Self-Regulatory Organizations; Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc.; Order Approving a Proposed Rule Change To Merge FINRA Dispute Resolution, Inc. Into and With FINRA Regulation, Inc., 79632-79636 [2015-32051]
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79632
Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 245 / Tuesday, December 22, 2015 / Notices
interruption. The Commission believes
that waiver of the 30-day operative
delay is consistent with the protection
of investors and the public interest
because it will allow the pilot to
continue uninterrupted, thereby
avoiding any potential investor
confusion that could result from a
temporary interruption in the pilot and
allowing members to continue to benefit
from the program. Based on the
foregoing, the Commission hereby
waives the 30-day operative delay and
designates the proposal operative upon
filing.12
At any time within 60 days of the
filing of such proposed rule change, the
Commission summarily may
temporarily suspend such rule change if
it appears to the Commission that such
action is necessary or appropriate in the
public interest, for the protection of
investors, or otherwise in furtherance of
the purposes of the Act. If the
Commission takes such action, the
Commission shall institute proceedings
under section 19(b)(2)(B) 13 of the Act to
determine whether the proposed rule
change should be approved or
disapproved.
IV. Solicitation of Comments
Interested persons are invited to
submit written data, views, and
arguments concerning the foregoing,
including whether the proposed rule
change is consistent with the Act.
Comments may be submitted by any of
the following methods:
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Electronic Comments
• Use the Commission’s Internet
comment form (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml); or
• Send an email to rule-comments@
sec.gov. Please include File Number SR–
NYSEARCA–2015–122 on the subject
line.
Paper Comments
• Send paper comments in triplicate
to Secretary, Securities and Exchange
Commission, 100 F Street NE.,
Washington, DC 20549–1090.
All submissions should refer to File
Number SR–NYSEARCA–2015–122.
This file number should be included on
the subject line if email is used. To help
the Commission process and review
your comments more efficiently, please
use only one method. The Commission
will post all comments on the
Commission’s Internet Web site (https://
www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml). Copies of
12 For purposes only of waiving the operative
delay, the Commission has considered the proposed
rule’s impact on efficiency, competition, and capital
formation. See 15 U.S.C. 78c(f).
13 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(2)(B).
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the submission, all subsequent
amendments, all written statements
with respect to the proposed rule
change that are filed with the
Commission, and all written
communications relating to the
proposed rule change between the
Commission and any person, other than
those that may be withheld from the
public in accordance with the
provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be
available for Web site viewing and
printing in the Commission’s Public
Reference Room, 100 F Street NE.,
Washington, DC 20549 on official
business days between the hours of
10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. Copies of such
filing also will be available for
inspection and copying at the principal
office of the Exchange. All comments
received will be posted without change;
the Commission does not edit personal
identifying information from
submissions. You should submit only
information that you wish to make
available publicly. All submissions
should refer to File Number SR–
NYSEARCA–2015–122, and should be
submitted on or before January 12, 2016.
For the Commission, by the Division of
Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated
authority.14
Robert W. Errett,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2015–32048 Filed 12–21–15; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
[Release No. 34–76670; File No. SR–FINRA–
2015–034]
Self-Regulatory Organizations;
Financial Industry Regulatory
Authority, Inc.; Order Approving a
Proposed Rule Change To Merge
FINRA Dispute Resolution, Inc. Into
and With FINRA Regulation, Inc.
December 16, 2015.
I. Introduction
On September 29, 2015, the Financial
Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc.
(‘‘FINRA’’) filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission (‘‘SEC’’ or
‘‘Commission’’), pursuant to Section
19(b)(1) of the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934 (‘‘Act’’) 1 and Rule 19b–4
thereunder,2 a proposed rule change to
merge its dispute resolution subsidiary,
FINRA Dispute Resolution, Inc.
(‘‘FINRA Dispute Resolution’’) into and
with its regulatory subsidiary, FINRA
14 17
CFR 200.30–3(a)(12).
U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
2 17 CFR 240.19b–4.
1 15
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Sfmt 4703
Regulation, Inc. (‘‘FINRA Regulation’’),
and to amend the Plan of Allocation and
Delegation of Functions by NASD to
Subsidiaries (‘‘Delegation Plan’’) and the
By-Laws of FINRA Regulation (‘‘FINRA
Regulation By-Laws’’); delete the ByLaws of FINRA Dispute Resolution
(‘‘FINRA Dispute Resolution By-Laws’’);
and make conforming amendments to
FINRA rules in order to implement the
merger. In addition, the proposed rule
change would amend the FINRA
Regulation By-Laws to increase the total
number of directors who could serve on
the FINRA Regulation board. The
proposed rule change was published for
comment in the Federal Register on
October 13, 2015.3 The Commission
received five comment letters on the
proposed rule change.4 On December 1,
2015, 5 the Commission received a
response to the comments from FINRA.6
This order approves the proposed rule
change.
II. Description of the Proposed Rule
Change
FINRA has proposed to merge FINRA
Dispute Resolution into FINRA
Regulation. To implement the merger,
FINRA proposes to make conforming
amendments to the Delegation Plan,
amend the FINRA Regulation By-Laws
to incorporate substantive and unique
provisions from the FINRA Dispute
Resolution By-Laws and to make other
conforming amendments, delete the
FINRA Dispute Resolution By-Laws in
their entirety, and make conforming
amendments to FINRA rules.7 FINRA
3 See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 76082
(October 6, 2015), 80 FR 61545 (‘‘Notice’’).
4 See letters from Hugh D. Berkson, President,
Public Investors Arbitration Bar Association, dated
November 3, 2015 (‘‘PIABA Letter’’); Ron A.
Rhoades, dated November 3, 2015 (‘‘Rhoades
Letter’’); Jill Gross, Director, Pace Investor Rights
Clinic, Pace Law School, dated November 3, 2015
(‘‘PIRC Letter’’); Larry A. Tawwater, President,
American Association for Justice, dated November
3, 2015 (‘‘AAJ Letter’’); and William A. Jacobson,
Director, Cornell Securities Law Clinic, Cornell Law
School, dated November 4, 2015 (‘‘CSLC Letter’’).
5 See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 76444
(November 16, 2015), 80 FR 72775 (November 20,
2015) extending the time for the Commission to act
on the proposed rule change.
6 See letter from Meredith Cordisco, Assistant
General Counsel, FINRA, dated December 1, 2015
(‘‘FINRA Letter’’).
7 The current FINRA rulebook consists of: (1)
FINRA Rules; (2) NASD Rules; and (3) rules
incorporated from New York Stock Exchange LLC
(‘‘NYSE’’) (‘‘Incorporated NYSE Rules’’) (together,
the NASD Rules and Incorporated NYSE Rules are
referred to as the ‘‘Transitional Rulebook’’). While
the NASD Rules generally apply to all FINRA
members, the Incorporated NYSE Rules apply only
to those members of FINRA that are also members
of the NYSE (‘‘Dual Members’’). The FINRA Rules
apply to all FINRA members, unless such rules
have a more limited application by their terms. For
more information about the rulebook consolidation
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Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 245 / Tuesday, December 22, 2015 / Notices
represents that its dispute resolution
program would continue to operate as a
separate department within FINRA
Regulation, and it would be referred to
as the Office of Dispute Resolution.
FINRA has also proposed to amend the
FINRA Regulation By-Laws to increase
the total number of directors who could
serve on the FINRA Regulation board.
A. Delegation Plan
FINRA proposed to delete Section III
of the Delegation Plan, which delegates
responsibilities and functions to FINRA
Dispute Resolution, and to amend
Section II of the Delegation Plan, which
delegates responsibilities and functions
to FINRA Regulation, to incorporate
several of the provisions from Section III
that apply to dispute resolution.
