Make Inoperative Exemptions; Retrofit On-Off Switches for Air Bags, 52619-52623 [2012-21468]
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Federal Register / Vol. 77, No. 169 / Thursday, August 30, 2012 / Rules and Regulations
(5) Implementation of Mobility Fund
Phase II Required. In the event that the
implementation of Mobility Fund Phase
II has not occurred by June 30, 2014,
competitive eligible
telecommunications carriers will
continue to receive support at the level
described in paragraph (e)(2)(iii) of this
section until Mobility Fund Phase II is
implemented. In the event that Mobility
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implemented by June 30, 2014,
competitive eligible
telecommunications carriers serving
Tribal lands shall continue to receive
support at the level described in
paragraph (e)(2)(iii) of this section until
Mobility Fund Phase II for Tribal lands
is implemented, except that competitive
eligible telecommunications carriers
serving remote areas in Alaska and
subject to paragraph (e)(3) of this section
shall continue to receive support at the
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*
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[FR Doc. 2012–21314 Filed 8–29–12; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6712–01–P
Highway Traffic Safety Administration,
U.S. Department of Transportation, 1200
New Jersey Avenue SE., West Building,
Washington, DC 20590.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
For non-legal issues: Ms. Carla Rush,
Office of Crashworthiness Standards,
National Highway Traffic Safety
Administration, 1200 New Jersey
Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20590
(telephone 202–366–1740, fax 202–
493–2739).
For legal issues: Mr. William Shakely,
Office of the Chief Counsel, National
Highway Traffic Safety
Administration, 1200 New Jersey
Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20590
(telephone 202–366–2992, fax 202–
366–3820).
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Table of Contents
I. Background
II. NPRM Summary
III. Discussion of Comments and Agency
Decision
IV. Rulemaking Analyses and Notices
I. Background 1
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
National Highway Traffic Safety
Administration
49 CFR Part 595
[Docket No. NHTSA–2012–0078]
RIN 2127–AL19
Make Inoperative Exemptions; Retrofit
On-Off Switches for Air Bags
National Highway Traffic
Safety Administration (NHTSA),
Department of Transportation (DOT).
ACTION: Final rule.
AGENCY:
NHTSA has a regulation that
permits motor vehicle dealers and repair
businesses to install retrofit on-off
switches for air bags in vehicles owned
by or used by persons whose request for
a switch has been approved by the
agency. This regulation is only available
for motor vehicles manufactured before
September 1, 2012. This document
extends the availability of this
regulation for three additional years, so
that it applies to motor vehicles
manufactured before September 1, 2015.
DATES: Effective Date: This rule is
effective August 30, 2012. Petitions:
Petitions for reconsideration must be
received by October 15, 2012.
ADDRESSES: Any petitions for
reconsideration should refer to the
docket number of this document and be
submitted to: Administrator, National
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SUMMARY:
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To prevent or mitigate the risk of
injuries or fatalities in frontal crashes,
Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard
(FMVSS) No. 208, ‘‘Occupant crash
protection’’ (49 CFR 571.208), requires
that vehicles be equipped with seat belts
and frontal air bags.
In the 1990s, while air bags proved to
be highly effective in reducing fatalities
from frontal crashes, they were found to
cause a small number of fatalities,
especially to unrestrained, out-ofposition children, in relatively low
speed crashes.2 To address this
problem, NHTSA developed a plan that
included an array of immediate, interim
and long-term measures. As one of the
interim measures, on November 21,
1997, NHTSA published in the Federal
Register (62 FR 62406) a final rule
permitting motor vehicle dealers and
repair businesses to install retrofit on-off
switches for frontal air bags in vehicles
owned by or used by persons whose
request for a switch had been approved
by the agency (subpart B of 49 CFR Part
595). This rule provided a limited
exemption from a statutory provision
that generally prohibits motor vehicle
dealers and repair businesses from
making inoperative any part of a device
or element of design installed on or in
a motor vehicle or motor vehicle
1 For a more detailed discussion, see the June 8,
2012 Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (77 FR 33998).
2 See preamble to agency final rule on advanced
air bags, 65 FR 30680, 30682–83, May 12, 2000.
