Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Order Instituting Proceedings To Determine Whether To Approve or Disapprove Proposed Rule Change To Amend Rule 4626-Limitation of Liability, 66197-66202 [2012-26857]
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emcdonald on DSK67QTVN1PROD with NOTICES
Federal Register / Vol. 77, No. 213 / Friday, November 2, 2012 / Notices
OCC Rule 308-Audits, allows Canadian
clearing members to elect to file their
Joint Regulatory Financial
Questionnaire and Reports (‘‘JRFQR’’)
with OCC, instead of filing SEC Form
X–17A–5, to discharge their financial
reporting requirements to OCC. In
addition, other provisions of OCC’s
rules (Rules 301, 302, 303, 304, 306 and
308) reference information Canadian
clearing members report on their JRFQR.
IIROC, the primary regulator of Canada’s
securities industry, replaced the JRFQR
with ‘‘Form 1’’ of the International
Financial Reporting Standards. OCC
proposes to replace references to the
JRFQR within its By-Laws and Rules
with references to ‘‘Form 1.’’ 4 OCC also
proposes to add an Interpretation and
Policy to Rule 304 in response to a
change in how IIROC requires regulated
entities to report capital withdrawals.
OCC, as part of its financial
surveillance program, requires Canadian
clearing members to submit their
JRFQR, a financial report similar to SEC
Form X–17A–5, to OCC at the end of
each month. OCC also monitors the
financial health of such clearing
members using the capital levels
reported on their JRFQRs. In 2011,
IIROC replaced the JRFQR with Form 1.
Among other things, Form 1 aligns the
reporting of certain financial liabilities
to U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting
Principles (‘‘GAAP’’). Canadian clearing
members that use Form 1 report the
same, and in some cases more
conservative, amounts of regulatory
capital to OCC as they had using the
JRFQR. Moreover, OCC believes that the
change does not impair OCC’s ability to
conduct diligent financial surveillance
of Canadian clearing members.
Accordingly, OCC proposes to replace
references to the ‘‘JRFQR’’ within its ByLaws and Rules with references to
‘‘Form 1.’’
The IIROC also altered how its
regulated entities report capital
withdrawals. IIROC previously required
capital withdrawals to be reported on
monthly financial reports; however,
IIROC amended its standards and now
requires firms to obtain approval for
withdrawals of capital following notice
thereof. OCC had, when applicable,
adjusted Canadian clearing member’s
reported capital levels in light of
withdrawals reflected in financial
reports in order to determine if the
firm’s capital falls within OCC’s
standards. With the change
implemented by IIROC, that information
is no longer be available to OCC via
4 OCC does not propose to amend Rule 310 since
it does not specifically use the term, ‘‘Joint
Regulatory Financial Questionnaire and Reports.’’
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monthly financial reports submitted by
Canadian clearing members. To ensure
it is aware of such capital withdrawals,
OCC proposes to add an Interpretation
and Policy to Rule 304, which would
require Canadian clearing members to
submit capital withdrawal notifications
to OCC when such requests are
submitted to IIROC.
III. Discussion
Section 17A(b)(3) (F) of the Act 5
requires that, among other things, a
clearing agency be organized and its
rules designed to safeguard securities
and funds in its custody or control or for
which it is responsible. The proposed
rule change will allow OCC to
efficiently monitor the financial health
of its clearing members and is intended
to facilitate Canadian clearing members’
compliance with OCC’s By-Laws and
Rules by aligning OCC’s financial
reporting requirements, as they pertain
to Canadian clearing members, with
those of the IIROC. It is also intended to
ensure OCC has appropriate information
about Canadian clearing members’
capital withdrawals, which will no
longer be reported to OCC on a monthly
basis. As such, it will help OCC to
safeguard the securities and funds in its
custody or control or for which it is
responsible.
IV. Conclusion
On the basis of the foregoing, the
Commission finds that the proposal is
consistent with the requirements of the
Act and in particular with the
requirements of Section 17A of the Act 6
and the rules and regulations
thereunder.
It is therefore ordered, pursuant to
Section 19(b)(2) of the Act,7 that the
proposed rule change (File No. SR–
OCC–2012–15) be, and hereby is,
approved.8
For the Commission by the Division of
Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated
authority.9
Kevin M. O’Neill,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2012–26856 Filed 11–1–12; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
5 15
U.S.C. 78q–1(b)(3)(F)
U.S.C. 78q–1.
7 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(2).
8 In approving this proposed rule change the
Commission has considered the proposed rule’s
impact of efficiency, competition, and capital
formation. See 15 U.S.C. 78c(f).
9 17 CFR 200.30–3(a)(12).
6 15
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66197
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
[Release No. 34–68115; File No. SR–
NASDAQ–2012–090]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; The
NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Order
Instituting Proceedings To Determine
Whether To Approve or Disapprove
Proposed Rule Change To Amend Rule
4626—Limitation of Liability
October 26, 2012.
I. Introduction
On July 23, 2012, The NASDAQ Stock
Market LLC (‘‘Nasdaq’’ or ‘‘Exchange’’)
filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission (‘‘Commission’’), pursuant
to Section 19(b)(1) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 (‘‘Act’’) 1 and Rule
19b–4 thereunder,2 a proposed rule
change to amend Exchange Rule 4626—
Limitation of Liability (‘‘accommodation
proposal’’). The proposed rule change
was published for comment in the
Federal Register on August 1, 2012.3
The Commission received 11 comment
letters on this proposal 4 and a response
letter from Nasdaq.5 On September 12,
2012, the Commission extended the
time period in which to either approve
the accommodation proposal,
disapprove the accommodation
1 15
U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
CFR 240.19b–4.
3 See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 67507
(July 26, 2012), 77 FR 45706 (‘‘Notice’’).
4 See letters to Elizabeth M. Murphy, Secretary,
Commission, from Sis DeMarco, Chief Compliance
Officer, Triad Securities Corp., dated August 20,
2012 (‘‘Triad Letter’’); Eugene P. Torpey, Chief
Compliance Officer, Vandham Securities Corp.,
dated August 21, 2012 (‘‘Vandham Letter’’); John C.
Nagel, Managing Director and General Counsel,
Citadel LLC, dated August 21, 2012 (‘‘Citadel
Letter’’); Benjamin Bram, Watermill Institutional
Trading LLC, dated August 22, 2012 (‘‘Bram
Letter’’); Daniel Keegan, Managing Director,
Citigroup Global Markets Inc., dated August 22,
2012 (‘‘Citi Letter’’); Theodore R. Lazo, Managing
Director and Associate General Counsel, Securities
Industry and Financial Markets Association, dated
August 22, 2012 (‘‘SIFMA Letter’’); Mark Shelton,
Group Managing Director and General Counsel,
UBS Securities LLC, dated August 22, 2012 (‘‘UBS
Letter’’); Andrew J. Entwistle and Vincent R.
Cappucci, Entwistle & Cappucci LLP, dated August
22, 2012 (‘‘Entwistle Letter’’); Douglas G.
Thompson, Michael G. McLellan, and Robert O.
Wilson, Finkelstein Thompson LLP, Christopher
Lovell, Victor E. Stewart, and Fred T. Isquith,
Lovell Stewart Halebian Jacobson LLP, Jacob H.
Zamansky and Edward H. Glenn, Zamansky &
Associates LLC, dated August 22, 2012 (‘‘Thompson
Letter’’); James J. Angel, Associate Professor of
Finance, Georgetown University, McDonough
School of Business, dated August 23, 2012 (‘‘Angel
Letter’’); and Leonard J. Amoruso, General Counsel,
Knight Capital Group, Inc., dated August 29, 2012
(‘‘Knight Letter’’).
5 See letter to Elizabeth M. Murphy, Secretary,
Commission, from Joan C. Conley, Senior Vice
President and Corporate Secretary, The NASDAQ
Stock Market LLC, dated September 17, 2012
(‘‘Nasdaq Letter’’).
2 17
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proposal, or to institute proceedings to
determine whether to approve or
disapprove the accommodation
proposal, to October 30, 2012.6 This
order institutes proceedings under
Section 19(b)(2)(B) of the Act 7 to
determine whether to approve or
disapprove the accommodation
proposal.
II. Description of Proposal 8
emcdonald on DSK67QTVN1PROD with NOTICES
Pursuant to existing Nasdaq Rule
4626(a), Nasdaq and its affiliates are not
liable for any losses, damages, or other
claims arising out of the Nasdaq Market
Center or its use.9 However, existing
Nasdaq Rule 4626(b) allows Nasdaq to
compensate users of the Nasdaq Market
Center for losses directly resulting from
the systems’ actual failure to correctly
process an order, Quote/Order, message,
or other data, provided the Nasdaq
Market Center has acknowledged receipt
of the order, Quote/Order, message, or
data. Nasdaq’s payment for all claims
made by all market participants related
to the use of the Nasdaq Market Center
during a single calendar month shall not
exceed the larger of $500,000 or the
amount of the recovery obtained by
Nasdaq under any applicable insurance
policy.10
As set forth in more detail in the
Notice, Nasdaq proposes to add
6 See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 67842
(September 12, 2012), 77 FR 57171 (September 17,
2012).
7 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(2)(B).
8 In issuing this order, the Commission neither
makes any findings nor expresses any opinion with
regard to Nasdaq’s representations and
interpretations contained in its accommodation
proposal.
9 According to Nasdaq Rule 4626(a), any losses,
damages, or other claims, related to a failure of the
Nasdaq Market Center to deliver, display, transmit,
execute, compare, submit for clearance and
settlement, adjust, retain priority for, or otherwise
correctly process an order, Quote/Order, message,
or other data entered into, or created by, the Nasdaq
Market Center is absorbed by the member, or the
member sponsoring the customer, that entered the
order, Quote/Order, message, or other data into the
Nasdaq Market Center.
