Calvert Social Investment Fund, et al.; Notice of Application, 59688-59693 [2016-20738]
Download as PDF
59688
Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 168 / Tuesday, August 30, 2016 / Notices
similar purpose regarding the
imposition of temporary cease and
desist orders and expedited
proceedings, thereby enhancing the
quality of the Exchange’s regulatory
program, resulting in less burdensome
and more efficient regulatory
compliance and facilitating performance
of regulatory functions.
C. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement on Comments on the
Proposed Rule Change Received From
Members, Participants, or Others
No written comments were solicited
or received with respect to the proposed
rule change.
III. Date of Effectiveness of the
Proposed Rule Change and Timing for
Commission Action
The Exchange has filed the proposed
rule change pursuant to Section
19(b)(3)(A) of the Act 49 and Rule 19b–
4(f)(6) thereunder.50 Because the
proposed rule change does not: (i)
Significantly affect the protection of
investors or the public interest; (ii)
impose any significant burden on
competition; and (iii) become operative
for 30 days from the date on which it
was filed, or such shorter time as the
Commission may designate, if
consistent with the protection of
investors and the public interest, the
proposed rule change has become
effective pursuant to Section 19(b)(3)(A)
of the Act 51 and Rule 19b–4(f)(6)
thereunder.52
At any time within 60 days of the
filing of the proposed rule change, the
Commission summarily may
temporarily suspend such rule change if
it appears to the Commission that such
action is necessary or appropriate in the
public interest, for the protection of
investors, or otherwise in furtherance of
the purposes of the Act.
IV. Solicitation of Comments
Interested persons are invited to
submit written data, views, and
arguments concerning the foregoing,
including whether the proposed rule
change is consistent with the Act.
Comments may be submitted by any of
the following methods:
49 15
U.S.C. 78s(b)(3)(A).
CFR 240.19b–4(f)(6).
51 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(3)(A).
52 17 CFR 240.19b–4(f)(6). In addition, Rule 19b–
4(f)(6)(iii) requires the Exchange to give the
Commission written notice of the Exchange’s intent
to file the proposed rule change, along with a brief
description and text of the proposed rule change,
at least five business days prior to the date of filing
of the proposed rule change, or such shorter time
as designated by the Commission. The Exchange
has satisfied this requirement.
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50 17
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Electronic Comments
• Use the Commission’s Internet
comment form (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml); or
• Send an email to rule-comments@
sec.gov. Please include File Number SR–
NYSE–2016–40 on the subject line.
Paper Comments
All submissions should refer to File
Number SR–NYSE–2016–40. This file
number should be included on the
subject line if email is used. To help the
Commission process and review your
comments more efficiently, please use
only one method. The Commission will
post all comments on the Commission’s
Internet Web site (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml). Copies of the
submission, all subsequent
amendments, all written statements
with respect to the proposed rule
change that are filed with the
Commission, and all written
communications relating to the
proposed rule change between the
Commission and any person, other than
those that may be withheld from the
public in accordance with the
provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be
available for Web site viewing and
printing in the Commission’s Public
Reference Room, 100 F Street NE.,
Washington, DC 20549 on official
business days between the hours of
10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. Copies of such
filing also will be available for
inspection and copying at the principal
office of the Exchange. All comments
received will be posted without change;
the Commission does not edit personal
identifying information from
submissions. You should submit only
information that you wish to make
available publicly. All submissions
should refer to File Number SR–NYSE–
2016–40, and should be submitted on or
before September 20, 2016.
For the Commission, by the Division of
Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated
authority.53
Robert W. Errett,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2016–20733 Filed 8–29–16; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
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[Investment Company Act Release No.
32234; File No. 812–14529]
Calvert Social Investment Fund, et al.;
Notice of Application
August 24, 2016.
Securities and Exchange
Commission (‘‘Commission’’).
ACTION: Notice of an application for an
order pursuant to (a) section 6(c) of the
Investment Company Act of 1940
(‘‘Act’’) granting an exemption from
sections 18(f) and 21(b) of the Act; (b)
section 12(d)(1)(J) of the Act granting an
exemption from section 12(d)(1) of the
Act; (c) sections 6(c) and 17(b) of the
Act granting an exemption from sections
17(a)(1), 17(a)(2) and 17(a)(3) of the Act;
and (d) section 17(d) of the Act and rule
17d–1 under the Act to permit certain
joint arrangements.
AGENCY:
• Send paper comments in triplicate
to Brent J. Fields, Secretary, Securities
and Exchange Commission, 100 F Street
NE., Washington, DC 20549–1090.
53 17
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
Sfmt 4703
Summary of the Application:
Applicants request an order that would
permit certain registered open-end
management investment companies to
participate in a joint lending and
borrowing facility.
Applicants: Calvert Social Investment
Fund, Calvert Sage Fund, Calvert World
Values Fund, Inc., Calvert Responsible
Index Series, Inc., Calvert Impact Fund,
Inc., The Calvert Fund, Calvert
Management Series, Calvert Variable
Series, Inc., and Calvert Variable
Products, Inc. (collectively, the
‘‘Companies’’), and Calvert Investment
Management, Inc. (‘‘CIM’’).
Filing Dates: The application was
filed on August 5, 2015, and amended
on January 19, 2016, and April 28, 2016.
Hearing or Notification of Hearing: An
order granting the requested relief will
be issued unless the Commission orders
a hearing. Interested persons may
request a hearing by writing to the
Commission’s Secretary and serving
applicants with a copy of the request,
personally or by mail. Hearing requests
should be received by the Commission
by 5:30 p.m. on September 19, 2016,
and should be accompanied by proof of
service on the applicants, in the form of
an affidavit or, for lawyers, a certificate
of service. Pursuant to rule 0–5 under
the Act, hearing requests should state
the nature of the writer’s interest, any
facts bearing upon the desirability of a
hearing on the matter, the reason for the
request, and the issues contested.
Persons who wish to be notified of a
hearing may request notification by
writing to the Commission’s Secretary.
ADDRESSES: Secretary, U.S. Securities
and Exchange Commission, 100 F Street
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NE., Washington, DC, 20549–1090;
Applicants, c/o Andrew K. Niebler,
Esq., Calvert Investment Management,
Inc., 4550 Montgomery Avenue Suite
1000N, Bethesda, MD 20814.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Erin
C. Loomis, Senior Counsel, at (202) 551–
6721 or Sara Crovitz, Assistant Chief
Counsel, at (202) 551–6862 (Division of
Investment Management, Chief
Counsel’s Office).
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The
following is a summary of the
application. The complete application
may be obtained via the Commission’s
Web site by searching for the file
number, or for an applicant using the
Company name box, at https://
www.sec.gov/search/search.htm or by
calling (202) 551–8090.
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Applicants’ Representations
1. Each Company is organized as a
Massachusetts business trust, Maryland
corporation or Maryland business trust.
Each Company is registered under the
Act as an open-end management
investment company. Each Company
consists of one or more series, none of
which hold themselves out as money
market funds in reliance on rule 2a–7
under the Act, and each Company may
offer additional series in the future. CIM
serves as the investment adviser to the
Funds and is a wholly-owned
subsidiary of Calvert Investments, Inc.,
which is an indirect wholly-owned
subsidiary of Ameritas Mutual Holding
Company.1 CIM and every investment
adviser to the Funds will be registered
as an investment adviser under the
Investment Advisers Act of 1940.
2. At any particular time, while Funds
with uninvested cash may enter into
repurchase agreements or purchase
other short-term instruments issued by
banks or other entities, other Funds may
need to borrow money from the same or
similar banks for temporary purposes to
cover unanticipated cash shortfalls such
as a trade ‘‘fail’’ in which cash payment
for a security sold by a Fund has been
delayed, or for other temporary
purposes. Certain Funds may borrow for
1 Applicants request that the order apply to any
registered open-end management investment
company or series thereof (except with respect to
a money market fund) for which CIM or any
successor thereto or an investment adviser
controlling, controlled by, or under common
control (within the meaning of section 2(a)(9) of the
Act) with CIM or any successor thereto serves as
investment adviser (each a ‘‘Fund,’’ and collectively
the ‘‘Funds’’). All Funds that currently intend to
rely on the requested order have been named as
applicants, and any other Fund that relies on the
requested order in the future will comply with the
terms and conditions of the application. The term
‘‘successor’’ is limited to any entity that results
from a reorganization into another jurisdiction or a
change in the type of business organization.
