Lighting and Marking on Agricultural Equipment, 40528-40534 [2016-14571]
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Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 120 / Wednesday, June 22, 2016 / Rules and Regulations
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
National Highway Traffic Safety
Administration
49 CFR Part 562
[Docket No. NHTSA–2016–0064]
RIN 2127–AL28
Lighting and Marking on Agricultural
Equipment
National Highway Traffic
Safety Administration (NHTSA),
Department of Transportation (DOT).
ACTION: Final rule.
AGENCY:
Pursuant to the Moving
Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century
Act (MAP–21), the agency is adding a
new regulation to the CFR that sets forth
requirements for lighting and marking
on agricultural equipment to improve
daytime and nighttime visibility. It
standardizes lighting and marking
requirements for agricultural equipment
across the United States.
DATES: Effective Date: June 22, 2016.
Compliance Date: June 22, 2017.
The incorporation by reference of
certain publications listed in the rule is
approved by the Director of the Federal
Register as of June 22, 2016.
ADDRESSES:
Mail: Docket Management Facility,
M–30, U.S. Department of
Transportation, 1200 New Jersey
Avenue SE., West Building, Ground
Floor, Room W12–140, Washington, DC
20590.
Hand Delivery: U.S. Department of
Transportation, 1200 New Jersey
Avenue SE., West Building, Ground
Floor, Room W12–140, between 9 a.m.
and 5 p.m. Eastern Time, Monday
through Friday, except Federal holidays.
Fax: 202–493–2251.
Docket: For access to the docket to
read background documents, go to
https://www.regulations.gov, or the street
address listed above. Follow the online
instructions for accessing the dockets.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: For
technical issues: Mr. Wayne McKenzie,
Office of Crash Avoidance Standards,
NHTSA, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE.,
West Building, Washington, DC 20590
(Telephone: (202) 366–0098) (Fax: (202)
366–7002).
For legal issues: Ms. Rebecca Yoon,
Office of the Chief Counsel, NHTSA,
1200 New Jersey Avenue SE., West
Building, Washington, DC 20590
(Telephone: (202) 366–2992) (Fax: (202)
366–3820).
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
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SUMMARY:
Table of Contents
I. Executive Summary
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II. Background
III. Legislative Mandate Under the Moving
Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century
Act (MAP–21)
IV. Notice and Comment Are Unnecessary
V. American Society of Agricultural and
Biological Engineers (ASABE) Standards
Development
VI. Summaries of and Availability of ASABE
Standards 390.4; ‘‘Definitions and
Classifications of Agricultural Field
Equipment’’ and 279.14; ‘‘Lighting and
Marking of Agricultural Equipment on
Highways’’
VII. NHTSA Is Incorporating ASABE
Standards by Reference
VIII. Costs and Benefits
IX. Rulemaking Analyses
I. Executive Summary
On July 6, 2012, the President signed
into law the Moving Ahead for Progress
in the 21st Century Act (MAP–21),
Public Law 112–141. Section 31601 of
MAP–21 contains a non-discretionary
mandate concerning daytime and
nighttime visibility of agricultural
equipment that may be operated on
public roads.1 It requires NHTSA 2 to
establish lighting and marking standards
equivalent to an existing industry
standard for agricultural equipment that
may be operated on public roads.
This rulemaking implements that
mandate by adopting the American
Society of Agricultural and Biological
Engineers (ASABE) Standard 279.14, a
voluntary industry consensus standard,
for originally manufactured agricultural
equipment.
II. Background
NHTSA has not regulated the
manufacture of most agricultural
equipment in the past, because it did
not have specific authority to do so.
Under the National Traffic and Motor
Vehicle Safety Act (49 U.S.C. Chapter
30101 et. seq.) (Safety Act), NHTSA is
authorized to regulate motor vehicles
and items of motor vehicle equipment.
NHTSA has interpreted most types of
agricultural equipment to be outside the
definition of ‘‘motor vehicle’’ contained
in the Safety Act, and therefore beyond
NHTSA’s safety authority. As defined in
the Safety Act, a motor vehicle means ‘‘a
vehicle driven or drawn by mechanical
power and manufactured primarily for
use on public streets, roads, and
highways. . . .’’ (49 U.S.C. 30102). We
have stated that vehicles equipped with
tracks, agricultural equipment, and
other vehicles incapable of highway
travel are not motor vehicles. We have
1 Section 31601 of MAP–21 was classified as a
note to 49 U.S.C. 30111.
2 Section 31601 of MAP–21 directs the Secretary
of Transportation to promulgate this rule. This
authority is delegated to the National Highway
Traffic Administrator at 49 CFR 1.95.
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also determined that certain vehicles
designed and sold solely for off-road use
(e.g., airport runway vehicles and
underground mining vehicles) are not
motor vehicles, even if they may be
operationally capable of highway travel.
Also, vehicles are not motor vehicles if
they were designed to be used primarily
at off-road job sites and, although
capable of being operated on public
roads from one job site to another, use
roads only incidentally to the primary
purpose for which they were
manufactured (e.g., mobile cranes).3
Use of most agricultural equipment on
the public roadways is intermittent and
merely incidental to its primary off-road
use. In a limited number of
circumstances NHTSA has determined a
piece of agricultural equipment to be a
motor vehicle based on the specific
factors listed above, such as its
necessary and recurring use of public
roads.4 However, NHTSA does not
consider the vast majority of pieces of
agricultural equipment to be motor
vehicles within the meaning of the
Safety Act.
Consequently, States have been the
primary sources of regulations for
agricultural equipment lighting and
marking. The result has been a varied
landscape of regulations. NHTSA
understands that this has created
difficulties for manufacturers seeking to
sell and market agricultural equipment
that will meet all State on-road use
requirements in multiple States. A
national requirement for lighting and
marking on agricultural equipment may
reduce costs and increase efficiency for
manufacturers selling agricultural
equipment in multiple States.
As discussed in greater detail in
Section VI below, ASABE’s
development of voluntary standards has
begun to standardize the requirements
for agricultural equipment. Some States
have adopted versions of ASABE
Standard 279 as their requirement for
lighting and marking on agricultural
equipment.
MAP–21 contains a non-discretionary
mandate requiring NHTSA to establish
a Federal rule for lighting and marking
on agricultural equipment that is
equivalent to the ASABE lighting and
marking standard. NHTSA is issuing
this rule in response to that mandate.
3 See e.g., letter of interpretation to Ms. Melissa
A. Burt on Jan. 12, 2005, available at https://
isearch.nhtsa.gov/files/Supreme_intl.html (last
accessed May 31, 2016).
4 See e.g., id. (determining that the Truck Mount
Feed Processor was a motor vehicle based on its
more-than-incidental use of public roads and the
fact that the vehicle is constructed using a chassis
cab, which was not altered in ways that would limit
it to off-road use).
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Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 120 / Wednesday, June 22, 2016 / Rules and Regulations
This creates a federal, nationwide
standard for lighting and marking on
agricultural equipment, which may
reduce the burden on manufacturers
manufacturing agricultural equipment
for sale in multiple States.
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III. Legislative Mandate Under MAP–21
Section 31601 of MAP–21 contains
the non-discretionary requirement that
NHTSA establish minimum lighting and
marking standards for agricultural
equipment that may be operated on
public roads. Section 31601 requires
NHTSA’s standards to be equivalent to
ASABE 279.14, or any successor
standard. The term ‘‘agricultural
equipment,’’ as it applies in this section
of MAP–21, has the meaning given the
term ‘‘agricultural field equipment’’ in
ASABE Standard 390.4, entitled
‘‘Definitions and Classifications of
Agricultural Field Equipment,’’ or any
successor standard. Standard 390.4
defines ‘‘agricultural field equipment’’
as ‘‘any agricultural tractor,5 selfpropelled machine,6 implement 7 or any
combination thereof that is primarily
designed for agricultural field
operations.’’ Additionally, ‘‘public
road’’ is defined as ‘‘any road or street
under the jurisdiction of and
maintained by a public authority and
open to public travel.’’
Given the clear and direct language
contained in section 31601, NHTSA
does not have the discretion to choose
to base its standards on any standard
other than ASABE Standard 279.14 or
an equivalent standard, or to set a
standard that differs in any way from
ASABE Standard 279.14 or an
equivalent standard.
NHTSA is required to promulgate the
rule required by section 31601 within
two years of MAP–21’s enactment. At
least once every five years after
promulgating the rule, NHTSA is
required to review it and update it
consistent with the most recent revision
of ASABE Standard 279.
Section 31601 also specifies that the
promulgated rule may not prohibit the
5 ASABE defines an agricultural tractor as ‘‘A
traction machine, intended primarily for off-road
usage, designed and advertised primarily to supply
power to agricultural implements. . . .’’ ANSI/
ASAE S390.4 JAN2005, 3.1.1–3.1.1.12.
6 ASABE defines a self-propelled machine as ‘‘a
machine designed with an integral power unit to
provide mobility, tractive effort, and process power
for performing agricultural operations.’’ Examples
include beet harvesters, combines, cotton pickers,
forage harvesters, cotton strippers, and forage
balers. ANSI/ASAE S390.4 JAN2005, 3.1.2–
3.1.2.3.2.
7 The ASABE definition further defines and lists
agricultural implements as items that are pulled by
or mounted on a tractor and used to perform
agricultural field operations, such as planters or
seed drills. ANSI/ASAE S390.4 JAN2005, 3.1.3–
3.1.3.10.
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operation on public roads of agricultural
equipment that is equipped with
lighting and marking materials and
equipment that comply with revisions
of ASABE Standard 279 that are later
than the one reflected in the rule. The
promulgated rule also may not prohibit
the operation on public roads of
agricultural equipment that is equipped
with lighting and marking materials and
equipment in addition to those required
by the rule.
The promulgated rule may not require
retrofitting of agricultural equipment
manufactured before the effective date
of the rule.
