New Car Assessment Program, 4630-4634 [2015-01461]
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Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 18 / Wednesday, January 28, 2015 / Notices
388, that the issuance of the waiver will
have an unduly adverse effect on a U.S.vessel builder or a business that uses
U.S.-flag vessels in that business, a
waiver will not be granted. Comments
should refer to the docket number of
this notice and the vessel name in order
for MARAD to properly consider the
comments. Comments should also state
the commenter’s interest in the waiver
application, and address the waiver
criteria given in 388.4 of MARAD’s
regulations at 46 CFR part 388.
Privacy Act
Anyone is able to search the
electronic form of all comments
received into any of our dockets by the
name of the individual submitting the
comment (or signing the comment, if
submitted on behalf of an association,
business, labor union, etc.). You may
review DOT’s complete Privacy Act
Statement in the Federal Register
published on April 11, 2000 (65 FR
19476).
By Order of the Maritime Administrator.
Dated: January 20, 2015.
Julie P. Agarwal,
Secretary, Maritime Administration.
[FR Doc. 2015–01542 Filed 1–27–15; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE P
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
National Highway Traffic Safety
Administration
[Docket No. NHTSA–2015–0006]
New Car Assessment Program
National Highway Traffic
Safety Administration (NHTSA),
Department of Transportation (DOT).
ACTION: Request for comments.
AGENCY:
This document requests
public comment on the National
Highway Traffic Safety Administration’s
(NHTSA) plan to update its New Car
Assessment Program (NCAP). If this
plan is implemented, NHTSA would
recommend to consumers various
vehicle models that are equipped with
automatic emergency braking (AEB)
systems, which can enhance the driver’s
ability to avoid or mitigate rear-end
crashes. For many years, NCAP has
provided comparative information on
the safety of new vehicles to assist
consumers with vehicle purchasing
decisions. NCAP was upgraded
beginning with model year 2011
vehicles to include recommended crash
avoidance technologies in its program.
Including this information in NCAP
allows consumers to compare not only
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SUMMARY:
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the level of crash protection afforded by
certain vehicles they are considering to
purchase, but also the types of advanced
crash avoidance technologies that are
recommended by the agency to help
them avoid crashes.
DATES: You should submit your
comments early enough to ensure that
Docket Management receives them no
later than March 30, 2015.
ADDRESSES: Comments should refer to
the docket number above and be
submitted by one of the following
methods:
• Federal Rulemaking Portal: https://
www.regulations.gov. Follow the online
instructions for submitting comments.
• Mail: Docket Management Facility,
U.S. Department of Transportation, 1200
New Jersey Avenue SE., West Building
Ground Floor, Room W12–140,
Washington, DC 20590–0001.
• Hand Delivery: 1200 New Jersey
Avenue SE., West Building Ground
Floor, Room W12–140, Washington, DC,
between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m. ET, Monday
through Friday, except Federal
Holidays.
• Instructions: For detailed
instructions on submitting comments,
see the Public Participation heading of
the SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION section
of this document. Note that all
comments received will be posted
without change to https://
www.regulations.gov, including any
personal information provided.
• Privacy Act: Anyone is able to
search the electronic form of all
comments received into any of our
dockets by the name of the individual
submitting the comment (or signing the
comment, if submitted on behalf of an
association, business, labor union, etc.).
You may review DOT’s complete
Privacy Act Statement in the Federal
Register published on April 11, 2000
(65 FR 19477–78). For access to the
docket to read background documents
or comments received, go to https://
www.regulations.gov or the street
address listed above. Follow the online
instructions for accessing the dockets.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
For technical issues: Dr. Abigail
Morgan, Office of Crash Avoidance
Standards, Telephone: 202–366–1810,
Facsimile: 202–366–5930, NVS–122.
For NCAP issues: Mr. Clarke Harper,
Office of Crash Avoidance Standards,
Telephone: 202–366–1810, Facsimile:
202–366–5930, NVS–120.
For legal issues: Mr. David Jasinski
and Ms. Analiese Marchesseault, Office
of the Chief Counsel, Telephone: 202–
366–2992, Facsimile: 202–366–3820,
NCC–112.
The mailing address for these officials
is as follows: National Highway Traffic
PO 00000
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Safety Administration, 1200 New Jersey
Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20590.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The
National Highway Traffic Safety
Administration’s (NHTSA) New Car
Assessment Program (NCAP) provides
comparative safety rating information
on new vehicles to assist consumers
with their vehicle purchasing decisions.
NCAP was upgraded beginning with
model year 2011 vehicles to include,
among other changes, recommended
advanced crash avoidance technologies
when these technologies meet NCAP’s
performance criteria. Technologies that
were part of the 2011 upgrade were
electronic stability control (ESC),
forward collision warning (FCW), and
lane departure warning (LDW).
Subsequently, in 2014, NHTSA replaced
ESC, which is now mandatory for all
new light vehicles, with another
technology, rearview video systems
(RVS).1
FCW detects vehicles ahead and
cautions a driver of an impending
collision, so the driver can brake or steer
to avoid or mitigate the collision. LDW
monitors lane markings on the road and
cautions a driver of unintentional lane
drift. RVS assists the driver in seeing
whether there are any obstructions,
particularly a person or people, in the
area immediately behind the vehicle.
The RVS is generally installed in the
rear of the vehicle and connected to a
video screen.
This document requests comments on
the agency’s plan to further upgrade
NCAP to include recommendations to
consumers of vehicle models that are
equipped with automatic emergency
braking (AEB) systems, specifically
crash imminent braking (CIB) and
dynamic brake support (DBS), which
can use information from an FCW
system’s sensors to enhance the driver’s
ability to avoid or mitigate rear-end
crashes. CIB systems provide automatic
braking when forward-looking sensors
indicate that a crash is imminent and
the driver is not braking. DBS systems
provide supplemental braking when
sensors determine that driver-applied
braking is insufficient to avoid an
imminent crash.
This plan would add CIB and DBS to
the three crash avoidance technologies
that the agency currently recommends
on the agency’s Web site,
1 On April 7, 2014, NHTSA published a final rule
(79 FR 19177) requiring rearview video systems.
The rule provides a phase-in period that begins on
May 1, 2016 and ends on May 1, 2018 when all new
light vehicles will be required to be equipped with
RVS. As was done with electronic stability control,
RVS will no longer be an NCAP recommended
technology once RVS is required on all new light
vehicles.
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www.safercar.gov. By including CIB and
DBS systems into NCAP, consumers
would receive important information
regarding the safety risks associated
with rear-end crashes and the vehicle
models that offer effective
countermeasures, which can assist the
driver in avoiding or mitigating these
crashes. In addition, the agency believes
that if it recognizes AEB systems that
meet NCAP’s performance measures,
and thereby encourages consumers to
purchase vehicles that are equipped
with these systems, manufacturers
would have an incentive to offer these
systems on additional vehicles they
produce.