Specifically, FINRA proposed to amend
Section II of the Delegation Plan to
provide FINRA Regulation with the
authority to establish and interpret rules
and regulations regarding dispute
resolution programs; develop and adopt
appropriate and necessary rule changes
relating to the dispute resolution forum;
conduct arbitrations, mediations, and
other dispute resolution programs;
establish and assess fees and other
charges on FINRA members, persons
associated with members, and others
using the dispute resolution forum; and
manage external relations on dispute
resolution. In addition, FINRA proposed
to incorporate in its entirety current
Section III(C)(1) of the Delegation Plan,
which governs the National Arbitration
and Mediation Committee (‘‘NAMC’’),
into Section II(C) of the Delegation
Plan.8 FINRA states that the NAMC’s
authority, role and responsibilities
would not change under the proposed
rule change.9
In addition, FINRA proposed to make
other technical and conforming changes
throughout the Delegation Plan.10
B. Amendments to the FINRA
Regulation By-Laws; Deletion of FINRA
Dispute Resolution By-Laws
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FINRA proposed to amend the FINRA
Regulation By-Laws to incorporate
substantive and unique provisions from
the FINRA Dispute Resolution By-Laws
and, consequently, to delete the FINRA
Dispute Resolution By-Laws in their
entirety. FINRA has represented that
process, see Information Notice, March 12, 2008
(Rulebook Consolidation Process).
8 Under the proposed rule change, the FINRA
Regulation board would appoint the NAMC and the
NAMC would have the authority to advise the
FINRA Regulation board on issues relating to
dispute resolution.
9 See Notice, supra note 3, at 61548.
10 See Notice, supra note 3, at 61547–48 for the
list of these changes.
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where differences exist in the FINRA
Dispute Resolution By-Laws that would
not be incorporated into the FINRA
Regulation By-Laws under the proposed
rule change, the differences are nonsubstantive or would not otherwise
affect the governance or operation of the
dispute resolution program.11
Specifically, FINRA proposed to amend
the FINRA Regulation By-Laws to: (i)
Expand the definition of ‘‘FINRA
member’’ for purposes of the Codes of
Arbitration Procedure to include ‘‘any
broker or dealer admitted to
membership in FINRA, whether or not
the membership has been terminated or
cancelled; and any broker or dealer
admitted to membership in a selfregulatory organization that, with
FINRA consent, has required its
members to arbitrate pursuant to the
Code of Arbitration Procedure for
Customer Disputes or the Code of
Arbitration Procedure for Industry
Disputes and/or to be treated as
members of FINRA for purposes of the
Codes of Arbitration Procedure, whether
or not the membership has been
terminated or cancelled;’’ and (ii)
amend the definitions of ‘‘Industry
Member’’ and ‘‘Public Member’’ to
clarify that, for purposes of determining
membership on the NAMC, acting in the
capacity as a mediator of disputes
involving a person and not representing
any party in such mediations would not
be considered professional services
provided to, in the case of the term
‘‘Industry Member,’’ or a material
business relationship with, in the case
of the term ‘‘Public Member,’’ such
persons.
In addition, FINRA is proposing to
amend Section 4.2 of the FINRA
Regulation By-Laws to increase the total
number of directors who could serve on
the FINRA Regulation board from 15 to
17. FINRA states that members of the
FINRA Board’s Regulatory Policy
Committee currently serve as the
directors of the board of FINRA
Regulation.12 Accordingly, in
appointing governors of the FINRA
Board to the Regulatory Policy
Committee, FINRA must adhere to the
compositional requirements for the
Board of Directors of FINRA
Regulation.13 FINRA states that
increasing the maximum number of
FINRA Regulation board seats would
11 See
Notice, supra note 3, at 61548.
Notice, supra note 3, at 61549.
13 See Article IV, Section 4.3(a) of the FINRA
Regulation By-Laws, which provides, among other
things, that the FINRA Regulation board must
consist of at least two and not less than 20 percent
of directors who are Small Firm, Mid-Size Firm or
Large Firm Governors, and that a majority of the
FINRA Regulation board must be public directors.
12 See
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79633
provide it with additional flexibility to
manage its board committee
assignments and meet the compositional
requirements under the FINRA
Regulation By-Laws.14
FINRA proposed to make other
conforming and technical amendments
to the FINRA Regulation By-Laws.15
C. Amendments to the FINRA Rules
FINRA proposed to amend several
FINRA rules in connection with the
proposed merger of FINRA Dispute
Resolution into FINRA Regulation to,
among other things, delete references to
FINRA Dispute Resolution; add a
definition of ‘‘FINRA Regulation;’’
change references to ‘‘subsidiaries’’ or
‘‘subsidiary’’ to ‘‘FINRA Regulation;’’
remove references to Section III of the
Delegation Plan, which pertains to
FINRA Dispute Resolution, and change
the language to reference FINRA
Regulation; and replace references to
‘‘Dispute Resolution’’ with
‘‘Regulation.’’
In addition, in connection with the
merger, FINRA proposed to rename
FINRA Dispute Resolution as the Office
of Dispute Resolution. As discussed
above, the Office of Dispute Resolution
would become a separate department
within FINRA Regulation that would
continue to administer FINRA’s existing
dispute resolution programs.
Accordingly, the proposed rule change
would add a definition of ‘‘Office of
Dispute Resolution’’ to FINRA’s rules
and amend various FINRA rules to
replace certain references to ‘‘Dispute
Resolution’’ with ‘‘Office of Dispute
Resolution.’’
Upon completion of the merger, the
position of President of FINRA Dispute
Resolution would no longer exist,
therefore FINRA proposed to delete
references to the President of FINRA
Dispute Resolution from its Rules.16
14 See
Notice, supra note 3, at 61549.
Notice, supra note 3, at 61548–50.
16 See Rules 10103 (Director of Arbitration),
10312 (Disclosures Required of Arbitrators and
Director’s Authority to Disqualify), 12103 (Director
of Dispute Resolution), 12104 (Effect of Arbitration
on FINRA Regulatory Activities; Arbitrator Referral
During or at Conclusion of Case), 12203 (Denial of
FINRA Forum), 12407 (Removal of Arbitrator by
Director), 13103 (Director of Dispute Resolution),
13104 (Effect of Arbitration on FINRA Regulatory
Activities; Arbitrator Referral During or at
Conclusion of Case), 13203 (Denial of FINRA
Forum) and 13410 (Removal of Arbitrator by
Director). Any authority formerly granted by those
rules to the President of FINRA Dispute Resolution
would be deleted in its entirety or granted solely
to the Director of the Office of Dispute Resolution,
except that in amended Rules 10103 (Director of
Arbitration), 12103 (Director of Dispute Resolution)
and 13103 (Director of Dispute Resolution), the
authority to appoint an interim Director if the
Director is unable to perform his duties would be
15 See
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III. Comment Letters and FINRA’s
Response
The Commission received four
comment letters opposing the proposed
rule change 17 and one comment letter
expressing concerns regarding the
proposed rule change.18 In general,
commenters believe that FINRA Dispute
Resolution should remain separate from
FINRA Regulation in order to maintain
the independence and autonomy of the
dispute resolution forum.19 One
commenter states that the proposed
merger is contrary to the stated purpose
of maintaining a neutral and
independent dispute resolution
program, would damage the credibility
of the FINRA arbitration program, and
would ‘‘create even more public
perception that the forum serves the
purposes of the securities industry.’’ 20
Another commenter states that the
proposed merger would negatively
affect investors’ perceptions of the
neutrality and fairness of FINRA’s
dispute resolution forum.21 Further, one
commenter argues that it is important
FINRA Dispute Resolution ‘‘be able to
adopt its own policies, determine the
appropriate allocation of its resources,
and manage its external relations’’ and
‘‘that the NAMC remain separate and
apart from [FINRA] Regulation.’’ 22
In addition, two commenters believe
FINRA’s justifications for the proposed
merger are conclusory 23 and one
commenter believes the proposal lacks
detail to support the changes being
made.24 PIABA states that it finds
granted to the President of FINRA Regulation.
FINRA also proposed to delete references to an
Executive Vice President of FINRA Dispute
Resolution from Rule 10103.
