Draft Environmental Assessment for Rulemaking To Establish Minimum Sound Requirements for Hybrid and Electric Vehicles, 2868-2869 [2013-00361]
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Federal Register / Vol. 78, No. 9 / Monday, January 14, 2013 / Proposed Rules
can be used as a way to determine the
annoyance qualities of a sound. The values
from a one-third-octave analysis can also be
easily presented in tabular form (Table 1),
while those from a full-spectrum cannot.
TABLE 8—EXAMPLE OF ONE-THIRD-OCTAVE DATA IN TABULAR FORM: SUMMARY OF AMBIENT LEVELS DURING ICE
MEASUREMENTS, A-WEIGHTED LEVEL, DB(A)
Linear average
(1⁄3 octave
band)
⁄ octave band center frequency, Hz
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Summary
The acoustic science described above was
intended to provide novices enough
knowledge to understand the data and
discussions put forth in the NPRM. Sound is
a form of energy that is created when a
medium vibrates, creating pressure variations
(compressions and rarefactions of molecules)
within a medium (such as air) which creates
a pattern called a wave. Sound pressure over
time creates peaks and valleys which make
up the wavelength. The difference in acoustic
pressure from the ambient pressure (no
contraction of the medium) to the peak or
valley of a wavelength is called the
amplitude; the higher the amplitude, the
louder the sound. The period of a wave is the
time it takes for a cycle (a peak and a valley)
to complete; a longer period indicates a lower
pitch. The frequency of a sound is the
number of complete wave cycles that pass by
a given point in space every second; the
higher the frequency, the higher the pitch.
The wavelength, amplitude, period and
frequency are physical attributes of a sound
wave that affect the human perception of
loudness, pitch and timbre. These
perceptions can be quantified using
psychoacoustics. Psychoacoustics is the
study of how humans perceive sound and
forms the basis for extracting objective data
from the physical characteristics of acoustic
pressure (sound). Using the physical
characteristics and psychoacoustic analysis, a
sound is usually measured in decibels (dBs)
within an octave. Octaves can be further
broken down into one-third octave bands
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which provide more information about the
spectral content of sound being analyzed.
After reading this primer, the reader should
understand what ‘‘sound’’ is, identify its
different components, and understand how
humans perceive sound and how each of
these contributes to measuring sound.
References
[1] Christopher L. Morfey, Dictionary of
Acoustics, Academic Press, 2001.
[2] ANSI S1.1–1994, Acoustical Terminology,
American National Standards Institute,
1994.
[3] CEI IEC 50(801), International
Electrotechnical Vocabulary—Chapter
801: Acoustics and Electroacoustics,
International Electrotechnical
Commission, 2nd Edition, 1994.
[4] ANSI S3.20–1973, Psychoacoustical
Terminology, American National
Standards Institute, 1973.
[5] Brian C. J. Moore, An Introduction to the
Psychology of Hearing, Academic Press,
4th Edition, 1997.
[6] Lawrence E. Kinsler, Austin R. Frey, Alan
B. Coppens, and James V. Sanders,
Fundamentals of Acoustics, John Wiley
and Sons, 3rd Edition, 1982.
[7] E. Zwicker and H. Fastl, Psychoacoustics:
Facts and Models, Springer, 2nd Edition,
1999.
[8] Leo L. Beranek, Acoustical Measurements,
American Institute of Physics, 1988.
[9] Garay-Vega, Lisandra; Hastings, Aaron;
Pollard, John K.; Zuschlag, Michael; and
Stearns, Mary D., Quieter Cars and the
Safety of Blind Pedestrians: Phase 2,
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John A. Volpe National Transportation
Systems Center, DOT HS 811 496
October 2011, available at https://
www.nhtsa.gov/DOT/NHTSA/NVS/
Crash%20Avoidance/
Technical%20Publications/2011/
811496.pdf.
Issued in Washington, DC on January 7,
2013, under authority delegated in 49 CFR
1.95.
Christopher J. Bonanti,
Associate Administrator for Rulemaking.