Section 31601 also contains the
requirement that NHTSA establish such
standards at least one year after the date
on which the rule establishing such
standards is promulgated. Accordingly,
the compliance date for this rule is June
22, 2017.
Finally, section 31601(b)(1) requires
that NHTSA consult with
representatives from ASABE,
appropriate Federal agencies, and with
other appropriate persons prior to
promulgating this rule. NHTSA met
with representatives from ASABE, the
Association of Equipment
Manufacturers, and AGCO in April 2013
to consult with them regarding this
rulemaking. We have also reached out to
other agricultural equipment
manufacturers. Additionally, NHTSA
has identified the following appropriate
Federal agencies and consulted with
them regarding this rulemaking: the
Federal Motor Carrier Safety
Administration, the Occupational Safety
and Health Administration, and the
United States Department of
Agriculture.
IV. Notice and Comment Are
Unnecessary
Generally, agencies may promulgate
final rules only after issuing a notice of
proposed rulemaking and providing an
opportunity for public comment under
procedures required by the
Administrative Procedure Act (APA), as
provided in 5 U.S.C. 553(b) and (c).
However, 5 U.S.C. 553(b)(3)(B) provides
an exception to these requirements
when notice and public comment
procedures are ‘‘impracticable,
unnecessary, or contrary to the public
interest.’’
NHTSA finds that notice and
comment is unnecessary prior to
adoption of this final rule because
Congress statutorily mandated that
NHTSA adopt specific existing lighting
and agricultural marking standards. By
incorporating these standards into
federal regulation, NHTSA is
performing a non-discretionary act.
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MAP–21 expressly requires NHTSA to
establish lighting and marking standards
for agricultural equipment that are
equivalent to ASABE Standard 279.14,
or any successor standard. NHTSA is
not aware of any other lighting and
marking standard for agricultural
equipment that is equivalent to ASABE
Standard 279.14 or any successor
standard. Because NHTSA’s statutory
authority is limited to either
incorporating ASABE Standard 279.14,
or an equivalent standard, NHTSA is
unable to amend the rule to address any
comments it may receive during a
comment period. For this reason, a
notice and comment period is
unnecessary for this rulemaking.
Therefore, NHTSA may adopt this
rule without issuing a notice of
proposed rulemaking and receiving
public comment, in accordance with the
APA. For these same reasons, the rule
will be effective on June 22, 2016.
V. ASABE Standards Development
Since its inception in 1907, ASABE 8
has been an educational and scientific
organization in the areas of agricultural,
food and biological systems. Over the
years, membership has grown to over
8,000 members in over 100 countries. Its
involvement in the industry has evolved
to include the creation and development
of its own voluntary standards that have
become widely accepted. Many States
use ASABE standards as the basis for
their own regulations. ASABE has
developed a comprehensive standards
development process that gives its
Standards Committee members as well
as the general membership population
ample involvement and input in the
journey from proposal to final adopted
standard.
ASABE’s standard creation is a 12
step process from start to finish that is
supervised by ASABE’s Standards
Development and Oversight
Committees.9 After making it through
the proposal phase, a draft standard is
created that is voted on by all members
of the Standards Development
Committee. In order for it to be
approved, at least 50% of the total
Standards Development Committee
must vote and it must receive 75% of
those votes in favor. Upon receiving
8 ASABE was founded as the American Society of
Agricultural Engineers. The society changed its
name to the American Society of Agricultural and
Biological Engineers in 2005 to reflect its
representation of biological engineers. ASABE:
Engineering a Sustainable Tomorrow, available at
https://www.asabe.org/media/67573/timeline_
reverse.pdf (last accessed May 31, 2016).
9 ASABE Staff. (n.d.). Standards. In Standards
Development Tools—Standardization Procedures,
available at https://www.asabe.org/standards.aspx
(last accessed May 31, 2016).
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approval from the Standards
Development Committee, it is sent to
the Oversight Committee, which
reviews both the standard and the
voting results of the Standards
Committee. After receiving approval
from the Oversight Committee the
standard is approved and published.10
VI. Summaries of and Availability of
ASABE Standards 390.4; ‘‘Definitions
and Classifications of Agricultural
Field Equipment’’ and 279.14; ‘‘Lighting
and Marking of Agricultural Equipment
on Highways’’
ASABE initially developed Standard
279, ‘‘Lighting and Marking of
Agricultural Equipment on Highways,’’
in 1954. Since then, the standard has
been modified and revised numerous
times. ASABE continues to update it. It
contains voluntary standards specified
for lighting and marking for all types of
agricultural field equipment (as defined
in ASABE Standard 390) that may be
operated on public highways and roads.
ASABE defines ‘‘agricultural field
equipment’’ as ‘‘any agricultural tractor,
self-propelled machine, implement or
any combination thereof that is
primarily designed for agricultural field
operations.’’ Section 31601 of MAP–21
defines ‘‘agricultural equipment,’’ for
purposes of this rulemaking, to be the
same as ASABE’s definition for
‘‘agricultural field equipment.’’
ASABE Standard 279.14 and the
definition of ‘‘agricultural field
equipment’’ at 390.4 are the versions of
the standards that are expressly
identified in MAP–21. MAP–21 states
that NHTSA may establish a rule that is
equivalent to these or any successor
standards. MAP–21 additionally states
that NHTSA may not prohibit the
operation on public roads of agricultural
equipment that is equipped with
lighting and marking in accordance with
later versions of the ASABE standard
than the one incorporated at
promulgation.
ASABE has updated both Standard
279, which is currently on version
279.18, and the definition section,
which is currently on version 390.5,
since MAP–21 became effective. Based
Category
Tractors and Self-Propelled
Equipment.
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Non Self-Propelled Equipment.
Requirements
Two head lamps, two red tail lamps and at least two flashing amber warning lights must be mounted at the same
height and spaced laterally as wide as possible.
At least two flashing amber warning lights visible from both front and rear must be used when the machine is at
least 3.7 m wide.
Turn signals must be provided.
For machines designed to exceed 40 km/h, at least two red rear facing stop lamps must be mounted that illuminate when operator has activated the brake control. If the machine is less than 1200 mm wide, only one stop
lamp may be used.
Machines that travel at less than 40 km/h may be equipped with red rear facing stop lamps. If equipped, then two
red tail lamps must be mounted at the same height and spaced laterally as wide as possible.
Two red retro reflective devices must be visible from the rear.
Machines wider than 3.7 m shall have conspicuity material visible from both the front and rear.
There are requirements for rotating beacons, if the agricultural equipment is equipped with them.
One slow moving vehicle (SMV) identification emblem must be installed on the machine.
There are CAN bus terminal receptacle requirements, if the agricultural equipment is equipped with them.
Equipment that obscures the SMV emblem of the propelling machine shall be equipped with an additional visible
SMV emblem.
Equipment that extends more than 1.2 m to the left or right of the propelling machine shall have at least one strip
of yellow retro reflective material visible from the front and at least one strip of red retro reflective material visible from the rear applied to indicate the extreme projections of the equipment.
Equipment more than 3.7 m wide must have at least two strips of yellow retro reflective material visible to the
front and at least two strips of red retro reflective material visible to the rear of the machine.
Equipment extending more than 5 m to the rear of the propelling vehicle shall be equipped with at least one SMV
emblem and shall have yellow retro reflective material visible from the left and right sides.
Equipment that obscures the tail lamps, flashing warning lamp, or stop lamp of the propelling machine, shall be
fitted as appropriate with lighting to take the place of the lamp(s) obscured.
Equipment that obscures the front or rear flashing lamps of the propelling machine shall have at least two amber
flashing lamps symmetrically mounted to the machine, visible from the front or rear of the machine.
Turn indicators shall be provided if necessary due to obstruction of turn indicators on the tow vehicle.
Stop lamps shall be provided for machines designed to travel at speeds above 40 km/h if necessary due to obstruction of turn indicators on the tow vehicle.
All required lamps on non-self-propelled equipment shall be connected to a seven terminal plug conforming to
SAE J560.
10 ASABE Staff. (n.d.). Standards. In Standards
Development Tools-•Flow chart of the ASABE
Standards Process, available at https://
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on our review, NHTSA does not believe
that ASABE’s updates to these standards
are significant for purposes of this
rulemaking.
ASABE Standard 390.4 defines
agricultural field equipment as
‘‘Agricultural tractors, self-propelled
machines, implements, and
combinations thereof designed
primarily for agricultural field
operations.’’
At the present time, many States use
various versions of the standard. States
do not always incorporate the latest
version of Standard 279 or update their
standards to reflect the latest version.
This has created a landscape with a
variety of slightly differing standards by
State. Adopting ASABE Standard
279.14, as mandated by Congress, may
help standardize lighting and marking
requirements for agricultural field
equipment by establishing one federal
requirement.
The lighting and marking 11
parameters of ASABE Standard 279.14
are as follows:
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www.asabe.org/standards.aspx (last accessed May
16, 2016).
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11 Photometry testing, details, and limits are not
reproduced here. To review these requirements,
please see ASABE Standard 279.14, available in the
DOT reading room.
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Both of these ASABE standards are
reasonably available to the public. You
may obtain a copy from ASABE through
their Web site at https://www.asabe.org/
publications/publications/
standards.aspx and by mail at ASABE,
2950 Niles Road, St. Joseph, Michigan
49085–9659. Additionally, you may
inspect a copy at the National Highway
Traffic Safety Administration, 1200 New
Jersey Avenue SE., Washington, DC
20590 or at the National Archives and
Records Administration.
VII. NHTSA Is Incorporating ASABE
Standards by Reference
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To meet the statutory requirement to
set standards, NHTSA is establishing a
new standard at 49 CFR part 562.
Section 31601 of MAP–21 requires that
the lighting and marking standards
established under that section be
equivalent to ASABE Standard 279.14,
or any successor standard. In response,
NHTSA is incorporating ASABE
Standard 279.14 in part 562 in its
entirety.
