Self-Regulatory Organizations; The Depository Trust Company; Notice of Filing Amendment No. 1 and No Objection to Advance Notice Filing, as Modified by Amendment No. 1, To Reduce Liquidity Risk Relating to Its Processing of Maturity and Income Presentments and Issuances of Money Market Instruments, 13917-13919 [2013-04749]
Download as PDF
Federal Register / Vol. 78, No. 41 / Friday, March 1, 2013 / Notices
Act of 1940 for the month of February
2013. A copy of each application may be
obtained via the Commission’s Web site
by searching for the file number, or for
an applicant using the Company name
box, at https://www.sec.gov/search/
search.htm or by calling (202) 551–
8090. An order granting each
application will be issued unless the
SEC orders a hearing. Interested persons
may request a hearing on any
application by writing to the SEC’s
Secretary at the address below and
serving the relevant applicant with a
copy of the request, personally or by
mail. Hearing requests should be
received by the SEC by 5:30 p.m. on
March 19, 2013, and should be
accompanied by proof of service on the
applicant, in the form of an affidavit or,
for lawyers, a certificate of service.
Hearing requests should state the nature
of the writer’s interest, the reason for the
request, and the issues contested.
Persons who wish to be notified of a
hearing may request notification by
writing to the Secretary, U.S. Securities
and Exchange Commission, 100 F Street
NE., Washington, DC 20549–1090.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Diane L. Titus at (202) 551–6810, SEC,
Division of Investment Management,
Office of Investment Company
Regulation, 100 F Street NE.,
Washington, DC 20549–8010.
Legg Mason Global Trust Inc. [File No.
811–7418]
Each applicant seeks an order
declaring that it has ceased to be an
investment company. The applicants
have transferred their assets to
corresponding shell series of Legg
Mason Global Asset Management Trust
and, on April 30, 2012, each made a
final distribution to its shareholders
based on net asset value. Expenses of
approximately $26,463 and $21,223,
respectively, incurred in connection
with the reorganizations were paid by
each applicant.
Filing Date: The applications were
filed on February 4, 2013.
Applicants’ Address: 100
International Dr., 7th Floor, Baltimore,
MD 21202.
mstockstill on DSK4VPTVN1PROD with NOTICES
SUMMARY:
Separate Account VA QQ [File No. 811–
22556]
The Applicant, a unit
investment trust, seeks an order
declaring that it has ceased to be an
investment company based on
abandonment of registration. The
Applicant has no policyholders.
Transamerica Financial Life Insurance
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For the Commission, by the Division of
Investment Management, pursuant to
delegated authority.
Kevin M. O’Neill,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2013–04753 Filed 2–28–13; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
[Release No. 34–68982; File No. SR–DTC–
2012–810]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; The
Depository Trust Company; Notice of
Filing Amendment No. 1 and No
Objection to Advance Notice Filing, as
Modified by Amendment No. 1, To
Reduce Liquidity Risk Relating to Its
Processing of Maturity and Income
Presentments and Issuances of Money
Market Instruments
February 25, 2013.
I. Introduction
Legg Mason Charles Street Trust Inc.
[File No. 811–8611]
SUMMARY:
Company, as the Applicant’s depositor,
has determined that the Applicant
should be deregistered inasmuch as it is
not engaged in or intending to engage in
any business activities other than those
necessary for winding up its affairs.
Filing Date: The application was filed
on February 13, 2013.
Applicant’s Address: 4333 Edgewood
Road NE., Cedar Rapids, IA 52499–
0001.
On December 28, 2012, The
Depository Trust Company (‘‘DTC’’)
filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission (‘‘Commission’’) advance
notice SR–DTC–2012–810 (‘‘Advance
Notice’’) pursuant to Section 806(e) of
Title VIII of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street
Reform and Consumer Protection Act
(‘‘Dodd-Frank Act’’),1 entitled the
Payment, Clearing, and Settlement
Supervision Act of 2010 (‘‘Clearing
Supervision Act’’ or ‘‘Title VIII’’) and
Rule 19b–4(n) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 (‘‘Exchange Act’’).
The Advance Notice was published in
the Federal Register on January 18,
2013.2 DTC filed Amendment No. 1 to
the Advance Notice on January 30,
1 Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer
Protection Act, Public Law 111–203, 124 Stat. 1376
(2010).