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Crash Imminent Braking and Dynamic
Brake Support as Recommended
Advanced Technology Features
In addition to issuing star ratings
based on the crashworthiness and
rollover resistance of vehicle models,
the agency also provides additional
information to consumers by
recommending certain advanced crash
avoidance technologies on the agency’s
Web site, www.safercar.gov. For each
vehicle make/model, the Web site
currently shows (in addition to a list of
some of the vehicle’s safety features) the
model’s 5-star crashworthiness and
rollover resistance ratings and whether
the vehicle model is equipped with any
of the three advanced crash avoidance
safety technologies that the agency
currently recommends to consumers.
NHTSA began recommending advanced
crash avoidance technologies to
consumers starting with the model year
2011.2 The agency recommends vehicle
technologies to consumers as part of
NCAP if the technology: (1) Addresses
a major crash problem, (2) is supported
by information that supports its
potential or actual safety benefit, and (3)
is able to be tested by repeatable
performance tests and procedures to
ensure a certain level of performance.
For more than three years, NHTSA
has been carefully reviewing and
evaluating CIB and DBS systems. The
agency has also conducted test track
research to better understand the
performance capabilities of these
systems. This work is documented in
two reports, ‘‘Forward-Looking
Advanced Braking Technologies
Research Report’’ (June 2012) 3 and
‘‘Automatic Emergency Braking System
Research Report’’ (August 2014).4
2 See
73 FR 40016.
https://www.Regulations.gov, NHTSA 2012–
0057–0001.
4 See https://www.Regulations.gov, NHTSA 2012–
0057–0037.
3 See
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CIB and DBS systems are two crash
avoidance systems designed to mitigate
or avoid rear-end crashes. The agency’s
research found that CIB and DBS
systems are commercially available on a
number of different production vehicles
and these systems can be tested
successfully to defined performance
measures. NHTSA has developed
performance measures to ensure that
CIB and DBS systems address the rearend crash safety problem in real-world
situations by providing automatic or
supplemental vehicle braking that will
help drivers mitigate or avoid rear-end
crashes. The agency found that systems
meeting these performance measures
have the potential to help reduce the
number of rear-end crashes as well as
deaths and injuries that result from
these crashes. Therefore, the agency
believes that it is appropriate to include
CIB and DBS systems in NCAP as
recommended crash avoidance
technologies on www.safercar.gov.
In addition to the agency’s research
on CIB and DBS systems, these AEB
technologies were among the topics
included in an April 5, 2013, Request
for comments notice on a variety of
potential areas for improvement of
NCAP.5 Most commenters supported
including CIB and DBS in NCAP. Some
commenters stated generally that
available research supports the agency’s
conclusion that these technologies are
effective at reducing rear-end crashes
with some of those commenters citing
specific research they had conducted
that they deemed relevant.6
Rear-end crashes constitute a
significant vehicle safety problem. In a
detailed analysis of 2006–2008 crash
data,7 NHTSA determined that
approximately 1,700,000 rear-end
crashes involving passenger vehicles
occur each year.8 These crashes result in
approximately 1,000 deaths and 700,000
injuries annually. The size of the safety
problem has remained consistent since
then. In 2012, the most recent year for
which data are available, there were a
total of 1,663,000 rear-end crashes.
These rear-end crashes in 2012 resulted
in 1,172 deaths and 706,000 injuries,
78 FR 20597.
https://www.Regulations.gov, NHTSA 2012–
0180. For discussions of specific research see
comments of Robert Bosch LLC, NHTSA–2012–
0180–0028, and the Insurance Institute for Highway
Safety (IIHS), NHTSA–2012–0180–0026.
7 These estimates were derived from NHTSA’s
2006–2008 Fatality Analysis Reporting System
(FARS) data and non-fatal cases in NHTSA’s 2006–
2008 National Automotive Sampling System
General Estimates System (NASS/GES) data.
8 The 1,700,000 total cited in the two NHTSA
reports reflects only crashes in which the front of
a passenger vehicle impacts the rear of another
vehicle.
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which represents 3 percent of all
fatalities and 30 percent of all injuries
from motor vehicle crashes in 2012.9 10
As part of its rear-end crash analysis,
the agency concluded that AEB systems
would have had a favorable impact on
a little more than one-half of rear-end
crashes.11 The remaining crashes, which
involved circumstances such as high
speed crashes resulting in a fatality in
the lead vehicle or one vehicle suddenly
cutting in front of another vehicle, were
not crashes that current AEB systems
would be able to prevent or mitigate.
The agency has estimated CIB and DBS
system effectiveness based on its
research findings from track testing of
these systems.
In July 2012, the agency issued a
Request for comments notice seeking
feedback on its CIB and DBS research.12
Ford Motor Company indicated that the
Lead Vehicle Stopped (LVS) scenario
actually consists of two scenarios, one
in which the lead vehicle is actually
stopped or stationary, and one in which
the lead vehicle is decelerating and
comes to a stop before the crash occurs
but could have been previously seen
moving by the AEB system sensors.
Additional analysis of LVS crashes
found that these crashes are evenly split
between lead vehicle stopped and lead
vehicle decelerating to a stop (LVD–S)
crashes, each representing about 32
percent of the rear-end crash
population.
The agency is issuing this document
to request comments on its plan to
update NCAP. The agency believes that,
through NCAP, it can help not only to
educate consumers on the role AEB
technologies play in addressing rear-end
crashes, but also to utilize market
incentives to encourage wider
incorporation of these important safety
technologies.
The advanced crash avoidance
technologies that are currently
recommended by NHTSA through
NCAP (as ‘‘Recommended Advanced
Technology Features’’) are shown on
www.safercar.gov. Our plan is to add
CIB and DBS systems as recommended
advanced technology features on our
Web site.
5 See
6 See
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9 See
NHTSA’s Traffic Safety Facts 2012, Page 70.
approximately 1,000 deaths per year in
2006–2008 were limited to two-vehicle crashes, as
fatal crash data at the time did not contain detailed
information on crashes involving three or more
vehicles. This information was added starting with
the 2010 data year, and the 1,172 deaths in 2012
occurred in crashes involving any number of
vehicles.
11 See ‘‘Forward-Looking Advanced Braking
Technologies Research Report’’ (June 2012). (https://
www.Regulations.gov, NHTSA 2012–0057–0001),
page 12.
12 See 77 FR 39561.
10 The
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Planned Criteria for Recognizing a
Vehicle Make/Model as Having a
Recommended CIB or DBS System
For the agency to determine which
CIB and DBS systems it will recommend
to consumers, NHTSA needs a means
for evaluating CIB and DBS systems.
The agency has developed test
procedures for both CIB and DBS
systems as part of its research effort.13
Although these procedures have been
designed to provide a reasonable
assessment of overall system
performance, the agency may modify
the number of test scenarios and the
number of test trials per test scenario to
accommodate the practical needs of
NCAP. The following sections provide a
brief summary of the CIB and DBS
planned test procedures. The
information presented here is intended
to indicate the level of vehicle
performance the test procedures would
set in order for CIB and DBS systems to
receive NCAP recommendation.
