Proposed Priority-National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research-Disability and Rehabilitation Research Project-Inclusive Cloud and Web Computing, 2919-2923 [2013-00577]
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Federal Register / Vol. 78, No. 10 / Tuesday, January 15, 2013 / Proposed Rules
13. Technical Standards
This proposed rule does not use
technical standards. Therefore, we did
not consider the use of voluntary
consensus standards.
14. Environment
We have analyzed this proposed rule
under Department of Homeland
Security Management Directive 023–01
and Commandant Instruction
M16475.lD, which guide the Coast
Guard in complying with the National
Environmental Policy Act of 1969
(NEPA) (42 U.S.C. 4321–4370f), and
have made a preliminary determination
that this action is one of a category of
actions that do not individually or
cumulatively have a significant effect on
the human environment. This proposed
rule involves a special local regulation
issued in conjunction with a marine
event. This rule is categorically
excluded from further review under
paragraph 34(h) of Figure 2–1 of the
Commandant Instruction. We seek any
comments or information that may lead
to the discovery of a significant
environmental impact from this
proposed rule.
List of Subjects in 33 CFR Part 100
Marine safety, Navigation (water),
Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements, Waterways.
For the reasons discussed in the
preamble, the Coast Guard proposes to
amend 33 CFR part 100 as follows:
PART 100—SAFETY OF LIFE ON
NAVIGABLE WATERS
(c) Regulations. (1) All persons and
vessels are prohibited from entering,
transiting through, anchoring in, or
remaining within the regulated area
unless authorized by the Captain of the
Port Miami or a designated
representative. Persons and vessels may
request authorization to enter, transit
through, anchor in, or remain within the
regulated area by contacting the Captain
of the Port Miami by telephone at (305)
535–4472, or a designated
representative via VHF radio on channel
16, to request authorization. If
authorization to enter, transit through,
anchor in, or remain within the
regulated areas is granted by the Captain
of the Port Miami or a designated
representative, all persons and vessels
receiving such authorization must
comply with the instructions of the
Captain of the Port Miami or a
designated representative.
(2) The Coast Guard will provide
notice of the regulated areas by Local
Notice to Mariners, Broadcast Notice to
Mariners, and on-scene designated
representatives.
(d) Enforcement date. This rule will
be enforced from 6:30 a.m. until 8:30
a.m. on June 1, 2013.
Dated: December 26, 2012.
J.B. Pruett,
Captain, U.S. Coast Guard, Acting Captain
of the Port Miami.
[FR Doc. 2013–00515 Filed 1–14–13; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 9110–04–P
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
34 CFR Chapter III
1. The authority citation for part 100
continues to read as follows:
■
Authority: 33 U.S.C. 1233.
2. Add a temporary § 100.35T07–0552
to read as follows:
■
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§ 100.35T07–0552 Special Local
Regulation; West Palm Beach Triathlon
Championship, Intracoastal Waterway, West
Palm Beach, FL.
(a) Regulated area. The following
regulated area is established as a special
local regulation. All waters of the
Intracoastal Waterway in West Palm
Beach, Florida between the Flagler
Memorial Bridge to the Royal Palm Way
Bridge.
(b) Definition. The term ‘‘designated
representative’’ means Coast Guard
Patrol Commanders, including Coast
Guard coxswains, petty officers, and
other officers operating Coast Guard
vessels, and Federal, state and local
officers designated by or assisting the
Captain of the Port Miami in the
enforcement of the regulated area.
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Proposed Priority—National Institute
on Disability and Rehabilitation
Research—Disability and
Rehabilitation Research Project—
Inclusive Cloud and Web Computing
CFDA Number: 84.133A–01.
Office of Special Education and
Rehabilitative Services, Department of
Education.
ACTION: Proposed priority.
AGENCY:
The Assistant Secretary for
Special Education and Rehabilitative
Services proposes a priority under the
Disability and Rehabilitation Research
Projects and Centers Program
administered by the National Institute
on Disability and Rehabilitation
Research (NIDRR). Specifically, this
notice proposes a priority for a
Disability and Rehabilitation Research
Project (DRRP) on inclusive Cloud and
Web computing. The Assistant Secretary
may use this priority for competitions in
fiscal year (FY) 2013 and later years. We
SUMMARY:
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take this action to focus research
attention on areas of national need. We
intend this priority to contribute to
improved employment outcomes for
individuals with disabilities.
DATES: We must receive your comments
on or before February 14, 2013.
ADDRESSES: Address all comments about
this notice to Marlene Spencer, U.S.
Department of Education, 400 Maryland
Avenue SW., room 5133, Potomac
Center Plaza (PCP), Washington, DC
20202–2700.
If you prefer to send your comments
by email, use the following address:
marlene.spencer@ed.gov. You must
include the phrase ‘‘Proposed Priority
for Inclusive Cloud and Web
Computing’’ in the subject line of your
electronic message.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Marlene Spencer. Telephone: (202) 245–
7532 or by email:
marlene.spencer@ed.gov.
If you use a telecommunications
device for the deaf (TDD) or a text
telephone (TTY), call the Federal Relay
Service (FRS), toll free, at 1–800–877–
8339.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: This
proposed priority is in concert with
NIDRR’s Long-Range Plan (Plan). The
Plan, which was published in the
Federal Register on February 15, 2006
(71 FR 8165), can be accessed on the
Internet at the following site:
www2.ed.gov/legislation/FedRegister/
other/2006-1/021506d.pdf.
Through the implementation of the
Plan, NIDRR seeks to: (1) Improve the
quality and utility of disability and
rehabilitation research; (2) foster an
exchange of expertise, information, and
training methods to facilitate the
advancement of knowledge and
understanding of the unique needs of
traditionally underserved populations;
(3) determine best strategies and
programs to improve rehabilitation
outcomes for underserved populations;
(4) identify research gaps; (5) identify
mechanisms for integrating research and
practice; and (6) disseminate findings.
This notice proposes a priority that
NIDRR intends to use for a DRRP
competition in FY 2013 and possibly
later years. However, nothing precludes
NIDRR from publishing additional
priorities, if needed. Furthermore,
NIDRR is under no obligation to make
an award using this priority. The
decision to make an award will be based
on the quality of applications received
and available funding.
