Ivy Funds, et al.; Notice of Application, 32779-32784 [2014-13104]
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Federal Register / Vol. 79, No. 109 / Friday, June 6, 2014 / Notices
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affiliated person of such BDC, or an
affiliated person of such affiliated
person, as specified in section 57(b) of
the Act. Section 57(i) of the Act
provides that rules and regulations
under section 17(d) of the Act will
apply to transactions subject to section
57(a)(4) in the absence of rules under
that section. The Commission has not
adopted rules under section 57(a)(4)
with respect to joint transactions and,
accordingly, the standards set forth in
rule 17d–1 govern Applicants’ request
for relief.
12. The Prior Order only extends
relief from section 57(a)(4) and rule
17d–1 for joint transactions between the
Company and Fidus SBIC. Accordingly,
the Applicants request relief under
section 57(i) and rule 17d–1 to permit
any joint transaction that would
otherwise be prohibited by section
57(a)(4), in which Fidus SBIC (as a BDC)
and another Subsidiary participate, but
only to the extent that the transaction
would not be prohibited if the
Subsidiaries participating were deemed
to be part of the Company, and not
separate companies.
13. In determining whether to grant
an order under section 57(i) and rule
17d–1, the Commission considers
whether the participation of the BDC in
the joint transaction is consistent with
the provisions, policies, and purposes of
the Act, and the extent to which such
participation is on a basis different from
or less advantageous than that of other
participants. Applicants note that the
proposed transactions are consistent
with the policy and provisions of the
Act and will enhance the interests of the
Company, Fidus SBIC and other
Subsidiaries, while retaining the
important protections afforded by the
Act. In addition, because the joint
participants will conduct their
operations as though they comprise one
company, the participation of one will
not be on a basis different from or less
advantageous than the others.
Accordingly, Applicants believe that the
standard for relief under section 57(i)
and rule 17d–1 is satisfied.
14. Applicants state that the
conditions in the Prior Order will be
replaced by the conditions set forth
below.
Applicants’ Conditions
Applicants agree that the Amended
Order will be subject to the following
conditions:
1. The Company will at all times own
and hold, beneficially and of record, all
of the outstanding limited partnership
interests in any Subsidiary and all of the
outstanding membership interests in the
New General Partner, or otherwise own
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and hold beneficially, all of the
outstanding voting securities and equity
interests of such Subsidiary.
2. The Subsidiaries will have
investment policies not inconsistent
with those of the Company, as set forth
in the Company’s registration statement.
3. No person shall serve as a member
of any board of directors of any
Subsidiary, including any manager
under a different form of legal
organization that might perform the
function of a director, unless such
person shall also be a member of the
Company’s Board. The board of
directors or the managers, as applicable,
of any Subsidiary will be appointed by
the equity owners of such Subsidiary.
4. The Company will not itself issue
or sell any senior security and the
Company will not cause or permit any
SBIC Subsidiary to issue or sell any
senior security of which the Company
or such SBIC Subsidiary is the issuer
except to the extent permitted by
section 18 (as modified for BDCs by
section 61); provided that immediately
after the issuance or sale of any such
senior security by either the Company
or any SBIC Subsidiary, the Company
individually and on a consolidated basis
shall have the asset coverage required
by section 18(a) (as modified by section
61(a)), except that, in determining
whether the Company and any SBIC
Subsidiary on a consolidated basis have
the asset coverage required by section
61(a), any senior securities representing
indebtedness of a SBIC Subsidiary if
that SBIC Subsidiary has issued
indebtedness that is held or guaranteed
by the SBA shall not be considered
senior securities and, for purposes of the
definition of ‘‘asset coverage’’ in section
18(h), shall be treated as indebtedness
not represented by senior securities.
5. The Company will acquire
securities of any SBIC Subsidiary
representing indebtedness only if, in
each case, the prior approval of the SBA
has been obtained. In addition, the
Company and any SBIC Subsidiary will
purchase and sell portfolio securities
between themselves only if, in each
case, the prior approval of the SBA has
been obtained.
6. No person will serve or act as
investment adviser to Fidus SBIC II or
any future Subsidiary unless the Board
and the stockholders of the Company
will have taken such action with respect
thereto that is required to be taken
under the Act by the functional
equivalent of the board of directors of
Fidus SBIC II or any future Subsidiary
and the stockholders of Fidus SBIC II or
any future Subsidiary including as if
Fidus SBIC II or such future Subsidiary
were a BDC.
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For the Commission, by the Division of
Investment Management, pursuant to
delegated authority.
Kevin M. O’Neill,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2014–13103 Filed 6–5–14; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
[Investment Company Act Release No.
31068; File No. 812–14216]
Ivy Funds, et al.; Notice of Application
June 2, 2014.
Securities and Exchange
Commission (‘‘Commission’’).
ACTION: Notice of an application for an
order pursuant to section 6(c) of the
Investment Company Act of 1940
(‘‘Act’’) granting an exemption from
sections 18(f) and 21(b) of the Act;
pursuant to section 12(d)(1)(J) of the Act
granting an exemption from section
12(d)(1) of the Act; pursuant to sections
6(c) and 17(b) of the Act granting an
exemption from sections 17(a)(1),
17(a)(2) and 17(a)(3) of the Act; and
pursuant to section 17(d) of the Act and
rule 17d-1 under the Act to permit
certain joint arrangements.
AGENCY:
Summary of the Application:
Applicants request an order that would
permit certain registered open-end
management investment companies to
participate in a joint lending and
borrowing facility.
Applicants: Ivy Funds, Ivy Funds
Variable Insurance Portfolios, InvestEd
Portfolios, Waddell & Reed Advisors
Funds (each a ‘‘Fund’’ and collectively
the ‘‘Funds’’), Ivy Investment
Management Company (‘‘IICO’’),
Waddell & Reed Investment
Management Company (‘‘WRIMCO’’).
DATES: Filing Dates: The application
was filed on September 25, 2013, and
amended on March 12, 2014.
Hearing or Notification of Hearing: An
order granting the application will be
issued unless the Commission orders a
hearing. Interested persons may request
a hearing by writing to the
Commission’s Secretary and serving
applicants with a copy of the request,
personally or by mail. Hearing requests
should be received by the Commission
by 5:30 p.m. on June 27, 2014, and
should be accompanied by proof of
service on applicants, in the form of an
affidavit or, for lawyers, a certificate of
service. Hearing requests should state
the nature of the writer’s interest, the
reason for the request, and the issues
contested. Persons who wish to be
notified of a hearing may request
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notification by writing to the
Commission’s Secretary.
ADDRESSES: Secretary, U.S. Securities
and Exchange Commission, 100 F Street
NE., Washington, DC 20549–1090;
Applicants: 6300 Lamar Avenue,
Overland Park, Kansas 66202.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Barbara T. Heussler, Senior Counsel, at
(202) 551–6990 or Mary Kay Frech,
Branch Chief, at (202) 551–6821
(Division of Investment Management,
Chief Counsel’s Office).
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The
following is a summary of the
application. The complete application
may be obtained via the Commission’s
Web site by searching for the file
number, or an applicant using the
Company name box, at https://
www.sec.gov/search/search.htm or by
calling (202) 551–8090.
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Applicants’ Representations
1. Each Fund is a Delaware statutory
trust and is registered with the
Commission as an open-end
management investment company. Each
Fund has issued one or more series
having a different investment objective
and different investment policies and
each such series is deemed to be a Fund.
Certain of the Funds either are or may
be money market funds that comply
with rule 2a–7 of the Act (the ‘‘Money
Market Funds’’ and included in the term
‘‘Funds’’). IICO is a Delaware
corporation and WRIMCO is a Kansas
corporation, and each is registered as an
investment adviser under the
Investment Advisers Act of 1940
(‘‘Advisers Act’’). IICO is a whollyowned subsidiary of Waddell & Reed
Financial, Inc. (‘‘WDR’’) and WRIMCO
is an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary
of WDR. Each Fund is or will be advised
by an Adviser.1
2. At any particular time, those Funds
with uninvested cash may lend money
to banks or other entities by entering
into repurchase agreements or
purchasing other short-term
1 Applicants request that the order also apply to
any existing or future series of the Funds and to any
other registered open-end management investment
company or its series for which IICO or WRIMCO
and each successor thereto or a person controlling,
controlled by, or under common control (within the
meaning of section 2(a)(9) of the Act) with IICO or
WRIMCO serves as investment adviser (each an
‘‘Adviser’’ and collectively, the ‘‘Advisers’’). Any
Adviser will be registered as an investment adviser
under the Advisers Act. All Funds that currently
intend to rely on the requested order have been
named as applicants and any other Fund that relies
on the requested order in the future will comply
with the terms and conditions of the application.
