Self-Regulatory Organizations; ICE Clear Europe Limited; Order Approving Proposed Rule Change Relating to Collateral and Haircut Policy, 28733-28735 [2015-12032]
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Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 96 / Tuesday, May 19, 2015 / Notices
Comments may be submitted by any of
the following methods:
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
Electronic Comments
[Release No. 34–74955; File No. SR–ICEEU–
2015–007]
• Use the Commission’s Internet
comment form (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml); or
• Send an email to rule-comments@
sec.gov. Please include File Number SR–
NYSEARCA–2015–38 on the subject
line.
Paper Comments
• Send paper comments in triplicate
to Secretary, Securities and Exchange
Commission, 100 F Street NE.,
Washington, DC 20549–1090.
tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with NOTICES
All submissions should refer to File
Number SR–NYSEARCA–2015–38. This
file number should be included on the
subject line if email is used.
To help the Commission process and
review your comments more efficiently,
please use only one method. The
Commission will post all comments on
the Commission’s Internet Web site
(https://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml).
Copies of the submission, all subsequent
amendments, all written statements
with respect to the proposed rule
change that are filed with the
Commission, and all written
communications relating to the
proposed rule change between the
Commission and any person, other than
those that may be withheld from the
public in accordance with the
provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be
available for Web site viewing and
printing in the Commission’s Public
Reference Room, 100 F Street NE.,
Washington, DC 20549, on official
business days between the hours of
10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. Copies of the
filing will also be available for
inspection and copying at the NYSE’s
principal office and on its Internet Web
site at www.nyse.com. All comments
received will be posted without change;
the Commission does not edit personal
identifying information from
submissions. You should submit only
information that you wish to make
available publicly. All submissions
should refer to File Number SR–
NYSEARCA–2015–38, and should be
submitted on or before June 9, 2015.
For the Commission, by the Division of
Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated
authority.37
Robert W. Errett,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2015–12028 Filed 5–18–15; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
37 17
CFR 200.30–3(a)(12).
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Self-Regulatory Organizations; ICE
Clear Europe Limited; Order Approving
Proposed Rule Change Relating to
Collateral and Haircut Policy
May 13, 2015.
I.Introduction
On March 13, 2015, ICE Clear Europe
Limited (‘‘ICE Clear Europe’’ or
‘‘Clearing House’’) filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission
(‘‘Commission’’) a proposed rule change
pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
(‘‘Act’’),1 and Rule 19b–4 thereunder,2
to implement a new collateral and
haircut policy (the ‘‘Haircut Policy’’)
applicable to Permitted Cover posted by
Clearing Members to meet the Clearing
House’s Margin and Guaranty Fund
requirements. The proposed rule change
was published for comment in the
Federal Register on March 31, 2015.3
The Commission did not receive
comment letters regarding the proposed
change. For the reasons discussed
below, the Commission is granting
approval of the proposed rule change.
II. Description of the Proposed Rule
Change
ICE Clear Europe proposes to
implement a Haircut Policy, which
would codify and consolidate certain
existing practices of the Clearing House
with respect to Permitted Cover. The
proposed Haircut Policy is designed (i)
to set out overall principles with respect
to the assets accepted by the Clearing
House as Permitted Cover; (ii) to
establish a framework for determining
absolute and relative limits, as
applicable, on the value of the collateral
that may be posted by a Clearing
Member as Permitted Cover; (iii) to
establish a value-at-risk (‘‘VaR’’) based
methodology for determining haircuts
for all Permitted Cover; (iv) to mitigate
wrong-way risk from Permitted Cover;
(v) to address sources for pricing
Permitted Cover; and (vi) to set out
certain related monitoring, reviewing
and reporting procedures. The Haircut
Policy would apply to Permitted Cover
provided for all product classes (F&O,
CDS and FX).4 Following
U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
CFR 240.19b–4.
3 Securities Exchange Act Release No. 34–74579
(Mar. 25, 2015), 80 FR 17132 (Mar. 31, 2015) (SR–
ICEEU–2015–007).
4 ICE Clear Europe notes that although the Haircut
Policy generally also applies to Permitted Cover
28733
implementation, the Clearing House
will from time to time adjust the
haircuts applicable to Permitted Cover
under the methodology set forth in the
policy.
