Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of Filing of Proposed Rule Change Regarding Monthly Distributions, Excess Returns, and Share Index Factors of Certain AccuShares® Trust I Funds, 14489-14495 [2016-05977]
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Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 52 / Thursday, March 17, 2016 / Notices
invites public comment, and takes other
administrative steps.
DATES: Comments are due: March 21,
2016.
Submit comments
electronically via the Commission’s
Filing Online system at https://
www.prc.gov. Those who cannot submit
comments electronically should contact
the person identified in the FOR FURTHER
INFORMATION CONTACT section by
telephone for advice on filing
alternatives.
ADDRESSES:
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
David A. Trissell, General Counsel, at
202–789–6820.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Table of Contents
I. Introduction
II. Notice of Commission Action
III. Ordering Paragraphs
I. Introduction
In accordance with 39 U.S.C. 3642
and 39 CFR 3020.30 through 3020.35,
the Postal Service filed a formal request
and associated supporting information
to add Priority Mail Contract 196 to the
competitive product list.1
The Postal Service
contemporaneously filed a redacted
contract related to the proposed new
product under 39 U.S.C. 3632(b)(3) and
39 CFR 3015.5. Request, Attachment B.
To support its Request, the Postal
Service filed a copy of the contract, a
copy of the Governors’ Decision
authorizing the product, proposed
changes to the Mail Classification
Schedule, a Statement of Supporting
Justification, a certification of
compliance with 39 U.S.C. 3633(a), and
an application for non-public treatment
of certain materials. It also filed
supporting financial workpapers.
asabaliauskas on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with NOTICES
II. Notice of Commission Action
The Commission establishes Docket
Nos. MC2016–95 and CP2016–120 to
consider the Request pertaining to the
proposed Priority Mail Contract 196
product and the related contract,
respectively.
The Commission invites comments on
whether the Postal Service’s filings in
the captioned dockets are consistent
with the policies of 39 U.S.C. 3632,
3633, or 3642, 39 CFR part 3015, and 39
CFR part 3020, subpart B. Comments are
due no later than March 21, 2016. The
public portions of these filings can be
1 Request of the United States Postal Service to
Add Priority Mail Contract 196 to Competitive
Product List and Notice of Filing (Under Seal) of
Unredacted Governors’ Decision, Contract, and
Supporting Data, March 11, 2016 (Request).
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accessed via the Commission’s Web site
(https://www.prc.gov).
The Commission appoints Kenneth R.
Moeller to serve as Public
Representative in these dockets.
III. Ordering Paragraphs
It is ordered:
1. The Commission establishes Docket
Nos. MC2016–95 and CP2016–120 to
consider the matters raised in each
docket.
2. Pursuant to 39 U.S.C. 505, Kenneth
R. Moeller is appointed to serve as an
officer of the Commission to represent
the interests of the general public in
these proceedings (Public
Representative).
3. Comments are due no later than
March 21, 2016.
4. The Secretary shall arrange for
publication of this order in the Federal
Register.
By the Commission.
Stacy L. Ruble,
Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2016–06037 Filed 3–16–16; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 7710–FW–P
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
[Release No. 34–77353; File No. SR–
NASDAQ–2016–034]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; The
NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of
Filing of Proposed Rule Change
Regarding Monthly Distributions,
Excess Returns, and Share Index
Factors of Certain AccuShares® Trust
I Funds
March 11, 2016.
Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
(‘‘Act’’),1 and Rule 19b–4 thereunder,2
notice is hereby given that on March 2,
2016, The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC
(‘‘NASDAQ’’ or the ‘‘Exchange’’) filed
with the Securities and Exchange
Commission (‘‘Commission’’) the
proposed rule change as described in in
Items I and II below, which Items have
been prepared by the Exchange. The
Commission is publishing this notice to
solicit comments on the proposed rule
change from interested persons.
I. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Terms of Substance of
the Proposed Rule Change
NASDAQ proposes to indicate the
following:
(1) That regular distributions
(‘‘Regular Distributions’’) of the
1 15
2 17
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U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
CFR 240.19b–4.
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14489
following Paired Class Shares issued by
AccuShares® Trust I (formerly known as
AccuShares Commodities Trust I) (the
‘‘AccuShares Trust’’ or ‘‘Trust’’) 3 will
be made on a monthly basis on behalf
of each of the following segregated
series AccuShares S&P® GSCI®
Industrial Metals Spot Fund,
AccuShares S&P GSCI Crude Oil Spot
Fund, and AccuShares S&P GSCI Brent
Oil Spot Fund (each a ‘‘Distribution
Fund’’, and collectively the
‘‘Distribution Funds’’); 4
(2) That the following Paired Class
Shares issued by the Trust will have
their indexes changed from the spot
variant to the excess return variant of
such indexes and the funds will be
renamed to accurately reflect the
changes to the indexes—the AccuShares
S&P GSCI Crude Oil Spot Fund will
have its index changed from the S&P
GSCI Crude Oil Spot Index to the S&P
GSCI Crude Oil Excess Return Index
and the fund will be renamed
AccuShares S&P GSCI Crude Oil Excess
Return Fund, and the AccuShares S&P
GSCI Natural Gas Spot Fund will have
its index changed from S&P GSCI
Natural Gas Spot Index to S&P GSCI
Natural Gas Excess Return Index and
the fund will be renamed AccuShares
S&P GSCI Natural Gas Excess Return
Fund; and
(3) That the Share Index Factors 5 for
the AccuShares Spot CBOE VIX Fund
would be reset on a weekly basis on
each Tuesday (after certain distribution
dates), and the regular distributions for
the AccuShares Spot CBOE VIX Fund
would be made monthly on the third
Tuesday rather than monthly on the
3 AccuShares® is a registered trademark of
AccuShares Holdings LLC. S&P®, S&P GSCI®, S&P
500® and Standard & Poor’s® are registered
trademarks of Standard & Poor’s® Financial
Services LLC. CBOE®, Chicago Board Options
Exchange®, CBOE Volatility Index® and VIX® are
registered trademarks of Chicago Board Options
Exchange®, Incorporated (‘‘CBOE’’). Dow Jones® is
a registered trademark of Dow Jones® Trademark
Holdings LLC.
4 The Paired Class Shares funds discussed in this
proposal—the three Distribution Funds and the
AccuShares S&P GSCI Natural Gas Spot Fund—and
in addition the AccuShares S&P GSCI Spot Fund,
the AccuShares S&P GSCI Agriculture and
Livestock Spot Fund, and the AccuShares Spot
CBOE® VIX® Fund, are approved for listing. See
Securities Exchange Act Release No. 74299
(February 18, 2015), 80 FR 9778 (February 24, 2015)
(SR–NASDAQ–2014–065) (order approving new
Rule 5713 and listing seven AccuShares funds) (the
‘‘AccuShares Order’’). The first, and only,
AccuShares fund that is currently listed and trading
on the Exchange is the AccuShares Spot CBOE®
VIX® Fund. See also Securities Exchange Act
Release No. 72412 (June 17, 2014), 79 FR 35610
(June 23, 2014) (SR–NASDAQ–2014–065) (notice of
filing regarding new Rule 5713 and listing seven
AccuShares funds) (the ‘‘AccuShares Proposal’’).
The funds approved for listing in the AccuShares
Order are together called the ‘‘Funds’’.
5 Share Index Factors are discussed below.
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Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 52 / Thursday, March 17, 2016 / Notices
15th so that each monthly distribution
date (and the end of each monthly
measuring period) coincides with a
Share Index Factor reset.
The text of the proposed rule change is
available at https://
nasdaq.cchwallstreet.com/, at
NASDAQ’s principal office, and at the
Commission’s Public Reference Room.
II. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
Change
In its filing with the Commission, the
self-regulatory organization included
statements concerning the purpose of,
and basis for, the proposed rule change
and discussed any comments it received
on the proposed rule change. The text
of those statements may be examined at
the places specified in Item IV below.
The Exchange has prepared summaries,
set forth in sections A, B, and C below,
of the most significant parts of such
statements.
asabaliauskas on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with NOTICES
A. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
Change
1. Purpose
The purpose of this proposed rule
change is to indicate the following:
(1) That Regular Distributions will be
made on a monthly basis on behalf of
each of the Distribution Funds;
(2) That the following Paired Class
Shares issued by the Trust will have
their indexes changed from the spot
variant to the excess return variant of
such indexes and the funds will be
renamed to accurately reflect the
changes to the indexes—the AccuShares
S&P GSCI Crude Oil Spot Fund (‘‘Crude
Oil Fund’’) will have its index changed
from the S&P GSCI Crude Oil Spot
Index to the S&P GSCI Crude Oil Excess
Return Index and the fund will be
renamed AccuShares S&P GSCI Crude
Oil Excess Return Fund (‘‘Excess Crude
Oil Fund’’), and the AccuShares S&P
GSCI Natural Gas Spot Fund (‘‘Natural
Gas Fund’’) will have its index changed
from S&P GSCI Natural Gas Spot Index
to S&P GSCI Natural Gas Excess Return
Index and the fund will be renamed
AccuShares S&P GSCI Natural Gas
Excess Return Fund (‘‘Excess Natural
Gas Fund’’); 6 and
6 Excess returns, which are discussed below, are
generally investment returns from a security or
portfolio that exceed a benchmark or index with a
similar level of risk. For the Excess Return Crude
Oil Fund and the Excess Return Natural Gas Fund,
the excess return index is calculated from holding
a nearest-to-expiration futures contract, and
exchanging such nearest-to-expiration contract for
the contract expiring in the next following month
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(3) That the Share Index Factors for
the AccuShares Spot CBOE VIX Fund
(‘‘VIX Fund’’) 7 would be reset on a
weekly basis on each Tuesday (after
certain distribution dates), and the
regular distributions for the VIX Fund
would be made monthly on the third
Tuesday rather than monthly on the
15th so that each monthly distribution
date (and the end of each monthly
measuring period) coincides with a
Share Index Factor reset.8
Paired Class Shares—A Short
Background 9
The structure of Paired Class Shares is
designed to be a passive unmanaged
investment vehicle with the objective to
provide investors with exposure to
changes in an Underlying Benchmark as
defined below. Paired Class Shares are
expected to provide retail as well as
institutional investors with a simple,
liquid and cost effective means of
in accordance with the monthly S&P GSCI roll
schedule. The S&P GSCI roll schedule holds the
nearest-to-expiration futures contract until the fifth
trading day of each month, and over the fifth to
ninth trading day of each month sells the nearestto-expiration contract and purchases the contract
expiring in the next following month (i.e. rolls the
futures contracts) in five equal installments of
twenty percent each. The excess return is inclusive
of two things: The gain or loss associated with
holding a futures contract and the gain or loss
associated with the rolling of a futures contract to
the next following expiration. In contrast, the spot
variant does not include the gain or loss associated
with rolling from the nearest-to-expiration contract
to the next following contract (i.e. the spot variant
only captures the return related to holding a
contract). The excess return is replicated by holding
and trading futures contracts underlying the index
in accordance with the S&P GSCI roll schedule. The
spot variant, on the other hand, cannot be directly
hedged with rolling futures contracts, and its
hedging requires active anticipatory hedging and
rolling based on the price differentials between
forward expiry futures contracts. The spot variant
has not been used for any index in exchange traded
products, whereas the excess variant routinely
continues to be used for these purposes. In the case
of the excess return indexes for the Excess Return
Crude Oil Fund and the Excess Return Natural Gas
Fund, the changes in the excess return variant may
be larger or smaller than the changes in the
benchmark spot return variant. See also https://
www.investopedia.com/terms/e/excessreturn.asp.