10 See Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(1). With respect to the
aggregate of all claims made by all market
participants during a single calendar month related
to a systems malfunction or error of the Nasdaq
Market Center concerning locked/crossed market,
trade through protection, market maker quoting,
order protection, or firm quote compliance
functions of the market participant, to the extent
such functions are electronically enforced by the
Nasdaq trading system and where Nasdaq
determines in its sole discretion that such systems
malfunction or error was caused exclusively by
Nasdaq and no outside factors contributed to the
systems malfunction or error, Nasdaq’s payment
during a single calendar month will not exceed the
larger of $3,000,000 or the amount of the recovery
obtained by Nasdaq under any applicable insurance
policy. See Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(2). The Facebook
initial public offering does not implicate the types
of systems errors or malfunctions described in
Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(2).
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subsection (3) to Nasdaq Rule 4626(b) to
establish a voluntary accommodation
program for certain claims arising from
the initial public offering (‘‘IPO’’) of
Facebook, Inc. (‘‘Facebook’’) on May 18,
2012 (collectively ‘‘Facebook IPO’’).11
Specifically, Nasdaq proposes to
compensate market participants for
certain claims related to system
difficulties in the Nasdaq Halt and
Imbalance Cross process (‘‘Cross’’) 12 in
connection with the Facebook IPO in an
amount not to exceed $62 million.13
Further, as proposed, claims for
compensation must arise solely from
realized or unrealized direct trading
losses from four specific categories of
Cross orders: (i) Sell Cross orders that
were submitted between 11:11 a.m. ET
and 11:30 a.m. ET on May 18, 2012, that
were priced at $42.00 or less, and that
did not execute; (ii) sell Cross orders
that were submitted between 11:11 a.m.
ET and 11:30 a.m. ET on May 18, 2012,
that were priced at $42.00 or less, and
that executed at a price below $42.00;
(iii) buy Cross orders priced at exactly
$42.00 and that were executed in the
Cross, but not immediately confirmed;
and (iv) buy Cross orders priced above
$42.00 and that were executed in the
Cross, but not immediately confirmed,
but only to the extent entered with
respect to a customer 14 that was
permitted by the member to cancel its
order prior to 1:50 p.m. and for which
a request to cancel the order was
submitted to Nasdaq by the member,
also prior to 1:50 p.m.15
According to proposed Nasdaq Rule
4626(b)(3)(B), the measure of loss for the
Cross orders described in (i), (iii), and
(iv) above would be the lesser of: (a) The
differential between the expected
execution price of the orders in the
Cross process that established an
opening print of $42.00 and the actual
execution price received; or (b) the
differential between the expected
execution price of the orders in the
11 In addition to adding proposed subsection
(b)(3) to Nasdaq Rule 4626, Nasdaq proposes to
make certain technical amendments to existing
subsections of that rule. See, e.g., proposed Nasdaq
Rule 4626(b)(4) and (b)(6).
12 See Nasdaq Rule 4753.
13 See proposed Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3); Notice,
supra note 3, at 47507.
14 As proposed, unless Nasdaq Rule 4626 states
otherwise, the term ‘‘customer’’ includes any
unaffiliated entity upon whose behalf an order is
entered, including any unaffiliated broker or dealer.
See proposed Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3)(A).
15 See proposed Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3)(A);
Notice, supra note 3, at 45710–11. In addition,
proposed Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3)(C) states that
alleged losses arising in any form or that in any way
resulted from any other causes would not be
considered losses eligible for the proposed
accommodations. Proposed Nasdaq Rule
4626(b)(3)(C) sets forth a non-exhaustive list of
examples of such losses.
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Cross process that established an
opening print of $42.00 and a
benchmark price of $40.527.16 With
respect to Cross orders described in (iv)
above, the amount of loss would be
reduced by 30 percent.17 Further,
according to proposed Rule
4626(b)(3)(B), the measure of loss for the
Cross orders described in (ii) above
would be the differential between the
expected execution price of the orders
in the Cross process that established an
opening print of $42.00 and the actual
execution price received.18
With respect to the process for
submitting claims pursuant to proposed
Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3), all claims must
be submitted in writing no later than
seven days after this accommodation
proposal is approved by the
Commission.19 As proposed, the
Financial Industry Regulatory
Authority, Inc. (‘‘FINRA’’) would
process and evaluate all the claims
submitted, using the standards set forth
in Nasdaq Rule 4626.20 FINRA would
then provide to the Nasdaq Board of
Directors and the Board of Directors of
The NASDAQ OMX Group, Inc. an
analysis of the total value of eligible
claims submitted under proposed
Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3), and Nasdaq
would thereafter file with the
Commission a proposed rule change
setting forth the amount of eligible
claims and the amount it proposes to
16 $40.527 constitutes the volume-weighted
average price (‘‘VWAP’’) of Facebook stock on May
18, 2012, between 1:50 p.m. ET and 2:35 p.m. ET.
See proposed Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3)(B). See also
Notice, supra note 3, at 45710–11 (describing
Nasdaq’s rationale for establishing the $40.527
benchmark).
17 See proposed Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3)(B); see
also Notice, supra note 3, at 45710 (describing
Nasdaq’s rationale for lowering the amount of
eligible losses for the fourth category of Cross
orders).
18 Each member’s direct trading losses calculated
in accordance with proposed Nasdaq Rule
4626(b)(3)(A) and (B) are referred to as the
‘‘member’s share.’’ See proposed Nasdaq Rule
4626(b)(3)(B).
19 See proposed Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3)(D).
According to Nasdaq, notice of approval would be
publicly posted on the Nasdaq Trader Web site at
www.nasdaqtrader.com and provided directly to all
member firms via an Equity Trader Alert. See
Notice, supra note 3, at 45712.
20 See proposed Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3)(D).
FINRA may request such supplemental information
as it deems necessary to assist its evaluation of
claims. See id. According to Nasdaq, FINRA’s role
would be limited to measuring data against the
benchmarks established under Nasdaq Rule
4626(b)(3) to ascertain the eligibility and value of
each member’s claims. See Notice, supra note 3, at
45712. Further, Nasdaq represents that FINRA staff
assessing the claims would not be involved in
providing regulatory services to any Nasdaq market,
and they would not have purchased Facebook stock
during Nasdaq’s IPO opening process or currently
own Facebook stock. See id.
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pay to its members.21 All payments
would be made in cash and would not
be made until the proposed rule change
setting forth the amount of eligible
claims becomes final and effective.22
Furthermore, as proposed, in order to
receive payment under proposed
Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3), not later than
seven days after the effective date of the
proposed rule change setting forth the
amount of eligible claims, the member
must submit to Nasdaq an attestation
detailing the amount of customer
compensation 23 and covered
proprietary losses.24 Failure to provide
the required attestation within the
specified time period would void the
member’s eligibility to receive
compensation under proposed Nasdaq
Rule 4626(b)(3).25 In addition, under
proposed Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3)(H), all
payments to members under the
accommodation proposal would be
contingent upon the execution and
delivery to Nasdaq of a release by the
member of all claims by it or its
affiliates against Nasdaq or its affiliates
for losses that arise out of, are associated
with, or relate in any way to the
Facebook IPO Cross or any actions or
omissions related in any way to that
Cross.26 The failure to provide this
release within 14 days after the effective
date of the proposed rule change setting
forth the amount of eligible claims
would void the member’s eligibility to
receive compensation pursuant to
proposed Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3).27
With respect to the priority of
payment under proposed Nasdaq Rule
21 See proposed Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3)(E).
According to Nasdaq, the report that FINRA
prepares for Nasdaq on its analysis of the eligibility
of claims also would be provided to the public
members of FINRA’s Audit Committee. See Notice,
supra note 3, at 45712.
22 See proposed Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3)(E).
23 According to proposed Nasdaq Rule
4626(b)(3)(F)(i), ‘‘customer compensation’’ means
the amount of compensation, accommodation, or
other economic benefit provided or to be provided
by the member to its customers (other than
customers that were brokers or dealers trading for
their own account) in respect of trading in Facebook
on May 18, 2012.
24 According to proposed Nasdaq Rule
4626(b)(3)(F)(ii), ‘‘covered proprietary losses’’
means the extent to which the losses reflected in
the member’s share were incurred by the member
trading for its own account or for the account of a
customer that was a broker or dealer trading for its
own account.
25 See proposed Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3)(F). In
addition, each member must maintain books and
records that detail the nature and amount of
customer compensation and covered proprietary
losses. See id. According to Nasdaq, it, through
FINRA, would expect to examine the accuracy of
a member’s attestation at a later date. See Notice,
supra note 3, at 45712.
26 See proposed Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3)(H);
Notice, supra note 3, at 45713 (explaining the
purpose of the release requirement).
27 See proposed Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3)(H).
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4626(b)(3), payments would be made in
two tranches.28 First, if the member has
provided customer compensation, the
member would receive an amount equal
to the lesser of the member’s share or
the amount of customer
compensation.29 Second, the member
would receive an amount with respect
to covered proprietary losses, however,
the sum of payments to a member
would not exceed the member’s share.30
According to proposed Nasdaq Rule
4626(b)(3)(G), if the amount calculated
under the first tranche (i.e., customer
compensation) exceeds $62 million,
accommodation would be prorated
among members eligible to receive
accommodation under the first tranche.