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investment purposes; however, such
Funds will not borrow from the Facility
(as defined below) for the purposes of
leverage. Presently, the Funds have
committed and uncommitted lines of
credit with their custodian bank, which
is unaffiliated with the Funds. If a Fund
had a temporary cash need, it could
borrow money through the line of
credit.
3. If the Funds borrowed under a line
of credit from their custodian bank, the
Funds would pay interest on the
borrowed cash at a rate that would be
higher than the rate that would be
earned by other (non-borrowing) Funds
on the investments in repurchase
agreements and other short-term
instruments of the same maturity as the
bank loan. Applicants assert that this
differential represents the profit the
banks would earn for serving as a
middleman between a borrower and
lender and is not attributable to any
material difference in the credit quality
or risk in such transactions. The banks,
in effect, would borrow uninvested cash
from some Funds in the form of
repurchase agreements or other shortterm obligations and lend cash to other
Funds at a rate higher than the bank’s
cost of borrowing the cash.
4. The Funds seek to enter into master
interfund lending agreements
(‘‘Interfund Lending Agreements’’) with
each other that would permit each Fund
to lend money directly to and borrow
money directly from other Funds
through a credit facility (‘‘Facility’’) for
temporary purposes (an ‘‘Interfund
Loan’’). Applicants assert that the
Facility would both reduce the Funds’
potential borrowing costs and enhance
the ability of the lending Funds to earn
higher rates of interest on their shortterm lendings. Although the Facility
would reduce the Funds’ need to
borrow from banks, the Funds would be
free to establish and maintain
committed lines of credit or other
borrowing arrangements with
unaffiliated banks. The Funds are
charged a commitment fee up-front to
obtain the bank’s commitment to lend
money. These fees must be paid
regardless of whether a Fund borrows
any money from the bank. Due to the
up-front costs of these arrangements, the
Funds prefer to have available
additional credit arrangements.
5. Applicants anticipate that the
Facility will provide a borrowing Fund
with significant savings at times when
the cash position of the Fund is
insufficient to meet temporary cash
requirements. This situation could arise
when shareholder redemptions exceed
anticipated volumes, and certain Funds
have insufficient cash on hand to satisfy
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such redemptions. When the Funds
liquidate portfolio securities to meet
redemption requests, they often do not
receive payment in settlement for up to
three days (or longer for certain foreign
transactions). The redemption requests,
however, normally are satisfied
promptly upon receipt. The Facility
would provide a source of immediate,
short-term liquidity pending settlement
of the sale of portfolio securities.
6. Applicants anticipate that a Fund
could use the Facility when a sale of
securities ‘‘fails’’ due to circumstances
beyond the Fund’s control, such as a
delay in the delivery of cash to the
Fund’s custodian or improper delivery
instructions by the broker effecting the
transaction. ‘‘Sales fails’’ may present a
cash shortfall if the Fund has
undertaken to purchase a security using
the proceeds from securities sold. Under
such circumstances, the Fund could: (1)
‘‘fail’’ on its intended purchase due to
lack of funds from the previous sale,
resulting in additional cost to the Fund,
or (2) sell a security on a same-day
settlement basis, earning a lower return
on the investment. Use of the Facility
under these circumstances would give
the Fund access to immediate shortterm liquidity without incurring
custodian overdraft or other charges.
7. While bank borrowings generally
could supply needed cash to cover
unanticipated redemptions and sales
fails, the borrowing Funds would incur
commitment fees and/or other charges
involved in obtaining a bank loan.
Under the Facility, a borrowing Fund
would pay lower interest rates than
those that would be payable under
short-term loans offered by banks. In
addition, Funds making short-term cash
loans directly to other Funds would
earn interest at a rate higher than they
otherwise could obtain from investing
their cash in repurchase agreements or
other substantially equivalent shortterm investments. Thus, applicants
assert that the Facility would benefit
both borrowing and lending Funds.
8. The interest rate to be charged to
the Funds on any Interfund Loan
(‘‘Interfund Loan Rate’’) would be
determined daily and would be the
average of: (1) The ‘‘Repo Rate,’’ as
defined below, and (2) the ‘‘Bank Loan
Rate,’’ as defined below. The ‘‘Repo
Rate’’ on any day would be the highest
current overnight repurchase agreement
rate available to a lending Fund. The
Bank Loan Rate for any day would be
calculated by the Fund Administration
Department (as defined below) on each
day an Interfund Loan is made
according to a formula established by
each Fund’s board of directors/trustees
(‘‘Board’’) intended to approximate the
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lowest interest rate at which bank shortterm loans would be available to the
Funds.
The formula would be based upon a
publicly available rate (e.g., federal
funds plus 125 basis points), which rate
would vary so as to reflect changing
bank loan rates. The initial formula and
any subsequent modifications to the
formula would be subject to the
approval of the Board of each Fund. In
addition, the Board of each Fund
periodically would review the
continuing appropriateness of reliance
on the publicly available rate used to
determine the Bank Loan Rate, as well
as the relationship between the Bank
Loan Rate and current bank loan rates
that would be available to the Funds.
Applicants assert that the continual
adjustment of the Bank Loan Rate to
reflect changes to prevailing bank loan
rates and the periodic review by the
Board of each Fund of the relationship
between current bank rates and the
Bank Loan Rate, as well as the method
of determining the Bank Loan Rate,
should ensure that the Bank Loan Rate
reflects current market rates.
9. The Facility would be administered
by officers and employees of the Calvert
Fund Administration Department (the
‘‘Fund Administration Department’’),
which is a part of Calvert Investment
Administrative Services, Inc., an
affiliate of CIM. The Fund
Administration Department is
responsible for, among other things,
ensuring accurate calculation of Fund
net asset values, and preparing Fund
financial statements and other reports.
No portfolio manager of any Fund will
serve in the Fund Administration
Department. The Facility would be
available to any Fund. On any day on
which a Fund intends to borrow money,
the Fund Administration Department
would make an Interfund Loan from a
lending Fund to a borrowing Fund only
if the Interfund Loan Rate is: (1) More
favorable to the lending Fund than the
Repo Rate and (2) more favorable to the
borrowing Fund than the Bank Loan
Rate. Under the Facility, the portfolio
managers for each participating Fund
could provide standing instructions to
participate in the Facility daily as a
borrower or lender. The Fund
Administration Department on each
business day would collect data on the
uninvested cash and borrowing
requirements of all participating Funds.
The Fund Administration Department
would not solicit cash for loans from
any Fund or prospectively publish or
disseminate the amount of current
borrowing demand to portfolio
managers. Once it had determined the
aggregate amount of cash available for
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loans and borrowing demand, the Fund
Administration Department would
allocate loans among borrowing Funds
without any further communication
from the portfolio managers of the
Funds. Applicants anticipate that there
typically will be far more available
uninvested cash each day than
borrowing demand. Therefore, after the
Fund Administration Department has
allocated cash for Interfund Loans, any
remaining cash will be invested in
accordance with the instructions of each
relevant portfolio manager or such
remaining amounts will be invested
directly by the portfolio managers of the
Funds.
10. The Fund Administration
Department would allocate borrowing
demand and cash available for lending
among the Funds on what the Fund
Administration Department believes to
be an equitable basis, subject to certain
administrative procedures applicable to
all Funds, such as: (1) The time of filing
requests to participate, (2) minimum
loan lot sizes, and (3) the need to
minimize the number of transactions
and associated administrative costs. To
reduce transaction costs, each loan
normally would be allocated in a
manner intended to minimize the
number of participants necessary to
complete the loan transaction. The
method of allocation and related
administrative procedures would be
approved by the Board of each Fund,
including a majority of the members of
the Board who are not ‘‘interested
persons’’ of the Fund, as that term is
defined in section 2(a)(19) of the Act
(‘‘Independent Board Members’’), to
ensure that both borrowing and lending
Funds participate on an equitable basis.
11. The Fund Administration
Department would: (1) Monitor the
interest rates charged and the other
terms and conditions of the loans; (2)
limit the borrowings and loans entered
into by each Fund to ensure that they
comply with the Fund’s investment
policies and limitations; (3) ensure
equitable treatment of each Fund; and
(4) make quarterly reports to each
Fund’s Board concerning any
transactions by the Fund under the
Facility and the Interfund Loan Rate
charged.
12. CIM, through the Fund
Administration Department, would
administer the Facility as a disinterested
fiduciary as part of its duties under the
investment management and
administrative agreements with each
Fund and would receive no additional
fee as compensation in connection with
the administration of the Facility.