2 Release No. 34–68690 (Jan. 18, 2013), 78 FR
5516 (Jan. 25, 2013). DTC also filed a proposed rule
change under Section 19(b)(1) of the Exchange Act
relating to these changes. Release No. 34–68548
(Dec. 28, 2012), 78 FR 795 (Jan. 4, 2013). The
Commission extended the period of review of the
proposed rule change on February 5, 2013. Release
No. 34–68834 (Feb. 5, 2013), 78 FR 9762 (Feb. 11,
2013).
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Fmt 4703
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13917
2013.3 The Commission received one
comment on the Advance Notice.4 This
publication serves as notice of filing
Amendment No. 1 and of no objection
to the Advance Notice, as modified by
Amendment No. 1.
II. Analysis
A. Description of MMI Processing and
Proposed Rule Change
DTC filed the Advance Notice to
permit it to make rule changes designed
to reduce liquidity risk relating to DTC’s
processing of maturity and income
presentments (‘‘Maturity Obligations’’)
and issuances of money market
instruments (‘‘MMIs’’), as discussed
below.
MMIs are settled at DTC on a tradefor-trade basis. Issuers of MMIs that are
not direct members of DTC enlist banks
(‘‘Issuing/Paying Agent’’ or ‘‘IPA’’) to
issue MMIs to broker-dealers, who in
turn sell the MMIs to MMI investors.
Debt issuance instructions are
transmitted to DTC by the IPA, which
triggers DTC crediting the IPA’s DTC
account and creating a deliver order to
the broker-dealers’ accounts on behalf of
the investors.
Maturity Obligations are initiated
automatically by DTC early each
morning for MMIs maturing that day.
DTC debits the amount of the Maturity
Obligations to the appropriate IPA’s
account and credits the same amount to
the appropriate broker-dealer and
custodian accounts. The debits and
credits are conditional until final
settlement at the end of the day.
According to DTC, IPAs do not have a
legal obligation to honor maturing MMIs
if they have not received funding from
the issuer.
According to DTC, the common
source of funding for Maturity
Obligations is new issuances of MMIs in
the same acronym by the same issuer on
the day the Maturity Obligations are
due. In a situation where new MMI
issuances exceed the Maturity
Obligations, the issuer would have no
net funds payment due to the IPA on
that day. However, because Maturity
Obligations are processed and debited
from IPA accounts automatically, IPAs
currently incur credit risk if the issuers
do not issue MMIs that exceed the
3 The Amendment revised the text of DTC’s
Settlement Service Guide related to the Advance
Notice by adding a sentence to clarify the change
as stated in the Advance Notice and correcting a
grammatical error.
4 See Comment from Karen Jackson dated
December 30, 2012, https://sec.gov/comments/sr-dtc2012-10/dtc201210-1.htm. The comment discusses
the ability of individuals to withdraw money from
money market accounts, which is not implicated by
the proposed rule change.
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Federal Register / Vol. 78, No. 41 / Friday, March 1, 2013 / Notices
mstockstill on DSK4VPTVN1PROD with NOTICES
Maturity Obligations.5 Because IPAs do
not have a legal obligation to honor
maturing MMIs in the absence of
funding from the issuer, IPAs may
communicate to DTC an Issuer Failure/
Refusal to Pay (‘‘RTP’’) for any issuer
acronym up to 3:00 p.m. ET on the day
of the affected Maturity Obligation.
Such an instruction causes DTC,
pursuant to its Rules, to reverse all
transactions related to that issuer’s
acronym, including Maturity
Obligations and any new MMI
issuances, posing a potential for
systemic risk since the reversals may
override DTC’s risk management
controls such as the Collateral Monitor
(‘‘CM’’) 6 and net debit cap (‘‘Net Debit
Cap,’’ collectively with CM, ‘‘Settlement
Risk Controls’’).7
DTC currently withholds intraday
from each MMI member the largest
provisional net credit (‘‘LPNC’’) of a
single issuer’s acronym for purposes of
calculating the member’s position in
relation to the Settlement Risk Controls.
DTC believes that the LPNC control
helps protect DTC against either (i) the
single largest issuer failure on a
business day, or (ii) multiple failures on
a business day that, taken together, do
not exceed the largest provisional net
credit.
