CUBE Auction. First, the proposal
increased the fees assessed by the Exchange for RFR Responses (i.e.,
orders and quotes submitted during a CUBE Auction that are executed
against the agency order).\9\ Specifically, the Exchange increased RFR
Response fees for Non-Customers (including market makers) from $0.12 to
$0.70 for classes subject to the Penny Pilot \10\ (``Penny classes'')
and from $0.12 to $1.05 for classes not subject to the Penny Pilot
(``Non-Penny classes'').
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\9\ See supra note 3 and NYSE Amex Options Fee Schedule, Section
I.G.
\10\ See Commentary .02 to NYSE MKT Rule 960NY. See also
Securities Exchange Act Release No. 75281 (June 24, 2015), 80 FR
37338 (June 30, 2015) (SR-NYSEMKT-2015-43) (extending the Penny
Pilot through June 30, 2016).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Further, the proposal increased a rebate available to Initiating
Participants in CUBE Auctions (i.e., ATP Holders that initiate such
auctions) \11\ under the Exchange's ACE Program. Specifically, the
proposal increased the rebate paid to Initiating Participants that meet
certain tiers of the ACE Program from $0.05 to $0.18 (the ``ACE
Initiating Participant Rebate'') for each of the first 5,000 Customer
contracts of an agency order executed in a CUBE Auction.\12\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\11\ See supra note 3.
\12\ See NYSE Amex Options Fee Schedule, Section I.G.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Finally, the proposal increased the credit paid by the Exchange to
Initiating Participants (the ``break-up credit'') for each contract in
the contra-side order that is paired with the agency order that does
not trade with the agency order because it is replaced in the auction.
Prior to the proposal, the credit granted was $0.05 per contract in all
classes. The proposal raised it to $0.35 for Penny classes and $0.70
for Non-Penny classes.\13\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\13\ See id. In addition to its proposed changes to CUBE Auction
fees and credits, the Exchange's proposal also increased certain
credits available through its ACE Program with respect to non-CUBE
transactions. See Notice, supra note 6, at 24674-75. See also NYSE
Amex Options Fee Schedule, Section I.E.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The amended fees resulted in a proposed difference between the fees
charged to an Initiating Participant and those charged to Non-Customer
auction responders that would be a minimum of $0.65 in Penny classes
and $1.00 in Non-Penny classes.\14\ Taking into consideration that the
ACE rebate available to an Initiating Participant submitting the agency
order into the CUBE Auction was increased to $0.18, this proposed fee
differential could be as high as $0.83 per executed contract for Penny
classes, and $1.18 per contract for Non-Penny classes.\15\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\14\ See Order Instituting Proceedings, supra note 7, at 39090
n.20.
\15\ See id. at 39091.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
In its filing, the Exchange stated that the changes to the CUBE
Auction transaction fees are reasonable, equitable and not unfairly
discriminatory ``because they apply equally to all ATP Holders that
choose to participate in the CUBE, and access to the Exchange is
offered on terms that are not unfairly discriminatory.'' \16\ The
Exchange also took the position, with regard specifically to the ACE
Initiating Participant Credit, that the change is reasonable,
equitable, and not unfairly discriminatory because it is ``designed to
attract more volume and liquidity to the Exchange generally, and to
CUBE Auctions specifically,'' which, according to the Exchange, ``would
benefit all market participants . . . through increased opportunities
to trade at potentially improved prices as well as enhancing price
discovery.'' \17\ The Exchange stated that its proposal is reasonable
because it is similar to the fee and credit structures previously
applied to the CUBE Auction and to fees charged for similar auctions on
other exchanges.\18\ The Exchange further stated that the proposal
``would improve the Exchange's overall competitiveness and strengthen
its market quality for all market participants.'' \19\ Finally, the
Exchange stated that it did not believe the proposal would impose any
unnecessary or inappropriate burden on competition because it is ``pro-
competitive'' and ``designed to incent increases in the number of CUBE
Auctions brought to the Exchange,'' thereby ``benefit[ting] all
Exchange participants through increased opportunities to trade as well
as enhancing price discovery.'' \20\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\16\ See Notice, supra note 6, at 24675.
\17\ See id. at 24675-76.
\18\ See id. at 24675 & n.10.
\19\ See id. at 24676. The Exchange stated that the CUBE fee and
credit adjustments established by the instant proposal are
consistent with the fees and credits that were in place for the same
items in its Fee Schedule prior to February 2016. See id. at 24675
n.6.