13. No Fund may participate in the
Facility unless: (1) The Fund has
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obtained shareholder approval for its
participation, if such approval is
required by law; (2) the Fund has fully
disclosed all material information
concerning the Facility in its prospectus
and/or statement of additional
information; and (3) the Fund’s
participation in the credit facility is
consistent with its investment objective,
limitations, and organizational
documents.
14. As part of the Board’s review of
the continuing appropriateness of a
Fund’s participation in the Facility as
required by condition 14, the Board of
each Fund, including a majority of
Independent Board Members, also will
review the process in place to
appropriately assess: (i) If the Fund
participates as a lender, any effect its
participation may have on the Fund’s
liquidity risk; and (ii) if the Fund
participates as a borrower, whether the
Fund’s portfolio liquidity is sufficient to
satisfy its obligations under the Facility
along with its other liquidity needs.
15. In connection with the Facility,
applicants seek an order pursuant to
section 6(c) of the Act exempting them
from the provisions of section 18(f) and
21(b) of the Act; pursuant to section
12(d)(1)(J) of the Act exempting them
from the provisions of section 12(d)(1)
of the Act; pursuant to sections 6(c) and
17(b) of the Act exempting them from
the provisions of sections 17(a)(1),
17(a)(2), and 17(a)(3) of the Act; and
pursuant to section 17(d) of the Act and
rule 17d–1 thereunder, to permit certain
joint arrangements and to allow them to
participate in the Facility.
Applicants’ Legal Analysis
1. Section 17(a)(3) of the Act generally
prohibits any affiliated person of a
registered investment company, or any
affiliated person of such a person, from
borrowing money or other property from
the registered investment company.
Section 21(b) of the Act generally
prohibits any registered management
company from lending money or other
property to any person if that person
controls or is under common control
with that company. Section 2(a)(3)(C) of
the Act defines an ‘‘affiliated person’’ of
another person, in part, to be any person
directly or indirectly controlling,
controlled by, or under common control
with, such other person. Section 2(a)(9)
of the Act defines ‘‘control’’ as the
‘‘power to exercise a controlling
influence over the management or
policies of a company,’’ but excludes
situations in which ‘‘such power is
solely the result of an official position
with such company.’’ Applicants state
that the Funds may be under common
control and thus ‘‘affiliated persons’’ of
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each other within the meaning of that
term under section 2(a)(3) of the Act by
virtue of having CIM as their common
investment adviser and/or by reason of
having common officers, directors and/
or trustees.
2. Section 6(c) of the Act provides that
an exemptive order may be granted
where an exemption is necessary or
appropriate in the public interest and
consistent with the protection of
investors and the purposes fairly
intended by the policy and provisions of
the Act. Section 17(b) of the Act
generally provides that the Commission
may exempt a proposed transaction
from the provisions of section 17(a)
provided that: (i) The terms of the
transaction, including the consideration
to be paid or received, are fair and
reasonable and do not involve
overreaching on the part of any person
concerned; (ii) the transaction is
consistent with the policy of the
investment company as recited in its
registration statement and reports filed
under the Act; and (iii) the transaction
is consistent with the general purposes
of the Act. Applicants believe that the
proposed arrangements satisfy these
standards for the reasons discussed
below.
3. Applicants assert that sections
17(a)(3) and 21(b) of the Act were
intended to prevent a party with strong
potential adverse interests to, and some
influence over the investment decisions
of, a registered investment company
from causing or inducing the investment
company to engage in lending
transactions that unfairly inure to the
benefit of such party and that are
detrimental to the best interests of the
investment company and its
shareholders. Applicants assert that the
Facility transactions do not raise these
concerns because: (i) CIM, through the
Fund Administration Department,
would administer the program as a
disinterested fiduciary as part of its
duties under the investment
management and administrative service
agreements with each Fund; (ii) all
Interfund Loans would consist only of
uninvested cash reserves that the
lending Fund otherwise would invest in
short-term repurchase agreements or
other short-term instruments; (iii) the
Interfund Loans would not involve a
significantly greater risk than other such
investments; (iv) the lending Fund
would earn interest at a rate higher than
it could otherwise obtain through such
other investments; and (v) the
borrowing Fund would pay interest at a
rate lower than otherwise available to it
under its bank loan agreements and
avoid the up-front commitment fees
associated with committed lines of
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credit. Moreover, applicants assert that
the other terms and conditions that
applicants propose also would
effectively preclude the possibility of
any Fund obtaining an undue advantage
over any other Fund.
4. Section 17(a)(1) of the Act generally
prohibits any affiliated person of a
registered investment company, or any
affiliated person of such a person, from
selling securities or other property to
the investment company. Section
17(a)(2) of the Act generally prohibits
any affiliated person of a registered
investment company, or any affiliated
person of such a person, from
purchasing securities or other property
from the investment company. Section
12(d)(1) of the Act generally prohibits
any registered investment company
from purchasing or otherwise acquiring
any security issued by any other
investment company except in
accordance with the limitations set forth
in that section.
5. Applicants state that the obligation
of a borrowing Fund to repay an
Interfund Loan could be deemed to
constitute a security for the purposes of
sections 17(a)(1) and 12(d)(1) of the Act.
Applicants also state that a pledge of
assets in connection with an Interfund
Loan could be construed as a purchase
of the borrowing Fund’s securities or
other property for purposes of section
17(a)(2) of the Act. Section 12(d)(1)(J) of
the Act provides that the Commission
may exempt persons or transactions
from any provision of section 12(d)(1) if
and to the extent that such exemption
is consistent with the public interest
and the protection of investors.
Applicants contend that the standards
under sections 6(c), 17(b), and
12(d)(1)(J) are satisfied for all the
reasons set forth above in support of
their request for relief from sections
17(a)(3) and 21(b) and for the reasons
discussed below. Applicants also state
that the requested relief from section
17(a)(2) of the Act meets the standards
of section 6(c) and 17(b) because any
collateral pledged to secure an Interfund
Loan would be subject to the same
conditions imposed by any other lender
to a Fund that imposes conditions on
the quality of or access to collateral for
a borrowing (if the lender is another
Fund) or the same or better conditions
(in any other circumstance).
6. Applicants state that section
12(d)(1) was intended to prevent the
pyramiding of investment companies in
order to avoid imposing on investors
additional and duplicative costs and
fees attendant upon multiple layers of
investments. Applicants submit that the
Facility does not involve these abuses.
Applicants note that there will be no
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59691
duplicative costs or fees to the Funds or
their shareholders, and that CIM,
through the Fund Administration
Department, will receive no additional
compensation for their services in
connection with the administration of
the Facility. Applicants also note that
the purpose of the Facility is to provide
economic benefits for all the
participating Funds and their
shareholders.
7. Section 18(f)(1) of the Act prohibits
any open-end investment company from
issuing any senior security except that
any such company is permitted to
borrow from any bank, provided, that
immediately after the borrowing, there
is asset coverage of at least 300 per
centum for all borrowings of the
company. Under section 18(g) of the
Act, the term ‘‘senior security’’ generally
includes any bond, debenture, note or
similar obligation or instrument
constituting a security and evidencing
indebtedness. Applicants request
exemptive relief under section 6(c) from
section 18(f)(1) to the limited extent
necessary to permit a Fund to borrow
directly from other Funds.
8. Applicants believe that granting
relief under section 6(c) is appropriate
because the Funds would remain
subject to the requirement of section
18(f)(1) that all borrowings of a Fund,
including combined interfund and bank
borrowings, have at least 300% asset
coverage. Based on the conditions and
safeguards described in the application,
applicants also submit that to allow the
Funds to borrow from other Funds
pursuant to the Facility is consistent
with the purposes and policies of
section 18(f)(1).
9. Section 17(d) of the Act and rule
17d–1 under the Act generally prohibit
any affiliated person of a registered
investment company, or any affiliated
person of such a person, when acting as
principal, from effecting any transaction
in which the investment company is a
joint, or joint and several participant,
unless, upon application, the
transaction has been approved by an
order of the Commission. Rule 17d–1(b)
under the Act provides that in passing
upon an application filed under the
rule, the Commission will consider
whether the participation of the
registered investment company in a
joint enterprise, joint arrangement, or
profit-sharing plan on the basis
proposed is consistent with the
provisions, policies and purposes of the
Act and the extent to which such
participation is on a basis different from
or less advantageous than that of the
other participants.
10. Applicants assert that the purpose
of section 17(d) is to avoid overreaching
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and unfair advantage to insiders.