NHTSA believes that it can provide a
limited amount of compliance flexibility
by incorporating version 279.14 into our
standard, rather than the most current
version of 279, because MAP–21 does
not allow NHTSA to prevent operation
on public roads of equipment meeting
later versions of the standard. In other
words, by incorporating version 279.14,
we are allowing compliance with the
version identified by Congress or any
later version. We believe this approach
is consistent with Congress’s intent,
because it incorporates the version
identified by Congress, while also
providing some limited compliance
flexibility.
Section 31601 of MAP–21 gives the
term ‘‘agricultural equipment’’ the same
meaning as the term ‘‘agricultural field
equipment’’ in ASABE Standard 390.4,
or any successor standard. Accordingly,
NHTSA is incorporating the ASABE
Standard 390.4 definition of
‘‘agricultural field equipment’’ by
reference. The ASABE definition for
‘‘agricultural field equipment,’’ which is
the statutory definition for ‘‘agricultural
equipment’’ under section 31601,
includes tractors,12 self-propelled
12 ASABE defines an agricultural tractor as ‘‘a
traction machine, intended primarily for off-road
usage, designed and advertised primarily to supply
power to agricultural implements . . . .’’ ANSI/
ASAE S390.5 JAN2011, 3.1.1–3.1.1.12.
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machines 13 and implements.14 Part 562
will apply to new agricultural
equipment that may be operated on a
public road, specifically defined as ‘‘any
road or street under the jurisdiction of
and maintained by a public authority
and open to public travel.’’ 15 Personal
equipment used primarily by
homeowners, such as lawn tractors, and
lawnmowers, is beyond the scope of this
rulemaking.
Section 31601 of MAP–21 also
requires that NHTSA establish these
lighting and marking standards for
applicable agricultural equipment
manufactured at least one year after the
date on which the rule establishing such
standards is promulgated. Accordingly,
the date on which agricultural
equipment subject to this rule must be
compliant is June 22, 2017.
VIII. Costs and Benefits
The majority of agricultural
equipment that will be subject to the
rule is produced by large, full-line
equipment manufacturers, such as John
Deere, Agco and Kubota. NHTSA
believes that many of these large
agricultural equipment manufacturers
already build their products to comply
with the latest version of ASABE
Standard 279. As a result, NHTSA
believes that the majority of pieces of
agricultural equipment manufactured in
the United States are already in
compliance with ASABE Standard
279.14 or a successor standard.
Those that are not already compliant
with ASABE Standard 279 could easily
be made so for a very low cost or at no
cost. For example, the reflective
conspicuity tape necessary for
compliance can be purchased for as low
as 75 cents per foot. More expensive
components, such as head and tail
lights, which are required for some
pieces of equipment, can be sourced on
the open market for less than $50.00 per
set.
NHTSA believes that manufacturers
may benefit from this rulemaking
13 ASABE defines a self-propelled machine as ‘‘a
machine designed with an integral power unit to
provide mobility, tractive effort, and process power
for performing agricultural operations.’’ Examples
include beet harvesters, combines, cotton pickers,
forage harvesters, cotton strippers, and forage
balers. ANSI/ASAE S390.5 JAN2011, 3.1.2–
3.1.2.3.2.
14 The ASABE definition further defines and lists
agricultural implements as items that are pulled by
or mounted on a tractor and used to perform
agricultural field operations, such as seed drills and
planters. ANSI/ASAE S390.5 JAN2011, 3.1.3–
3.1.3.10.
15 This is more precise than the general
description under the Safety Act that ‘‘motor
vehicles’’ and ‘‘motor vehicle equipment’’ are those
that are for use on ‘‘public streets, roads, and
highways.’’ See 49 U.S.C. 30102(a)(6) and (7).
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because it seeks to federally standardize
lighting and marking requirements for
agricultural equipment that may be
operated on public roads. We
acknowledge that manufacturers may
still need to equip their pieces of
agricultural equipment with additional
lighting and marking, as required by
State laws. Equipping agricultural
equipment subject to this rulemaking
with additional lighting and marking
than that required by part 562 is
expressly allowed by section 31601 of
MAP–21, and accordingly by NHTSA’s
rule.
IX. Rulemaking Analyses
A. Executive Orders 12866 and 13563
and DOT Regulatory Policies and
Procedures
Executive Order 12866, Executive
Order 13563, and the Department of
Transportation’s regulatory policies
require this agency to make
determinations as to whether a
regulatory action is ‘‘significant’’ and
therefore subject to OMB review and the
requirements of the aforementioned
Executive Orders. Executive Order
12866 defines a ‘‘significant regulatory
action’’ as one that is likely to result in
a rule that may:
(1) Have an annual effect on the
economy of $100 million or more or
adversely affect in a material way the
economy, a sector of the economy,
productivity, competition, jobs, the
environment, public health or safety, or
State, local, or Tribal governments or
communities;
(2) Create a serious inconsistency or
otherwise interfere with an action taken
or planned by another agency;
(3) Materially alter the budgetary
impact of entitlements, grants, user fees,
or loan programs or the rights and
obligations of recipients thereof; or
(4) Raise novel legal or policy issues
arising out of legal mandates, the
President’s priorities, or the principles
set forth in the Executive Order.
We have considered the potential
impact of this rulemaking under
Executive Order 12866, Executive Order
13563, and the Department of
Transportation’s regulatory policies and
procedures. This action was not
reviewed by the Office of Management
and Budget under E.O. 12866 and E.O.
13563. The agency has considered the
impact of this action under the
Department of Transportation’s
regulatory policies and procedures (44
FR 11034; February 26, 1979) and has
determined that it is not ‘‘significant’’
under them.
This rule creates a standard based on
a Congressional mandate for agricultural
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Accordingly, NHTSA certifies that this
FR will not have a significant economic
impact on a substantial number of small
entities.
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equipment. It does not impose any
additional requirements. The agency
concludes that the impacts of the
changes are not significant and that a
preparation of a full regulatory
evaluation is not required.
B. Regulatory Flexibility Act
Pursuant to the Regulatory Flexibility
Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq., as amended by
the Small Business Regulatory
Enforcement Fairness Act (SBREFA) of
1996), whenever an agency is required
to publish a notice of proposed
rulemaking or final rule, it must prepare
and make available for public comment
a regulatory flexibility analysis that
describes the effect of the rule on small
entities (i.e., small businesses, small
organizations, and small governmental
jurisdictions) unless the agency certifies
that the rule will not have a significant
economic impact on a substantial
number of small entities. No regulatory
flexibility analysis is required if the
head of an agency certifies the proposal
or rulemaking will not have a significant
economic impact on a substantial
number of small entities. SBREFA
amended the Regulatory Flexibility Act
to require Federal agencies to provide a
statement of the factual basis for
certifying that a proposal or rulemaking
effort will not have a significant
economic impact on a substantial
number of small entities.
NHTSA has considered the effects of
this rule under the Regulatory
Flexibility Act. This rule establishes
lighting and marking standards for
agricultural equipment that may be
operated on public roads, by adopting
ASABE Standard 279.14, pursuant to
section 31601 of MAP–21. NHTSA
believes that a large number of
agricultural equipment manufacturers
are already in compliance with the
requirements due to the existing ASABE
industry standard and State regulations.
Furthermore, those that are not already
compliant with the requirements could
easily be made so for a very low cost or
at no cost. For example, the reflective
conspicuity tape necessary for
compliance can be purchased for as low
as 75 cents per foot. Slightly more
expensive components such as head and
tail lights, which are required for some
pieces of equipment, can be sourced on
the open market for less than $50.00 per
set.
Because the materials needed to
comply with ASABE Standard 279 are
inexpensive and the majority of the
market is already in compliance, the
cost of this rule is expected to be
minimal and it should not adversely
affect small agricultural equipment
manufacturers in a material way.
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16:06 Jun 21, 2016
Jkt 238001
government and the States, or on the
distribution of power and
responsibilities among the various
levels of government.’’
C. Executive Order 13132 (Federalism)
NHTSA has examined this FR
pursuant to Executive Order 13132 and
concluded that the rulemaking will not
have sufficient federalism implications
to warrant consultation with State and
local officials, nor the preparation of a
federalism summary impact statement.
The rule will not have ‘‘substantial
direct effects on the States, on the
relationship between the national
government and the States, or on the
distribution of power and
responsibilities among the various
levels of government.’’
Section 31601 of MAP–21 does not
have an express savings or preemption
provision; therefore general principles
of preemption apply to the regulation.
Principles of preemption provide that
State standards are preempted to the
extent that they conflict with Federal
regulations, and they are preempted if
the State regulations frustrate the
purpose of the Federal regulation.
NHTSA believes that most State
lighting and marking requirements for
agricultural equipment incorporate or
are based on a version of ASABE
Standard 279. This is the standard that
NHTSA is adopting in this rulemaking.
Therefore, we do not expect that the
regulation will significantly differ from
existing lighting requirements.
Under general principles of
preemption, if it would not be possible
to comply with the requirements of both
the federal requirements and a State
standard, the federal requirements
would prevail. We believe that
agricultural equipment operators and
manufacturers will be able to comply
with both State and federal standards in
instances in which they differ.
Moreover, as required by section
31601(d)(3) of MAP–21, this regulation
does not prohibit the operation on
public roads of agricultural equipment
that is equipped with materials or
equipment that are in addition to the
minimum materials and equipment
specified in this rule. ASABE Standard
279.14 provides a range of places on
agricultural equipment for mounting
lighting and marking materials and
equipment in compliance with that
standard. As a result, individuals may
mount lighting and marking materials
and equipment in addition to that
required by this rule in order to comply
with any differing State standard. For
these reasons, the rule will not have
‘‘substantial direct effects on the States,
on the relationship between the national
D. Executive Order 12988 (Civil Justice
Reform)
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When promulgating regulations,
agencies are required by Executive
Order 12988 to make every reasonable
effort to ensure that the regulation, as
appropriate: (1) Specifies in clear
language the preemptive effect; (2)
specifies in clear language the effect on
existing Federal law or regulation,
including all provisions repealed,
circumscribed, displaced, impaired, or
modified; (3) provides a clear legal
standard for affected conduct rather
than a general standard, while
promoting simplification and burden
reduction; (4) specifies in clear language
the retroactive effect; (5) specifies
whether administrative proceedings are
to be required before parties may file
suit in court; (6) explicitly or implicitly
defines key terms; and (7) addresses
other important issues affecting clarity
and general draftsmanship of
regulations.