Recent market events have increased
DTC’s awareness of the possibility of
multiple simultaneous MMI issuer
failures. Multiple simultaneous MMI
issuer failures may cause more IPAs on
a given day to communicate an RTP to
DTC, which could increase the amount
of the reversal that could override the
DTC Settlement Risk Controls. As a
result, DTC is increasing the LPNC
5 DTC guidelines suggest that issuers fund their
net debit obligations to the IPA by 1:00 p.m. ET to
alleviate this credit risk.
6 A DTC ‘‘Participant’’ is a regulated institution
that is eligible to use and uses DTC’s services. See
DTC Participant Handbook (Sept. 2011). DTC tracks
collateral in a Participant’s DTC account through
the CM. At all times, the CM reflects the amount
by which the collateral value in the account
exceeds the net debit balance in the account. When
processing a transaction, DTC verifies that the CM
of each of the deliverer and receiver will not
become negative when the transaction is processed.
If the transaction would cause either party to have
a negative CM, the transaction will recycle until the
deficient account has sufficient collateral to
proceed or until the applicable cutoff occurs. See
id.
7 The Net Debit Cap control is designed so that
DTC may complete settlement even if a Participant
fails to settle. Before completing a transaction in
which a Participant is the receiver, DTC calculates
the effect the transaction would have on such
Participant’s account, and determines whether any
resulting net debit balance would exceed the
Participant’s net debit cap. Any transaction that
would cause the net debit balance to exceed the net
debit cap is placed on a pending (recycling) queue
until the net debit cap will not be exceeded by
processing the transaction. See DTC Participant
Handbook (Sept. 2011).
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withholding to the two largest net
credits (on an acronym basis). In order
to alleviate any settlement blockage that
may occur as a result of withholding the
two largest LPNCs and to promote
settlement finality, DTC will no longer
process an RTP initiated by an IPA that
serves as both an issuing agent and a
paying agent in the same acronym on
the same day when new MMI issuances
in an acronym exceed, in dollar value,
the Maturity Obligations in the same
acronym on the same day and the
receiving members’ Settlement Risk
Controls permit completion of the
transaction. As a result, DTC will
remove the LPNC withholding with
respect to such acronyms at the point in
time when it eliminates the IPA’s option
to initiate an RTP.
B. Discussion
Although Title VIII does not specify a
standard of review for an Advance
Notice, the stated purpose of Title VIII
is instructive.8 The stated purpose of
Title VIII is to mitigate systemic risk in
the financial system and promote
financial stability by, among other
things, promoting uniform risk
management standards for systemicallyimportant financial market utilities
(‘‘FMUs’’) 9 and providing an enhanced
role for the Federal Reserve Board in the
supervision of risk management
standards for systemically-important
FMUs.10
Section 805(a)(2) of the Clearing
Supervision Act 11 authorizes the
Commission to prescribe risk
management standards for the payment,
clearing, and settlement activities of
designated clearing entities and
financial institutions engaged in
designated activities for which it is the
supervisory agency or the appropriate
financial regulator. Section 805(b) of the
Clearing Supervision Act 12 states that
the objectives and principles for the risk
management standards prescribed under
Section 805(a) shall be to:
• Promote robust risk management;
• Promote safety and soundness;
• Reduce systemic risks; and
• Support the stability of the broader
financial system.
The Commission adopted risk
management standards under Section
805(a)(2) of the Clearing Supervision
8 12
U.S.C. 5461(b).
9 DTC was designated a systemically-important
FMU on July 18, 2012, by the Financial Stability
Oversight Council. Financial Stability Oversight
Council 2012 Annual Report, Appendix A, https://
www.treasury.gov/initiatives/fsoc/Documents/
2012%20Annual%20Report.pdf.
10 12 U.S.C. 5461(b).
11 12 U.S.C. 5464(a)(2).
12 12 U.S.C. 5464(b).
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Frm 00064
Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
Act on October 22, 2012 (‘‘Clearing
Agency Standards’’).13 The Clearing
Agency Standards became effective on
January 2, 2013 and require clearing
agencies that perform central
counterparty services to establish,
implement, maintain, and enforce
written policies and procedures that are
reasonably designed to meet certain
minimum requirements for their
operations and risk management
practices on an ongoing basis.14 As
such, it is appropriate for the
Commission to review Advance Notices
against these risk management
standards that the Commission
promulgated under Section 805(a) and
the objectives and principles of these
risk management standards as described
in Section 805(b).
