Self-Regulatory Organizations; Chicago Board Options Exchange, Incorporated; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of a Proposed Rule Change Relating To Adopting a Principles-Based Approach To Prohibit the Misuse of Material Nonpublic Information by Designated Primary Market-Makers (“DPMs”) and Lead Market-Makers (“LMMs”), 7609-7613 [2016-02841]
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Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 29 / Friday, February 12, 2016 / Notices
For the Commission, by the Division of
Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated
authority.43
Robert W. Errett,
Deputy Secretary.
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
[Release No. 34–77081; File No. SR–CBOE–
2016–007]
Self-Regulatory Organizations;
Chicago Board Options Exchange,
Incorporated; Notice of Filing and
Immediate Effectiveness of a Proposed
Rule Change Relating To Adopting a
Principles-Based Approach To Prohibit
the Misuse of Material Nonpublic
Information by Designated Primary
Market-Makers (‘‘DPMs’’) and Lead
Market-Makers (‘‘LMMs’’)
February 8, 2016.
Pursuant to section 19(b)(1) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the
‘‘Act’’),1 and Rule 19b–4 thereunder,2
notice is hereby given that on February
1, 2016, Chicago Board Options
Exchange, Incorporated (the ‘‘Exchange’’
or ‘‘CBOE’’) filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission (the
‘‘Commission’’) the proposed rule
change as described in Items I, II, and
III below, which Items have been
prepared by the Exchange. The
Exchange filed the proposal as a ‘‘noncontroversial’’ proposed rule change
pursuant to section 19(b)(3)(A)(iii) of the
Act 3 and Rule 19b–4(f)(6) thereunder.4
The Commission is publishing this
notice to solicit comments on the
proposed rule change from interested
persons.
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I. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Terms of Substance of
the Proposed Rule Change
The text of the proposed rule change
is available on the Exchange’s Web site
(https://www.cboe.com/AboutCBOE/
CBOELegalRegulatoryHome.aspx), at
the Exchange’s Office of the Secretary,
and at the Commission’s Public
Reference Room.
II. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
Change
In its filing with the Commission, the
Exchange included statements
43 17
CFR 200.30–3(a)(12).
U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
2 17 CFR 240.19b–4.
3 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(3)(A)(iii).
4 17 CFR 240.19b–4(f)(6).
1 15
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Background
The Exchange has three classes of
registered Market-Makers. Pursuant to
Rule 8.1, a Market-Maker is an
individual TPH or TPH organization
that is registered with the Exchange for
the purpose of making transactions as a
dealer-specialist on the Exchange. All
Market-Makers are subject to the
requirements of Rule 8.7, which set
forth the obligations of Market-Makers,
including quoting activity.
Rule 8.85 outlines the obligations of
DPM’s, which, in addition to the
Market-Maker obligations of Rule 8.7,
must fulfill a number of increased
obligations including providing
continuous electronic quotes, assuring
that each of the displayed market
quotations is honored, and complying
heightened with bid/ask differential
requirements.5
Rule 8.15 states that the Exchange
may appoint, in an option class for
which a DPM has not been appointed,
one or more Market-Makers in good
standing as LMMs and Supplemental
Market-Makers (‘‘SMMs’’) to participate
in opening rotation procedures for
Hybrid 3.0 classes and/or to determine
a formula for generating updated market
quotations during the trading day.
LMM’s in Hybrid 3.0 classes are
obligated to quote a firm two-sided
market of sufficient size to
accommodate a relatively active
opening within the bid/ask differential
requirements determined by the
Exchange.
Rule 8.15A states the Exchange may
appoint one or more Market-Makers in
good standing with an appointment in
a Hybrid-Trading system option class
for which a DPM has not been
appointed as LMMs. Much like DPMs
LMMs in Hybrid Classes are subject to
increased obligations that include
providing continuous electronic quotes
that comply with the bid/ask differential
requirements determined by the
Exchange.
Pursuant to Rules 8.15B and 8.87, the
exchange may establish participation
entitlements for LMM’s and DPMs
appointed pursuant to the
aforementioned Rules. DPM’s and
LMM’s must meet specific obligations
prior to being awarded a participation
entitlements [sic].
Whether operating on the CBOE
Trading Floor or from a remote location,
all Market-Makers, including DPMs and
LMMs, have access to the same
information in the Consolidated Book
that is available to all other market
participants. Moreover, none of the
Exchange’s Market-Makers have agency
obligations to the Exchange’s Order
Book. As such, the primary distinctions
between Market-Makers and DPMs and
LMMs are the increased quoting
requirements and allocation
entitlements.
Despite the fact that Market-Makers,
DPMs and LMMs have access to the
same trading information as all other
market participants on the Exchange,
the Exchange has distinct rules
governing how DPMs and LMMs may
operate. Rule 8.91(a) specifies that a
DPM shall maintain information barriers
that are reasonably designed to prevent
the misuse of material, nonpublic
information with any affiliates that may
conduct a brokerage business in option
classes allocated to the DPM or act as a
5 Compare Rule 8.85(a)(i) (‘‘[Each DPM shall]
provide continuous electronic quotes . . . in at
least 99% of the non-adjusted options series or
100% of the non-adjusted option series minus one
call-put pair . . .’’) with Rule 8.7(d)(ii)(B) (‘‘A
[FR Doc. 2016–02838 Filed 2–11–16; 8:45 am]
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7609
Market-Maker will be required to maintain
continuous electronic quotes . . . in 60% of the
non-adjusted option series of the Market-Maker’s
appointed classes that have a time to expiration of
less than nine months.’’).
concerning the purpose of and basis for
the proposed rule change and discussed
any comments it received on the
proposed rule change. The text of these
statements may be examined at the
places specified in Item IV below. The
Exchange has prepared summaries, set
forth in sections A, B, and C below, of
the most significant aspects of such
statements.
A. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
Change
1. Purpose
The Exchange proposes to adopt a
principles-based approach to prohibit
the misuse of material, nonpublic
information by DPMs and LMMs by
deleting Rule 8.91, sub-paragraph (b)(5)
of Rule 8.15 and paragraph(b)(vii) of
Rule 8.15A. In so doing, the Exchange
would harmonize its rules related to the
preventing the misuse of material,
nonpublic information for every Trading
Permit Holder (‘‘TPH’’). The Exchange
believes that Rule 8.91, Rule 8.15(b)(5)
and Rule 8.15A(b)(vii) are no longer
necessary because all TPH, including
DPMs and LMMs are subject to the
Exchange’s general principles-based
requirements governing the protection
against misuse of material, nonpublic
information, pursuant to Rule 4.18
(Prevention of the Misuse of Material,
Nonpublic Information), which obviates
the need for separately prescribed
requirements for a subset of market
participants on the Exchange.
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specialist or market-maker in any
security underlying options allocated to
the DPM. Rule 8.91 also requires a DPM
provide its information barriers to the
Exchange and obtain prior written
approval.
Rule 8.15(b)(5) requires LMMs in
Hybrid 3.0 classes maintain information
barriers that are reasonably designed to
prevent the misuse of material,
nonpublic information with any
affiliates that may conduct a brokerage
business in option classes allocated to
the LMM or act as specialist or MarketMaker in any security underlying
options allocated to the LMM. Rule
8.15A(b)(vii) similarly requires LMMs in
Hybrid classes maintain information
barriers that are reasonably designed to
prevent the misuse of material,
nonpublic information with any
affiliates that may conduct a brokerage
business in option classes allocated to
the LMM or act as specialist or MarketMaker in any security underlying
options allocated to the LMM. Neither
Rule 8.15 nor 8.15A require the prior
Exchange approval of information
barriers outlined in Rule 8.91.