The general aims of the proposed
Haircut Policy are to ensure that the
Clearing House can efficiently liquidate
all forms of Permitted Cover, that
appropriate prices are used for valuation
of Permitted Cover and that appropriate
haircuts (including, as applicable, crosscurrency haircuts) are used. The
proposed Haircut Policy would codify
certain general principles considered by
the Clearing House in accepting assets
as Permitted Cover, including
availability of pricing information, the
existence of liquid and active markets
for buyers and sellers of those assets, the
existence of sufficient price history, the
ability to liquidate Permitted Cover
without causing a market disruption,
compliance with legal and regulatory
requirements and sufficient operational
and technological framework to handle
deposit, liquidation and return of such
assets as Permitted Cover.
Under the proposed Haircut Policy,
cash collateral must be in one of several
specified currencies underlying
contracts cleared by the Clearing House.
Additional general requirements would
apply to financial instruments,
including prohibitions on acceptance of
instruments that have non-‘‘vanilla’’
features such as embedded options,
instruments issued by a Clearing
Member or its affiliate, instruments
issued by a CCP or by entities that
provide critical services to the Clearing
House (other than central banks) and
certain credit-based limits. Such limits
would require that the issuer is rated at
least ‘‘BBB¥’’ by S&P (or its
equivalent), the average yield on the
asset over the previous three months is
not greater than 8%, and the 5-year CDS
spread of the issuer has not exceeded
500 basis points over the previous three
months. The proposed Haircut Policy
provides that where market conditions
warrant, or where the Clearing House’s
sovereign risk model indicates
deteriorating credit below a certain
threshold (i.e., ‘‘BBB¥’’ by S&P), the
Clearing House may remove securities
from the list of Permitted Cover and/or
vary applicable haircuts. ICE Clear
Europe will notify Clearing Members
and other market participants of such
actions by Circular. ICE Clear Europe
maintains the current List of Permitted
1 15
2 17
PO 00000
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Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
posted with respect to Guaranty Fund requirements,
certain additional requirements apply to Guaranty
Fund contributions under the Rules and Finance
Procedures. Those additional requirements are not
proposed to be changed in connection with the
Haircut Policy.
E:\FR\FM\19MYN1.SGM
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tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with NOTICES
28734
Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 96 / Tuesday, May 19, 2015 / Notices
Cover (along with haircut rates, limits
and restrictions) on its Web site at
https://www.theice.com/publicdocs/
clear_europe/list-of-permittedcovers.pdf.
The proposed Haircut Policy contains
a methodology for setting absolute
limits on the value of non-cash
Permitted Cover that can be posted by
a Clearing Member.5 Absolute collateral
limits would apply across a group of
affiliated Clearing Members and apply
across all product categories cleared by
that group. The policy also sets out
relative (or concentration) limits for
Permitted Cover provided by a Clearing
Member. ICE Clear Europe publishes on
its Web site the current absolute and
relative limits on government bonds
provided as Permitted Cover. In
addition, the policy sets out procedures
for monitoring of limits on a daily basis
and for remediation of breach of a limit
by a Clearing Member. The risk
management department will monitor
all collateral limits on a daily basis
using a collateral breakdown report
which flags limit breaches. Breaches
will be reviewed internally and the
relevant Clearing Member will be
contacted. Breaches can be remediated
by posting additional collateral, removal
of collateral that is in breach of a limit,
or both of the above.
The policy also provides for a riskbased reduction in absolute limits for
government bonds based on the credit
default swap (‘‘CDS’’) spread for the
relevant issuer in order to mitigate
wrong-way risk arising from government
bonds accepted as Permitted Cover.
Once the spread exceeds a specified
level for a particular issuer, the absolute
limit for Permitted Collateral of that
issuer would be reduced pursuant to a
defined formula. If the spread exceeds a
second level, the absolute limit will be
reduced to 5% of the otherwise
applicable original limit. Spread levels
are determined using a five-day average
to avoid excessive volatility. The
specified parameters will be reviewed
on a quarterly basis.