The proposal to increase the LPNC
withholding from one to two on an
acronym basis is designed to further
mitigate intraday credit risk borne by
DTC and its members during the time
between the initiation of Maturity
Obligations and the MMI issuer funding
for those Maturity Obligations, typically
by issuing new MMIs. DTC states that
the initiative for the proposal was a
heightened awareness of the possibility
of multiple simultaneous MMI issuer
failures. The proposal to no longer
process an RTP initiated by an IPA
when new issuances in an acronym
exceed, in dollar value, the Maturity
Obligations in the same acronym on the
same day is designed to promote
settlement finality and to alleviate the
possibility of settlement blockage that
may result from DTC increasing the
LPNC withholding from one to two.
Consistent with Section 805(a), the
Commission believes these changes
promote the safety and soundness of the
operations of DTC, reduce systemic
risks typically associated with MMI
transactions, and support the stability of
the broader financial system by
promoting settlement finality of MMI
transactions.
Furthermore, Commission Rules
17Ad–22(d)(11) regarding Default
Procedures and 17Ad–22(d)(12)
regarding Timing of Settlement Finality,
both adopted as part of the Clearing
13 Release No. 34–68080 (Oct. 22, 2012), 77 FR
66219 (Nov. 2, 2012).
14 The Clearing Agency Standards are
substantially similar to the risk management
standards established by the Board of Governors
governing the operations of designated FMUs that
are not clearing entities and financial institutions
engaged in designated activities for which the
Commission or the Commodity Futures Trading
Commission is the Supervisory Agency. See
Financial Market Utilities, 77 FR 45907 (Aug. 2,
2012).
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01MRN1
Federal Register / Vol. 78, No. 41 / Friday, March 1, 2013 / Notices
Agency Standards,15 require that
clearing agencies establish, implement,
maintain and enforce, written policies
and procedures reasonably designed to
establish default procedures that ensure
that the clearing agency can take timely
action to contain losses and liquidity
pressures and to continue meeting its
obligations in the event of a participant
default, and require that intraday or
real-time finality be provided where
necessary to reduce risks,
respectively.16 Here, as described in
detail above, DTC’s proposed rule
change to increase the LPNC from one
to two largest provisional credits should
help it better contain losses and
liquidity pressures, yet continue to meet
its obligations; meanwhile, DTC’s
proposed rule change to no longer
process RTPs for an acronym when the
described circumstances are met and,
then, remove the LPNC for the same
acronym when an RTP is no longer
viable should improve settlement
finality, thus reducing DTC’s risk. Since
RTPs will no longer be processed when
new issuances in an acronym exceed
Maturity Obligations in the same
acronym in the same day, removing the
LPNC control in these cases should not
increase DTC’s exposure to MMI issuer
credit risk.
III. Conclusion
It is therefore noticed, pursuant to
Section 806(e)(1)(I) of the Clearing
Supervision Act,17 that the Commission
does not object to the proposed rule
change described in the Advance
Notice, as modified by Amendment No.
1, and that DTC be and hereby is
authorized to implement the proposed
rule change as of the date of this notice
or the date of the ‘‘Notice of Filing
Amendment No. 2 and Order Approving
Proposed Rule Change, as Modified by
Amendment No. 2, to Reduce Liquidity
Risk Relating to [DTC’s] Processing of
Maturity and Income Presentments and
Issuances of Money Market
Instruments,’’ SR–DTC–2012–10,
whichever is later.
By the Commission.
Kevin M. O’Neill,
Deputy Secretary.
mstockstill on DSK4VPTVN1PROD with NOTICES
[FR Doc. 2013–04749 Filed 2–28–13; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
15 Release No. 34–68080 (Oct. 22, 2012), 77 FR
66219 (Nov. 2, 2012).
16 Id. at 131–139.
17 12 U.S.C. 5465(e)(1)(I).