A ‘‘successor’’ is defined as any entity resulting
from a reorganization of either IICO or WRIMCO
into another jurisdiction or a change in the type of
business organization.
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instruments. At the same time, other
Funds may need to borrow money from
the same or similar banks for temporary
purposes to satisfy redemption requests,
to cover unanticipated cash shortfalls
such as a trade ‘‘fail’’ or for other
temporary purposes. The Funds
currently are not parties to any credit
facilities with banks. The Funds have an
overdraft facility with their custodian.
3. The Funds seek to enter into a
master interfund lending agreement
(‘‘Interfund Lending Agreement’’) with
each other that will allow each Fund to
lend to and borrow money directly from
each other for temporary purposes
(‘‘Interfund Program’’ and each loan, an
‘‘Interfund Loan’’). The Money Market
Funds typically will not participate as
borrowers under the Interfund Program
but may do so if it is determined to be
in the best interests of such Funds by
the applicable Adviser and its
respective portfolio manager(s).
Applicants state that the Interfund
Program would enable the Funds to
access an available source of money and
reduce costs incurred by the Funds that
need to obtain loans for temporary
purposes and permit those Funds that
have cash available: (i) To earn a return
on the money that they might not
otherwise be able to invest; or (ii) to
earn a higher rate of interest on
investment of their short-term balances.
Although the proposed Interfund
Program would reduce the Funds’ need
to borrow through custodian overdrafts,
in the future, the Funds would be free
to establish committed lines of credit or
other borrowing arrangements with
banks.
4. Applicants anticipate that the
Interfund Program would provide a
borrowing Fund with significant savings
at times when the cash position of the
borrowing Fund is insufficient to meet
temporary cash requirements. This
situation could arise when shareholder
redemptions exceed anticipated
volumes, such as during periods when
shareholders redeem from the Funds in
connection with the periodic rebalancing of their portfolios, and certain
Funds have insufficient cash on hand to
satisfy such redemptions. Another
example could arise if shareholder
redemption requests dramatically
increase during a period of unusual
market activity and cause the Funds to
require short-term liquidity. When the
Funds liquidate portfolio securities to
meet redemption requests, they often do
not receive payment in settlement for up
to three days (or longer for certain
foreign transactions). However, a
significant amount of redemption
requests normally are effected on a trade
date plus 1 (T+1) basis. The proposed
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Interfund Program would provide a
source of immediate, short-term
liquidity pending settlement of the sale
of portfolio securities.
5. Applicants also anticipate that a
Fund could use the Interfund Program
when a sale of securities ‘‘fails’’ due to
circumstances beyond the Fund’s
control, such as a delay in the delivery
of cash to the Fund’s custodian or
improper delivery instructions by the
broker effecting the transaction. ‘‘Sales
fails’’ may result in a cash shortfall if
the Fund has undertaken to purchase
securities using the proceeds from
securities sold. Alternatively, a Fund
could (i) ‘‘fail’’ on its intended purchase
due to lack of funds from the previous
sale, resulting in additional cost to the
Fund; or (ii) sell a security on a sameday settlement basis, earning a lower
return on the investment. Use of the
Interfund Program under these
circumstances would enable the Fund to
have access to immediate short-term
liquidity.
6. While custodian overdrafts
generally could supply Funds with
needed cash to cover unanticipated
redemptions and ‘‘sales fails,’’ under the
proposed Interfund Program, a
borrowing Fund would pay lower
interest rates than those that would be
payable under an overdraft with the
custodian. In addition, Funds making
short-term cash loans directly to other
Funds would earn interest at a rate
higher than they otherwise could obtain
from investing their cash in overnight
repurchase agreements or other
substantially equivalent short-term
investments. Thus, applicants assert
that the proposed Interfund Program
would benefit both borrowing and
lending Funds.
7. The interest rate charged to the
Funds on any Interfund Loan (the
‘‘Interfund Loan Rate’’) would be
determined daily by the Interfund
Lending Team (as defined below) and
will consist of the average of the ‘‘Repo
Rate’’ and the ‘‘Bank Loan Rate,’’ both
as defined below. The Repo Rate would
be the highest rate available to a lending
Fund from investing in overnight
repurchase agreements. The Bank Loan
Rate for any day would be calculated by
the Interfund Lending Team on each
day an Interfund Loan is made
according to a formula established by
each Fund’s board of trustees (the
‘‘Board’’) intended to approximate the
lowest interest rate at which a bank
short-term loan would be available to
the Fund. The formula would be based
upon a publicly available rate (e.g.,
federal funds rate and/or LIBOR) plus
an additional spread of basis points and
would vary with this rate so as to reflect
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changing bank loan rates. The initial
formula and any subsequent
modifications to the formula would be
subject to the approval of each Fund’s
Board. In addition, the Board of each
Fund would periodically review the
continuing appropriateness of reliance
on the formula used to determine the
Bank Loan Rate, as well as the
relationship between the Bank Loan
Rate and current bank loan rates that
would be available to the Fund.
8. Investment professionals and
administrative personnel from the
Advisers and their affiliates (the
‘‘Interfund Lending Team’’) will
administer the Interfund Program. No
portfolio manager of any Fund will
serve as a member of the Interfund
Lending Team. Under the proposed
Interfund Program, portfolio managers
for each participating Fund would have
the ability to provide standing
instructions to participate daily as a
borrower or lender. The Interfund
Lending Team on each business day
would collect data on the uninvested
cash and borrowing requirements of all
participating Funds. Once the Interfund
Lending Team has determined the
aggregate amount of cash available for
loans and borrowing demand, the
Interfund Lending Team will allocate
loans among borrowing Funds without
any further communication from the
portfolio managers of the Funds.
Applicants anticipate that there
typically will be far more available
uninvested cash each day than
borrowing demand. Therefore, after the
Interfund Lending Team has allocated
cash for Interfund Loans, the Interfund
Lending Team will invest any remaining
cash in accordance with the instructions
of each relevant portfolio manager or
such remaining amounts will be
invested directly by the portfolio
managers of the Funds.
9. The Interfund Lending Team will
allocate borrowing demand and cash
available for lending among the Funds
on what the Interfund Lending Team
believes to be an equitable basis, subject
to certain administrative procedures
applicable to all Funds, such as (i) the
time a Fund files a request to
participate, (ii) minimum loan lot sizes,
and (iii) the need to minimize the
number of transactions and associated
administrative costs. To reduce
transaction costs, each Interfund Loan
normally will be allocated in a manner
intended to minimize the number of
participants necessary to complete the
loan transaction. The procedures for
allocating cash among borrowers and
determining loan participations among
lenders, together with related
administrative procedures will be
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approved by the Board of each Fund,
including a majority of the Board
members who are not ‘‘interested
persons’’ of the Fund, as that term is
defined in section 2(a)(19) of the Act
(‘‘Independent Board Members’’), to
ensure that both borrowing and lending
Funds participate on an equitable basis.
10. The Interfund Lending Team
would: (a) Monitor the Interfund Loan
Rates charged and the other terms and
conditions of the Interfund Loans; (b)
limit the borrowings and loans entered
into by each Fund to ensure that they
comply with the Fund’s investment
policies and limitations; (c) implement
and follow procedures designed to
ensure equitable treatment of each
Fund; and (d) make quarterly reports to
the Board of each Fund concerning any
transactions by the applicable Fund
under the Interfund Program and the
Interfund Loan Rate charged.
11. The Advisers, through the
Interfund Lending Team, would
administer the Interfund Program as
disinterested fiduciaries as part of their
duties under the investment
management agreement with each Fund
and would receive no additional fee as
compensation for their services in
connection with the administration of
the Interfund Program.
12. No Fund may participate in the
Interfund Program unless: (a) The Fund
has obtained shareholder approval for
its participation, if such approval is
required by law; (b) the Fund has fully
disclosed all material information
concerning the Interfund Program in its
prospectus and/or statement of
additional information; and (c) the
Fund’s participation in the Interfund
Program is consistent with its
investment objectives, limitations and
organizational documents.