Invitation to Comment: We invite you
to submit comments regarding this
notice. To ensure that your comments
have maximum effect in developing the
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notice of final priority, we urge you to
identify clearly the specific topic that
each comment addresses.
We invite you to assist us in
complying with the specific
requirements of Executive Orders 12866
and 13563 and their overall requirement
of reducing regulatory burden that
might result from this proposed priority.
Please let us know of any further ways
we could reduce potential costs or
increase potential benefits while
preserving the effective and efficient
administration of the program.
During and after the comment period,
you may inspect all public comments
about this notice in room 5133, 550 12th
Street SW., PCP, Washington, DC,
between the hours of 8:30 a.m. and 4:00
p.m., Washington, DC time, Monday
through Friday of each week except
Federal holidays.
Assistance to Individuals with
Disabilities in Reviewing the
Rulemaking Record: On request we will
provide an appropriate accommodation
or auxiliary aid to an individual with a
disability who needs assistance to
review the comments or other
documents in the public rulemaking
record for this notice. If you want to
schedule an appointment for this type of
accommodation or auxiliary aid, please
contact the person listed under FOR
FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT.
Purpose of Program: The purpose of
the Disability and Rehabilitation
Research Projects and Centers Program
is to plan and conduct research,
demonstration projects, training, and
related activities, including
international activities, to develop
methods, procedures, and rehabilitation
technology, that maximize the full
inclusion and integration into society,
employment, independent living, family
support, and economic and social selfsufficiency of individuals with
disabilities, especially individuals with
the most severe disabilities, and to
improve the effectiveness of services
authorized under the Rehabilitation Act
of 1973, as amended (Rehabilitation
Act).
Disability and Rehabilitation Research
Projects
The purpose of NIDRR’s DRRPs,
which are funded through the Disability
and Rehabilitation Research Projects
and Centers Program, are to improve the
effectiveness of services authorized
under the Rehabilitation Act, by
developing methods, procedures, and
rehabilitation technologies that advance
a wide range of independent living and
employment outcomes for individuals
with disabilities, especially individuals
with the most severe disabilities. DRRPs
carry out one or more of the following
types of activities, as specified and
defined in 34 CFR 350.13 through
350.19: research, training,
demonstration, development,
dissemination, utilization, and technical
assistance.
An applicant for assistance under this
program must demonstrate in its
application how it will address, in
whole or in part, the needs of
individuals with disabilities from
minority backgrounds (34 CFR
350.40(a)). The approaches an applicant
may take to meet this requirement are
found in 34 CFR 350.40(b). Additional
information on the DRRP program can
be found at: www.ed.gov/rschstat/
research/pubs/res-program.html#DRRP.
Program Authority: 29 U.S.C. 762(g)
and 764(a).
Applicable Program Regulations: 34
CFR part 350.
Proposed Priority:
This notice contains one proposed
priority.
DRRP on Inclusive Cloud and Web
Computing.
Background:
The World Wide Web (Web) has
become a fundamental tool for
employment, education, civic
participation, entertainment, and
purchase of goods and services.
However, participation in such
activities on the Web for people with
disabilities lags behind that for the
general population. For example, Web
use often requires broadband access, but
the National Broadband Plan states that
only 42 percent of people with
disabilities use broadband at home,
compared to 65 percent of people
nationwide (Federal Communications
Commission, 2010).
One reason for this disparity is that
the Web infrastructure is not set up to
address disability access issues
seamlessly across all of its functions
(Global Public Inclusive Infrastructure,
n.d.). Additionally, software and
devices (e.g., computer, smart phone,
tablet) used to access the Web are often
inaccessible for people with disabilities,
and individuals with disabilities have
limited access to technical assistance
with selecting, setting up, and using
appropriate technologies. Furthermore,
people with disabilities often are
required to purchase separate
accessibility software and assistive
devices for each device they use to
access the Web, which adds to the
economic burden of Web use by people
with disabilities (Lyle, 2010).
Cloud computing, a technology used
to store, access, and process information
on the Web, has the potential to
enhance Web participation by people
with disabilities by providing an
infrastructure that better supports
accessibility for this population.
International efforts are underway to
develop a cloud-based infrastructure for
the Web that includes options for
disability access within its general
structure—a change from the current,
more inaccessible structure, where
individuals with disabilities must set up
their personal Web-enabled devices
(e.g., smartphones) to meet their specific
needs. The goal of this effort is to enable
individuals with disabilities to log onto
any Web-enabled device and have their
user profiles and accessibility needs
automatically recognized and
appropriate tools activated, which
would reduce the need for individuals
to set up assistive technologies on each
Web-enabled device they use. Three
international projects addressing this
need are described at Global Public
Inclusive Infrastructure (n.d.), Cloud4all
(n.d.), and Fluid (n.d.).
In order to support this effort, NIDRR
has identified some (but not all) of the
research questions that must be
answered (see Table 1), together with
possible computer science approaches
to addressing them. Answering these
and other relevant questions
successfully will require collaboration
between people with disabilities and
experts in both disability and computer
science fields relevant to cloud and Web
accessibility and structure.
TABLE 1—RESEARCH QUESTIONS OF IMPORTANCE IN DEVELOPING ACCESSIBLE CLOUD AND WEB COMPUTING
INFRASTRUCTURE
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Research questions
Possible computer science approaches
How to make content and interactions easier to understand for people
with mental disabilities.
How to make it easier for people with disabilities to log on to the Web
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Authentication technology.
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TABLE 1—RESEARCH QUESTIONS OF IMPORTANCE IN DEVELOPING ACCESSIBLE CLOUD AND WEB COMPUTING
INFRASTRUCTURE—Continued
Research questions
Possible computer science approaches
How to change the presentation of information on Web pages to respond to difficulties encountered by people with disabilities.
How to manage user profiles and accessibility options over time, as
technology evolves.
How to make software more easily modifiable to meet individual needs
How to improve the ability of software tools to identify accessibility
problems in documents.
How to enable people with disabilities to share accessibility experiences and approaches.
How to incorporate specific accessibility features (e.g., closed captioning, volume control, video description, screen reader technology,
accessible user interfaces) into an inclusive Web infrastructure.
Adaptive user interfaces.
Federated information management.
Software architecture.