7 The VIX is a key measure of market expectations
of near-term volatility conveyed by S&P 500® stock
index option prices.
8 Share Index Factors would continue to reset
after any Regular Distribution or special
distribution. In addition to Regular Distributions
and special distributions, discussed below, Funds
may also have corrective distributions and net
income distributions. Since this filing does not
implicate or change any of these other types of
distributions, they are not discussed herein.
9 The Exchange will not engage in a detailed
discussion of the Funds or all aspects of Paired
Class Shares. This is done for purposes of brevity.
This short background description is intended only
to provide context for discussion of the proposed
rule change. For additional detail, see the
AccuShares Order or AccuShares Proposal. See also
Rule 5713.
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simulating an investment in an
Underlying Benchmark.
As noted in Rule 5713, Paired Class
Shares will be issued by a trust on
behalf of a segregated series of the
Trust,10 each of which is known as a
Fund. Paired Class Shares will have
values that are based on an index or
other numerical variable (‘‘Underlying
Benchmark’’) whose value reflects the
value of assets, prices, price volatility or
other economic interests (‘‘Reference
Asset’’).11 The Trust will always issue
Paired Class Shares in pairs of shares of
opposing classes of each Fund. The
values of the opposing classes will move
in opposite directions as the value of the
Fund’s Underlying Benchmark, such as
VIX for the VIX Fund, varies from its
starting level, where one constituent of
the pair is positively linked to the
Fund’s Underlying Benchmark (‘‘Up
Shares’’) and the other constituent is
negatively linked to the Fund’s
Underlying Benchmark (‘‘Down
Shares’’). The rate of linkage or leverage
of a Fund’s Up Shares and Down Shares
performance to the performance of the
Fund’s referenced Underlying
Benchmark will be one-to-one. The
calculation of the liquidation value of a
Fund attributable to each of its classes
of Paired Class Shares (‘‘Class Value’’),
and each Share of such class’ pro rata
portion of Class Value (‘‘Class Value per
Share’’), will be determined according
to a mathematical formula.12
Each Fund will engage in: (1)
Scheduled Regular Distributions, (2)
special distributions that are
10 The Trust in the case of AccuShares is a
Delaware statutory trust that was established into
separate AccuShares Funds pursuant to the Second
Amended and Restated Trust Agreement of the
AccuShares Trust, by AccuShares Investment
Management, LLC, a Delaware limited liability
company, as sponsor (the ‘‘Sponsor’’), and
Wilmington Trust, N.A., a national banking
association, as trustee (the ‘‘Trustee’’), as it may be
amended and restated from time to time (the ‘‘Trust
Agreement’’). Under the Trust Agreement, the
Sponsor has exclusive management and control of
all aspects of the business of each Fund.
Specifically, the Sponsor selects the Funds’ service
providers, negotiates various fees and agreements
and performs such other services as the Sponsor
believes that the AccuShares Trust may require
from time to time. See 79 FR 35610 at 35615
(AccuShares Proposal).
11 Other economic interests would include, for
example, currencies, interest rates, non-investable
economic indices and other measures of financial
instrument value.
12 The mathematical formula is based on the
following factors: (1) The value of Fund assets, (2)
the allocation of such value based on changes in the
level of the Fund’s Underlying Benchmark which
may be limited, reduced, capped or otherwise
modified according to formula or pre-set
parameters, and (3) the daily accrual of gain and
income or loss on the assets of the Fund, less the
liabilities of the Fund, as such gains, income losses
and liabilities are allocated to each class of the
Fund.
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automatically triggered upon the
Underlying Benchmark exceeding a
fixed rate of change since the Fund’s
prior regular or special distribution date
or inception date in the case of the first
distribution (each a ‘‘prior distribution
date’’), and (3) corrective distributions
that are automatically triggered when
the trading price of a Paired Class Share
deviates by a specified amount from its
Class Value per Share for a specified
period of time. Immediately after each
Regular, special and corrective
distribution, the Fund’s Underlying
Benchmark participation or exposure
will be reset and the Fund’s Class Value
per Share for each of its classes will be
set to equal the lowest Class Value per
Share of the two classes of Paired Class
Shares. To the extent any class of Paired
Class Shares of a Fund has a positive net
income from income or gain on class
assets, after deduction of class
liabilities, on a Regular or special
distribution date as measured from the
prior distribution date, such class of
Paired Class Shares will receive a
distribution in cash equal to such
positive net income regardless of
whether such class is entitled to a
Regular or special distribution on such
date.
Share Index Factors are used for the
determination of Class Value and Class
Value Per Share of a Fund. On a daily
basis the custodian of a Fund
(‘‘Custodian’’) 13 will determine the
Class Value of each class of a Fund,
which is based on the value of the
Fund’s Eligible Assets (‘‘Eligible
Assets’’) 14 attributable to such class, (a)
plus any accrued income or gains or
losses on such assets attributable to
such class (‘‘Investment Income’’), (b)
less all fees, expenses and taxes
attributable to such class not otherwise
assumed by the Sponsor,15 where such
income and gains after deduction of
such fees, expenses and taxes is referred
to as the class ‘‘Net Investment
Income.’’ 16 The Class Value per Share
13 Each Fund will have a Custodian pursuant to
appointment by the AccuShares Trust and the terms
of a domestic custodian agreement. The Custodian
will hold each Fund’s securities and cash, and will
perform each Fund’s Class Value and Class Value
per Share calculations.
14 Regarding Eligible Assets, the Funds are
designed so that the cash proceeds from the
creation of Paired Class Shares may be held by a
Fund only in Eligible Assets designed to preserve
capital while earning an investment return that is
consistent with the preservation of capital. See 80
FR 9778 at 9780 (AccuShares Order).
15 The Sponsor has exclusive management and
control of all aspects of the business of each of the
Funds.
16 Such accrued income, gains, losses, fees,
expenses and taxes will be allocated to each Share
class on a daily basis, where such allocation is
equal to the amount of such accrued income, gains,
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of each Fund’s Up Shares will have a
fixed one-to-one positive linear
relationship with such Fund’s
Underlying Benchmark (the ‘‘Up Share
Index Factor’’) and the Class Value per
Share of each Fund’s Down Shares will
have a fixed one-to-one inverse linear
relationship with such Fund’s
Underlying Benchmark (the ‘‘Down
Share Index Factor’’ and together with
the Up Share Index Factor, the ‘‘Share
Index Factors’’). The Down Share Index
Factor will equal negative one times the
Up Share Index Factor. At the inception
of operations of each Fund, the Sponsor
will establish such Fund’s Share Index
Factors. After any regular or special
distribution by a Fund, the Fund will
reset its Share Index Factors—the VIX
Fund would have additional resets to
the Share Index Factors as described
below. The payment of cash
distributions causes Class Values per
Share to be equal following each such
distribution, where the Class Values per
Share will be equal to the lowest Class
Value per Share of either class
calculated in determining the
distribution.
This filing is being made to reflect the
change in the Regular Distribution
interval for the Distribution Funds from
quarterly to monthly, to reflect the
index changes and name changes of two
funds, and to reflect that the Share
Index Factors for the VIX Fund would
be reset on a weekly basis on each
Tuesday and the regular distribution
dates would be monthly on each third
Tuesday to coincide with a Share Index
Factor reset. Upon operational
effectiveness of this proposal, each such
Distribution Fund would, like the VIX
Fund currently, engage in monthly
Regular Distributions, the two excess
return Funds (Excess Crude Oil Fund
and Excess Natural Gas Fund) would
reflect excess return, and Share Index
Factors for the VIX Fund will be reset
on a weekly basis on Tuesday with
related changes to the regular monthly
distribution date to the third Tuesday of
each month such that distribution dates
coincide with a Share Index Factor reset
all as described in more detail below.
The Exchange believes that these
changes will be beneficial to market
participants that choose to trade the
Funds.
Monthly Distribution
Rule 5713 does not specify the
interval for Regular Distributions.
Rather, Rule 5713 states only that a
losses, fees, expenses and taxes multiplied by a
fraction the numerator of which is the closing Class
Value per Share of the referenced class and the
denominator of which is the sum of the closing
Class Values per Share of both classes of the Fund.
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14491
Fund may engage in ‘‘scheduled regular
distributions’’.17 The only mention of an
interval for Regular Distributions is in
footnote 40 in the AccuShares Proposal,
which states that other than monthly
Regular Distributions for VIX Fund and
the Natural Gas Fund, AccuShares ‘‘will
engage in quarterly regular
distributions.’’ 18 In this proposal the
Exchange proposes to indicate that the
Distribution Funds will have Regular
Distributions on a monthly basis. Thus,
the Exchange proposes that each of the
Distribution Funds will, like the VIX
Fund and the Natural Gas Fund, engage
in Regular Distributions each calendar
month. The Exchange believes that this
proposed change will serve to add an
additional measure of consistency to
investors and traders that may want to
trade one or more of the Distribution
Funds by themselves or in addition to
the currently-traded VIX Fund, which
has monthly Regular Distributions.19
The Exchange believes that
consistency across all Funds (except
AccuShares S&P GSCI Spot Fund and
AccuShares S&P GSCI Agriculture and
Livestock Spot Fund) vis-a-vis monthly
Regular Distributions will be helpful to
investors and traders. While some may
have become aware of AccuShares and
Paired Class Shares when the Exchange
filed the AccuShares Proposal, many
more have become aware of AccuShares
and its product offerings with the listing
and trading of the first of the Paired
Class Shares products, namely the VIX
Fund.20 The VIX Fund (as also the
Natural Gas Fund, which is not yet
listed and traded) is currently structured
with monthly Regular Distributions. The
Exchange believes that consistency
across all Funds (except AccuShares
S&P GSCI Spot Fund and AccuShares
S&P GSCI Agriculture and Livestock
Spot Fund) in terms of monthly Regular
Distributions would avoid potential
investor confusion, and, as discussed
17 See
Rule 5713(d).