If the first tranche is paid in full and the
amount calculated under the second
tranche exceeds the funds remaining
from the $62 million accommodation
pool, such funds would be prorated
among members eligible to receive
accommodation under the second
tranche.31 Further, if a member’s
eligibility to receive funds is voided
under proposed Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3),
and the funds payable to other members
must be prorated, the funds available to
pay other members would be increased
accordingly.32
III. Summary of Comments and
Nasdaq’s Response
As previously noted, the Commission
received 11 comment letters on the
accommodation proposal and one
response letter from Nasdaq.33 Eight
commenters raised concerns with
respect to the accommodation
proposal,34 two commenters expressed
their support for the accommodation
proposal,35 and one commenter
addressed the issue of exchange liability
more broadly.36
Commenters raised concerns in the
following areas, each of which is
discussed in greater detail below: (1)
The requirement that market
participants release all other potentially
valid claims as a condition to
participation in the accommodation
program; (2) Nasdaq’s calculation and
28 See
proposed Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3)(G).
id.
30 See id.
31 See id.
32 See id.
33 See supra notes 4 and 5.
34 See Triad Letter; Vandham Letter; Bram Letter;
Citi Letter; SIFMA Letter; UBS Letter; Entwistle
Letter; and Thompson Letter, supra note 4.
35 See Citadel Letter and Knight Letter, supra note
4.
36 See Angel Letter, supra note 4. The Angel
Letter does not opine on the proposal, but rather
comments more generally on what the appropriate
parameters of liability should be for national
securities exchanges.
29 See
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66199
use of a benchmark price of $40.527; (3)
the categories of claim-eligible trading
losses; (4) the amount of the
accommodation pool; (5) regulatory
immunity from private suits and
limitations on liability; (6) the
applicability of Nasdaq Rule 4626; (7)
the impact of approval of the
accommodation proposal on pending
litigation; and (8) two procedural issues.
A. Release of All Claims Relating to the
Facebook IPO Cross
Several commenters expressed
concerns that payment to eligible
claimants are conditioned upon the
member firm executing a release of
claims by the firm or its affiliates against
Nasdaq for losses associated with the
Facebook IPO on May 18, 2012.37
Specifically, one commenter indicated
that requiring execution of the release as
a precondition to participation in the
accommodation proposal creates a
‘‘fundamentally unfair dilemma’’ for
members.38 According to the
commenter, Nasdaq members must
choose to execute a release of claims
and participate in the accommodation
program, which may not make the
member whole, or pursue ‘‘cost-and
resource-intensive alternative avenues
of recovery.’’ 39 Another commenter
noted that releases of claims are
typically the product of commercial,
arms-length negotiation and not part of
a rule imposed by a regulatory
authority.40 Finally, one commenter
suggested that Nasdaq members be
given the option to ‘‘opt in’’ to the
accommodation program on an order by
order basis or a firm by firm basis.41
In response, Nasdaq asserted that the
release requirement is fair, reasonable,
and furthers the objectives of Section
6(b)(5) of the Act 42 because it is ‘‘aimed
at avoiding unnecessary litigation and
ensuring equal treatment of all members
receiving funds under the
[accommodation] [p]roposal.’’ 43
Moreover, Nasdaq noted that
participation in the accommodation
program and execution of the release are
entirely voluntary.44 Accordingly,
members that wish to forego
participation in the accommodation
program and pursue claims against
37 See UBS Letter, supra note 4, at 3–4; Vandham
Letter, supra note 4, at 3; and Knight Letter, supra
note 4, at 2.
38 See UBS Letter, supra note 4, at 3.
39 See id.
40 See Knight Letter, supra note 4, at 2.
41 See Vandham Letter, supra note 4, at 3.
42 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).
43 See Nasdaq Letter, supra note 5, at 5.
44 See id.
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Nasdaq instead remain free to do so.45
Nasdaq also noted that the use of a
release is routine in the context of a
payment in settlement of a disputed
claim, including those brought against
regulated entities.46 Finally, Nasdaq
argued that allowing members to
participate in the accommodation
program without releasing Nasdaq from
other claims related to the Facebook IPO
Cross would, in effect, ‘‘subsidize the
costs of future litigation against
itself.’’ 47
B. Nasdaq’s Uniform Benchmark Price
Several commenters expressed
concern with Nasdaq’s calculation and
use of the uniform benchmark price of
$40.527 to determine the amount of
compensation owed to a member under
the accommodation proposal.48
Generally, these commenters stated that,
contrary to Nasdaq’s assertion, a
‘‘reasonably diligent member’’ would
not have mitigated losses during the
first forty-five minutes after execution
reports were delivered to firms.49 More
specifically, two commenters stated that
the uniform benchmark price should be
based on a VWAP of Facebook stock on
Monday, May 21, 2012.50
In its response letter, Nasdaq
reasserted that the use of the VWAP of
Facebook stock during the 45 minute
window after 1:50 p.m. is appropriate as
the benchmark price because 45
minutes provided members enough time
to identify and mitigate any unexpected
losses or unanticipated positions.51
45 See
id.
id.
47 See id.
48 See Triad Letter, supra note 4, at 1–3; Vandham
Letter, supra note 4, at 2; Bram Letter, supra note
4, at 1; Citi Letter, supra note 4, at 2 and 10.
According to Nasdaq, the forty-five minutes after
execution reports were delivered ‘‘would have been
ample time for a reasonably diligent member to
have identified any unexpected customer losses or
unanticipated customer positions, and taken steps
to mitigate or liquidate them.’’ See Notice, supra
note 3, at footnote 24.
49 See Triad Letter, supra note 4, at 1–3; Vandham
Letter, supra note 4, at 2; Bram Letter, supra note
4, at 1; Citi Letter, supra note 4, at 2 and 10.
50 See Triad Letter, supra note 4, at 1; Citi Letter,
supra note 4, at 2 (stating that the benchmark price
should be the VWAP of Facebook stock between the
opening price on Monday, May 21, 2012 and the
price at noon on that same day).
51 See Nasdaq Letter, supra note 5, at 3.
Specifically, Nasdaq noted that: (i) All orders and
cancellations, including those entered between
11:11 a.m. and 11:30 a.m., were ‘‘executed,
cancelled, or released into the market’’ by 1:50 p.m.;
(ii) confirmations of all trades and cancellations had
been disseminated to members by 1:50 p.m.; and
(iii) Nasdaq began reporting a firm bid and ask to
the tape and all data feeds were operating normally
by 1:50 p.m. See id., at 3–4. Nasdaq also stated that
it issued a ‘‘System Status message’’ informing
members that all systems were operating normally
at 1:57 p.m. See id., at 4.
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C. Nasdaq’s Categories of Claim-Eligible
Trading Losses
Several commenters stated that the
types of orders eligible to receive
compensation under the
accommodation proposal are too
narrowly defined.52 Two commenters
believe that Nasdaq should provide
compensation for losses resulting from
‘‘downstream operational, technological
and customer issues.’’ 53 One
commenter stated that Nasdaq’s system
failures, specifically the failure to
deliver execution reports for more than
two hours after trading began, ‘‘caused
direct and severe damage’’ to the
commenter and other market
participants and led to direct trading
losses.54 Another commenter argued
that customer orders entered before
11:11 a.m. on May 18, 2012, that were
‘‘cancel/replaced’’ between 11:11 a.m.
and 11:30:09 a.m. should be treated
differently from other orders entered
during such time and should be entitled
to full compensation.55
Another commenter observed that the
accommodation proposal provides no
direct compensation to ‘‘ordinary retail
investors’’ and does not guarantee that
retail investors would receive any
compensation for losses.56 Because
Nasdaq’s proposal contemplates paying
retail customers through Nasdaq
member broker-dealers, the commenter
expressed concern that there is no
guarantee that compensation will
ultimately be passed back to the retail
investor, especially in instances where
the member’s ‘‘customer’’ is another
broker-dealer.57
Nasdaq responded that the question
before the Commission is only whether
the proposal is consistent with the
requirements of the Act.58 Nasdaq
asserted that commenters have not
argued that the proposal ‘‘discriminates
unfairly’’ among members or that it is
otherwise inconsistent with the
requirements of the Act.59 Nasdaq stated
52 See UBS Letter, supra note 4, at 2–3; Citi Letter,
supra note 4, at 7–10; and Vandham Letter, supra
note 4, at 3.
53 See UBS Letter, supra note 4, at 3; Citi Letter,
supra note 4, at 7–10 (noting that ‘‘[i]n some cases,
investors submitted multiple redundant orders
based on the belief that the orders were not going
through’’ and ‘‘[i]n other cases, investors submitted
cancelations before receiving order confirmations,
but were stuck with the stock.’’).
54 See UBS Letter, supra note 4, at 3.
55 See Vandham Letter, supra note 4, at 3. The
commenter believes that Nasdaq’s failure to
properly account for cancel/replaced orders
resulted in Nasdaq ‘‘taking the profits generated
from certain clients to distribute amongst a larger
group.’’ See id.
56 See Thompson Letter, supra note 4, at 3–4.
57 See id., at 11.
58 See Nasdaq Letter, supra note 5, at 2.
59 See id.
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its belief that none of the comments
provide a basis for the Commission to
determine that a modification to the
methodology and criteria it proposed ‘‘is
necessary to remedy any inconsistency
with the Exchange Act.’’ 60 With respect
to retail investors, Nasdaq stated that its
accommodation proposal would benefit
retail investors with eligible claims even
though Nasdaq has no direct
relationship with them.61 Nasdaq noted
that the accommodation proposal
requires each member to submit an
attestation detailing the amount of
compensation provided or to be
provided by the member to its
customers.62 Moreover, Nasdaq pointed
out that accommodation payments are
to be made in two tranches with the first
tranche going toward retail customer
claims.63
D. $62 Million Accommodation Pool Is
Insufficient
Several commenters argued that the
proposed $62 million accommodation
pool is an insufficient amount to
compensate market participants harmed
by Nasdaq’s systems issues.64
Nasdaq responded that commenters’
objections to the amount of
compensation are ‘‘unpersuasive’’
because the Commission has already
determined that rules, such as existing
Nasdaq Rule 4626, limiting exchange
liability are consistent with the Act.65
Accordingly, if the accommodation
proposal is disapproved, Nasdaq
asserted that the current limitation on
liability of $500,000 would apply.66
Nasdaq emphasized that members who
believe the amount of compensation
offered is insufficient or otherwise
dislike the accommodation proposal
may elect not to participate.67 Nasdaq
also stated that the purpose of the
accommodation proposal is ‘‘not to pay
all claims of losses alleged with respect
to the trading of Facebook stock,’’ but
rather the purpose is ‘‘to modify an
existing rule that limits Nasdaq’s
liability to $500,000 in order to make
additional funds available to
compensate members and their
customers for the categories of loss
60 See
id., at 4.
id., at 8.