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16:40 Feb 28, 2013
Jkt 229001
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
[Release No. 34–68908; File No. SR–CHX–
2013–05]
Self-Regulatory Organizations;
Chicago Stock Exchange, Inc.; Notice
of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness
of Proposed Rule Change Amending
CHX Article 8, Rule 13, Which, Among
Other Things, Prohibits Deceptive and
Other Abusive Telemarketing Acts or
Practices, To Correct a Citation Error
February 12, 2013.
Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
(‘‘Exchange Act’’),1 and Rule 19b–4 2
thereunder, notice is hereby given that
on February 1, 2013, the Chicago Stock
Exchange, Inc. (‘‘CHX’’ or the
‘‘Exchange’’) filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission
(‘‘Commission’’) the proposed rule
change as described in Items I, II and III
below, which Items have been prepared
by the Exchange. CHX has filed this
proposal pursuant to Exchange Act Rule
19b–4(f)(6),3 which is effective upon
filing with the Commission.
I. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Terms of Substance of
the Proposed Rule Change
CHX proposes to amend CHX Article
8, Rule 13, which, among other things,
prohibits deceptive and other abusive
telemarketing acts or practices, to
correct a citation error. The text of this
proposed rule change is available on the
Exchange’s Web site at (www.chx.com)
and in the Commission’s Public
Reference Room.
II. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
Change
In its filing with the Commission,
CHX included statements concerning
the purpose of and basis for the
proposed rule changes and discussed
any comments it received on the
proposed rule change. The text of these
statements may be examined at the
places specified in Item IV below. CHX
has prepared summaries, set forth in
sections A, B and C below, of the most
significant aspects of such statements.
1 15
U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
CFR 240.19b–4.
3 17 CFR 240.19b–4(f)(6).
2 17
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Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
13919
A. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
Changes
1. Purpose
The Exchange proposes to amend
Article 8, Rule 13 (Advertising,
Promotion and Telemarketing), which,
among other things, prohibits deceptive
and other abusive telemarketing acts or
practices. Specifically, the Exchange
proposes to amend Article 8, Rule
13(d)(1)(A), to correct a citation error.
Currently, the Rule correctly provides
that no Participant 4 or person
associated therewith shall initiate any
outbound telephone call to any
residence of a person before the hour of
8 a.m. or after 9 p.m. (local time at the
called party’s location), unless the
Participant has an ‘‘established business
relationship’’ with the person.5
However, the Rule incorrectly states that
the term ‘‘established business
relationship’’ is defined ‘‘pursuant to
paragraph (m)(12).’’ Instead, the citation
should refer to CHX Article 8, Rule
13(p)(12), which provides the definition
for an ‘‘established business
relationship.’’ 6
2. Statutory Basis
The Exchange believes that its
proposal is consistent with Section 6(b)
of the Exchange Act,7 in general, and
furthers the objectives of Section 6(b)(5)
of the Exchange Act,8 in particular, in
that it is designed to prevent fraudulent
and manipulative acts and practices, to
promote just and equitable principles of
trade, to remove impediments to and
perfect the mechanism of a free and
open market and a national market
system, and, in general, to protect
investors and the public interest. The
Exchange believes that the change
proposed herein meets these
requirements in that it corrects a
citation error in a CHX rule that
4 See
CHX Article 1, Rule 1(s).
CHX Article 8, Rule 13(d)(1)(A).
6 CHX Article 8, Rule 13(p)(12) provides the
following: ‘‘12. The term ‘‘established business
relationship’’ means a relationship between a
Participant and a person if: (A) The person has
made a financial transaction or has a security
position, a money balance, or account activity with
the Participant or at a clearing firm that provides
clearing services to such Participant within the
previous eighteen (18) months immediately
preceding the date of the telemarketing call; (B) the
Participant is the broker-dealer of record for an
account of the person within the previous eighteen
(18) months immediately preceding the date of the
telemarketing call; or (C) the person has contacted
the Participant to inquire about a product or service
offered by the Participant within the previous three
(3) months immediately preceding the date of the
telemarketing call.’’
7 15 U.S.C. 78f(b).
8 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).
5 See
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Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 78, Number 41 (Friday, March 1, 2013)]
[Notices]
[Pages 13917-13919]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2013-04749]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
[Release No. 34-68982; File No. SR-DTC-2012-810]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; The Depository Trust Company;
Notice of Filing Amendment No. 1 and No Objection to Advance Notice
Filing, as Modified by Amendment No. 1, To Reduce Liquidity Risk
Relating to Its Processing of Maturity and Income Presentments and
Issuances of Money Market Instruments
February 25, 2013.