79 FR 35610 at 35619 (AccuShares
Proposal).
19 The AccuShares S&P GSCI Spot Fund and the
AccuShares S&P GSCI Agriculture and Livestock
Spot Fund would continue to have Regular
Distributions on a quarterly basis. In addition, the
Exchange proposes to change the name of the Crude
Oil Fund and the Natural Gas Fund so that the new
names, namely AccuShares S&P GSCI Crude Oil
Excess Return Fund and AccuShares S&P GSCI
Natural Gas Spot Excess Return Fund, more
accurately reflect how these funds will function.
The Exchange also proposes to indicate that the
Share Index Factors for the VIX Fund would be
reset on a weekly basis on each Tuesday, and the
regular distributions for the VIX Fund would be
made monthly on the third Tuesday rather than
monthly on the 15th so that each monthly
distribution date (and each end of a monthly
measuring period) coincides with a Share Index
Factor reset. These changes are described below.
20 The VIX Fund began trading on May 19, 2015.
18 See
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below, could be advantageous to market
participants. For example, the proposed
monthly distributions could allow
investors to redeploy gains from Up
Shares or Down Shares to alternative,
non-Fund investments in a tax efficient
manner more frequently than investors
could do with quarterly distributions. In
addition, monthly distributions would
better align the changes in the Class
Values per Share of both the Up Shares
and the Down Shares with a more
current valuation of the underlying
index. Moreover, with the
commencement of trading of the VIX
Fund on the Exchange, the Sponsor has
received feedback from both current and
potential investors about preferred
distribution frequency. In particular, the
majority of these market participants
have indicated to the Sponsor that
monthly Regular Distributions would be
preferable to a longer period and would
improve both trading and hedging.
Monthly distributions can be more
frequently redeployed in a tax efficient
manner into the opposing share class or
other positions. Additionally, for traders
or market makers hedging or arbitraging
the fund’s shares, monthly distributions
and concurrent monthly Share Index
Factor settings will more closely align
the funds with the most liquid monthly
futures contracts and other exchange
traded products which also employ a
monthly index roll similar to the S&P
GSCI commodity indexes.
Finally, in each instance of a
distribution the Sponsor will continue
to post a notice of such event and its
details on the Sponsor’s Web site
(www.AccuShares.com). The Sponsor
has also represented to the Exchange
that each Fund engaging in a Regular
Distribution (or, for that matter, a
special distribution, corrective
distribution, or net income distribution)
will provide at least three business days’
advance notice (or longer advance
notice as may be required by the
Exchange) 21 of such an event.
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Excess Crude Oil Fund and Excess
Natural Gas Fund
The Exchange proposes to change the
underlying indexes from their spot
variant to their excess return variant and
to rename the AccuShares S&P GSCI
Crude Oil Spot Fund to AccuShares S&P
GSCI Crude Oil Excess Return Fund and
the AccuShares S&P GSCI Natural Gas
Spot Fund to AccuShares S&P GSCI
Natural Gas Excess Return Fund. Market
participants, in particular Authorized
21 The Exchange may determine that longer notice
is advisable in some circumstances (e.g., an
extended market break).
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Participants 22 of the AccuShares Trust
and market participants who are
expected to act as liquidity providers for
excess return Funds (‘‘liquidity
providers’’), have recommended the
index change and the related name
revision. The Authorized Participants
and liquidity providers have indicated
that market making in the spot variant
of the indexes (the current indexes
variant) would require wider bid/offer
spreads in comparison to using the
excess return variant of the indexes.23
That is, the current spot variant would
require anticipatory hedging, rolls, and
the management of forward contango
and backwardation 24 risk (together
‘‘spot requirements’’), while in contrast
these spot requirements are not
important with excess return because
they are naturally embedded in the
excess return variant. The excess return
variant is an index variant that is not
novel, but rather is one that has been in
use and is thus familiar to market
makers and other market participants.25
Moreover, the excess return variant is
expected to benefit market participants
through both narrower bid/offer spreads
22 Per note 13 of the AccuShares Order, an
Authorized Participant may place orders to create
or redeem one or more Creation Units, and must be
(1) a registered broker-dealer or other securities
market participant such as a bank or other financial
institution which is not required to register as a
broker-dealer to engage in securities transactions,
(2) a direct participant in The Depository Trust
Company, and (3) a party to an Authorized
Participant Agreement with the Sponsor setting
forth the procedures for the creation and
redemption of Creation Units in a Fund.
23 Market participants have indicated that their
expected average holding and reassessment periods
would be in the area of two to eight weeks, and that
funds that offer excess return would be less costly
because they would offer narrower bid/offer spreads
and less risk. This would have several positive
effects. First, investors are expected to buy or sell
Fund shares concurrent with each reassessment.
Second, such buying or selling is expected to be
cheaper. Third, the narrower bid/offer spreads are
expected to increase liquidity in the Fund shares,
thus reducing the risk of buying or selling across
a range of market conditions.
24 Contango is normally when a futures price is
above the expected future spot price. Because the
futures price must converge on the expected future
spot price, contango implies that futures prices are
falling over time as new information brings them
into line with the expected future spot price.
Backwardation is normally when a futures price is
below the expected future spot price and increases
with time. For additional information, see https://
www.investopedia.com/articles/07/contango_
backwardation.asp.
25 Products that use the excess return variant
include DBO, OIL, UCO, UGAZ, and DGAZ. The
crude oil products (DBO, OIL, and UCO) have
current assets ranging from $400 to 800 million, and
daily trading volumes ranging from 1 million to 11
million shares. The natural gas products (UGAZ
and DGAZ) have current assets ranging from $80
million to $300 million, and daily trading volumes
ranging from 4 million to 11 million shares. Other
funds seek to track an excess return variant by
transacting directly in the related futures contracts
and some of those funds are larger than those listed.
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and an increased ability and proclivity
for providing liquidity in all market
conditions.26 As such, market
participants that choose to trade Pair
Class Shares and benefit from the
efficiency and transparency inherent in
the product will also be able to benefit
from the more easily traded and hedged
excess return variant.
Both the spot variant and the excess
return variant are computed from the
same underlying futures contracts at the
same point in time. The difference
between the two variants occurs only on
5 trading days: The 5th through the 9th
trading days of each month (the ‘‘five
day period’’). During the five day
period, each S&P GSCI commodity
index underlying a Fund, whether
monthly return or excess return, moves
its reference from the front-month
expiry contract to the next following
contract (that is, the futures contract for
the next consecutive expiry month) in
five equal installments of twenty
percent per day in order to capture the
cost or the benefit from rolling the
nearby front-month expiry contract into
the next following expiry contract. In
the excess return variant, the cost or
benefit of transacting out of the current
or front-month expiry contract and into
the next or following futures contract is
added to (or subtracted from) the index
value. In contrast, in the spot variant
this cost or benefit is not added to (or
subtracted from) the index value,27 and
26 Because the excess return variant can be found
in standard indexes used in exchange traded
products, market makers are already accustomed to
trading and hedging fund shares based on this
variant. In addition to promoting narrower spreads
and added liquidity, the excess return variant is
directly hedgeable with conventional futures
contracts, which contain the cost or benefit of the
roll forward. Because the excess return variant
precisely tracks the prices of the futures that a
market maker is expected to use to both arbitrage
and hedge the Fund shares, many more market
makers are expected to engage in trading and
arbitrage activities. With the excess return variant,
the rolling effect of the index will be identical to
the rolling performance of a futures hedge; and
because the excess return variant precisely tracks an
actual futures holding, a hedge can essentially
remain static throughout a month and may require
rebalancing only on those five days on which the
excess return variant rolls its hypothetical
positions. In contrast, the spot variant would
require a more complex daily rebalancing of the
futures hedge. Hedging and arbitraging the spot
variant requires holding a next following futures
contract (rather than the current futures contract)
and manually rebalancing the next following
futures contract amount on a daily basis to account
for contango or backwardation between the futures
hedge and the spot variant index.
27 The Sponsor expects more market makers to
participate in the excess return variant because of
the reduced market making complexity. The
potential benefits of additional market maker
participation include: (i) The ability of market
participants to transact higher share quantities at
tighter bid/offer spreads, and (ii) more robust and
predictable trading prices in fast moving or volatile
markets.
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as such, gives rise to needed
anticipatory hedging which, based on
feedback from Authorized Participants
and market makers, is expected to result
in increased bid/offer spreads.
VIX Fund Share Index Factor and
Distribution Date
The Exchange is proposing a periodic
resetting of the Share Index Factors for
the VIX Fund where the Share Index
Factors reset weekly on each Tuesday
and where the regular distributions for
the VIX Fund would be made monthly
on the third Tuesday of the month so
that each monthly distribution date (and
each end of a monthly measuring
period) coincides with a Share Index
Factor reset.
Currently, after any Regular
Distribution or special distribution by a
Fund, a Fund will reset its Share Index
Factors. Cash distributions cause Class
Values per Share to be equal following
each such distribution. The lowest Class
Value per Share of either class
calculated is used for the Share Index
Factor.28 The Exchange is proposing
that the resetting of the Share Index
Factors for the VIX Fund not wait for a
distribution but rather that [sic] be done
on a more frequent, weekly basis on
each Tuesday. In a related change, the
regular distributions for the VIX Fund
would be made monthly on the third
Tuesday rather than monthly on the
15th so that each monthly distribution
date and end of each monthly
measuring period coincides with a
Share Index Factor reset. The Exchange
believes that more frequent resets of the
Share Index Factors for the VIX Fund
will be beneficial to market participants
that trade the fund because it will
improve the arbitrage function of the
fund’s shares by aligning the setting of
the Share Index Factors with the expiry
of each weekly VIX futures contract, and
because the Share Index Factor will
reset with a frequency closer to the daily
measurements of spot VIX. The weekly
VIX futures began trading in July 2015—
approximately two months after the
launch of the VIX Fund. The weekly
VIX futures are the preferred hedging
futures contract for spot VIX with both
higher correlations to spot VIX than the
monthly contracts, and more timely
responsiveness to changes in spot VIX.
Changing the Share Index Factors to a
weekly determination is expected to
have two benefits, both of which are
expected to narrow bid/offer spreads
28 Immediately after each distribution, the fund’s
exposure will be reset, and the fund’s Class Value
per Share for each of its classes will be set to equal
the lowest Class Value per Share of the two classes
of Paired Class Shares. See 80 FR 9778 at 9779
(AccuShares Order).