62 See id.
63 See id.
64 See UBS Letter, supra note 4, at 2 (estimating
that its losses are ‘‘in excess of $350 million’’ and
describing Nasdaq’s proposal to pay $62 million in
the aggregate as ‘‘woefully inadequate’’); see also
Thompson Letter, supra note 4, at 4, 20.
65 See Nasdaq Letter, supra note 5, at 2.
66 See id.
67 See id., at 2–3.
61 See
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defined in the [accommodation]
[p]roposal * * * .’’ 68
E. Regulatory Immunity From Private
Suits and Limitations on Liability
Several commenters stated that
Nasdaq is not entitled to immunity from
liability because it was acting in its ‘‘for
profit’’ capacity in its handling of the
Facebook IPO, rather than acting in its
‘‘regulatory capacity’’ as a selfregulatory organization.69 However, the
two commenters that supported the
accommodation proposal noted that the
broader issues of regulatory immunity
and limitations on exchange liability
should be considered separately from
Nasdaq’s accommodation proposal.70
Nasdaq responded that the
Commission’s task with regard to the
accommodation proposal is only to
determine whether the proposed rule
change is consistent with the Act, and
the Commission does not need to
address the issue of regulatory
immunity to do so.71
F. Applicability of Nasdaq Rule 4626
According to one commenter, market
participants’ losses ‘‘resulted not from
the type of ordinary system failures
contemplated by Rule 4626 * * *, but
rather from a known design flaw that
resulted in a similar technology issue
dating back to Fall 2011, as well as
Nasdaq’s high-risk, profit-oriented
behavior prior to and during the IPO
* * *’’ 72 This commenter argued that it
is improper to use Rule 4626 to create
an accommodation fund in connection
with the Facebook IPO because the
losses suffered in connection with the
IPO do not fall within the parameters of
Rule 4626.73
Nasdaq emphasized in response that
Rule 4626 is a pre-existing Commission
approved rule and that the rule squarely
applies to Nasdaq’s systems issues
related to the Facebook IPO.74
G. Impact on Pending Litigation
Two commenters expressed concern
that Commission approval of the
accommodation proposal might
negatively impact other adjudications of
disputes with Nasdaq regarding the
Facebook IPO.75 The commenters
expressed concern that courts or other
68 See
id., at 4.
Citi Letter, supra note 4, at 2–4 and 12–
15; SIFMA Letter, supra note 4, at 2–4; Thompson
Letter, supra note 4, at 8–10.
70 See Citadel Letter, supra note 4, at 2; Knight
Letter, supra note 4, at 2.
71 See Nasdaq Letter, supra note 5, at 6–7.
72 See Citi Letter, supra note 4, at 4, 15–16.
73 See id.
74 See Nasdaq Letter, supra note 5, at 5–6.
75 See Thompson Letter, supra note 4, at 4–8; see
also Entwistle Letter, supra note 4, at 2.
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adjudicative bodies might interpret
Commission approval of the
accommodation proposal as defining or
approving the classes of eligible
claimants as restricted only to market
participants who submitted one of the
four enumerated Cross order types.76
The Nasdaq Letter did not specifically
respond to commenters’ concerns on
this issue.
H. Procedural Concerns
Several commenters raised procedural
concerns regarding the implementation
of the accommodation proposal.77 Two
commenters noted that Nasdaq should
waive the one-year time limit to bring
actions against Nasdaq in Sections 18(H)
and 19 of its Service Agreement given
the amount of time it could take to
implement the compensation process
set forth in the proposed rule change.78
Three commenters stated that Nasdaq
member firms should not be required to
release Nasdaq from liability before
member firms receive notice of a final
payment amount pursuant to the
accommodation proposal.79
Nasdaq responded that commenters’
requests to extend the one-year time
limit for members to bring claims
against Nasdaq improperly ask the
Commission to interfere with existing
contractual relationships that have no
bearing on whether Nasdaq Rule 4626
should be amended.80 As for concerns
that claimants might have to release
their claims against Nasdaq prior to
receiving compensation under the
accommodation proposal, Nasdaq stated
that it does not object to the release
becoming effective upon payment.81
76 See
id.
Citi Letter, supra note 4, at 16; SIFMA
Letter, supra note 4, at 5; and Knight Letter, supra
note 4, at 2.
78 Section 18(H) provides ‘‘that any claim,
dispute, controversy, or other matter in question
arising out of the agreement must be made no later
than one year after it has arisen. Section 19 of the
agreement provides that any claim, dispute,
controversy, or other matter in question arising out
of the agreement is expressly waived if it is not
brought within that period.’’ See SIFMA Letter,
supra note 4, at 5; see also Citi Letter, supra note
4, at 16.
79 See SIFMA Letter, supra note 4, at 5–6; Citi
Letter, supra note 4, at 16; and Knight Letter, supra
note 4, at 2.
80 See Nasdaq Letter, supra note 5, footnote 11.
Nasdaq believes that members who voluntarily
choose to proceed with their claims outside of the
accommodation proposal ‘‘should do so under the
terms and conditions they have agreed to, and not
seek to use the Commission’s notice and comment
process to renegotiate their prior contractual
commitments.’’ See id.
81 See id., at footnote 9. Nasdaq also stated that
it intends to implement the accommodation
proposal such that a member would be aware of the
results of its claim prior to being required to
execute a release. See id.
77 See
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66201
IV. Proceedings To Determine Whether
To Approve or Disapprove SR–
NASDAQ–2012–090 and Grounds for
Disapproval Under Consideration
The Commission is instituting
proceedings pursuant to Section
19(b)(2)(B) of the Act 82 to determine
whether the proposed rule change
should be approved or disapproved.
Institution of such proceedings is
appropriate at this time in view of the
legal and policy issues raised by the
proposed rule change, as discussed
below. Institution of proceedings does
not indicate that the Commission has
reached any conclusions with respect to
any of the issues involved. Rather, as
described in greater detail below, the
Commission seeks and encourages
interested persons to provide additional
comment on the proposed rule change.
Pursuant to Section 19(b)(2)(B) of the
Act,83 the Commission is providing
notice of the grounds for disapproval
under consideration. In particular,
Section 6(b)(5) of the Act 84 requires that
the rules of a national securities
exchange be designed, among other
things, to prevent fraudulent and
manipulative acts and practices, to
promote just and equitable principles of
trade, to foster cooperation and
coordination with persons engaged in
regulating, clearing, settling, processing
information with respect to, and
facilitating transactions in securities, to
remove impediments to and perfect the
mechanism of a free and open market
and a national market system, and, in
general, to protect investors and the
public interest; and not be designed to
permit unfair discrimination between
customers, issuers, brokers, or dealers.
As discussed above, Nasdaq’s
accommodation proposal would amend
its existing Rule 4626 to provide $62
million to compensate certain types of
claims arising in connection with the
Facebook IPO Cross on May 18, 2012.
Further, as proposed, a Nasdaq member
must execute a release of all claims by
the member or its affiliates against
Nasdaq or its affiliates for losses that
arise out of, are associated with, or
relate in any way to the Facebook IPO
Cross or to any actions or omissions
related in any way to that Cross in order
to receive any payment under proposed
Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3). The concerns
articulated by commenters, including
the limited categories of claims eligible
for compensation, the method of
determining losses for certain categories
of eligible claims, and the requirement
that a member waive all claims against
82 15
U.S.C. 78s(b)(2)(B).
U.S.C. 78s(b)(2)(B).
84 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).
83 15
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Federal Register / Vol. 77, No. 213 / Friday, November 2, 2012 / Notices
Nasdaq or its affiliates for losses that
relate to the Facebook IPO Cross, raise
questions about whether the
accommodation proposal would
promote just and equitable principles of
trade, protect investors and the public
interest, and not be designed to permit
unfair discrimination between market
participants.85
Accordingly, in light of the concerns
raised by commenters, the Commission
believes that questions are raised as to
whether Nasdaq’s accommodation
proposal is consistent with the
requirements of Section 6(b)(5) of the
Act, including whether the
accommodation proposal would
promote just and equitable principles of
trade, protect investors and the public
interest, and not be designed to permit
unfair discrimination between
customers, issuers, brokers, or dealers.
V. Procedure: Request for Written
Comments
The Commission requests that
interested persons provide written
submissions of their views, data, and
arguments with respect to the concerns
identified above, as well as any other
concerns they may have with the
accommodation proposal. In particular,
the Commission invites the written
views of interested persons concerning
whether the accommodation proposal is
consistent with Section 6(b)(5) 86 or any
other provision of the Act, or the rules
and regulations thereunder. Although
there do not appear to be any issues
relevant to approval or disapproval
which would be facilitated by an oral
presentation of views, data, and
arguments, the Commission will
consider, pursuant to Rule 19b–4, any
request for an opportunity to make an
oral presentation.87
Interested persons are invited to
submit written data, views, and
arguments regarding whether the
accommodation proposal should be
approved or disapproved by November
23, 2012. Any person who wishes to file
a rebuttal to any other person’s
85 See
supra Sections III.A.–C.
U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).