I. Introduction
On December 28, 2012, The Depository Trust Company (``DTC'') filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission (``Commission'') advance
notice SR-DTC-2012-810 (``Advance Notice'') pursuant to Section 806(e)
of Title VIII of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer
Protection Act (``Dodd-Frank Act''),\1\ entitled the Payment, Clearing,
and Settlement Supervision Act of 2010 (``Clearing Supervision Act'' or
``Title VIII'') and Rule 19b-4(n) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 (``Exchange Act''). The Advance Notice was published in the
Federal Register on January 18, 2013.\2\ DTC filed Amendment No. 1 to
the Advance Notice on January 30, 2013.\3\ The Commission received one
comment on the Advance Notice.\4\ This publication serves as notice of
filing Amendment No. 1 and of no objection to the Advance Notice, as
modified by Amendment No. 1.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act,
Public Law 111-203, 124 Stat. 1376 (2010).
\2\ Release No. 34-68690 (Jan. 18, 2013), 78 FR 5516 (Jan. 25,
2013). DTC also filed a proposed rule change under Section 19(b)(1)
of the Exchange Act relating to these changes. Release No. 34-68548
(Dec. 28, 2012), 78 FR 795 (Jan. 4, 2013). The Commission extended
the period of review of the proposed rule change on February 5,
2013. Release No. 34-68834 (Feb. 5, 2013), 78 FR 9762 (Feb. 11,
2013).
\3\ The Amendment revised the text of DTC's Settlement Service
Guide related to the Advance Notice by adding a sentence to clarify
the change as stated in the Advance Notice and correcting a
grammatical error.
\4\ See Comment from Karen Jackson dated December 30, 2012,
https://sec.gov/comments/sr-dtc-2012-10/dtc201210-1.htm. The comment
discusses the ability of individuals to withdraw money from money
market accounts, which is not implicated by the proposed rule
change.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
II. Analysis
A. Description of MMI Processing and Proposed Rule Change
DTC filed the Advance Notice to permit it to make rule changes
designed to reduce liquidity risk relating to DTC's processing of
maturity and income presentments (``Maturity Obligations'') and
issuances of money market instruments (``MMIs''), as discussed below.
MMIs are settled at DTC on a trade-for-trade basis. Issuers of MMIs
that are not direct members of DTC enlist banks (``Issuing/Paying
Agent'' or ``IPA'') to issue MMIs to broker-dealers, who in turn sell
the MMIs to MMI investors. Debt issuance instructions are transmitted
to DTC by the IPA, which triggers DTC crediting the IPA's DTC account
and creating a deliver order to the broker-dealers' accounts on behalf
of the investors.
Maturity Obligations are initiated automatically by DTC early each
morning for MMIs maturing that day. DTC debits the amount of the
Maturity Obligations to the appropriate IPA's account and credits the
same amount to the appropriate broker-dealer and custodian accounts.
The debits and credits are conditional until final settlement at the
end of the day. According to DTC, IPAs do not have a legal obligation
to honor maturing MMIs if they have not received funding from the
issuer.
According to DTC, the common source of funding for Maturity
Obligations is new issuances of MMIs in the same acronym by the same
issuer on the day the Maturity Obligations are due. In a situation
where new MMI issuances exceed the Maturity Obligations, the issuer
would have no net funds payment due to the IPA on that day. However,
because Maturity Obligations are processed and debited from IPA
accounts automatically, IPAs currently incur credit risk if the issuers
do not issue MMIs that exceed the
[[Page 13918]]
Maturity Obligations.\5\ Because IPAs do not have a legal obligation to
honor maturing MMIs in the absence of funding from the issuer, IPAs may
communicate to DTC an Issuer Failure/Refusal to Pay (``RTP'') for any
issuer acronym up to 3:00 p.m. ET on the day of the affected Maturity
Obligation. Such an instruction causes DTC, pursuant to its Rules, to
reverse all transactions related to that issuer's acronym, including
Maturity Obligations and any new MMI issuances, posing a potential for
systemic risk since the reversals may override DTC's risk management
controls such as the Collateral Monitor (``CM'') \6\ and net debit cap
(``Net Debit Cap,'' collectively with CM, ``Settlement Risk
Controls'').\7\
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\5\ DTC guidelines suggest that issuers fund their net debit
obligations to the IPA by 1:00 p.m. ET to alleviate this credit
risk.