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and increase trading volumes. First, the
fund shares are expected to be more
easily hedged with shorter duration VIX
futures. Aligning the Share Index Factor
resets to the shorter VIX futures would
make the fund shares’ responsiveness to
VIX better aligned with the preferred
hedging instrument. The arbitrage and
hedging of fund shares would be
simplified because the settlement of the
shorter VIX futures will be coincidental
with each Share Index Factor reset. That
is, the preferred hedge is expected to be
rolled on its expiry cycle by an
arbitrageur or hedger, and the expiry
cycle will coincide with each Share
Index Factor reset. Second, the
improved hedgeability is expected to
bring the trading prices in closer
alignment with fund share class values
which are algorithmic and tied directly
to changes in spot VIX.
As a result of this proposed change,
Share Index Factor resetting will be
taking place more frequently to the
benefit of market participants.29
The Exchange believes that all three
of the proposed changes will be
beneficial to traders and investors, and
that they meet the requirements of the
Act.
The Exchange notes that this proposal
makes three changes, as discussed, to
the original AccuShares Order and
AccuShares Proposal, see 80 FR 9778
and 79 FR 35610, and that the
representations made in the original
AccuShares Order and AccuShares
Proposal remain unchanged.
2. Statutory Basis
The Exchange believes the proposed
rule change is consistent with the Act
and the rules and regulations
thereunder, including the requirements
of Section 6(b) of the Act.30 In
particular, the Exchange believes the
proposed rule change is consistent with
the Section 6(b)(5) 31 requirements that
the rules of an exchange be designed to
promote just and equitable principles of
trade, to prevent fraudulent and
manipulative acts and practices, to
foster cooperation and coordination
with persons engaged in facilitating
transactions in securities, to remove
impediments to and to perfect the
mechanism for a free and open market
and a national market system, and, in
general, to protect investors and the
public interest. The Exchange proposes
to indicate that Regular Distributions of
the Distribution Funds will be done on
29 Share Index Factors would, as now, continue
to reset after any Regular Distribution and special
distribution.
30 15 U.S.C. 78f(b).
31 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).
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14493
a monthly rather than on a quarterly
basis, to rename two Funds to reflect
excess return rather than spot, and to
indicate that Share Index Factors for the
VIX Fund would be reset on a weekly
basis on Tuesday and the regular
distributions will occur monthly on the
third Tuesday of each month rather than
on the 15th, as discussed. Thus, each
such monthly distribution Fund (and in
fact all of the Funds with the exception
of AccuShares S&P GSCI Spot Fund and
AccuShares S&P GSCI Agriculture and
Livestock Spot Fund) would engage in
monthly Regular Distributions, and the
excess return Funds would be indexed
to their excess return variant and renamed AccuShares S&P GSCI Crude Oil
Excess Return Fund and AccuShares
S&P GSCI Natural Gas Excess Return
Fund. The Exchange believes that these
proposed changes will be beneficial to
market participants that choose to trade
the Funds.
The Exchange believes that
consistency across all Funds (except
AccuShares S&P GSCI Spot Fund and
AccuShares S&P GSCI Agriculture and
`
Livestock Spot Fund) vis-a-vis monthly
Regular Distributions will be helpful to
investors and traders. While some may
have become aware of AccuShares and
Paired Class Shares when the Exchange
filed the AccuShares proposal, many
more have become aware of AccuShares
and its product offerings with the listing
and trading of the first of the Paired
Class Shares products, namely the VIX
Fund that began trading on May 19,
2015. The Exchange believes that
consistency across Funds as discussed
in terms of monthly Regular
Distributions would avoid potential
investor confusion, and, as discussed
above, could be advantageous to market
participants. In addition, the Sponsor
has heard from current and potential
investors about distribution. In
particular, the majority of these market
participants indicated to the Sponsor
that monthly Regular Distributions
would be preferable to a longer period
because this would tend to have a
positive impact on trading activity
because better alignment with both
futures hedges and better alignment
with other exchange traded products
would reduce intraday spreads by being
more easily hedged and arbitraged, and
more widely traded. This would help
trading price stability and tracking in
terms of premiums and discounts by
both overall increasing trading volumes
and making intraday and inter-day
trading volumes more consistent, all of
which is expected to contribute to
narrower bid/offer spreads and more
predictable fund performance.
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14494
Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 52 / Thursday, March 17, 2016 / Notices
The Exchange believes that, as
discussed, re-indexing and renaming the
excess return Funds will be helpful to
market participants. The excess return
change is recommended by market
participants. The Authorized
Participants and liquidity providers
have indicated that market making in
the excess return Funds, as currently
reflecting the spot variant of the index,
would require wider bid/offer spreads
in comparison to using the excess return
variant of the index.32 That is, the
current spot variant would require
anticipatory hedging, rolls, and the
management of the spot requirements
(e.g., contango and backwardation risk),
while in contrast these spot
requirements are not important with
excess return because they are naturally
embedded in the excess return variant.
The Exchange notes that in each
instance of a distribution the Sponsor
will post a notice of such event and its
details on the Sponsor’s Web site
(www.AccuShares.com). The Sponsor
has also represented to the Exchange
that each Fund engaging in a Regular
Distribution (or, for that matter, a
special distribution, corrective
distribution, or net income distribution)
will provide at least three business days’
advance notice (or longer advance
notice as may be required by the
Exchange) 33 of such an event.
The Exchange believes that, as
discussed, more frequent resetting of the
Share Index Factors will likewise be
beneficial to market participants. The
Exchange is proposing that the resetting
of the Share Index Factors for the VIX
Fund not have to wait for a Regular or
special distribution but rather be done
on a more frequent, weekly basis on
each Tuesday. More frequent resets of
the Share Index Factors for the VIX
Fund will be beneficial to market
participants that trade the fund because
it will improve the arbitrage function of
the fund’s shares by aligning the setting
of the Share Index Factors with the
expiry of each weekly VIX futures
contract, and because the Share Index
Factor will reset with a frequency closer
to the daily measurements of spot VIX.
The weekly VIX futures are the
preferred hedging futures with both
higher correlations to spot VIX than the
monthly contracts, and more timely
responsiveness to changes in spot VIX.
32 Market participants have indicated that their
expected average holding and reassessment periods
would be in the area of two to eight weeks, and that
excess return Funds, with narrower bid/offer
spreads—which are advantageous to market
participants—would be preferred.
33 The Exchange may determine that longer notice
is advisable in some circumstances (e.g., an
extended market break).
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Changing the Share Index Factors to a
weekly determination is expected to
have several advantages for market
participants: Narrower bid/offer spreads
and increased trading volumes; fund
shares more easily hedged with shorter
VIX futures; and improved hedgeability
that should bring the trading prices in
closer alignment with fund share class
values which are algorithmic and tied
directly to changes in spot VIX.
B. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement on Burden on Competition
The Exchange does not believe that
the proposed rule change will impose
any burden on competition that is not
necessary or appropriate in furtherance
of the purposes of the Act. The
Exchange does not believe that the
proposed rule change will have any
impact on competition. The proposed
rule change will achieve better
consistency for the Funds of the Trust
as discussed regarding the timing of
Regular Distributions. The proposed
rule change will have certain indexes
changed from the spot variant to the
excess return variant of such indexes,
and will rename two of the Funds to
reflect that these excess return Funds
will use the excess return variant of the
index underlying the Funds rather the
current index variant that is based on
spot. The proposed rule change will
increase the frequency of Share Index
Factor resets for the VIX Fund to occur
weekly on each Tuesday, and will make
a corresponding change to monthly
distribution dates to the third Tuesday
of each month such that a monthly
distribution coincides with a weekly
Share Index Factor reset. The Exchange
believes that while these changes may
not directly impact competition, they
will be helpful for market participants.
C. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement on Comments on the
Proposed Rule Change Received From
Members, Participants, or Others
Written comments were neither
solicited nor received.
III. Date of Effectiveness of the
Proposed Rule Change and Timing for
Commission Action
Within 45 days of the date of
publication of this notice in the Federal
Register or within such longer period
up to 90 days (i) as the Commission may
designate if it finds such longer period
to be appropriate and publishes its
reasons for so finding or (ii) as to which
the Exchange consents, the Commission
shall: (a) By order approve or
disapprove such proposed rule change,
or (b) institute proceedings to determine
PO 00000
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Fmt 4703
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whether the proposed rule change
should be disapproved.
IV. Solicitation of Comments
Interested persons are invited to
submit written data, views, and
arguments concerning the foregoing,
including whether the proposed rule
change is consistent with the Act.
Comments may be submitted by any of
the following methods:
Electronic Comments
• Use the Commission’s Internet
comment form (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml); or
• Send an email to rule-comments@
sec.gov. Please include File Number SR–
NASDAQ–2016–034 on the subject line.
Paper Comments
• Send paper comments in triplicate
to Secretary, Securities and Exchange
Commission, 100 F Street, NE.,
Washington, DC 20549–1090.
All submissions should refer to File
Number SR–NASDAQ–2016–034. This
file number should be included on the
subject line if email is used. To help the
Commission process and review your
comments more efficiently, please use
only one method. The Commission will
post all comments on the Commission’s
Internet Web site (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml). Copies of the
submission, all subsequent
amendments, all written statements
with respect to the proposed rule
change that are filed with the
Commission, and all written
communications relating to the
proposed rule change between the
Commission and any person, other than
those that may be withheld from the
public in accordance with the
provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be
available for Web site viewing and
printing in the Commission’s Public
Reference Room, 100 F Street NE.,
Washington, DC 20549, on official
business days between the hours of
10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. Copies of the
filing also will be available for
inspection and copying at the principal
office of the Exchange. All comments
received will be posted without change;
the Commission does not edit personal
identifying information from
submissions. You should submit only
information that you wish to make
available publicly. All submissions
should refer to File Number SR–
NASDAQ–2016–034 and should be
submitted on or before April 7, 2016.
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Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 52 / Thursday, March 17, 2016 / Notices
For the Commission, by the Division of
Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated
authority.34
Lynn M. Powalski,
Deputy Secretary.
Dated: March 14, 2016.
Lynn M. Powalski,
Deputy Secretary.
forth in sections A, B, and C below, of
the most significant aspects of such
statements.
[FR Doc. 2016–06130 Filed 3–15–16; 11:15 am]
A. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
Change
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
[FR Doc. 2016–05977 Filed 3–16–16; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
[Release No. 34–77350; File No. SR–BX–
2016–014]
asabaliauskas on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with NOTICES
Sunshine Act Meeting
Notice is hereby given, pursuant to
the provisions of the Government in the
Sunshine Act, Public Law 94–409, that
the Securities and Exchange
Commission (‘‘Commission’’) will hold
an Open Meeting on Monday, March 21,
2016, at 11:00 a.m., in the Auditorium
(L–002) at the Commission’s
headquarters building, to hear oral
argument in an appeal from an initial
decision of an administrative law judge
by respondents Edgar Page (‘‘Page’’) and
PageOne Financial, Inc. (‘‘PageOne’’).