Proposed Rule Change
The Exchange believes the
particularized guidelines in Rules, 8.91,
8.15(b)(5) and 8.15A(b)(vii) for DPMs,
LMMs in Hybrid 3.0 classes, and LMMs
in Hybrid classes, respectively, are no
longer necessary and proposes to delete
them. Rather, the Exchange believes that
Rule 4.18, governing the misuse of
material, nonpublic information
provides for an appropriate, principlesbased approach to prevent the type of
market abuses Rules 8.91, 8.15(b)(5) and
8.15A(b)(vii) are designed to address.
Specifically, Rule 4.18 requires every
TPH shall establish, maintain and
enforce written policies and procedures
reasonably designed, taking into
consideration the nature of such TPH’s
business, to prevent the misuse, in
violation of the Exchange Act and
Exchange Rules, of material, nonpublic
information by such TPH or persons
associated with such TPH. For the
purposes of this Rule, conduct
constituting the misuse of material,
nonpublic information in violation of
the Exchange Act and Exchange Rules
includes, but is not limited to, the
following:
(a) Trading in any securities issued by
a corporation, partnership, Trust Issued
Receipts or Units (as defined in
Exchange Rules) or a trust or similar
entities, or in any related securities or
related options or other derivative
securities, or in any related non-U.S.
currency options, futures or options on
futures on such currency, or any other
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17:38 Feb 11, 2016
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derivatives based on such currency, or
in any related commodity, related
commodity futures or options on
commodity futures or in any related
commodity derivatives, while in
possession of material, nonpublic
information concerning that
corporation, partnership, Trust Issued
Receipts, or those Units, or that trust or
similar entities;
(b) Trading in an underlying security
or related options or other derivative
securities, or in any related non-U.S.
currency, non-U.S. currency options,
futures or options on futures on such
currency, or in any related commodity,
related commodity futures or options on
commodity futures or any other related
commodities derivatives, or any other
derivatives based on such currency
while in possession of material
nonpublic information concerning
imminent transactions in the above; and
(c) Disclosing to another person or
entity any material, nonpublic
information involving a corporation,
partnership, Trust Issued Receipts, or
Units or a trust or similar entities whose
shares are publicly traded or an
imminent transactions in an underlying
security or related securities or in the
underlying non-U.S. currency of any
related non-U.S. currency options,
futures or options on futures on such
currency, or any other derivatives based
on such currency, or in any related
commodity, related commodity futures
or options on commodity futures or any
other related commodity derivatives, for
the purpose of facilitating the possible
misuse of such material, nonpublic
information.
Because DPMs and LMMs are already
subject to the requirements of Rule 4.18,
the Exchange does not believe that it is
necessary to separately require specific
limitations on dealings between DPMs
and LMMs and affiliates. Deleting Rules
8.91, 8.15(b)(5) and 8.15A(b)(vii) would
provide DPMs and LMMs with the
flexibility to adapt their policies and
procedures as appropriate to reflect
changes to their business model,
business activities, or the securities
market in a manner similar to how
Market-Makers on the Exchange
currently operate consistent with Rule
4.18.
As noted above, DPMs and LMMs are
distinguished under Exchange Rules
from other types of Market-Makers only
to the extent that they have certain
heightened obligations and potential
allocation entitlements. However, none
of these heightened obligations provides
different or greater access to nonpublic
information than any other market
participant on the Exchange.
Specifically, whether on the CBOE
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Trading Floor or remotely, neither
DPMs nor LMMs on the Exchange have
access to trading information provided
by the Exchange, either at, or prior to,
the point of execution, that is not made
available to all other market participants
on the Exchange in a similar manner.
Further, as noted above, DPMs and
LMMs on the Exchange do not have any
agency responsibilities for orders in the
Order Book. Accordingly, because DPMs
and LMMs do not have any trading
advantages at the Exchange due to their
market role, the Exchange believes that
they should be subject to the same rules
regarding the prevention of the misuse
of material, nonpublic information,
specifically Rule 4.18.6
The Exchange notes that its proposed
approach to use a principles-based
approach to protecting against the
misuse of material nonpublic
information for all of its registered
Market-Makers is consistent with
recently filed rule changes for NYSE
MKT, LLC on behalf of NYSE Amex
Options, International Securities
Exchange, LLC (‘‘ISE’’) and BOX
Options Exchange, LLC (‘‘BOX’’).7 The
proposed approach is also consistent
with approved rule changes for NYSE
Arca Equities Inc. (‘‘NYSE Arca’’), BATS
Exchange Inc. (‘‘BATS’’) and New York
Stock Exchange, LLC (‘‘NYSE’’) rules
governing cash equity Market-Makers on
those respective exchanges.8 Except for
6 The Exchange notes that by deleting Rule 8.91,
the Exchange would no longer require specific
information barriers for DPMs or require preapproval of any information barriers that a DPM
would erect for purposes of protecting against the
misuse of material nonpublic information.
However, as is the case today with Market-Makers,
information barriers of new entrants, including new
DPMs, would be subject to review as part of a new
firm application. Moreover, the policies and
procedures of DPMs and LMMs, including those
relating to information barriers, would be subject to
review by FINRA, on behalf of the Exchange,
pursuant to a Regulatory Services Agreement.
7 See Securities Exchange Act Release Nos. 75432
(July 13, 2015), 80 FR 42597 (July 17, 2015) (Order
Approving Adopting a Principles-Based Approach
to Prohibit the Misuse of Material Nonpublic
Information by Specialists and e-Specialists by
Deleting Rule 927.3NY and Section (f) of Rule
927.5NY); 75792 (August 31, 2015), 80 FR 53606
(September 4, 2015) (SR–ISE–2015–26) (Notice of
Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of Proposed
Rule Change Adopting a Principles-Based Approach
to Prohibit the Misuse of Material, non-public
Information by Market Makers by Deleting Rule
810); 75916 (September 14, 2015), 80 FR 56503
(September 18, 2015) (SR–BOX–2015–31) (Notice of
Filing and immediate Effectiveness of Proposed
Rule Change to Adopt a Principles-based Approach
to Prohibit the Misuse of Material Nonpublic
Information by Market Makers).
8 See Securities Exchange Act Release Nos. 60604
(Sept. 2, 2009), 76 FR 46272 (Sept. 8, 2009) (SR–
NYSEArca–2009–78) (Order approving elimination
of NYSE Arca rule that required market makers to
establish and maintain specifically prescribed
information barriers, including discussion of NYSE
Arca and Nasdaq rules) (‘‘Arca Approval Order’’);
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prescribed rules relating to floor-based
designated Market-Makers on the NYSE,
who have access to specified nonpublic
trading information, each of these
exchanges have moved to a principlesbased approach to protecting against the
misuse of material, nonpublic
information. In connection with
approving those rule changes, the
Commission found that eliminating
redundant information barrier
requirements should not reduce the
effectiveness of exchange rules requiring
its members or participants to establish
and maintain systems to supervise the
activities of its members, including
written procedures reasonably designed
to ensure compliance with applicable
federal securities law and regulations,
and with the rules of the applicable
exchange.9
The Exchange notes that even with
this proposed rule change, pursuant to
Rule 4.18, a DPM or LMM would still
be obligated to ensure that its policies
and procedures reflect the current state
of its business and continue to be
reasonably designed to prevent the
misuse of material, nonpublic
information. While information barriers
would not specifically be required
under the proposal, Rule 4.18 already
requires that a TPH consider the nature
of the TPH’s business in structuring its
policies and procedures, which may
dictate that an information barrier or a
functional separation be part of the
appropriate set of policies and
procedures that would be reasonably
designed to achieve compliance with
applicable securities law and
regulations, and with applicable
Exchange rules.