\20\ See id. at 24676. The Exchange also noted that it operates
in a highly-competitive market. See id.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
[[Page 74844]]
III. Order Instituting Proceedings and Comments Received
In the Order Instituting Proceedings, the Commission stated that it
would further assess whether the proposal satisfies the statutory
provisions that require exchange rules to: (1) provide for the
equitable allocation of reasonable fees among members, issuers, and
other persons using its facilities; \21\ (2) be designed to perfect the
mechanism of a free and open market and a national market system and to
protect investors and the public interest, and not be designed to
permit unfair discrimination between customers, issuers, brokers, or
dealers; \22\ and (3) not impose any burden on competition not
necessary or appropriate in furtherance of the purposes of the Act.\23\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\21\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(4).
\22\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).
\23\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(8).
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In the Order Instituting Proceedings, the Commission expressed
concern about the potential effect the proposal could have on the
operation of the CUBE Auction and its potential to provide price
improvement to customers, as well as about its effect upon competition
among participants initiating CUBE Auctions and those responding to
them.\24\ The Commission acknowledged that increasing the rebates and
break-up credits provided to Initiating Participants likely would
strengthen their incentive to bring customer orders to the
Exchange.\25\ However, the Commission also noted that substantially
increasing the fees paid by Non-Customer auction responders could deter
them from participating in CUBE Auctions.\26\ The Commission observed
that in Penny classes, for example, the fee charged Non-Customer
auction responders would exceed one-half the minimum trading increment,
and the economic differential between such auction responders and the
Initiating Participants with whom they are competing would be even
more.\27\
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\24\ See Order Instituting Proceedings, supra note 7, at 39090.
\25\ See id. at 39091.
\26\ See id.
\27\ See id. See also supra text accompanying notes 14 and 15.
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Further, in the Order Instituting Proceedings, the Commission
raised questions as to whether the proposal would in fact provide the
additional trading opportunities for Non-Customer auction responders
and other market quality benefits suggested by the Exchange.\28\ The
Commission noted that the Exchange did not address the fact that the
proposal would substantially increase the difference in the fees
assessed by the Exchange on Initiating Participants and Non-Customer
auction responders, and indicated that substantially exacerbating the
differences in the fees assessed by the Exchange on Initiating
Participants and those assessed on Non-Customer auction responders
raises issues as to whether the proposal is equitable and not unfairly
discriminatory among Exchange members.\29\ The Commission also noted in
the Order Instituting Proceedings that the Exchange did not support
with specific reasoning or data its statement that the proposal would
provide all members additional trading opportunities and other market
quality benefits. The Commission further stated that the Exchange did
not sufficiently address the potential burden that its proposed fee
changes would have on competition between Initiating Participants and
Non-Customer auction responders, or the prospect that competition in
CUBE Auctions could be impaired, by substantially increasing the
auction response fees paid by Non-Customer auction responders.
Moreover, the Commission noted that the Exchange did not address in any
detail the increases in the break-up credit payable to an Initiating
Participant for each contract in a CUBE Order that is executed by
others, and why the proposed increase in this payment is reasonable,
equitable, and not unfairly discriminatory.\30\
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\28\ See Order Instituting Proceedings, supra note 7, at 39090.
\29\ See id. at 39091.
\30\ See id.
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The Commission received ten comment letters in response to the
Order Instituting Proceedings, one of which was from the Exchange.\31\
The nine commenters other than the Exchange either specifically
recommended that the Commission disapprove the Exchange's proposal or
expressed concerns about the proposal in its current form.\32\ Broadly,
these commenters echoed many of the concerns, summarized above, that
were raised by the Commission in the Order Instituting Proceedings.
Among other things, commenters focused on the potential impact of the
proposed raising of fees for Non-Customer auction responders, increases
in rebates to Initiating Participants, and heightened differential in
the costs between Non-Customer auction responders and Initiating
Participants, that would result from the proposal. They also questioned
the level of auction response fees generally, the consequences of
break-up credits, and the potential effect of the proposal on the
quoting behavior of market makers.
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\31\ See supra note 8.
\32\ See SIFMA Letter; FIA PTG Letter; Options Market Maker
Firms Letter; Optiver Letter; Group One Letter; STA Letter; CTC
Letter; Citadel Letter; KCG Letter.