Automated user interface testing.
Social computing.
Software design.
Sources: Jurafsky and Martin (2008); Cranor (2011); Jameson (2009); Haas et al. (2009); Fowler (2004); Li et al. (2007); Erickson (2011);
Nielsen-Bohlman et al. (2004); Meiselwitz et al. (2009); Hurst et al. (2011); GPII (n.d.); Brajnik (2009); National Council on Disability (2011);
Twenty-First Century Communications and Video Accessibility Act of 2011, Pub. L. 111–260.
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References
Brajnik, G. (2009). Validity and reliability of
Web accessibility guidelines. In
Proceedings of ASSETS ’09 ACM
SIGACCESS Conference on Computers
and Accessibility. New York: ACM, 131–
138.
Cloud4all (n.d.). Cloud platforms lead to
open and universal access for people
with disabilities and for all. Retrieved
from https://cloud4all.info/.
Cranor, L. (Ed.) (2011). SOUPS 2011:
Proceedings of the Seventh Symposium
On Usable Privacy and Security. New
York: ACM.
Erickson, T. (2011). Social Computing. In M.
Soegaard and R. Dam (Eds.).
Encyclopedia of Human-Computer
Interaction. Aarhus, Denmark: The
Interaction-Design.org Foundation.
Federal Communications Commission (2010).
Connecting America: The National
Broadband Plan. Washington, DC:
Federal Communications Commission.
Fluid (n.d.). Designing software that works—
for everyone. Retrieved from https://
fluidproject.org/.
Fowler, M. (2004). Inversion of control
containers and the dependency injection
pattern. Retrieved from https://
martinfowler.com/articles/
injection.html.
Global Public Inclusive Infrastructure (n.d.).
About the Global Public Inclusive
Infrastructure (GPII). Retrieved from
https://gpii.net/About.html.
Haas, L., Hentschel, M., Kossmann, D., and
Miller, R. (2009). Schema and data: A
holistic approach to mapping, resolution
and fusion in information integration.
Conceptual Modeling-ER, 27–40.
Hurst, A., Gajos, K., Findlater, L., Wobbrock,
J., Sears, A., and Trewin, S. (2011).
Dynamic accessibility: Accommodating
differences in ability and situation. In
Proceedings of the 2011 Annual
Conference Extended Abstracts on
Human Factors in Computing Systems,
CHI EA ’11. New York: ACM, 41–44.
Jameson, A. (2009). Adaptive interfaces and
agents. In A. Sears and J. Jacko (Eds.).
Human-Computer Interaction: Design
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Issues, Solutions, and Applications. Boca
Raton, FL: CRC Press, 105–128.
Jurafsky, D., and Martin, J. (2008). Speech
and Language Processing. Upper Saddle
River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Li, P., Huynh, T., Reformat, M., and Miller,
J. (2007). A practical approach to testing
GUI systems. Empirical Software
Engineering, 12(4) 331–357.
Lyle, E. (2010). A giant leap & a big deal:
Delivering on the promise of equal
access to broadband for people with
disabilities. OBI Working Paper Series
No. 2. Washington, DC: Federal
Communications Commission.
Meiselwitz, G., Wentz, B., and Lazar, J.
(2009). Universal usability: Past, present,
and future. Foundations and Trends in
Human-Computer Interaction, 3(4), 213–
333.
National Council on Disability (2011). The
Power of Digital Inclusion: Technology’s
Impact on Employment and
Opportunities for People with
Disabilities. Washington, DC: National
Council on Disability.
Nielsen-Bohlman, L., Panzer, A.M., Hamlin,
B., and Kindig, D.A. (Eds.) (2004). Health
Literacy: A Prescription to End
Confusion. Washington, DC: National
Academies Press.
Twenty-First Century Communications and
Video Accessibility Act of 2011, Public
Law 111–260.
Proposed Priority:
The Assistant Secretary for Special
Education and Rehabilitative Services
proposes a priority for a Disability and
Rehabilitation Research Project (DRRP)
on Inclusive Cloud and Web computing.
The DRRP must contribute to the
development of an inclusive cloud and
Web infrastructure that incorporates
options for disability access within its
general structure.
To contribute to this initiative, the
DRRP must—
(1) Identify, design, prototype, and
assess promising methods and systems
for, and technical approaches to
designing, a cloud and Web
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infrastructure that addresses the needs
of individuals with disabilities. The
DRRP must address at least one of the
research questions outlined in Table 1
above. Applicants may also choose to
address additional research questions
not reflected in Table 1. In that case, the
application must fully explain how
work on the additional topic or topics
proposed by the applicant will advance
disability access in cloud and Web
infrastructure design.
(2) Conduct knowledge translation
activities (e.g., training, technical
assistance, dissemination, collaboration)
in order to facilitate use of the research
results by key stakeholders (e.g.,
individuals with disabilities, computer
scientists, other researchers and
software developers working on
accessibility technology, policy makers,
international partners).
(3) Demonstrate meaningful
involvement by key stakeholder groups
(e.g., individuals with disabilities,
computer scientists, software developers
and researchers working on accessibility
technology, policy makers, international
partners) in order to maximize the
relevance and usability of the research
conducted under this priority.
Involvement may include, but is not
limited to, participation in a
multidisciplinary research team,
advisory board, focus group, or other
participatory action research method.
Types of Priorities:
When inviting applications for a
competition using one or more
priorities, we designate the type of each
priority as absolute, competitive
preference, or invitational through a
notice in the Federal Register. The
effect of each type of priority follows:
Absolute priority: Under an absolute
priority, we consider only applications
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that meet the priority (34 CFR
75.105(c)(3)).
Competitive preference priority:
Under a competitive preference priority,
we give competitive preference to an
application by (1) awarding additional
points, depending on the extent to
which the application meets the priority
(34 CFR 75.105(c)(2)(i)); or (2) selecting
an application that meets the priority
over an application of comparable merit
that does not meet the priority (34 CFR
75.105(c)(2)(ii)).
Invitational priority: Under an
invitational priority, we are particularly
interested in applications that meet the
priority. However, we do not give an
application that meets the priority a
preference over other applications (34
CFR 75.105(c)(1)).