Specific wrong-way risk arising in
connection with clearing of Western
European sovereign CDS is addressed
through a requirement that U.S. dollar
denominated collateral be provided for
initial margin and that a portion of the
CDS Guaranty Fund be U.S. dollarbased (determined based on the ratio
between the dollar-denominated and
Euro-denominated initial margin
requirements for CDS). In addition,
where the member’s aggregate short
5 The Clearing House does not impose absolute or
relative limits on the use of U.S. Treasury securities
as Permitted Cover.
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position in sovereign CDS with respect
to a sovereign exceeds a specified
threshold, the Clearing House may
decline to accept government bonds of
that sovereign or any other sovereign
bonds that exhibit certain correlations
with such government bonds.
The Haircut Policy also addresses
potential wrong-way risk arising from
Permitted Cover more generally. The
Clearing House will monitor collateral
on a daily basis. Where the Clearing
House considers there to be strong
general wrong-way risk between a
Clearing Member and the asset it is
posting, the Clearing House will ask the
member to change the composition of
collateral to mitigate that risk.
The Haircut Policy establishes a VaRbased methodology for determining
haircuts for Permitted Cover. Under the
proposed Haircut Policy, the Clearing
House will calculate six different
estimations of VaR for each applicable
risk factor. Each estimation is calculated
using a 99.9% confidence interval
(applicable to Permitted Cover posted
with respect to all product categories).
The proposed haircut will be based on
the largest VaR of the 6 estimations. The
policy specifies relevant price sources
that will be used for the calculation of
haircuts for each type of Permitted
Cover. Haircuts will be determined
using the bid prices of Permitted Cover
assets, in order to account for higher
liquidation costs in stressed markets.
The applicable haircuts will be
reviewed on a monthly basis, or more
frequently where the risk management
department deems it necessary.
Under the proposed policy, the risk
management department may further
adjust the haircut determined under the
model as it determines prudent in light
of additional qualitative and
quantitative factors, including: the
Clearing House’s credit assessment of
the issuer, current market conditions
and volatility, expected future volatility,
the liquidity of the underlying market
for the asset, including bid/ask spread,
wrong way risk considerations, VaR
estimates determined for a period of
stressed market conditions, and other
factors that might affect the liquidity or
value of an asset in stressed market
conditions. ICE Clear Europe anticipates
that such adjustments to the value
calculated under the model would be
used only in exceptional circumstances
and would expect to use such
adjustments to increase haircuts in
stressed market circumstances. ICE
Clear Europe has stated that it will make
judicious use of current market
information to override the model but
anticipates exercising this ability in less
than 5% of haircut rates.
PO 00000
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Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
The proposed Haircut Policy also sets
a minimum haircut level of 3% in order
to avoid pro-cyclical variation in
haircuts and will review this minimum
level annually under the Haircut Policy.
In addition, a haircut add-on of up to
1% will be applied during the period
until the next monthly review to issuers
presenting increased credit risk. The
add-on is applied once the issuer’s CDS
spread exceeds a specified level, and
increases in steps of 0.25% up to a
maximum of 1% where the CDS spread
exceeds higher thresholds. The add-on
is generally designed to anticipate
potential haircut increases as part of the
next monthly review cycle.
The proposed policy also imposes
cross-currency haircuts to address the
exchange rate risk faced by the Clearing
House where the Permitted Cover is
denominated in a different currency
from the currency of the applicable
margin requirement. Under the
proposed Haircut Policy, cross-currency
haircuts are determined using the same
methodology described above for other
haircuts, but are subject to a minimum
haircut of 4.5%. Cross-currency haircuts
will be applied in addition to any
applicable haircut for the relevant form
of Permitted Cover.
The Clearing House will monitor
Permitted Cover on a daily and intraday
basis. The Clearing House may, under
its existing Rules and the Haircut
Policy, take action to mitigate any
change in risk, including by increasing
haircuts, calling for additional
collateral, reducing concentration limits
and removing an asset from eligibility as
Permitted Cover. The Clearing House
will monitor the value of Permitted
Cover deposited with it on a real time
basis. Any change in a member’s intraday cover value that is greater than 3%
will be flagged immediately by the Risk
Management intraday monitoring
system that is monitored by the Risk
Management team throughout the
business day. Any breach will be
investigated and appropriate action
taken where necessary. The Clearing
House also will backtest haircuts based
on price moves observed in the markets
on a daily basis, and review haircut
levels if a price move breaches an
existing haircut. The Clearing House
will prepare daily reports with respect
to Permitted Cover for purposes of
internal monitoring and provide
monthly reports to the relevant Risk
Committees and Board Risk Committee.