The planned test procedures represent
the four primary scenarios present in
the rear-end crash target population.
They also include a fifth scenario to
assess whether an AEB system activates
in a specific non-crash-imminent
scenario (subsequently referred to as a
‘‘false positive’’ scenario). The five test
scenarios are:
1. Lead vehicle stopped (LVS)
2. Lead vehicle moving (LVM) at a
constant speed slower than the SV
3. Lead vehicle decelerating (LVD)
4. Lead vehicle decelerating to a stop
(LVD–S)
5. False positive test (steel trench plate,
STP)
Tables 1 and 2 present the test speeds
and performance measures developed
for each of NHTSA’s AEB test scenarios
for CIB and DBS. As shown in the
second column of these tables, the test
speeds for the vehicle being tested
(hereinafter, the subject vehicle (SV))
and for the lead vehicle (hereinafter,
principal other vehicle (POV)) are the
same for the respective CIB and DBS
scenarios. However, in most cases, the
DBS performance measures specify a
greater SV speed reduction than the
corresponding CIB test (the exception
being the LVM test performed with a SV
speed of 25 mph). This is because the
speed reductions present during DBS
evaluations are the result of the
foundation brake application plus the
supplementary effect of DBS, and the
foundation brake applications used
during DBS evaluations are typically
commanded earlier than the automatic
brake applications during CIB tests.
TABLE 1—CIB TEST SCENARIOS AND SYSTEM PERFORMANCE TEST MEASURES
Scenarios
Speeds of vehicles
Satisfactory performance
LVS ..................................................
SV 25 mph (40.2 km/h) .................
POV 0 mph (0 km/h)
SV 25 mph (40.2 km/h) .................
POV 10 mph (16.1 km/h)
SV 45 mph (72.4 km/h) .................
POV 20 mph (32.2 km/h)
SV 35 mph (56.3 km/h) .................
POV 35 mph (56.3 km/h)
SV 25 mph (40.2 km/h) .................
POV 25 mph (40.2 km/h)
25 mph (40.2 km/h) .......................
45 mph (72.4 km/h) .......................
Speed reduction of ≥9.8 mph (15.8 km/h) for at least 7 of 8 valid test
trials.
No SV-to-POV impact for at least 7 of 8 valid test trials.
LVM .................................................
LVM .................................................
LVD .................................................
LVD–S .............................................
False positive ..................................
False positive ..................................
Speed reduction of ≥9.8 mph (15.8 km/h) for at least 7 of 8 valid test
trials.
Speed reduction of ≥10.5 mph (16.9 km/h) for at least 7 of 8 valid
test trials.
Speed reduction of ≥9.8 mph (15.8 km/h) for at least 7 of 8 valid test
trials.
Peak SV deceleration ≤0.25g.
Peak SV deceleration ≤0.25g.
TABLE 2—DBS TEST SCENARIOS AND SYSTEM PERFORMANCE MEASURES
Scenarios
Speeds of vehicles
LVS ..................................................
False positive ..................................
SV 25 mph (40.2 km/h) .................
POV 0 mph (0 km/h)
SV 25 mph (40.2 km/h) .................
POV 10 mph (16.1 km/h)
SV 45 mph (72.4 km/h) .................
POV 20 mph (32.2 km/h)
SV 35 mph (56.3 km/h) .................
POV 35 mph (56.3 km/h)
SV 25 mph (40.2 km/h) .................
POV 25 mph (40.2 km/h)
25 mph (40.2 km/h) .......................
False positive ..................................
45 mph (72.4 km/h) .......................
LVM .................................................
LVM .................................................
LVD .................................................
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LVD–S .............................................
Satisfactory performance
No SV-to-POV impact for at least 7 of 8 valid test trials.
No SV-to-POV impact for at least 7 of 8 valid test trials.
No SV-to-POV impact for at least 7 of 8 valid test trials.
No SV-to-POV impact for at least 7 of 8 valid test trials.
No SV-to-POV impact for at least 7 of 8 valid test trials.
Peak SV deceleration ≤125% of the average peak SV deceleration
realized during a series of baseline brake stops.
Peak SV deceleration ≤125% of the average peak SV deceleration
realized during a series of baseline brake stops.
As currently written, each test
procedure involves a total of 56 test
runs (eight valid test trials for each of
the seven test scenarios). The test
procedures also include time to
condition the SV brakes, including a full
FMVSS No. 135 brake burnish prior to
testing and a brake warming regiment to
ensure the initial brake temperature is
within a range before each test trial.
Additionally, because the DBS
evaluations specify that the SV brakes
be applied, the DBS procedures include
a series of eight brake characterization
13 Copies of the test procedures that were used by
NHTSA to conduct light vehicle AEB system
evaluations in 2014 may be found at https://
www.Regulations.gov, NHTSA–2012–0057–0038.
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tests. The purpose of these brake
characterization tests is to determine the
position and force input magnitudes to
be used by the brake controller robot
during test conduct. This process
determines the amount of braking to
apply during DBS testing that is
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sufficiently high to activate the DBS
system being tested, yet low enough that
the SV’s conventional brake assist
system 14 is not activated. NHTSA plans
to use a programmable brake controller
to apply all brake applications defined
in the DBS test procedure.
Also with respect to the DBS test
procedure, the agency found that in
some vehicles, the brake pedal moves
toward the floor during DBS activation
without the driver applying additional
force to the pedal. In this situation, the
force at the brake pedal will decrease if
the brake controller maintains a
constant pedal position (rather than
following it as it moves to the floor).
Even though the brake pedal position
does not change, the DBS system may
misinterpret this force reduction as the
driver releasing the brakes, incorrectly
assuming that strong supplemental DBS
braking is no longer needed. To address
this, NHTSA has supplemented the
displacement (i.e., position) feedbackbased brake applications in the DBS test
procedure with an optional brake
application technique featuring ‘‘hybrid
feedback’’ control, which includes a
combination of displacement and force
control.
Hybrid feedback helped certain
vehicles reach their DBS-enhanced
braking potential by preventing the
applied brake force from falling to zero.
However, the limited data collected
indicate use of hybrid-based braking
will not benefit most vehicles. With a
few exceptions, vehicles achieved better
DBS performance with displacement
feedback brake applications as opposed
to hybrid feedback brake applications.
The agency will work with
manufacturers to understand their
preference of the optional hybrid
feedback or displacement-based
feedback during NHTSA’s evaluation of
their vehicles.
For the purpose of conducting AEB
testing, the agency designed and
manufactured a strikeable surrogate
vehicle (SSV).15 The physical
appearance of the SSV resembles the
rear section of a 2011 Ford Fiesta
hatchback. The SSV is constructed
primarily from carbon fiber, which
enables the SSV to withstand repeated
impacts with negligible change in its
shape over time and without causing
14 Conventional brake assist system is a
technology that initiates supplemental braking
based on brake pedal application rate without the
use of any forward-sensing information.