Final Priority:
We will announce the final priority in
a notice in the Federal Register. We will
determine the final priority after
considering responses to this notice and
other information available to the
Department. This notice does not
preclude us from proposing additional
priorities, requirements, definitions, or
selection criteria, subject to meeting
applicable rulemaking requirements.
Note: This notice does not solicit
applications. In any year in which we choose
to use this priority, we invite applications
through a notice in the Federal Register.
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Executive Orders 12866 and 13563
Regulatory Impact Analysis
Under Executive Order 12866, the
Secretary must determine whether this
regulatory action is ‘‘significant’’ and,
therefore, subject to the requirements of
the Executive order and subject to
review by the Office of Management and
Budget (OMB). Section 3(f) of Executive
Order 12866 defines a ‘‘significant
regulatory action’’ as an action likely to
result in a rule that may—
(1) Have an annual effect on the
economy of $100 million or more, or
adversely affect a sector of the economy,
productivity, competition, jobs, the
environment, public health or safety, or
State, local, or tribal governments or
communities in a material way (also
referred to as an ‘‘economically
significant’’ rule);
(2) Create serious inconsistency or
otherwise interfere with an action taken
or planned by another agency;
(3) Materially alter the budgetary
impacts of entitlement grants, user fees,
or loan programs or the rights and
obligations of recipients thereof; or
(4) Raise novel legal or policy issues
arising out of legal mandates, the
President’s priorities, or the principles
stated in the Executive order.
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This proposed regulatory action is not
a significant regulatory action subject to
review by OMB under section 3(f) of
Executive Order 12866.
We have also reviewed this proposed
regulatory action under Executive Order
13563, which supplements and
explicitly reaffirms the principles,
structures, and definitions governing
regulatory review established in
Executive Order 12866. To the extent
permitted by law, Executive Order
13563 requires that an agency—
(1) Propose or adopt regulations only
upon a reasoned determination that
their benefits justify their costs
(recognizing that some benefits and
costs are difficult to quantify);
(2) Tailor its regulations to impose the
least burden on society, consistent with
obtaining regulatory objectives and
taking into account—among other things
and to the extent practicable—the costs
of cumulative regulations;
(3) In choosing among alternative
regulatory approaches, select those
approaches that maximize net benefits
(including potential economic,
environmental, public health and safety,
and other advantages; distributive
impacts; and equity);
(4) To the extent feasible, specify
performance objectives, rather than the
behavior or manner of compliance a
regulated entity must adopt; and
(5) Identify and assess available
alternatives to direct regulation,
including economic incentives—such as
user fees or marketable permits—to
encourage the desired behavior, or
provide information that enables the
public to make choices.
Executive Order 13563 also requires
an agency ‘‘to use the best available
techniques to quantify anticipated
present and future benefits and costs as
accurately as possible.’’ The Office of
Information and Regulatory Affairs of
OMB has emphasized that these
techniques may include ‘‘identifying
changing future compliance costs that
might result from technological
innovation or anticipated behavioral
changes.’’
We are issuing this proposed priority
only upon a reasoned determination
that its benefits would justify its costs.
In choosing among alternative
regulatory approaches, we selected
those approaches that would maximize
net benefits. Based on the analysis that
follows, the Department believes that
this proposed priority is consistent with
the principles in Executive Order 13563.
We also have determined that this
regulatory action would not unduly
interfere with State, local, and tribal
governments in the exercise of their
governmental functions.
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In accordance with both Executive
orders, the Department has assessed the
potential costs and benefits, both
quantitative and qualitative, of this
regulatory action. The potential costs
are those resulting from statutory
requirements and those we have
determined as necessary for
administering the Department’s
programs and activities.
The benefits of the Disability and
Rehabilitation Research Projects and
Centers Program have been well
established over the years, as projects
similar to the one envisioned by the
proposed priority have been completed
successfully. Establishing a new DRRP
based on the proposed priority would
generate new knowledge through
research and development and improve
the lives of individuals with disabilities.
The new DRRP would generate,
disseminate, and promote the use of
new information that would improve
employment opportunities for
individuals with disabilities.
Intergovernmental Review: This
program is not subject to Executive
Order 12372 and the regulations in 34
CFR part 79.
Accessible Format: Individuals with
disabilities can obtain this document in
an accessible format (e.g., braille, large
print, audiotape, or computer disc) by
contacting the Grants and Contracts
Services Team, U.S. Department of
Education, 400 Maryland Avenue SW.,
Room 5075, PCP, Washington, DC
20202–2550. Telephone: (202) 245–
7363. If you use a TDD or a TTY, call
the FRS, toll free, at 1–800–877–8339.
Electronic Access to This Document:
The official version of this document is
the document published in the Federal
Register. Free Internet access to the
official edition of the Federal Register
and the Code of Federal Regulations is
available via the Federal Digital System
at: www.gpo.gov/fdsys. At this site you
can view this document, as well as all
other documents of this Department
published in the Federal Register, in
text or Adobe Portable Document
Format (PDF). To use PDF you must
have Adobe Acrobat Reader, which is
available free at the site.
You may also access documents of the
Department published in the Federal
Register by using the article search
feature at: www.federalregister.gov.
Specifically, through the advanced
search feature at this site, you can limit
your search to documents published by
the Department.
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Federal Register / Vol. 78, No. 10 / Tuesday, January 15, 2013 / Proposed Rules
Dated: January 9, 2013.
Michael Yudin,
Acting Assistant Secretary for Special
Education and Rehabilitative Services.
[FR Doc. 2013–00577 Filed 1–14–13; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4000–01–P
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
34 CFR Chapter III
Proposed Priority—National Institute
on Disability and Rehabilitation
Research—Disability and
Rehabilitation Research Project—
Center on Knowledge Translation for
Technology Transfer
CFDA Number: 84.133A–08.
Office of Special Education and
Rehabilitative Services, Department of
Education.
ACTION: Proposed priority.
AGENCY:
The Assistant Secretary for
Special Education and Rehabilitative
Services proposes a priority under the
Disability and Rehabilitation Research
Projects (DRRP) and Centers Program
administered by the National Institute
on Disability and Rehabilitation
Research (NIDRR). Specifically, this
notice proposes a priority for a DRRP to
serve as the Center on Knowledge
Translation for Technology Transfer
(Center). The Assistant Secretary may
use this priority for competitions in
fiscal year (FY) 2013 and later years. We
take this action to focus research
attention on areas of national need. We
intend this priority to contribute to
improved outcomes for individuals with
a disability.