Pursuant to this Order, NHTSA notes
as follows. The fact that this rulemaking
will not have a preemptive effect is
discussed above in connection with
Executive Order 13132. There is no
requirement that individuals submit a
petition for reconsideration or pursue
other administrative proceeding before
they may file suit in court.
E. Executive Order 13609 (Promoting
International Regulatory Cooperation)
The policy statement in section 1 of
Executive Order 13609 provides, in part:
The regulatory approaches taken by foreign
governments may differ from those taken by
U.S. regulatory agencies to address similar
issues. In some cases, the differences
between the regulatory approaches of U.S.
agencies and those of their foreign
counterparts might not be necessary and
might impair the ability of American
businesses to export and compete
internationally. In meeting shared challenges
involving health, safety, labor, security,
environmental, and other issues,
international regulatory cooperation can
identify approaches that are at least as
protective as those that are or would be
adopted in the absence of such cooperation.
International regulatory cooperation can also
reduce, eliminate, or prevent unnecessary
differences in regulatory requirements.
NHTSA reiterates that its discretion is
very limited under section 31601 of
MAP–21. NHTSA is specifically
required to adopt a standard equivalent
to ASABE Standard 279.14 or a
successor standard.
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Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 120 / Wednesday, June 22, 2016 / Rules and Regulations
J. Plain Language
F. National Technology Transfer and
Advancement Act
Under the National Technology
Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995
(NTTAA) (Pub. L. 104–113), ‘‘all Federal
agencies and departments shall use
technical standards that are developed
or adopted by voluntary consensus
standards bodies, using such technical
standards as a means to carry out policy
objectives or activities determined by
the agencies and departments.’’
Voluntary consensus standards are
technical standards (e.g., materials
specifications, test methods, sampling
procedures, and business practices) that
are developed or adopted by voluntary
consensus standards bodies, such as
SAE International (SAE).
Per section 31601 of MAP–21,
NHTSA is incorporating ASABE
Standard 279.14, in its entirety. ASABE
is a voluntary consensus standards
body, as described in Section V.
Executive Order 12866 requires each
agency to write all rules in plain
language. Application of the principles
of plain language includes consideration
of the following questions:
• Have we organized the material to
suit the public’s needs?
• Are the requirements in the rule
clearly stated?
• Does the rule contain technical
language or jargon that isn’t clear?
• Would a different format (grouping
and order of sections, use of headings,
paragraphing) make the rule easier to
understand?
• Would more (but shorter) sections
be better?
• Could we improve clarity by adding
tables, lists, or diagrams?
• What else could we do to make the
rule easier to understand?
NHTSA considered and applied these
plain language principles in the drafting
of this FR.
G. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
K. Regulation Identifier Number (RIN)
The Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
of 1995 requires agencies to prepare a
written assessment of the costs, benefits
and other effects of proposed or final
rules that include a Federal mandate
likely to result in the expenditure by
State, local or tribal governments, in the
aggregate, or by the private sector, of
more than $100 million annually
(adjusted for inflation with base year of
1995). In 2010 dollars, this threshold is
$136 million.16 This rule is not expected
to result in the expenditure by State,
local, or tribal governments, in the
aggregate, of more than $136 million
annually.
NHTSA has analyzed this rulemaking
action for the purposes of the National
Environmental Policy Act. The agency
has determined that implementation of
this action will not have any significant
adverse impact on the quality of the
human environment.
sradovich on DSK3TPTVN1PROD with RULES
I. Paperwork Reduction Act
Under the Paperwork Reduction Act
of 1995 (PRA) (44 U.S.C. 3501, et. seq.),
Federal agencies must obtain approval
from the Office of Management and
Budget (OMB) for each collection of
information they conduct, sponsor, or
require through regulations. This
rulemaking does not establish any new
information collection requirements.
16 Adjusting this amount by the implicit gross
domestic product price deflator for the year 2010
results in $136 million (110.644/81.533 = 1.36).1
16:06 Jun 21, 2016
Jkt 238001
Regulatory Text
List of Subjects in 49 CFR Part 562
Agricultural equipment, Highway
safety, Incorporation by reference.
In consideration of the foregoing,
NHTSA amends 49 CFR Chapter IV,
Subchapter B by adding part 562 as
follows:
■
H. National Environmental Policy Act
VerDate Sep<11>2014
The Department of Transportation
assigns a regulation identifier number
(RIN) to each regulatory action listed in
the Unified Agenda of Federal
Regulations. The Regulatory Information
Service Center publishes the Unified
Agenda in April and October of each
year. You may use the RIN contained in
the heading at the beginning of this
document to find this action in the
Unified Agenda.
PART 562—LIGHTING AND MARKING
OF AGRICULTURAL EQUIPMENT
Sec.
562.1 Scope and purpose.
562.3 Definitions.
562.5 Applicability.
562.7 Lighting and marking requirements
for new agricultural equipment.
562.9 Compliance not affected by addition
of certain materials and equipment.
562.11 Incorporation by reference.
Authority: Sec. 31601, Pub. L. 112–141,
126 Stat. 405; 49 U.S.C. 30111 note;
delegation of authority at 49 CFR 1.95.
§ 562.1
Scope and purpose.
This part establishes minimum
lighting and marking standards for new
agricultural equipment as required by
the Moving Ahead for Progress in the
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Fmt 4700
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40533
21st Century Act (Sec. 31601, Pub. L.
112–141).
§ 562.3
Definitions.
Agricultural equipment has the
meaning given the term ‘‘agricultural
field equipment’’ in the ANSI/ASAE
390.4 JAN2005, ‘‘Definitions and
Classifications of Agricultural Field
Equipment’’ (incorporated by reference,
see § 562.11).
Public road means any road or street
under the jurisdiction of and
maintained by a public authority and
open to public travel.
§ 562.5
Applicability.
This standard applies to new
agricultural equipment that may be
operated on a public road.
§ 562.7 Lighting and marking requirements
for new agricultural equipment.
New agricultural equipment that may
be operated on a public road must meet
the lighting and marking standards set
forth in ANSI/ASAE 279.14 JUL2008,
‘‘Lighting and Marking of Agricultural
Equipment on Highways’’ (incorporated
by reference, see § 562.11).
§ 562.9 Compliance not affected by
addition of certain materials and equipment.
(a) Successor standards. Equipping
new agricultural equipment that may be
operated on a public road with lighting
and marking materials and equipment
that comply with a revision of ANSI/
ASAE Standard 279 adopted after the
version cited in § 562.7 does not affect
compliance with the requirements of
this part.
(b) Additional materials and
equipment. Equipping new agricultural
equipment that may be operated on a
public road with lighting and marking
materials and equipment that are in
addition to the minimum requirements
specified in § 562.7 does not affect
compliance with the requirements of
this part.
§ 562.11
Incorporation by reference.
Certain material is incorporated by
reference into this part with the
approval of the Director of the Federal
Register under 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1
CFR part 51. You may inspect approved
material at the National Highway Traffic
Safety Administration, 1200 New Jersey
Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20590 or
at the National Archives and Records
Administration. For information on the
availability of this material at NARA,
call 202-741-6030, or go to: https://
www.archives.gov/federal_register/
code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_
locations.html.
(a) American Society of Agricultural
and Biological Engineers (ASABE) 2950
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Niles Road, St. Joseph, Michigan 49085–
9659, (269) 429–0300. https://
www.asabe.org/publications/
publications/standards.aspx.
(1) ANSI/ASABE 279.14 JUL2008,
‘‘Lighting and Marking of Agricultural
Equipment on Highways,’’ approved
August 2008, into § 562.7.
(2) ANSI/ASAE 390.4 JAN2005,
‘‘Definitions and Classifications of
Agricultural Field Equipment,’’
approved February 2005, into § 562.3.
(b) [Reserved].
Issued on June 14, 2016, in Washington,
DC, under authority delegated in 49 CFR 1.95
and 501.5.
Mark R. Rosekind,
Administrator.
[FR Doc. 2016–14571 Filed 6–21–16; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910–59–P
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
Fish and Wildlife Service
50 CFR Part 17
[Docket No. FWS–R4–ES–2015–0144;
4500030113]
RIN 1018–BA94
Endangered and Threatened Wildlife
and Plants; Threatened Species Status
for the Elfin-Woods Warbler With 4(d)
Rule
Fish and Wildlife Service,
Interior.
ACTION: Final rule.
AGENCY:
We, the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service (Service), determine
threatened species status under the
Endangered Species Act (Act), as
amended, for the elfin-woods warbler
(Setophaga angelae), a bird species in
Puerto Rico. This rule will add this
species to the List of Endangered and
Threatened Wildlife. We are also
adopting a rule under the authority of
section 4(d) of the Act (a ‘‘4(d) rule’’)
that is necessary and advisable to
provide for the conservation of the elfinwoods warbler.
DATES: This rule is effective July 22,
2016.
SUMMARY:
This final rule is available
on the Internet at https://
www.regulations.gov and https://
www.fws.gov/caribbean. Comments and
materials we received, as well as
supporting documentation we used in
preparing this rule, are available for
public inspection at https://
www.regulations.gov. Comments,
materials, and documentation that we
considered in this rulemaking will be
sradovich on DSK3TPTVN1PROD with RULES
ADDRESSES:
VerDate Sep<11>2014
16:06 Jun 21, 2016
Jkt 238001
available by appointment, during
normal business hours, at: U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service, Caribbean Ecological
Services Field Office (see FOR FURTHER
INFORMATION CONTACT).