On March 10, 2015, after the
Commission instituted proceedings,
Page and PageOne submitted an offer of
settlement, accepted by the
Commission, pursuant to which they
consented to entry of an order: finding
that they violated the Investment
Advisers Act of 1940 by failing to
disclose a conflict of interest; imposing
a censure and a cease-and-desist order;
and ordering additional proceedings to
determine what, if any, disgorgement,
prejudgment interest, civil penalties,
and other remedial action is in the
public interest. In an initial decision
issued June 25, 2015, the law judge
barred Page from the securities industry,
revoked PageOne’s investment adviser
registration, ordered Page and PageOne
to disgorge $2,184,850.30, with
prejudgment interest, jointly and
severally, and declined to impose a civil
penalty.
Page and PageOne appealed the
sanctions imposed in the initial
decision. The Commission’s Division of
Enforcement cross-appealed the initial
decision’s imposition of a time-limited
industry bar, as opposed to a permanent
industry bar with a right to reapply. The
oral argument is likely to address what
penalties, if any, are appropriate in the
public interest. Also likely to be
considered at oral argument is whether
these administrative proceedings violate
the U.S. Constitution.
For further information, please
contact the Office of the Secretary at
(202) 551–5400.
Self-Regulatory Organizations;
NASDAQ BX, Inc.; Notice of Filing and
Immediate Effectiveness of a Proposed
Rule Change To Amend Exchange
Rule 7018
March 11, 2016.
Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
(‘‘Act’’),1 and Rule 19b–4 thereunder,2
notice is hereby given that on February
29, 2016, NASDAQ BX, Inc. (‘‘BX’’ or
‘‘Exchange’’) filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission (‘‘SEC’’ or
‘‘Commission’’) the proposed rule
change as described in Items I, II, and
III below, which Items have been
prepared by the Exchange. The
Commission is publishing this notice to
solicit comments on the proposed rule
change from interested persons.
I. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Terms of Substance of
the Proposed Rule Change
The Exchange proposes to amend the
fee schedule under Exchange Rule
7018(a) with respect to execution and
routing of orders in securities priced at
$1 or more per share.
This filing is being made for
immediate effectiveness and will
become operative March 1, 2016.
The text of the proposed rule change
is also available on the Exchange’s Web
site at https://
nasdaqomxbx.cchwallstreet.com, at the
principal office of the Exchange, and at
the Commission’s Public Reference
Room.
II. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
Change
In its filing with the Commission, the
Exchange included statements
concerning the purpose of and basis for
the proposed rule change and discussed
any comments it received on the
proposed rule change. The text of these
statements may be examined at the
places specified in Item IV below. The
Exchange has prepared summaries, set
1 15
34 17
CFR 200.30–3(a)(12).
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14495
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U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
CFR 240.19b–4.
Frm 00086
Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
1. Purpose
The Exchange is proposing to amend
the fee schedule under BX Rule 7018(a),
relating to fees and credits provided for
orders in securities priced and $1 or
more per share that execute on BX.
Under BX Rule 7018(a), the Exchange
provides credits to member firms that
access liquidity on BX. The Exchange is
proposing to eliminate two credit tiers,
as well as to amend the criteria of two
other credit tiers, each for orders that
access liquidity (excluding orders with
midpoint pegging and excluding orders
that receive price improvement and
execute against an order with midpoint
pegging).
Specifically, the first eliminated
credit tier is for a member that adds and
accesses liquidity equal to or exceeding
0.50% of total consolidated volume
(‘‘TCV’’) during a month to receive a
credit of $0.0017 per share executed.
The second eliminated credit tier is for
a member that accesses liquidity equal
to or exceeding 0.05% of TCV during a
month to receive a credit of $0.0008 per
share executed.
Members that previously would have
qualified under the eliminated tiers may
continue to qualify for and receive
either an equal or higher credit.
Specifically, members that previously
qualified for the credit of $0.0017 per
share executed for adding and accessing
liquidity equal to or exceeding 0.50% of
TCV during a month may still receive
the same credit, but for meeting the
lower TCV threshold and through solely
accessing liquidity (no longer includes
adding liquidity) equal to or exceeding
0.20% of TCV during a month.
Otherwise, members may receive a
lower credit. For [sic] members that
previously qualified for the credit of
$0.0008 per share executed for accessing
liquidity equal to or exceeding 0.05% of
TCV during a month will receive a
higher credit of $0.0015 per share
executed for meeting the same monthly
threshold.
The first amended credit tier reduces
the threshold to qualify for a credit of
$0.0016 per share executed. The current
threshold requires a member to access
liquidity equal to or exceeding 0.15% of
TCV during a month. The proposed rule
change lowers this threshold for a
member to access liquidity equal to or
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Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 81, Number 52 (Thursday, March 17, 2016)]
[Notices]
[Pages 14489-14495]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2016-05977]
=======================================================================
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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
[Release No. 34-77353; File No. SR-NASDAQ-2016-034]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC;
Notice of Filing of Proposed Rule Change Regarding Monthly
Distributions, Excess Returns, and Share Index Factors of Certain
AccuShares[supreg] Trust I Funds
March 11, 2016.
Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
(``Act''),\1\ and Rule 19b-4 thereunder,\2\ notice is hereby given that
on March 2, 2016, The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC (``NASDAQ'' or the
``Exchange'') filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
(``Commission'') the proposed rule change as described in in Items I
and II below, which Items have been prepared by the Exchange. The
Commission is publishing this notice to solicit comments on the
proposed rule change from interested persons.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
\2\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
I. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Terms of Substance
of the Proposed Rule Change
NASDAQ proposes to indicate the following:
(1) That regular distributions (``Regular Distributions'') of the
following Paired Class Shares issued by AccuShares[supreg] Trust I
(formerly known as AccuShares Commodities Trust I) (the ``AccuShares
Trust'' or ``Trust'') \3\ will be made on a monthly basis on behalf of
each of the following segregated series AccuShares S&P[supreg]
GSCI[supreg] Industrial Metals Spot Fund, AccuShares S&P GSCI Crude Oil
Spot Fund, and AccuShares S&P GSCI Brent Oil Spot Fund (each a
``Distribution Fund'', and collectively the ``Distribution Funds'');
\4\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\3\ AccuShares[supreg] is a registered trademark of AccuShares
Holdings LLC. S&P[supreg], S&P GSCI[supreg], S&P 500[supreg] and
Standard & Poor's[supreg] are registered trademarks of Standard &
Poor's[supreg] Financial Services LLC. CBOE[supreg], Chicago Board
Options Exchange[supreg], CBOE Volatility Index[supreg] and
VIX[supreg] are registered trademarks of Chicago Board Options
Exchange[supreg], Incorporated (``CBOE''). Dow Jones[supreg] is a
registered trademark of Dow Jones[supreg] Trademark Holdings LLC.
\4\ The Paired Class Shares funds discussed in this proposal--
the three Distribution Funds and the AccuShares S&P GSCI Natural Gas
Spot Fund--and in addition the AccuShares S&P GSCI Spot Fund, the
AccuShares S&P GSCI Agriculture and Livestock Spot Fund, and the
AccuShares Spot CBOE[supreg] VIX[supreg] Fund, are approved for
listing. See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 74299 (February 18,
2015), 80 FR 9778 (February 24, 2015) (SR-NASDAQ-2014-065) (order
approving new Rule 5713 and listing seven AccuShares funds) (the
``AccuShares Order''). The first, and only, AccuShares fund that is
currently listed and trading on the Exchange is the AccuShares Spot
CBOE[supreg] VIX[supreg] Fund. See also Securities Exchange Act
Release No. 72412 (June 17, 2014), 79 FR 35610 (June 23, 2014) (SR-
NASDAQ-2014-065) (notice of filing regarding new Rule 5713 and
listing seven AccuShares funds) (the ``AccuShares Proposal''). The
funds approved for listing in the AccuShares Order are together
called the ``Funds''.
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(2) That the following Paired Class Shares issued by the Trust will
have their indexes changed from the spot variant to the excess return
variant of such indexes and the funds will be renamed to accurately
reflect the changes to the indexes--the AccuShares S&P GSCI Crude Oil
Spot Fund will have its index changed from the S&P GSCI Crude Oil Spot
Index to the S&P GSCI Crude Oil Excess Return Index and the fund will
be renamed AccuShares S&P GSCI Crude Oil Excess Return Fund, and the
AccuShares S&P GSCI Natural Gas Spot Fund will have its index changed
from S&P GSCI Natural Gas Spot Index to S&P GSCI Natural Gas Excess
Return Index and the fund will be renamed AccuShares S&P GSCI Natural
Gas Excess Return Fund; and
(3) That the Share Index Factors \5\ for the AccuShares Spot CBOE
VIX Fund would be reset on a weekly basis on each Tuesday (after
certain distribution dates), and the regular distributions for the
AccuShares Spot CBOE VIX Fund would be made monthly on the third
Tuesday rather than monthly on the
[[Page 14490]]
15th so that each monthly distribution date (and the end of each
monthly measuring period) coincides with a Share Index Factor reset.
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\5\ Share Index Factors are discussed below.
The text of the proposed rule change is available at https://nasdaq.cchwallstreet.com/, at NASDAQ's principal office, and at the
Commission's Public Reference Room.
II. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change
In its filing with the Commission, the self-regulatory organization
included statements concerning the purpose of, and basis for, the
proposed rule change and discussed any comments it received on the
proposed rule change. The text of those statements may be examined at
the places specified in Item IV below. The Exchange has prepared
summaries, set forth in sections A, B, and C below, of the most
significant parts of such statements.
A. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change
1. Purpose
The purpose of this proposed rule change is to indicate the
following:
(1) That Regular Distributions will be made on a monthly basis on
behalf of each of the Distribution Funds;
(2) That the following Paired Class Shares issued by the Trust will
have their indexes changed from the spot variant to the excess return
variant of such indexes and the funds will be renamed to accurately
reflect the changes to the indexes--the AccuShares S&P GSCI Crude Oil
Spot Fund (``Crude Oil Fund'') will have its index changed from the S&P
GSCI Crude Oil Spot Index to the S&P GSCI Crude Oil Excess Return Index
and the fund will be renamed AccuShares S&P GSCI Crude Oil Excess
Return Fund (``Excess Crude Oil Fund''), and the AccuShares S&P GSCI
Natural Gas Spot Fund (``Natural Gas Fund'') will have its index
changed from S&P GSCI Natural Gas Spot Index to S&P GSCI Natural Gas
Excess Return Index and the fund will be renamed AccuShares S&P GSCI
Natural Gas Excess Return Fund (``Excess Natural Gas Fund''); \6\ and
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\6\ Excess returns, which are discussed below, are generally
investment returns from a security or portfolio that exceed a
benchmark or index with a similar level of risk. For the Excess
Return Crude Oil Fund and the Excess Return Natural Gas Fund, the
excess return index is calculated from holding a nearest-to-
expiration futures contract, and exchanging such nearest-to-
expiration contract for the contract expiring in the next following
month in accordance with the monthly S&P GSCI roll schedule. The S&P
GSCI roll schedule holds the nearest-to-expiration futures contract
until the fifth trading day of each month, and over the fifth to
ninth trading day of each month sells the nearest-to-expiration
contract and purchases the contract expiring in the next following
month (i.e. rolls the futures contracts) in five equal installments
of twenty percent each. The excess return is inclusive of two
things: The gain or loss associated with holding a futures contract
and the gain or loss associated with the rolling of a futures
contract to the next following expiration. In contrast, the spot
variant does not include the gain or loss associated with rolling
from the nearest-to-expiration contract to the next following
contract (i.e. the spot variant only captures the return related to
holding a contract). The excess return is replicated by holding and
trading futures contracts underlying the index in accordance with
the S&P GSCI roll schedule. The spot variant, on the other hand,
cannot be directly hedged with rolling futures contracts, and its
hedging requires active anticipatory hedging and rolling based on
the price differentials between forward expiry futures contracts.
The spot variant has not been used for any index in exchange traded
products, whereas the excess variant routinely continues to be used
for these purposes. In the case of the excess return indexes for the
Excess Return Crude Oil Fund and the Excess Return Natural Gas Fund,
the changes in the excess return variant may be larger or smaller
than the changes in the benchmark spot return variant. See also
https://www.investopedia.com/terms/e/excessreturn.asp.
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(3) That the Share Index Factors for the AccuShares Spot CBOE VIX
Fund (``VIX Fund'') \7\ would be reset on a weekly basis on each
Tuesday (after certain distribution dates), and the regular
distributions for the VIX Fund would be made monthly on the third
Tuesday rather than monthly on the 15th so that each monthly
distribution date (and the end of each monthly measuring period)
coincides with a Share Index Factor reset.\8\
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\7\ The VIX is a key measure of market expectations of near-term
volatility conveyed by S&P 500[supreg] stock index option prices.
\8\ Share Index Factors would continue to reset after any
Regular Distribution or special distribution. In addition to Regular
Distributions and special distributions, discussed below, Funds may
also have corrective distributions and net income distributions.
Since this filing does not implicate or change any of these other
types of distributions, they are not discussed herein.
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Paired Class Shares--A Short Background \9\
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\9\ The Exchange will not engage in a detailed discussion of the
Funds or all aspects of Paired Class Shares. This is done for
purposes of brevity. This short background description is intended
only to provide context for discussion of the proposed rule change.
For additional detail, see the AccuShares Order or AccuShares
Proposal. See also Rule 5713.
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The structure of Paired Class Shares is designed to be a passive
unmanaged investment vehicle with the objective to provide investors
with exposure to changes in an Underlying Benchmark as defined below.
Paired Class Shares are expected to provide retail as well as
institutional investors with a simple, liquid and cost effective means
of simulating an investment in an Underlying Benchmark.
As noted in Rule 5713, Paired Class Shares will be issued by a
trust on behalf of a segregated series of the Trust,\10\ each of which
is known as a Fund. Paired Class Shares will have values that are based
on an index or other numerical variable (``Underlying Benchmark'')
whose value reflects the value of assets, prices, price volatility or
other economic interests (``Reference Asset'').\11\ The Trust will
always issue Paired Class Shares in pairs of shares of opposing classes
of each Fund. The values of the opposing classes will move in opposite
directions as the value of the Fund's Underlying Benchmark, such as VIX
for the VIX Fund, varies from its starting level, where one constituent
of the pair is positively linked to the Fund's Underlying Benchmark
(``Up Shares'') and the other constituent is negatively linked to the
Fund's Underlying Benchmark (``Down Shares''). The rate of linkage or
leverage of a Fund's Up Shares and Down Shares performance to the
performance of the Fund's referenced Underlying Benchmark will be one-
to-one. The calculation of the liquidation value of a Fund attributable
to each of its classes of Paired Class Shares (``Class Value''), and
each Share of such class' pro rata portion of Class Value (``Class
Value per Share''), will be determined according to a mathematical
formula.\12\
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\10\ The Trust in the case of AccuShares is a Delaware statutory
trust that was established into separate AccuShares Funds pursuant
to the Second Amended and Restated Trust Agreement of the AccuShares
Trust, by AccuShares Investment Management, LLC, a Delaware limited
liability company, as sponsor (the ``Sponsor''), and Wilmington
Trust, N.A., a national banking association, as trustee (the
``Trustee''), as it may be amended and restated from time to time
(the ``Trust Agreement''). Under the Trust Agreement, the Sponsor
has exclusive management and control of all aspects of the business
of each Fund. Specifically, the Sponsor selects the Funds' service
providers, negotiates various fees and agreements and performs such
other services as the Sponsor believes that the AccuShares Trust may
require from time to time. See 79 FR 35610 at 35615 (AccuShares
Proposal).
\11\ Other economic interests would include, for example,
currencies, interest rates, non-investable economic indices and
other measures of financial instrument value.
\12\ The mathematical formula is based on the following factors:
(1) The value of Fund assets, (2) the allocation of such value based
on changes in the level of the Fund's Underlying Benchmark which may
be limited, reduced, capped or otherwise modified according to
formula or pre-set parameters, and (3) the daily accrual of gain and
income or loss on the assets of the Fund, less the liabilities of
the Fund, as such gains, income losses and liabilities are allocated
to each class of the Fund.
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Each Fund will engage in: (1) Scheduled Regular Distributions, (2)
special distributions that are
[[Page 14491]]
automatically triggered upon the Underlying Benchmark exceeding a fixed
rate of change since the Fund's prior regular or special distribution
date or inception date in the case of the first distribution (each a
``prior distribution date''), and (3) corrective distributions that are
automatically triggered when the trading price of a Paired Class Share
deviates by a specified amount from its Class Value per Share for a
specified period of time. Immediately after each Regular, special and
corrective distribution, the Fund's Underlying Benchmark participation
or exposure will be reset and the Fund's Class Value per Share for each
of its classes will be set to equal the lowest Class Value per Share of
the two classes of Paired Class Shares. To the extent any class of
Paired Class Shares of a Fund has a positive net income from income or
gain on class assets, after deduction of class liabilities, on a
Regular or special distribution date as measured from the prior
distribution date, such class of Paired Class Shares will receive a
distribution in cash equal to such positive net income regardless of
whether such class is entitled to a Regular or special distribution on
such date.
Share Index Factors are used for the determination of Class Value
and Class Value Per Share of a Fund. On a daily basis the custodian of
a Fund (``Custodian'') \13\ will determine the Class Value of each
class of a Fund, which is based on the value of the Fund's Eligible
Assets (``Eligible Assets'') \14\ attributable to such class, (a) plus
any accrued income or gains or losses on such assets attributable to
such class (``Investment Income''), (b) less all fees, expenses and
taxes attributable to such class not otherwise assumed by the
Sponsor,\15\ where such income and gains after deduction of such fees,
expenses and taxes is referred to as the class ``Net Investment
Income.'' \16\ The Class Value per Share of each Fund's Up Shares will
have a fixed one-to-one positive linear relationship with such Fund's
Underlying Benchmark (the ``Up Share Index Factor'') and the Class
Value per Share of each Fund's Down Shares will have a fixed one-to-one
inverse linear relationship with such Fund's Underlying Benchmark (the
``Down Share Index Factor'' and together with the Up Share Index
Factor, the ``Share Index Factors''). The Down Share Index Factor will
equal negative one times the Up Share Index Factor. At the inception of
operations of each Fund, the Sponsor will establish such Fund's Share
Index Factors. After any regular or special distribution by a Fund, the
Fund will reset its Share Index Factors--the VIX Fund would have
additional resets to the Share Index Factors as described below. The
payment of cash distributions causes Class Values per Share to be equal
following each such distribution, where the Class Values per Share will
be equal to the lowest Class Value per Share of either class calculated
in determining the distribution.
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\13\ Each Fund will have a Custodian pursuant to appointment by
the AccuShares Trust and the terms of a domestic custodian
agreement. The Custodian will hold each Fund's securities and cash,
and will perform each Fund's Class Value and Class Value per Share
calculations.
\14\ Regarding Eligible Assets, the Funds are designed so that
the cash proceeds from the creation of Paired Class Shares may be
held by a Fund only in Eligible Assets designed to preserve capital
while earning an investment return that is consistent with the
preservation of capital. See 80 FR 9778 at 9780 (AccuShares Order).
\15\ The Sponsor has exclusive management and control of all
aspects of the business of each of the Funds.
\16\ Such accrued income, gains, losses, fees, expenses and
taxes will be allocated to each Share class on a daily basis, where
such allocation is equal to the amount of such accrued income,
gains, losses, fees, expenses and taxes multiplied by a fraction the
numerator of which is the closing Class Value per Share of the
referenced class and the denominator of which is the sum of the
closing Class Values per Share of both classes of the Fund.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
This filing is being made to reflect the change in the Regular
Distribution interval for the Distribution Funds from quarterly to
monthly, to reflect the index changes and name changes of two funds,
and to reflect that the Share Index Factors for the VIX Fund would be
reset on a weekly basis on each Tuesday and the regular distribution
dates would be monthly on each third Tuesday to coincide with a Share
Index Factor reset. Upon operational effectiveness of this proposal,
each such Distribution Fund would, like the VIX Fund currently, engage
in monthly Regular Distributions, the two excess return Funds (Excess
Crude Oil Fund and Excess Natural Gas Fund) would reflect excess
return, and Share Index Factors for the VIX Fund will be reset on a
weekly basis on Tuesday with related changes to the regular monthly
distribution date to the third Tuesday of each month such that
distribution dates coincide with a Share Index Factor reset all as
described in more detail below. The Exchange believes that these
changes will be beneficial to market participants that choose to trade
the Funds.
Monthly Distribution
Rule 5713 does not specify the interval for Regular Distributions.