13. In connection with the Interfund
Program, applicants request an order
under section 6(c) of the Act exempting
them from the provisions of sections
18(f) and 21(b) of the Act; under section
12(d)(1)(J) of the Act exempting them
from section 12(d)(1) of the Act; under
sections 6(c) and 17(b) of the Act
exempting them from sections 17(a)(1),
17(a)(2), and 17(a)(3) of the Act; and
under section 17(d) of the Act and rule
17d–1 under the Act to permit certain
joint arrangements and transactions.
Applicants’ Legal Analysis
1. Section 17(a)(3) of the Act generally
prohibits any affiliated person of a
registered investment company, or
affiliated person of an affiliated person,
from borrowing money or other property
from the registered investment
company. Section 21(b) of the Act
generally prohibits any registered
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32781
management company from lending
money or other property to any person,
directly or indirectly, if that person
controls or is under common control
with that company. Section 2(a)(3)(C) of
the Act defines an ‘‘affiliated person’’ of
another person, in part, to be any person
directly or indirectly controlling,
controlled by, or under common control
with, such other person. Section 2(a)(9)
of the Act defines ‘‘control’’ as the
‘‘power to exercise a controlling
influence over the management or
policies of a company,’’ but excludes
circumstances in which ‘‘such power is
solely the result of an official position
with such company.’’ Applicants state
that the Funds may be under common
control by virtue of having common
investment advisers and/or by having
common officers.
2. Section 6(c) of the Act provides that
an exemptive order may be granted
where an exemption is ‘‘necessary or
appropriate in the public interest and
consistent with the protection of
investors and the purposes fairly
intended by the policy and provisions’’
of the Act. Section 17(b) of the Act
authorizes the Commission to exempt a
proposed transaction from section 17(a)
provided that the terms of the
transaction, including the consideration
to be paid or received, are fair and
reasonable and do not involve
overreaching on the part of any person
concerned, and the transaction is
consistent with the policy of the
investment company as recited in its
registration statement and with the
general purposes of the Act. Applicants
believe that the proposed arrangements
satisfy these standards for the reasons
discussed below.
3. Applicants assert that sections
17(a)(3) and 21(b) of the Act were
intended to prevent a party with strong
potential adverse interests and some
influence over the investment decisions
of a registered investment company
from causing or inducing the investment
company to engage in lending
transactions that unfairly inure to the
benefit of such party and that are
detrimental to the best interests of the
investment company and its
shareholders. Applicants assert that the
proposed transactions do not raise these
concerns because: (a) The Advisers,
through the Interfund Lending Team,
would administer the Interfund Program
as disinterested fiduciaries as part of
their duties under the investment
management and administrative
agreements with each Fund; (b) all
Interfund Loans would consist only of
uninvested cash reserves that the Fund
otherwise would invest in short-term
repurchase agreements or other short-
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term investments; (c) the Interfund
Loans would not involve a greater risk
than such other investments; (d) the
lending Fund would receive interest at
a rate higher than it could obtain
through such other investments; and (e)
the borrowing Fund would pay interest
at a rate lower than otherwise available
to it through custodian overdrafts and
avoid the up-front commitment fees
generally associated with committed
lines of credit. Moreover, applicants
assert that the other terms and
conditions that applicants propose also
would effectively preclude the
possibility of any Fund obtaining an
undue advantage over any other Fund.
4. Section 17(a)(1) of the Act generally
prohibits an affiliated person of a
registered investment company, or any
affiliated person of such a person, from
selling securities or other property to
the investment company. Section
17(a)(2) of the Act generally prohibits an
affiliated person of a registered
investment company, or any affiliated
person of such a person, from
purchasing securities or other property
from the investment company. Section
12(d)(1) of the Act generally prohibits a
registered investment company from
purchasing or otherwise acquiring any
security issued by any other investment
company except in accordance with the
limitations set forth in that section.
5. Applicants state that the obligation
of a borrowing Fund to repay an
Interfund Loan could be deemed to
constitute a security for the purposes of
sections 17(a)(1) and 12(d)(1).
Applicants also state that any pledge of
securities to secure an Interfund Loan
by the borrowing Fund to the lending
Fund could constitute a purchase of
securities for purposes of section
17(a)(2) of the Act. Section 12(d)(1)(J) of
the Act provides that the Commission
may exempt persons or transactions
from any provision of section 12(d)(1) if
and to the extent that such exemption
is consistent with the public interest
and the protection of investors.
Applicants submit that the requested
exemptions from sections 17(a)(1),
17(a)(2) and 12(d)(1) are appropriate in
the public interest, and consistent with
the protection of investors and policies
and purposes of the Act for all the
reasons set forth above in support of
their request for relief from sections
17(a)(3) and 21(b) and for the reasons
discussed below. Applicants state that
the requested relief from section 17(a)(2)
of the Act meets the standards of section
6(c) and 17(b) because any collateral
pledged to secure an Interfund Loan
would be subject to the same conditions
imposed by any other lender to a Fund
that imposes conditions on the quality
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of or access to collateral for a borrowing
(if the lender is another Fund) or the
same or better conditions (in any other
circumstance).
6. Applicants state that section
12(d)(1) was intended to prevent the
pyramiding of investment companies in
order to avoid imposing on investors
additional and duplicative costs and
fees attendant upon multiple layers of
investment companies. Applicants
submit that the proposed Interfund
Program does not involve these abuses.
Applicants note that there will be no
duplicative costs or fees to the Funds or
their shareholders, and that each
Adviser will receive no additional
compensation for its services in
administering the Interfund Program.
Applicants also note that the purpose of
the proposed Interfund Program is to
provide economic benefits for all the
participating Funds and their
shareholders.
7. Section 18(f)(1) of the Act prohibits
open-end investment companies from
issuing any senior security except that
a company is permitted to borrow from
any bank, provided, that immediately
after the borrowing, there is asset
coverage of at least 300 per centum for
all borrowings of the company. Under
section 18(g) of the Act, the term ‘‘senior
security’’ generally includes any bond,
debenture, note or similar obligation or
instrument constituting a security and
evidencing indebtedness. Applicants
request exemptive relief under section
6(c) from section 18(f)(1) to the limited
extent necessary to implement the
Interfund Program (because the lending
Funds are not banks). The Funds would
remain subject to the requirement of
section 18(f)(1) of the Act that all
borrowings of a Fund, including
combined Interfund Loans and bank
borrowings, have at least 300% asset
coverage. Based on the conditions and
safeguards described in the application,
applicants submit that to allow the
Funds to borrow from other Funds
pursuant to the proposed Interfund
Program is consistent with the purposes
and policies of section 18(f)(1).
8. Section 17(d) of the Act and rule
17d–1 under the Act generally prohibit
an affiliated person of a registered
investment company, or any affiliated
person of such a person, when acting as
principal, from effecting any joint
transaction in which the investment
company participates, unless, upon
application, the transaction has been
approved by the Commission. Rule 17d–
1(b) under the Act provides that in
passing upon an application filed under
the rule, the Commission will consider
whether the participation of the
registered investment company in a
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joint enterprise on the basis proposed is
consistent with the provisions, policies
and purposes of the Act and the extent
to which such participation is on a basis
different from or less advantageous than
that of the other participants.
9. Applicants assert that the purpose
of section 17(d) is to avoid overreaching
by and unfair advantage to insiders.
Applicants assert that the Interfund
Program is consistent with the
provisions, policies and purposes of the
Act in that it offers both reduced
borrowing costs and enhanced returns
on loaned funds to all participating
Funds and their shareholders.
Applicants note that each Fund would
have an equal opportunity to borrow
and lend on equal terms consistent with
its investment policies and fundamental
investment limitations. Applicants
assert that each Fund’s participation in
the proposed Interfund Program would
be on terms that are no different from
or less advantageous than that of other
participating Funds.
Applicants’ Conditions
Applicants agree that any order
granting the requested relief will be
subject to the following conditions:
1. The Interfund Loan Rate will be the
average of the Repo Rate and the Bank
Loan Rate.
2. On each business day, when an
Interfund Loan is to be made, the
Interfund Lending Team will compare
the Bank Loan Rate with the Repo Rate
and will make cash available for
Interfund Loans only if the Interfund
Loan Rate is: (a) More favorable to the
lending Fund than the Repo Rate; and
(b) more favorable to the borrowing
Fund than the Bank Loan Rate.