DATES: We must receive your comments
on or before February 14, 2013.
ADDRESSES: Address all comments about
this notice to Marlene Spencer, U.S.
Department of Education, 400 Maryland
Avenue SW., room 5133, Potomac
Center Plaza (PCP), Washington, DC
20202–2700.
If you prefer to send your comments
by email, use the following address:
marlene.spencer@ed.gov. You must
include the phrase ‘‘Proposed Priority
for DRRP to serve as the Center’’ in the
subject line of your electronic message.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Marlene Spencer. Telephone: (202) 245–
7532 or by email:
marlene.spencer@ed.gov.
If you use a telecommunications
device for the deaf (TDD) or a text
telephone (TTY), call the Federal Relay
Service (FRS), toll free, at 1–800–877–
8339.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: This
notice of proposed priority is in concert
tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with
SUMMARY:
VerDate Mar<15>2010
16:42 Jan 14, 2013
Jkt 229001
with NIDRR’s currently approved LongRange Plan (Plan). The currently
approved Plan, which was published in
the Federal Register on February 15,
2006 (71 FR 8166), can be accessed on
the Internet at the following site:
https://www2.ed.gov/legislation/Fed
Register/other/2006-1/021506d.pdf.
Through the implementation of the
currently approved Plan, NIDRR seeks
to: (1) Improve the quality and utility of
disability and rehabilitation research;
(2) foster an exchange of expertise,
information, and training to facilitate
the advancement of knowledge and
understanding of the unique needs of
traditionally underserved populations;
(3) determine best strategies and
programs to improve rehabilitation
outcomes for underserved populations;
(4) identify research gaps; (5) identify
mechanisms of integrating research and
practice; and (6) disseminate findings.
This notice proposes a priority that
NIDRR intends to use for a DRRP
competition in FY 2013 and possibly
later years. However, nothing precludes
NIDRR from publishing additional
priorities, if needed. Furthermore,
NIDRR is under no obligation to make
an award using this priority. The
decision to make an award will be based
on the quality of applications received
and available funding.
Invitation to Comment: We invite you
to submit comments regarding this
notice. To ensure that your comments
have maximum effect in developing the
notice of final priority, we urge you to
identify clearly the specific topic that
each comment addresses.
We invite you to assist us in
complying with the specific
requirements of Executive Orders 12866
and 13563 and their overall requirement
of reducing regulatory burden that
might result from this proposed priority.
Please let us know of any further ways
we could reduce potential costs or
increase potential benefits while
preserving the effective and efficient
administration of the program.
During and after the comment period,
you may inspect all public comments
about this notice in room 5133, 550 12th
Street, SW., PCP, Washington, DC,
between the hours of 8:30 a.m. and 4:00
p.m., Washington, DC time, Monday
through Friday of each week except
Federal holidays.
Assistance to Individuals with
Disabilities in Reviewing the
Rulemaking Record: On request we will
provide an appropriate accommodation
or auxiliary aid to an individual with a
disability who needs assistance to
review the comments or other
documents in the public rulemaking
record for this notice. If you want to
PO 00000
Frm 00016
Fmt 4702
Sfmt 4702
2923
schedule an appointment for this type of
accommodation or auxiliary aid, please
contact the person listed under FOR
FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT.
Purpose of Program: The purpose of
the Disability and Rehabilitation
Research Projects and Centers Program
is to plan and conduct research,
demonstration projects, training, and
related activities, including
international activities, and to develop
methods, procedures, and rehabilitation
technology that maximize the full
inclusion and integration into society,
employment, independent living, family
support, and economic and social selfsufficiency of individuals with
disabilities, especially individuals with
the most severe disabilities, and to
improve the effectiveness of services
authorized under the Rehabilitation Act
of 1973, as amended (Rehabilitation
Act).
Disability and Rehabilitation Research
Projects
The purpose of NIDRR’s DRRPs,
which are funded through the Disability
and Rehabilitation Research Projects
and Centers Program, are to improve the
effectiveness of services authorized
under the Rehabilitation Act by
developing methods, procedures, and
rehabilitation technologies that advance
a wide range of independent living and
employment outcomes for individuals
with disabilities, especially individuals
with the most severe disabilities. DRRPs
carry out one or more of the following
types of activities, as specified and
defined in 34 CFR 350.13 through
350.19: research, training,
demonstration, development,
dissemination, utilization, and technical
assistance.
Additional information on the DRRP
program can be found at: www.ed.gov/
rschstat/research/pubs/resprogram.html#DRRP.
Program Authority: 29 U.S.C. 762(g)
and 764(a).
Applicable Program Regulations: 34
CFR part 350.
Proposed Priority:
This notice contains one proposed
priority.
DRRP to Serve as the Center on
Knowledge Translation for Technology
Transfer (Center).
Background:
Knowledge translation (KT) is a
process to ensure that new knowledge
and products gained through research
and development will ultimately be
used to improve the lives of individuals
with disabilities and further their
participation in society. Technology
transfer is a subset of knowledge
translation that focuses on ensuring that
E:\FR\FM\15JAP1.SGM
15JAP1
Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 78, Number 10 (Tuesday, January 15, 2013)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 2919-2923]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2013-00577]
=======================================================================
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DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
34 CFR Chapter III
Proposed Priority--National Institute on Disability and
Rehabilitation Research--Disability and Rehabilitation Research
Project--Inclusive Cloud and Web Computing
CFDA Number: 84.133A-01.
AGENCY: Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services,
Department of Education.
ACTION: Proposed priority.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: The Assistant Secretary for Special Education and
Rehabilitative Services proposes a priority under the Disability and
Rehabilitation Research Projects and Centers Program administered by
the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research
(NIDRR). Specifically, this notice proposes a priority for a Disability
and Rehabilitation Research Project (DRRP) on inclusive Cloud and Web
computing. The Assistant Secretary may use this priority for
competitions in fiscal year (FY) 2013 and later years. We take this
action to focus research attention on areas of national need. We intend
this priority to contribute to improved employment outcomes for
individuals with disabilities.