17 See PIABA Letter, Rhoades Letter, PIRC Letter,
and CSLC Letter. One commenter that opposes the
proposed merger argues that arbitration should be
independent of FINRA altogether and should be
conducted by an independent arbitration forum
such as the American Arbitration Association. See
Rhoades Letter. FINRA stated that it believes, and
the Commission agrees, that this comment is
beyond the scope of the proposed rule change. See
FINRA Letter at 1, n.4.
18 See AAJ Letter.
19 See, e.g., PIABA Letter at 3–4; PIRC Letter. Two
commenters believe that the proposed rule change
contradicts previous statements made by FINRA
(formerly NASD) and the Commission when NASD
first proposed, and the Commission approved, a
separate dispute resolution subsidiary. See PIABA
Letter at 2–3 (citing Securities Exchange Act
Release Nos. 41510 (June 10, 1999), 64 FR 32575
(June 17, 1999) (SR–NASD–99–21) (notice of
proposed rule change to create a dispute resolution
subsidiary); and 41971 (September 30, 1999), 64 FR
55793 (October 14, 1999) (SR–NASD–99–21) (order
approving proposed rule change to create a dispute
resolution subsidiary). See also PIRC Letter.
20 See CSLC Letter.
21 See PIRC Letter.
22 See PIABA Letter at 4.
23 See PIABA Letter and PIRC Letter.
24 See AAJ Letter.
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troubling FINRA’s statements that the
proposed merger would better align
FINRA’s legal structure with the
public’s perception as well as its
operational realities.25 PIABA argues
that any public confusion regarding the
distinct nature of FINRA Regulation and
FINRA Dispute Resolution results from
FINRA’s failure to adequately explain to
the public the different roles of each
entity, and that FINRA should take steps
to improve the public’s understanding
that FINRA Dispute Resolution is
separate and independent from FINRA
Regulation, which the commenter
believes would improve the confidence
level of forum users.26 In addition,
PIABA argues that if FINRA has not
been operating FINRA Dispute
Resolution and FINRA Regulation as
two separate and distinct entities, it
should take steps to do so rather than
merging the entities.27
In response, FINRA notes that it ‘‘does
not need to maintain separate corporate
entities in order to provide a fair,
neutral and efficient dispute resolution
forum.’’ 28 FINRA states that FINRA,
FINRA Regulation, and FINRA Dispute
Resolution largely function as a single
organization today in that the entities
currently share many administrative
and support functions; FINRA Dispute
Resolution remains financially
dependent on the FINRA enterprise; and
the rules, administrative processes, and
leadership of the entities are largely
integrated.29 FINRA argues that ‘‘the
significant commonalities and shared
resources between the corporate entities
serve to benefit the dispute resolution
forum and its users.’’ 30
In addition, FINRA states that it
retained and incorporated into FINRA
Regulation’s operations, the unique
elements of the dispute resolution
program that ‘‘strengthen its operations
and enhance the fairness and neutrality
of the forum.’’ 31 Following the merger,
25 See
26 See
PIABA Letter at 3.
PIABA Letter at 3–4.
27 Id.
28 See
FINRA Letter at 3.
FINRA Letter at 2–3. For example, FINRA
notes that FINRA Dispute Resolution staff ‘‘works
closely with the Department of Enforcement and
FINRA’s operating departments to identify
misconduct by individuals or firms involved in
arbitration cases that might merit further
investigation or action to ensure protection of the
investing public’’ and that FINRA’s procedural
rules ‘‘specifically provide that if a FINRA
arbitration panel issues an award in favor of the
claimant, and the member firm or associated person
fails to comply with the award or related
settlement, FINRA has the authority to suspend or
cancel the membership of the firm or suspend the
associated person for such non-compliance.’’ Id. at
3 (citing FINRA By-Laws, Article VI, Section 3, and
FINRA Rule 9554).
30 See FINRA Letter at 2.
31 Id. at 3.
29 See
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the NAMC, an advisory committee on
arbitration matters currently maintained
by FINRA Dispute Resolution, would
continue under FINRA Regulation in
‘‘both its current form (including the
requirement that non-industry members
compose at least 50 percent of the
NAMC) and function (providing input
that would shape the forum’s rules,
policies and procedures).’’ 32 FINRA
states that the NAMC ‘‘is a key
component to maintaining a fair and
efficient forum.’’ 33
Moreover, FINRA states that the
merger would not have a practical effect
on corporate governance of the dispute
resolution forum as members of the
FINRA Board’s Regulatory Policy
Committee, who currently serve as the
directors of the boards of both FINRA
Regulation and FINRA Dispute
Resolution,34 would continue to serve as
directors of the board of the merged
entity, ‘‘thereby ensuring fair
representation of FINRA’s constituents
in the administration of the dispute
resolution program.’’ 35 In addition,
FINRA notes that the governance
structure would continue to consist of a
majority of public board members,
‘‘which helps to ensure that FINRA
receives input on the forum’s proposed
rules, policies and procedures from
those whose backgrounds and
affiliations are not connected to the
industry.’’ 36
FINRA states that following the
merger, FINRA’s dispute resolution
program will continue to function as a
separate department within FINRA
Regulation, and will be overseen by the
Director of the Office of Dispute
Resolution, who will be responsible for
managing the day-to-day operations of
the dispute resolution program.37
FINRA also points out that the merger
will have no effect on its current
regulatory oversight, noting that it will
still be subject to the rule filing
requirements of the Act and to
32 Id.
at 3–4.
at 4.
34 FINRA states that ‘‘overlapping board
membership was contemplated at the time it sought
to create the dispute resolution subsidiary as a way
to provide stability and uniformity among the
corporate entities.’’ See FINRA Letter at 4 (citing
Securities Exchange Act Release No. 41510, 64 FR
32575, 32586 (June 17, 1999) (Notice of Filing of
File No. SR–NASD–99–21)).
35 See FINRA Letter at 4. FINRA notes that the
proposed rule change would amend the FINRA
Regulation corporate governance structure to add
two board seats, ‘‘which would provide FINRA with
additional flexibility to manage its board committee
assignments and meet the compositional
requirements under the FINRA Regulation ByLaws.’’ Id. at n. 13.
36 Id. at 4.
37 Id. at 5.
33 Id.
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inspections by the Commission.38
FINRA argues that this ‘‘robust
regulatory framework serves to ensure
that FINRA manages and administers
the forum in a manner that is fair and
protects investors and the public
interest.’’ 39
FINRA also states that it ‘‘does not
believe that the merger would impact
public perception of fairness of the
forum’’ because FINRA, FINRA
Regulation and FINRA Dispute
Resolution appear to the public to be a
single organization and, furthermore,
the merger will not affect the services
and benefits provided by, or the costs to
use, the dispute resolution forum, or its
corporate governance or oversight.40 In
addition, FINRA ‘‘does not believe it
would be relevant or helpful, as PIABA
suggests, for FINRA to engage in
educational efforts regarding the
existing corporate distinction’’ between
the entities, as ‘‘maintaining a separate
corporate entity does not contribute to
the fairness or efficiency of operating
the forum.’’ 41 FINRA notes, however,
that it ‘‘continuously engages in efforts
to educate the investing public about
the services and benefits of its dispute
resolution forum, including the fairness
and neutrality of the forum.’’ 42 FINRA
also states that it ‘‘has made many
enhancements to the dispute resolution
program since the establishment of
FINRA Dispute Resolution that are
wholly unrelated to its corporate
structure[,]’’ such as allowing investors
to have an all public arbitration panel,
and it ‘‘is continuously looking at ways
to strengthen the dispute resolution
process and would continue to work
closely with investors, members, and
other interested parties in such efforts,
irrespective of FINRA’s corporate
structure.’’ 43
PIABA states that there may be
unintended consequences of merging
FINRA Dispute Resolution into FINRA
Regulation, specifically questioning
whether a decision by FINRA
Enforcement to decline to take action
against a member for conduct that is the
subject of a pending arbitration could be
used as defensive evidence in an
arbitration proceeding.44 FINRA noted
that this issue exists irrespective of the
38 Id.
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39 Id.