The Exchange is not proposing to
change what is considered to be
material, non-public information and,
thus does not expect there to be any
changes to the types of information that
an affiliated brokerage business of a
market maker could share with such
market maker. In that regard, the
proposed rule change will not permit
the brokerage unit of a TPH firm to have
access to any non-public order or quote
information of affiliated market maker,
61574 (Feb. 23, 2010), 75 FR 9455 (Mar. 2, 2010)
(SR–BATS–2010–003) (Order approving
amendments to BATS Rule 5.5 to move to a
principles-based approach to protecting against the
misuse of material, non-public information, and
noting that the proposed change is consistent with
the approaches of NYSE Arca and Nasdaq) (‘‘BATS
Approval Order’’); and 72534 (July 3, 2014), 79 FR
39440 (July 10, 2014), SR–NYSE–2014–12) (Order
approving amendments to NYSE Rule 98 governing
designated market makers to move to a principlesbased approach to prohibit the misuse of material
non-public information) (‘‘NYSE Approval Order’’).
9 See, e.g., BATS Approval Order, supra note 4 at
9458.
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17:38 Feb 11, 2016
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including hidden or undisplayed orders
and quotes on the Exchange. TPHs do
not expect to receive any additional
order or quote information as a result of
this proposed rule change.
Further, the Exchange does not
believe that there will be any material
change to TPH information barriers as a
result of removal of the Exchange’s preapproval requirements for DPMs. In fact,
the Exchange anticipates that
eliminating the pre-approval
requirement should facilitate
implementation of changes to TPH
information barriers as necessary to
protect against the misuse of material,
non-public information. The Exchange
also suggests that the pre-approval
requirement is unnecessary because
DPMs do not have agency
responsibilities to the book. However, as
is the case today with market makers,
information barriers of new entrants
would be subject to review as part of a
new firm application. Moreover, the
policies and procedures of market
makers, including those relating to
information barriers would be subject to
review by FINRA, on behalf of the
Exchange, pursuant to a Regulatory
Services Agreement.
The Exchange further notes that under
Rule 4.18, a TPH would be able [sic]
would be able to structure its firm to
provide for its options DPMs or LMMs,
as applicable, to be structured with its
equities and customer-facing businesses,
provided that any such structuring
would be done in a manner reasonably
designed to protect against the misuse of
material, nonpublic information. For
example, pursuant to Rule 4.18, a DPM
on the Exchange could be in the same
independent trading unit, a defined in
Rule 200(f) of Regulation SHO,10 as an
equities Market-Maker and other trading
desks within the firm, including options
trading desks, so that the firm could
share post-trade information to better
manage its risk across related securities.
The Exchange believes it is appropriate,
and consistent with Rule 4.18 and
section 15(g) of the Act 11 for a firm to
share options position and related
hedging position information (e.g.,
equities, futures, and foreign currency)
within a firm to better manage risk on
a firm-wide basis. The Exchange notes,
however, that if so structured, a firm
would need to have appropriate policies
and procedures, including information
barriers as applicable, to protect against
the misuse of material non-public
information, and specifically customer
information consistent with Rule 4.18.
The Exchange further notes that Federal
10 17
11 15
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CFR part 242.200(f).
U.S.C. 78o(g).
Frm 00115
Fmt 4703
rules supersede Exchange rules in the
event of any conflicts regarding the
misuse of material non-public
information.
The Exchange believes that the
proposed reliance on the principlesbased Rule 4.18 would ensure that a
TPH that operates a DPM or LMM
would be required to protect against the
misuse of any material nonpublic
information. As noted above, Rule 4.18
already requires that firms refrain from
trading while in possession of material
nonpublic information concerning
imminent transactions in a security or
related product. The Exchange believes
that moving to a principles-based
approach rather than prescribing how
and when to wall off a DPM or LMM
from the rest of the firm would provide
TPH operating DPMs or LMMs with
appropriate tools to better manage risk
across a firm, including integrating
options positions with other positions of
the firm or, as applicable, by the
respective independent trading unit.
Specifically, the Exchange believes that
it is appropriate for risk management
purposes for a TPH operating a DPM or
LMM to be able to consider both DPM/
LMM traded-positions for the purposes
of calculating net positions consistent
with Rule 200 of Regulation SHO,12
calculating intra-day net capital
positions, and managing risk both
generally as well as in compliance with
Rule 15c3–5 under the Act (the ‘‘Market
Access Rule’’).13 The Exchange notes
that any risk management operations
would need to operate consistent with
the requirement to protect against the
misuse of material non-public
information.
The Exchange further notes that if
DPMs or LMMs are integrated with
other Market-Making operations, they
would be subject to existing rules that
prohibit TPH from disadvantaging their
customers or other market participants
by improperly capitalizing of a TPH
organization’s access to the receipt of
material nonpublic information. As
such, a TPH organization that integrates
its DPM or LMM operations together
with equity Market-Making, would need
to protect customer information
consistent with existing obligations to
protect such information. The Exchange
has rules prohibiting TPHs from
disadvantaging their customers or other
market participants by improperly
capitalizing on the TPH’s access to or
receipt of material nonpublic
information. For example, Rule 4.24(e)
requires Each TPH shall establish,
maintain, and enforce written
12 17
13 17
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CFR part 240.15c3–5.
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supervisory procedures reasonably
designed to prevent and detect
violations of applicable securities laws
and regulations, and applicable
Exchange rules. Additionally Rule 6.9(e)
prevents a TPH or person associated
with a TPH, who has knowledge of all
material terms and conditions of an
original order and a solicited order,
including a facilitation order, to enter,
based on such knowledge, an order to
buy or sell an option of the same class
as an option that is the subject of the
original order, or an order to buy or sell
the security underlying such class, or an
order to buy or sell any related
instrument unless certain circumstances
are met.
2. Statutory Basis
The Exchange believes the proposed
rule change is consistent with the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the
‘‘Act’’) and the rules and regulations
thereunder applicable to the Exchange
and, in particular, the requirements of
section 6(b) of the Act.14 Specifically,
the Exchange believes the proposed rule
change is consistent with the section
6(b)(5) 15 requirements that the rules of
an exchange be designed to prevent
fraudulent and manipulative acts and
practices, to promote just and equitable
principles of trade, to foster cooperation
and coordination with persons engaged
in regulating, clearing, settling,
processing information with respect to,
and facilitating transactions in
securities, to remove impediments to
and perfect the mechanism of a free and
open market and a national market
system, and, in general, to protect
investors and the public interest.
Additionally, the Exchange believes the
proposed rule change is consistent with
the section 6(b)(5) 16 requirement that
the rules of an exchange not be designed
to permit unfair discrimination between
customers, issuers, brokers, or dealers.
In particular, the Exchange believes
that the proposed rule change would
remove impediments to and perfect the
mechanism of a free and open market by
adopting a principles-based approach to
permit a TPH operating a DPM or LMM
to maintain and enforce policies and
procedures to, among other things,
prohibit the misuse of material
nonpublic information. The proposed
rule change would further eliminate
restrictions on how a TPH structures its
DPM and LMM operations. The
Exchange notes that the proposed rule
change is based on an approved rule of
the Exchange to which DPMs and LMMs
14 15
15 15
U.S.C. 78f(b).
U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).