Applicants assert that the Facility is
consistent with the provisions, policies
and purposes of the Act in that it offers
both reduced borrowing costs and
enhanced returns on loaned funds to all
participating Funds and their
shareholders. Applicants note that each
Fund would have an equal opportunity
to borrow and lend on equal terms
consistent with its investment policies
and limitations. Applicants assert that
each Fund’s participation in the Facility
would be on terms that are no different
from or less advantageous than that of
other participating Funds.
Applicants’ Conditions
Applicants agree that any order
granting the requested relief will be
subject to the following conditions:
1. The Interfund Loan Rate will be the
average of the Repo Rate and Bank Loan
Rate.
2. On each business day, the Fund
Administration Department will
compare the Bank Loan Rate with the
Repo Rate and will make cash available
for Interfund Loans only if the Interfund
Loan Rate is: (i) More favorable to the
lending Fund than the Repo Rate; and
(ii) more favorable to the borrowing
Fund than the Bank Loan Rate.
3. If a Fund has outstanding bank
borrowings, any Interfund Loans to the
Fund: (i) Will be at an interest rate equal
to or lower than the interest rate of any
outstanding bank loan, (ii) will be
secured at least on an equal priority
basis with at least an equivalent
percentage of collateral to loan value as
any outstanding bank loan that requires
collateral, (iii) will have a maturity no
longer than any outstanding bank loan
(and in any event not over seven days),
and (iv) will provide that, if an event of
default by the Fund occurs under any
agreement evidencing an outstanding
bank loan to the Fund, that event of
default will automatically (without need
for action or notice by the lending Fund)
constitute an immediate event of default
under the Interfund Lending Agreement
entitling the lending Fund to call the
Interfund Loan (and exercise all rights
with respect to any collateral) and that
such call will be made if the lending
bank exercises its right to call its loan
under its agreement with the borrowing
Fund.
4. A Fund may make an unsecured
borrowing through the Facility if its
outstanding borrowings from all sources
immediately after the interfund
borrowing total 10% or less of its total
assets, provided that if the Fund has a
secured loan outstanding from any other
lender, including but not limited to
another Fund, the Fund’s interfund
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20:04 Aug 29, 2016
Jkt 238001
borrowing will be secured on at least an
equal priority basis with at least an
equivalent percentage of collateral to
loan value as any outstanding loan that
requires collateral. If a Fund’s total
outstanding borrowings immediately
after an interfund borrowing would be
greater than 10% of its total assets, the
Fund may borrow through the Facility
on a secured basis only. A Fund may
not borrow through the Facility or from
any other source if its total outstanding
borrowings immediately after the
interfund borrowing would be more
than 331⁄3% of its total assets.
5. Before any Fund that has
outstanding interfund borrowings may,
through additional borrowings, cause its
outstanding borrowings from all sources
to exceed 10% of its total assets, the
Fund must first secure each outstanding
Interfund Loan by the pledge of
segregated collateral with a market
value at least equal to 102% of the
outstanding principal value of the loan.
If the total outstanding borrowings of a
Fund with outstanding Interfund Loans
exceed 10% of its total assets for any
other reason (such as a decline in net
asset value or because of shareholder
redemptions), the Fund will within one
business day thereafter: (i) Repay all its
outstanding Interfund Loans, (ii) reduce
its outstanding indebtedness to 10% or
less of its total assets, or (iii) secure each
outstanding Interfund Loan by the
pledge of segregated collateral with a
market value at least equal to 102% of
the outstanding principal value of the
loan until the Fund’s total outstanding
borrowings cease to exceed 10% of its
total assets, at which time the collateral
called for by this condition 5 shall no
longer be required. Until each Interfund
Loan that is outstanding at any time that
a Fund’s total outstanding borrowings
exceed 10% is repaid or the Fund’s total
outstanding borrowings cease to exceed
10% of its total assets, the Fund will
mark the value of the collateral to
market each day and will pledge such
additional collateral as is necessary to
maintain the market value of the
collateral that secures each outstanding
Interfund Loan at least equal to 102% of
the outstanding principal value of the
Interfund Loan.
6. No Fund may lend to another Fund
through the Facility if the loan would
cause its aggregate outstanding loans
through the Facility to exceed 15% of
the lending Fund’s current net assets at
the time of the loan.
7. A Fund’s Interfund Loans to any
one Fund shall not exceed 5% of the
lending Fund’s net assets.
8. The duration of the Interfund Loans
will be limited to the time required to
receive payment for securities sold, but
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Fmt 4703
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in no event more than seven days. Loans
effected within seven days of each other
will be treated as separate loan
transactions for purposes of this
condition 8.
9. A Fund’s borrowings through the
Facility, as measured on the day when
the most recent loan was made, will not
exceed the greater of 125% of the
Fund’s total net cash redemptions for
the preceding seven calendar days or
102% of the Fund’s sales fails for the
preceding seven calendar days.
10. Each Interfund Loan may be called
on one business day’s notice by a
lending Fund and may be repaid on any
day by a borrowing Fund.
11. A Fund’s participation in the
Facility must be consistent with its
investment objectives and limitations
and organizational documents.
12. The Fund Administration
Department will calculate total Fund
borrowing and lending demand through
the Facility and allocate loans on an
equitable basis among the Funds
without the intervention of any portfolio
manager of the Funds. The Fund
Administration Department will not
solicit cash for the Facility from any
Fund or prospectively publish or
disseminate loan demand data to
portfolio managers. The Fund
Administration Department will invest
any amounts remaining after satisfaction
of borrowing demand in accordance
with the instructions of each relevant
portfolio manager or such remaining
amounts will be invested directly by the
portfolio managers of the Funds.
13. The Fund Administration
Department will monitor the Interfund
Loan Rate and the other terms and
conditions of the Interfund Loans and,
CIM, through the Fund Administration
Department, will make a quarterly
report to the Board of each Fund
concerning the participation of the Fund
in the Facility and the terms and other
conditions of any extension of credit
under the Facility.
14. The Board of each Fund,
including a majority of Independent
Board Members, will:
(a) Review, no less frequently than
quarterly, the relevant Fund’s
participation in the Facility during the
preceding quarter for compliance with
the conditions of any order permitting
such transactions;
(b) establish the Bank Loan Rate
formula used to determine the interest
rate on Interfund Loans and review, no
less frequently than annually, the
continuing appropriateness of the Bank
Loan Rate formula; and
(c) review, no less frequently than
annually, the continuing
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appropriateness of the relevant Fund’s
participation in the Facility.
15. In the event an Interfund Loan is
not paid according to its terms and the
default is not cured within two business
days from its maturity or from the time
the lending Fund makes a demand for
payment under the provisions of the
Interfund Lending Agreement, CIM will
promptly refer the loan for arbitration to
an independent arbitrator selected by
the Board of each Fund involved in the
loan who will serve as arbitrator of
disputes concerning Interfund Loans.2
The arbitrator will resolve any problem
promptly, and the arbitrator’s decision
will be binding on both Funds. The
arbitrator will submit, at least annually,
a written report to the Board of each
Fund setting forth a description of the
nature of any dispute and the actions
taken by the Funds involved to resolve
the dispute.
16. Each Fund will maintain, and
preserve for a period of not less than six
years from the end of the fiscal year in
which any transaction by it under the
Facility occurred, the first two years in
an easily accessible place, written
records of all such transactions setting
forth a description of the terms of the
transactions, including the amount, the
maturity and the Interfund Loan Rate,
the rate of interest available at the time
each Interfund Loan is made on
overnight repurchase agreements and
bank borrowings, and such other
information presented to the Fund’s
Board in connection with the review
required by conditions 13 and 14.
17. The Fund Administration
Department will prepare and submit
(through CIM) to the Board of each Fund
for review an initial report describing
the operations of the Facility and the
procedures to be implemented to ensure
that all Funds are treated fairly. After
commencement of the Facility, the Fund
Administration Department will report
on the operations of the credit facility at
each Board’s quarterly meetings. In
addition, each Fund’s chief compliance
officer, as defined in rule 38a–1(a)(4)
under the Act, shall prepare an annual
report for its Board each year that the
Fund participates in the Facility, which
report evaluates the Fund’s compliance
with the terms and conditions of the
application and the procedures
established to achieve such compliance.
Each Fund’s chief compliance officer
will also annually file a certification
pursuant to Item 77Q3 of Form N–SAR,
as such Form may be revised, amended,
2 If the dispute involves Funds with different
Boards, the Board of each Fund will select an
independent arbitrator that is satisfactory to each
Fund.