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Marelisa Rivera, Deputy Field
Supervisor, U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, Caribbean Ecological Services
Field Office, P.O. Box 491, Road 301
´
Km. 5.1, Boqueron, PR 00622; telephone
787–851–7297; facsimile 787–851–7440.
Persons who use a telecommunications
device for the deaf (TDD) may call the
Federal Information Relay Service
(FIRS) at 800–877–8339.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Executive Summary
Why we need to publish a rule. Under
the Endangered Species Act, a species
may warrant protection through listing
if it is endangered or threatened
throughout all or a significant portion of
its range. Listing a species as an
endangered or threatened species can
only be completed by issuing a rule.
This rule finalizes the listing of the
elfin-woods warbler (Setophaga
angelae) as a threatened species. It
includes provisions under the authority
of section 4(d) of the Act that are
necessary and advisable for the
conservation needs of the elfin-woods
warbler.
The basis for our action. Under the
Act, we may determine that a species is
a threatened species based on any of
five factors: (A) The present or
threatened destruction, modification, or
curtailment of its habitat or range; (B)
overutilization for commercial,
recreational, scientific, or educational
purposes; (C) disease or predation; (D)
the inadequacy of existing regulatory
mechanisms; or (E) other natural or
manmade factors affecting its continued
existence. We have determined that this
species is currently at risk throughout
all of its range due to threats related to
habitat modification on private lands
under agricultural and other land use
requiring vegetation clearance (Factor
A) and to other natural or manmade
factors, such as restricted distribution
and lack of connectivity, genetic drift,
hurricanes, and the effects of climate
change (Factor E).
Under section 4(d) of the Act, the
Secretary of the Interior has discretion
to issue such regulations she deems
necessary and advisable to provide for
the conservation of the species. The
Secretary also has the discretion to
prohibit by regulation, with respect to a
threatened species, any act prohibited
by section 9(a)(1) of the Act.
Habitats within some of the
physically degraded private lands
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adjacent to elfin-woods warbler existing
populations must be improved before
they are suitable for the species;
therefore, some activities that would
normally be prohibited under 50 CFR
17.31 and 17.32 will contribute to the
conservation of the elfin-woods warbler.
For the elfin-woods warbler, the Service
has determined that species-specific
regulations authorized by section 4(d) of
the Act are necessary and advisable to
provide for the conservation of this
species.
Peer review and public comment. We
sought comments from independent
specialists to ensure that our
determination is based on scientifically
sound data, assumptions, and analyses.
We invited these peer reviewers to
comment on the listing proposal. We
considered all comments and
information we received during the
comment period.
Previous Federal Action
Please refer to the proposed listing
rule (80 FR 58674, September 30, 2015)
for a detailed description of previous
Federal actions concerning the elfinwoods warbler.
Summary of Comments and
Recommendations
In the proposed rule published on
September 30, 2015 (80 FR 58674), we
requested that all interested parties
submit written comments on the
proposal by November 30, 2015. We
also contacted appropriate Federal and
State agencies, scientific experts and
organizations, and other interested
parties and invited them to comment on
the proposal. On October 3, 2015, we
published a newspaper notice in the
Primera Hora inviting general public
comment. We did not receive any
requests for a public hearing.
Peer Reviewer Comments
In accordance with our peer review
policy published on July 1, 1994 (59 FR
34270), we solicited expert opinion
from six knowledgeable individuals
with scientific expertise that included
familiarity with the elfin-woods warbler
and its habitat, biological needs, and
threats. We received responses from
four of the peer reviewers.
We reviewed all comments we
received from the peer reviewers for
substantive issues and new information
regarding the listing of elfin-woods
warbler. The peer reviewers generally
concurred with our methods and
conclusions, and provided additional
information, clarifications, and
suggestions to improve this final rule.
Substantive peer reviewer comments are
addressed in the following summary
E:\FR\FM\22JNR1.SGM
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]]>Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 81, Number 120 (Wednesday, June 22, 2016)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 40528-40534]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2016-14571]
[[Page 40528]]
=======================================================================
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DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
49 CFR Part 562
[Docket No. NHTSA-2016-0064]
RIN 2127-AL28
Lighting and Marking on Agricultural Equipment
AGENCY: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA),
Department of Transportation (DOT).
ACTION: Final rule.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: Pursuant to the Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century
Act (MAP-21), the agency is adding a new regulation to the CFR that
sets forth requirements for lighting and marking on agricultural
equipment to improve daytime and nighttime visibility. It standardizes
lighting and marking requirements for agricultural equipment across the
United States.
DATES: Effective Date: June 22, 2016.
Compliance Date: June 22, 2017.
The incorporation by reference of certain publications listed in
the rule is approved by the Director of the Federal Register as of June
22, 2016.
ADDRESSES:
Mail: Docket Management Facility, M-30, U.S. Department of
Transportation, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE., West Building, Ground
Floor, Room W12-140, Washington, DC 20590.
Hand Delivery: U.S. Department of Transportation, 1200 New Jersey
Avenue SE., West Building, Ground Floor, Room W12-140, between 9 a.m.
and 5 p.m. Eastern Time, Monday through Friday, except Federal
holidays.
Fax: 202-493-2251.
Docket: For access to the docket to read background documents, go
to https://www.regulations.gov, or the street address listed above.
Follow the online instructions for accessing the dockets.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: For technical issues: Mr. Wayne
McKenzie, Office of Crash Avoidance Standards, NHTSA, 1200 New Jersey
Avenue SE., West Building, Washington, DC 20590 (Telephone: (202) 366-
0098) (Fax: (202) 366-7002).
For legal issues: Ms. Rebecca Yoon, Office of the Chief Counsel,
NHTSA, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE., West Building, Washington, DC 20590
(Telephone: (202) 366-2992) (Fax: (202) 366-3820).
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Table of Contents
I. Executive Summary
II. Background
III. Legislative Mandate Under the Moving Ahead for Progress in the
21st Century Act (MAP-21)
IV. Notice and Comment Are Unnecessary
V. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE)
Standards Development
VI. Summaries of and Availability of ASABE Standards 390.4;
``Definitions and Classifications of Agricultural Field Equipment''
and 279.14; ``Lighting and Marking of Agricultural Equipment on
Highways''
VII. NHTSA Is Incorporating ASABE Standards by Reference
VIII. Costs and Benefits
IX. Rulemaking Analyses
I. Executive Summary
On July 6, 2012, the President signed into law the Moving Ahead for
Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21), Public Law 112-141. Section
31601 of MAP-21 contains a non-discretionary mandate concerning daytime
and nighttime visibility of agricultural equipment that may be operated
on public roads.\1\ It requires NHTSA \2\ to establish lighting and
marking standards equivalent to an existing industry standard for
agricultural equipment that may be operated on public roads.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Section 31601 of MAP-21 was classified as a note to 49
U.S.C. 30111.
\2\ Section 31601 of MAP-21 directs the Secretary of
Transportation to promulgate this rule. This authority is delegated
to the National Highway Traffic Administrator at 49 CFR 1.95.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
This rulemaking implements that mandate by adopting the American
Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE) Standard
279.14, a voluntary industry consensus standard, for originally
manufactured agricultural equipment.
II. Background
NHTSA has not regulated the manufacture of most agricultural
equipment in the past, because it did not have specific authority to do
so. Under the National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act (49 U.S.C.
Chapter 30101 et. seq.) (Safety Act), NHTSA is authorized to regulate
motor vehicles and items of motor vehicle equipment. NHTSA has
interpreted most types of agricultural equipment to be outside the
definition of ``motor vehicle'' contained in the Safety Act, and
therefore beyond NHTSA's safety authority. As defined in the Safety
Act, a motor vehicle means ``a vehicle driven or drawn by mechanical
power and manufactured primarily for use on public streets, roads, and
highways. . . .'' (49 U.S.C. 30102). We have stated that vehicles
equipped with tracks, agricultural equipment, and other vehicles
incapable of highway travel are not motor vehicles. We have also
determined that certain vehicles designed and sold solely for off-road
use (e.g., airport runway vehicles and underground mining vehicles) are
not motor vehicles, even if they may be operationally capable of
highway travel. Also, vehicles are not motor vehicles if they were
designed to be used primarily at off-road job sites and, although
capable of being operated on public roads from one job site to another,
use roads only incidentally to the primary purpose for which they were
manufactured (e.g., mobile cranes).\3\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\3\ See e.g., letter of interpretation to Ms. Melissa A. Burt on
Jan. 12, 2005, available at https://isearch.nhtsa.gov/files/Supreme_intl.html (last accessed May 31, 2016).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Use of most agricultural equipment on the public roadways is
intermittent and merely incidental to its primary off-road use. In a
limited number of circumstances NHTSA has determined a piece of
agricultural equipment to be a motor vehicle based on the specific
factors listed above, such as its necessary and recurring use of public
roads.\4\ However, NHTSA does not consider the vast majority of pieces
of agricultural equipment to be motor vehicles within the meaning of
the Safety Act.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\4\ See e.g., id. (determining that the Truck Mount Feed
Processor was a motor vehicle based on its more-than-incidental use
of public roads and the fact that the vehicle is constructed using a
chassis cab, which was not altered in ways that would limit it to
off-road use).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Consequently, States have been the primary sources of regulations
for agricultural equipment lighting and marking. The result has been a
varied landscape of regulations. NHTSA understands that this has
created difficulties for manufacturers seeking to sell and market
agricultural equipment that will meet all State on-road use
requirements in multiple States. A national requirement for lighting
and marking on agricultural equipment may reduce costs and increase
efficiency for manufacturers selling agricultural equipment in multiple
States.
As discussed in greater detail in Section VI below, ASABE's
development of voluntary standards has begun to standardize the
requirements for agricultural equipment. Some States have adopted
versions of ASABE Standard 279 as their requirement for lighting and
marking on agricultural equipment.
MAP-21 contains a non-discretionary mandate requiring NHTSA to
establish a Federal rule for lighting and marking on agricultural
equipment that is equivalent to the ASABE lighting and marking
standard. NHTSA is issuing this rule in response to that mandate.