DATES: We must receive your comments on or before February 14, 2013.
ADDRESSES: Address all comments about this notice to Marlene Spencer,
U.S. Department of Education, 400 Maryland Avenue SW., room 5133,
Potomac Center Plaza (PCP), Washington, DC 20202-2700.
If you prefer to send your comments by email, use the following
address: marlene.spencer@ed.gov. You must include the phrase ``Proposed
Priority for Inclusive Cloud and Web Computing'' in the subject line of
your electronic message.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Marlene Spencer. Telephone: (202) 245-
7532 or by email: marlene.spencer@ed.gov.
If you use a telecommunications device for the deaf (TDD) or a text
telephone (TTY), call the Federal Relay Service (FRS), toll free, at 1-
800-877-8339.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: This proposed priority is in concert with
NIDRR's Long-Range Plan (Plan). The Plan, which was published in the
Federal Register on February 15, 2006 (71 FR 8165), can be accessed on
the Internet at the following site: www2.ed.gov/legislation/FedRegister/other/2006-1/021506d.pdf.
Through the implementation of the Plan, NIDRR seeks to: (1) Improve
the quality and utility of disability and rehabilitation research; (2)
foster an exchange of expertise, information, and training methods to
facilitate the advancement of knowledge and understanding of the unique
needs of traditionally underserved populations; (3) determine best
strategies and programs to improve rehabilitation outcomes for
underserved populations; (4) identify research gaps; (5) identify
mechanisms for integrating research and practice; and (6) disseminate
findings.
This notice proposes a priority that NIDRR intends to use for a
DRRP competition in FY 2013 and possibly later years. However, nothing
precludes NIDRR from publishing additional priorities, if needed.
Furthermore, NIDRR is under no obligation to make an award using this
priority. The decision to make an award will be based on the quality of
applications received and available funding.
Invitation to Comment: We invite you to submit comments regarding
this notice. To ensure that your comments have maximum effect in
developing the
[[Page 2920]]
notice of final priority, we urge you to identify clearly the specific
topic that each comment addresses.
We invite you to assist us in complying with the specific
requirements of Executive Orders 12866 and 13563 and their overall
requirement of reducing regulatory burden that might result from this
proposed priority. Please let us know of any further ways we could
reduce potential costs or increase potential benefits while preserving
the effective and efficient administration of the program.
During and after the comment period, you may inspect all public
comments about this notice in room 5133, 550 12th Street SW., PCP,
Washington, DC, between the hours of 8:30 a.m. and 4:00 p.m.,
Washington, DC time, Monday through Friday of each week except Federal
holidays.
Assistance to Individuals with Disabilities in Reviewing the
Rulemaking Record: On request we will provide an appropriate
accommodation or auxiliary aid to an individual with a disability who
needs assistance to review the comments or other documents in the
public rulemaking record for this notice. If you want to schedule an
appointment for this type of accommodation or auxiliary aid, please
contact the person listed under FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT.
Purpose of Program: The purpose of the Disability and
Rehabilitation Research Projects and Centers Program is to plan and
conduct research, demonstration projects, training, and related
activities, including international activities, to develop methods,
procedures, and rehabilitation technology, that maximize the full
inclusion and integration into society, employment, independent living,
family support, and economic and social self-sufficiency of individuals
with disabilities, especially individuals with the most severe
disabilities, and to improve the effectiveness of services authorized
under the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, as amended (Rehabilitation Act).
Disability and Rehabilitation Research Projects
The purpose of NIDRR's DRRPs, which are funded through the
Disability and Rehabilitation Research Projects and Centers Program,
are to improve the effectiveness of services authorized under the
Rehabilitation Act, by developing methods, procedures, and
rehabilitation technologies that advance a wide range of independent
living and employment outcomes for individuals with disabilities,
especially individuals with the most severe disabilities. DRRPs carry
out one or more of the following types of activities, as specified and
defined in 34 CFR 350.13 through 350.19: research, training,
demonstration, development, dissemination, utilization, and technical
assistance.
An applicant for assistance under this program must demonstrate in
its application how it will address, in whole or in part, the needs of
individuals with disabilities from minority backgrounds (34 CFR
350.40(a)). The approaches an applicant may take to meet this
requirement are found in 34 CFR 350.40(b). Additional information on
the DRRP program can be found at: www.ed.gov/rschstat/research/pubs/res-program.html#DRRP.
Program Authority: 29 U.S.C. 762(g) and 764(a).
Applicable Program Regulations: 34 CFR part 350.
Proposed Priority:
This notice contains one proposed priority.
DRRP on Inclusive Cloud and Web Computing.
Background:
The World Wide Web (Web) has become a fundamental tool for
employment, education, civic participation, entertainment, and purchase
of goods and services. However, participation in such activities on the
Web for people with disabilities lags behind that for the general
population. For example, Web use often requires broadband access, but
the National Broadband Plan states that only 42 percent of people with
disabilities use broadband at home, compared to 65 percent of people
nationwide (Federal Communications Commission, 2010).
One reason for this disparity is that the Web infrastructure is not
set up to address disability access issues seamlessly across all of its
functions (Global Public Inclusive Infrastructure, n.d.). Additionally,
software and devices (e.g., computer, smart phone, tablet) used to
access the Web are often inaccessible for people with disabilities, and
individuals with disabilities have limited access to technical
assistance with selecting, setting up, and using appropriate
technologies. Furthermore, people with disabilities often are required
to purchase separate accessibility software and assistive devices for
each device they use to access the Web, which adds to the economic
burden of Web use by people with disabilities (Lyle, 2010).
Cloud computing, a technology used to store, access, and process
information on the Web, has the potential to enhance Web participation
by people with disabilities by providing an infrastructure that better
supports accessibility for this population. International efforts are
underway to develop a cloud-based infrastructure for the Web that
includes options for disability access within its general structure--a
change from the current, more inaccessible structure, where individuals
with disabilities must set up their personal Web-enabled devices (e.g.,
smartphones) to meet their specific needs. The goal of this effort is
to enable individuals with disabilities to log onto any Web-enabled
device and have their user profiles and accessibility needs
automatically recognized and appropriate tools activated, which would
reduce the need for individuals to set up assistive technologies on
each Web-enabled device they use. Three international projects
addressing this need are described at Global Public Inclusive
Infrastructure (n.d.), Cloud4all (n.d.), and Fluid (n.d.).