40 Id.
41 Id.
42 Id.
43 Id. at 6. For example, last year, FINRA formed
the Dispute Resolution Task Force to consider
possible enhancements to the forum to improve the
effectiveness, transparency, impartiality and
efficiency of FINRA’s securities arbitration forum
for all participants.
44 See PIABA Letter at 4.
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proposed merger and that it has
previously stated that its determination
not to take enforcement action against a
member has no evidentiary weight in a
subsequent proceeding.45 FINRA also
states that it considers it unethical and
potentially misleading to suggest to an
adjudicator or mediator that FINRA’s
determination is probative evidence in a
dispute on the merits of a related
claim.46
One commenter states that FINRA did
not provide a cost-benefit analysis or
quantify the administrative savings that
will result from the merger or state what
it will do with these savings.47 In
response, FINRA states that proposed
rule change would allow for more
efficient use of FINRA’s administrative
resources resulting from the elimination
of numerous tax and other regulatory
filings each year.48 While FINRA does
not expect the cost savings to have a
material effect on its budget or the costs
of forum-related services, FINRA
believes it is nevertheless prudent for
FINRA to ‘‘streamline its operational
procedures and re-allocate staff
involved in such processes to other
matters,’’ which will enhance the
efficient operation of FINRA, in turn
benefitting those who are governed by,
and those who use, FINRA’s services.49
Two commenters believe that the
comment period for the proposed rule
change was too short to allow interested
parties to fully evaluate the proposal
and provide comments.50 FINRA argues
that interested parties were provided
with sufficient time to comment on the
proposal.51 In this regard, FINRA notes
that it adhered to the procedures set
forth in Section 19 of the Act for selfregulatory organizations to file proposed
rule changes with the Commission and
that the Commission adhered to
standard practices with respect to the
proposed rule change by providing a 21
day comment period following
45 See FINRA Letter at 6–7 (citing Notice to
Members 02–53 at 509 (August 2002) (NASD Files
Proposal to Amend Rule 3070 to Require Filing of
Criminal and Civil Complaints and Arbitration
Claims with NASD; Revises Letters Sent When
Determination Made to Close an Investigation
Without Further Action)).
46 Id.
47 See PIABA Letter at 4.
48 See FINRA Letter at 7. For example, FINRA
states that the merger would eliminate the need to
file numerous tax filings each year, including
multiple state tax and information returns, sales tax
returns, property tax returns, as well as many state
registrations and annual reports, and also would
eliminate a separate payroll entity, eliminating the
need for separate compensation and accounting
protocols. See id. at 2.
49 See FINRA Letter at 7.
50 See PIABA Letter at 1 and AAJ Letter at 1.
51 See FINRA Letter at 7–8.
PO 00000
Frm 00081
Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
79635
publication of notice of the proposed
rule change in the Federal Register.52
IV. Discussion and Commission
Findings
After careful review of the proposed
rule change, the comment letters, and
FINRA’s response to the comments, the
Commission finds that the proposed
rule change is consistent with the
requirements of the Act and the rules
and regulations thereunder that are
applicable to a national securities
association.53 Specifically, the
Commission finds that the proposed
rule change is consistent with Section
15A(b)(6) of the Act,54 which requires,
among other things, that FINRA’s rules
be designed to prevent fraudulent and
manipulative acts and practices, to
promote just and equitable principles of
trade, and, in general, to protect
investors and the public interest.
The Commission recognizes that
commenters raised concerns that in
approving the current proposal, the
Commission would be contradicting its
prior findings when it approved the
creation of Dispute Resolution as a
separate subsidiary.55 The Commission
notes, however, that FINRA is not
required to maintain separate corporate
entities, nor will the maintenance of
separate corporate entities ensure a fair,
neutral and efficient dispute resolution
forum. FINRA represents that while the
proposed rule change would alter
FINRA Dispute Resolution’s corporate
status, it would not affect the services
and benefits provided by, or costs to
use, the dispute resolution forum, its
corporate governance, or oversight.56
Moreover, the FINRA Regulation board,
like the FINRA Dispute Resolution
board, will continue to consist of
members of the FINRA Board’s
Regulatory Policy Committee and a
majority of the members will continue
to be public board members. Further,
following the merger, the NAMC, which
52 Id.
53 In approving this proposed rule change, the
Commission has considered the proposed rule’s
impact on efficiency, competition, and capital
formation. See 15 U.S.C. 78c(f).
54 15 U.S.C. 78o–3(b)(6).
55 See supra note 19.
56 See Notice, supra note 3, at 61546 n.8.
According to FINRA, FINRA Dispute Resolution
remains financially dependent on the FINRA
enterprise, as fees received from parties who use the
arbitration and mediation programs are not
sufficient to fund the forum’s arbitration and
mediation activities at current cost levels. FINRA
represents that following the merger, FINRA will
continue to supplement the fees collected from
users, as necessary, to maintain a cost effective
forum. See FINRA Letter at 3. The Commission
expects FINRA to ensure that the Office of Dispute
Resolution is adequately funded and able to fulfill
its responsibilities.
E:\FR\FM\22DEN1.SGM
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79636
Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 245 / Tuesday, December 22, 2015 / Notices
mstockstill on DSK4VPTVN1PROD with NOTICES
was maintained by FINRA Dispute
Resolution before the merger, will be
maintained by FINRA Regulation, and
the composition of the NAMC will not
change. At least 50 percent of the
members must be non-industry
members. The Commission believes that
the foregoing should help to ensure the
maintenance of a fair and neutral forum.
With respect to concerns raised by
commenters regarding the public
perception of fairness if the merger is
approved, the Commission notes that
the dispute resolution forum will
continue to be subject to the same
Commission oversight as other
departments of FINRA, which includes
the requirement to file all rule changes,
which include changes to the By-Laws,
with the Commission,57 and the forum
will continue to be subject to
inspections by the Commission and by
the Government Accountability Office,
which performs audits at the request of
the United States Congress.58 In
addition, the Commission expects
FINRA to continue to work closely with
investors, members, and other interested
parties in looking at ways to strengthen
the dispute resolution process and serve
the needs of the investing public, and to
consider any recommendations raised
by its Dispute Resolution Task Force 59
for improving the effectiveness,
transparency, impartiality and
efficiency of its arbitration forums.
PIABA also questioned the actual cost
savings generated by the proposed
merger. FINRA indicated that the
merger will reduce unnecessary
administrative burdens that result from
the need to maintain separate legal
entities, such as costs and resources
associated with complying with
multiple-entity regulatory and tax
filings and maintaining separate
accounting protocols. The merger will
allow FINRA to streamline its
operational procedures and re-allocate
staff involved in such processes, which
should make FINRA’s operations more
efficient.
FINRA states that the increase to the
maximum number of FINRA Regulation
board seats from 15 to 17 will provide
57 The arbitration program and services will
continue to be governed by the FINRA Codes of
Arbitration Procedure and the mediation program
and services by the FINRA Code of Mediation
Procedure. See FINRA Rule 12000, 13000 and
14000 Series.
58 See Notice, supra note 3, at 61547. Moreover,
FINRA has represented that a decision not to take
enforcement action against a member has no
evidentiary weight and further, that FINRA would
consider it unethical and potentially misleading to
suggest that such a determination is probative
evidence in a dispute on the merits of a related
claim.
59 See supra note 43.
VerDate Sep<11>2014
17:21 Dec 21, 2015
Jkt 238001
it with additional flexibility to manage
its board committee assignments and
meet the compositional requirements
under the FINRA Regulation By-Laws.
The Commission notes that following
the increase, the FINRA Regulation
board compositional requirements will
continue to provide for the fair
representation of FINRA’s members and
the numerical dominance of public
directors, consistent with the
requirements of the Act.