[[Page 40529]]
This creates a federal, nationwide standard for lighting and marking on
agricultural equipment, which may reduce the burden on manufacturers
manufacturing agricultural equipment for sale in multiple States.
III. Legislative Mandate Under MAP-21
Section 31601 of MAP-21 contains the non-discretionary requirement
that NHTSA establish minimum lighting and marking standards for
agricultural equipment that may be operated on public roads. Section
31601 requires NHTSA's standards to be equivalent to ASABE 279.14, or
any successor standard. The term ``agricultural equipment,'' as it
applies in this section of MAP-21, has the meaning given the term
``agricultural field equipment'' in ASABE Standard 390.4, entitled
``Definitions and Classifications of Agricultural Field Equipment,'' or
any successor standard. Standard 390.4 defines ``agricultural field
equipment'' as ``any agricultural tractor,\5\ self-propelled
machine,\6\ implement \7\ or any combination thereof that is primarily
designed for agricultural field operations.'' Additionally, ``public
road'' is defined as ``any road or street under the jurisdiction of and
maintained by a public authority and open to public travel.''
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\5\ ASABE defines an agricultural tractor as ``A traction
machine, intended primarily for off-road usage, designed and
advertised primarily to supply power to agricultural implements. . .
.'' ANSI/ASAE S390.4 JAN2005, 3.1.1-3.1.1.12.
\6\ ASABE defines a self-propelled machine as ``a machine
designed with an integral power unit to provide mobility, tractive
effort, and process power for performing agricultural operations.''
Examples include beet harvesters, combines, cotton pickers, forage
harvesters, cotton strippers, and forage balers. ANSI/ASAE S390.4
JAN2005, 3.1.2-3.1.2.3.2.
\7\ The ASABE definition further defines and lists agricultural
implements as items that are pulled by or mounted on a tractor and
used to perform agricultural field operations, such as planters or
seed drills. ANSI/ASAE S390.4 JAN2005, 3.1.3-3.1.3.10.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Given the clear and direct language contained in section 31601,
NHTSA does not have the discretion to choose to base its standards on
any standard other than ASABE Standard 279.14 or an equivalent
standard, or to set a standard that differs in any way from ASABE
Standard 279.14 or an equivalent standard.
NHTSA is required to promulgate the rule required by section 31601
within two years of MAP-21's enactment. At least once every five years
after promulgating the rule, NHTSA is required to review it and update
it consistent with the most recent revision of ASABE Standard 279.
Section 31601 also specifies that the promulgated rule may not
prohibit the operation on public roads of agricultural equipment that
is equipped with lighting and marking materials and equipment that
comply with revisions of ASABE Standard 279 that are later than the one
reflected in the rule. The promulgated rule also may not prohibit the
operation on public roads of agricultural equipment that is equipped
with lighting and marking materials and equipment in addition to those
required by the rule.
The promulgated rule may not require retrofitting of agricultural
equipment manufactured before the effective date of the rule.
Section 31601 also contains the requirement that NHTSA establish
such standards at least one year after the date on which the rule
establishing such standards is promulgated. Accordingly, the compliance
date for this rule is June 22, 2017.
Finally, section 31601(b)(1) requires that NHTSA consult with
representatives from ASABE, appropriate Federal agencies, and with
other appropriate persons prior to promulgating this rule. NHTSA met
with representatives from ASABE, the Association of Equipment
Manufacturers, and AGCO in April 2013 to consult with them regarding
this rulemaking. We have also reached out to other agricultural
equipment manufacturers. Additionally, NHTSA has identified the
following appropriate Federal agencies and consulted with them
regarding this rulemaking: the Federal Motor Carrier Safety
Administration, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, and
the United States Department of Agriculture.
IV. Notice and Comment Are Unnecessary
Generally, agencies may promulgate final rules only after issuing a
notice of proposed rulemaking and providing an opportunity for public
comment under procedures required by the Administrative Procedure Act
(APA), as provided in 5 U.S.C. 553(b) and (c). However, 5 U.S.C.
553(b)(3)(B) provides an exception to these requirements when notice
and public comment procedures are ``impracticable, unnecessary, or
contrary to the public interest.''
NHTSA finds that notice and comment is unnecessary prior to
adoption of this final rule because Congress statutorily mandated that
NHTSA adopt specific existing lighting and agricultural marking
standards. By incorporating these standards into federal regulation,
NHTSA is performing a non-discretionary act.
MAP-21 expressly requires NHTSA to establish lighting and marking
standards for agricultural equipment that are equivalent to ASABE
Standard 279.14, or any successor standard. NHTSA is not aware of any
other lighting and marking standard for agricultural equipment that is
equivalent to ASABE Standard 279.14 or any successor standard. Because
NHTSA's statutory authority is limited to either incorporating ASABE
Standard 279.14, or an equivalent standard, NHTSA is unable to amend
the rule to address any comments it may receive during a comment
period. For this reason, a notice and comment period is unnecessary for
this rulemaking.
Therefore, NHTSA may adopt this rule without issuing a notice of
proposed rulemaking and receiving public comment, in accordance with
the APA. For these same reasons, the rule will be effective on June 22,
2016.
V. ASABE Standards Development
Since its inception in 1907, ASABE \8\ has been an educational and
scientific organization in the areas of agricultural, food and
biological systems. Over the years, membership has grown to over 8,000
members in over 100 countries. Its involvement in the industry has
evolved to include the creation and development of its own voluntary
standards that have become widely accepted. Many States use ASABE
standards as the basis for their own regulations. ASABE has developed a
comprehensive standards development process that gives its Standards
Committee members as well as the general membership population ample
involvement and input in the journey from proposal to final adopted
standard.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\8\ ASABE was founded as the American Society of Agricultural
Engineers. The society changed its name to the American Society of
Agricultural and Biological Engineers in 2005 to reflect its
representation of biological engineers. ASABE: Engineering a
Sustainable Tomorrow, available at https://www.asabe.org/media/67573/timeline_reverse.pdf (last accessed May 31, 2016).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ASABE's standard creation is a 12 step process from start to finish
that is supervised by ASABE's Standards Development and Oversight
Committees.\9\ After making it through the proposal phase, a draft
standard is created that is voted on by all members of the Standards
Development Committee. In order for it to be approved, at least 50% of
the total Standards Development Committee must vote and it must receive
75% of those votes in favor. Upon receiving
[[Page 40530]]
approval from the Standards Development Committee, it is sent to the
Oversight Committee, which reviews both the standard and the voting
results of the Standards Committee. After receiving approval from the
Oversight Committee the standard is approved and published.\10\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\9\ ASABE Staff. (n.d.). Standards. In Standards Development
Tools--Standardization Procedures, available at https://www.asabe.org/standards.aspx (last accessed May 31, 2016).
\10\ ASABE Staff. (n.d.). Standards. In Standards Development
Tools-Flow chart of the ASABE Standards Process, available
at https://www.asabe.org/standards.aspx (last accessed May 16, 2016).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
VI. Summaries of and Availability of ASABE Standards 390.4;
``Definitions and Classifications of Agricultural Field Equipment'' and
279.14; ``Lighting and Marking of Agricultural Equipment on Highways''
ASABE initially developed Standard 279, ``Lighting and Marking of
Agricultural Equipment on Highways,'' in 1954. Since then, the standard
has been modified and revised numerous times. ASABE continues to update
it. It contains voluntary standards specified for lighting and marking
for all types of agricultural field equipment (as defined in ASABE
Standard 390) that may be operated on public highways and roads. ASABE
defines ``agricultural field equipment'' as ``any agricultural tractor,
self-propelled machine, implement or any combination thereof that is
primarily designed for agricultural field operations.'' Section 31601
of MAP-21 defines ``agricultural equipment,'' for purposes of this
rulemaking, to be the same as ASABE's definition for ``agricultural
field equipment.''
ASABE Standard 279.14 and the definition of ``agricultural field
equipment'' at 390.4 are the versions of the standards that are
expressly identified in MAP-21. MAP-21 states that NHTSA may establish
a rule that is equivalent to these or any successor standards. MAP-21
additionally states that NHTSA may not prohibit the operation on public
roads of agricultural equipment that is equipped with lighting and
marking in accordance with later versions of the ASABE standard than
the one incorporated at promulgation.
ASABE has updated both Standard 279, which is currently on version
279.18, and the definition section, which is currently on version
390.5, since MAP-21 became effective. Based on our review, NHTSA does
not believe that ASABE's updates to these standards are significant for
purposes of this rulemaking.
ASABE Standard 390.4 defines agricultural field equipment as
``Agricultural tractors, self-propelled machines, implements, and
combinations thereof designed primarily for agricultural field
operations.''
At the present time, many States use various versions of the
standard. States do not always incorporate the latest version of
Standard 279 or update their standards to reflect the latest version.
This has created a landscape with a variety of slightly differing
standards by State. Adopting ASABE Standard 279.14, as mandated by
Congress, may help standardize lighting and marking requirements for
agricultural field equipment by establishing one federal requirement.
The lighting and marking \11\ parameters of ASABE Standard 279.14
are as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\11\ Photometry testing, details, and limits are not reproduced
here. To review these requirements, please see ASABE Standard
279.14, available in the DOT reading room.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Category Requirements
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tractors and Self-Propelled Two head lamps, two red tail lamps and at
Equipment. least two flashing amber warning lights
must be mounted at the same height and
spaced laterally as wide as possible.
At least two flashing amber warning
lights visible from both front and rear
must be used when the machine is at
least 3.7 m wide.
Turn signals must be provided.
For machines designed to exceed 40 km/h,
at least two red rear facing stop lamps
must be mounted that illuminate when
operator has activated the brake
control. If the machine is less than
1200 mm wide, only one stop lamp may be
used.
Machines that travel at less than 40 km/h
may be equipped with red rear facing
stop lamps. If equipped, then two red
tail lamps must be mounted at the same
height and spaced laterally as wide as
possible.