Rather, Rule 5713 states only that a Fund may engage in ``scheduled
regular distributions''.\17\ The only mention of an interval for
Regular Distributions is in footnote 40 in the AccuShares Proposal,
which states that other than monthly Regular Distributions for VIX Fund
and the Natural Gas Fund, AccuShares ``will engage in quarterly regular
distributions.'' \18\ In this proposal the Exchange proposes to
indicate that the Distribution Funds will have Regular Distributions on
a monthly basis. Thus, the Exchange proposes that each of the
Distribution Funds will, like the VIX Fund and the Natural Gas Fund,
engage in Regular Distributions each calendar month. The Exchange
believes that this proposed change will serve to add an additional
measure of consistency to investors and traders that may want to trade
one or more of the Distribution Funds by themselves or in addition to
the currently-traded VIX Fund, which has monthly Regular
Distributions.\19\
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\17\ See Rule 5713(d).
\18\ See 79 FR 35610 at 35619 (AccuShares Proposal).
\19\ The AccuShares S&P GSCI Spot Fund and the AccuShares S&P
GSCI Agriculture and Livestock Spot Fund would continue to have
Regular Distributions on a quarterly basis. In addition, the
Exchange proposes to change the name of the Crude Oil Fund and the
Natural Gas Fund so that the new names, namely AccuShares S&P GSCI
Crude Oil Excess Return Fund and AccuShares S&P GSCI Natural Gas
Spot Excess Return Fund, more accurately reflect how these funds
will function. The Exchange also proposes to indicate that the Share
Index Factors for the VIX Fund would be reset on a weekly basis on
each Tuesday, and the regular distributions for the VIX Fund would
be made monthly on the third Tuesday rather than monthly on the 15th
so that each monthly distribution date (and each end of a monthly
measuring period) coincides with a Share Index Factor reset. These
changes are described below.
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The Exchange believes that consistency across all Funds (except
AccuShares S&P GSCI Spot Fund and AccuShares S&P GSCI Agriculture and
Livestock Spot Fund) vis-a-vis monthly Regular Distributions will be
helpful to investors and traders. While some may have become aware of
AccuShares and Paired Class Shares when the Exchange filed the
AccuShares Proposal, many more have become aware of AccuShares and its
product offerings with the listing and trading of the first of the
Paired Class Shares products, namely the VIX Fund.\20\ The VIX Fund (as
also the Natural Gas Fund, which is not yet listed and traded) is
currently structured with monthly Regular Distributions. The Exchange
believes that consistency across all Funds (except AccuShares S&P GSCI
Spot Fund and AccuShares S&P GSCI Agriculture and Livestock Spot Fund)
in terms of monthly Regular Distributions would avoid potential
investor confusion, and, as discussed
[[Page 14492]]
below, could be advantageous to market participants. For example, the
proposed monthly distributions could allow investors to redeploy gains
from Up Shares or Down Shares to alternative, non-Fund investments in a
tax efficient manner more frequently than investors could do with
quarterly distributions. In addition, monthly distributions would
better align the changes in the Class Values per Share of both the Up
Shares and the Down Shares with a more current valuation of the
underlying index. Moreover, with the commencement of trading of the VIX
Fund on the Exchange, the Sponsor has received feedback from both
current and potential investors about preferred distribution frequency.
In particular, the majority of these market participants have indicated
to the Sponsor that monthly Regular Distributions would be preferable
to a longer period and would improve both trading and hedging. Monthly
distributions can be more frequently redeployed in a tax efficient
manner into the opposing share class or other positions. Additionally,
for traders or market makers hedging or arbitraging the fund's shares,
monthly distributions and concurrent monthly Share Index Factor
settings will more closely align the funds with the most liquid monthly
futures contracts and other exchange traded products which also employ
a monthly index roll similar to the S&P GSCI commodity indexes.
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\20\ The VIX Fund began trading on May 19, 2015.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Finally, in each instance of a distribution the Sponsor will
continue to post a notice of such event and its details on the
Sponsor's Web site (www.AccuShares.com). The Sponsor has also
represented to the Exchange that each Fund engaging in a Regular
Distribution (or, for that matter, a special distribution, corrective
distribution, or net income distribution) will provide at least three
business days' advance notice (or longer advance notice as may be
required by the Exchange) \21\ of such an event.
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\21\ The Exchange may determine that longer notice is advisable
in some circumstances (e.g., an extended market break).
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Excess Crude Oil Fund and Excess Natural Gas Fund
The Exchange proposes to change the underlying indexes from their
spot variant to their excess return variant and to rename the
AccuShares S&P GSCI Crude Oil Spot Fund to AccuShares S&P GSCI Crude
Oil Excess Return Fund and the AccuShares S&P GSCI Natural Gas Spot
Fund to AccuShares S&P GSCI Natural Gas Excess Return Fund. Market
participants, in particular Authorized Participants \22\ of the
AccuShares Trust and market participants who are expected to act as
liquidity providers for excess return Funds (``liquidity providers''),
have recommended the index change and the related name revision. The
Authorized Participants and liquidity providers have indicated that
market making in the spot variant of the indexes (the current indexes
variant) would require wider bid/offer spreads in comparison to using
the excess return variant of the indexes.\23\ That is, the current spot
variant would require anticipatory hedging, rolls, and the management
of forward contango and backwardation \24\ risk (together ``spot
requirements''), while in contrast these spot requirements are not
important with excess return because they are naturally embedded in the
excess return variant. The excess return variant is an index variant
that is not novel, but rather is one that has been in use and is thus
familiar to market makers and other market participants.\25\ Moreover,
the excess return variant is expected to benefit market participants
through both narrower bid/offer spreads and an increased ability and
proclivity for providing liquidity in all market conditions.\26\ As
such, market participants that choose to trade Pair Class Shares and
benefit from the efficiency and transparency inherent in the product
will also be able to benefit from the more easily traded and hedged
excess return variant.
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\22\ Per note 13 of the AccuShares Order, an Authorized
Participant may place orders to create or redeem one or more
Creation Units, and must be (1) a registered broker-dealer or other
securities market participant such as a bank or other financial
institution which is not required to register as a broker-dealer to
engage in securities transactions, (2) a direct participant in The
Depository Trust Company, and (3) a party to an Authorized
Participant Agreement with the Sponsor setting forth the procedures
for the creation and redemption of Creation Units in a Fund.
\23\ Market participants have indicated that their expected
average holding and reassessment periods would be in the area of two
to eight weeks, and that funds that offer excess return would be
less costly because they would offer narrower bid/offer spreads and
less risk. This would have several positive effects. First,
investors are expected to buy or sell Fund shares concurrent with
each reassessment. Second, such buying or selling is expected to be
cheaper. Third, the narrower bid/offer spreads are expected to
increase liquidity in the Fund shares, thus reducing the risk of
buying or selling across a range of market conditions.
\24\ Contango is normally when a futures price is above the
expected future spot price. Because the futures price must converge
on the expected future spot price, contango implies that futures
prices are falling over time as new information brings them into
line with the expected future spot price. Backwardation is normally
when a futures price is below the expected future spot price and
increases with time. For additional information, see https://www.investopedia.com/articles/07/contango_backwardation.asp.
\25\ Products that use the excess return variant include DBO,
OIL, UCO, UGAZ, and DGAZ. The crude oil products (DBO, OIL, and UCO)
have current assets ranging from $400 to 800 million, and daily
trading volumes ranging from 1 million to 11 million shares. The
natural gas products (UGAZ and DGAZ) have current assets ranging
from $80 million to $300 million, and daily trading volumes ranging
from 4 million to 11 million shares. Other funds seek to track an
excess return variant by transacting directly in the related futures
contracts and some of those funds are larger than those listed.
\26\ Because the excess return variant can be found in standard
indexes used in exchange traded products, market makers are already
accustomed to trading and hedging fund shares based on this variant.
In addition to promoting narrower spreads and added liquidity, the
excess return variant is directly hedgeable with conventional
futures contracts, which contain the cost or benefit of the roll
forward. Because the excess return variant precisely tracks the
prices of the futures that a market maker is expected to use to both
arbitrage and hedge the Fund shares, many more market makers are
expected to engage in trading and arbitrage activities. With the
excess return variant, the rolling effect of the index will be
identical to the rolling performance of a futures hedge; and because
the excess return variant precisely tracks an actual futures
holding, a hedge can essentially remain static throughout a month
and may require rebalancing only on those five days on which the
excess return variant rolls its hypothetical positions. In contrast,
the spot variant would require a more complex daily rebalancing of
the futures hedge. Hedging and arbitraging the spot variant requires
holding a next following futures contract (rather than the current
futures contract) and manually rebalancing the next following
futures contract amount on a daily basis to account for contango or
backwardation between the futures hedge and the spot variant index.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Both the spot variant and the excess return variant are computed
from the same underlying futures contracts at the same point in time.
The difference between the two variants occurs only on 5 trading days:
The 5th through the 9th trading days of each month (the ``five day
period''). During the five day period, each S&P GSCI commodity index
underlying a Fund, whether monthly return or excess return, moves its
reference from the front-month expiry contract to the next following
contract (that is, the futures contract for the next consecutive expiry
month) in five equal installments of twenty percent per day in order to
capture the cost or the benefit from rolling the nearby front-month
expiry contract into the next following expiry contract. In the excess
return variant, the cost or benefit of transacting out of the current
or front-month expiry contract and into the next or following futures
contract is added to (or subtracted from) the index value. In contrast,
in the spot variant this cost or benefit is not added to (or subtracted
from) the index value,\27\ and
[[Page 14493]]
as such, gives rise to needed anticipatory hedging which, based on
feedback from Authorized Participants and market makers, is expected to
result in increased bid/offer spreads.
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\27\ The Sponsor expects more market makers to participate in
the excess return variant because of the reduced market making
complexity. The potential benefits of additional market maker
participation include: (i) The ability of market participants to
transact higher share quantities at tighter bid/offer spreads, and
(ii) more robust and predictable trading prices in fast moving or
volatile markets.
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VIX Fund Share Index Factor and Distribution Date
The Exchange is proposing a periodic resetting of the Share Index
Factors for the VIX Fund where the Share Index Factors reset weekly on
each Tuesday and where the regular distributions for the VIX Fund would
be made monthly on the third Tuesday of the month so that each monthly
distribution date (and each end of a monthly measuring period)
coincides with a Share Index Factor reset.