15 For details of the NHTSA designed SSV, see
https://www.Regulations.gov, NHTSA–2012–0057–
0032, NHTSA’s Stirkeable Surrogate Vehicle (SSV)
Design Overview, and NHTSA–2012–0057–0034,
Radar Measurements of NHTSA’s Surrogate Vehicle
(SSV).
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harm to test drivers or damage to
vehicles being evaluated. If it is struck
and damaged, the SSV can be
reconstructed to its original
specifications. Our testing shows that
the SSV generates CIB and DBS system
activation just as an actual vehicle
would. The agency plans to use the SSV
to evaluate the performance of vehicles.
Public Participation
On what topics is the agency requesting
comments?
This document requests comments on
the agency’s plan to recommend CIB
and DBS systems in the NCAP program.
Based on comments received in
response to the April 5, 2013, Request
for comments notice on a variety of
potential areas for improvement of
NCAP (78 FR 20597), including CIB and
DBS, the agency believes that motor
vehicle manufacturers, suppliers, and
consumer advocacy groups generally
agree that consumers would benefit
from being provided with information
about CIB and DBS systems and their
potential to help drivers avoid rear-end
crashes. However, the agency will
consider whether there are compelling
arguments against including CIB and
DBS system evaluations in NCAP.
The agency is also interested in any
suggestions or observations regarding
the practical aspects of incorporating
CIB and DBS system evaluations into
NCAP as recommended technologies. In
particular, the agency would be
interested in any comments or
suggestions regarding the following:
• Test procedures: What is the
general response to the planned test
procedures? How will the combination
of test scenarios and test speeds
described provide an accurate
representation of real-world CIB and
DBS system performance, and how can
they be improved? Can any of the
scenarios be removed from the test
procedures while still ensuring a certain
level of system performance? If so, what
are they and why? Similarly, why and
how should the number of test trials per
scenario be reduced? What, if any,
specific improvements to the test
procedures are still necessary?
• The Strikeable Surrogate Vehicle
(SSV): Are there specific elements that
would cause NHTSA’s SSV to be
inappropriate for use in the agency’s
CIB and DBS performance evaluations?
If so, what are they, and how are they
a problem? Will the SSV meet the needs
for CIB and DBS evaluation for the
foreseeable future? If not, why not?
What alternatives could be considered
and why?
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• DBS Test Brake Application
Strategy: We seek comment on whether
the two brake application methods
defined in the DBS test procedure, those
based on displacement or hybrid
control, provide NHTSA with enough
flexibility to accurately assess the
performance of all DBS systems. What
specific refinements, if any, are needed
to either application method?
• CIB and DBS Research: We seek
comment on whether there is any recent
research concerning CIB and DBS
systems that is not reflected in the
agency’s research to date. If so, please
provide a reference to that research.
How do I prepare and submit
comments?
Your comments must be written and
in English. To ensure that your
comments are filed correctly in the
docket, please include the docket
number of this document in your
comments.
Your comments must not be more
than 15 pages long (49 CFR 553.21).
NHTSA established this limit to
encourage you to write your primary
comments in a concise fashion.
However, you may attach necessary
additional documents to your
comments. There is no limit on the
length of the attachments.
Please submit one copy (two copies if
submitting by mail or hand delivery) of
your comments, including the
attachments, to the docket following the
instructions given above under
ADDRESSES. Please note, if you are
submitting comments electronically as a
PDF (Adobe) file, we ask that the
documents submitted be scanned using
an Optical Character Recognition (OCR)
process, thus allowing the agency to
search and copy certain portions of your
submissions.
How do I submit confidential business
information?
If you wish to submit any information
under a claim of confidentiality, you
should submit three copies of your
complete submission, including the
information you claim to be confidential
business information, to the Office of
the Chief Counsel, NHTSA, at the
address given above under FOR FURTHER
INFORMATION CONTACT. In addition, you
may submit a copy (two copies if
submitting by mail or hand delivery),
from which you have deleted the
claimed confidential business
information, to the docket by one of the
methods given above under ADDRESSES.
When you send a comment containing
information claimed to be confidential
business information, you should
include a cover letter setting forth the
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information specified in NHTSA’s
confidential business information
regulation (49 CFR part 512).
Will the agency consider late
comments?
NHTSA will consider all comments
received before the close of business on
the comment closing date indicated
above under DATES. To the extent
possible, the agency will also consider
comments received after that date.
How can I read the comments submitted
by other people?
You may read the comments received
at the address given above under
ADDRESSES. The hours of the docket are
indicated above in the same location.
You may also see the comments on the
Internet, identified by the docket
number at the heading of this notice, at
https://www.regulations.gov.
Please note that, even after the
comment closing date, NHTSA may
continue to file relevant information in
the docket as it becomes available.
Further, some people may submit late
comments. Accordingly, the agency
recommends that you periodically
check the docket for new material.
Anyone is able to search the
electronic form of all comments
received into any of our dockets by the
name of the individual submitting the
comment (or signing the comment, if
submitted on behalf of an association,
business, labor union, etc.). You may
review DOT’s complete Privacy Act
Statement in the Federal Register
published on April 11, 2000 (65 FR
19477-78) or you may visit https://
www.dot.gov/privacy.html.
Issued in Washington, DC, under authority
delegated in 49 CFR 1.95 and 501.8.
Daniel C. Smith,
Senior Associate Administrator for Vehicle
Safety.
[FR Doc. 2015–01461 Filed 1–27–15; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910–59–P
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Surface Transportation Board
mstockstill on DSK4VPTVN1PROD with NOTICES
[Docket No. FD 35897]
R. J. Corman Railroad Company/
Carolina Lines, LLC—Acquisition and
Operation Exemption—The Baltimore
and Annapolis Railroad Company d/b/
a Carolina Southern Railroad Company
R. J. Corman Railroad Company/
Carolina Lines, LLC (RJC-Carolina), a
noncarrier, has filed a verified notice of
exemption under 49 CFR 1150.31 to
acquire from The Baltimore and
Annapolis Railroad Company d/b/a
VerDate Sep<11>2014
16:41 Jan 27, 2015
Jkt 235001
Carolina Southern Railroad Company
(CALA) and operate two interconnected
rail lines totaling approximately 74.9
miles in North Carolina and South
Carolina (the Line). The Line extends
from: (1) Milepost AL 326.0, at Mullins,
S.C., to milepost AC 290.0, at
Whiteville, N.C.; and (2) milepost ACH
297.2, at Chadbourn, N.C., to milepost
ACH 336.1, at Conway, S.C. RJCCarolina will also acquire one mile of
incidental, local trackage rights from
CALA, extending between milepost AC
290.0 and milepost AC 289.0, at or near
Whiteville.