16 Id.
VerDate Sep<11>2014
are already subject-Rule 4.18-and
harmonizes the rules governing DPMs,
LMMs and Market-Makers. Moreover,
TPH operating DPMs and LMMs would
continue to be subject to federal and
Exchange requirements for protecting
material nonpublic order information.17
The Exchange believes that the
proposed rule change would remove
impediments to and perfect the
mechanism of a free and open market
because it would harmonize the
Exchange’s approach to protecting
against the misuse of material nonpublic
information and no longer subject DPMs
and LMMs to redundant requirements.
The Exchange does not believe that the
existing requirements applicable to
DPMs and LMMs are narrowly tailored
to their respective roles because neither
market participant has access to
Exchange trading information in a
manner different from any other market
participant on the Exchange and they do
not have agency responsibilities to the
Order Book.
The Exchange further believes the
proposal is designed to prevent
fraudulent and manipulative acts and
practices and to promote just and
equitable principles of trade because
existing rules make clear to all TPH the
type of conduct that is prohibited by the
Exchange. While the proposal
eliminates certain requirements relating
to the misuse of material nonpublic
information, DPMs, LMMs and all other
TPH would remain subject to existing
Exchange rules requiring them to
establish and maintain systems to
supervise their activities, and to create,
implement, and maintain written
procedures that are reasonably designed
to comply with applicable securities
laws and Exchange rules, including the
prohibition on the misuse of material
nonpublic information.
The Exchange notes that the proposed
rule change would still require that a
TPH operating DPMs and LMMs
maintain and enforce policies and
procedures designed to ensure
compliance with applicable federal
securities laws and regulations and with
Exchange rules. Even thought there
would no longer be pre-approval of
DPM information barriers, and DPM or
LMM written policies and procedures
would continue to be subject to
oversight by the Exchange and therefore
the elimination of specific restrictions
should not reduce the effectiveness of
the Exchange rules to protect against the
misuse of material nonpublic
information. Rather, TPH will be able to
utilize a flexible, principles-based
approach to modify their policies and
17 See
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Sfmt 4703
procedures as appropriate to reflect
changes to their business model,
business activities, or to the securities
market itself. Moreover, while specified
information barriers may no longer be
required, a TPH’s business model or
business activities may dictate that an
information barrier or functional
separation be part of the appropriate set
of policies and procedures that would
be reasonably designed to achieve
compliance with applicable securities
laws and regulations, and with
applicable Exchange rules. The
Exchange therefore believes that the
proposed rule change will maintain the
existing protection of investors and the
public interest that is currently
applicable to DPM’s and LMM’s, while
at the same time removing impediments
to and perfecting a free and open market
by moving to a principles-based
approach to protect against the misuse
of material nonpublic information.
B. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement on Burden on Competition
CBOE does not believe that the
proposed rule change will impose any
burden on competition that is not
necessary or appropriate in furtherance
of the purposes of the Act. To the
contrary, the Exchange believes that the
proposal will enhance competition by
allowing DPMs and LMMs to comply
with applicable Exchange rules in a
manner best suited to their business
models, business activities and the
securities markets, thus reducing
regulatory burdens while still ensuring
compliance with applicable securities
laws and regulations and Exchange
rules. The Exchange believes that the
proposal will foster a fair and orderly
marketplace without being overly
burdensome upon DPMs and LMMs.
Moreover, the Exchange believes that
the proposed rule change would
eliminate a burden on competition for
TPH which currently exists as a result
of disparate rule treatment between the
options and equities markets regarding
how to protect against the misuse of
material, nonpublic information. For
those TPH that are also members of
equities exchanges their respective
equity Market-Maker operations are now
subject to a principles-based approach
to protecting against the misuse of
material nonpublic information. The
Exchange believes it would remove a
burden on competition to enable TPH to
similarly apply a principles-based
approach to protecting against the
misuse of material nonpublic
information in the options space. To
this end, the Exchange notes that Rule
4.18 still requires a TPH that operates as
a Market-Maker on the Exchange,
E:\FR\FM\12FEN1.SGM
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Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 29 / Friday, February 12, 2016 / Notices
including a DPM or LMM, to evaluate
its business to assure that its policies
and procedures are reasonably designed
to protect against the misuse of material,
non-public information. However, with
this proposed rule change, a TPH that
trades equities and options could look at
its firm more holistically to structure its
operations in a manner that provides it
with better tools to manage risks across
multiple security classes, while at the
same time protecting against the misuse
of material nonpublic information.
C. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement on Comments on the
Proposed Rule Change Received From
Members, Participants, or Others
The Exchange neither solicited nor
received comments on the proposed
rule change.
III. Date of Effectiveness of the
Proposed Rule Change and Timing for
Commission Action
Because the foregoing proposed rule
change does not:
A. Significantly affect the protection
of investors or the public interest;
B. impose any significant burden on
competition; and
C. become operative for 30 days from
the date on which it was filed, or such
shorter time as the Commission may
designate, it has become effective
pursuant to section 19(b)(3)(A) of the
Act 18 and Rule 19b–4(f)(6) 19
thereunder. At any time within 60 days
of the filing of the proposed rule change,
the Commission summarily may
temporarily suspend such rule change if
it appears to the Commission that such
action is necessary or appropriate in the
public interest, for the protection of
investors, or otherwise in furtherance of
the purposes of the Act. If the
Commission takes such action, the
Commission will institute proceedings
to determine whether the proposed rule
change should be approved or
disapproved.
asabaliauskas on DSK9F6TC42PROD with NOTICES2
IV. Solicitation of Comments
Interested persons are invited to
submit written data, views, and
arguments concerning the foregoing,
including whether the proposed rule
change is consistent with the Act.
Comments may be submitted by any of
the following methods:
• Send an email to rule-comments@
sec.gov. Please include File Number SR–
CBOE–2016–007 on the subject line.
Paper Comments
• Send paper comments in triplicate
to Secretary, Securities and Exchange
Commission, 100 F Street NE.,
Washington, DC 20549–1090.
All submissions should refer to File
Number SR–CBOE–2016–007. This file
number should be included on the
subject line if email is used. To help the
Commission process and review your
comments more efficiently, please use
only one method. The Commission will
post all comments on the Commission’s
Internet Web site (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml). Copies of the
submission, all subsequent
amendments, all written statements
with respect to the proposed rule
change that are filed with the
Commission, and all written
communications relating to the
proposed rule change between the
Commission and any person, other than
those that may be withheld from the
public in accordance with the
provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be
available for Web site viewing and
printing in the Commission’s Public
Reference Room, 100 F Street NE.,
Washington, DC 20549 on official
business days between the hours of
10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. Copies of the
filing also will be available for
inspection and copying at the principal
office of the Exchange. All comments
received will be posted without change;
the Commission does not edit personal
identifying information from
submissions. You should submit only
information that you wish to make
available publicly. All submissions
should refer to File Number SR–CBOE–
2016–007 and should be submitted on
or before March 4, 2016.
For the Commission, by the Division of
Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated
authority.20
Robert W. Errett,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2016–02841 Filed 2–11–16; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
Electronic Comments
• Use the Commission’s Internet
comment form (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml); or
18 15
19 17
U.S.C. 78s(b)(3)(A).
CFR 240.19b–4(f)(6).
VerDate Sep<11>2014
17:38 Feb 11, 2016
Jkt 238001
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
[Release No. 34–77079; File No. SR–ICC–
2016–002]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; ICE
Clear Credit LLC; Notice of Filing, as
Modified by Amendment No. 1 Thereto,
of Proposed Rule Change To Provide
for the Clearance of Certain AsiaPacific Credit Default Swap Contracts
February 8, 2016.
Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
(‘‘Act’’) 1 and Rule 19b–4 thereunder,2
notice is hereby given that on January
27, 2016, ICE Clear Credit LLC (‘‘ICC’’)
filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission (‘‘Commission’’) a
proposed rule change to adopt new
rules that will provide the basis for ICC
to clear certain Asia-Pacific credit
default swap (‘‘CDS’’) contracts, as
described in Items I, II, and III below,
which Items have been prepared
primarily by ICC. On January 29, 2016,
ICC filed Amendment No. 1 to the
proposal.3 The Commission is
publishing this notice, as modified by
Amendment No. 1, to solicit comments
on the proposed rule change, from
interested persons.
I. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Terms of Substance of
the Proposed Rule Change
ICC is proposing an amendment to its
previously submitted proposed rule
change to adopt new rules that will
provide the basis for ICC to clear certain
Asia-Pacific CDS contracts. Specifically,
ICC proposed to amend Chapter 26 of
the ICC Rulebook (‘‘ICC Rules’’) to add
Subchapters 26J and 26L to provide for
the clearance of iTraxx Asia/Pacific CDS
contracts (‘‘iTraxx Asia/Pacific
Contracts’’) and Standard Asia/Pacific
Sovereign CDS contracts (‘‘SAS
Contracts’’, collectively with iTraxx
Asia/Pacific Contracts ‘‘Asia-Pacific
CDS Contracts’’). Additionally, ICC
proposed to amend the ICC End-of-Day
Price Discovery Policies and Procedures
to add two additional pricing windows
to accommodate the submission of endof-day prices relating to such AsiaPacific CDS Contracts. Finally, ICC
proposed to amend the ICC Risk
Management Framework to include the
risk horizon utilized for instruments
traded during Asia-Pacific hours and to
1 15
U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
CFR 240.19b–4.
3 In Amendment No. 1, ICC deleted a factual error
in the originally filed proposal that stated that no
changes would be made to ICC’s Risk Management
Framework. Amendment No. 1 amends and
replaces the original filing in its entirety.
2 17
20 17
PO 00000
CFR 200.30–3(a)(12).
Frm 00117
Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
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E:\FR\FM\12FEN1.SGM
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Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 81, Number 29 (Friday, February 12, 2016)]
[Notices]
[Pages 7609-7613]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2016-02841]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
[Release No. 34-77081; File No. SR-CBOE-2016-007]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; Chicago Board Options Exchange,
Incorporated; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of a
Proposed Rule Change Relating To Adopting a Principles-Based Approach
To Prohibit the Misuse of Material Nonpublic Information by Designated
Primary Market-Makers (``DPMs'') and Lead Market-Makers (``LMMs'')
February 8, 2016.
Pursuant to section 19(b)(1) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
(the ``Act''),\1\ and Rule 19b-4 thereunder,\2\ notice is hereby given
that on February 1, 2016, Chicago Board Options Exchange, Incorporated
(the ``Exchange'' or ``CBOE'') filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission (the ``Commission'') the proposed rule change as described
in Items I, II, and III below, which Items have been prepared by the
Exchange. The Exchange filed the proposal as a ``non-controversial''
proposed rule change pursuant to section 19(b)(3)(A)(iii) of the Act
\3\ and Rule 19b-4(f)(6) thereunder.\4\ The Commission is publishing
this notice to solicit comments on the proposed rule change from
interested persons.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
\2\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4.
\3\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(3)(A)(iii).
\4\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4(f)(6).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
I. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Terms of Substance
of the Proposed Rule Change
The text of the proposed rule change is available on the Exchange's
Web site (https://www.cboe.com/AboutCBOE/CBOELegalRegulatoryHome.aspx),
at the Exchange's Office of the Secretary, and at the Commission's
Public Reference Room.
II. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change
In its filing with the Commission, the Exchange included statements
concerning the purpose of and basis for the proposed rule change and
discussed any comments it received on the proposed rule change. The
text of these statements may be examined at the places specified in
Item IV below. The Exchange has prepared summaries, set forth in
sections A, B, and C below, of the most significant aspects of such
statements.
A. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change
1. Purpose
The Exchange proposes to adopt a principles-based approach to
prohibit the misuse of material, nonpublic information by DPMs and LMMs
by deleting Rule 8.91, sub-paragraph (b)(5) of Rule 8.15 and
paragraph(b)(vii) of Rule 8.15A. In so doing, the Exchange would
harmonize its rules related to the preventing the misuse of material,
nonpublic information for every Trading Permit Holder (``TPH''). The
Exchange believes that Rule 8.91, Rule 8.15(b)(5) and Rule
8.15A(b)(vii) are no longer necessary because all TPH, including DPMs
and LMMs are subject to the Exchange's general principles-based
requirements governing the protection against misuse of material,
nonpublic information, pursuant to Rule 4.18 (Prevention of the Misuse
of Material, Nonpublic Information), which obviates the need for
separately prescribed requirements for a subset of market participants
on the Exchange.
Background
The Exchange has three classes of registered Market-Makers.
Pursuant to Rule 8.1, a Market-Maker is an individual TPH or TPH
organization that is registered with the Exchange for the purpose of
making transactions as a dealer-specialist on the Exchange. All Market-
Makers are subject to the requirements of Rule 8.7, which set forth the
obligations of Market-Makers, including quoting activity.
Rule 8.85 outlines the obligations of DPM's, which, in addition to
the Market-Maker obligations of Rule 8.7, must fulfill a number of
increased obligations including providing continuous electronic quotes,
assuring that each of the displayed market quotations is honored, and
complying heightened with bid/ask differential requirements.\5\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\5\ Compare Rule 8.85(a)(i) (``[Each DPM shall] provide
continuous electronic quotes . . . in at least 99% of the non-
adjusted options series or 100% of the non-adjusted option series
minus one call-put pair . . .'') with Rule 8.7(d)(ii)(B) (``A
Market-Maker will be required to maintain continuous electronic
quotes . . . in 60% of the non-adjusted option series of the Market-
Maker's appointed classes that have a time to expiration of less
than nine months.'').
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rule 8.15 states that the Exchange may appoint, in an option class
for which a DPM has not been appointed, one or more Market-Makers in
good standing as LMMs and Supplemental Market-Makers (``SMMs'') to
participate in opening rotation procedures for Hybrid 3.0 classes and/
or to determine a formula for generating updated market quotations
during the trading day. LMM's in Hybrid 3.0 classes are obligated to
quote a firm two-sided market of sufficient size to accommodate a
relatively active opening within the bid/ask differential requirements
determined by the Exchange.
Rule 8.15A states the Exchange may appoint one or more Market-
Makers in good standing with an appointment in a Hybrid-Trading system
option class for which a DPM has not been appointed as LMMs. Much like
DPMs LMMs in Hybrid Classes are subject to increased obligations that
include providing continuous electronic quotes that comply with the
bid/ask differential requirements determined by the Exchange.
Pursuant to Rules 8.15B and 8.87, the exchange may establish
participation entitlements for LMM's and DPMs appointed pursuant to the
aforementioned Rules. DPM's and LMM's must meet specific obligations
prior to being awarded a participation entitlements [sic].
Whether operating on the CBOE Trading Floor or from a remote
location, all Market-Makers, including DPMs and LMMs, have access to
the same information in the Consolidated Book that is available to all
other market participants. Moreover, none of the Exchange's Market-
Makers have agency obligations to the Exchange's Order Book. As such,
the primary distinctions between Market-Makers and DPMs and LMMs are
the increased quoting requirements and allocation entitlements.