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52619
equipment in compliance with an
applicable FMVSS.3
Under the procedures set forth in the
1997 rule, vehicle owners can request a
retrofit air bag on-off switch by
completing an agency request form
(Appendix B of Part 595) and submitting
the form to the agency. Owners must
certify that they have read the
information brochure, in Appendix A of
Part 595, discussing air bag safety and
risks. The brochure describes the steps
that the vast majority of people can take
to minimize the risk of serious injuries
from air bags while preserving the
benefits of air bags, without going to the
expense of buying an on-off switch. The
agency developed the brochure to
enable owners to determine whether
they are, or a user of their vehicle is, in
one of the groups of people at risk of a
serious air bag injury and to make a
careful, informed decision about
requesting an on-off switch.4 Owners
also must certify that they or another
user of their vehicle is a member of one
of the risk groups. Since the risk groups
for drivers are different from those for
passengers, a separate certification must
be made on the request form for each
frontal air bag to be equipped with a
retrofit air bag on-off switch.
If NHTSA approves a request, the
agency will send the owner a letter
authorizing the installation of one or
more on-off switches in the owner’s
vehicle. The owner may give the
authorization letter to a dealer or repair
business, which may then install an onoff switch for the driver or passenger air
bag or both, as approved by the agency.
The retrofit air bag on-off switch must
meet certain criteria, such as being
equipped with a telltale light to alert
vehicle occupants when an air bag has
been turned off. The dealer or repair
3 The ‘‘make inoperative’’ provision is at 49
U.S.C. 30122.
4 At NHTSA’s request, an expert panel of
physicians convened to formulate
recommendations on specific medical indications
for air bag deactivation. The panel concluded that
air bags are effective lifesavers and that a medical
condition does not warrant turning off an air bag
unless the condition makes it impossible for a
person to maintain an adequate distance from the
air bag. Specifically, the panel recommended
disconnecting an air bag if a safe sitting distance or
position cannot be maintained by a: driver or front
passenger because of scoliosis, osteoporosis/
arthritis; driver because of achondroplasia; or
passenger because of Down syndrome and
atlantoaxial instability. The panel also warranted
the disconnection of air bags if the need for
wheelchair related modifications made it necessary
or if there is a medical condition that requires an
infant or child to be placed in the front passenger
seat for monitoring purposes. (The Ronald Reagan
Institute of Emergency Medicine Department of
Emergency Medicine and The National Crash
Analysis Center, ‘‘National Conference on Medical
Indications for Air Bag Disconnection,’’ July 16–18,
1997.)
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business must then fill in information
about itself and its installation in a form
in the letter and return the form to the
agency.
On May 12, 2000, NHTSA published
in the Federal Register (65 FR 30680) its
final rule to require advanced frontal air
bags. The rule required that future air
bags be designed to reduce the risk of
serious air bag-induced injuries
compared to then-current air bags,
particularly for small-statured women
and young children; and provide
improved frontal crash protection for all
occupants, by means that include
advanced air bag technology.
In the preamble to the May 2000
advanced air bag final rule, the agency
decided to continue the exemption
procedures for retrofit air bag on-off
switches for vehicles manufactured
through August 31, 2012. This provided
time to allow manufacturers to perfect
the suppression and low-risk
deployment systems for air bags in all
of their vehicles. It also provided a
number of years to verify the reliability
of advanced air bags based on realworld experience.
NHTSA also indicated in the
advanced air bag final rule that there
would be a need for deactivation of
some sort (via on-off switch or
permanently) for at-risk individuals
who cannot be accommodated through
sensors or other suppression technology
(such as individuals with disabilities or
certain medical conditions). The agency
stated at that time that it believed such
needs could be best accommodated
through the authorization system for
deactivation of air bags in current use by
NHTSA (65 FR at 30722).
In addition to the exemption provided
by subpart B of Part 595, on February
27, 2001, NHTSA published a final rule
in the Federal Register (66 FR 12638)
providing a limited exemption from the
make inoperative prohibition covering
various provisions in a number of safety
standards, to facilitate the mobility of
persons with disabilities. This disability
exemption, which is in subpart C of Part
595, permits the installation of air bag
on-off switches or the permanent
disconnection of air bags in certain,
significantly more limited
circumstances than provided for in
subpart B of that part. However, unlike
subpart B, prior agency approval is not
required for an exemption under
subpart C.