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20:04 Aug 29, 2016
Jkt 238001
or superseded from time to time, for
each year that the Fund participates in
the Facility, that certifies that the Fund
and CIM have established procedures
reasonably designed to achieve
compliance with the terms and
conditions of the order. In particular,
such certification will address
procedures designed to achieve the
following objectives: (a) That the
Interfund Loan Rate will be higher than
the Repo Rate, but lower than the Bank
Loan Rate; (b) compliance with the
collateral requirements as set forth in
the application; (c) compliance with the
percentage limitations on interfund
borrowing and lending; (d) allocation of
interfund borrowing and lending
demand in an equitable manner and in
accordance with procedures established
by the Board of each Fund; and (e) that
the Interfund Loan Rate does not exceed
the interest rate on any third party
borrowings of a borrowing Fund at the
time of the Interfund Loan.
Additionally, each Fund’s
independent public accountants, in
connection with their audit
examinations of the Fund, will review
the operation of the Facility for
compliance with the conditions of the
application and their review will form
the basis, in part, of the auditor’s report
on internal accounting controls in Form
N–SAR.
18. No Fund will participate in the
Facility upon receipt of requisite
regulatory approval unless it has fully
disclosed in its prospectus and/or
statement of additional information all
material facts about its intended
participation.
For the Commission, by the Division of
Investment Management, under delegated
authority.
Robert W. Errett,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2016–20738 Filed 8–29–16; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
[Release No. 34–78665; File No. SR–Phlx–
2016–85)
Self-Regulatory Organizations;
NASDAQ PHLX LLC; Notice of Filing
and Immediate Effectiveness of
Proposed Rule Change to Amend the
Exchange’s Connectivity Fees at
Chapter VIII of the NASDAQ PHLX LLC
Pricing Schedule
August 24, 2016.
Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
PO 00000
Frm 00097
Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
59693
(’’Act’’),1 and Rule 19b–4 thereunder,2
notice is hereby given that on August
12, 2016, NASDAQ PHLX LLC (’’Phlx’’
or ‘‘Exchange’’) filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission (’’SEC’’ or
‘‘Commission’’) the proposed rule
change as described in Items I, II, and
III, below, which Items have been
prepared by the Exchange. The
Commission is publishing this notice to
solicit comments on the proposed rule
change from interested persons.
I. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Terms of Substance of
the Proposed Rule Change
The Exchange proposes to amend the
Exchange’s connectivity fees at Chapter
VIII of the NASDAQ PHLX LLC Pricing
Schedule to: (i) limit the total monthly
fee a PSX Participant may be assessed
for connectivity under the rule; and (ii)
provide a waiver of all connectivity fees
to new PSX Participants for a limited
time; (iii) eliminate prorated billing; and
(iv) change the name of the fees assessed
under the rule.
The text of the proposed rule change
is available on the Exchange’s Web site
at https://nasdaqphlx.cchwallstreet.
com/, at the principal office of the
Exchange, and at the Commission’s
Public Reference Room.
II. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
Change
In its filing with the Commission, the
Exchange included statements
concerning the purpose of and basis for
the proposed rule change. The text of
these statements may be examined at
the places specified in Item IV below.
The Exchange has prepared summaries,
set forth in sections A, B, and C below,
of the most significant aspects of such
statements.
A. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
Change
1. Purpose
The purpose of the proposed rule
change is to amend the Exchange’s
connectivity fees under ‘‘Access
Services Fees’’ at Chapter VIII of the
NASDAQ PHLX LLC Pricing Schedule
to: (i) limit the total monthly fee a PSX
Participant may be assessed for
connectivity under the rule; (ii) provide
a waiver of all connectivity fees to new
PSX Participants for a limited time; (iii)
eliminate prorated billing; and (iv)
change the name of the fees assessed
1 15
2 17
E:\FR\FM\30AUN1.SGM
U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
CFR 240.19b–4.
30AUN1
Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 81, Number 168 (Tuesday, August 30, 2016)]
[Notices]
[Pages 59688-59693]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2016-20738]
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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
[Investment Company Act Release No. 32234; File No. 812-14529]
Calvert Social Investment Fund, et al.; Notice of Application
August 24, 2016.
AGENCY: Securities and Exchange Commission (``Commission'').
ACTION: Notice of an application for an order pursuant to (a) section
6(c) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 (``Act'') granting an
exemption from sections 18(f) and 21(b) of the Act; (b) section
12(d)(1)(J) of the Act granting an exemption from section 12(d)(1) of
the Act; (c) sections 6(c) and 17(b) of the Act granting an exemption
from sections 17(a)(1), 17(a)(2) and 17(a)(3) of the Act; and (d)
section 17(d) of the Act and rule 17d-1 under the Act to permit certain
joint arrangements.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Summary of the Application: Applicants request an order that would
permit certain registered open-end management investment companies to
participate in a joint lending and borrowing facility.
Applicants: Calvert Social Investment Fund, Calvert Sage Fund,
Calvert World Values Fund, Inc., Calvert Responsible Index Series,
Inc., Calvert Impact Fund, Inc., The Calvert Fund, Calvert Management
Series, Calvert Variable Series, Inc., and Calvert Variable Products,
Inc. (collectively, the ``Companies''), and Calvert Investment
Management, Inc. (``CIM'').
Filing Dates: The application was filed on August 5, 2015, and
amended on January 19, 2016, and April 28, 2016.
Hearing or Notification of Hearing: An order granting the requested
relief will be issued unless the Commission orders a hearing.
Interested persons may request a hearing by writing to the Commission's
Secretary and serving applicants with a copy of the request, personally
or by mail. Hearing requests should be received by the Commission by
5:30 p.m. on September 19, 2016, and should be accompanied by proof of
service on the applicants, in the form of an affidavit or, for lawyers,
a certificate of service. Pursuant to rule 0-5 under the Act, hearing
requests should state the nature of the writer's interest, any facts
bearing upon the desirability of a hearing on the matter, the reason
for the request, and the issues contested. Persons who wish to be
notified of a hearing may request notification by writing to the
Commission's Secretary.
ADDRESSES: Secretary, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 100 F
Street
[[Page 59689]]
NE., Washington, DC, 20549-1090; Applicants, c/o Andrew K. Niebler,
Esq., Calvert Investment Management, Inc., 4550 Montgomery Avenue Suite
1000N, Bethesda, MD 20814.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Erin C. Loomis, Senior Counsel, at
(202) 551-6721 or Sara Crovitz, Assistant Chief Counsel, at (202) 551-
6862 (Division of Investment Management, Chief Counsel's Office).
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The following is a summary of the
application. The complete application may be obtained via the
Commission's Web site by searching for the file number, or for an
applicant using the Company name box, at https://www.sec.gov/search/search.htm or by calling (202) 551-8090.
Applicants' Representations
1. Each Company is organized as a Massachusetts business trust,
Maryland corporation or Maryland business trust. Each Company is
registered under the Act as an open-end management investment company.
Each Company consists of one or more series, none of which hold
themselves out as money market funds in reliance on rule 2a-7 under the
Act, and each Company may offer additional series in the future. CIM
serves as the investment adviser to the Funds and is a wholly-owned
subsidiary of Calvert Investments, Inc., which is an indirect wholly-
owned subsidiary of Ameritas Mutual Holding Company.\1\ CIM and every
investment adviser to the Funds will be registered as an investment
adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Applicants request that the order apply to any registered
open-end management investment company or series thereof (except
with respect to a money market fund) for which CIM or any successor
thereto or an investment adviser controlling, controlled by, or
under common control (within the meaning of section 2(a)(9) of the
Act) with CIM or any successor thereto serves as investment adviser
(each a ``Fund,'' and collectively the ``Funds''). All Funds that
currently intend to rely on the requested order have been named as
applicants, and any other Fund that relies on the requested order in
the future will comply with the terms and conditions of the
application. The term ``successor'' is limited to any entity that
results from a reorganization into another jurisdiction or a change
in the type of business organization.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. At any particular time, while Funds with uninvested cash may
enter into repurchase agreements or purchase other short-term
instruments issued by banks or other entities, other Funds may need to
borrow money from the same or similar banks for temporary purposes to
cover unanticipated cash shortfalls such as a trade ``fail'' in which
cash payment for a security sold by a Fund has been delayed, or for
other temporary purposes. Certain Funds may borrow for investment
purposes; however, such Funds will not borrow from the Facility (as
defined below) for the purposes of leverage. Presently, the Funds have
committed and uncommitted lines of credit with their custodian bank,
which is unaffiliated with the Funds. If a Fund had a temporary cash
need, it could borrow money through the line of credit.