Despite the fact that Market-Makers, DPMs and LMMs have access to
the same trading information as all other market participants on the
Exchange, the Exchange has distinct rules governing how DPMs and LMMs
may operate. Rule 8.91(a) specifies that a DPM shall maintain
information barriers that are reasonably designed to prevent the misuse
of material, nonpublic information with any affiliates that may conduct
a brokerage business in option classes allocated to the DPM or act as a
[[Page 7610]]
specialist or market-maker in any security underlying options allocated
to the DPM. Rule 8.91 also requires a DPM provide its information
barriers to the Exchange and obtain prior written approval.
Rule 8.15(b)(5) requires LMMs in Hybrid 3.0 classes maintain
information barriers that are reasonably designed to prevent the misuse
of material, nonpublic information with any affiliates that may conduct
a brokerage business in option classes allocated to the LMM or act as
specialist or Market-Maker in any security underlying options allocated
to the LMM. Rule 8.15A(b)(vii) similarly requires LMMs in Hybrid
classes maintain information barriers that are reasonably designed to
prevent the misuse of material, nonpublic information with any
affiliates that may conduct a brokerage business in option classes
allocated to the LMM or act as specialist or Market-Maker in any
security underlying options allocated to the LMM. Neither Rule 8.15 nor
8.15A require the prior Exchange approval of information barriers
outlined in Rule 8.91.
Proposed Rule Change
The Exchange believes the particularized guidelines in Rules, 8.91,
8.15(b)(5) and 8.15A(b)(vii) for DPMs, LMMs in Hybrid 3.0 classes, and
LMMs in Hybrid classes, respectively, are no longer necessary and
proposes to delete them. Rather, the Exchange believes that Rule 4.18,
governing the misuse of material, nonpublic information provides for an
appropriate, principles-based approach to prevent the type of market
abuses Rules 8.91, 8.15(b)(5) and 8.15A(b)(vii) are designed to
address. Specifically, Rule 4.18 requires every TPH shall establish,
maintain and enforce written policies and procedures reasonably
designed, taking into consideration the nature of such TPH's business,
to prevent the misuse, in violation of the Exchange Act and Exchange
Rules, of material, nonpublic information by such TPH or persons
associated with such TPH. For the purposes of this Rule, conduct
constituting the misuse of material, nonpublic information in violation
of the Exchange Act and Exchange Rules includes, but is not limited to,
the following:
(a) Trading in any securities issued by a corporation, partnership,
Trust Issued Receipts or Units (as defined in Exchange Rules) or a
trust or similar entities, or in any related securities or related
options or other derivative securities, or in any related non-U.S.
currency options, futures or options on futures on such currency, or
any other derivatives based on such currency, or in any related
commodity, related commodity futures or options on commodity futures or
in any related commodity derivatives, while in possession of material,
nonpublic information concerning that corporation, partnership, Trust
Issued Receipts, or those Units, or that trust or similar entities;
(b) Trading in an underlying security or related options or other
derivative securities, or in any related non-U.S. currency, non-U.S.
currency options, futures or options on futures on such currency, or in
any related commodity, related commodity futures or options on
commodity futures or any other related commodities derivatives, or any
other derivatives based on such currency while in possession of
material nonpublic information concerning imminent transactions in the
above; and
(c) Disclosing to another person or entity any material, nonpublic
information involving a corporation, partnership, Trust Issued
Receipts, or Units or a trust or similar entities whose shares are
publicly traded or an imminent transactions in an underlying security
or related securities or in the underlying non-U.S. currency of any
related non-U.S. currency options, futures or options on futures on
such currency, or any other derivatives based on such currency, or in
any related commodity, related commodity futures or options on
commodity futures or any other related commodity derivatives, for the
purpose of facilitating the possible misuse of such material, nonpublic
information.
Because DPMs and LMMs are already subject to the requirements of
Rule 4.18, the Exchange does not believe that it is necessary to
separately require specific limitations on dealings between DPMs and
LMMs and affiliates. Deleting Rules 8.91, 8.15(b)(5) and 8.15A(b)(vii)
would provide DPMs and LMMs with the flexibility to adapt their
policies and procedures as appropriate to reflect changes to their
business model, business activities, or the securities market in a
manner similar to how Market-Makers on the Exchange currently operate
consistent with Rule 4.18.
As noted above, DPMs and LMMs are distinguished under Exchange
Rules from other types of Market-Makers only to the extent that they
have certain heightened obligations and potential allocation
entitlements. However, none of these heightened obligations provides
different or greater access to nonpublic information than any other
market participant on the Exchange. Specifically, whether on the CBOE
Trading Floor or remotely, neither DPMs nor LMMs on the Exchange have
access to trading information provided by the Exchange, either at, or
prior to, the point of execution, that is not made available to all
other market participants on the Exchange in a similar manner. Further,
as noted above, DPMs and LMMs on the Exchange do not have any agency
responsibilities for orders in the Order Book. Accordingly, because
DPMs and LMMs do not have any trading advantages at the Exchange due to
their market role, the Exchange believes that they should be subject to
the same rules regarding the prevention of the misuse of material,
nonpublic information, specifically Rule 4.18.\6\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\6\ The Exchange notes that by deleting Rule 8.91, the Exchange
would no longer require specific information barriers for DPMs or
require pre-approval of any information barriers that a DPM would
erect for purposes of protecting against the misuse of material
nonpublic information. However, as is the case today with Market-
Makers, information barriers of new entrants, including new DPMs,
would be subject to review as part of a new firm application.
Moreover, the policies and procedures of DPMs and LMMs, including
those relating to information barriers, would be subject to review
by FINRA, on behalf of the Exchange, pursuant to a Regulatory
Services Agreement.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Exchange notes that its proposed approach to use a principles-
based approach to protecting against the misuse of material nonpublic
information for all of its registered Market-Makers is consistent with
recently filed rule changes for NYSE MKT, LLC on behalf of NYSE Amex
Options, International Securities Exchange, LLC (``ISE'') and BOX
Options Exchange, LLC (``BOX'').\7\ The proposed approach is also
consistent with approved rule changes for NYSE Arca Equities Inc.
(``NYSE Arca''), BATS Exchange Inc. (``BATS'') and New York Stock
Exchange, LLC (``NYSE'') rules governing cash equity Market-Makers on
those respective exchanges.\8\ Except for
[[Page 7611]]
prescribed rules relating to floor-based designated Market-Makers on
the NYSE, who have access to specified nonpublic trading information,
each of these exchanges have moved to a principles-based approach to
protecting against the misuse of material, nonpublic information. In
connection with approving those rule changes, the Commission found that
eliminating redundant information barrier requirements should not
reduce the effectiveness of exchange rules requiring its members or
participants to establish and maintain systems to supervise the
activities of its members, including written procedures reasonably
designed to ensure compliance with applicable federal securities law
and regulations, and with the rules of the applicable exchange.\9\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\7\ See Securities Exchange Act Release Nos. 75432 (July 13,
2015), 80 FR 42597 (July 17, 2015) (Order Approving Adopting a
Principles-Based Approach to Prohibit the Misuse of Material
Nonpublic Information by Specialists and e-Specialists by Deleting
Rule 927.3NY and Section (f) of Rule 927.5NY); 75792 (August 31,
2015), 80 FR 53606 (September 4, 2015) (SR-ISE-2015-26) (Notice of
Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of Proposed Rule Change Adopting
a Principles-Based Approach to Prohibit the Misuse of Material, non-
public Information by Market Makers by Deleting Rule 810); 75916
(September 14, 2015), 80 FR 56503 (September 18, 2015) (SR-BOX-2015-
31) (Notice of Filing and immediate Effectiveness of Proposed Rule
Change to Adopt a Principles-based Approach to Prohibit the Misuse
of Material Nonpublic Information by Market Makers).