In order to support this effort, NIDRR has identified some (but not
all) of the research questions that must be answered (see Table 1),
together with possible computer science approaches to addressing them.
Answering these and other relevant questions successfully will require
collaboration between people with disabilities and experts in both
disability and computer science fields relevant to cloud and Web
accessibility and structure.
Table 1--Research Questions of Importance in Developing Accessible Cloud
and Web Computing Infrastructure
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Possible computer science
Research questions approaches
------------------------------------------------------------------------
How to make content and interactions Natural language processing.
easier to understand for people with
mental disabilities.
How to make it easier for people with Authentication technology.
disabilities to log on to the Web.
[[Page 2921]]
How to change the presentation of Adaptive user interfaces.
information on Web pages to respond to
difficulties encountered by people
with disabilities.
How to manage user profiles and Federated information
accessibility options over time, as management.
technology evolves.
How to make software more easily Software architecture.
modifiable to meet individual needs.
How to improve the ability of software Automated user interface
tools to identify accessibility testing.
problems in documents.
How to enable people with disabilities Social computing.
to share accessibility experiences and
approaches.
How to incorporate specific Software design.
accessibility features (e.g., closed
captioning, volume control, video
description, screen reader technology,
accessible user interfaces) into an
inclusive Web infrastructure.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sources: Jurafsky and Martin (2008); Cranor (2011); Jameson (2009); Haas
et al. (2009); Fowler (2004); Li et al. (2007); Erickson (2011);
Nielsen-Bohlman et al. (2004); Meiselwitz et al. (2009); Hurst et al.
(2011); GPII (n.d.); Brajnik (2009); National Council on Disability
(2011); Twenty-First Century Communications and Video Accessibility
Act of 2011, Pub. L. 111-260.
References
Brajnik, G. (2009). Validity and reliability of Web accessibility
guidelines. In Proceedings of ASSETS '09 ACM SIGACCESS Conference on
Computers and Accessibility. New York: ACM, 131-138.
Cloud4all (n.d.). Cloud platforms lead to open and universal access
for people with disabilities and for all. Retrieved from https://cloud4all.info/.
Cranor, L. (Ed.) (2011). SOUPS 2011: Proceedings of the Seventh
Symposium On Usable Privacy and Security. New York: ACM.
Erickson, T. (2011). Social Computing. In M. Soegaard and R. Dam
(Eds.). Encyclopedia of Human-Computer Interaction. Aarhus, Denmark:
The Interaction-Design.org Foundation.
Federal Communications Commission (2010). Connecting America: The
National Broadband Plan. Washington, DC: Federal Communications
Commission.
Fluid (n.d.). Designing software that works--for everyone. Retrieved
from https://fluidproject.org/.
Fowler, M. (2004). Inversion of control containers and the
dependency injection pattern. Retrieved from https://martinfowler.com/articles/injection.html.
Global Public Inclusive Infrastructure (n.d.). About the Global
Public Inclusive Infrastructure (GPII). Retrieved from https://gpii.net/About.html.
Haas, L., Hentschel, M., Kossmann, D., and Miller, R. (2009). Schema
and data: A holistic approach to mapping, resolution and fusion in
information integration. Conceptual Modeling-ER, 27-40.
Hurst, A., Gajos, K., Findlater, L., Wobbrock, J., Sears, A., and
Trewin, S. (2011). Dynamic accessibility: Accommodating differences
in ability and situation. In Proceedings of the 2011 Annual
Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems,
CHI EA '11. New York: ACM, 41-44.
Jameson, A. (2009). Adaptive interfaces and agents. In A. Sears and
J. Jacko (Eds.). Human-Computer Interaction: Design Issues,
Solutions, and Applications. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 105-128.
Jurafsky, D., and Martin, J. (2008). Speech and Language Processing.
Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Li, P., Huynh, T., Reformat, M., and Miller, J. (2007). A practical
approach to testing GUI systems. Empirical Software Engineering,
12(4) 331-357.
Lyle, E. (2010). A giant leap & a big deal: Delivering on the
promise of equal access to broadband for people with disabilities.
OBI Working Paper Series No. 2. Washington, DC: Federal
Communications Commission.
Meiselwitz, G., Wentz, B., and Lazar, J. (2009). Universal
usability: Past, present, and future. Foundations and Trends in
Human-Computer Interaction, 3(4), 213-333.
National Council on Disability (2011). The Power of Digital
Inclusion: Technology's Impact on Employment and Opportunities for
People with Disabilities. Washington, DC: National Council on
Disability.
Nielsen-Bohlman, L., Panzer, A.M., Hamlin, B., and Kindig, D.A.
(Eds.) (2004). Health Literacy: A Prescription to End Confusion.
Washington, DC: National Academies Press.
Twenty-First Century Communications and Video Accessibility Act of
2011, Public Law 111-260.
Proposed Priority:
The Assistant Secretary for Special Education and Rehabilitative
Services proposes a priority for a Disability and Rehabilitation
Research Project (DRRP) on Inclusive Cloud and Web computing. The DRRP
must contribute to the development of an inclusive cloud and Web
infrastructure that incorporates options for disability access within
its general structure.
To contribute to this initiative, the DRRP must--
(1) Identify, design, prototype, and assess promising methods and
systems for, and technical approaches to designing, a cloud and Web
infrastructure that addresses the needs of individuals with
disabilities. The DRRP must address at least one of the research
questions outlined in Table 1 above. Applicants may also choose to
address additional research questions not reflected in Table 1. In that
case, the application must fully explain how work on the additional
topic or topics proposed by the applicant will advance disability
access in cloud and Web infrastructure design.
(2) Conduct knowledge translation activities (e.g., training,
technical assistance, dissemination, collaboration) in order to
facilitate use of the research results by key stakeholders (e.g.,
individuals with disabilities, computer scientists, other researchers
and software developers working on accessibility technology, policy
makers, international partners).
(3) Demonstrate meaningful involvement by key stakeholder groups
(e.g., individuals with disabilities, computer scientists, software
developers and researchers working on accessibility technology, policy
makers, international partners) in order to maximize the relevance and
usability of the research conducted under this priority. Involvement
may include, but is not limited to, participation in a
multidisciplinary research team, advisory board, focus group, or other
participatory action research method.