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More specifically, many commenters believed that the fee
differentials created by the Exchange's proposal would significantly
favor Initiating Participants over Non-Customer auction responders.\33\
Some commenters highlighted the fact that the proposed increase in fees
assessed on Non-Customer auction responders, without any change to the
Initiating Participant fees, would widen the differential between these
two groups of participants.\34\ Several commenters acknowledged that
the Exchange's auction fee structure was not unique in providing for
differentials, but emphasized their belief that the Exchange's proposal
would further and unacceptably exacerbate a trend of raising auction
response fees and widening differentials.\35\ To the extent that the
proposal would further increase these fees and widen the disparity in
fees assessed on the different participants, these commenters believed
that the proposal was inequitable, unfairly discriminatory, and
unreasonably burdensome on competition.\36\
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\33\ See, e.g., Citadel Letter at 2-3; CTC Letter at 2-4; Group
One Letter at 2; Options Market Maker Firms Letter at 3; Optiver
Letter at 2; KCG Letter at 2, 6.
\34\ See Citadel Letter at 2; KCG Letter at 2.
\35\ See, e.g., Citadel Letter at 2-3 (stating that the
Exchange's proposal would ``significantly'' increase the difference
in net cost to Non-Customer auction responders as compared to
Initiating Participants and would be ``starkly discriminatory'');
Options Market Maker Firms Letter at 3-5; 8 (arguing that the fee
differential for participating in CUBE is ``so punitive that [Non-
Customer auction responders] cannot compete on price at anywhere
near equal terms with [Initiating Participants]'' and objecting to
fee differentials that would be ``significantly higher'' than any
other options exchange auction); Optiver Letter at 2, 4 (noting a
``gross disparity in fees'' between Non-Customer auction responders
and Initiating Participants under the proposal and finding such
disparity to be the highest among competing exchanges). See also STA
Letter at 1 (suggesting that the Exchange be permitted to adopt fees
``more aligned with other exchanges'').
\36\ See id.
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A few commenters stated that an effect of the proposed fees would
be to limit opportunities for price improvement in the CUBE mechanism
by discouraging auction responders from effectively participating.\37\
One of these commenters further argued that the diminished competition
would encourage Initiating Participants to submit less competitive
prices to begin an auction.\38\ Two commenters took the
[[Page 74845]]
position that it was unfairly discriminatory to increase fees for Non-
Customer auction responders while correspondingly increasing rebates to
Initiating Participants.\39\ One of these commenters further suggested
that the Commission impose a maximum fee differential of $0.02 between
Initiating Participants and non-Initiating Participants.\40\
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\37\ See, e.g., Citadel Letter at 2-3; CTC Letter at 4; Group
One Letter at 2.
\38\ See Group One Letter at 2.
\39\ See CTC Letter at 2-4; KCG Letter at 2, 5-6.
\40\ See CTC Letter at 2-4 (comparing this proposed limitation
to transaction fee differentials between directed and unaffiliated
market makers trading against a directed order).
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Commenters expressed other concerns as well. One commenter stated
that high response fees generally disincentivize firms from responding
to an auction and offering price improvement.\41\ Another commenter
argued that auction response fees are comparable to access fees charged
by exchanges and should be limited more generally.\42\ Two commenters
supported limiting auction response fees in both Penny and Non-Penny
classes to no more than half the minimum trading increment.\43\ Another
commenter similarly supported a cap on auction response fees, but
stated that the amount should be set at a much lower level than half
the minimum increment in the Penny classes.\44\ Still another commenter
stated that an absolute cap would not be necessary.\45\ Instead, this
commenter maintained, the Commission should prohibit fee differentials
between market participants, reasoning that, if exchanges were barred
from discriminating between participant types, competitive market
forces would lower the absolute fee levels to a reasonable amount.\46\
In addition, five commenters expressed specific concern about break-up
credits,\47\ contending that they are per se unfairly discriminatory in
that they provide a benefit solely to Initiating Participants and
thereby discourage competition and limit price improvement.\48\
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\41\ See SIFMA Letter at 2.
\42\ See Citadel Letter at 4.
\43\ See Citadel Letter at 7; CTC Letter at 3. Citadel supported
limiting all transaction fees in Penny classes at $0.50, and stated
that the minimum increment considered in setting auction fees should
be the minimum increment of an auction response. Citadel Letter at
7. CTC stated that auction response fees should be limited at $0.50
for all series because all price improvement auctions allow
responses in penny increments. CTC Letter at 3.
\44\ See Options Market Maker Firms Letter at 9.
\45\ See Optiver Letter at 5.