The Clearing House will review the
Haircut Policy on an annual basis
(which will include review by the Board
Risk Committee) or where there is a
material change to the risk exposure of
the Clearing House. The Haircut Policy
E:\FR\FM\19MYN1.SGM
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Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 96 / Tuesday, May 19, 2015 / Notices
tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with NOTICES
also will be independently reviewed
annually under the Clearing House’s
model governance framework.
III. Discussion and Commission
Findings
Section 19(b)(2)(C) of the Act 6 directs
the Commission to approve a proposed
rule change of a self-regulatory
organization if the Commission finds
that such proposed rule change is
consistent with the requirements of the
Act and the rules and regulations
thereunder applicable to such selfregulatory organization. Section
17A(b)(3)(F) of the Act 7 requires, among
other things, that the rules of a clearing
agency are designed to promote the
prompt and accurate clearance and
settlement of securities transactions
and, to the extent applicable, derivative
agreements, contracts, and transactions
and, in general, to protect investors and
the public interest.
The Commission finds that the
proposed rule change is consistent with
Section 17A of the Act 8 and the rules
thereunder applicable to ICE Clear
Europe. The proposed Haircut Policy
will codify the general principles and
limitations for assets accepted by ICE
Clear Europe as Permitted Cover. The
proposed policy also provides a
framework for ensuring that appropriate
prices are used to value Permitted Cover
and establishes a VaR-based
methodology, utilizing six different
estimations for each applicable risk
factor and calculating each estimation
using a 99.9% confidence interval, for
determining haircuts to ensure that the
value of Permitted Cover held by ICE
Clear Europe is sufficient to cover the
Clearing House’s Margin and Guaranty
Fund requirements. The policy also
provides a methodology for setting
absolute and relative concentration
limits on particular bonds a Clearing
Member may provide as Permitted
Cover to guard against liquidity and
concentration risks and establishes
several measures designed to mitigate
wrong-way-risk. In addition, the
proposed policy provides procedures for
the regular review and monitoring of
Permitted Cover and associated haircuts
and permits the Clearing House to
respond promptly to changes in market
conditions by modifying haircuts or
other limits on Permitted Cover.
Accordingly, the Commission believes
that the Haircut Policy is designed to
appropriately value Permitted Cover
and enable ICE Clear Europe to
efficiently and effectively liquidate all
6 15
U.S.C. 78s(b)(2)(C).
7 15 U.S.C. 78q–1(b)(3)(F).
8 15 U.S.C. 78q–1.
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16:53 May 18, 2015
Jkt 235001
forms of accepted Permitted Cover to
satisfy its payment obligations in the
event of a Clearing Member default. The
Commission therefore finds that the
proposed rule change is designed to
promote the prompt and accurate
clearance and settlement of securities
transactions and, to the extent
applicable, derivative agreements,
contracts, and transactions and, in
general, to protect investors and the
public interest in accordance with
Section 17A(b)(3)(F) of the Act.9
IV. Conclusion
On the basis of the foregoing, the
Commission finds that the proposal is
consistent with the requirements of the
Act and in particular with the
requirements of Section 17A of the
Act 10 and the rules and regulations
thereunder.
It is therefore ordered, pursuant to
Section 19(b)(2) of the Act,11 that the
proposed rule change (File No. SR–
ICEEU–2015–007) be, and hereby is,
approved.12
For the Commission, by the Division of
Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated
authority.13
Robert W. Errett,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2015–12032 Filed 5–18–15; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
[Release No. 34–74947; File No. SR–
NYSEArca–2015–39]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; NYSE
Arca, Inc.; Notice of Filing and
Immediate Effectiveness of Proposed
Rule Change Amending the NYSE Arca
Equities Schedule of Fees and
Charges for Exchange Services To
Reduce Fees for Routing Certain Retail
Orders to Away Market Centers
May 13, 2015.
Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) 1 of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the
‘‘Act’’) 2 and Rule 19b–4 thereunder,3
notice is hereby given that, on April 30,
2015, NYSE Arca, Inc. (the ‘‘Exchange’’
or ‘‘NYSE Arca’’) filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission
9 15
U.S.C. 78q–1(b)(3)(F).
U.S.C. 78q–1.
11 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(2).
12 In approving the proposed rule change, the
Commission considered the proposal’s impact on
efficiency, competition and capital formation. 15
U.S.C. 78c(f).
13 17 CFR 200.30–3(a)(12).
1 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
2 15 U.S.C. 78a.
3 17 CFR 240.19b–4.
10 15
PO 00000
Frm 00157
Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
28735
(the ‘‘Commission’’) the proposed rule
change as described in Items I, II, and
III below, which Items have been
prepared by the self-regulatory
organization. The Commission is
publishing this notice to solicit
comments on the proposed rule change
from interested persons.
I. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Terms of Substance of
the Proposed Rule Change
The Exchange proposes to amend the
NYSE Arca Equities Schedule of Fees
and Charges for Exchange Services
(‘‘Fee Schedule’’) to reduce fees for
routing certain retail orders to away
market centers. The Exchange proposes
to implement the changes on May 1,
2015. The text of the proposed rule
change is available on the Exchange’s
Web site at www.nyse.com, at the
principal office of the Exchange, and at
the Commission’s Public Reference
Room.
II. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
Change
In its filing with the Commission, the
self-regulatory organization included
statements concerning the purpose of,
and basis for, the proposed rule change
and discussed any comments it received
on the proposed rule change. The text
of those statements may be examined at
the places specified in Item IV below.
The Exchange has prepared summaries,
set forth in sections A, B, and C below,
of the most significant parts of such
statements.
A. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Purpose of, and the
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
Change
1. Purpose
The Exchange proposes to amend the
Fee Schedule to reduce fees for routing
certain retail orders to away market
centers. The Exchange proposes to
implement the changes on May 1, 2015.
The Exchange currently charges
$0.0029 per share for all orders in Tape
A Securities that are routed outside the
Book to the NYSE; and $0.0035 per
share for all orders in Tape B Securities
and Tape C Securities that are routed
outside the Book to any away market
center.
The Exchange proposes to reduce the
fees for certain orders, i.e., for Primary
Until 9:45 Orders 4 and Primary After
4 A Primary Until 9:45 Order is an Order entered
for participation on the primary market until 9:45
a.m. Eastern Time (6:45 a.m. Pacific Time) after
E:\FR\FM\19MYN1.SGM
Continued
19MYN1
Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 80, Number 96 (Tuesday, May 19, 2015)]
[Notices]
[Pages 28733-28735]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2015-12032]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
[Release No. 34-74955; File No. SR-ICEEU-2015-007]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; ICE Clear Europe Limited; Order
Approving Proposed Rule Change Relating to Collateral and Haircut
Policy
May 13, 2015.
I.Introduction
On March 13, 2015, ICE Clear Europe Limited (``ICE Clear Europe''
or ``Clearing House'') filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission (``Commission'') a proposed rule change pursuant to Section
19(b)(1) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (``Act''),\1\ and Rule
19b-4 thereunder,\2\ to implement a new collateral and haircut policy
(the ``Haircut Policy'') applicable to Permitted Cover posted by
Clearing Members to meet the Clearing House's Margin and Guaranty Fund
requirements. The proposed rule change was published for comment in the
Federal Register on March 31, 2015.\3\ The Commission did not receive
comment letters regarding the proposed change. For the reasons
discussed below, the Commission is granting approval of the proposed
rule change.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
\2\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4.