Currently, after any Regular Distribution or special distribution
by a Fund, a Fund will reset its Share Index Factors. Cash
distributions cause Class Values per Share to be equal following each
such distribution. The lowest Class Value per Share of either class
calculated is used for the Share Index Factor.\28\ The Exchange is
proposing that the resetting of the Share Index Factors for the VIX
Fund not wait for a distribution but rather that [sic] be done on a
more frequent, weekly basis on each Tuesday. In a related change, the
regular distributions for the VIX Fund would be made monthly on the
third Tuesday rather than monthly on the 15th so that each monthly
distribution date and end of each monthly measuring period coincides
with a Share Index Factor reset. The Exchange believes that more
frequent resets of the Share Index Factors for the VIX Fund will be
beneficial to market participants that trade the fund because it will
improve the arbitrage function of the fund's shares by aligning the
setting of the Share Index Factors with the expiry of each weekly VIX
futures contract, and because the Share Index Factor will reset with a
frequency closer to the daily measurements of spot VIX. The weekly VIX
futures began trading in July 2015--approximately two months after the
launch of the VIX Fund. The weekly VIX futures are the preferred
hedging futures contract for spot VIX with both higher correlations to
spot VIX than the monthly contracts, and more timely responsiveness to
changes in spot VIX. Changing the Share Index Factors to a weekly
determination is expected to have two benefits, both of which are
expected to narrow bid/offer spreads and increase trading volumes.
First, the fund shares are expected to be more easily hedged with
shorter duration VIX futures. Aligning the Share Index Factor resets to
the shorter VIX futures would make the fund shares' responsiveness to
VIX better aligned with the preferred hedging instrument. The arbitrage
and hedging of fund shares would be simplified because the settlement
of the shorter VIX futures will be coincidental with each Share Index
Factor reset. That is, the preferred hedge is expected to be rolled on
its expiry cycle by an arbitrageur or hedger, and the expiry cycle will
coincide with each Share Index Factor reset. Second, the improved
hedgeability is expected to bring the trading prices in closer
alignment with fund share class values which are algorithmic and tied
directly to changes in spot VIX.
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\28\ Immediately after each distribution, the fund's exposure
will be reset, and the fund's Class Value per Share for each of its
classes will be set to equal the lowest Class Value per Share of the
two classes of Paired Class Shares. See 80 FR 9778 at 9779
(AccuShares Order).
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As a result of this proposed change, Share Index Factor resetting
will be taking place more frequently to the benefit of market
participants.\29\
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\29\ Share Index Factors would, as now, continue to reset after
any Regular Distribution and special distribution.
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The Exchange believes that all three of the proposed changes will
be beneficial to traders and investors, and that they meet the
requirements of the Act.
The Exchange notes that this proposal makes three changes, as
discussed, to the original AccuShares Order and AccuShares Proposal,
see 80 FR 9778 and 79 FR 35610, and that the representations made in
the original AccuShares Order and AccuShares Proposal remain unchanged.
2. Statutory Basis
The Exchange believes the proposed rule change is consistent with
the Act and the rules and regulations thereunder, including the
requirements of Section 6(b) of the Act.\30\ In particular, the
Exchange believes the proposed rule change is consistent with the
Section 6(b)(5) \31\ requirements that the rules of an exchange be
designed to promote just and equitable principles of trade, to prevent
fraudulent and manipulative acts and practices, to foster cooperation
and coordination with persons engaged in facilitating transactions in
securities, to remove impediments to and to perfect the mechanism for a
free and open market and a national market system, and, in general, to
protect investors and the public interest. The Exchange proposes to
indicate that Regular Distributions of the Distribution Funds will be
done on a monthly rather than on a quarterly basis, to rename two Funds
to reflect excess return rather than spot, and to indicate that Share
Index Factors for the VIX Fund would be reset on a weekly basis on
Tuesday and the regular distributions will occur monthly on the third
Tuesday of each month rather than on the 15th, as discussed. Thus, each
such monthly distribution Fund (and in fact all of the Funds with the
exception of AccuShares S&P GSCI Spot Fund and AccuShares S&P GSCI
Agriculture and Livestock Spot Fund) would engage in monthly Regular
Distributions, and the excess return Funds would be indexed to their
excess return variant and re-named AccuShares S&P GSCI Crude Oil Excess
Return Fund and AccuShares S&P GSCI Natural Gas Excess Return Fund. The
Exchange believes that these proposed changes will be beneficial to
market participants that choose to trade the Funds.
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\30\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b).
\31\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).
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The Exchange believes that consistency across all Funds (except
AccuShares S&P GSCI Spot Fund and AccuShares S&P GSCI Agriculture and
Livestock Spot Fund) vis-[agrave]-vis monthly Regular Distributions
will be helpful to investors and traders. While some may have become
aware of AccuShares and Paired Class Shares when the Exchange filed the
AccuShares proposal, many more have become aware of AccuShares and its
product offerings with the listing and trading of the first of the
Paired Class Shares products, namely the VIX Fund that began trading on
May 19, 2015. The Exchange believes that consistency across Funds as
discussed in terms of monthly Regular Distributions would avoid
potential investor confusion, and, as discussed above, could be
advantageous to market participants. In addition, the Sponsor has heard
from current and potential investors about distribution. In particular,
the majority of these market participants indicated to the Sponsor that
monthly Regular Distributions would be preferable to a longer period
because this would tend to have a positive impact on trading activity
because better alignment with both futures hedges and better alignment
with other exchange traded products would reduce intraday spreads by
being more easily hedged and arbitraged, and more widely traded. This
would help trading price stability and tracking in terms of premiums
and discounts by both overall increasing trading volumes and making
intraday and inter-day trading volumes more consistent, all of which is
expected to contribute to narrower bid/offer spreads and more
predictable fund performance.
[[Page 14494]]
The Exchange believes that, as discussed, re-indexing and renaming
the excess return Funds will be helpful to market participants. The
excess return change is recommended by market participants. The
Authorized Participants and liquidity providers have indicated that
market making in the excess return Funds, as currently reflecting the
spot variant of the index, would require wider bid/offer spreads in
comparison to using the excess return variant of the index.\32\ That
is, the current spot variant would require anticipatory hedging, rolls,
and the management of the spot requirements (e.g., contango and
backwardation risk), while in contrast these spot requirements are not
important with excess return because they are naturally embedded in the
excess return variant.
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\32\ Market participants have indicated that their expected
average holding and reassessment periods would be in the area of two
to eight weeks, and that excess return Funds, with narrower bid/
offer spreads--which are advantageous to market participants--would
be preferred.
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The Exchange notes that in each instance of a distribution the
Sponsor will post a notice of such event and its details on the
Sponsor's Web site (www.AccuShares.com). The Sponsor has also
represented to the Exchange that each Fund engaging in a Regular
Distribution (or, for that matter, a special distribution, corrective
distribution, or net income distribution) will provide at least three
business days' advance notice (or longer advance notice as may be
required by the Exchange) \33\ of such an event.
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\33\ The Exchange may determine that longer notice is advisable
in some circumstances (e.g., an extended market break).
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The Exchange believes that, as discussed, more frequent resetting
of the Share Index Factors will likewise be beneficial to market
participants. The Exchange is proposing that the resetting of the Share
Index Factors for the VIX Fund not have to wait for a Regular or
special distribution but rather be done on a more frequent, weekly
basis on each Tuesday. More frequent resets of the Share Index Factors
for the VIX Fund will be beneficial to market participants that trade
the fund because it will improve the arbitrage function of the fund's
shares by aligning the setting of the Share Index Factors with the
expiry of each weekly VIX futures contract, and because the Share Index
Factor will reset with a frequency closer to the daily measurements of
spot VIX. The weekly VIX futures are the preferred hedging futures with
both higher correlations to spot VIX than the monthly contracts, and
more timely responsiveness to changes in spot VIX. Changing the Share
Index Factors to a weekly determination is expected to have several
advantages for market participants: Narrower bid/offer spreads and
increased trading volumes; fund shares more easily hedged with shorter
VIX futures; and improved hedgeability that should bring the trading
prices in closer alignment with fund share class values which are
algorithmic and tied directly to changes in spot VIX.
B. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement on Burden on Competition
The Exchange does not believe that the proposed rule change will
impose any burden on competition that is not necessary or appropriate
in furtherance of the purposes of the Act. The Exchange does not
believe that the proposed rule change will have any impact on
competition. The proposed rule change will achieve better consistency
for the Funds of the Trust as discussed regarding the timing of Regular
Distributions. The proposed rule change will have certain indexes
changed from the spot variant to the excess return variant of such
indexes, and will rename two of the Funds to reflect that these excess
return Funds will use the excess return variant of the index underlying
the Funds rather the current index variant that is based on spot. The
proposed rule change will increase the frequency of Share Index Factor
resets for the VIX Fund to occur weekly on each Tuesday, and will make
a corresponding change to monthly distribution dates to the third
Tuesday of each month such that a monthly distribution coincides with a
weekly Share Index Factor reset. The Exchange believes that while these
changes may not directly impact competition, they will be helpful for
market participants.
C. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement on Comments on the Proposed
Rule Change Received From Members, Participants, or Others
Written comments were neither solicited nor received.
III. Date of Effectiveness of the Proposed Rule Change and Timing for
Commission Action
Within 45 days of the date of publication of this notice in the
Federal Register or within such longer period up to 90 days (i) as the
Commission may designate if it finds such longer period to be
appropriate and publishes its reasons for so finding or (ii) as to
which the Exchange consents, the Commission shall: (a) By order approve
or disapprove such proposed rule change, or (b) institute proceedings
to determine whether the proposed rule change should be disapproved.
IV. Solicitation of Comments
Interested persons are invited to submit written data, views, and
arguments concerning the foregoing, including whether the proposed rule
change is consistent with the Act. Comments may be submitted by any of
the following methods:
Electronic Comments
Use the Commission's Internet comment form (https://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml); or
Send an email to rule-comments@sec.gov. Please include
File Number SR-NASDAQ-2016-034 on the subject line.
Paper Comments
Send paper comments in triplicate to Secretary, Securities
and Exchange Commission, 100 F Street, NE., Washington, DC 20549-1090.
All submissions should refer to File Number SR-NASDAQ-2016-034. This
file number should be included on the subject line if email is used. To
help the Commission process and review your comments more efficiently,
please use only one method. The Commission will post all comments on
the Commission's Internet Web site (https://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml). Copies of the submission, all subsequent amendments, all
written statements with respect to the proposed rule change that are
filed with the Commission, and all written communications relating to
the proposed rule change between the Commission and any person, other
than those that may be withheld from the public in accordance with the
provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be available for Web site viewing and
printing in the Commission's Public Reference Room, 100 F Street NE.,
Washington, DC 20549, on official business days between the hours of
10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. Copies of the filing also will be available
for inspection and copying at the principal office of the Exchange. All
comments received will be posted without change; the Commission does
not edit personal identifying information from submissions. You should
submit only information that you wish to make available publicly. All
submissions should refer to File Number SR-NASDAQ-2016-034 and should
be submitted on or before April 7, 2016.
[[Page 14495]]
For the Commission, by the Division of Trading and Markets,
pursuant to delegated authority.\34\
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\34\ 17 CFR 200.30-3(a)(12).
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Lynn M. Powalski,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2016-05977 Filed 3-16-16; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011-01-P