This transaction is related to a
concurrently filed verified notice of
exemption in R. J. Corman Railroad
Group—Continuance in Control
Exemption—R. J. Corman Railroad/
Carolina Lines, Docket No. FD 35898, in
which R. J. Corman Railroad Group,
LLC, and R. J. Corman Railroad
Company, LLC, seek Board approval
under 49 CFR 1180.2(d)(2) to continue
in control of RJC-Carolina upon RJCCarolina’s becoming a Class III rail
carrier.
RJC-Carolina certifies that its
projected revenues upon consummation
of the proposed transaction will not
result in the creation of a Class I or Class
II rail carrier and states that its projected
annual revenues will not exceed $5
million.
RJC-Carolina states that it intends to
consummate the proposed transaction
on or after February 11, 2015, the
effective date of the exemption (30 days
after the verified notice was filed).
If the verified notice contains false or
misleading information, the exemption
is void ab initio. Petitions to revoke the
exemption under 49 U.S.C. 10502(d)
may be filed at any time. The filing of
a petition to revoke will not
automatically stay the effectiveness of
the exemption. Petitions to stay must be
filed no later than February 4, 2015 (at
least seven days before the exemption
becomes effective).
An original and 10 copies of all
pleadings, referring to Docket No. FD
35897, must be filed with the Surface
Transportation Board, 395 E Street SW.,
Washington, DC 20423–0001. In
addition, a copy of each pleading must
be served on Robert A. Wimbish,
Fletcher & Sippel LLC, 29 North Wacker
Drive, Suite 920, Chicago, IL 60606–
2832.
Board decisions and notices are
available on our Web site at
‘‘WWW.STB.DOT.GOV.’’
Decided: January 23, 2015.
PO 00000
Frm 00106
Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
By the Board, Rachel D. Campbell,
Director, Office of Proceedings.
Raina S. White,
Clearance Clerk.
[FR Doc. 2015–01553 Filed 1–27–15; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4915–01–P
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Surface Transportation Board
Notice and Request for Comments
AGENCY:
Surface Transportation Board,
DOT.
60-day notice and request for
comments: Application to Open a
Billing Account.
ACTION:
As required by the Paperwork
Reduction Act of 1995, 44 U.S.C. 3501–
3519 (PRA), the Surface Transportation
Board (STB or Board) gives notice of its
intent to request from the Office of
Management and Budget (OMB) an
extension of approval without revision
of a currently approved information
collection: Application to Open a
Billing Account. The information
collection is described in detail below.
Comments are requested concerning: (1)
The accuracy of the Board’s burden
estimates; (2) ways to enhance the
quality, utility, and clarity of the
information collected; (3) ways to
minimize the burden of the collection of
information on the respondents,
including the use of automated
collection techniques or other forms of
information technology, when
appropriate; and (4) whether this
collection of information is necessary
for the proper performance of the
functions of the Board, including
whether the collection has practical
utility. Submitted comments will be
summarized and included in the
Board’s request for OMB approval.
SUMMARY:
Description of Collection
Title: Application to Open a Billing
Account.
OMB Control Number: 2140–0006.
STB Form Number: STB Form 1032.
Type of Review: Extension of a
currently approved collection.
Respondents: Rail carriers, shippers,
and others doing business before the
STB.
Number of Respondents: 5.
Estimated Time per Response: Less
than .08 hours, based on actual survey
of respondents.
Frequency: One time per respondent.
Total Burden Hours (annually
including all respondents): Less than 0.4
hours.
Total ‘‘Non-hour Burden’’ Cost: No
‘‘non-hour cost’’ burdens associated
E:\FR\FM\28JAN1.SGM
28JAN1
Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 80, Number 18 (Wednesday, January 28, 2015)]
[Notices]
[Pages 4630-4634]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2015-01461]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
[Docket No. NHTSA-2015-0006]
New Car Assessment Program
AGENCY: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA),
Department of Transportation (DOT).
ACTION: Request for comments.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: This document requests public comment on the National Highway
Traffic Safety Administration's (NHTSA) plan to update its New Car
Assessment Program (NCAP). If this plan is implemented, NHTSA would
recommend to consumers various vehicle models that are equipped with
automatic emergency braking (AEB) systems, which can enhance the
driver's ability to avoid or mitigate rear-end crashes. For many years,
NCAP has provided comparative information on the safety of new vehicles
to assist consumers with vehicle purchasing decisions. NCAP was
upgraded beginning with model year 2011 vehicles to include recommended
crash avoidance technologies in its program. Including this information
in NCAP allows consumers to compare not only the level of crash
protection afforded by certain vehicles they are considering to
purchase, but also the types of advanced crash avoidance technologies
that are recommended by the agency to help them avoid crashes.
DATES: You should submit your comments early enough to ensure that
Docket Management receives them no later than March 30, 2015.
ADDRESSES: Comments should refer to the docket number above and be
submitted by one of the following methods:
Federal Rulemaking Portal: https://www.regulations.gov.
Follow the online instructions for submitting comments.
Mail: Docket Management Facility, U.S. Department of
Transportation, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE., West Building Ground Floor,
Room W12-140, Washington, DC 20590-0001.
Hand Delivery: 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE., West Building
Ground Floor, Room W12-140, Washington, DC, between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m.
ET, Monday through Friday, except Federal Holidays.
Instructions: For detailed instructions on submitting
comments, see the Public Participation heading of the SUPPLEMENTARY
INFORMATION section of this document. Note that all comments received
will be posted without change to https://www.regulations.gov, including
any personal information provided.
Privacy Act: Anyone is able to search the electronic form
of all comments received into any of our dockets by the name of the
individual submitting the comment (or signing the comment, if submitted
on behalf of an association, business, labor union, etc.). You may
review DOT's complete Privacy Act Statement in the Federal Register
published on April 11, 2000 (65 FR 19477-78). For access to the docket
to read background documents or comments received, go to https://www.regulations.gov or the street address listed above. Follow the
online instructions for accessing the dockets.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
For technical issues: Dr. Abigail Morgan, Office of Crash Avoidance
Standards, Telephone: 202-366-1810, Facsimile: 202-366-5930, NVS-122.
For NCAP issues: Mr. Clarke Harper, Office of Crash Avoidance
Standards, Telephone: 202-366-1810, Facsimile: 202-366-5930, NVS-120.
For legal issues: Mr. David Jasinski and Ms. Analiese
Marchesseault, Office of the Chief Counsel, Telephone: 202-366-2992,
Facsimile: 202-366-3820, NCC-112.
The mailing address for these officials is as follows: National
Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE.,
Washington, DC 20590.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The National Highway Traffic Safety
Administration's (NHTSA) New Car Assessment Program (NCAP) provides
comparative safety rating information on new vehicles to assist
consumers with their vehicle purchasing decisions. NCAP was upgraded
beginning with model year 2011 vehicles to include, among other
changes, recommended advanced crash avoidance technologies when these
technologies meet NCAP's performance criteria. Technologies that were
part of the 2011 upgrade were electronic stability control (ESC),
forward collision warning (FCW), and lane departure warning (LDW).