\3\ Securities Exchange Act Release No. 34-74579 (Mar. 25,
2015), 80 FR 17132 (Mar. 31, 2015) (SR-ICEEU-2015-007).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
II. Description of the Proposed Rule Change
ICE Clear Europe proposes to implement a Haircut Policy, which
would codify and consolidate certain existing practices of the Clearing
House with respect to Permitted Cover. The proposed Haircut Policy is
designed (i) to set out overall principles with respect to the assets
accepted by the Clearing House as Permitted Cover; (ii) to establish a
framework for determining absolute and relative limits, as applicable,
on the value of the collateral that may be posted by a Clearing Member
as Permitted Cover; (iii) to establish a value-at-risk (``VaR'') based
methodology for determining haircuts for all Permitted Cover; (iv) to
mitigate wrong-way risk from Permitted Cover; (v) to address sources
for pricing Permitted Cover; and (vi) to set out certain related
monitoring, reviewing and reporting procedures. The Haircut Policy
would apply to Permitted Cover provided for all product classes (F&O,
CDS and FX).\4\ Following implementation, the Clearing House will from
time to time adjust the haircuts applicable to Permitted Cover under
the methodology set forth in the policy.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\4\ ICE Clear Europe notes that although the Haircut Policy
generally also applies to Permitted Cover posted with respect to
Guaranty Fund requirements, certain additional requirements apply to
Guaranty Fund contributions under the Rules and Finance Procedures.
Those additional requirements are not proposed to be changed in
connection with the Haircut Policy.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The general aims of the proposed Haircut Policy are to ensure that
the Clearing House can efficiently liquidate all forms of Permitted
Cover, that appropriate prices are used for valuation of Permitted
Cover and that appropriate haircuts (including, as applicable, cross-
currency haircuts) are used. The proposed Haircut Policy would codify
certain general principles considered by the Clearing House in
accepting assets as Permitted Cover, including availability of pricing
information, the existence of liquid and active markets for buyers and
sellers of those assets, the existence of sufficient price history, the
ability to liquidate Permitted Cover without causing a market
disruption, compliance with legal and regulatory requirements and
sufficient operational and technological framework to handle deposit,
liquidation and return of such assets as Permitted Cover.
Under the proposed Haircut Policy, cash collateral must be in one
of several specified currencies underlying contracts cleared by the
Clearing House. Additional general requirements would apply to
financial instruments, including prohibitions on acceptance of
instruments that have non-``vanilla'' features such as embedded
options, instruments issued by a Clearing Member or its affiliate,
instruments issued by a CCP or by entities that provide critical
services to the Clearing House (other than central banks) and certain
credit-based limits. Such limits would require that the issuer is rated
at least ``BBB-'' by S&P (or its equivalent), the average yield on the
asset over the previous three months is not greater than 8%, and the 5-
year CDS spread of the issuer has not exceeded 500 basis points over
the previous three months. The proposed Haircut Policy provides that
where market conditions warrant, or where the Clearing House's
sovereign risk model indicates deteriorating credit below a certain
threshold (i.e., ``BBB-'' by S&P), the Clearing House may remove
securities from the list of Permitted Cover and/or vary applicable
haircuts. ICE Clear Europe will notify Clearing Members and other
market participants of such actions by Circular. ICE Clear Europe
maintains the current List of Permitted
[[Page 28734]]
Cover (along with haircut rates, limits and restrictions) on its Web
site at https://www.theice.com/publicdocs/clear_europe/list-of-permitted-covers.pdf.
The proposed Haircut Policy contains a methodology for setting
absolute limits on the value of non-cash Permitted Cover that can be
posted by a Clearing Member.\5\ Absolute collateral limits would apply
across a group of affiliated Clearing Members and apply across all
product categories cleared by that group. The policy also sets out
relative (or concentration) limits for Permitted Cover provided by a
Clearing Member. ICE Clear Europe publishes on its Web site the current
absolute and relative limits on government bonds provided as Permitted
Cover. In addition, the policy sets out procedures for monitoring of
limits on a daily basis and for remediation of breach of a limit by a
Clearing Member. The risk management department will monitor all
collateral limits on a daily basis using a collateral breakdown report
which flags limit breaches. Breaches will be reviewed internally and
the relevant Clearing Member will be contacted. Breaches can be
remediated by posting additional collateral, removal of collateral that
is in breach of a limit, or both of the above.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\5\ The Clearing House does not impose absolute or relative
limits on the use of U.S. Treasury securities as Permitted Cover.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The policy also provides for a risk-based reduction in absolute
limits for government bonds based on the credit default swap (``CDS'')
spread for the relevant issuer in order to mitigate wrong-way risk
arising from government bonds accepted as Permitted Cover. Once the
spread exceeds a specified level for a particular issuer, the absolute
limit for Permitted Collateral of that issuer would be reduced pursuant
to a defined formula. If the spread exceeds a second level, the
absolute limit will be reduced to 5% of the otherwise applicable
original limit. Spread levels are determined using a five-day average
to avoid excessive volatility. The specified parameters will be
reviewed on a quarterly basis.