Two red retro reflective devices must be
visible from the rear.
Machines wider than 3.7 m shall have
conspicuity material visible from both
the front and rear.
There are requirements for rotating
beacons, if the agricultural equipment
is equipped with them.
One slow moving vehicle (SMV)
identification emblem must be installed
on the machine.
There are CAN bus terminal receptacle
requirements, if the agricultural
equipment is equipped with them.
Non Self-Propelled Equipment. Equipment that obscures the SMV emblem of
the propelling machine shall be equipped
with an additional visible SMV emblem.
Equipment that extends more than 1.2 m to
the left or right of the propelling
machine shall have at least one strip of
yellow retro reflective material visible
from the front and at least one strip of
red retro reflective material visible
from the rear applied to indicate the
extreme projections of the equipment.
Equipment more than 3.7 m wide must have
at least two strips of yellow retro
reflective material visible to the front
and at least two strips of red retro
reflective material visible to the rear
of the machine.
Equipment extending more than 5 m to the
rear of the propelling vehicle shall be
equipped with at least one SMV emblem
and shall have yellow retro reflective
material visible from the left and right
sides.
Equipment that obscures the tail lamps,
flashing warning lamp, or stop lamp of
the propelling machine, shall be fitted
as appropriate with lighting to take the
place of the lamp(s) obscured.
Equipment that obscures the front or rear
flashing lamps of the propelling machine
shall have at least two amber flashing
lamps symmetrically mounted to the
machine, visible from the front or rear
of the machine.
Turn indicators shall be provided if
necessary due to obstruction of turn
indicators on the tow vehicle.
Stop lamps shall be provided for machines
designed to travel at speeds above 40 km/
h if necessary due to obstruction of
turn indicators on the tow vehicle.
All required lamps on non-self-propelled
equipment shall be connected to a seven
terminal plug conforming to SAE J560.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
[[Page 40531]]
Both of these ASABE standards are reasonably available to the
public. You may obtain a copy from ASABE through their Web site at
https://www.asabe.org/publications/publications/standards.aspx and by
mail at ASABE, 2950 Niles Road, St. Joseph, Michigan 49085-9659.
Additionally, you may inspect a copy at the National Highway Traffic
Safety Administration, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20590
or at the National Archives and Records Administration.
VII. NHTSA Is Incorporating ASABE Standards by Reference
To meet the statutory requirement to set standards, NHTSA is
establishing a new standard at 49 CFR part 562. Section 31601 of MAP-21
requires that the lighting and marking standards established under that
section be equivalent to ASABE Standard 279.14, or any successor
standard. In response, NHTSA is incorporating ASABE Standard 279.14 in
part 562 in its entirety.
NHTSA believes that it can provide a limited amount of compliance
flexibility by incorporating version 279.14 into our standard, rather
than the most current version of 279, because MAP-21 does not allow
NHTSA to prevent operation on public roads of equipment meeting later
versions of the standard. In other words, by incorporating version
279.14, we are allowing compliance with the version identified by
Congress or any later version. We believe this approach is consistent
with Congress's intent, because it incorporates the version identified
by Congress, while also providing some limited compliance flexibility.
Section 31601 of MAP-21 gives the term ``agricultural equipment''
the same meaning as the term ``agricultural field equipment'' in ASABE
Standard 390.4, or any successor standard. Accordingly, NHTSA is
incorporating the ASABE Standard 390.4 definition of ``agricultural
field equipment'' by reference. The ASABE definition for ``agricultural
field equipment,'' which is the statutory definition for ``agricultural
equipment'' under section 31601, includes tractors,\12\ self-propelled
machines \13\ and implements.\14\ Part 562 will apply to new
agricultural equipment that may be operated on a public road,
specifically defined as ``any road or street under the jurisdiction of
and maintained by a public authority and open to public travel.'' \15\
Personal equipment used primarily by homeowners, such as lawn tractors,
and lawnmowers, is beyond the scope of this rulemaking.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\12\ ASABE defines an agricultural tractor as ``a traction
machine, intended primarily for off-road usage, designed and
advertised primarily to supply power to agricultural implements . .
. .'' ANSI/ASAE S390.5 JAN2011, 3.1.1-3.1.1.12.
\13\ ASABE defines a self-propelled machine as ``a machine
designed with an integral power unit to provide mobility, tractive
effort, and process power for performing agricultural operations.''
Examples include beet harvesters, combines, cotton pickers, forage
harvesters, cotton strippers, and forage balers. ANSI/ASAE S390.5
JAN2011, 3.1.2-3.1.2.3.2.
\14\ The ASABE definition further defines and lists agricultural
implements as items that are pulled by or mounted on a tractor and
used to perform agricultural field operations, such as seed drills
and planters. ANSI/ASAE S390.5 JAN2011, 3.1.3-3.1.3.10.
\15\ This is more precise than the general description under the
Safety Act that ``motor vehicles'' and ``motor vehicle equipment''
are those that are for use on ``public streets, roads, and
highways.'' See 49 U.S.C. 30102(a)(6) and (7).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Section 31601 of MAP-21 also requires that NHTSA establish these
lighting and marking standards for applicable agricultural equipment
manufactured at least one year after the date on which the rule
establishing such standards is promulgated. Accordingly, the date on
which agricultural equipment subject to this rule must be compliant is
June 22, 2017.
VIII. Costs and Benefits
The majority of agricultural equipment that will be subject to the
rule is produced by large, full-line equipment manufacturers, such as
John Deere, Agco and Kubota. NHTSA believes that many of these large
agricultural equipment manufacturers already build their products to
comply with the latest version of ASABE Standard 279. As a result,
NHTSA believes that the majority of pieces of agricultural equipment
manufactured in the United States are already in compliance with ASABE
Standard 279.14 or a successor standard.
Those that are not already compliant with ASABE Standard 279 could
easily be made so for a very low cost or at no cost. For example, the
reflective conspicuity tape necessary for compliance can be purchased
for as low as 75 cents per foot. More expensive components, such as
head and tail lights, which are required for some pieces of equipment,
can be sourced on the open market for less than $50.00 per set.
NHTSA believes that manufacturers may benefit from this rulemaking
because it seeks to federally standardize lighting and marking
requirements for agricultural equipment that may be operated on public
roads. We acknowledge that manufacturers may still need to equip their
pieces of agricultural equipment with additional lighting and marking,
as required by State laws. Equipping agricultural equipment subject to
this rulemaking with additional lighting and marking than that required
by part 562 is expressly allowed by section 31601 of MAP-21, and
accordingly by NHTSA's rule.
IX. Rulemaking Analyses
A. Executive Orders 12866 and 13563 and DOT Regulatory Policies and
Procedures
Executive Order 12866, Executive Order 13563, and the Department of
Transportation's regulatory policies require this agency to make
determinations as to whether a regulatory action is ``significant'' and
therefore subject to OMB review and the requirements of the
aforementioned Executive Orders. Executive Order 12866 defines a
``significant regulatory action'' as one that is likely to result in a
rule that may:
(1) Have an annual effect on the economy of $100 million or more or
adversely affect in a material way the economy, a sector of the
economy, productivity, competition, jobs, the environment, public
health or safety, or State, local, or Tribal governments or
communities;
(2) Create a serious inconsistency or otherwise interfere with an
action taken or planned by another agency;
(3) Materially alter the budgetary impact of entitlements, grants,
user fees, or loan programs or the rights and obligations of recipients
thereof; or
(4) Raise novel legal or policy issues arising out of legal
mandates, the President's priorities, or the principles set forth in
the Executive Order.
We have considered the potential impact of this rulemaking under
Executive Order 12866, Executive Order 13563, and the Department of
Transportation's regulatory policies and procedures. This action was
not reviewed by the Office of Management and Budget under E.O. 12866
and E.O. 13563. The agency has considered the impact of this action
under the Department of Transportation's regulatory policies and
procedures (44 FR 11034; February 26, 1979) and has determined that it
is not ``significant'' under them.
This rule creates a standard based on a Congressional mandate for
agricultural
[[Page 40532]]
equipment. It does not impose any additional requirements. The agency
concludes that the impacts of the changes are not significant and that
a preparation of a full regulatory evaluation is not required.
B. Regulatory Flexibility Act
Pursuant to the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.,
as amended by the Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act
(SBREFA) of 1996), whenever an agency is required to publish a notice
of proposed rulemaking or final rule, it must prepare and make
available for public comment a regulatory flexibility analysis that
describes the effect of the rule on small entities (i.e., small
businesses, small organizations, and small governmental jurisdictions)
unless the agency certifies that the rule will not have a significant
economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. No
regulatory flexibility analysis is required if the head of an agency
certifies the proposal or rulemaking will not have a significant
economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. SBREFA
amended the Regulatory Flexibility Act to require Federal agencies to
provide a statement of the factual basis for certifying that a proposal
or rulemaking effort will not have a significant economic impact on a
substantial number of small entities.
NHTSA has considered the effects of this rule under the Regulatory
Flexibility Act. This rule establishes lighting and marking standards
for agricultural equipment that may be operated on public roads, by
adopting ASABE Standard 279.14, pursuant to section 31601 of MAP-21.
NHTSA believes that a large number of agricultural equipment
manufacturers are already in compliance with the requirements due to
the existing ASABE industry standard and State regulations.
Furthermore, those that are not already compliant with the requirements
could easily be made so for a very low cost or at no cost. For example,
the reflective conspicuity tape necessary for compliance can be
purchased for as low as 75 cents per foot. Slightly more expensive
components such as head and tail lights, which are required for some
pieces of equipment, can be sourced on the open market for less than
$50.00 per set.
Because the materials needed to comply with ASABE Standard 279 are
inexpensive and the majority of the market is already in compliance,
the cost of this rule is expected to be minimal and it should not
adversely affect small agricultural equipment manufacturers in a
material way. Accordingly, NHTSA certifies that this FR will not have a
significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities.