\6\ A DTC ``Participant'' is a regulated institution that is
eligible to use and uses DTC's services. See DTC Participant
Handbook (Sept. 2011). DTC tracks collateral in a Participant's DTC
account through the CM. At all times, the CM reflects the amount by
which the collateral value in the account exceeds the net debit
balance in the account. When processing a transaction, DTC verifies
that the CM of each of the deliverer and receiver will not become
negative when the transaction is processed. If the transaction would
cause either party to have a negative CM, the transaction will
recycle until the deficient account has sufficient collateral to
proceed or until the applicable cutoff occurs. See id.
\7\ The Net Debit Cap control is designed so that DTC may
complete settlement even if a Participant fails to settle. Before
completing a transaction in which a Participant is the receiver, DTC
calculates the effect the transaction would have on such
Participant's account, and determines whether any resulting net
debit balance would exceed the Participant's net debit cap. Any
transaction that would cause the net debit balance to exceed the net
debit cap is placed on a pending (recycling) queue until the net
debit cap will not be exceeded by processing the transaction. See
DTC Participant Handbook (Sept. 2011).
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DTC currently withholds intraday from each MMI member the largest
provisional net credit (``LPNC'') of a single issuer's acronym for
purposes of calculating the member's position in relation to the
Settlement Risk Controls. DTC believes that the LPNC control helps
protect DTC against either (i) the single largest issuer failure on a
business day, or (ii) multiple failures on a business day that, taken
together, do not exceed the largest provisional net credit.
Recent market events have increased DTC's awareness of the
possibility of multiple simultaneous MMI issuer failures. Multiple
simultaneous MMI issuer failures may cause more IPAs on a given day to
communicate an RTP to DTC, which could increase the amount of the
reversal that could override the DTC Settlement Risk Controls. As a
result, DTC is increasing the LPNC withholding to the two largest net
credits (on an acronym basis). In order to alleviate any settlement
blockage that may occur as a result of withholding the two largest
LPNCs and to promote settlement finality, DTC will no longer process an
RTP initiated by an IPA that serves as both an issuing agent and a
paying agent in the same acronym on the same day when new MMI issuances
in an acronym exceed, in dollar value, the Maturity Obligations in the
same acronym on the same day and the receiving members' Settlement Risk
Controls permit completion of the transaction. As a result, DTC will
remove the LPNC withholding with respect to such acronyms at the point
in time when it eliminates the IPA's option to initiate an RTP.
B. Discussion
Although Title VIII does not specify a standard of review for an
Advance Notice, the stated purpose of Title VIII is instructive.\8\ The
stated purpose of Title VIII is to mitigate systemic risk in the
financial system and promote financial stability by, among other
things, promoting uniform risk management standards for systemically-
important financial market utilities (``FMUs'') \9\ and providing an
enhanced role for the Federal Reserve Board in the supervision of risk
management standards for systemically-important FMUs.\10\
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\8\ 12 U.S.C. 5461(b).
\9\ DTC was designated a systemically-important FMU on July 18,
2012, by the Financial Stability Oversight Council. Financial
Stability Oversight Council 2012 Annual Report, Appendix A, https://www.treasury.gov/initiatives/fsoc/Documents/2012%20Annual%20Report.pdf.
\10\ 12 U.S.C. 5461(b).
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Section 805(a)(2) of the Clearing Supervision Act \11\ authorizes
the Commission to prescribe risk management standards for the payment,
clearing, and settlement activities of designated clearing entities and
financial institutions engaged in designated activities for which it is
the supervisory agency or the appropriate financial regulator. Section
805(b) of the Clearing Supervision Act \12\ states that the objectives
and principles for the risk management standards prescribed under
Section 805(a) shall be to:
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\11\ 12 U.S.C. 5464(a)(2).
\12\ 12 U.S.C. 5464(b).
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Promote robust risk management;
Promote safety and soundness;
Reduce systemic risks; and
Support the stability of the broader financial system.