3. If a Fund has outstanding bank
borrowings, any Interfund Loan to the
Fund will: (a) Be at an interest rate
equal to or lower than the interest rate
of any outstanding bank loan; (b) be
secured at least on an equal priority
basis with at least an equivalent
percentage of collateral to loan value as
any outstanding bank loan that requires
collateral; (c) have a maturity no longer
than any outstanding bank loan (and in
any event not over seven days); and (d)
provide that, if an event of default
occurs under any agreement evidencing
an outstanding bank loan to the Fund,
that event of default will automatically
(without need for action or notice by the
lending Fund) constitute an immediate
event of default under the Interfund
Lending Agreement, entitling the
lending Fund to call the Interfund Loan
(and exercise all rights with respect to
any collateral), and that such call will
be made if the lending bank exercises its
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right to call its loan under its agreement
with the borrowing Fund.
4. A Fund may make an unsecured
borrowing under the Interfund Program
if its outstanding borrowings from all
sources immediately after the borrowing
under the Interfund Program are equal
to or less than 10% of its total assets,
provided that if the Fund has a secured
loan outstanding from any other lender,
including but not limited to another
Fund, the Fund’s borrowing under the
Interfund Program will be secured on at
least an equal priority basis with at least
an equivalent percentage of collateral to
loan value as any outstanding loan that
requires collateral. If a Fund’s total
outstanding borrowings immediately
after borrowing under the Interfund
Program exceed 10% of its total assets,
the Fund may borrow under the
Interfund Program on a secured basis
only. A Fund may not borrow under the
Interfund Program or from any other
source if its total outstanding
borrowings immediately after the
borrowing would be more than 331⁄3%
of its total assets.
5. Before any Fund that has
outstanding interfund borrowings may,
through additional borrowings, cause its
outstanding borrowings from all sources
to exceed 10% of its total assets, the
Fund must first secure each outstanding
Interfund Loan by the pledge of
segregated collateral with a market
value at least equal to 102% of the
outstanding principal value of the loan.
If the total outstanding borrowings of a
Fund with outstanding Interfund Loans
exceed 10% of its total assets for any
other reason (such as a decline in net
asset value or because of shareholder
redemptions), the Fund will, within one
business day thereafter: (a) Repay all its
outstanding Interfund Loans; (b) reduce
its outstanding indebtedness to 10% or
less of its total assets; or (c) secure each
outstanding Interfund Loan by the
pledge of segregated collateral with a
market value at least equal to 102% of
the outstanding principal value of the
loan until the Fund’s total outstanding
borrowings cease to exceed 10% of its
total assets, at which time the collateral
called for by this condition 5 shall no
longer be required. Until each Interfund
Loan that is outstanding at any time that
a Fund’s total outstanding borrowings
exceed 10% is repaid, or the Fund’s
total outstanding borrowings cease to
exceed 10% of its total assets, the Fund
will mark the value of the collateral to
market each day, and will pledge such
additional collateral as is necessary to
maintain the market value of the
collateral that secures each outstanding
Interfund Loan at least equal to 102% of
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the outstanding principal value of the
Interfund Loan.
6. No Fund may lend to another Fund
through the Interfund Program if the
loan would cause the lending Fund’s
aggregate outstanding loans through the
Interfund Program to exceed 15% of its
current net assets at the time of the loan.
7. A Fund’s Interfund Loans to any
one Fund shall not exceed 5% of the
lending Fund’s net assets.
8. The duration of Interfund Loans
will be limited to the time required to
receive payment for securities sold, but
in no event more than seven days. Loans
effected within seven days of each other
will be treated as separate loan
transactions for purposes of this
condition.
9. The Fund’s borrowings through the
Interfund Program, as measured on the
day when the most recent loan was
made, will not exceed the greater of
125% of the Fund’s total net cash
redemptions for the preceding seven
calendar days or 102% of the Fund’s
sales fails for the preceding seven
calendar days.
10. Each Interfund Loan may be called
on one business day’s notice by a
lending Fund and may be repaid on any
day by a borrowing Fund.
11. A Fund’s participation in the
Interfund Program must be consistent
with its investment objectives and
limitations, and organizational
documents.
12. The Interfund Lending Team will
calculate total Fund borrowing and
lending demand through the Interfund
Program, and allocate Interfund Loans
on an equitable basis among the Funds,
without the intervention of any portfolio
manager of the Funds. The Interfund
Lending Team will not solicit cash for
the Interfund Program from any Fund or
prospectively publish or disseminate
loan demand data to portfolio managers
of the Funds. The Interfund Lending
Team will invest all amounts remaining
after satisfaction of borrowing demand
in accordance with the instructions of
each relevant portfolio manager or such
remaining amounts will be invested
directly by the portfolio managers of the
Funds.
13. The Interfund Lending Team will
monitor the Interfund Loan Rate
charged and the other terms and
conditions of the Interfund Loans and
will make a quarterly report to the
Boards of the Funds concerning the
participation of the Funds in the
Interfund Program and the terms and
other conditions of any extensions of
credit under the Interfund Program.
14. The Board of each Fund,
including a majority of the Independent
Board Members, will (a) review, no less
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Sfmt 4703
32783
frequently than quarterly, each Fund’s
participation in the Interfund Program
during the preceding quarter for
compliance with the conditions of any
order permitting such participation; (b)
establish the Bank Loan Rate formula
used to determine the interest rate on
Interfund Loans; (c) review, no less
frequently than annually, the continuing
appropriateness of the Bank Loan Rate
formula and; (d) review, no less
frequently than annually, the continuing
appropriateness of each Fund’s
participation in the Interfund Program.
15. Each Fund will maintain and
preserve for a period of not less than six
years from the end of the fiscal year in
which any transaction by it under the
Interfund Program occurred, the first
two years in an easily accessible place,
written records of all such transactions
setting forth a description of the terms
of the transaction, including the
amount, the maturity and the Interfund
Loan Rate, the rate of interest available
at the time each Interfund Loan is made
on overnight repurchase agreements and
bank borrowing, and such other
information presented to the Boards of
the Funds in connection with the
review required by conditions 13 and
14.
16. In the event an Interfund Loan is
not paid according to its terms and the
default is not cured within two business
days from its maturity or from the time
the lending Fund makes a demand for
payment under the provisions of the
Interfund Lending Agreement, the
Adviser promptly will refer the loan for
arbitration to an independent arbitrator
selected by the Board of the Fund
involved in the loan, who will serve as
arbitrator of disputes concerning
Interfund Loans.2 The arbitrator will
resolve any dispute promptly, and the
arbitrator’s decision will be binding on
both Funds. The arbitrator will submit,
at least annually, a written report to the
Board of each Fund setting forth a
description of the nature of any dispute
and the actions taken by the Funds to
resolve the dispute.
17. The Advisers will prepare and
submit to the Board for review an initial
report describing the operations of the
Interfund Program and the procedures
to be implemented to ensure that all
Funds are treated fairly. After the
commencement of the Interfund
Program, the Advisers will report on the
operations of the Interfund Program at
the Board’s quarterly meetings.
2 If the dispute involves Funds that do not have
a common Board, the Board of each affected Fund
will select an independent arbitrator that is
satisfactory to each Fund.
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Federal Register / Vol. 79, No. 109 / Friday, June 6, 2014 / Notices
Each Fund’s chief compliance officer,
as defined in rule 38a–1(a)(4) under the
Act, shall prepare an annual report for
its Board each year that the Fund
participates in the Interfund Program,
that evaluates the Fund’s compliance
with the terms and conditions of the
application and the procedures
established to achieve such compliance.
Each Fund’s chief compliance officer
will also annually file a certification
pursuant to Item 77Q3 of Form N–SAR
as such Form may be revised, amended
or superseded from time to time, for
each year that the Fund participates in
the Interfund Program, that certifies that
the Fund and the Advisers have
implemented procedures reasonably
designed to achieve compliance with
the terms and conditions of the order. In
particular, such certification will
address procedures designed to achieve
the following objectives:
(a) That the Interfund Loan Rate will
be higher than the Repo Rate, but lower
than the Bank Loan Rate;
(b) compliance with the collateral
requirements as set forth in the
application;
(c) compliance with the percentage
limitations on interfund borrowing and
lending;
(d) allocation of interfund borrowing
and lending demand in an equitable
manner and in accordance with
procedures established by the Board;
and
(e) that the Interfund Loan Rate does
not exceed the interest rate on any thirdparty borrowings of a borrowing Fund at
the time of the Interfund Loan.