[FR Doc. 2013–00359 Filed 1–9–13; 4:15 pm]
BILLING CODE 4910–59–P
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
National Highway Traffic Safety
Administration
49 CFR Parts 571 and 585
[Docket No. NHTSA–2011–0100]
Draft Environmental Assessment for
Rulemaking To Establish Minimum
Sound Requirements for Hybrid and
Electric Vehicles
National Highway Traffic
Safety Administration (NHTSA),
Department of Transportation (DOT).
ACTION: Notice of availability.
AGENCY:
E:\FR\FM\14JAP3.SGM
14JAP3
Federal Register / Vol. 78, No. 9 / Monday, January 14, 2013 / Proposed Rules
NHTSA is announcing the
availability of a Draft Environmental
Assessment (EA) to evaluate the
potential environmental impacts of a
proposed rule establishing a Federal
Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS)
setting minimum sound requirements
for hybrid and electric vehicles.
DATES: Comments must be received on
or before March 15, 2013.
ADDRESSES: You may submit comments
on the EA to the docket number
identified in the heading of this
document using any of the following
methods:
• Federal eRulemaking Portal: go to
https://www.regulations.gov. Follow the
online instructions for submitting
comments.
• Mail: Docket Management Facility,
M–30, U.S. Department of
Transportation, West Building, Ground
Floor, Rm. W12–140, 1200 New Jersey
Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20590.
• Hand Delivery or Courier: West
Building Ground Floor, Room W12–140,
1200 New Jersey Avenue SE., between
9 a.m. and 5 p.m. Eastern Time, Monday
through Friday, except Federal holidays.
• Fax: (202) 493–2251.
Regardless of how you submit your
comments, you should mention the
docket number of this document.
You may call the Docket at 202–366–
9324.
Instructions: For detailed instructions
on submitting comments and additional
tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with
SUMMARY:
VerDate Mar<15>2010
19:11 Jan 11, 2013
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information on the rulemaking process,
see the Public Participation heading of
the Supplementary Information section
of this document. Note that all
comments received will be posted
without change to https://
www.regulations.gov, including any
personal information provided.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: For
non-legal issues, Ms. Gayle Dalrymple,
Office of Crash Avoidance Standards,
National Highway Traffic Safety
Administration, NVS–112, 1200 New
Jersey Avenue SE., Washington, DC
20590. Telephone: 202–366–5559; fax:
202–493–2990.
For legal issues, Mr. Russell Krupen,
Office of the Chief Counsel, National
Highway Traffic Safety Administration,
NCC–113, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE.,
Washington, DC 20590. Telephone:
202–366–1834; fax: 202–366–3820.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Pursuant
to the National Environmental Policy
Act, NHTSA has prepared a Draft EA
analyzing the potential environmental
impacts of the agency’s proposed action
to establish minimum sound
requirements for hybrid and electric
vehicles. The Draft EA is being issued
together with the agency’s Notice of
Proposed Rulemaking for FMVSS
No.141, Minimum Sound Requirements
for Hybrid and Electric Vehicles. The
proposal would require hybrid and
electric passenger cars, light trucks,
medium and heavy duty trucks and
PO 00000
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2869
buses, low speed vehicles, and
motorcycles to meet certain minimum
sound requirements and would apply to
electric vehicles and to those hybrid
vehicles that are capable of propulsion
in any forward or reverse gear without
operation of the vehicle’s internal
combustion engine.
On July 12, 2011, the agency
published a Notice of Intent to Prepare
an Environmental Assessment, which
sought comment on the scope of the
environmental analysis, the significant
issues to be analyzed, and the nature of
the analysis to be conducted. NHTSA
received comments to the Notice of
Intent from 35 individuals and
organizations. NHTSA developed the
alternatives analyzed in the Draft EA
based on the comments received and
further research and analysis conducted
by the agency.
NHTSA invites interested parties to
comment on the Draft EA by following
the instructions under ADDRESSES
above. The Draft EA is available on the
agency’s Web site at https://
www.nhtsa.gov or on the public docket
at https://www.regulations.gov (Docket
No. NHTSA–2011–0100).