87 Section 19(b)(2) of the Act, as amended by the
Securities Acts Amendments of 1975, Public Law
94–29 (June 4, 1975), grants the Commission
flexibility to determine what type of proceeding—
either oral or notice and opportunity for written
comments—is appropriate for consideration of a
particular proposal by a self-regulatory
organization. See Securities Act Amendments of
1975, Senate Comm. on Banking, Housing & Urban
Affairs, S. Reps. No. 75, 94th Cong., 1st Sess. 30
(1975).
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submission must file that rebuttal by
December 7, 2012. Comments may be
submitted by any of the following
methods:
Electronic Comments
For the Commission, by the Division of
Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated
authority.88
Kevin M. O’Neill,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2012–26857 Filed 11–1–12; 8:45 am]
• Use the Commission’s Internet
comment form (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml); or
• Send an email to rulecomments@sec.gov. Please include File
Number SR–NASDAQ–2012–090 on the
subject line.
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
Paper Comments
Self-Regulatory Organizations;
Chicago Mercantile Exchange Inc.;
Notice of Filing and Immediate
Effectiveness of Proposed Rule
Change To Add One Series of Credit
Default Index Swaps Available for
Clearing
• Send paper comments in triplicate
to Elizabeth M. Murphy, Secretary,
Securities and Exchange Commission,
100 F Street NE., Washington, DC
20549–1090.
All submissions should refer to File
Number SR–NASDAQ–2012–090. This
file number should be included on the
subject line if email is used. To help the
Commission process and review your
comments more efficiently, please use
only one method. The Commission will
post all comments on the Commission’s
Internet Web site (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml). Copies of the
submission, all subsequent
amendments, all written statements
with respect to the accommodation
proposal that are filed with the
Commission, and all written
communications relating to the
accommodation proposal between the
Commission and any person, other than
those that may be withheld from the
public in accordance with the
provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be
available for Web site viewing and
printing in the Commission’s Public
Reference Room, 100 F Street NE.,
Washington, DC 20549, on official
business days between the hours of
10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. Copies of such
filings also will be available for
inspection and copying at the principal
office of the Exchange. All comments
received will be posted without change;
the Commission does not edit personal
identifying information from
submissions. You should submit only
information that you wish to make
available publicly. All submissions
should refer to File Number SR–
NASDAQ–2012–090 and should be
submitted on or before November 23,
2012. Rebuttal comments should be
submitted by December 7, 2012.
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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
[Release No. 34–68109; File No. SR–CME–
2012–40]
October 26, 2012.
Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
(‘‘Act’’),1 and Rule 19b–4 thereunder,2
notice is hereby given that on October
15, 2012, Chicago Mercantile Exchange
Inc. (‘‘CME’’) filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission
(‘‘Commission’’) the proposed rule
change described in Items I, II and III
below, which Items have been prepared
primarily by CME. CME filed the
proposed rule change pursuant to
Section 19(b)(3)(A) 3 of the Act and Rule
19b–4(f)(4)(i) 4 thereunder so that the
proposal was effective upon filing with
the Commission. The Commission is
publishing this notice to solicit
comments on the rule change from
interested parties.
DATE:
I. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Terms of Substance of
the Proposed Rule Change
The text of the proposed rule change
is below. Italicized text indicates
additions; [bracketed] text indicates
deletions.
*
*
*
*
*
CHICAGO MERCANTILE EXCHANGE
INC. RULEBOOK
Rule 100–80203—No Change.
*
*
*
*
*
CME Chapter 802 Rules: Appendix 1
APPENDIX 1
88 17
CFR 200.30–3(a)(57).
U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
2 17 CFR 240.19b–4.
3 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(3)(A).
4 17 CFR 240.19b–4(f)(4)(i).
1 15
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Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 77, Number 213 (Friday, November 2, 2012)]
[Notices]
[Pages 66197-66202]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2012-26857]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
[Release No. 34-68115; File No. SR-NASDAQ-2012-090]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Order
Instituting Proceedings To Determine Whether To Approve or Disapprove
Proposed Rule Change To Amend Rule 4626--Limitation of Liability
October 26, 2012.
I. Introduction
On July 23, 2012, The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC (``Nasdaq'' or
``Exchange'') filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
(``Commission''), pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 (``Act'') \1\ and Rule 19b-4 thereunder,\2\ a
proposed rule change to amend Exchange Rule 4626--Limitation of
Liability (``accommodation proposal''). The proposed rule change was
published for comment in the Federal Register on August 1, 2012.\3\ The
Commission received 11 comment letters on this proposal \4\ and a
response letter from Nasdaq.\5\ On September 12, 2012, the Commission
extended the time period in which to either approve the accommodation
proposal, disapprove the accommodation
[[Page 66198]]
proposal, or to institute proceedings to determine whether to approve
or disapprove the accommodation proposal, to October 30, 2012.\6\ This
order institutes proceedings under Section 19(b)(2)(B) of the Act \7\
to determine whether to approve or disapprove the accommodation
proposal.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
\2\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4.
\3\ See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 67507 (July 26,
2012), 77 FR 45706 (``Notice'').
\4\ See letters to Elizabeth M. Murphy, Secretary, Commission,
from Sis DeMarco, Chief Compliance Officer, Triad Securities Corp.,
dated August 20, 2012 (``Triad Letter''); Eugene P. Torpey, Chief
Compliance Officer, Vandham Securities Corp., dated August 21, 2012
(``Vandham Letter''); John C. Nagel, Managing Director and General
Counsel, Citadel LLC, dated August 21, 2012 (``Citadel Letter'');
Benjamin Bram, Watermill Institutional Trading LLC, dated August 22,
2012 (``Bram Letter''); Daniel Keegan, Managing Director, Citigroup
Global Markets Inc., dated August 22, 2012 (``Citi Letter'');
Theodore R. Lazo, Managing Director and Associate General Counsel,
Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association, dated August
22, 2012 (``SIFMA Letter''); Mark Shelton, Group Managing Director
and General Counsel, UBS Securities LLC, dated August 22, 2012
(``UBS Letter''); Andrew J. Entwistle and Vincent R. Cappucci,
Entwistle & Cappucci LLP, dated August 22, 2012 (``Entwistle
Letter''); Douglas G. Thompson, Michael G. McLellan, and Robert O.
Wilson, Finkelstein Thompson LLP, Christopher Lovell, Victor E.
Stewart, and Fred T. Isquith, Lovell Stewart Halebian Jacobson LLP,
Jacob H. Zamansky and Edward H. Glenn, Zamansky & Associates LLC,
dated August 22, 2012 (``Thompson Letter''); James J. Angel,
Associate Professor of Finance, Georgetown University, McDonough
School of Business, dated August 23, 2012 (``Angel Letter''); and
Leonard J. Amoruso, General Counsel, Knight Capital Group, Inc.,
dated August 29, 2012 (``Knight Letter'').
\5\ See letter to Elizabeth M. Murphy, Secretary, Commission,
from Joan C. Conley, Senior Vice President and Corporate Secretary,
The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC, dated September 17, 2012 (``Nasdaq
Letter'').
\6\ See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 67842 (September 12,
2012), 77 FR 57171 (September 17, 2012).
\7\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(2)(B).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
II. Description of Proposal \8\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\8\ In issuing this order, the Commission neither makes any
findings nor expresses any opinion with regard to Nasdaq's
representations and interpretations contained in its accommodation
proposal.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Pursuant to existing Nasdaq Rule 4626(a), Nasdaq and its affiliates
are not liable for any losses, damages, or other claims arising out of
the Nasdaq Market Center or its use.\9\ However, existing Nasdaq Rule
4626(b) allows Nasdaq to compensate users of the Nasdaq Market Center
for losses directly resulting from the systems' actual failure to
correctly process an order, Quote/Order, message, or other data,
provided the Nasdaq Market Center has acknowledged receipt of the
order, Quote/Order, message, or data. Nasdaq's payment for all claims
made by all market participants related to the use of the Nasdaq Market
Center during a single calendar month shall not exceed the larger of
$500,000 or the amount of the recovery obtained by Nasdaq under any
applicable insurance policy.\10\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\9\ According to Nasdaq Rule 4626(a), any losses, damages, or
other claims, related to a failure of the Nasdaq Market Center to
deliver, display, transmit, execute, compare, submit for clearance
and settlement, adjust, retain priority for, or otherwise correctly
process an order, Quote/Order, message, or other data entered into,
or created by, the Nasdaq Market Center is absorbed by the member,
or the member sponsoring the customer, that entered the order,
Quote/Order, message, or other data into the Nasdaq Market Center.
\10\ See Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(1). With respect to the aggregate
of all claims made by all market participants during a single
calendar month related to a systems malfunction or error of the
Nasdaq Market Center concerning locked/crossed market, trade through
protection, market maker quoting, order protection, or firm quote
compliance functions of the market participant, to the extent such
functions are electronically enforced by the Nasdaq trading system
and where Nasdaq determines in its sole discretion that such systems
malfunction or error was caused exclusively by Nasdaq and no outside
factors contributed to the systems malfunction or error, Nasdaq's
payment during a single calendar month will not exceed the larger of
$3,000,000 or the amount of the recovery obtained by Nasdaq under
any applicable insurance policy. See Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(2). The
Facebook initial public offering does not implicate the types of
systems errors or malfunctions described in Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(2).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
As set forth in more detail in the Notice, Nasdaq proposes to add
subsection (3) to Nasdaq Rule 4626(b) to establish a voluntary
accommodation program for certain claims arising from the initial
public offering (``IPO'') of Facebook, Inc. (``Facebook'') on May 18,
2012 (collectively ``Facebook IPO'').\11\ Specifically, Nasdaq proposes
to compensate market participants for certain claims related to system
difficulties in the Nasdaq Halt and Imbalance Cross process (``Cross'')
\12\ in connection with the Facebook IPO in an amount not to exceed $62
million.\13\ Further, as proposed, claims for compensation must arise
solely from realized or unrealized direct trading losses from four
specific categories of Cross orders: (i) Sell Cross orders that were
submitted between 11:11 a.m. ET and 11:30 a.m. ET on May 18, 2012, that
were priced at $42.00 or less, and that did not execute; (ii) sell
Cross orders that were submitted between 11:11 a.m. ET and 11:30 a.m.