After the final report is filed, each
Fund’s independent public auditor, in
connection with their audit examination
of the Fund, will continue to review the
operation of the Interfund Program for
compliance with the conditions of the
application, and their review will form
the basis, in part, of the auditor’s report
on internal accounting controls in Form
N–SAR.
18. No Fund will participate in the
Interfund Program, upon receipt of
requisite regulatory approval, unless it
has fully disclosed in its prospectus
and/or statement of additional
information all material facts about its
intended participation.
For the Commission, by the Division of
Investment Management, under delegated
authority.
Kevin M. O’Neill,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2014–13104 Filed 6–5–14; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
[Investment Company Act Release No.
31069; File No. 812–14209]
MarketShares ETF Trust, et al.; Notice
of Application
June 2, 2014.
Securities and Exchange
Commission (‘‘Commission’’).
ACTION: Notice of an application for an
order under section 6(c) of the
Investment Company Act of 1940 (the
‘‘Act’’) for an exemption from sections
2(a)(32), 5(a)(1), 22(d), and 22(e) of the
Act and rule 22c–1 under the Act, under
sections 6(c) and 17(b) of the Act for an
exemption from sections 17(a)(1) and
17(a)(2) of the Act, and under section
12(d)(1)(J) for an exemption from
sections 12(d)(1)(A) and 12(d)(1)(B) of
the Act.
AGENCY:
Summary of Application:
Applicants request an order that would
permit (a) series of certain open-end
management investment companies to
issue shares (‘‘Shares’’) redeemable in
large aggregations only (‘‘Creation
Units’’); (b) secondary market
transactions in Shares to occur at
negotiated market prices rather than at
net asset value (‘‘NAV’’); (c) certain
series to pay redemption proceeds,
under certain circumstances, more than
seven days after the tender of Shares for
redemption; (d) certain affiliated
persons of the series to deposit
securities into, and receive securities
from, the series in connection with the
purchase and redemption of Creation
Units; and (e) certain registered
management investment companies and
unit investment trusts outside of the
same group of investment companies as
the series to acquire Shares.
Applicants: MarketShares ETF Trust
(‘‘Trust’’), Salient Capital Advisors, LLC
(‘‘Initial Adviser’’), and Salient Indexes,
LLC (‘‘Affiliated Index Provider’’).
DATES: Filing Dates: The application was
filed on September 5, 2014, and
amended on March 26, 2014, and May
23, 2014.
Hearing or Notification of Hearing: An
order granting the requested relief will
be issued unless the Commission orders
a hearing. Interested persons may
request a hearing by writing to the
Commission’s Secretary and serving
applicants with a copy of the request,
personally or by mail. Hearing requests
should be received by the Commission
by 5:30 p.m. on June 25, 2014, and
should be accompanied by proof of
service on applicants, in the form of an
affidavit, or for lawyers, a certificate of
SUMMARY:
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Fmt 4703
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service. Hearing requests should state
the nature of the writer’s interest, the
reason for the request, and the issues
contested. Persons who wish to be
notified of a hearing may request
notification by writing to the
Commission’s Secretary.
ADDRESSES: Secretary, Securities and
Exchange Commission, 100 F Street NE.,
Washington, DC 20549–1090;
Applicants, 4265 San Felipe, Suite 800,
Houston, Texas 77027.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Steven I. Amchan, Senior Counsel, at
(202) 551–6826, or Dalia Osman Blass,
Assistant Chief Counsel, at (202) 551–
6821 (Division of Investment
Management, Chief Counsel’s Office).
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The
following is a summary of the
application. The complete application
may be obtained via the Commission’s
Web site by searching for the file
number, or for an applicant using the
Company name box, at https://
www.sec.gov/search/search.htm or by
calling (202) 551–8090.
Applicants’ Representations
1. The Trust is a statutory trust
organized under the laws of Delaware.
The Trust is registered under the Act as
an open-end management investment
company with multiple series. The
initial series of the Trust (‘‘Initial
Fund’’) will be a Self-Indexing Fund (as
defined below).
2. The Initial Adviser is registered as
an investment adviser under the
Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (the
‘‘Advisers Act’’) and will be the
investment adviser to the Funds. Any
other Adviser (defined below) also will
be registered as an investment adviser
under the Advisers Act. The Adviser
may enter into sub-advisory agreements
with one or more investment advisers to
act as sub-advisers to particular Funds
(each, a ‘‘Sub-Adviser’’). Any SubAdviser will either be registered under
the Advisers Act or will not be required
to register thereunder.
3. The Trust will enter into a
distribution agreement with one or more
distributors (each, a ‘‘Distributor’’). Each
Distributor will be a broker-dealer
(‘‘Broker’’) registered under the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the
‘‘Exchange Act’’) and will act as
distributor and principal underwriter of
one or more of the Funds. The
Distributor of any Fund may be an
affiliated person, as defined in section
2(a)(3) of the Act (‘‘Affiliated Person’’),
or an affiliated person of an Affiliated
Person (‘‘Second-Tier Affiliate’’), of that
Fund’s Adviser and/or Sub-Advisers.
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Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 79, Number 109 (Friday, June 6, 2014)]
[Notices]
[Pages 32779-32784]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2014-13104]
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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
[Investment Company Act Release No. 31068; File No. 812-14216]
Ivy Funds, et al.; Notice of Application
June 2, 2014.
AGENCY: Securities and Exchange Commission (``Commission'').
ACTION: Notice of an application for an order pursuant to section 6(c)
of the Investment Company Act of 1940 (``Act'') granting an exemption
from sections 18(f) and 21(b) of the Act; pursuant to section
12(d)(1)(J) of the Act granting an exemption from section 12(d)(1) of
the Act; pursuant to sections 6(c) and 17(b) of the Act granting an
exemption from sections 17(a)(1), 17(a)(2) and 17(a)(3) of the Act; and
pursuant to section 17(d) of the Act and rule 17d-1 under the Act to
permit certain joint arrangements.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Summary of the Application: Applicants request an order that would
permit certain registered open-end management investment companies to
participate in a joint lending and borrowing facility.
Applicants: Ivy Funds, Ivy Funds Variable Insurance Portfolios,
InvestEd Portfolios, Waddell & Reed Advisors Funds (each a ``Fund'' and
collectively the ``Funds''), Ivy Investment Management Company
(``IICO''), Waddell & Reed Investment Management Company (``WRIMCO'').
DATES: Filing Dates: The application was filed on September 25, 2013,
and amended on March 12, 2014.
Hearing or Notification of Hearing: An order granting the
application will be issued unless the Commission orders a hearing.
Interested persons may request a hearing by writing to the Commission's
Secretary and serving applicants with a copy of the request, personally
or by mail. Hearing requests should be received by the Commission by
5:30 p.m. on June 27, 2014, and should be accompanied by proof of
service on applicants, in the form of an affidavit or, for lawyers, a
certificate of service. Hearing requests should state the nature of the
writer's interest, the reason for the request, and the issues
contested. Persons who wish to be notified of a hearing may request
[[Page 32780]]
notification by writing to the Commission's Secretary.
ADDRESSES: Secretary, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 100 F
Street NE., Washington, DC 20549-1090; Applicants: 6300 Lamar Avenue,
Overland Park, Kansas 66202.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Barbara T. Heussler, Senior Counsel,
at (202) 551-6990 or Mary Kay Frech, Branch Chief, at (202) 551-6821
(Division of Investment Management, Chief Counsel's Office).
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The following is a summary of the
application. The complete application may be obtained via the
Commission's Web site by searching for the file number, or an applicant
using the Company name box, at https://www.sec.gov/search/search.htm or
by calling (202) 551-8090.
Applicants' Representations
1. Each Fund is a Delaware statutory trust and is registered with
the Commission as an open-end management investment company. Each Fund
has issued one or more series having a different investment objective
and different investment policies and each such series is deemed to be
a Fund. Certain of the Funds either are or may be money market funds
that comply with rule 2a-7 of the Act (the ``Money Market Funds'' and
included in the term ``Funds''). IICO is a Delaware corporation and
WRIMCO is a Kansas corporation, and each is registered as an investment
adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (``Advisers Act'').
IICO is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Waddell & Reed Financial, Inc.