Specific wrong-way risk arising in connection with clearing of
Western European sovereign CDS is addressed through a requirement that
U.S. dollar denominated collateral be provided for initial margin and
that a portion of the CDS Guaranty Fund be U.S. dollar-based
(determined based on the ratio between the dollar-denominated and Euro-
denominated initial margin requirements for CDS). In addition, where
the member's aggregate short position in sovereign CDS with respect to
a sovereign exceeds a specified threshold, the Clearing House may
decline to accept government bonds of that sovereign or any other
sovereign bonds that exhibit certain correlations with such government
bonds.
The Haircut Policy also addresses potential wrong-way risk arising
from Permitted Cover more generally. The Clearing House will monitor
collateral on a daily basis. Where the Clearing House considers there
to be strong general wrong-way risk between a Clearing Member and the
asset it is posting, the Clearing House will ask the member to change
the composition of collateral to mitigate that risk.
The Haircut Policy establishes a VaR-based methodology for
determining haircuts for Permitted Cover. Under the proposed Haircut
Policy, the Clearing House will calculate six different estimations of
VaR for each applicable risk factor. Each estimation is calculated
using a 99.9% confidence interval (applicable to Permitted Cover posted
with respect to all product categories). The proposed haircut will be
based on the largest VaR of the 6 estimations. The policy specifies
relevant price sources that will be used for the calculation of
haircuts for each type of Permitted Cover. Haircuts will be determined
using the bid prices of Permitted Cover assets, in order to account for
higher liquidation costs in stressed markets. The applicable haircuts
will be reviewed on a monthly basis, or more frequently where the risk
management department deems it necessary.
Under the proposed policy, the risk management department may
further adjust the haircut determined under the model as it determines
prudent in light of additional qualitative and quantitative factors,
including: the Clearing House's credit assessment of the issuer,
current market conditions and volatility, expected future volatility,
the liquidity of the underlying market for the asset, including bid/ask
spread, wrong way risk considerations, VaR estimates determined for a
period of stressed market conditions, and other factors that might
affect the liquidity or value of an asset in stressed market
conditions. ICE Clear Europe anticipates that such adjustments to the
value calculated under the model would be used only in exceptional
circumstances and would expect to use such adjustments to increase
haircuts in stressed market circumstances. ICE Clear Europe has stated
that it will make judicious use of current market information to
override the model but anticipates exercising this ability in less than
5% of haircut rates.
The proposed Haircut Policy also sets a minimum haircut level of 3%
in order to avoid pro-cyclical variation in haircuts and will review
this minimum level annually under the Haircut Policy. In addition, a
haircut add-on of up to 1% will be applied during the period until the
next monthly review to issuers presenting increased credit risk. The
add-on is applied once the issuer's CDS spread exceeds a specified
level, and increases in steps of 0.25% up to a maximum of 1% where the
CDS spread exceeds higher thresholds. The add-on is generally designed
to anticipate potential haircut increases as part of the next monthly
review cycle.
The proposed policy also imposes cross-currency haircuts to address
the exchange rate risk faced by the Clearing House where the Permitted
Cover is denominated in a different currency from the currency of the
applicable margin requirement. Under the proposed Haircut Policy,
cross-currency haircuts are determined using the same methodology
described above for other haircuts, but are subject to a minimum
haircut of 4.5%. Cross-currency haircuts will be applied in addition to
any applicable haircut for the relevant form of Permitted Cover.