ET on May 18, 2012, that were priced at $42.00 or less, and that
executed at a price below $42.00; (iii) buy Cross orders priced at
exactly $42.00 and that were executed in the Cross, but not immediately
confirmed; and (iv) buy Cross orders priced above $42.00 and that were
executed in the Cross, but not immediately confirmed, but only to the
extent entered with respect to a customer \14\ that was permitted by
the member to cancel its order prior to 1:50 p.m. and for which a
request to cancel the order was submitted to Nasdaq by the member, also
prior to 1:50 p.m.\15\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\11\ In addition to adding proposed subsection (b)(3) to Nasdaq
Rule 4626, Nasdaq proposes to make certain technical amendments to
existing subsections of that rule. See, e.g., proposed Nasdaq Rule
4626(b)(4) and (b)(6).
\12\ See Nasdaq Rule 4753.
\13\ See proposed Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3); Notice, supra note 3,
at 47507.
\14\ As proposed, unless Nasdaq Rule 4626 states otherwise, the
term ``customer'' includes any unaffiliated entity upon whose behalf
an order is entered, including any unaffiliated broker or dealer.
See proposed Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3)(A).
\15\ See proposed Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3)(A); Notice, supra note
3, at 45710-11. In addition, proposed Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3)(C)
states that alleged losses arising in any form or that in any way
resulted from any other causes would not be considered losses
eligible for the proposed accommodations. Proposed Nasdaq Rule
4626(b)(3)(C) sets forth a non-exhaustive list of examples of such
losses.
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According to proposed Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3)(B), the measure of
loss for the Cross orders described in (i), (iii), and (iv) above would
be the lesser of: (a) The differential between the expected execution
price of the orders in the Cross process that established an opening
print of $42.00 and the actual execution price received; or (b) the
differential between the expected execution price of the orders in the
Cross process that established an opening print of $42.00 and a
benchmark price of $40.527.\16\ With respect to Cross orders described
in (iv) above, the amount of loss would be reduced by 30 percent.\17\
Further, according to proposed Rule 4626(b)(3)(B), the measure of loss
for the Cross orders described in (ii) above would be the differential
between the expected execution price of the orders in the Cross process
that established an opening print of $42.00 and the actual execution
price received.\18\
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\16\ $40.527 constitutes the volume-weighted average price
(``VWAP'') of Facebook stock on May 18, 2012, between 1:50 p.m. ET
and 2:35 p.m. ET. See proposed Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3)(B). See also
Notice, supra note 3, at 45710-11 (describing Nasdaq's rationale for
establishing the $40.527 benchmark).
\17\ See proposed Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3)(B); see also Notice,
supra note 3, at 45710 (describing Nasdaq's rationale for lowering
the amount of eligible losses for the fourth category of Cross
orders).
\18\ Each member's direct trading losses calculated in
accordance with proposed Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3)(A) and (B) are
referred to as the ``member's share.'' See proposed Nasdaq Rule
4626(b)(3)(B).
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With respect to the process for submitting claims pursuant to
proposed Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3), all claims must be submitted in
writing no later than seven days after this accommodation proposal is
approved by the Commission.\19\ As proposed, the Financial Industry
Regulatory Authority, Inc. (``FINRA'') would process and evaluate all
the claims submitted, using the standards set forth in Nasdaq Rule
4626.\20\ FINRA would then provide to the Nasdaq Board of Directors and
the Board of Directors of The NASDAQ OMX Group, Inc. an analysis of the
total value of eligible claims submitted under proposed Nasdaq Rule
4626(b)(3), and Nasdaq would thereafter file with the Commission a
proposed rule change setting forth the amount of eligible claims and
the amount it proposes to
[[Page 66199]]
pay to its members.\21\ All payments would be made in cash and would
not be made until the proposed rule change setting forth the amount of
eligible claims becomes final and effective.\22\
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\19\ See proposed Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3)(D). According to
Nasdaq, notice of approval would be publicly posted on the Nasdaq
Trader Web site at www.nasdaqtrader.com and provided directly to all
member firms via an Equity Trader Alert. See Notice, supra note 3,
at 45712.
\20\ See proposed Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3)(D). FINRA may request
such supplemental information as it deems necessary to assist its
evaluation of claims. See id. According to Nasdaq, FINRA's role
would be limited to measuring data against the benchmarks
established under Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3) to ascertain the
eligibility and value of each member's claims. See Notice, supra
note 3, at 45712. Further, Nasdaq represents that FINRA staff
assessing the claims would not be involved in providing regulatory
services to any Nasdaq market, and they would not have purchased
Facebook stock during Nasdaq's IPO opening process or currently own
Facebook stock. See id.
\21\ See proposed Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3)(E). According to
Nasdaq, the report that FINRA prepares for Nasdaq on its analysis of
the eligibility of claims also would be provided to the public
members of FINRA's Audit Committee. See Notice, supra note 3, at
45712.
\22\ See proposed Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3)(E).
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Furthermore, as proposed, in order to receive payment under
proposed Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3), not later than seven days after the
effective date of the proposed rule change setting forth the amount of
eligible claims, the member must submit to Nasdaq an attestation
detailing the amount of customer compensation \23\ and covered
proprietary losses.\24\ Failure to provide the required attestation
within the specified time period would void the member's eligibility to
receive compensation under proposed Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3).\25\ In
addition, under proposed Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3)(H), all payments to
members under the accommodation proposal would be contingent upon the
execution and delivery to Nasdaq of a release by the member of all
claims by it or its affiliates against Nasdaq or its affiliates for
losses that arise out of, are associated with, or relate in any way to
the Facebook IPO Cross or any actions or omissions related in any way
to that Cross.\26\ The failure to provide this release within 14 days
after the effective date of the proposed rule change setting forth the
amount of eligible claims would void the member's eligibility to
receive compensation pursuant to proposed Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3).\27\
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\23\ According to proposed Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3)(F)(i),
``customer compensation'' means the amount of compensation,
accommodation, or other economic benefit provided or to be provided
by the member to its customers (other than customers that were
brokers or dealers trading for their own account) in respect of
trading in Facebook on May 18, 2012.
\24\ According to proposed Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3)(F)(ii),
``covered proprietary losses'' means the extent to which the losses
reflected in the member's share were incurred by the member trading
for its own account or for the account of a customer that was a
broker or dealer trading for its own account.
\25\ See proposed Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3)(F). In addition, each
member must maintain books and records that detail the nature and
amount of customer compensation and covered proprietary losses. See
id. According to Nasdaq, it, through FINRA, would expect to examine
the accuracy of a member's attestation at a later date. See Notice,
supra note 3, at 45712.
\26\ See proposed Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3)(H); Notice, supra note
3, at 45713 (explaining the purpose of the release requirement).
\27\ See proposed Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3)(H).
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With respect to the priority of payment under proposed Nasdaq Rule
4626(b)(3), payments would be made in two tranches.\28\ First, if the
member has provided customer compensation, the member would receive an
amount equal to the lesser of the member's share or the amount of
customer compensation.\29\ Second, the member would receive an amount
with respect to covered proprietary losses, however, the sum of
payments to a member would not exceed the member's share.\30\ According
to proposed Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3)(G), if the amount calculated under
the first tranche (i.e., customer compensation) exceeds $62 million,
accommodation would be prorated among members eligible to receive
accommodation under the first tranche. If the first tranche is paid in
full and the amount calculated under the second tranche exceeds the
funds remaining from the $62 million accommodation pool, such funds
would be prorated among members eligible to receive accommodation under
the second tranche.\31\ Further, if a member's eligibility to receive
funds is voided under proposed Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3), and the funds
payable to other members must be prorated, the funds available to pay
other members would be increased accordingly.\32\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\28\ See proposed Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3)(G).
\29\ See id.
\30\ See id.
\31\ See id.
\32\ See id.
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III. Summary of Comments and Nasdaq's Response
As previously noted, the Commission received 11 comment letters on
the accommodation proposal and one response letter from Nasdaq.\33\
Eight commenters raised concerns with respect to the accommodation
proposal,\34\ two commenters expressed their support for the
accommodation proposal,\35\ and one commenter addressed the issue of
exchange liability more broadly.\36\
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\33\ See supra notes 4 and 5.
\34\ See Triad Letter; Vandham Letter; Bram Letter; Citi Letter;
SIFMA Letter; UBS Letter; Entwistle Letter; and Thompson Letter,
supra note 4.
\35\ See Citadel Letter and Knight Letter, supra note 4.
\36\ See Angel Letter, supra note 4. The Angel Letter does not
opine on the proposal, but rather comments more generally on what
the appropriate parameters of liability should be for national
securities exchanges.
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Commenters raised concerns in the following areas, each of which is
discussed in greater detail below: (1) The requirement that market
participants release all other potentially valid claims as a condition
to participation in the accommodation program; (2) Nasdaq's calculation
and use of a benchmark price of $40.527; (3) the categories of claim-
eligible trading losses; (4) the amount of the accommodation pool; (5)
regulatory immunity from private suits and limitations on liability;
(6) the applicability of Nasdaq Rule 4626; (7) the impact of approval
of the accommodation proposal on pending litigation; and (8) two
procedural issues.