(``WDR'') and WRIMCO is an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of WDR.
Each Fund is or will be advised by an Adviser.\1\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Applicants request that the order also apply to any existing
or future series of the Funds and to any other registered open-end
management investment company or its series for which IICO or WRIMCO
and each successor thereto or a person controlling, controlled by,
or under common control (within the meaning of section 2(a)(9) of
the Act) with IICO or WRIMCO serves as investment adviser (each an
``Adviser'' and collectively, the ``Advisers''). Any Adviser will be
registered as an investment adviser under the Advisers Act. All
Funds that currently intend to rely on the requested order have been
named as applicants and any other Fund that relies on the requested
order in the future will comply with the terms and conditions of the
application. A ``successor'' is defined as any entity resulting from
a reorganization of either IICO or WRIMCO into another jurisdiction
or a change in the type of business organization.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. At any particular time, those Funds with uninvested cash may
lend money to banks or other entities by entering into repurchase
agreements or purchasing other short-term instruments. At the same
time, other Funds may need to borrow money from the same or similar
banks for temporary purposes to satisfy redemption requests, to cover
unanticipated cash shortfalls such as a trade ``fail'' or for other
temporary purposes. The Funds currently are not parties to any credit
facilities with banks. The Funds have an overdraft facility with their
custodian.
3. The Funds seek to enter into a master interfund lending
agreement (``Interfund Lending Agreement'') with each other that will
allow each Fund to lend to and borrow money directly from each other
for temporary purposes (``Interfund Program'' and each loan, an
``Interfund Loan''). The Money Market Funds typically will not
participate as borrowers under the Interfund Program but may do so if
it is determined to be in the best interests of such Funds by the
applicable Adviser and its respective portfolio manager(s). Applicants
state that the Interfund Program would enable the Funds to access an
available source of money and reduce costs incurred by the Funds that
need to obtain loans for temporary purposes and permit those Funds that
have cash available: (i) To earn a return on the money that they might
not otherwise be able to invest; or (ii) to earn a higher rate of
interest on investment of their short-term balances. Although the
proposed Interfund Program would reduce the Funds' need to borrow
through custodian overdrafts, in the future, the Funds would be free to
establish committed lines of credit or other borrowing arrangements
with banks.
4. Applicants anticipate that the Interfund Program would provide a
borrowing Fund with significant savings at times when the cash position
of the borrowing Fund is insufficient to meet temporary cash
requirements. This situation could arise when shareholder redemptions
exceed anticipated volumes, such as during periods when shareholders
redeem from the Funds in connection with the periodic re-balancing of
their portfolios, and certain Funds have insufficient cash on hand to
satisfy such redemptions. Another example could arise if shareholder
redemption requests dramatically increase during a period of unusual
market activity and cause the Funds to require short-term liquidity.
When the Funds liquidate portfolio securities to meet redemption
requests, they often do not receive payment in settlement for up to
three days (or longer for certain foreign transactions). However, a
significant amount of redemption requests normally are effected on a
trade date plus 1 (T+1) basis. The proposed Interfund Program would
provide a source of immediate, short-term liquidity pending settlement
of the sale of portfolio securities.
5. Applicants also anticipate that a Fund could use the Interfund
Program when a sale of securities ``fails'' due to circumstances beyond
the Fund's control, such as a delay in the delivery of cash to the
Fund's custodian or improper delivery instructions by the broker
effecting the transaction. ``Sales fails'' may result in a cash
shortfall if the Fund has undertaken to purchase securities using the
proceeds from securities sold. Alternatively, a Fund could (i) ``fail''
on its intended purchase due to lack of funds from the previous sale,
resulting in additional cost to the Fund; or (ii) sell a security on a
same-day settlement basis, earning a lower return on the investment.
Use of the Interfund Program under these circumstances would enable the
Fund to have access to immediate short-term liquidity.
6. While custodian overdrafts generally could supply Funds with
needed cash to cover unanticipated redemptions and ``sales fails,''
under the proposed Interfund Program, a borrowing Fund would pay lower
interest rates than those that would be payable under an overdraft with
the custodian. In addition, Funds making short-term cash loans directly
to other Funds would earn interest at a rate higher than they otherwise
could obtain from investing their cash in overnight repurchase
agreements or other substantially equivalent short-term investments.
Thus, applicants assert that the proposed Interfund Program would
benefit both borrowing and lending Funds.
7. The interest rate charged to the Funds on any Interfund Loan
(the ``Interfund Loan Rate'') would be determined daily by the
Interfund Lending Team (as defined below) and will consist of the
average of the ``Repo Rate'' and the ``Bank Loan Rate,'' both as
defined below. The Repo Rate would be the highest rate available to a
lending Fund from investing in overnight repurchase agreements. The
Bank Loan Rate for any day would be calculated by the Interfund Lending
Team on each day an Interfund Loan is made according to a formula
established by each Fund's board of trustees (the ``Board'') intended
to approximate the lowest interest rate at which a bank short-term loan
would be available to the Fund. The formula would be based upon a
publicly available rate (e.g., federal funds rate and/or LIBOR) plus an
additional spread of basis points and would vary with this rate so as
to reflect
[[Page 32781]]
changing bank loan rates. The initial formula and any subsequent
modifications to the formula would be subject to the approval of each
Fund's Board. In addition, the Board of each Fund would periodically
review the continuing appropriateness of reliance on the formula used
to determine the Bank Loan Rate, as well as the relationship between
the Bank Loan Rate and current bank loan rates that would be available
to the Fund.
8. Investment professionals and administrative personnel from the
Advisers and their affiliates (the ``Interfund Lending Team'') will
administer the Interfund Program. No portfolio manager of any Fund will
serve as a member of the Interfund Lending Team. Under the proposed
Interfund Program, portfolio managers for each participating Fund would
have the ability to provide standing instructions to participate daily
as a borrower or lender. The Interfund Lending Team on each business
day would collect data on the uninvested cash and borrowing
requirements of all participating Funds. Once the Interfund Lending
Team has determined the aggregate amount of cash available for loans
and borrowing demand, the Interfund Lending Team will allocate loans
among borrowing Funds without any further communication from the
portfolio managers of the Funds. Applicants anticipate that there
typically will be far more available uninvested cash each day than
borrowing demand. Therefore, after the Interfund Lending Team has
allocated cash for Interfund Loans, the Interfund Lending Team will
invest any remaining cash in accordance with the instructions of each
relevant portfolio manager or such remaining amounts will be invested
directly by the portfolio managers of the Funds.
9. The Interfund Lending Team will allocate borrowing demand and
cash available for lending among the Funds on what the Interfund
Lending Team believes to be an equitable basis, subject to certain
administrative procedures applicable to all Funds, such as (i) the time
a Fund files a request to participate, (ii) minimum loan lot sizes, and
(iii) the need to minimize the number of transactions and associated
administrative costs. To reduce transaction costs, each Interfund Loan
normally will be allocated in a manner intended to minimize the number
of participants necessary to complete the loan transaction. The
procedures for allocating cash among borrowers and determining loan
participations among lenders, together with related administrative
procedures will be approved by the Board of each Fund, including a
majority of the Board members who are not ``interested persons'' of the
Fund, as that term is defined in section 2(a)(19) of the Act
(``Independent Board Members''), to ensure that both borrowing and
lending Funds participate on an equitable basis.
10. The Interfund Lending Team would: (a) Monitor the Interfund
Loan Rates charged and the other terms and conditions of the Interfund
Loans; (b) limit the borrowings and loans entered into by each Fund to
ensure that they comply with the Fund's investment policies and
limitations; (c) implement and follow procedures designed to ensure
equitable treatment of each Fund; and (d) make quarterly reports to the
Board of each Fund concerning any transactions by the applicable Fund
under the Interfund Program and the Interfund Loan Rate charged.
11. The Advisers, through the Interfund Lending Team, would
administer the Interfund Program as disinterested fiduciaries as part
of their duties under the investment management agreement with each
Fund and would receive no additional fee as compensation for their
services in connection with the administration of the Interfund
Program.
12. No Fund may participate in the Interfund Program unless: (a)
The Fund has obtained shareholder approval for its participation, if
such approval is required by law; (b) the Fund has fully disclosed all
material information concerning the Interfund Program in its prospectus
and/or statement of additional information; and (c) the Fund's
participation in the Interfund Program is consistent with its
investment objectives, limitations and organizational documents.