V. Conclusion
It is therefore ordered, pursuant to
Section 19(b)(2) of the Act,60 that the
proposed rule change (SR–FINRA–
2015–034), be, and hereby is, approved.
For the Commission, by the Division of
Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated
authority.61
Robert W. Errett,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2015–32051 Filed 12–21–15; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
[Release No. 34–76664; File No. SR–BATS–
2015–110]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; BATS
Exchange, Inc.; Notice of Filing and
Immediate Effectiveness of a Proposed
Rule Change to Rule 13.3, Forwarding
of Proxy and Other Issuer Materials;
Proxy Voting
December 16, 2015.
Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the
‘‘Act’’),1 and Rule 19b–4 thereunder,2
notice is hereby given that on December
2, 2015, BATS Exchange, Inc. (the
‘‘Exchange’’ or ‘‘BATS’’) filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission
(‘‘Commission’’) the proposed rule
change as described in Items I and II
below, which Items have been prepared
by the Exchange. The Exchange has
designated this proposal as a ‘‘noncontroversial’’ proposed rule change
pursuant to Section 19(b)(3)(A) of the
Act 3 and Rule 19b–4(f)(6) thereunder,4
which renders it effective upon filing
with the Commission. The Commission
is publishing this notice to solicit
comments on the proposed rule change
from interested persons.
60 15
U.S.C. 78s(b)(2).
CFR 200.30–3(a)(12).
1 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
2 17 CFR 240.19b–4.
3 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(3)(A).
4 17 CFR 240.19b–4(f)(6).
61 17
PO 00000
Frm 00082
Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
I. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Terms of Substance of
the Proposed Rule Change
The Exchange is proposing to amend
paragraph (a) of Rule 13.3, Forwarding
or Proxy and other Issuer Materials;
Proxy Voting, to conform to the rules of
EDGA Exchange, Inc. (‘‘EDGA’’) and
EDGX Exchange, Inc. (‘‘EDGX’’).5
The text of the proposed rule change
is available at the Exchange’s Web site
at www.batstrading.com, at the
principal office of the Exchange, and at
the Commission’s Public Reference
Room.
II. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
Change
In its filing with the Commission, the
Exchange included statements
concerning the purpose of and basis for
the proposed rule change and discussed
any comments it received on the
proposed rule change. The text of these
statements may be examined at the
places specified in Item IV below. The
Exchange has prepared summaries, set
forth in Sections A, B, and C below, of
the most significant parts of such
statements.
A. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
Change
1. Purpose
In early 2014, the Exchange and its
affiliate, BATS Y-Exchange, Inc.
(‘‘BYX’’), received approval to effect a
merger (the ‘‘Merger’’) of the Exchange’s
parent company, BATS Global Markets,
Inc., with Direct Edge Holdings LLC, the
indirect parent of EDGX and EDGA
(together with BZX, BYX and EDGX, the
‘‘BGM Affiliated Exchanges’’).6 In the
context of the Merger, the BGM
Affiliated Exchanges are working to
align their rules, retaining only intended
differences between the BGM Affiliated
Exchanges.
EDGA and EDGX recently filed
proposed rule changes with the
Commission to restructure and amend
their Rules 3.22. Proxy Voting, and 13.3,
Forwarding of Proxy and Other Issuer
Materials, to conform to BYX and BZX
Rule 13.3.7 In order to provide a
consistent rule set across each of the
5 See Securities Exchange Act Release Nos. 76329
(November 3, 2015), 80 FR 69259 (November 9,
2015); 76330 (November 3, 2015), 80 FR 69264
(November 9, 2015) (SR–EDGX–2015–51; SR–
EDGA–2015–41).
6 See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 71375
(January 23, 2014), 79 FR 4771 (January 29, 2014)
(SR–BATS–2013–059; SR–BYX–2013–039).
7 See supra note 3.
E:\FR\FM\22DEN1.SGM
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Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 80, Number 245 (Tuesday, December 22, 2015)]
[Notices]
[Pages 79632-79636]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2015-32051]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
[Release No. 34-76670; File No. SR-FINRA-2015-034]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; Financial Industry Regulatory
Authority, Inc.; Order Approving a Proposed Rule Change To Merge FINRA
Dispute Resolution, Inc. Into and With FINRA Regulation, Inc.
December 16, 2015.
I. Introduction
On September 29, 2015, the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority,
Inc. (``FINRA'') filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
(``SEC'' or ``Commission''), pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (``Act'') \1\ and Rule 19b-4
thereunder,\2\ a proposed rule change to merge its dispute resolution
subsidiary, FINRA Dispute Resolution, Inc. (``FINRA Dispute
Resolution'') into and with its regulatory subsidiary, FINRA
Regulation, Inc. (``FINRA Regulation''), and to amend the Plan of
Allocation and Delegation of Functions by NASD to Subsidiaries
(``Delegation Plan'') and the By-Laws of FINRA Regulation (``FINRA
Regulation By-Laws''); delete the By-Laws of FINRA Dispute Resolution
(``FINRA Dispute Resolution By-Laws''); and make conforming amendments
to FINRA rules in order to implement the merger. In addition, the
proposed rule change would amend the FINRA Regulation By-Laws to
increase the total number of directors who could serve on the FINRA
Regulation board. The proposed rule change was published for comment in
the Federal Register on October 13, 2015.\3\ The Commission received
five comment letters on the proposed rule change.\4\ On December 1,
2015, \5\ the Commission received a response to the comments from
FINRA.\6\ This order approves the proposed rule change.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
\2\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4.
\3\ See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 76082 (October 6,
2015), 80 FR 61545 (``Notice'').
\4\ See letters from Hugh D. Berkson, President, Public
Investors Arbitration Bar Association, dated November 3, 2015
(``PIABA Letter''); Ron A. Rhoades, dated November 3, 2015
(``Rhoades Letter''); Jill Gross, Director, Pace Investor Rights
Clinic, Pace Law School, dated November 3, 2015 (``PIRC Letter'');
Larry A. Tawwater, President, American Association for Justice,
dated November 3, 2015 (``AAJ Letter''); and William A. Jacobson,
Director, Cornell Securities Law Clinic, Cornell Law School, dated
November 4, 2015 (``CSLC Letter'').
\5\ See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 76444 (November 16,
2015), 80 FR 72775 (November 20, 2015) extending the time for the
Commission to act on the proposed rule change.
\6\ See letter from Meredith Cordisco, Assistant General
Counsel, FINRA, dated December 1, 2015 (``FINRA Letter'').
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
II. Description of the Proposed Rule Change
FINRA has proposed to merge FINRA Dispute Resolution into FINRA
Regulation. To implement the merger, FINRA proposes to make conforming
amendments to the Delegation Plan, amend the FINRA Regulation By-Laws
to incorporate substantive and unique provisions from the FINRA Dispute
Resolution By-Laws and to make other conforming amendments, delete the
FINRA Dispute Resolution By-Laws in their entirety, and make conforming
amendments to FINRA rules.\7\ FINRA
[[Page 79633]]
represents that its dispute resolution program would continue to
operate as a separate department within FINRA Regulation, and it would
be referred to as the Office of Dispute Resolution. FINRA has also
proposed to amend the FINRA Regulation By-Laws to increase the total
number of directors who could serve on the FINRA Regulation board.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\7\ The current FINRA rulebook consists of: (1) FINRA Rules; (2)
NASD Rules; and (3) rules incorporated from New York Stock Exchange
LLC (``NYSE'') (``Incorporated NYSE Rules'') (together, the NASD
Rules and Incorporated NYSE Rules are referred to as the
``Transitional Rulebook''). While the NASD Rules generally apply to
all FINRA members, the Incorporated NYSE Rules apply only to those
members of FINRA that are also members of the NYSE (``Dual
Members''). The FINRA Rules apply to all FINRA members, unless such
rules have a more limited application by their terms. For more
information about the rulebook consolidation process, see
Information Notice, March 12, 2008 (Rulebook Consolidation Process).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
A. Delegation Plan
FINRA proposed to delete Section III of the Delegation Plan, which
delegates responsibilities and functions to FINRA Dispute Resolution,
and to amend Section II of the Delegation Plan, which delegates
responsibilities and functions to FINRA Regulation, to incorporate
several of the provisions from Section III that apply to dispute
resolution. Specifically, FINRA proposed to amend Section II of the
Delegation Plan to provide FINRA Regulation with the authority to
establish and interpret rules and regulations regarding dispute
resolution programs; develop and adopt appropriate and necessary rule
changes relating to the dispute resolution forum; conduct arbitrations,
mediations, and other dispute resolution programs; establish and assess
fees and other charges on FINRA members, persons associated with
members, and others using the dispute resolution forum; and manage
external relations on dispute resolution. In addition, FINRA proposed
to incorporate in its entirety current Section III(C)(1) of the
Delegation Plan, which governs the National Arbitration and Mediation
Committee (``NAMC''), into Section II(C) of the Delegation Plan.\8\
FINRA states that the NAMC's authority, role and responsibilities would
not change under the proposed rule change.\9\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\8\ Under the proposed rule change, the FINRA Regulation board
would appoint the NAMC and the NAMC would have the authority to
advise the FINRA Regulation board on issues relating to dispute
resolution.