Subsequently, in 2014, NHTSA replaced ESC, which is now mandatory for
all new light vehicles, with another technology, rearview video systems
(RVS).\1\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ On April 7, 2014, NHTSA published a final rule (79 FR 19177)
requiring rearview video systems. The rule provides a phase-in
period that begins on May 1, 2016 and ends on May 1, 2018 when all
new light vehicles will be required to be equipped with RVS. As was
done with electronic stability control, RVS will no longer be an
NCAP recommended technology once RVS is required on all new light
vehicles.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
FCW detects vehicles ahead and cautions a driver of an impending
collision, so the driver can brake or steer to avoid or mitigate the
collision. LDW monitors lane markings on the road and cautions a driver
of unintentional lane drift. RVS assists the driver in seeing whether
there are any obstructions, particularly a person or people, in the
area immediately behind the vehicle. The RVS is generally installed in
the rear of the vehicle and connected to a video screen.
This document requests comments on the agency's plan to further
upgrade NCAP to include recommendations to consumers of vehicle models
that are equipped with automatic emergency braking (AEB) systems,
specifically crash imminent braking (CIB) and dynamic brake support
(DBS), which can use information from an FCW system's sensors to
enhance the driver's ability to avoid or mitigate rear-end crashes. CIB
systems provide automatic braking when forward-looking sensors indicate
that a crash is imminent and the driver is not braking. DBS systems
provide supplemental braking when sensors determine that driver-applied
braking is insufficient to avoid an imminent crash.
This plan would add CIB and DBS to the three crash avoidance
technologies that the agency currently recommends on the agency's Web
site,
[[Page 4631]]
www.safercar.gov. By including CIB and DBS systems into NCAP, consumers
would receive important information regarding the safety risks
associated with rear-end crashes and the vehicle models that offer
effective countermeasures, which can assist the driver in avoiding or
mitigating these crashes. In addition, the agency believes that if it
recognizes AEB systems that meet NCAP's performance measures, and
thereby encourages consumers to purchase vehicles that are equipped
with these systems, manufacturers would have an incentive to offer
these systems on additional vehicles they produce.
Crash Imminent Braking and Dynamic Brake Support as Recommended
Advanced Technology Features
In addition to issuing star ratings based on the crashworthiness
and rollover resistance of vehicle models, the agency also provides
additional information to consumers by recommending certain advanced
crash avoidance technologies on the agency's Web site,
www.safercar.gov. For each vehicle make/model, the Web site currently
shows (in addition to a list of some of the vehicle's safety features)
the model's 5-star crashworthiness and rollover resistance ratings and
whether the vehicle model is equipped with any of the three advanced
crash avoidance safety technologies that the agency currently
recommends to consumers. NHTSA began recommending advanced crash
avoidance technologies to consumers starting with the model year
2011.\2\ The agency recommends vehicle technologies to consumers as
part of NCAP if the technology: (1) Addresses a major crash problem,
(2) is supported by information that supports its potential or actual
safety benefit, and (3) is able to be tested by repeatable performance
tests and procedures to ensure a certain level of performance.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\2\ See 73 FR 40016.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
For more than three years, NHTSA has been carefully reviewing and
evaluating CIB and DBS systems. The agency has also conducted test
track research to better understand the performance capabilities of
these systems. This work is documented in two reports, ``Forward-
Looking Advanced Braking Technologies Research Report'' (June 2012) \3\
and ``Automatic Emergency Braking System Research Report'' (August
2014).\4\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\3\ See https://www.Regulations.gov, NHTSA 2012-0057-0001.
\4\ See https://www.Regulations.gov, NHTSA 2012-0057-0037.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
CIB and DBS systems are two crash avoidance systems designed to
mitigate or avoid rear-end crashes. The agency's research found that
CIB and DBS systems are commercially available on a number of different
production vehicles and these systems can be tested successfully to
defined performance measures. NHTSA has developed performance measures
to ensure that CIB and DBS systems address the rear-end crash safety
problem in real-world situations by providing automatic or supplemental
vehicle braking that will help drivers mitigate or avoid rear-end
crashes. The agency found that systems meeting these performance
measures have the potential to help reduce the number of rear-end
crashes as well as deaths and injuries that result from these crashes.
Therefore, the agency believes that it is appropriate to include CIB
and DBS systems in NCAP as recommended crash avoidance technologies on
www.safercar.gov.
In addition to the agency's research on CIB and DBS systems, these
AEB technologies were among the topics included in an April 5, 2013,
Request for comments notice on a variety of potential areas for
improvement of NCAP.\5\ Most commenters supported including CIB and DBS
in NCAP. Some commenters stated generally that available research
supports the agency's conclusion that these technologies are effective
at reducing rear-end crashes with some of those commenters citing
specific research they had conducted that they deemed relevant.\6\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\5\ See 78 FR 20597.
\6\ See https://www.Regulations.gov, NHTSA 2012-0180. For
discussions of specific research see comments of Robert Bosch LLC,
NHTSA-2012-0180-0028, and the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety
(IIHS), NHTSA-2012-0180-0026.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rear-end crashes constitute a significant vehicle safety problem.
In a detailed analysis of 2006-2008 crash data,\7\ NHTSA determined
that approximately 1,700,000 rear-end crashes involving passenger
vehicles occur each year.\8\ These crashes result in approximately
1,000 deaths and 700,000 injuries annually. The size of the safety
problem has remained consistent since then. In 2012, the most recent
year for which data are available, there were a total of 1,663,000
rear-end crashes. These rear-end crashes in 2012 resulted in 1,172
deaths and 706,000 injuries, which represents 3 percent of all
fatalities and 30 percent of all injuries from motor vehicle crashes in
2012.9 10
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\7\ These estimates were derived from NHTSA's 2006-2008 Fatality
Analysis Reporting System (FARS) data and non-fatal cases in NHTSA's
2006-2008 National Automotive Sampling System General Estimates
System (NASS/GES) data.
\8\ The 1,700,000 total cited in the two NHTSA reports reflects
only crashes in which the front of a passenger vehicle impacts the
rear of another vehicle.
\9\ See NHTSA's Traffic Safety Facts 2012, Page 70.