3. If the Funds borrowed under a line of credit from their
custodian bank, the Funds would pay interest on the borrowed cash at a
rate that would be higher than the rate that would be earned by other
(non-borrowing) Funds on the investments in repurchase agreements and
other short-term instruments of the same maturity as the bank loan.
Applicants assert that this differential represents the profit the
banks would earn for serving as a middleman between a borrower and
lender and is not attributable to any material difference in the credit
quality or risk in such transactions. The banks, in effect, would
borrow uninvested cash from some Funds in the form of repurchase
agreements or other short-term obligations and lend cash to other Funds
at a rate higher than the bank's cost of borrowing the cash.
4. The Funds seek to enter into master interfund lending agreements
(``Interfund Lending Agreements'') with each other that would permit
each Fund to lend money directly to and borrow money directly from
other Funds through a credit facility (``Facility'') for temporary
purposes (an ``Interfund Loan''). Applicants assert that the Facility
would both reduce the Funds' potential borrowing costs and enhance the
ability of the lending Funds to earn higher rates of interest on their
short-term lendings. Although the Facility would reduce the Funds' need
to borrow from banks, the Funds would be free to establish and maintain
committed lines of credit or other borrowing arrangements with
unaffiliated banks. The Funds are charged a commitment fee up-front to
obtain the bank's commitment to lend money. These fees must be paid
regardless of whether a Fund borrows any money from the bank. Due to
the up-front costs of these arrangements, the Funds prefer to have
available additional credit arrangements.
5. Applicants anticipate that the Facility will provide a borrowing
Fund with significant savings at times when the cash position of the
Fund is insufficient to meet temporary cash requirements. This
situation could arise when shareholder redemptions exceed anticipated
volumes, and certain Funds have insufficient cash on hand to satisfy
such redemptions. When the Funds liquidate portfolio securities to meet
redemption requests, they often do not receive payment in settlement
for up to three days (or longer for certain foreign transactions). The
redemption requests, however, normally are satisfied promptly upon
receipt. The Facility would provide a source of immediate, short-term
liquidity pending settlement of the sale of portfolio securities.
6. Applicants anticipate that a Fund could use the Facility when a
sale of securities ``fails'' due to circumstances beyond the Fund's
control, such as a delay in the delivery of cash to the Fund's
custodian or improper delivery instructions by the broker effecting the
transaction. ``Sales fails'' may present a cash shortfall if the Fund
has undertaken to purchase a security using the proceeds from
securities sold. Under such circumstances, the Fund could: (1) ``fail''
on its intended purchase due to lack of funds from the previous sale,
resulting in additional cost to the Fund, or (2) sell a security on a
same-day settlement basis, earning a lower return on the investment.
Use of the Facility under these circumstances would give the Fund
access to immediate short-term liquidity without incurring custodian
overdraft or other charges.
7. While bank borrowings generally could supply needed cash to
cover unanticipated redemptions and sales fails, the borrowing Funds
would incur commitment fees and/or other charges involved in obtaining
a bank loan. Under the Facility, a borrowing Fund would pay lower
interest rates than those that would be payable under short-term loans
offered by banks. In addition, Funds making short-term cash loans
directly to other Funds would earn interest at a rate higher than they
otherwise could obtain from investing their cash in repurchase
agreements or other substantially equivalent short-term investments.
Thus, applicants assert that the Facility would benefit both borrowing
and lending Funds.
8. The interest rate to be charged to the Funds on any Interfund
Loan (``Interfund Loan Rate'') would be determined daily and would be
the average of: (1) The ``Repo Rate,'' as defined below, and (2) the
``Bank Loan Rate,'' as defined below. The ``Repo Rate'' on any day
would be the highest current overnight repurchase agreement rate
available to a lending Fund. The Bank Loan Rate for any day would be
calculated by the Fund Administration Department (as defined below) on
each day an Interfund Loan is made according to a formula established
by each Fund's board of directors/trustees (``Board'') intended to
approximate the
[[Page 59690]]
lowest interest rate at which bank short-term loans would be available
to the Funds.
The formula would be based upon a publicly available rate (e.g.,
federal funds plus 125 basis points), which rate would vary so as to
reflect changing bank loan rates. The initial formula and any
subsequent modifications to the formula would be subject to the
approval of the Board of each Fund. In addition, the Board of each Fund
periodically would review the continuing appropriateness of reliance on
the publicly available rate used to determine the Bank Loan Rate, as
well as the relationship between the Bank Loan Rate and current bank
loan rates that would be available to the Funds. Applicants assert that
the continual adjustment of the Bank Loan Rate to reflect changes to
prevailing bank loan rates and the periodic review by the Board of each
Fund of the relationship between current bank rates and the Bank Loan
Rate, as well as the method of determining the Bank Loan Rate, should
ensure that the Bank Loan Rate reflects current market rates.
9. The Facility would be administered by officers and employees of
the Calvert Fund Administration Department (the ``Fund Administration
Department''), which is a part of Calvert Investment Administrative
Services, Inc., an affiliate of CIM. The Fund Administration Department
is responsible for, among other things, ensuring accurate calculation
of Fund net asset values, and preparing Fund financial statements and
other reports. No portfolio manager of any Fund will serve in the Fund
Administration Department. The Facility would be available to any Fund.
On any day on which a Fund intends to borrow money, the Fund
Administration Department would make an Interfund Loan from a lending
Fund to a borrowing Fund only if the Interfund Loan Rate is: (1) More
favorable to the lending Fund than the Repo Rate and (2) more favorable
to the borrowing Fund than the Bank Loan Rate. Under the Facility, the
portfolio managers for each participating Fund could provide standing
instructions to participate in the Facility daily as a borrower or
lender. The Fund Administration Department on each business day would
collect data on the uninvested cash and borrowing requirements of all
participating Funds. The Fund Administration Department would not
solicit cash for loans from any Fund or prospectively publish or
disseminate the amount of current borrowing demand to portfolio
managers. Once it had determined the aggregate amount of cash available
for loans and borrowing demand, the Fund Administration Department
would allocate loans among borrowing Funds without any further
communication from the portfolio managers of the Funds. Applicants
anticipate that there typically will be far more available uninvested
cash each day than borrowing demand. Therefore, after the Fund
Administration Department has allocated cash for Interfund Loans, any
remaining cash will be invested in accordance with the instructions of
each relevant portfolio manager or such remaining amounts will be
invested directly by the portfolio managers of the Funds.
10. The Fund Administration Department would allocate borrowing
demand and cash available for lending among the Funds on what the Fund
Administration Department believes to be an equitable basis, subject to
certain administrative procedures applicable to all Funds, such as: (1)
The time of filing requests to participate, (2) minimum loan lot sizes,
and (3) the need to minimize the number of transactions and associated
administrative costs. To reduce transaction costs, each loan normally
would be allocated in a manner intended to minimize the number of
participants necessary to complete the loan transaction. The method of
allocation and related administrative procedures would be approved by
the Board of each Fund, including a majority of the members of the
Board who are not ``interested persons'' of the Fund, as that term is
defined in section 2(a)(19) of the Act (``Independent Board Members''),
to ensure that both borrowing and lending Funds participate on an
equitable basis.
11. The Fund Administration Department would: (1) Monitor the
interest rates charged and the other terms and conditions of the loans;
(2) limit the borrowings and loans entered into by each Fund to ensure
that they comply with the Fund's investment policies and limitations;
(3) ensure equitable treatment of each Fund; and (4) make quarterly
reports to each Fund's Board concerning any transactions by the Fund
under the Facility and the Interfund Loan Rate charged.
12. CIM, through the Fund Administration Department, would
administer the Facility as a disinterested fiduciary as part of its
duties under the investment management and administrative agreements
with each Fund and would receive no additional fee as compensation in
connection with the administration of the Facility.
13. No Fund may participate in the Facility unless: (1) The Fund
has obtained shareholder approval for its participation, if such
approval is required by law; (2) the Fund has fully disclosed all
material information concerning the Facility in its prospectus and/or
statement of additional information; and (3) the Fund's participation
in the credit facility is consistent with its investment objective,
limitations, and organizational documents.
14. As part of the Board's review of the continuing appropriateness
of a Fund's participation in the Facility as required by condition 14,
the Board of each Fund, including a majority of Independent Board
Members, also will review the process in place to appropriately assess:
(i) If the Fund participates as a lender, any effect its participation
may have on the Fund's liquidity risk; and (ii) if the Fund
participates as a borrower, whether the Fund's portfolio liquidity is
sufficient to satisfy its obligations under the Facility along with its
other liquidity needs.