\8\ See Securities Exchange Act Release Nos. 60604 (Sept. 2,
2009), 76 FR 46272 (Sept. 8, 2009) (SR-NYSEArca-2009-78) (Order
approving elimination of NYSE Arca rule that required market makers
to establish and maintain specifically prescribed information
barriers, including discussion of NYSE Arca and Nasdaq rules)
(``Arca Approval Order''); 61574 (Feb. 23, 2010), 75 FR 9455 (Mar.
2, 2010) (SR-BATS-2010-003) (Order approving amendments to BATS Rule
5.5 to move to a principles-based approach to protecting against the
misuse of material, non-public information, and noting that the
proposed change is consistent with the approaches of NYSE Arca and
Nasdaq) (``BATS Approval Order''); and 72534 (July 3, 2014), 79 FR
39440 (July 10, 2014), SR-NYSE-2014-12) (Order approving amendments
to NYSE Rule 98 governing designated market makers to move to a
principles-based approach to prohibit the misuse of material non-
public information) (``NYSE Approval Order'').
\9\ See, e.g., BATS Approval Order, supra note 4 at 9458.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Exchange notes that even with this proposed rule change,
pursuant to Rule 4.18, a DPM or LMM would still be obligated to ensure
that its policies and procedures reflect the current state of its
business and continue to be reasonably designed to prevent the misuse
of material, nonpublic information. While information barriers would
not specifically be required under the proposal, Rule 4.18 already
requires that a TPH consider the nature of the TPH's business in
structuring its policies and procedures, which may dictate that an
information barrier or a functional separation be part of the
appropriate set of policies and procedures that would be reasonably
designed to achieve compliance with applicable securities law and
regulations, and with applicable Exchange rules.
The Exchange is not proposing to change what is considered to be
material, non-public information and, thus does not expect there to be
any changes to the types of information that an affiliated brokerage
business of a market maker could share with such market maker. In that
regard, the proposed rule change will not permit the brokerage unit of
a TPH firm to have access to any non-public order or quote information
of affiliated market maker, including hidden or undisplayed orders and
quotes on the Exchange. TPHs do not expect to receive any additional
order or quote information as a result of this proposed rule change.
Further, the Exchange does not believe that there will be any
material change to TPH information barriers as a result of removal of
the Exchange's pre-approval requirements for DPMs. In fact, the
Exchange anticipates that eliminating the pre-approval requirement
should facilitate implementation of changes to TPH information barriers
as necessary to protect against the misuse of material, non-public
information. The Exchange also suggests that the pre-approval
requirement is unnecessary because DPMs do not have agency
responsibilities to the book. However, as is the case today with market
makers, information barriers of new entrants would be subject to review
as part of a new firm application. Moreover, the policies and
procedures of market makers, including those relating to information
barriers would be subject to review by FINRA, on behalf of the
Exchange, pursuant to a Regulatory Services Agreement.
The Exchange further notes that under Rule 4.18, a TPH would be
able [sic] would be able to structure its firm to provide for its
options DPMs or LMMs, as applicable, to be structured with its equities
and customer-facing businesses, provided that any such structuring
would be done in a manner reasonably designed to protect against the
misuse of material, nonpublic information. For example, pursuant to
Rule 4.18, a DPM on the Exchange could be in the same independent
trading unit, a defined in Rule 200(f) of Regulation SHO,\10\ as an
equities Market-Maker and other trading desks within the firm,
including options trading desks, so that the firm could share post-
trade information to better manage its risk across related securities.
The Exchange believes it is appropriate, and consistent with Rule 4.18
and section 15(g) of the Act \11\ for a firm to share options position
and related hedging position information (e.g., equities, futures, and
foreign currency) within a firm to better manage risk on a firm-wide
basis. The Exchange notes, however, that if so structured, a firm would
need to have appropriate policies and procedures, including information
barriers as applicable, to protect against the misuse of material non-
public information, and specifically customer information consistent
with Rule 4.18. The Exchange further notes that Federal rules supersede
Exchange rules in the event of any conflicts regarding the misuse of
material non-public information.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\10\ 17 CFR part 242.200(f).
\11\ 15 U.S.C. 78o(g).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Exchange believes that the proposed reliance on the principles-
based Rule 4.18 would ensure that a TPH that operates a DPM or LMM
would be required to protect against the misuse of any material
nonpublic information. As noted above, Rule 4.18 already requires that
firms refrain from trading while in possession of material nonpublic
information concerning imminent transactions in a security or related
product. The Exchange believes that moving to a principles-based
approach rather than prescribing how and when to wall off a DPM or LMM
from the rest of the firm would provide TPH operating DPMs or LMMs with
appropriate tools to better manage risk across a firm, including
integrating options positions with other positions of the firm or, as
applicable, by the respective independent trading unit. Specifically,
the Exchange believes that it is appropriate for risk management
purposes for a TPH operating a DPM or LMM to be able to consider both
DPM/LMM traded-positions for the purposes of calculating net positions
consistent with Rule 200 of Regulation SHO,\12\ calculating intra-day
net capital positions, and managing risk both generally as well as in
compliance with Rule 15c3-5 under the Act (the ``Market Access
Rule'').\13\ The Exchange notes that any risk management operations
would need to operate consistent with the requirement to protect
against the misuse of material non-public information.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\12\ 17 CFR part 242.200.
\13\ 17 CFR part 240.15c3-5.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Exchange further notes that if DPMs or LMMs are integrated with
other Market-Making operations, they would be subject to existing rules
that prohibit TPH from disadvantaging their customers or other market
participants by improperly capitalizing of a TPH organization's access
to the receipt of material nonpublic information. As such, a TPH
organization that integrates its DPM or LMM operations together with
equity Market-Making, would need to protect customer information
consistent with existing obligations to protect such information. The
Exchange has rules prohibiting TPHs from disadvantaging their customers
or other market participants by improperly capitalizing on the TPH's
access to or receipt of material nonpublic information. For example,
Rule 4.24(e) requires Each TPH shall establish, maintain, and enforce
written
[[Page 7612]]
supervisory procedures reasonably designed to prevent and detect
violations of applicable securities laws and regulations, and
applicable Exchange rules. Additionally Rule 6.9(e) prevents a TPH or
person associated with a TPH, who has knowledge of all material terms
and conditions of an original order and a solicited order, including a
facilitation order, to enter, based on such knowledge, an order to buy
or sell an option of the same class as an option that is the subject of
the original order, or an order to buy or sell the security underlying
such class, or an order to buy or sell any related instrument unless
certain circumstances are met.
2. Statutory Basis
The Exchange believes the proposed rule change is consistent with
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the ``Act'') and the rules and
regulations thereunder applicable to the Exchange and, in particular,
the requirements of section 6(b) of the Act.\14\ Specifically, the
Exchange believes the proposed rule change is consistent with the
section 6(b)(5) \15\ requirements that the rules of an exchange be
designed to prevent fraudulent and manipulative acts and practices, to
promote just and equitable principles of trade, to foster cooperation
and coordination with persons engaged in regulating, clearing,
settling, processing information with respect to, and facilitating
transactions in securities, to remove impediments to and perfect the
mechanism of a free and open market and a national market system, and,
in general, to protect investors and the public interest. Additionally,
the Exchange believes the proposed rule change is consistent with the
section 6(b)(5) \16\ requirement that the rules of an exchange not be
designed to permit unfair discrimination between customers, issuers,
brokers, or dealers.