A. Release of All Claims Relating to the Facebook IPO Cross
Several commenters expressed concerns that payment to eligible
claimants are conditioned upon the member firm executing a release of
claims by the firm or its affiliates against Nasdaq for losses
associated with the Facebook IPO on May 18, 2012.\37\ Specifically, one
commenter indicated that requiring execution of the release as a
precondition to participation in the accommodation proposal creates a
``fundamentally unfair dilemma'' for members.\38\ According to the
commenter, Nasdaq members must choose to execute a release of claims
and participate in the accommodation program, which may not make the
member whole, or pursue ``cost-and resource-intensive alternative
avenues of recovery.'' \39\ Another commenter noted that releases of
claims are typically the product of commercial, arms-length negotiation
and not part of a rule imposed by a regulatory authority.\40\ Finally,
one commenter suggested that Nasdaq members be given the option to
``opt in'' to the accommodation program on an order by order basis or a
firm by firm basis.\41\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\37\ See UBS Letter, supra note 4, at 3-4; Vandham Letter, supra
note 4, at 3; and Knight Letter, supra note 4, at 2.
\38\ See UBS Letter, supra note 4, at 3.
\39\ See id.
\40\ See Knight Letter, supra note 4, at 2.
\41\ See Vandham Letter, supra note 4, at 3.
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In response, Nasdaq asserted that the release requirement is fair,
reasonable, and furthers the objectives of Section 6(b)(5) of the Act
\42\ because it is ``aimed at avoiding unnecessary litigation and
ensuring equal treatment of all members receiving funds under the
[accommodation] [p]roposal.'' \43\ Moreover, Nasdaq noted that
participation in the accommodation program and execution of the release
are entirely voluntary.\44\ Accordingly, members that wish to forego
participation in the accommodation program and pursue claims against
[[Page 66200]]
Nasdaq instead remain free to do so.\45\ Nasdaq also noted that the use
of a release is routine in the context of a payment in settlement of a
disputed claim, including those brought against regulated entities.\46\
Finally, Nasdaq argued that allowing members to participate in the
accommodation program without releasing Nasdaq from other claims
related to the Facebook IPO Cross would, in effect, ``subsidize the
costs of future litigation against itself.'' \47\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\42\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).
\43\ See Nasdaq Letter, supra note 5, at 5.
\44\ See id.
\45\ See id.
\46\ See id.
\47\ See id.
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B. Nasdaq's Uniform Benchmark Price
Several commenters expressed concern with Nasdaq's calculation and
use of the uniform benchmark price of $40.527 to determine the amount
of compensation owed to a member under the accommodation proposal.\48\
Generally, these commenters stated that, contrary to Nasdaq's
assertion, a ``reasonably diligent member'' would not have mitigated
losses during the first forty-five minutes after execution reports were
delivered to firms.\49\ More specifically, two commenters stated that
the uniform benchmark price should be based on a VWAP of Facebook stock
on Monday, May 21, 2012.\50\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\48\ See Triad Letter, supra note 4, at 1-3; Vandham Letter,
supra note 4, at 2; Bram Letter, supra note 4, at 1; Citi Letter,
supra note 4, at 2 and 10. According to Nasdaq, the forty-five
minutes after execution reports were delivered ``would have been
ample time for a reasonably diligent member to have identified any
unexpected customer losses or unanticipated customer positions, and
taken steps to mitigate or liquidate them.'' See Notice, supra note
3, at footnote 24.
\49\ See Triad Letter, supra note 4, at 1-3; Vandham Letter,
supra note 4, at 2; Bram Letter, supra note 4, at 1; Citi Letter,
supra note 4, at 2 and 10.
\50\ See Triad Letter, supra note 4, at 1; Citi Letter, supra
note 4, at 2 (stating that the benchmark price should be the VWAP of
Facebook stock between the opening price on Monday, May 21, 2012 and
the price at noon on that same day).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
In its response letter, Nasdaq reasserted that the use of the VWAP
of Facebook stock during the 45 minute window after 1:50 p.m. is
appropriate as the benchmark price because 45 minutes provided members
enough time to identify and mitigate any unexpected losses or
unanticipated positions.\51\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\51\ See Nasdaq Letter, supra note 5, at 3. Specifically, Nasdaq
noted that: (i) All orders and cancellations, including those
entered between 11:11 a.m. and 11:30 a.m., were ``executed,
cancelled, or released into the market'' by 1:50 p.m.; (ii)
confirmations of all trades and cancellations had been disseminated
to members by 1:50 p.m.; and (iii) Nasdaq began reporting a firm bid
and ask to the tape and all data feeds were operating normally by
1:50 p.m. See id., at 3-4. Nasdaq also stated that it issued a
``System Status message'' informing members that all systems were
operating normally at 1:57 p.m. See id., at 4.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
C. Nasdaq's Categories of Claim-Eligible Trading Losses
Several commenters stated that the types of orders eligible to
receive compensation under the accommodation proposal are too narrowly
defined.\52\ Two commenters believe that Nasdaq should provide
compensation for losses resulting from ``downstream operational,
technological and customer issues.'' \53\ One commenter stated that
Nasdaq's system failures, specifically the failure to deliver execution
reports for more than two hours after trading began, ``caused direct
and severe damage'' to the commenter and other market participants and
led to direct trading losses.\54\ Another commenter argued that
customer orders entered before 11:11 a.m. on May 18, 2012, that were
``cancel/replaced'' between 11:11 a.m. and 11:30:09 a.m. should be
treated differently from other orders entered during such time and
should be entitled to full compensation.\55\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\52\ See UBS Letter, supra note 4, at 2-3; Citi Letter, supra
note 4, at 7-10; and Vandham Letter, supra note 4, at 3.
\53\ See UBS Letter, supra note 4, at 3; Citi Letter, supra note
4, at 7-10 (noting that ``[i]n some cases, investors submitted
multiple redundant orders based on the belief that the orders were
not going through'' and ``[i]n other cases, investors submitted
cancelations before receiving order confirmations, but were stuck
with the stock.'').
\54\ See UBS Letter, supra note 4, at 3.
\55\ See Vandham Letter, supra note 4, at 3. The commenter
believes that Nasdaq's failure to properly account for cancel/
replaced orders resulted in Nasdaq ``taking the profits generated
from certain clients to distribute amongst a larger group.'' See id.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Another commenter observed that the accommodation proposal provides
no direct compensation to ``ordinary retail investors'' and does not
guarantee that retail investors would receive any compensation for
losses.\56\ Because Nasdaq's proposal contemplates paying retail
customers through Nasdaq member broker-dealers, the commenter expressed
concern that there is no guarantee that compensation will ultimately be
passed back to the retail investor, especially in instances where the
member's ``customer'' is another broker-dealer.\57\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\56\ See Thompson Letter, supra note 4, at 3-4.
\57\ See id., at 11.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nasdaq responded that the question before the Commission is only
whether the proposal is consistent with the requirements of the
Act.\58\ Nasdaq asserted that commenters have not argued that the
proposal ``discriminates unfairly'' among members or that it is
otherwise inconsistent with the requirements of the Act.\59\ Nasdaq
stated its belief that none of the comments provide a basis for the
Commission to determine that a modification to the methodology and
criteria it proposed ``is necessary to remedy any inconsistency with
the Exchange Act.'' \60\ With respect to retail investors, Nasdaq
stated that its accommodation proposal would benefit retail investors
with eligible claims even though Nasdaq has no direct relationship with
them.\61\ Nasdaq noted that the accommodation proposal requires each
member to submit an attestation detailing the amount of compensation
provided or to be provided by the member to its customers.\62\
Moreover, Nasdaq pointed out that accommodation payments are to be made
in two tranches with the first tranche going toward retail customer
claims.\63\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\58\ See Nasdaq Letter, supra note 5, at 2.
\59\ See id.
\60\ See id., at 4.
\61\ See id., at 8.
\62\ See id.
\63\ See id.
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D. $62 Million Accommodation Pool Is Insufficient
Several commenters argued that the proposed $62 million
accommodation pool is an insufficient amount to compensate market
participants harmed by Nasdaq's systems issues.\64\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\64\ See UBS Letter, supra note 4, at 2 (estimating that its
losses are ``in excess of $350 million'' and describing Nasdaq's
proposal to pay $62 million in the aggregate as ``woefully
inadequate''); see also Thompson Letter, supra note 4, at 4, 20.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nasdaq responded that commenters' objections to the amount of
compensation are ``unpersuasive'' because the Commission has already
determined that rules, such as existing Nasdaq Rule 4626, limiting
exchange liability are consistent with the Act.\65\ Accordingly, if the
accommodation proposal is disapproved, Nasdaq asserted that the current
limitation on liability of $500,000 would apply.\66\ Nasdaq emphasized
that members who believe the amount of compensation offered is
insufficient or otherwise dislike the accommodation proposal may elect
not to participate.\67\ Nasdaq also stated that the purpose of the
accommodation proposal is ``not to pay all claims of losses alleged
with respect to the trading of Facebook stock,'' but rather the purpose
is ``to modify an existing rule that limits Nasdaq's liability to
$500,000 in order to make additional funds available to compensate
members and their customers for the categories of loss
[[Page 66201]]
defined in the [accommodation] [p]roposal * * * .'' \68\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\65\ See Nasdaq Letter, supra note 5, at 2.
\66\ See id.
\67\ See id., at 2-3.
\68\ See id., at 4.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
E. Regulatory Immunity From Private Suits and Limitations on Liability
Several commenters stated that Nasdaq is not entitled to immunity
from liability because it was acting in its ``for profit'' capacity in
its handling of the Facebook IPO, rather than acting in its
``regulatory capacity'' as a self-regulatory organization.\69\ However,
the two commenters that supported the accommodation proposal noted that
the broader issues of regulatory immunity and limitations on exchange
liability should be considered separately from Nasdaq's accommodation
proposal.\70\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\69\ See Citi Letter, supra note 4, at 2-4 and 12-15; SIFMA
Letter, supra note 4, at 2-4; Thompson Letter, supra note 4, at 8-
10.