\46\ Id. This commenter believes that, absent discriminatory
fees, competition would lead to an amount that was much lower than
half the minimum trading increment. Id. The commenter further stated
that even if an absolute response fee limitation were to be imposed,
an exchange could offer rebates sufficiently high to maintain a
large differential in fees between market participants. Id.
\47\ See supra text accompanying note 13.
\48\ See CTC Letter at 4; Options Market Maker Firms Letter at
4; Optiver Letter at 3; Group One Trading Letter at 2-3; STA Letter
at 2-3.
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Several commenters expressed concern that high transaction fees in
auction mechanisms generally, not only the fees under the Exchange's
proposal, could harm options market quality by negatively impacting
market maker quoting behavior.\49\ A few commenters believed that high
auction response fees, such as those proposed by the Exchange, would
discourage quoting in the options markets because they would encourage
increased internalization in the auctions.\50\ One of these commenters
stated that market makers would respond to the proposed fees by
reducing the number, size, and quality of their displayed
quotations.\51\ Another commenter believed that this would diminish the
degree of actual price improvement provided by the auctions, because,
while auction executions will occur at or better than the NBBO, this
NBBO may have been better at the outset if not for the negative effects
of the high auction fees.\52\ One commenter contended that increased
transaction fees in general, and especially disproportionate fees among
various market participants, will lead to overall decreased competition
and liquidity in the options market.\53\ In addition, several
commenters expressed concerns that break-up fees, break-up credits,
auto-match functionality, and the ability to initiate an auction at the
NBBO are all among features of auctions that may incentivize
internalization, decrease competition, and impair market quality.\54\
Finally, commenters broadly suggested that the Commission conduct a
holistic review of options exchange electronic auction mechanisms.\55\
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\49\ See, e.g., Citadel Letter at 6; FIA PTG Letter at 1; NYSE
MKT Letter at 2; Options Market Maker Firms Letter at 2-3, 6; SIFMA
Letter at 2; KCG Letter at 2.
\50\ See, e.g., Citadel Letter at 6; Options Market Maker Firms
Letter at 6; SIFMA Letter at 2. In response, the Exchange
acknowledged that price improvement auctions encourage
internalization to the detriment of displayed market maker
quotations, but argued that this was the result of a lack of
guaranteed price improvement in most exchanges' auctions. See NYSE
MKT Letter at 2.
\51\ See Citadel Letter at 6.
\52\ See Options Market Maker Firms Letter at 2-3.
\53\ See FIA PTG Letter at 1.
\54\ See, e.g., FIA PTG Letter at 2, Options Market Maker Firms
Letter at 3, CTC Letter at 3.
\55\ See Citadel Letter at 7; CTC Letter at 1; FIA PTG Letter at
2; Group One Trading Letter at 1, 3; NYSE MKT Letter at 4-5; Options
Market Maker Firms Letter at 2; Optiver Letter at 1, 4; SIFMA Letter
at 3; STA Letter at 3; KCG Letter at 5-6. The Commission notes that
while the Exchange supported such a review in its letter, the
Exchange requested that the Commission end the suspension of the
instant filing while undertaking this review. See NYSE MKT Letter at
5.
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In its comment letter, the Exchange broadly expressed concerns with
options exchange electronic auction mechanisms, and stated its belief
that such mechanisms should guarantee price improvement.\56\ However,
the Exchange did not provide additional justification for the proposal,
or respond specifically to the concerns expressed in the Order
Instituting Proceedings. Rather, the Exchange stated that its proposal
was developed in response to competitive concerns and that the
suspension placed it at a competitive disadvantage compared to other
exchanges with comparable fees that were unaffected by the Order
Instituting Proceedings.\57\ The Exchange requested that the Commission
end its temporary suspension of the proposal while the Commission
undertakes a broad review of the fee structures applied by the options
exchanges to their price improvement auctions.\58\
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\56\ See NYSE MKT Letter at 4.
\57\ See id. at 3-4 In particular, the Exchange stated that it
was aware of two other options exchanges that, like the Exchange,
were charging auction response fees in Penny classes of more than
$0.50 per contract. See id. at 4.
\58\ See id. at 1, 4.
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IV. Discussion and Commission Findings
Under Section 19(b)(2)(C) of the Act,\59\ the Commission shall
approve a proposed rule change of a self-regulatory organization if it
finds that such proposed rule change is consistent with the
requirements of the Act and the rules and regulations thereunder that
are applicable to such organization.\60\ The Commission shall
disapprove a proposed rule change if it does not make such a
finding.\61\ Rule 700(b)(3) of the Commission's Rules of Practice
states that the ``burden to demonstrate that a proposed rule change is
consistent with the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations issued
thereunder . . . is on the self-regulatory organization that proposed
the rule change'' and that a ``mere assertion that the proposed rule
change is consistent with those requirements . . . is not sufficient.''