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\14\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b).
\15\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).
\16\ Id.
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In particular, the Exchange believes that the proposed rule change
would remove impediments to and perfect the mechanism of a free and
open market by adopting a principles-based approach to permit a TPH
operating a DPM or LMM to maintain and enforce policies and procedures
to, among other things, prohibit the misuse of material nonpublic
information. The proposed rule change would further eliminate
restrictions on how a TPH structures its DPM and LMM operations. The
Exchange notes that the proposed rule change is based on an approved
rule of the Exchange to which DPMs and LMMs are already subject-Rule
4.18-and harmonizes the rules governing DPMs, LMMs and Market-Makers.
Moreover, TPH operating DPMs and LMMs would continue to be subject to
federal and Exchange requirements for protecting material nonpublic
order information.\17\ The Exchange believes that the proposed rule
change would remove impediments to and perfect the mechanism of a free
and open market because it would harmonize the Exchange's approach to
protecting against the misuse of material nonpublic information and no
longer subject DPMs and LMMs to redundant requirements. The Exchange
does not believe that the existing requirements applicable to DPMs and
LMMs are narrowly tailored to their respective roles because neither
market participant has access to Exchange trading information in a
manner different from any other market participant on the Exchange and
they do not have agency responsibilities to the Order Book.
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\17\ See 15 U.S.C. 78o(g) and Rule 4.18.
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The Exchange further believes the proposal is designed to prevent
fraudulent and manipulative acts and practices and to promote just and
equitable principles of trade because existing rules make clear to all
TPH the type of conduct that is prohibited by the Exchange. While the
proposal eliminates certain requirements relating to the misuse of
material nonpublic information, DPMs, LMMs and all other TPH would
remain subject to existing Exchange rules requiring them to establish
and maintain systems to supervise their activities, and to create,
implement, and maintain written procedures that are reasonably designed
to comply with applicable securities laws and Exchange rules, including
the prohibition on the misuse of material nonpublic information.
The Exchange notes that the proposed rule change would still
require that a TPH operating DPMs and LMMs maintain and enforce
policies and procedures designed to ensure compliance with applicable
federal securities laws and regulations and with Exchange rules. Even
thought there would no longer be pre-approval of DPM information
barriers, and DPM or LMM written policies and procedures would continue
to be subject to oversight by the Exchange and therefore the
elimination of specific restrictions should not reduce the
effectiveness of the Exchange rules to protect against the misuse of
material nonpublic information. Rather, TPH will be able to utilize a
flexible, principles-based approach to modify their policies and
procedures as appropriate to reflect changes to their business model,
business activities, or to the securities market itself. Moreover,
while specified information barriers may no longer be required, a TPH's
business model or business activities may dictate that an information
barrier or functional separation be part of the appropriate set of
policies and procedures that would be reasonably designed to achieve
compliance with applicable securities laws and regulations, and with
applicable Exchange rules. The Exchange therefore believes that the
proposed rule change will maintain the existing protection of investors
and the public interest that is currently applicable to DPM's and
LMM's, while at the same time removing impediments to and perfecting a
free and open market by moving to a principles-based approach to
protect against the misuse of material nonpublic information.
B. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement on Burden on Competition
CBOE does not believe that the proposed rule change will impose any
burden on competition that is not necessary or appropriate in
furtherance of the purposes of the Act. To the contrary, the Exchange
believes that the proposal will enhance competition by allowing DPMs
and LMMs to comply with applicable Exchange rules in a manner best
suited to their business models, business activities and the securities
markets, thus reducing regulatory burdens while still ensuring
compliance with applicable securities laws and regulations and Exchange
rules. The Exchange believes that the proposal will foster a fair and
orderly marketplace without being overly burdensome upon DPMs and LMMs.
Moreover, the Exchange believes that the proposed rule change would
eliminate a burden on competition for TPH which currently exists as a
result of disparate rule treatment between the options and equities
markets regarding how to protect against the misuse of material,
nonpublic information. For those TPH that are also members of equities
exchanges their respective equity Market-Maker operations are now
subject to a principles-based approach to protecting against the misuse
of material nonpublic information. The Exchange believes it would
remove a burden on competition to enable TPH to similarly apply a
principles-based approach to protecting against the misuse of material
nonpublic information in the options space. To this end, the Exchange
notes that Rule 4.18 still requires a TPH that operates as a Market-
Maker on the Exchange,
[[Page 7613]]
including a DPM or LMM, to evaluate its business to assure that its
policies and procedures are reasonably designed to protect against the
misuse of material, non-public information. However, with this proposed
rule change, a TPH that trades equities and options could look at its
firm more holistically to structure its operations in a manner that
provides it with better tools to manage risks across multiple security
classes, while at the same time protecting against the misuse of
material nonpublic information.
C. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement on Comments on the Proposed
Rule Change Received From Members, Participants, or Others
The Exchange neither solicited nor received comments on the
proposed rule change.
III. Date of Effectiveness of the Proposed Rule Change and Timing for
Commission Action
Because the foregoing proposed rule change does not:
A. Significantly affect the protection of investors or the public
interest;
B. impose any significant burden on competition; and
C. become operative for 30 days from the date on which it was
filed, or such shorter time as the Commission may designate, it has
become effective pursuant to section 19(b)(3)(A) of the Act \18\ and
Rule 19b-4(f)(6) \19\ thereunder. At any time within 60 days of the
filing of the proposed rule change, the Commission summarily may
temporarily suspend such rule change if it appears to the Commission
that such action is necessary or appropriate in the public interest,
for the protection of investors, or otherwise in furtherance of the
purposes of the Act. If the Commission takes such action, the
Commission will institute proceedings to determine whether the proposed
rule change should be approved or disapproved.
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\18\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(3)(A).
\19\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4(f)(6).
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IV. Solicitation of Comments
Interested persons are invited to submit written data, views, and
arguments concerning the foregoing, including whether the proposed rule
change is consistent with the Act. Comments may be submitted by any of
the following methods:
Electronic Comments
Use the Commission's Internet comment form (https://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml); or
Send an email to rule-comments@sec.gov. Please include
File Number SR-CBOE-2016-007 on the subject line.
Paper Comments
Send paper comments in triplicate to Secretary, Securities
and Exchange Commission, 100 F Street NE., Washington, DC 20549-1090.
All submissions should refer to File Number SR-CBOE-2016-007. This file
number should be included on the subject line if email is used. To help
the Commission process and review your comments more efficiently,
please use only one method. The Commission will post all comments on
the Commission's Internet Web site (https://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml). Copies of the submission, all subsequent amendments, all
written statements with respect to the proposed rule change that are
filed with the Commission, and all written communications relating to
the proposed rule change between the Commission and any person, other
than those that may be withheld from the public in accordance with the
provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be available for Web site viewing and
printing in the Commission's Public Reference Room, 100 F Street NE.,
Washington, DC 20549 on official business days between the hours of
10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. Copies of the filing also will be available
for inspection and copying at the principal office of the Exchange. All
comments received will be posted without change; the Commission does
not edit personal identifying information from submissions. You should
submit only information that you wish to make available publicly. All
submissions should refer to File Number SR-CBOE-2016-007 and should be
submitted on or before March 4, 2016.
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\20\ 17 CFR 200.30-3(a)(12).
For the Commission, by the Division of Trading and Markets,
pursuant to delegated authority.\20\
Robert W. Errett,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2016-02841 Filed 2-11-16; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011-01-P