15. In connection with the Facility, applicants seek an order
pursuant to section 6(c) of the Act exempting them from the provisions
of section 18(f) and 21(b) of the Act; pursuant to section 12(d)(1)(J)
of the Act exempting them from the provisions of section 12(d)(1) of
the Act; pursuant to sections 6(c) and 17(b) of the Act exempting them
from the provisions of sections 17(a)(1), 17(a)(2), and 17(a)(3) of the
Act; and pursuant to section 17(d) of the Act and rule 17d-1
thereunder, to permit certain joint arrangements and to allow them to
participate in the Facility.
Applicants' Legal Analysis
1. Section 17(a)(3) of the Act generally prohibits any affiliated
person of a registered investment company, or any affiliated person of
such a person, from borrowing money or other property from the
registered investment company. Section 21(b) of the Act generally
prohibits any registered management company from lending money or other
property to any person if that person controls or is under common
control with that company. Section 2(a)(3)(C) of the Act defines an
``affiliated person'' of another person, in part, to be any person
directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under common
control with, such other person. Section 2(a)(9) of the Act defines
``control'' as the ``power to exercise a controlling influence over the
management or policies of a company,'' but excludes situations in which
``such power is solely the result of an official position with such
company.'' Applicants state that the Funds may be under common control
and thus ``affiliated persons'' of
[[Page 59691]]
each other within the meaning of that term under section 2(a)(3) of the
Act by virtue of having CIM as their common investment adviser and/or
by reason of having common officers, directors and/or trustees.
2. Section 6(c) of the Act provides that an exemptive order may be
granted where an exemption is necessary or appropriate in the public
interest and consistent with the protection of investors and the
purposes fairly intended by the policy and provisions of the Act.
Section 17(b) of the Act generally provides that the Commission may
exempt a proposed transaction from the provisions of section 17(a)
provided that: (i) The terms of the transaction, including the
consideration to be paid or received, are fair and reasonable and do
not involve overreaching on the part of any person concerned; (ii) the
transaction is consistent with the policy of the investment company as
recited in its registration statement and reports filed under the Act;
and (iii) the transaction is consistent with the general purposes of
the Act. Applicants believe that the proposed arrangements satisfy
these standards for the reasons discussed below.
3. Applicants assert that sections 17(a)(3) and 21(b) of the Act
were intended to prevent a party with strong potential adverse
interests to, and some influence over the investment decisions of, a
registered investment company from causing or inducing the investment
company to engage in lending transactions that unfairly inure to the
benefit of such party and that are detrimental to the best interests of
the investment company and its shareholders. Applicants assert that the
Facility transactions do not raise these concerns because: (i) CIM,
through the Fund Administration Department, would administer the
program as a disinterested fiduciary as part of its duties under the
investment management and administrative service agreements with each
Fund; (ii) all Interfund Loans would consist only of uninvested cash
reserves that the lending Fund otherwise would invest in short-term
repurchase agreements or other short-term instruments; (iii) the
Interfund Loans would not involve a significantly greater risk than
other such investments; (iv) the lending Fund would earn interest at a
rate higher than it could otherwise obtain through such other
investments; and (v) the borrowing Fund would pay interest at a rate
lower than otherwise available to it under its bank loan agreements and
avoid the up-front commitment fees associated with committed lines of
credit. Moreover, applicants assert that the other terms and conditions
that applicants propose also would effectively preclude the possibility
of any Fund obtaining an undue advantage over any other Fund.
4. Section 17(a)(1) of the Act generally prohibits any affiliated
person of a registered investment company, or any affiliated person of
such a person, from selling securities or other property to the
investment company. Section 17(a)(2) of the Act generally prohibits any
affiliated person of a registered investment company, or any affiliated
person of such a person, from purchasing securities or other property
from the investment company. Section 12(d)(1) of the Act generally
prohibits any registered investment company from purchasing or
otherwise acquiring any security issued by any other investment company
except in accordance with the limitations set forth in that section.
5. Applicants state that the obligation of a borrowing Fund to
repay an Interfund Loan could be deemed to constitute a security for
the purposes of sections 17(a)(1) and 12(d)(1) of the Act. Applicants
also state that a pledge of assets in connection with an Interfund Loan
could be construed as a purchase of the borrowing Fund's securities or
other property for purposes of section 17(a)(2) of the Act. Section
12(d)(1)(J) of the Act provides that the Commission may exempt persons
or transactions from any provision of section 12(d)(1) if and to the
extent that such exemption is consistent with the public interest and
the protection of investors. Applicants contend that the standards
under sections 6(c), 17(b), and 12(d)(1)(J) are satisfied for all the
reasons set forth above in support of their request for relief from
sections 17(a)(3) and 21(b) and for the reasons discussed below.
Applicants also state that the requested relief from section 17(a)(2)
of the Act meets the standards of section 6(c) and 17(b) because any
collateral pledged to secure an Interfund Loan would be subject to the
same conditions imposed by any other lender to a Fund that imposes
conditions on the quality of or access to collateral for a borrowing
(if the lender is another Fund) or the same or better conditions (in
any other circumstance).
6. Applicants state that section 12(d)(1) was intended to prevent
the pyramiding of investment companies in order to avoid imposing on
investors additional and duplicative costs and fees attendant upon
multiple layers of investments. Applicants submit that the Facility
does not involve these abuses. Applicants note that there will be no
duplicative costs or fees to the Funds or their shareholders, and that
CIM, through the Fund Administration Department, will receive no
additional compensation for their services in connection with the
administration of the Facility. Applicants also note that the purpose
of the Facility is to provide economic benefits for all the
participating Funds and their shareholders.
7. Section 18(f)(1) of the Act prohibits any open-end investment
company from issuing any senior security except that any such company
is permitted to borrow from any bank, provided, that immediately after
the borrowing, there is asset coverage of at least 300 per centum for
all borrowings of the company. Under section 18(g) of the Act, the term
``senior security'' generally includes any bond, debenture, note or
similar obligation or instrument constituting a security and evidencing
indebtedness. Applicants request exemptive relief under section 6(c)
from section 18(f)(1) to the limited extent necessary to permit a Fund
to borrow directly from other Funds.
8. Applicants believe that granting relief under section 6(c) is
appropriate because the Funds would remain subject to the requirement
of section 18(f)(1) that all borrowings of a Fund, including combined
interfund and bank borrowings, have at least 300% asset coverage. Based
on the conditions and safeguards described in the application,
applicants also submit that to allow the Funds to borrow from other
Funds pursuant to the Facility is consistent with the purposes and
policies of section 18(f)(1).
9. Section 17(d) of the Act and rule 17d-1 under the Act generally
prohibit any affiliated person of a registered investment company, or
any affiliated person of such a person, when acting as principal, from
effecting any transaction in which the investment company is a joint,
or joint and several participant, unless, upon application, the
transaction has been approved by an order of the Commission. Rule 17d-
1(b) under the Act provides that in passing upon an application filed
under the rule, the Commission will consider whether the participation
of the registered investment company in a joint enterprise, joint
arrangement, or profit-sharing plan on the basis proposed is consistent
with the provisions, policies and purposes of the Act and the extent to
which such participation is on a basis different from or less
advantageous than that of the other participants.
10. Applicants assert that the purpose of section 17(d) is to avoid
overreaching
[[Page 59692]]
and unfair advantage to insiders. Applicants assert that the Facility
is consistent with the provisions, policies and purposes of the Act in
that it offers both reduced borrowing costs and enhanced returns on
loaned funds to all participating Funds and their shareholders.
Applicants note that each Fund would have an equal opportunity to
borrow and lend on equal terms consistent with its investment policies
and limitations. Applicants assert that each Fund's participation in
the Facility would be on terms that are no different from or less
advantageous than that of other participating Funds.
Applicants' Conditions
Applicants agree that any order granting the requested relief will
be subject to the following conditions:
1. The Interfund Loan Rate will be the average of the Repo Rate and
Bank Loan Rate.
2. On each business day, the Fund Administration Department will
compare the Bank Loan Rate with the Repo Rate and will make cash
available for Interfund Loans only if the Interfund Loan Rate is: (i)
More favorable to the lending Fund than the Repo Rate; and (ii) more
favorable to the borrowing Fund than the Bank Loan Rate.