\70\ See Citadel Letter, supra note 4, at 2; Knight Letter,
supra note 4, at 2.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nasdaq responded that the Commission's task with regard to the
accommodation proposal is only to determine whether the proposed rule
change is consistent with the Act, and the Commission does not need to
address the issue of regulatory immunity to do so.\71\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\71\ See Nasdaq Letter, supra note 5, at 6-7.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
F. Applicability of Nasdaq Rule 4626
According to one commenter, market participants' losses ``resulted
not from the type of ordinary system failures contemplated by Rule 4626
* * *, but rather from a known design flaw that resulted in a similar
technology issue dating back to Fall 2011, as well as Nasdaq's high-
risk, profit-oriented behavior prior to and during the IPO * * *'' \72\
This commenter argued that it is improper to use Rule 4626 to create an
accommodation fund in connection with the Facebook IPO because the
losses suffered in connection with the IPO do not fall within the
parameters of Rule 4626.\73\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\72\ See Citi Letter, supra note 4, at 4, 15-16.
\73\ See id.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nasdaq emphasized in response that Rule 4626 is a pre-existing
Commission approved rule and that the rule squarely applies to Nasdaq's
systems issues related to the Facebook IPO.\74\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\74\ See Nasdaq Letter, supra note 5, at 5-6.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
G. Impact on Pending Litigation
Two commenters expressed concern that Commission approval of the
accommodation proposal might negatively impact other adjudications of
disputes with Nasdaq regarding the Facebook IPO.\75\ The commenters
expressed concern that courts or other adjudicative bodies might
interpret Commission approval of the accommodation proposal as defining
or approving the classes of eligible claimants as restricted only to
market participants who submitted one of the four enumerated Cross
order types.\76\ The Nasdaq Letter did not specifically respond to
commenters' concerns on this issue.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\75\ See Thompson Letter, supra note 4, at 4-8; see also
Entwistle Letter, supra note 4, at 2.
\76\ See id.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
H. Procedural Concerns
Several commenters raised procedural concerns regarding the
implementation of the accommodation proposal.\77\ Two commenters noted
that Nasdaq should waive the one-year time limit to bring actions
against Nasdaq in Sections 18(H) and 19 of its Service Agreement given
the amount of time it could take to implement the compensation process
set forth in the proposed rule change.\78\ Three commenters stated that
Nasdaq member firms should not be required to release Nasdaq from
liability before member firms receive notice of a final payment amount
pursuant to the accommodation proposal.\79\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\77\ See Citi Letter, supra note 4, at 16; SIFMA Letter, supra
note 4, at 5; and Knight Letter, supra note 4, at 2.
\78\ Section 18(H) provides ``that any claim, dispute,
controversy, or other matter in question arising out of the
agreement must be made no later than one year after it has arisen.
Section 19 of the agreement provides that any claim, dispute,
controversy, or other matter in question arising out of the
agreement is expressly waived if it is not brought within that
period.'' See SIFMA Letter, supra note 4, at 5; see also Citi
Letter, supra note 4, at 16.
\79\ See SIFMA Letter, supra note 4, at 5-6; Citi Letter, supra
note 4, at 16; and Knight Letter, supra note 4, at 2.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nasdaq responded that commenters' requests to extend the one-year
time limit for members to bring claims against Nasdaq improperly ask
the Commission to interfere with existing contractual relationships
that have no bearing on whether Nasdaq Rule 4626 should be amended.\80\
As for concerns that claimants might have to release their claims
against Nasdaq prior to receiving compensation under the accommodation
proposal, Nasdaq stated that it does not object to the release becoming
effective upon payment.\81\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\80\ See Nasdaq Letter, supra note 5, footnote 11. Nasdaq
believes that members who voluntarily choose to proceed with their
claims outside of the accommodation proposal ``should do so under
the terms and conditions they have agreed to, and not seek to use
the Commission's notice and comment process to renegotiate their
prior contractual commitments.'' See id.
\81\ See id., at footnote 9. Nasdaq also stated that it intends
to implement the accommodation proposal such that a member would be
aware of the results of its claim prior to being required to execute
a release. See id.
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IV. Proceedings To Determine Whether To Approve or Disapprove SR-
NASDAQ-2012-090 and Grounds for Disapproval Under Consideration
The Commission is instituting proceedings pursuant to Section
19(b)(2)(B) of the Act \82\ to determine whether the proposed rule
change should be approved or disapproved. Institution of such
proceedings is appropriate at this time in view of the legal and policy
issues raised by the proposed rule change, as discussed below.
Institution of proceedings does not indicate that the Commission has
reached any conclusions with respect to any of the issues involved.
Rather, as described in greater detail below, the Commission seeks and
encourages interested persons to provide additional comment on the
proposed rule change.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\82\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(2)(B).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Pursuant to Section 19(b)(2)(B) of the Act,\83\ the Commission is
providing notice of the grounds for disapproval under consideration. In
particular, Section 6(b)(5) of the Act \84\ requires that the rules of
a national securities exchange be designed, among other things, to
prevent fraudulent and manipulative acts and practices, to promote just
and equitable principles of trade, to foster cooperation and
coordination with persons engaged in regulating, clearing, settling,
processing information with respect to, and facilitating transactions
in securities, to remove impediments to and perfect the mechanism of a
free and open market and a national market system, and, in general, to
protect investors and the public interest; and not be designed to
permit unfair discrimination between customers, issuers, brokers, or
dealers.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\83\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(2)(B).
\84\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
As discussed above, Nasdaq's accommodation proposal would amend its
existing Rule 4626 to provide $62 million to compensate certain types
of claims arising in connection with the Facebook IPO Cross on May 18,
2012. Further, as proposed, a Nasdaq member must execute a release of
all claims by the member or its affiliates against Nasdaq or its
affiliates for losses that arise out of, are associated with, or relate
in any way to the Facebook IPO Cross or to any actions or omissions
related in any way to that Cross in order to receive any payment under
proposed Nasdaq Rule 4626(b)(3). The concerns articulated by
commenters, including the limited categories of claims eligible for
compensation, the method of determining losses for certain categories
of eligible claims, and the requirement that a member waive all claims
against
[[Page 66202]]
Nasdaq or its affiliates for losses that relate to the Facebook IPO
Cross, raise questions about whether the accommodation proposal would
promote just and equitable principles of trade, protect investors and
the public interest, and not be designed to permit unfair
discrimination between market participants.\85\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\85\ See supra Sections III.A.-C.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Accordingly, in light of the concerns raised by commenters, the
Commission believes that questions are raised as to whether Nasdaq's
accommodation proposal is consistent with the requirements of Section
6(b)(5) of the Act, including whether the accommodation proposal would
promote just and equitable principles of trade, protect investors and
the public interest, and not be designed to permit unfair
discrimination between customers, issuers, brokers, or dealers.
V. Procedure: Request for Written Comments
The Commission requests that interested persons provide written
submissions of their views, data, and arguments with respect to the
concerns identified above, as well as any other concerns they may have
with the accommodation proposal. In particular, the Commission invites
the written views of interested persons concerning whether the
accommodation proposal is consistent with Section 6(b)(5) \86\ or any
other provision of the Act, or the rules and regulations thereunder.
Although there do not appear to be any issues relevant to approval or
disapproval which would be facilitated by an oral presentation of
views, data, and arguments, the Commission will consider, pursuant to
Rule 19b-4, any request for an opportunity to make an oral
presentation.\87\
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\86\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).
\87\ Section 19(b)(2) of the Act, as amended by the Securities
Acts Amendments of 1975, Public Law 94-29 (June 4, 1975), grants the
Commission flexibility to determine what type of proceeding--either
oral or notice and opportunity for written comments--is appropriate
for consideration of a particular proposal by a self-regulatory
organization. See Securities Act Amendments of 1975, Senate Comm. on
Banking, Housing & Urban Affairs, S. Reps. No. 75, 94th Cong., 1st
Sess. 30 (1975).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Interested persons are invited to submit written data, views, and
arguments regarding whether the accommodation proposal should be
approved or disapproved by November 23, 2012. Any person who wishes to
file a rebuttal to any other person's submission must file that
rebuttal by December 7, 2012. Comments may be submitted by any of the
following methods:
Electronic Comments
Use the Commission's Internet comment form (https://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml); or
Send an email to rule-comments@sec.gov. Please include
File Number SR-NASDAQ-2012-090 on the subject line.
Paper Comments
Send paper comments in triplicate to Elizabeth M. Murphy,
Secretary, Securities and Exchange Commission, 100 F Street NE.,
Washington, DC 20549-1090.
All submissions should refer to File Number SR-NASDAQ-2012-090. This
file number should be included on the subject line if email is used. To
help the Commission process and review your comments more efficiently,
please use only one method. The Commission will post all comments on
the Commission's Internet Web site (https://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml). Copies of the submission, all subsequent amendments, all
written statements with respect to the accommodation proposal that are
filed with the Commission, and all written communications relating to
the accommodation proposal between the Commission and any person, other
than those that may be withheld from the public in accordance with the
provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be available for Web site viewing and
printing in the Commission's Public Reference Room, 100 F Street NE.,
Washington, DC 20549, on official business days between the hours of
10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. Copies of such filings also will be available
for inspection and copying at the principal office of the Exchange. All
comments received will be posted without change; the Commission does
not edit personal identifying information from submissions. You should
submit only information that you wish to make available publicly. All
submissions should refer to File Number SR-NASDAQ-2012-090 and should
be submitted on or before November 23, 2012. Rebuttal comments should
be submitted by December 7, 2012.
For the Commission, by the Division of Trading and Markets,
pursuant to delegated authority.\88\
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\88\ 17 CFR 200.30-3(a)(57).
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Kevin M. O'Neill,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2012-26857 Filed 11-1-12; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011-01-P