\10\ The approximately 1,000 deaths per year in 2006-2008 were
limited to two-vehicle crashes, as fatal crash data at the time did
not contain detailed information on crashes involving three or more
vehicles. This information was added starting with the 2010 data
year, and the 1,172 deaths in 2012 occurred in crashes involving any
number of vehicles.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
As part of its rear-end crash analysis, the agency concluded that
AEB systems would have had a favorable impact on a little more than
one-half of rear-end crashes.\11\ The remaining crashes, which involved
circumstances such as high speed crashes resulting in a fatality in the
lead vehicle or one vehicle suddenly cutting in front of another
vehicle, were not crashes that current AEB systems would be able to
prevent or mitigate. The agency has estimated CIB and DBS system
effectiveness based on its research findings from track testing of
these systems.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\11\ See ``Forward-Looking Advanced Braking Technologies
Research Report'' (June 2012). (https://www.Regulations.gov, NHTSA
2012-0057-0001), page 12.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
In July 2012, the agency issued a Request for comments notice
seeking feedback on its CIB and DBS research.\12\ Ford Motor Company
indicated that the Lead Vehicle Stopped (LVS) scenario actually
consists of two scenarios, one in which the lead vehicle is actually
stopped or stationary, and one in which the lead vehicle is
decelerating and comes to a stop before the crash occurs but could have
been previously seen moving by the AEB system sensors. Additional
analysis of LVS crashes found that these crashes are evenly split
between lead vehicle stopped and lead vehicle decelerating to a stop
(LVD-S) crashes, each representing about 32 percent of the rear-end
crash population.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\12\ See 77 FR 39561.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The agency is issuing this document to request comments on its plan
to update NCAP. The agency believes that, through NCAP, it can help not
only to educate consumers on the role AEB technologies play in
addressing rear-end crashes, but also to utilize market incentives to
encourage wider incorporation of these important safety technologies.
The advanced crash avoidance technologies that are currently
recommended by NHTSA through NCAP (as ``Recommended Advanced Technology
Features'') are shown on www.safercar.gov. Our plan is to add CIB and
DBS systems as recommended advanced technology features on our Web
site.
[[Page 4632]]
Planned Criteria for Recognizing a Vehicle Make/Model as Having a
Recommended CIB or DBS System
For the agency to determine which CIB and DBS systems it will
recommend to consumers, NHTSA needs a means for evaluating CIB and DBS
systems. The agency has developed test procedures for both CIB and DBS
systems as part of its research effort.\13\ Although these procedures
have been designed to provide a reasonable assessment of overall system
performance, the agency may modify the number of test scenarios and the
number of test trials per test scenario to accommodate the practical
needs of NCAP. The following sections provide a brief summary of the
CIB and DBS planned test procedures. The information presented here is
intended to indicate the level of vehicle performance the test
procedures would set in order for CIB and DBS systems to receive NCAP
recommendation.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\13\ Copies of the test procedures that were used by NHTSA to
conduct light vehicle AEB system evaluations in 2014 may be found at
https://www.Regulations.gov, NHTSA-2012-0057-0038.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The planned test procedures represent the four primary scenarios
present in the rear-end crash target population. They also include a
fifth scenario to assess whether an AEB system activates in a specific
non-crash-imminent scenario (subsequently referred to as a ``false
positive'' scenario). The five test scenarios are:
1. Lead vehicle stopped (LVS)
2. Lead vehicle moving (LVM) at a constant speed slower than the SV
3. Lead vehicle decelerating (LVD)
4. Lead vehicle decelerating to a stop (LVD-S)
5. False positive test (steel trench plate, STP)
Tables 1 and 2 present the test speeds and performance measures
developed for each of NHTSA's AEB test scenarios for CIB and DBS. As
shown in the second column of these tables, the test speeds for the
vehicle being tested (hereinafter, the subject vehicle (SV)) and for
the lead vehicle (hereinafter, principal other vehicle (POV)) are the
same for the respective CIB and DBS scenarios. However, in most cases,
the DBS performance measures specify a greater SV speed reduction than
the corresponding CIB test (the exception being the LVM test performed
with a SV speed of 25 mph). This is because the speed reductions
present during DBS evaluations are the result of the foundation brake
application plus the supplementary effect of DBS, and the foundation
brake applications used during DBS evaluations are typically commanded
earlier than the automatic brake applications during CIB tests.
Table 1--CIB Test Scenarios and System Performance Test Measures
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Speeds of Satisfactory
Scenarios vehicles performance
------------------------------------------------------------------------
LVS........................... SV 25 mph (40.2 Speed reduction of
km/h). >=9.8 mph (15.8 km/
POV 0 mph (0 km/ h) for at least 7 of
h). 8 valid test trials.
LVM........................... SV 25 mph (40.2 No SV-to-POV impact
km/h). for at least 7 of 8
POV 10 mph (16.1 valid test trials.
km/h).
LVM........................... SV 45 mph (72.4 Speed reduction of
km/h). >=9.8 mph (15.8 km/
POV 20 mph (32.2 h) for at least 7 of
km/h). 8 valid test trials.
LVD........................... SV 35 mph (56.3 Speed reduction of
km/h). >=10.5 mph (16.9 km/
POV 35 mph (56.3 h) for at least 7 of
km/h). 8 valid test trials.
LVD-S......................... SV 25 mph (40.2 Speed reduction of
km/h). >=9.8 mph (15.8 km/
POV 25 mph (40.2 h) for at least 7 of
km/h). 8 valid test trials.
False positive................ 25 mph (40.2 km/ Peak SV deceleration
h). <=0.25g.
False positive................ 45 mph (72.4 km/ Peak SV deceleration
h). <=0.25g.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 2--DBS Test Scenarios and System Performance Measures
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Speeds of Satisfactory
Scenarios vehicles performance
------------------------------------------------------------------------
LVS........................... SV 25 mph (40.2 No SV-to-POV impact
km/h). for at least 7 of 8
POV 0 mph (0 km/ valid test trials.
h).
LVM........................... SV 25 mph (40.2 No SV-to-POV impact
km/h). for at least 7 of 8
POV 10 mph (16.1 valid test trials.
km/h).
LVM........................... SV 45 mph (72.4 No SV-to-POV impact
km/h). for at least 7 of 8
POV 20 mph (32.2 valid test trials.
km/h).
LVD........................... SV 35 mph (56.3 No SV-to-POV impact
km/h). for at least 7 of 8
POV 35 mph (56.3 valid test trials.
km/h).
LVD-S......................... SV 25 mph (40.2 No SV-to-POV impact
km/h). for at least 7 of 8
POV 25 mph (40.2 valid test trials.
km/h).
False positive................ 25 mph (40.2 km/ Peak SV deceleration
h). <=125% of the
average peak SV
deceleration
realized during a
series of baseline
brake stops.
False positive................ 45 mph (72.4 km/ Peak SV deceleration
h). <=125% of the
average peak SV
deceleration
realized during a
series of baseline
brake stops.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
As currently written, each test procedure involves a total of 56
test runs (eight valid test trials for each of the seven test
scenarios). The test procedures also include time to condition the SV
brakes, including a full FMVSS No. 135 brake burnish prior to testing
and a brake warming regiment to ensure the initial brake temperature is
within a range before each test trial.
Additionally, because the DBS evaluations specify that the SV
brakes be applied, the DBS procedures include a series of eight brake
characterization tests. The purpose of these brake characterization
tests is to determine the position and force input magnitudes to be
used by the brake controller robot during test conduct. This process
determines the amount of braking to apply during DBS testing that is
[[Page 4633]]
sufficiently high to activate the DBS system being tested, yet low
enough that the SV's conventional brake assist system \14\ is not
activated. NHTSA plans to use a programmable brake controller to apply
all brake applications defined in the DBS test procedure.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\14\ Conventional brake assist system is a technology that
initiates supplemental braking based on brake pedal application rate
without the use of any forward-sensing information.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Also with respect to the DBS test procedure, the agency found that
in some vehicles, the brake pedal moves toward the floor during DBS
activation without the driver applying additional force to the pedal.