Types of Priorities:
When inviting applications for a competition using one or more
priorities, we designate the type of each priority as absolute,
competitive preference, or invitational through a notice in the Federal
Register. The effect of each type of priority follows:
Absolute priority: Under an absolute priority, we consider only
applications
[[Page 2922]]
that meet the priority (34 CFR 75.105(c)(3)).
Competitive preference priority: Under a competitive preference
priority, we give competitive preference to an application by (1)
awarding additional points, depending on the extent to which the
application meets the priority (34 CFR 75.105(c)(2)(i)); or (2)
selecting an application that meets the priority over an application of
comparable merit that does not meet the priority (34 CFR
75.105(c)(2)(ii)).
Invitational priority: Under an invitational priority, we are
particularly interested in applications that meet the priority.
However, we do not give an application that meets the priority a
preference over other applications (34 CFR 75.105(c)(1)).
Final Priority:
We will announce the final priority in a notice in the Federal
Register. We will determine the final priority after considering
responses to this notice and other information available to the
Department. This notice does not preclude us from proposing additional
priorities, requirements, definitions, or selection criteria, subject
to meeting applicable rulemaking requirements.
Note: This notice does not solicit applications. In any year in
which we choose to use this priority, we invite applications through
a notice in the Federal Register.
Executive Orders 12866 and 13563
Regulatory Impact Analysis
Under Executive Order 12866, the Secretary must determine whether
this regulatory action is ``significant'' and, therefore, subject to
the requirements of the Executive order and subject to review by the
Office of Management and Budget (OMB). Section 3(f) of Executive Order
12866 defines a ``significant regulatory action'' as an action likely
to result in a rule that may--
(1) Have an annual effect on the economy of $100 million or more,
or adversely affect a sector of the economy, productivity, competition,
jobs, the environment, public health or safety, or State, local, or
tribal governments or communities in a material way (also referred to
as an ``economically significant'' rule);
(2) Create serious inconsistency or otherwise interfere with an
action taken or planned by another agency;
(3) Materially alter the budgetary impacts of entitlement grants,
user fees, or loan programs or the rights and obligations of recipients
thereof; or
(4) Raise novel legal or policy issues arising out of legal
mandates, the President's priorities, or the principles stated in the
Executive order.
This proposed regulatory action is not a significant regulatory
action subject to review by OMB under section 3(f) of Executive Order
12866.
We have also reviewed this proposed regulatory action under
Executive Order 13563, which supplements and explicitly reaffirms the
principles, structures, and definitions governing regulatory review
established in Executive Order 12866. To the extent permitted by law,
Executive Order 13563 requires that an agency--
(1) Propose or adopt regulations only upon a reasoned determination
that their benefits justify their costs (recognizing that some benefits
and costs are difficult to quantify);
(2) Tailor its regulations to impose the least burden on society,
consistent with obtaining regulatory objectives and taking into
account--among other things and to the extent practicable--the costs of
cumulative regulations;
(3) In choosing among alternative regulatory approaches, select
those approaches that maximize net benefits (including potential
economic, environmental, public health and safety, and other
advantages; distributive impacts; and equity);
(4) To the extent feasible, specify performance objectives, rather
than the behavior or manner of compliance a regulated entity must
adopt; and
(5) Identify and assess available alternatives to direct
regulation, including economic incentives--such as user fees or
marketable permits--to encourage the desired behavior, or provide
information that enables the public to make choices.
Executive Order 13563 also requires an agency ``to use the best
available techniques to quantify anticipated present and future
benefits and costs as accurately as possible.'' The Office of
Information and Regulatory Affairs of OMB has emphasized that these
techniques may include ``identifying changing future compliance costs
that might result from technological innovation or anticipated
behavioral changes.''
We are issuing this proposed priority only upon a reasoned
determination that its benefits would justify its costs. In choosing
among alternative regulatory approaches, we selected those approaches
that would maximize net benefits. Based on the analysis that follows,
the Department believes that this proposed priority is consistent with
the principles in Executive Order 13563.
We also have determined that this regulatory action would not
unduly interfere with State, local, and tribal governments in the
exercise of their governmental functions.
In accordance with both Executive orders, the Department has
assessed the potential costs and benefits, both quantitative and
qualitative, of this regulatory action. The potential costs are those
resulting from statutory requirements and those we have determined as
necessary for administering the Department's programs and activities.
The benefits of the Disability and Rehabilitation Research Projects
and Centers Program have been well established over the years, as
projects similar to the one envisioned by the proposed priority have
been completed successfully. Establishing a new DRRP based on the
proposed priority would generate new knowledge through research and
development and improve the lives of individuals with disabilities. The
new DRRP would generate, disseminate, and promote the use of new
information that would improve employment opportunities for individuals
with disabilities.
Intergovernmental Review: This program is not subject to Executive
Order 12372 and the regulations in 34 CFR part 79.
Accessible Format: Individuals with disabilities can obtain this
document in an accessible format (e.g., braille, large print,
audiotape, or computer disc) by contacting the Grants and Contracts
Services Team, U.S. Department of Education, 400 Maryland Avenue SW.,
Room 5075, PCP, Washington, DC 20202-2550. Telephone: (202) 245-7363.
If you use a TDD or a TTY, call the FRS, toll free, at 1-800-877-8339.
Electronic Access to This Document: The official version of this
document is the document published in the Federal Register. Free
Internet access to the official edition of the Federal Register and the
Code of Federal Regulations is available via the Federal Digital System
at: www.gpo.gov/fdsys. At this site you can view this document, as well
as all other documents of this Department published in the Federal
Register, in text or Adobe Portable Document Format (PDF). To use PDF
you must have Adobe Acrobat Reader, which is available free at the
site.
You may also access documents of the Department published in the
Federal Register by using the article search feature at:
www.federalregister.gov. Specifically, through the advanced search
feature at this site, you can limit your search to documents published
by the Department.
[[Page 2923]]
Dated: January 9, 2013.
Michael Yudin,
Acting Assistant Secretary for Special Education and Rehabilitative
Services.
[FR Doc. 2013-00577 Filed 1-14-13; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4000-01-P