\9\ See Notice, supra note 3, at 61548.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
In addition, FINRA proposed to make other technical and conforming
changes throughout the Delegation Plan.\10\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\10\ See Notice, supra note 3, at 61547-48 for the list of these
changes.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
B. Amendments to the FINRA Regulation By-Laws; Deletion of FINRA
Dispute Resolution By-Laws
FINRA proposed to amend the FINRA Regulation By-Laws to incorporate
substantive and unique provisions from the FINRA Dispute Resolution By-
Laws and, consequently, to delete the FINRA Dispute Resolution By-Laws
in their entirety. FINRA has represented that where differences exist
in the FINRA Dispute Resolution By-Laws that would not be incorporated
into the FINRA Regulation By-Laws under the proposed rule change, the
differences are non-substantive or would not otherwise affect the
governance or operation of the dispute resolution program.\11\
Specifically, FINRA proposed to amend the FINRA Regulation By-Laws to:
(i) Expand the definition of ``FINRA member'' for purposes of the Codes
of Arbitration Procedure to include ``any broker or dealer admitted to
membership in FINRA, whether or not the membership has been terminated
or cancelled; and any broker or dealer admitted to membership in a
self-regulatory organization that, with FINRA consent, has required its
members to arbitrate pursuant to the Code of Arbitration Procedure for
Customer Disputes or the Code of Arbitration Procedure for Industry
Disputes and/or to be treated as members of FINRA for purposes of the
Codes of Arbitration Procedure, whether or not the membership has been
terminated or cancelled;'' and (ii) amend the definitions of ``Industry
Member'' and ``Public Member'' to clarify that, for purposes of
determining membership on the NAMC, acting in the capacity as a
mediator of disputes involving a person and not representing any party
in such mediations would not be considered professional services
provided to, in the case of the term ``Industry Member,'' or a material
business relationship with, in the case of the term ``Public Member,''
such persons.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\11\ See Notice, supra note 3, at 61548.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
In addition, FINRA is proposing to amend Section 4.2 of the FINRA
Regulation By-Laws to increase the total number of directors who could
serve on the FINRA Regulation board from 15 to 17. FINRA states that
members of the FINRA Board's Regulatory Policy Committee currently
serve as the directors of the board of FINRA Regulation.\12\
Accordingly, in appointing governors of the FINRA Board to the
Regulatory Policy Committee, FINRA must adhere to the compositional
requirements for the Board of Directors of FINRA Regulation.\13\ FINRA
states that increasing the maximum number of FINRA Regulation board
seats would provide it with additional flexibility to manage its board
committee assignments and meet the compositional requirements under the
FINRA Regulation By-Laws.\14\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\12\ See Notice, supra note 3, at 61549.
\13\ See Article IV, Section 4.3(a) of the FINRA Regulation By-
Laws, which provides, among other things, that the FINRA Regulation
board must consist of at least two and not less than 20 percent of
directors who are Small Firm, Mid-Size Firm or Large Firm Governors,
and that a majority of the FINRA Regulation board must be public
directors.
\14\ See Notice, supra note 3, at 61549.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
FINRA proposed to make other conforming and technical amendments to
the FINRA Regulation By-Laws.\15\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\15\ See Notice, supra note 3, at 61548-50.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
C. Amendments to the FINRA Rules
FINRA proposed to amend several FINRA rules in connection with the
proposed merger of FINRA Dispute Resolution into FINRA Regulation to,
among other things, delete references to FINRA Dispute Resolution; add
a definition of ``FINRA Regulation;'' change references to
``subsidiaries'' or ``subsidiary'' to ``FINRA Regulation;'' remove
references to Section III of the Delegation Plan, which pertains to
FINRA Dispute Resolution, and change the language to reference FINRA
Regulation; and replace references to ``Dispute Resolution'' with
``Regulation.''
In addition, in connection with the merger, FINRA proposed to
rename FINRA Dispute Resolution as the Office of Dispute Resolution. As
discussed above, the Office of Dispute Resolution would become a
separate department within FINRA Regulation that would continue to
administer FINRA's existing dispute resolution programs. Accordingly,
the proposed rule change would add a definition of ``Office of Dispute
Resolution'' to FINRA's rules and amend various FINRA rules to replace
certain references to ``Dispute Resolution'' with ``Office of Dispute
Resolution.''
Upon completion of the merger, the position of President of FINRA
Dispute Resolution would no longer exist, therefore FINRA proposed to
delete references to the President of FINRA Dispute Resolution from its
Rules.\16\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\16\ See Rules 10103 (Director of Arbitration), 10312
(Disclosures Required of Arbitrators and Director's Authority to
Disqualify), 12103 (Director of Dispute Resolution), 12104 (Effect
of Arbitration on FINRA Regulatory Activities; Arbitrator Referral
During or at Conclusion of Case), 12203 (Denial of FINRA Forum),
12407 (Removal of Arbitrator by Director), 13103 (Director of
Dispute Resolution), 13104 (Effect of Arbitration on FINRA
Regulatory Activities; Arbitrator Referral During or at Conclusion
of Case), 13203 (Denial of FINRA Forum) and 13410 (Removal of
Arbitrator by Director). Any authority formerly granted by those
rules to the President of FINRA Dispute Resolution would be deleted
in its entirety or granted solely to the Director of the Office of
Dispute Resolution, except that in amended Rules 10103 (Director of
Arbitration), 12103 (Director of Dispute Resolution) and 13103
(Director of Dispute Resolution), the authority to appoint an
interim Director if the Director is unable to perform his duties
would be granted to the President of FINRA Regulation. FINRA also
proposed to delete references to an Executive Vice President of
FINRA Dispute Resolution from Rule 10103.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
[[Page 79634]]
III. Comment Letters and FINRA's Response
The Commission received four comment letters opposing the proposed
rule change \17\ and one comment letter expressing concerns regarding
the proposed rule change.\18\ In general, commenters believe that FINRA
Dispute Resolution should remain separate from FINRA Regulation in
order to maintain the independence and autonomy of the dispute
resolution forum.\19\ One commenter states that the proposed merger is
contrary to the stated purpose of maintaining a neutral and independent
dispute resolution program, would damage the credibility of the FINRA
arbitration program, and would ``create even more public perception
that the forum serves the purposes of the securities industry.'' \20\
Another commenter states that the proposed merger would negatively
affect investors' perceptions of the neutrality and fairness of FINRA's
dispute resolution forum.\21\ Further, one commenter argues that it is
important FINRA Dispute Resolution ``be able to adopt its own policies,
determine the appropriate allocation of its resources, and manage its
external relations'' and ``that the NAMC remain separate and apart from
[FINRA] Regulation.'' \22\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\17\ See PIABA Letter, Rhoades Letter, PIRC Letter, and CSLC
Letter. One commenter that opposes the proposed merger argues that
arbitration should be independent of FINRA altogether and should be
conducted by an independent arbitration forum such as the American
Arbitration Association. See Rhoades Letter. FINRA stated that it
believes, and the Commission agrees, that this comment is beyond the
scope of the proposed rule change. See FINRA Letter at 1, n.4.