13. In connection with the Interfund Program, applicants request an
order under section 6(c) of the Act exempting them from the provisions
of sections 18(f) and 21(b) of the Act; under section 12(d)(1)(J) of
the Act exempting them from section 12(d)(1) of the Act; under sections
6(c) and 17(b) of the Act exempting them from sections 17(a)(1),
17(a)(2), and 17(a)(3) of the Act; and under section 17(d) of the Act
and rule 17d-1 under the Act to permit certain joint arrangements and
transactions.
Applicants' Legal Analysis
1. Section 17(a)(3) of the Act generally prohibits any affiliated
person of a registered investment company, or affiliated person of an
affiliated person, from borrowing money or other property from the
registered investment company. Section 21(b) of the Act generally
prohibits any registered management company from lending money or other
property to any person, directly or indirectly, if that person controls
or is under common control with that company. Section 2(a)(3)(C) of the
Act defines an ``affiliated person'' of another person, in part, to be
any person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under
common control with, such other person. Section 2(a)(9) of the Act
defines ``control'' as the ``power to exercise a controlling influence
over the management or policies of a company,'' but excludes
circumstances in which ``such power is solely the result of an official
position with such company.'' Applicants state that the Funds may be
under common control by virtue of having common investment advisers
and/or by having common officers.
2. Section 6(c) of the Act provides that an exemptive order may be
granted where an exemption is ``necessary or appropriate in the public
interest and consistent with the protection of investors and the
purposes fairly intended by the policy and provisions'' of the Act.
Section 17(b) of the Act authorizes the Commission to exempt a proposed
transaction from section 17(a) provided that the terms of the
transaction, including the consideration to be paid or received, are
fair and reasonable and do not involve overreaching on the part of any
person concerned, and the transaction is consistent with the policy of
the investment company as recited in its registration statement and
with the general purposes of the Act. Applicants believe that the
proposed arrangements satisfy these standards for the reasons discussed
below.
3. Applicants assert that sections 17(a)(3) and 21(b) of the Act
were intended to prevent a party with strong potential adverse
interests and some influence over the investment decisions of a
registered investment company from causing or inducing the investment
company to engage in lending transactions that unfairly inure to the
benefit of such party and that are detrimental to the best interests of
the investment company and its shareholders. Applicants assert that the
proposed transactions do not raise these concerns because: (a) The
Advisers, through the Interfund Lending Team, would administer the
Interfund Program as disinterested fiduciaries as part of their duties
under the investment management and administrative agreements with each
Fund; (b) all Interfund Loans would consist only of uninvested cash
reserves that the Fund otherwise would invest in short-term repurchase
agreements or other short-
[[Page 32782]]
term investments; (c) the Interfund Loans would not involve a greater
risk than such other investments; (d) the lending Fund would receive
interest at a rate higher than it could obtain through such other
investments; and (e) the borrowing Fund would pay interest at a rate
lower than otherwise available to it through custodian overdrafts and
avoid the up-front commitment fees generally associated with committed
lines of credit. Moreover, applicants assert that the other terms and
conditions that applicants propose also would effectively preclude the
possibility of any Fund obtaining an undue advantage over any other
Fund.
4. Section 17(a)(1) of the Act generally prohibits an affiliated
person of a registered investment company, or any affiliated person of
such a person, from selling securities or other property to the
investment company. Section 17(a)(2) of the Act generally prohibits an
affiliated person of a registered investment company, or any affiliated
person of such a person, from purchasing securities or other property
from the investment company. Section 12(d)(1) of the Act generally
prohibits a registered investment company from purchasing or otherwise
acquiring any security issued by any other investment company except in
accordance with the limitations set forth in that section.
5. Applicants state that the obligation of a borrowing Fund to
repay an Interfund Loan could be deemed to constitute a security for
the purposes of sections 17(a)(1) and 12(d)(1). Applicants also state
that any pledge of securities to secure an Interfund Loan by the
borrowing Fund to the lending Fund could constitute a purchase of
securities for purposes of section 17(a)(2) of the Act. Section
12(d)(1)(J) of the Act provides that the Commission may exempt persons
or transactions from any provision of section 12(d)(1) if and to the
extent that such exemption is consistent with the public interest and
the protection of investors. Applicants submit that the requested
exemptions from sections 17(a)(1), 17(a)(2) and 12(d)(1) are
appropriate in the public interest, and consistent with the protection
of investors and policies and purposes of the Act for all the reasons
set forth above in support of their request for relief from sections
17(a)(3) and 21(b) and for the reasons discussed below. Applicants
state that the requested relief from section 17(a)(2) of the Act meets
the standards of section 6(c) and 17(b) because any collateral pledged
to secure an Interfund Loan would be subject to the same conditions
imposed by any other lender to a Fund that imposes conditions on the
quality of or access to collateral for a borrowing (if the lender is
another Fund) or the same or better conditions (in any other
circumstance).
6. Applicants state that section 12(d)(1) was intended to prevent
the pyramiding of investment companies in order to avoid imposing on
investors additional and duplicative costs and fees attendant upon
multiple layers of investment companies. Applicants submit that the
proposed Interfund Program does not involve these abuses. Applicants
note that there will be no duplicative costs or fees to the Funds or
their shareholders, and that each Adviser will receive no additional
compensation for its services in administering the Interfund Program.
Applicants also note that the purpose of the proposed Interfund Program
is to provide economic benefits for all the participating Funds and
their shareholders.
7. Section 18(f)(1) of the Act prohibits open-end investment
companies from issuing any senior security except that a company is
permitted to borrow from any bank, provided, that immediately after the
borrowing, there is asset coverage of at least 300 per centum for all
borrowings of the company. Under section 18(g) of the Act, the term
``senior security'' generally includes any bond, debenture, note or
similar obligation or instrument constituting a security and evidencing
indebtedness. Applicants request exemptive relief under section 6(c)
from section 18(f)(1) to the limited extent necessary to implement the
Interfund Program (because the lending Funds are not banks). The Funds
would remain subject to the requirement of section 18(f)(1) of the Act
that all borrowings of a Fund, including combined Interfund Loans and
bank borrowings, have at least 300% asset coverage. Based on the
conditions and safeguards described in the application, applicants
submit that to allow the Funds to borrow from other Funds pursuant to
the proposed Interfund Program is consistent with the purposes and
policies of section 18(f)(1).
8. Section 17(d) of the Act and rule 17d-1 under the Act generally
prohibit an affiliated person of a registered investment company, or
any affiliated person of such a person, when acting as principal, from
effecting any joint transaction in which the investment company
participates, unless, upon application, the transaction has been
approved by the Commission. Rule 17d-1(b) under the Act provides that
in passing upon an application filed under the rule, the Commission
will consider whether the participation of the registered investment
company in a joint enterprise on the basis proposed is consistent with
the provisions, policies and purposes of the Act and the extent to
which such participation is on a basis different from or less
advantageous than that of the other participants.
9. Applicants assert that the purpose of section 17(d) is to avoid
overreaching by and unfair advantage to insiders. Applicants assert
that the Interfund Program is consistent with the provisions, policies
and purposes of the Act in that it offers both reduced borrowing costs
and enhanced returns on loaned funds to all participating Funds and
their shareholders. Applicants note that each Fund would have an equal
opportunity to borrow and lend on equal terms consistent with its
investment policies and fundamental investment limitations. Applicants
assert that each Fund's participation in the proposed Interfund Program
would be on terms that are no different from or less advantageous than
that of other participating Funds.
Applicants' Conditions
Applicants agree that any order granting the requested relief will
be subject to the following conditions:
1. The Interfund Loan Rate will be the average of the Repo Rate and
the Bank Loan Rate.
2. On each business day, when an Interfund Loan is to be made, the
Interfund Lending Team will compare the Bank Loan Rate with the Repo
Rate and will make cash available for Interfund Loans only if the
Interfund Loan Rate is: (a) More favorable to the lending Fund than the
Repo Rate; and (b) more favorable to the borrowing Fund than the Bank
Loan Rate.