3. If a Fund has outstanding bank borrowings, any Interfund Loans
to the Fund: (i) Will be at an interest rate equal to or lower than the
interest rate of any outstanding bank loan, (ii) will be secured at
least on an equal priority basis with at least an equivalent percentage
of collateral to loan value as any outstanding bank loan that requires
collateral, (iii) will have a maturity no longer than any outstanding
bank loan (and in any event not over seven days), and (iv) will provide
that, if an event of default by the Fund occurs under any agreement
evidencing an outstanding bank loan to the Fund, that event of default
will automatically (without need for action or notice by the lending
Fund) constitute an immediate event of default under the Interfund
Lending Agreement entitling the lending Fund to call the Interfund Loan
(and exercise all rights with respect to any collateral) and that such
call will be made if the lending bank exercises its right to call its
loan under its agreement with the borrowing Fund.
4. A Fund may make an unsecured borrowing through the Facility if
its outstanding borrowings from all sources immediately after the
interfund borrowing total 10% or less of its total assets, provided
that if the Fund has a secured loan outstanding from any other lender,
including but not limited to another Fund, the Fund's interfund
borrowing will be secured on at least an equal priority basis with at
least an equivalent percentage of collateral to loan value as any
outstanding loan that requires collateral. If a Fund's total
outstanding borrowings immediately after an interfund borrowing would
be greater than 10% of its total assets, the Fund may borrow through
the Facility on a secured basis only. A Fund may not borrow through the
Facility or from any other source if its total outstanding borrowings
immediately after the interfund borrowing would be more than 33\1/3\%
of its total assets.
5. Before any Fund that has outstanding interfund borrowings may,
through additional borrowings, cause its outstanding borrowings from
all sources to exceed 10% of its total assets, the Fund must first
secure each outstanding Interfund Loan by the pledge of segregated
collateral with a market value at least equal to 102% of the
outstanding principal value of the loan. If the total outstanding
borrowings of a Fund with outstanding Interfund Loans exceed 10% of its
total assets for any other reason (such as a decline in net asset value
or because of shareholder redemptions), the Fund will within one
business day thereafter: (i) Repay all its outstanding Interfund Loans,
(ii) reduce its outstanding indebtedness to 10% or less of its total
assets, or (iii) secure each outstanding Interfund Loan by the pledge
of segregated collateral with a market value at least equal to 102% of
the outstanding principal value of the loan until the Fund's total
outstanding borrowings cease to exceed 10% of its total assets, at
which time the collateral called for by this condition 5 shall no
longer be required. Until each Interfund Loan that is outstanding at
any time that a Fund's total outstanding borrowings exceed 10% is
repaid or the Fund's total outstanding borrowings cease to exceed 10%
of its total assets, the Fund will mark the value of the collateral to
market each day and will pledge such additional collateral as is
necessary to maintain the market value of the collateral that secures
each outstanding Interfund Loan at least equal to 102% of the
outstanding principal value of the Interfund Loan.
6. No Fund may lend to another Fund through the Facility if the
loan would cause its aggregate outstanding loans through the Facility
to exceed 15% of the lending Fund's current net assets at the time of
the loan.
7. A Fund's Interfund Loans to any one Fund shall not exceed 5% of
the lending Fund's net assets.
8. The duration of the Interfund Loans will be limited to the time
required to receive payment for securities sold, but in no event more
than seven days. Loans effected within seven days of each other will be
treated as separate loan transactions for purposes of this condition 8.
9. A Fund's borrowings through the Facility, as measured on the day
when the most recent loan was made, will not exceed the greater of 125%
of the Fund's total net cash redemptions for the preceding seven
calendar days or 102% of the Fund's sales fails for the preceding seven
calendar days.
10. Each Interfund Loan may be called on one business day's notice
by a lending Fund and may be repaid on any day by a borrowing Fund.
11. A Fund's participation in the Facility must be consistent with
its investment objectives and limitations and organizational documents.
12. The Fund Administration Department will calculate total Fund
borrowing and lending demand through the Facility and allocate loans on
an equitable basis among the Funds without the intervention of any
portfolio manager of the Funds. The Fund Administration Department will
not solicit cash for the Facility from any Fund or prospectively
publish or disseminate loan demand data to portfolio managers. The Fund
Administration Department will invest any amounts remaining after
satisfaction of borrowing demand in accordance with the instructions of
each relevant portfolio manager or such remaining amounts will be
invested directly by the portfolio managers of the Funds.
13. The Fund Administration Department will monitor the Interfund
Loan Rate and the other terms and conditions of the Interfund Loans
and, CIM, through the Fund Administration Department, will make a
quarterly report to the Board of each Fund concerning the participation
of the Fund in the Facility and the terms and other conditions of any
extension of credit under the Facility.
14. The Board of each Fund, including a majority of Independent
Board Members, will:
(a) Review, no less frequently than quarterly, the relevant Fund's
participation in the Facility during the preceding quarter for
compliance with the conditions of any order permitting such
transactions;
(b) establish the Bank Loan Rate formula used to determine the
interest rate on Interfund Loans and review, no less frequently than
annually, the continuing appropriateness of the Bank Loan Rate formula;
and
(c) review, no less frequently than annually, the continuing
[[Page 59693]]
appropriateness of the relevant Fund's participation in the Facility.
15. In the event an Interfund Loan is not paid according to its
terms and the default is not cured within two business days from its
maturity or from the time the lending Fund makes a demand for payment
under the provisions of the Interfund Lending Agreement, CIM will
promptly refer the loan for arbitration to an independent arbitrator
selected by the Board of each Fund involved in the loan who will serve
as arbitrator of disputes concerning Interfund Loans.\2\ The arbitrator
will resolve any problem promptly, and the arbitrator's decision will
be binding on both Funds. The arbitrator will submit, at least
annually, a written report to the Board of each Fund setting forth a
description of the nature of any dispute and the actions taken by the
Funds involved to resolve the dispute.
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\2\ If the dispute involves Funds with different Boards, the
Board of each Fund will select an independent arbitrator that is
satisfactory to each Fund.
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16. Each Fund will maintain, and preserve for a period of not less
than six years from the end of the fiscal year in which any transaction
by it under the Facility occurred, the first two years in an easily
accessible place, written records of all such transactions setting
forth a description of the terms of the transactions, including the
amount, the maturity and the Interfund Loan Rate, the rate of interest
available at the time each Interfund Loan is made on overnight
repurchase agreements and bank borrowings, and such other information
presented to the Fund's Board in connection with the review required by
conditions 13 and 14.
17. The Fund Administration Department will prepare and submit
(through CIM) to the Board of each Fund for review an initial report
describing the operations of the Facility and the procedures to be
implemented to ensure that all Funds are treated fairly. After
commencement of the Facility, the Fund Administration Department will
report on the operations of the credit facility at each Board's
quarterly meetings. In addition, each Fund's chief compliance officer,
as defined in rule 38a-1(a)(4) under the Act, shall prepare an annual
report for its Board each year that the Fund participates in the
Facility, which report evaluates the Fund's compliance with the terms
and conditions of the application and the procedures established to
achieve such compliance. Each Fund's chief compliance officer will also
annually file a certification pursuant to Item 77Q3 of Form N-SAR, as
such Form may be revised, amended, or superseded from time to time, for
each year that the Fund participates in the Facility, that certifies
that the Fund and CIM have established procedures reasonably designed
to achieve compliance with the terms and conditions of the order. In
particular, such certification will address procedures designed to
achieve the following objectives: (a) That the Interfund Loan Rate will
be higher than the Repo Rate, but lower than the Bank Loan Rate; (b)
compliance with the collateral requirements as set forth in the
application; (c) compliance with the percentage limitations on
interfund borrowing and lending; (d) allocation of interfund borrowing
and lending demand in an equitable manner and in accordance with
procedures established by the Board of each Fund; and (e) that the
Interfund Loan Rate does not exceed the interest rate on any third
party borrowings of a borrowing Fund at the time of the Interfund Loan.
Additionally, each Fund's independent public accountants, in
connection with their audit examinations of the Fund, will review the
operation of the Facility for compliance with the conditions of the
application and their review will form the basis, in part, of the
auditor's report on internal accounting controls in Form N-SAR.
18. No Fund will participate in the Facility upon receipt of
requisite regulatory approval unless it has fully disclosed in its
prospectus and/or statement of additional information all material
facts about its intended participation.
For the Commission, by the Division of Investment Management,
under delegated authority.
Robert W. Errett,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2016-20738 Filed 8-29-16; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011-01-P