\18\ See AAJ Letter.
\19\ See, e.g., PIABA Letter at 3-4; PIRC Letter. Two commenters
believe that the proposed rule change contradicts previous
statements made by FINRA (formerly NASD) and the Commission when
NASD first proposed, and the Commission approved, a separate dispute
resolution subsidiary. See PIABA Letter at 2-3 (citing Securities
Exchange Act Release Nos. 41510 (June 10, 1999), 64 FR 32575 (June
17, 1999) (SR-NASD-99-21) (notice of proposed rule change to create
a dispute resolution subsidiary); and 41971 (September 30, 1999), 64
FR 55793 (October 14, 1999) (SR-NASD-99-21) (order approving
proposed rule change to create a dispute resolution subsidiary). See
also PIRC Letter.
\20\ See CSLC Letter.
\21\ See PIRC Letter.
\22\ See PIABA Letter at 4.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
In addition, two commenters believe FINRA's justifications for the
proposed merger are conclusory \23\ and one commenter believes the
proposal lacks detail to support the changes being made.\24\ PIABA
states that it finds troubling FINRA's statements that the proposed
merger would better align FINRA's legal structure with the public's
perception as well as its operational realities.\25\ PIABA argues that
any public confusion regarding the distinct nature of FINRA Regulation
and FINRA Dispute Resolution results from FINRA's failure to adequately
explain to the public the different roles of each entity, and that
FINRA should take steps to improve the public's understanding that
FINRA Dispute Resolution is separate and independent from FINRA
Regulation, which the commenter believes would improve the confidence
level of forum users.\26\ In addition, PIABA argues that if FINRA has
not been operating FINRA Dispute Resolution and FINRA Regulation as two
separate and distinct entities, it should take steps to do so rather
than merging the entities.\27\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\23\ See PIABA Letter and PIRC Letter.
\24\ See AAJ Letter.
\25\ See PIABA Letter at 3.
\26\ See PIABA Letter at 3-4.
\27\ Id.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
In response, FINRA notes that it ``does not need to maintain
separate corporate entities in order to provide a fair, neutral and
efficient dispute resolution forum.'' \28\ FINRA states that FINRA,
FINRA Regulation, and FINRA Dispute Resolution largely function as a
single organization today in that the entities currently share many
administrative and support functions; FINRA Dispute Resolution remains
financially dependent on the FINRA enterprise; and the rules,
administrative processes, and leadership of the entities are largely
integrated.\29\ FINRA argues that ``the significant commonalities and
shared resources between the corporate entities serve to benefit the
dispute resolution forum and its users.'' \30\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\28\ See FINRA Letter at 3.
\29\ See FINRA Letter at 2-3. For example, FINRA notes that
FINRA Dispute Resolution staff ``works closely with the Department
of Enforcement and FINRA's operating departments to identify
misconduct by individuals or firms involved in arbitration cases
that might merit further investigation or action to ensure
protection of the investing public'' and that FINRA's procedural
rules ``specifically provide that if a FINRA arbitration panel
issues an award in favor of the claimant, and the member firm or
associated person fails to comply with the award or related
settlement, FINRA has the authority to suspend or cancel the
membership of the firm or suspend the associated person for such
non-compliance.'' Id. at 3 (citing FINRA By-Laws, Article VI,
Section 3, and FINRA Rule 9554).
\30\ See FINRA Letter at 2.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
In addition, FINRA states that it retained and incorporated into
FINRA Regulation's operations, the unique elements of the dispute
resolution program that ``strengthen its operations and enhance the
fairness and neutrality of the forum.'' \31\ Following the merger, the
NAMC, an advisory committee on arbitration matters currently maintained
by FINRA Dispute Resolution, would continue under FINRA Regulation in
``both its current form (including the requirement that non-industry
members compose at least 50 percent of the NAMC) and function
(providing input that would shape the forum's rules, policies and
procedures).'' \32\ FINRA states that the NAMC ``is a key component to
maintaining a fair and efficient forum.'' \33\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\31\ Id. at 3.
\32\ Id. at 3-4.
\33\ Id. at 4.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Moreover, FINRA states that the merger would not have a practical
effect on corporate governance of the dispute resolution forum as
members of the FINRA Board's Regulatory Policy Committee, who currently
serve as the directors of the boards of both FINRA Regulation and FINRA
Dispute Resolution,\34\ would continue to serve as directors of the
board of the merged entity, ``thereby ensuring fair representation of
FINRA's constituents in the administration of the dispute resolution
program.'' \35\ In addition, FINRA notes that the governance structure
would continue to consist of a majority of public board members,
``which helps to ensure that FINRA receives input on the forum's
proposed rules, policies and procedures from those whose backgrounds
and affiliations are not connected to the industry.'' \36\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\34\ FINRA states that ``overlapping board membership was
contemplated at the time it sought to create the dispute resolution
subsidiary as a way to provide stability and uniformity among the
corporate entities.'' See FINRA Letter at 4 (citing Securities
Exchange Act Release No. 41510, 64 FR 32575, 32586 (June 17, 1999)
(Notice of Filing of File No. SR-NASD-99-21)).
\35\ See FINRA Letter at 4. FINRA notes that the proposed rule
change would amend the FINRA Regulation corporate governance
structure to add two board seats, ``which would provide FINRA with
additional flexibility to manage its board committee assignments and
meet the compositional requirements under the FINRA Regulation By-
Laws.'' Id. at n. 13.
\36\ Id. at 4.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
FINRA states that following the merger, FINRA's dispute resolution
program will continue to function as a separate department within FINRA
Regulation, and will be overseen by the Director of the Office of
Dispute Resolution, who will be responsible for managing the day-to-day
operations of the dispute resolution program.\37\ FINRA also points out
that the merger will have no effect on its current regulatory
oversight, noting that it will still be subject to the rule filing
requirements of the Act and to
[[Page 79635]]
inspections by the Commission.\38\ FINRA argues that this ``robust
regulatory framework serves to ensure that FINRA manages and
administers the forum in a manner that is fair and protects investors
and the public interest.'' \39\
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\37\ Id. at 5.
\38\ Id.
\39\ Id.
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FINRA also states that it ``does not believe that the merger would
impact public perception of fairness of the forum'' because FINRA,
FINRA Regulation and FINRA Dispute Resolution appear to the public to
be a single organization and, furthermore, the merger will not affect
the services and benefits provided by, or the costs to use, the dispute
resolution forum, or its corporate governance or oversight.\40\ In
addition, FINRA ``does not believe it would be relevant or helpful, as
PIABA suggests, for FINRA to engage in educational efforts regarding
the existing corporate distinction'' between the entities, as
``maintaining a separate corporate entity does not contribute to the
fairness or efficiency of operating the forum.'' \41\ FINRA notes,
however, that it ``continuously engages in efforts to educate the
investing public about the services and benefits of its dispute
resolution forum, including the fairness and neutrality of the forum.''
\42\ FINRA also states that it ``has made many enhancements to the
dispute resolution program since the establishment of FINRA Dispute
Resolution that are wholly unrelated to its corporate structure[,]''
such as allowing investors to have an all public arbitration panel, and
it ``is continuously looking at ways to strengthen the dispute
resolution process and would continue to work closely with investors,
members, and other interested parties in such efforts, irrespective of
FINRA's corporate structure.'' \43\
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\40\ Id.
\41\ Id.
\42\ Id.
\43\ Id. at 6. For example, last year, FINRA formed the Dispute
Resolution Task Force to consider possible enhancements to the forum
to improve the effectiveness, transparency, impartiality and
efficiency of FINRA's securities arbitration forum for all
participants.