\62\
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\59\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(2)(C).
\60\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(2)(C)(i).
\61\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(2)(C)(ii); see also 17 CFR 201.700(b)(3).
\62\ 17 CFR 201.700(b)(3). The description of a proposed rule
change, its purpose and operation, its effect, and a legal analysis
of its consistency with applicable requirements must all be
sufficiently detailed and specific to support an affirmative
Commission finding. See id. Any failure of a self-regulatory
organization to provide the information elicited by Form 19b-4 may
result in the Commission not having a sufficient basis to make an
affirmative finding that a proposed rule change is consistent with
the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations issued thereunder
that are applicable to the self-regulatory organization. Id.
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[[Page 74846]]
In the Order Instituting Proceedings, the Commission raised
concerns about the effect the proposal could have on the operation of
the CUBE Auction and its ability to provide price improvement to
customers, as well as the impact it could have on competition among
participants initiating CUBE Auctions and those responding to them.\63\
The Commission pointed to several specific elements of the proposal for
which, in its view, the Exchange had not provided sufficient
justification to enable the Commission to find that the proposal was
consistent with the Act.\64\ In particular, the Commission noted that
the Exchange justified the proposal on the grounds that it would create
incentives for Initiating Participants to bring customer orders to the
Exchange, and thereby benefit all members by providing more trading
opportunities, potential price improvement, tighter spreads, and
enhanced market quality.\65\ The Commission acknowledged that
increasing the rebates and break-up credits provided to Initiating
Participants likely would strengthen their incentives to bring customer
orders to the Exchange, but expressed concern that substantially
increasing the fees paid by Non-Customer auction responders could deter
them from participating in CUBE Auctions.\66\ The Commission further
noted that the proposal would substantially exacerbate the differences
in the fees assessed by the Exchange on Non-Customer auction responders
as compared to those for Initiating Participants.\67\ The Commission
stated that in Penny classes, for example, the fee charged Non-Customer
auction responders would exceed one-half the minimum trading increment,
and the economic differential between Non-Customer auction responders
and the Initiating Participants with whom they are competing would be
even more.\68\ Accordingly, the Commission believed that questions were
raised as to whether the proposal would in fact provide the additional
trading opportunities for non-Initiating Participants and other market
quality benefits suggested by the Exchange.\69\
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\63\ See Order Instituting Proceedings, supra note 7, at 39090.
\64\ See id.
\65\ See id. at 39091.
\66\ See id.
\67\ See id.
\68\ See id.
\69\ See id.
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As discussed above, most commenters broadly echoed the Commission's
concerns, and several expressed the view that the proposal would not
provide the additional trading opportunities for non-Initiating
Participants and other market quality benefits suggested by the
Exchange. Specifically, several commenters stated that an effect of the
proposed fees would be to limit opportunities for price improvement in
the CUBE mechanism by discouraging auction responders from effectively
participating,\70\ and expressed concern that the fee structure in
auction mechanisms could harm options market quality by negatively
impacting market maker quoting behavior.\71\ In addition, commenters
were concerned that the proposed fees would widen the cost differential
between Non-Customer auction responders and Initiating Participants
such that the differential would be excessive as compared with those of
other options exchanges.\72\
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\70\ See supra note 37.
\71\ See supra notes 50-52 and accompanying text.
\72\ See supra notes 33-36 and accompanying text.
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In its comment letter, the Exchange did not respond specifically to
the concerns articulated in the Order Instituting Proceedings or in the
comments, or otherwise offer any additional information to support its
view that the proposal would provide additional trading opportunities
for non-Initiating Participants and other market quality benefits.\73\
The Exchange simply characterized its proposal as a competitive
response to certain other options exchanges, two of which had been
charging auction response fees in Penny classes in excess of $0.50 per
contract. The Commission notes that, in the interim, both such
exchanges have reduced their auction response fees (inclusive of
marketing fees) so that they no longer exceed half the minimum trading
increment in Penny classes.\74\
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\73\ In particular, the Exchange did not address the fact that
the proposal would substantially increase the difference in the fees
assessed by the Exchange on Initiating Participants and Non-Customer
auction responders; did not support with specific reasoning or data
its statement that the proposal would provide all members additional
trading opportunities and other market quality benefits; did not
sufficiently address the potential burden that its proposed fee
changes would have on competition between Initiating Participants
and Non-Customer auction responders, or the prospect that, by
substantially increasing the auction response fees paid by Non-
Customer auction responders, competition in CUBE Auctions could be
impaired; and did not address in any detail the increases in the
break-up credit payable to Initiating Participants for each contract
that they are not able to execute in CUBE, and why this payment is
reasonable, equitable, and not unfairly discriminatory.