The Commission adopted risk management standards under Section
805(a)(2) of the Clearing Supervision Act on October 22, 2012
(``Clearing Agency Standards'').\13\ The Clearing Agency Standards
became effective on January 2, 2013 and require clearing agencies that
perform central counterparty services to establish, implement,
maintain, and enforce written policies and procedures that are
reasonably designed to meet certain minimum requirements for their
operations and risk management practices on an ongoing basis.\14\ As
such, it is appropriate for the Commission to review Advance Notices
against these risk management standards that the Commission promulgated
under Section 805(a) and the objectives and principles of these risk
management standards as described in Section 805(b).
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\13\ Release No. 34-68080 (Oct. 22, 2012), 77 FR 66219 (Nov. 2,
2012).
\14\ The Clearing Agency Standards are substantially similar to
the risk management standards established by the Board of Governors
governing the operations of designated FMUs that are not clearing
entities and financial institutions engaged in designated activities
for which the Commission or the Commodity Futures Trading Commission
is the Supervisory Agency. See Financial Market Utilities, 77 FR
45907 (Aug. 2, 2012).
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The proposal to increase the LPNC withholding from one to two on an
acronym basis is designed to further mitigate intraday credit risk
borne by DTC and its members during the time between the initiation of
Maturity Obligations and the MMI issuer funding for those Maturity
Obligations, typically by issuing new MMIs. DTC states that the
initiative for the proposal was a heightened awareness of the
possibility of multiple simultaneous MMI issuer failures. The proposal
to no longer process an RTP initiated by an IPA when new issuances in
an acronym exceed, in dollar value, the Maturity Obligations in the
same acronym on the same day is designed to promote settlement finality
and to alleviate the possibility of settlement blockage that may result
from DTC increasing the LPNC withholding from one to two. Consistent
with Section 805(a), the Commission believes these changes promote the
safety and soundness of the operations of DTC, reduce systemic risks
typically associated with MMI transactions, and support the stability
of the broader financial system by promoting settlement finality of MMI
transactions.
Furthermore, Commission Rules 17Ad-22(d)(11) regarding Default
Procedures and 17Ad-22(d)(12) regarding Timing of Settlement Finality,
both adopted as part of the Clearing
[[Page 13919]]
Agency Standards,\15\ require that clearing agencies establish,
implement, maintain and enforce, written policies and procedures
reasonably designed to establish default procedures that ensure that
the clearing agency can take timely action to contain losses and
liquidity pressures and to continue meeting its obligations in the
event of a participant default, and require that intraday or real-time
finality be provided where necessary to reduce risks, respectively.\16\
Here, as described in detail above, DTC's proposed rule change to
increase the LPNC from one to two largest provisional credits should
help it better contain losses and liquidity pressures, yet continue to
meet its obligations; meanwhile, DTC's proposed rule change to no
longer process RTPs for an acronym when the described circumstances are
met and, then, remove the LPNC for the same acronym when an RTP is no
longer viable should improve settlement finality, thus reducing DTC's
risk. Since RTPs will no longer be processed when new issuances in an
acronym exceed Maturity Obligations in the same acronym in the same
day, removing the LPNC control in these cases should not increase DTC's
exposure to MMI issuer credit risk.
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\15\ Release No. 34-68080 (Oct. 22, 2012), 77 FR 66219 (Nov. 2,
2012).
\16\ Id. at 131-139.
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III. Conclusion
It is therefore noticed, pursuant to Section 806(e)(1)(I) of the
Clearing Supervision Act,\17\ that the Commission does not object to
the proposed rule change described in the Advance Notice, as modified
by Amendment No. 1, and that DTC be and hereby is authorized to
implement the proposed rule change as of the date of this notice or the
date of the ``Notice of Filing Amendment No. 2 and Order Approving
Proposed Rule Change, as Modified by Amendment No. 2, to Reduce
Liquidity Risk Relating to [DTC's] Processing of Maturity and Income
Presentments and Issuances of Money Market Instruments,'' SR-DTC-2012-
10, whichever is later.
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\17\ 12 U.S.C. 5465(e)(1)(I).
By the Commission.
Kevin M. O'Neill,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2013-04749 Filed 2-28-13; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011-01-P