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PIABA states that there may be unintended consequences of merging
FINRA Dispute Resolution into FINRA Regulation, specifically
questioning whether a decision by FINRA Enforcement to decline to take
action against a member for conduct that is the subject of a pending
arbitration could be used as defensive evidence in an arbitration
proceeding.\44\ FINRA noted that this issue exists irrespective of the
proposed merger and that it has previously stated that its
determination not to take enforcement action against a member has no
evidentiary weight in a subsequent proceeding.\45\ FINRA also states
that it considers it unethical and potentially misleading to suggest to
an adjudicator or mediator that FINRA's determination is probative
evidence in a dispute on the merits of a related claim.\46\
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\44\ See PIABA Letter at 4.
\45\ See FINRA Letter at 6-7 (citing Notice to Members 02-53 at
509 (August 2002) (NASD Files Proposal to Amend Rule 3070 to Require
Filing of Criminal and Civil Complaints and Arbitration Claims with
NASD; Revises Letters Sent When Determination Made to Close an
Investigation Without Further Action)).
\46\ Id.
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One commenter states that FINRA did not provide a cost-benefit
analysis or quantify the administrative savings that will result from
the merger or state what it will do with these savings.\47\ In
response, FINRA states that proposed rule change would allow for more
efficient use of FINRA's administrative resources resulting from the
elimination of numerous tax and other regulatory filings each year.\48\
While FINRA does not expect the cost savings to have a material effect
on its budget or the costs of forum-related services, FINRA believes it
is nevertheless prudent for FINRA to ``streamline its operational
procedures and re-allocate staff involved in such processes to other
matters,'' which will enhance the efficient operation of FINRA, in turn
benefitting those who are governed by, and those who use, FINRA's
services.\49\
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\47\ See PIABA Letter at 4.
\48\ See FINRA Letter at 7. For example, FINRA states that the
merger would eliminate the need to file numerous tax filings each
year, including multiple state tax and information returns, sales
tax returns, property tax returns, as well as many state
registrations and annual reports, and also would eliminate a
separate payroll entity, eliminating the need for separate
compensation and accounting protocols. See id. at 2.
\49\ See FINRA Letter at 7.
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Two commenters believe that the comment period for the proposed
rule change was too short to allow interested parties to fully evaluate
the proposal and provide comments.\50\ FINRA argues that interested
parties were provided with sufficient time to comment on the
proposal.\51\ In this regard, FINRA notes that it adhered to the
procedures set forth in Section 19 of the Act for self-regulatory
organizations to file proposed rule changes with the Commission and
that the Commission adhered to standard practices with respect to the
proposed rule change by providing a 21 day comment period following
publication of notice of the proposed rule change in the Federal
Register.\52\
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\50\ See PIABA Letter at 1 and AAJ Letter at 1.
\51\ See FINRA Letter at 7-8.
\52\ Id.
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IV. Discussion and Commission Findings
After careful review of the proposed rule change, the comment
letters, and FINRA's response to the comments, the Commission finds
that the proposed rule change is consistent with the requirements of
the Act and the rules and regulations thereunder that are applicable to
a national securities association.\53\ Specifically, the Commission
finds that the proposed rule change is consistent with Section
15A(b)(6) of the Act,\54\ which requires, among other things, that
FINRA's rules be designed to prevent fraudulent and manipulative acts
and practices, to promote just and equitable principles of trade, and,
in general, to protect investors and the public interest.
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\53\ In approving this proposed rule change, the Commission has
considered the proposed rule's impact on efficiency, competition,
and capital formation. See 15 U.S.C. 78c(f).
\54\ 15 U.S.C. 78o-3(b)(6).
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The Commission recognizes that commenters raised concerns that in
approving the current proposal, the Commission would be contradicting
its prior findings when it approved the creation of Dispute Resolution
as a separate subsidiary.\55\ The Commission notes, however, that FINRA
is not required to maintain separate corporate entities, nor will the
maintenance of separate corporate entities ensure a fair, neutral and
efficient dispute resolution forum. FINRA represents that while the
proposed rule change would alter FINRA Dispute Resolution's corporate
status, it would not affect the services and benefits provided by, or
costs to use, the dispute resolution forum, its corporate governance,
or oversight.\56\ Moreover, the FINRA Regulation board, like the FINRA
Dispute Resolution board, will continue to consist of members of the
FINRA Board's Regulatory Policy Committee and a majority of the members
will continue to be public board members. Further, following the
merger, the NAMC, which
[[Page 79636]]
was maintained by FINRA Dispute Resolution before the merger, will be
maintained by FINRA Regulation, and the composition of the NAMC will
not change. At least 50 percent of the members must be non-industry
members. The Commission believes that the foregoing should help to
ensure the maintenance of a fair and neutral forum.
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\55\ See supra note 19.
\56\ See Notice, supra note 3, at 61546 n.8. According to FINRA,
FINRA Dispute Resolution remains financially dependent on the FINRA
enterprise, as fees received from parties who use the arbitration
and mediation programs are not sufficient to fund the forum's
arbitration and mediation activities at current cost levels. FINRA
represents that following the merger, FINRA will continue to
supplement the fees collected from users, as necessary, to maintain
a cost effective forum. See FINRA Letter at 3. The Commission
expects FINRA to ensure that the Office of Dispute Resolution is
adequately funded and able to fulfill its responsibilities.
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With respect to concerns raised by commenters regarding the public
perception of fairness if the merger is approved, the Commission notes
that the dispute resolution forum will continue to be subject to the
same Commission oversight as other departments of FINRA, which includes
the requirement to file all rule changes, which include changes to the
By-Laws, with the Commission,\57\ and the forum will continue to be
subject to inspections by the Commission and by the Government
Accountability Office, which performs audits at the request of the
United States Congress.\58\ In addition, the Commission expects FINRA
to continue to work closely with investors, members, and other
interested parties in looking at ways to strengthen the dispute
resolution process and serve the needs of the investing public, and to
consider any recommendations raised by its Dispute Resolution Task
Force \59\ for improving the effectiveness, transparency, impartiality
and efficiency of its arbitration forums.
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\57\ The arbitration program and services will continue to be
governed by the FINRA Codes of Arbitration Procedure and the
mediation program and services by the FINRA Code of Mediation
Procedure. See FINRA Rule 12000, 13000 and 14000 Series.
\58\ See Notice, supra note 3, at 61547. Moreover, FINRA has
represented that a decision not to take enforcement action against a
member has no evidentiary weight and further, that FINRA would
consider it unethical and potentially misleading to suggest that
such a determination is probative evidence in a dispute on the
merits of a related claim.
\59\ See supra note 43.
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PIABA also questioned the actual cost savings generated by the
proposed merger. FINRA indicated that the merger will reduce
unnecessary administrative burdens that result from the need to
maintain separate legal entities, such as costs and resources
associated with complying with multiple-entity regulatory and tax
filings and maintaining separate accounting protocols. The merger will
allow FINRA to streamline its operational procedures and re-allocate
staff involved in such processes, which should make FINRA's operations
more efficient.
FINRA states that the increase to the maximum number of FINRA
Regulation board seats from 15 to 17 will provide it with additional
flexibility to manage its board committee assignments and meet the
compositional requirements under the FINRA Regulation By-Laws. The
Commission notes that following the increase, the FINRA Regulation
board compositional requirements will continue to provide for the fair
representation of FINRA's members and the numerical dominance of public
directors, consistent with the requirements of the Act.
V. Conclusion
It is therefore ordered, pursuant to Section 19(b)(2) of the
Act,\60\ that the proposed rule change (SR-FINRA-2015-034), be, and
hereby is, approved.
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\60\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(2).
For the Commission, by the Division of Trading and Markets,
pursuant to delegated authority.\61\
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\61\ 17 CFR 200.30-3(a)(12).
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Robert W. Errett,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2015-32051 Filed 12-21-15; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011-01-P