\74\ See Securities Exchange Act Release Nos. 78117 (June 21,
2016), 81 FR 41634 (June 27, 2016) (SR-NYSEMKT-2016-60); 78394 (July
22, 2016), 81 FR 49709 (July 28, 2016) (SR-Phlx-2016-77); 78427
(July 27, 2016), 81 FR 50777 (August 2, 2016) (SR-BOX-2016-34).
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As noted, Rule 700(b)(3) of the Commission's Rules of Practice
states that the ``burden to demonstrate that a proposed rule change is
consistent with the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations issued
thereunder . . . is on the self-regulatory organization that proposed
the rule change'' and that a ``mere assertion that the proposed rule
change is consistent with those requirements . . . is not sufficient.''
\75\ The Exchange has taken the position that its proposal meets
applicable Exchange Act standards, including that fees be reasonable,
equitably allocated, and not unfairly discriminatory, and that they not
impose any unnecessary or inappropriate burden on competition, on the
grounds that the proposed fee changes would benefit all market
participants through increased trading opportunities and improved
market quality. Although the Commission expressed concern, in the Order
Instituting Proceedings, that the reasoning behind this assertion was
not clear and no supporting data had been provided, the Exchange has
offered no additional justification or evidence to support this key
aspect of its statutory basis.
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\75\ 17 CFR 201.700(b)(3). The description of a proposed rule
change, its purpose and operation, its effect, and a legal analysis
of its consistency with applicable requirements must all be
sufficiently detailed and specific to support an affirmative
Commission finding. See id. Any failure of a self-regulatory
organization to provide the information elicited by Form 19b-4 may
result in the Commission not having a sufficient basis to make an
affirmative finding that a proposed rule change is consistent with
the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations issued thereunder
that are applicable to the self-regulatory organization. Id.
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Accordingly, after careful consideration, the Commission does not
find that the proposed rule change is consistent with the requirements
of the Act and the rules and regulations thereunder applicable to a
national securities exchange.\76\ In particular, the Commission does
not find that the proposed rule change is consistent with: (1) Section
6(b)(4) of the Act,\77\ which requires that the rules of a national
securities exchange provide for the equitable allocation of reasonable
dues, fees, and other charges among its members and issuers and other
persons
[[Page 74847]]
using its facilities; (2) Section 6(b)(5) of the Act,\78\ which
requires that the rules of a national securities exchange be designed,
among other things, to prevent fraudulent and manipulative acts and
practices, to promote just and equitable principles of trade, to remove
impediments to and perfect the mechanism of a free and open market and
a national market system, and, in general, to protect investors and the
public interest, and not be designed to permit unfair discrimination
between customers, issuers, brokers, or dealers; and (3) Section
6(b)(8) of the Act,\79\ which requires that the rules of a national
securities exchange do not impose any burden on competition not
necessary or appropriate in furtherance of the purposes of the Act.
Because any of these determinations under the Act independently
necessitates disapproving the proposal, the Commission does so.
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\76\ In disapproving the proposed rule change, the Commission
has considered the proposed rule's impact on efficiency,
competition, and capital formation. See 15 U.S.C. 78c(f).
\77\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(4).
\78\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).
\79\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(8).
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V. Conclusion
For the reasons set forth above, the Commission does not find that
the proposed rule change is consistent with the Act and the rules and
regulations thereunder applicable to a national securities exchange,
and in particular, Sections 6(b)(4), 6(b)(5), and 6(b)(8) of the Act.
It is therefore ordered, pursuant to Section 19(b)(2) of the
Act,\80\ that the proposed rule change (SR-NYSEMKT-2016-45) be, and
hereby is, disapproved.
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\80\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(2).
For the Commission, by the Division of Trading and Markets,
pursuant to delegated authority.\81\
Brent J. Fields,
Secretary.
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\81\ 17 CFR 200.30-3(a)(57) and (58).
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[FR Doc. 2016-25941 Filed 10-26-16; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011-01-P