In this situation, the force at the brake pedal will decrease if the
brake controller maintains a constant pedal position (rather than
following it as it moves to the floor). Even though the brake pedal
position does not change, the DBS system may misinterpret this force
reduction as the driver releasing the brakes, incorrectly assuming that
strong supplemental DBS braking is no longer needed. To address this,
NHTSA has supplemented the displacement (i.e., position) feedback-based
brake applications in the DBS test procedure with an optional brake
application technique featuring ``hybrid feedback'' control, which
includes a combination of displacement and force control.
Hybrid feedback helped certain vehicles reach their DBS-enhanced
braking potential by preventing the applied brake force from falling to
zero. However, the limited data collected indicate use of hybrid-based
braking will not benefit most vehicles. With a few exceptions, vehicles
achieved better DBS performance with displacement feedback brake
applications as opposed to hybrid feedback brake applications. The
agency will work with manufacturers to understand their preference of
the optional hybrid feedback or displacement-based feedback during
NHTSA's evaluation of their vehicles.
For the purpose of conducting AEB testing, the agency designed and
manufactured a strikeable surrogate vehicle (SSV).\15\ The physical
appearance of the SSV resembles the rear section of a 2011 Ford Fiesta
hatchback. The SSV is constructed primarily from carbon fiber, which
enables the SSV to withstand repeated impacts with negligible change in
its shape over time and without causing harm to test drivers or damage
to vehicles being evaluated. If it is struck and damaged, the SSV can
be reconstructed to its original specifications. Our testing shows that
the SSV generates CIB and DBS system activation just as an actual
vehicle would. The agency plans to use the SSV to evaluate the
performance of vehicles.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\15\ For details of the NHTSA designed SSV, see https://
www.Regulations.gov, NHTSA-2012-0057-0032, NHTSA's Stirkeable
Surrogate Vehicle (SSV) Design Overview, and NHTSA-2012-0057-0034,
Radar Measurements of NHTSA's Surrogate Vehicle (SSV).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public Participation
On what topics is the agency requesting comments?
This document requests comments on the agency's plan to recommend
CIB and DBS systems in the NCAP program. Based on comments received in
response to the April 5, 2013, Request for comments notice on a variety
of potential areas for improvement of NCAP (78 FR 20597), including CIB
and DBS, the agency believes that motor vehicle manufacturers,
suppliers, and consumer advocacy groups generally agree that consumers
would benefit from being provided with information about CIB and DBS
systems and their potential to help drivers avoid rear-end crashes.
However, the agency will consider whether there are compelling
arguments against including CIB and DBS system evaluations in NCAP.
The agency is also interested in any suggestions or observations
regarding the practical aspects of incorporating CIB and DBS system
evaluations into NCAP as recommended technologies. In particular, the
agency would be interested in any comments or suggestions regarding the
following:
Test procedures: What is the general response to the
planned test procedures? How will the combination of test scenarios and
test speeds described provide an accurate representation of real-world
CIB and DBS system performance, and how can they be improved? Can any
of the scenarios be removed from the test procedures while still
ensuring a certain level of system performance? If so, what are they
and why? Similarly, why and how should the number of test trials per
scenario be reduced? What, if any, specific improvements to the test
procedures are still necessary?
The Strikeable Surrogate Vehicle (SSV): Are there specific
elements that would cause NHTSA's SSV to be inappropriate for use in
the agency's CIB and DBS performance evaluations? If so, what are they,
and how are they a problem? Will the SSV meet the needs for CIB and DBS
evaluation for the foreseeable future? If not, why not? What
alternatives could be considered and why?
DBS Test Brake Application Strategy: We seek comment on
whether the two brake application methods defined in the DBS test
procedure, those based on displacement or hybrid control, provide NHTSA
with enough flexibility to accurately assess the performance of all DBS
systems. What specific refinements, if any, are needed to either
application method?
CIB and DBS Research: We seek comment on whether there is
any recent research concerning CIB and DBS systems that is not
reflected in the agency's research to date. If so, please provide a
reference to that research.
How do I prepare and submit comments?
Your comments must be written and in English. To ensure that your
comments are filed correctly in the docket, please include the docket
number of this document in your comments.
Your comments must not be more than 15 pages long (49 CFR 553.21).
NHTSA established this limit to encourage you to write your primary
comments in a concise fashion. However, you may attach necessary
additional documents to your comments. There is no limit on the length
of the attachments.
Please submit one copy (two copies if submitting by mail or hand
delivery) of your comments, including the attachments, to the docket
following the instructions given above under ADDRESSES. Please note, if
you are submitting comments electronically as a PDF (Adobe) file, we
ask that the documents submitted be scanned using an Optical Character
Recognition (OCR) process, thus allowing the agency to search and copy
certain portions of your submissions.
How do I submit confidential business information?
If you wish to submit any information under a claim of
confidentiality, you should submit three copies of your complete
submission, including the information you claim to be confidential
business information, to the Office of the Chief Counsel, NHTSA, at the
address given above under FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT. In addition,
you may submit a copy (two copies if submitting by mail or hand
delivery), from which you have deleted the claimed confidential
business information, to the docket by one of the methods given above
under ADDRESSES. When you send a comment containing information claimed
to be confidential business information, you should include a cover
letter setting forth the
[[Page 4634]]
information specified in NHTSA's confidential business information
regulation (49 CFR part 512).
Will the agency consider late comments?
NHTSA will consider all comments received before the close of
business on the comment closing date indicated above under DATES. To
the extent possible, the agency will also consider comments received
after that date.
How can I read the comments submitted by other people?
You may read the comments received at the address given above under
ADDRESSES. The hours of the docket are indicated above in the same
location. You may also see the comments on the Internet, identified by
the docket number at the heading of this notice, at https://www.regulations.gov.
Please note that, even after the comment closing date, NHTSA may
continue to file relevant information in the docket as it becomes
available. Further, some people may submit late comments. Accordingly,
the agency recommends that you periodically check the docket for new
material.
Anyone is able to search the electronic form of all comments
received into any of our dockets by the name of the individual
submitting the comment (or signing the comment, if submitted on behalf
of an association, business, labor union, etc.). You may review DOT's
complete Privacy Act Statement in the Federal Register published on
April 11, 2000 (65 FR 19477-78) or you may visit https://www.dot.gov/privacy.html.
Issued in Washington, DC, under authority delegated in 49 CFR
1.95 and 501.8.
Daniel C. Smith,
Senior Associate Administrator for Vehicle Safety.
[FR Doc. 2015-01461 Filed 1-27-15; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910-59-P