The Clearing House will monitor Permitted Cover on a daily and
intraday basis. The Clearing House may, under its existing Rules and
the Haircut Policy, take action to mitigate any change in risk,
including by increasing haircuts, calling for additional collateral,
reducing concentration limits and removing an asset from eligibility as
Permitted Cover. The Clearing House will monitor the value of Permitted
Cover deposited with it on a real time basis. Any change in a member's
intra-day cover value that is greater than 3% will be flagged
immediately by the Risk Management intraday monitoring system that is
monitored by the Risk Management team throughout the business day. Any
breach will be investigated and appropriate action taken where
necessary. The Clearing House also will backtest haircuts based on
price moves observed in the markets on a daily basis, and review
haircut levels if a price move breaches an existing haircut. The
Clearing House will prepare daily reports with respect to Permitted
Cover for purposes of internal monitoring and provide monthly reports
to the relevant Risk Committees and Board Risk Committee.
The Clearing House will review the Haircut Policy on an annual
basis (which will include review by the Board Risk Committee) or where
there is a material change to the risk exposure of the Clearing House.
The Haircut Policy
[[Page 28735]]
also will be independently reviewed annually under the Clearing House's
model governance framework.
III. Discussion and Commission Findings
Section 19(b)(2)(C) of the Act \6\ directs the Commission to
approve a proposed rule change of a self-regulatory organization if the
Commission finds that such proposed rule change is consistent with the
requirements of the Act and the rules and regulations thereunder
applicable to such self-regulatory organization. Section 17A(b)(3)(F)
of the Act \7\ requires, among other things, that the rules of a
clearing agency are designed to promote the prompt and accurate
clearance and settlement of securities transactions and, to the extent
applicable, derivative agreements, contracts, and transactions and, in
general, to protect investors and the public interest.
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\6\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(2)(C).
\7\ 15 U.S.C. 78q-1(b)(3)(F).
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The Commission finds that the proposed rule change is consistent
with Section 17A of the Act \8\ and the rules thereunder applicable to
ICE Clear Europe. The proposed Haircut Policy will codify the general
principles and limitations for assets accepted by ICE Clear Europe as
Permitted Cover. The proposed policy also provides a framework for
ensuring that appropriate prices are used to value Permitted Cover and
establishes a VaR-based methodology, utilizing six different
estimations for each applicable risk factor and calculating each
estimation using a 99.9% confidence interval, for determining haircuts
to ensure that the value of Permitted Cover held by ICE Clear Europe is
sufficient to cover the Clearing House's Margin and Guaranty Fund
requirements. The policy also provides a methodology for setting
absolute and relative concentration limits on particular bonds a
Clearing Member may provide as Permitted Cover to guard against
liquidity and concentration risks and establishes several measures
designed to mitigate wrong-way-risk. In addition, the proposed policy
provides procedures for the regular review and monitoring of Permitted
Cover and associated haircuts and permits the Clearing House to respond
promptly to changes in market conditions by modifying haircuts or other
limits on Permitted Cover. Accordingly, the Commission believes that
the Haircut Policy is designed to appropriately value Permitted Cover
and enable ICE Clear Europe to efficiently and effectively liquidate
all forms of accepted Permitted Cover to satisfy its payment
obligations in the event of a Clearing Member default. The Commission
therefore finds that the proposed rule change is designed to promote
the prompt and accurate clearance and settlement of securities
transactions and, to the extent applicable, derivative agreements,
contracts, and transactions and, in general, to protect investors and
the public interest in accordance with Section 17A(b)(3)(F) of the
Act.\9\
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\8\ 15 U.S.C. 78q-1.
\9\ 15 U.S.C. 78q-1(b)(3)(F).
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IV. Conclusion
On the basis of the foregoing, the Commission finds that the
proposal is consistent with the requirements of the Act and in
particular with the requirements of Section 17A of the Act \10\ and the
rules and regulations thereunder.
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\10\ 15 U.S.C. 78q-1.
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It is therefore ordered, pursuant to Section 19(b)(2) of the
Act,\11\ that the proposed rule change (File No. SR-ICEEU-2015-007) be,
and hereby is, approved.\12\
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\11\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(2).
\12\ In approving the proposed rule change, the Commission
considered the proposal's impact on efficiency, competition and
capital formation. 15 U.S.C. 78c(f).
For the Commission, by the Division of Trading and Markets,
pursuant to delegated authority.\13\
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\13\ 17 CFR 200.30-3(a)(12).
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Robert W. Errett,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2015-12032 Filed 5-18-15; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011-01-P