C. Executive Order 13132 (Federalism)
NHTSA has examined this FR pursuant to Executive Order 13132 and
concluded that the rulemaking will not have sufficient federalism
implications to warrant consultation with State and local officials,
nor the preparation of a federalism summary impact statement. The rule
will not have ``substantial direct effects on the States, on the
relationship between the national government and the States, or on the
distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels of
government.''
Section 31601 of MAP-21 does not have an express savings or
preemption provision; therefore general principles of preemption apply
to the regulation. Principles of preemption provide that State
standards are preempted to the extent that they conflict with Federal
regulations, and they are preempted if the State regulations frustrate
the purpose of the Federal regulation.
NHTSA believes that most State lighting and marking requirements
for agricultural equipment incorporate or are based on a version of
ASABE Standard 279. This is the standard that NHTSA is adopting in this
rulemaking. Therefore, we do not expect that the regulation will
significantly differ from existing lighting requirements.
Under general principles of preemption, if it would not be possible
to comply with the requirements of both the federal requirements and a
State standard, the federal requirements would prevail. We believe that
agricultural equipment operators and manufacturers will be able to
comply with both State and federal standards in instances in which they
differ. Moreover, as required by section 31601(d)(3) of MAP-21, this
regulation does not prohibit the operation on public roads of
agricultural equipment that is equipped with materials or equipment
that are in addition to the minimum materials and equipment specified
in this rule. ASABE Standard 279.14 provides a range of places on
agricultural equipment for mounting lighting and marking materials and
equipment in compliance with that standard. As a result, individuals
may mount lighting and marking materials and equipment in addition to
that required by this rule in order to comply with any differing State
standard. For these reasons, the rule will not have ``substantial
direct effects on the States, on the relationship between the national
government and the States, or on the distribution of power and
responsibilities among the various levels of government.''
D. Executive Order 12988 (Civil Justice Reform)
When promulgating regulations, agencies are required by Executive
Order 12988 to make every reasonable effort to ensure that the
regulation, as appropriate: (1) Specifies in clear language the
preemptive effect; (2) specifies in clear language the effect on
existing Federal law or regulation, including all provisions repealed,
circumscribed, displaced, impaired, or modified; (3) provides a clear
legal standard for affected conduct rather than a general standard,
while promoting simplification and burden reduction; (4) specifies in
clear language the retroactive effect; (5) specifies whether
administrative proceedings are to be required before parties may file
suit in court; (6) explicitly or implicitly defines key terms; and (7)
addresses other important issues affecting clarity and general
draftsmanship of regulations.
Pursuant to this Order, NHTSA notes as follows. The fact that this
rulemaking will not have a preemptive effect is discussed above in
connection with Executive Order 13132. There is no requirement that
individuals submit a petition for reconsideration or pursue other
administrative proceeding before they may file suit in court.
E. Executive Order 13609 (Promoting International Regulatory
Cooperation)
The policy statement in section 1 of Executive Order 13609
provides, in part:
The regulatory approaches taken by foreign governments may
differ from those taken by U.S. regulatory agencies to address
similar issues. In some cases, the differences between the
regulatory approaches of U.S. agencies and those of their foreign
counterparts might not be necessary and might impair the ability of
American businesses to export and compete internationally. In
meeting shared challenges involving health, safety, labor, security,
environmental, and other issues, international regulatory
cooperation can identify approaches that are at least as protective
as those that are or would be adopted in the absence of such
cooperation. International regulatory cooperation can also reduce,
eliminate, or prevent unnecessary differences in regulatory
requirements.
NHTSA reiterates that its discretion is very limited under section
31601 of MAP-21. NHTSA is specifically required to adopt a standard
equivalent to ASABE Standard 279.14 or a successor standard.
[[Page 40533]]
F. National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act
Under the National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995
(NTTAA) (Pub. L. 104-113), ``all Federal agencies and departments shall
use technical standards that are developed or adopted by voluntary
consensus standards bodies, using such technical standards as a means
to carry out policy objectives or activities determined by the agencies
and departments.'' Voluntary consensus standards are technical
standards (e.g., materials specifications, test methods, sampling
procedures, and business practices) that are developed or adopted by
voluntary consensus standards bodies, such as SAE International (SAE).
Per section 31601 of MAP-21, NHTSA is incorporating ASABE Standard
279.14, in its entirety. ASABE is a voluntary consensus standards body,
as described in Section V.
G. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
The Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 requires agencies to
prepare a written assessment of the costs, benefits and other effects
of proposed or final rules that include a Federal mandate likely to
result in the expenditure by State, local or tribal governments, in the
aggregate, or by the private sector, of more than $100 million annually
(adjusted for inflation with base year of 1995). In 2010 dollars, this
threshold is $136 million.\16\ This rule is not expected to result in
the expenditure by State, local, or tribal governments, in the
aggregate, of more than $136 million annually.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\16\ Adjusting this amount by the implicit gross domestic
product price deflator for the year 2010 results in $136 million
(110.644/81.533 = 1.36).1
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
H. National Environmental Policy Act
NHTSA has analyzed this rulemaking action for the purposes of the
National Environmental Policy Act. The agency has determined that
implementation of this action will not have any significant adverse
impact on the quality of the human environment.
I. Paperwork Reduction Act
Under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (PRA) (44 U.S.C. 3501,
et. seq.), Federal agencies must obtain approval from the Office of
Management and Budget (OMB) for each collection of information they
conduct, sponsor, or require through regulations. This rulemaking does
not establish any new information collection requirements.
J. Plain Language
Executive Order 12866 requires each agency to write all rules in
plain language. Application of the principles of plain language
includes consideration of the following questions:
Have we organized the material to suit the public's needs?
Are the requirements in the rule clearly stated?
Does the rule contain technical language or jargon that
isn't clear?
Would a different format (grouping and order of sections,
use of headings, paragraphing) make the rule easier to understand?
Would more (but shorter) sections be better?
Could we improve clarity by adding tables, lists, or
diagrams?
What else could we do to make the rule easier to
understand?
NHTSA considered and applied these plain language principles in the
drafting of this FR.
K. Regulation Identifier Number (RIN)
The Department of Transportation assigns a regulation identifier
number (RIN) to each regulatory action listed in the Unified Agenda of
Federal Regulations. The Regulatory Information Service Center
publishes the Unified Agenda in April and October of each year. You may
use the RIN contained in the heading at the beginning of this document
to find this action in the Unified Agenda.
Regulatory Text
List of Subjects in 49 CFR Part 562
Agricultural equipment, Highway safety, Incorporation by reference.
0
In consideration of the foregoing, NHTSA amends 49 CFR Chapter IV,
Subchapter B by adding part 562 as follows:
PART 562--LIGHTING AND MARKING OF AGRICULTURAL EQUIPMENT
Sec.
562.1 Scope and purpose.
562.3 Definitions.
562.5 Applicability.
562.7 Lighting and marking requirements for new agricultural
equipment.
562.9 Compliance not affected by addition of certain materials and
equipment.
562.11 Incorporation by reference.
Authority: Sec. 31601, Pub. L. 112-141, 126 Stat. 405; 49 U.S.C.
30111 note; delegation of authority at 49 CFR 1.95.
Sec. 562.1 Scope and purpose.
This part establishes minimum lighting and marking standards for
new agricultural equipment as required by the Moving Ahead for Progress
in the 21st Century Act (Sec. 31601, Pub. L. 112-141).
Sec. 562.3 Definitions.
Agricultural equipment has the meaning given the term
``agricultural field equipment'' in the ANSI/ASAE 390.4 JAN2005,
``Definitions and Classifications of Agricultural Field Equipment''
(incorporated by reference, see Sec. 562.11).
Public road means any road or street under the jurisdiction of and
maintained by a public authority and open to public travel.
Sec. 562.5 Applicability.
This standard applies to new agricultural equipment that may be
operated on a public road.
Sec. 562.7 Lighting and marking requirements for new agricultural
equipment.
New agricultural equipment that may be operated on a public road
must meet the lighting and marking standards set forth in ANSI/ASAE
279.14 JUL2008, ``Lighting and Marking of Agricultural Equipment on
Highways'' (incorporated by reference, see Sec. 562.11).
Sec. 562.9 Compliance not affected by addition of certain materials
and equipment.
(a) Successor standards. Equipping new agricultural equipment that
may be operated on a public road with lighting and marking materials
and equipment that comply with a revision of ANSI/ASAE Standard 279
adopted after the version cited in Sec. 562.7 does not affect
compliance with the requirements of this part.
(b) Additional materials and equipment. Equipping new agricultural
equipment that may be operated on a public road with lighting and
marking materials and equipment that are in addition to the minimum
requirements specified in Sec. 562.7 does not affect compliance with
the requirements of this part.
Sec. 562.11 Incorporation by reference.
Certain material is incorporated by reference into this part with
the approval of the Director of the Federal Register under 5 U.S.C.
552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. You may inspect approved material at the
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 1200 New Jersey Avenue
SE., Washington, DC 20590 or at the National Archives and Records
Administration. For information on the availability of this material at
NARA, call 202[hyphen]741[hyphen]6030, or go to: https://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html.
(a) American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers
(ASABE) 2950
[[Page 40534]]
Niles Road, St. Joseph, Michigan 49085-9659, (269) 429-0300. https://www.asabe.org/publications/publications/standards.aspx.
(1) ANSI/ASABE 279.14 JUL2008, ``Lighting and Marking of
Agricultural Equipment on Highways,'' approved August 2008, into Sec.
562.7.
(2) ANSI/ASAE 390.4 JAN2005, ``Definitions and Classifications of
Agricultural Field Equipment,'' approved February 2005, into Sec.
562.3.
(b) [Reserved].
Issued on June 14, 2016, in Washington, DC, under authority
delegated in 49 CFR 1.95 and 501.5.
Mark R. Rosekind,
Administrator.
[FR Doc. 2016-14571 Filed 6-21-16; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910-59-P