Issued on: January 7, 2013.
Christopher J. Bonanti,
Associate Administrator for Rulemaking.
[FR Doc. 2013–00361 Filed 1–9–13; 4:15 pm]
BILLING CODE 4910–59–P
E:\FR\FM\14JAP3.SGM
14JAP3
Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 78, Number 9 (Monday, January 14, 2013)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 2868-2869]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2013-00361]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
49 CFR Parts 571 and 585
[Docket No. NHTSA-2011-0100]
Draft Environmental Assessment for Rulemaking To Establish
Minimum Sound Requirements for Hybrid and Electric Vehicles
AGENCY: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA),
Department of Transportation (DOT).
ACTION: Notice of availability.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
[[Page 2869]]
SUMMARY: NHTSA is announcing the availability of a Draft Environmental
Assessment (EA) to evaluate the potential environmental impacts of a
proposed rule establishing a Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard
(FMVSS) setting minimum sound requirements for hybrid and electric
vehicles.
DATES: Comments must be received on or before March 15, 2013.
ADDRESSES: You may submit comments on the EA to the docket number
identified in the heading of this document using any of the following
methods:
Federal eRulemaking Portal: go to https://www.regulations.gov. Follow the online instructions for submitting
comments.
Mail: Docket Management Facility, M-30, U.S. Department of
Transportation, West Building, Ground Floor, Rm. W12-140, 1200 New
Jersey Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20590.
Hand Delivery or Courier: West Building Ground Floor, Room
W12-140, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE., between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m. Eastern
Time, Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays.
Fax: (202) 493-2251.
Regardless of how you submit your comments, you should mention the
docket number of this document.
You may call the Docket at 202-366-9324.
Instructions: For detailed instructions on submitting comments and
additional information on the rulemaking process, see the Public
Participation heading of the Supplementary Information section of this
document. Note that all comments received will be posted without change
to https://www.regulations.gov, including any personal information
provided.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: For non-legal issues, Ms. Gayle
Dalrymple, Office of Crash Avoidance Standards, National Highway
Traffic Safety Administration, NVS-112, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE.,
Washington, DC 20590. Telephone: 202-366-5559; fax: 202-493-2990.
For legal issues, Mr. Russell Krupen, Office of the Chief Counsel,
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, NCC-113, 1200 New
Jersey Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20590. Telephone: 202-366-1834; fax:
202-366-3820.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Pursuant to the National Environmental
Policy Act, NHTSA has prepared a Draft EA analyzing the potential
environmental impacts of the agency's proposed action to establish
minimum sound requirements for hybrid and electric vehicles. The Draft
EA is being issued together with the agency's Notice of Proposed
Rulemaking for FMVSS No.141, Minimum Sound Requirements for Hybrid and
Electric Vehicles. The proposal would require hybrid and electric
passenger cars, light trucks, medium and heavy duty trucks and buses,
low speed vehicles, and motorcycles to meet certain minimum sound
requirements and would apply to electric vehicles and to those hybrid
vehicles that are capable of propulsion in any forward or reverse gear
without operation of the vehicle's internal combustion engine.
On July 12, 2011, the agency published a Notice of Intent to
Prepare an Environmental Assessment, which sought comment on the scope
of the environmental analysis, the significant issues to be analyzed,
and the nature of the analysis to be conducted. NHTSA received comments
to the Notice of Intent from 35 individuals and organizations. NHTSA
developed the alternatives analyzed in the Draft EA based on the
comments received and further research and analysis conducted by the
agency.
NHTSA invites interested parties to comment on the Draft EA by
following the instructions under ADDRESSES above. The Draft EA is
available on the agency's Web site at https://www.nhtsa.gov or on the
public docket at https://www.regulations.gov (Docket No. NHTSA-2011-
0100).
Issued on: January 7, 2013.
Christopher J. Bonanti,
Associate Administrator for Rulemaking.
[FR Doc. 2013-00361 Filed 1-9-13; 4:15 pm]
BILLING CODE 4910-59-P