3. If a Fund has outstanding bank borrowings, any Interfund Loan to
the Fund will: (a) Be at an interest rate equal to or lower than the
interest rate of any outstanding bank loan; (b) be secured at least on
an equal priority basis with at least an equivalent percentage of
collateral to loan value as any outstanding bank loan that requires
collateral; (c) have a maturity no longer than any outstanding bank
loan (and in any event not over seven days); and (d) provide that, if
an event of default occurs under any agreement evidencing an
outstanding bank loan to the Fund, that event of default will
automatically (without need for action or notice by the lending Fund)
constitute an immediate event of default under the Interfund Lending
Agreement, entitling the lending Fund to call the Interfund Loan (and
exercise all rights with respect to any collateral), and that such call
will be made if the lending bank exercises its
[[Page 32783]]
right to call its loan under its agreement with the borrowing Fund.
4. A Fund may make an unsecured borrowing under the Interfund
Program if its outstanding borrowings from all sources immediately
after the borrowing under the Interfund Program are equal to or less
than 10% of its total assets, provided that if the Fund has a secured
loan outstanding from any other lender, including but not limited to
another Fund, the Fund's borrowing under the Interfund Program will be
secured on at least an equal priority basis with at least an equivalent
percentage of collateral to loan value as any outstanding loan that
requires collateral. If a Fund's total outstanding borrowings
immediately after borrowing under the Interfund Program exceed 10% of
its total assets, the Fund may borrow under the Interfund Program on a
secured basis only. A Fund may not borrow under the Interfund Program
or from any other source if its total outstanding borrowings
immediately after the borrowing would be more than 33\1/3\% of its
total assets.
5. Before any Fund that has outstanding interfund borrowings may,
through additional borrowings, cause its outstanding borrowings from
all sources to exceed 10% of its total assets, the Fund must first
secure each outstanding Interfund Loan by the pledge of segregated
collateral with a market value at least equal to 102% of the
outstanding principal value of the loan. If the total outstanding
borrowings of a Fund with outstanding Interfund Loans exceed 10% of its
total assets for any other reason (such as a decline in net asset value
or because of shareholder redemptions), the Fund will, within one
business day thereafter: (a) Repay all its outstanding Interfund Loans;
(b) reduce its outstanding indebtedness to 10% or less of its total
assets; or (c) secure each outstanding Interfund Loan by the pledge of
segregated collateral with a market value at least equal to 102% of the
outstanding principal value of the loan until the Fund's total
outstanding borrowings cease to exceed 10% of its total assets, at
which time the collateral called for by this condition 5 shall no
longer be required. Until each Interfund Loan that is outstanding at
any time that a Fund's total outstanding borrowings exceed 10% is
repaid, or the Fund's total outstanding borrowings cease to exceed 10%
of its total assets, the Fund will mark the value of the collateral to
market each day, and will pledge such additional collateral as is
necessary to maintain the market value of the collateral that secures
each outstanding Interfund Loan at least equal to 102% of the
outstanding principal value of the Interfund Loan.
6. No Fund may lend to another Fund through the Interfund Program
if the loan would cause the lending Fund's aggregate outstanding loans
through the Interfund Program to exceed 15% of its current net assets
at the time of the loan.
7. A Fund's Interfund Loans to any one Fund shall not exceed 5% of
the lending Fund's net assets.
8. The duration of Interfund Loans will be limited to the time
required to receive payment for securities sold, but in no event more
than seven days. Loans effected within seven days of each other will be
treated as separate loan transactions for purposes of this condition.
9. The Fund's borrowings through the Interfund Program, as measured
on the day when the most recent loan was made, will not exceed the
greater of 125% of the Fund's total net cash redemptions for the
preceding seven calendar days or 102% of the Fund's sales fails for the
preceding seven calendar days.
10. Each Interfund Loan may be called on one business day's notice
by a lending Fund and may be repaid on any day by a borrowing Fund.
11. A Fund's participation in the Interfund Program must be
consistent with its investment objectives and limitations, and
organizational documents.
12. The Interfund Lending Team will calculate total Fund borrowing
and lending demand through the Interfund Program, and allocate
Interfund Loans on an equitable basis among the Funds, without the
intervention of any portfolio manager of the Funds. The Interfund
Lending Team will not solicit cash for the Interfund Program from any
Fund or prospectively publish or disseminate loan demand data to
portfolio managers of the Funds. The Interfund Lending Team will invest
all amounts remaining after satisfaction of borrowing demand in
accordance with the instructions of each relevant portfolio manager or
such remaining amounts will be invested directly by the portfolio
managers of the Funds.
13. The Interfund Lending Team will monitor the Interfund Loan Rate
charged and the other terms and conditions of the Interfund Loans and
will make a quarterly report to the Boards of the Funds concerning the
participation of the Funds in the Interfund Program and the terms and
other conditions of any extensions of credit under the Interfund
Program.
14. The Board of each Fund, including a majority of the Independent
Board Members, will (a) review, no less frequently than quarterly, each
Fund's participation in the Interfund Program during the preceding
quarter for compliance with the conditions of any order permitting such
participation; (b) establish the Bank Loan Rate formula used to
determine the interest rate on Interfund Loans; (c) review, no less
frequently than annually, the continuing appropriateness of the Bank
Loan Rate formula and; (d) review, no less frequently than annually,
the continuing appropriateness of each Fund's participation in the
Interfund Program.
15. Each Fund will maintain and preserve for a period of not less
than six years from the end of the fiscal year in which any transaction
by it under the Interfund Program occurred, the first two years in an
easily accessible place, written records of all such transactions
setting forth a description of the terms of the transaction, including
the amount, the maturity and the Interfund Loan Rate, the rate of
interest available at the time each Interfund Loan is made on overnight
repurchase agreements and bank borrowing, and such other information
presented to the Boards of the Funds in connection with the review
required by conditions 13 and 14.
16. In the event an Interfund Loan is not paid according to its
terms and the default is not cured within two business days from its
maturity or from the time the lending Fund makes a demand for payment
under the provisions of the Interfund Lending Agreement, the Adviser
promptly will refer the loan for arbitration to an independent
arbitrator selected by the Board of the Fund involved in the loan, who
will serve as arbitrator of disputes concerning Interfund Loans.\2\ The
arbitrator will resolve any dispute promptly, and the arbitrator's
decision will be binding on both Funds. The arbitrator will submit, at
least annually, a written report to the Board of each Fund setting
forth a description of the nature of any dispute and the actions taken
by the Funds to resolve the dispute.
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\2\ If the dispute involves Funds that do not have a common
Board, the Board of each affected Fund will select an independent
arbitrator that is satisfactory to each Fund.
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17. The Advisers will prepare and submit to the Board for review an
initial report describing the operations of the Interfund Program and
the procedures to be implemented to ensure that all Funds are treated
fairly. After the commencement of the Interfund Program, the Advisers
will report on the operations of the Interfund Program at the Board's
quarterly meetings.
[[Page 32784]]
Each Fund's chief compliance officer, as defined in rule 38a-
1(a)(4) under the Act, shall prepare an annual report for its Board
each year that the Fund participates in the Interfund Program, that
evaluates the Fund's compliance with the terms and conditions of the
application and the procedures established to achieve such compliance.
Each Fund's chief compliance officer will also annually file a
certification pursuant to Item 77Q3 of Form N-SAR as such Form may be
revised, amended or superseded from time to time, for each year that
the Fund participates in the Interfund Program, that certifies that the
Fund and the Advisers have implemented procedures reasonably designed
to achieve compliance with the terms and conditions of the order. In
particular, such certification will address procedures designed to
achieve the following objectives:
(a) That the Interfund Loan Rate will be higher than the Repo Rate,
but lower than the Bank Loan Rate;
(b) compliance with the collateral requirements as set forth in the
application;
(c) compliance with the percentage limitations on interfund
borrowing and lending;
(d) allocation of interfund borrowing and lending demand in an
equitable manner and in accordance with procedures established by the
Board; and
(e) that the Interfund Loan Rate does not exceed the interest rate
on any third-party borrowings of a borrowing Fund at the time of the
Interfund Loan.
After the final report is filed, each Fund's independent public
auditor, in connection with their audit examination of the Fund, will
continue to review the operation of the Interfund Program for
compliance with the conditions of the application, and their review
will form the basis, in part, of the auditor's report on internal
accounting controls in Form N-SAR.
18. No Fund will participate in the Interfund Program, upon receipt
of requisite regulatory approval, unless it has fully disclosed in its
prospectus and/or statement of additional information all material
facts about its intended participation.
For the Commission, by the Division of Investment Management,
under delegated authority.
Kevin M. O'Neill,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2014-13104 Filed 6-5-14; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011-01-P