II. NPRM Summary
On June 8, 2012, the agency published
a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking
(NPRM) to extend the availability of the
existing regulation (Subpart B of 49 CFR
part 595) that permits motor vehicle
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dealers and repair businesses to install
retrofit on-off switches for air bags in
vehicles owned by or used by persons
whose request for a switch has been
approved by the agency. The proposed
extension was for three additional years,
so that it would apply to motor vehicles
manufactured before September 1, 2015
(77 FR 33998; Docket No. NHTSA–
2012–0078).
The NPRM stated that the agency
plans to use the three-year extension to
evaluate several aspects of the
regulation. Specifically, the agency
would evaluate the criteria for granting
the retrofit on-off switches (at-risk
groups) in light of the existence of
advanced air bag technology and the
retrofit switch brochures and forms that
were included in Part 595. The agency
would also consider other topics that
have arisen over the years such as our
continued use of prosecutorial
discretion for circumstances not covered
by Part 595 (e.g., the application of
retrofit switches for emergency and law
enforcement vehicles).
The NPRM also explained that given
the imminence of the September 1, 2012
date, it would not be possible for the
agency to complete the necessary
evaluation and possible rulemaking
before that time, and the extension
would avoid any gap in the availability
of the retrofit on-off air bag switches
while the agency considers further
rulemaking that could permanently
allow such switches in specified
circumstances. The agency expects to be
able to fully analyze the issues
surrounding such a rulemaking within
these three additional years.
III. Discussion of Comments and
Agency Decision
The comment period for the NPRM
closed on July 9, 2012. The agency
received two comments. Advocates for
Highway and Auto Safety (Advocates)
supported the proposed extension.5
Advocates stated that although advances
in air bag design and other vehicle
safety systems have minimized the need
for air bag on-off switches, the
organization recognized a continuing
need for on-off switches to
accommodate certain at-risk individuals
who could not be accommodated by
current technologies, including
individuals with disabilities or certain
medical conditions, as well as younger
passengers in child restraint systems in
vehicles without rear seats. Advocates
asserted that a three-year extension of
the exemption procedures to allow
timely review of the regulation by the
agency will pose minimal risk and
permit the regulation to be updated to
reflect state-of-the-art safety technology.
The National Automobile Dealer
Association (NADA), an organization
representing automobile and truck
dealers, urged NHTSA to conduct a
more expeditious evaluation of the air
bag on-off exemption regulation than
the three-year period proposed in the
NPRM.6 NADA asserted that it should
not take NHTSA long to conduct an
analysis of the number and nature of
switch installation and air bag
deactivation requests received since the
regulation was promulgated. NADA
cited anecdotal evidence that
information requests submitted to
NADA by dealerships regarding the air
bag on-off exemption have dropped to
near zero. NADA asserted that this
evidence indicated a drop in demand
for retrofit on-off switches and air bag
deactivations consistent with the rate at
which advanced air bags and switchequipped two-passenger vehicles have
penetrated the market.
The agency has considered NADA’s
comments urging a more expeditious
evaluation period than the three year
period proposed in the NPRM.
However, the agency declines to adopt
NADA’s suggestion. NADA’s reasoning
is that a review of the number and
nature of requests for exemptions
should not take long, asserting that the
organization’s anecdotal evidence
indicates a drop in demand for such
exemptions.
First, the agency would like to
emphasize that the demand for retrofit
switches is certainly a factor that the
agency will consider as we evaluate
subpart B of part 595, but it is not the
only factor the agency will be
examining. We will also reexamine the
at-risk groups in light of advanced air
bag technology, the brochures and forms
included in Part 595, and the need for
the continued use of prosecutorial
discretion for circumstances not covered
by Part 595, among other things.
Accordingly, the time needed to
examine the demand for retrofit on-off
switches does not reflect the total time
needed to evaluate the issue.
Additionally, as explained in the
NPRM, the three-year extension period
is intended not only to provide the
agency time to evaluate this issue, but
to potentially conduct rulemaking to
update subpart B. Finally, NADA did
not describe any benefits that would
result from a shorter extension period or
any consequences associated with the
three-year period proposed in the
5 Advocates Comment, Docket No. NHTSA–2012–
0078–0002.
6 NADA Comment, Docket No. NHTSA–2012–
0078–0003.
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NPRM. Therefore, for the reasons
expressed in the NPRM, this final rule
adopts the three-year extension period
proposed in the NPRM and amends
Subpart B of 49 CFR Part 595 to extend
the availability of retrofit on-off
switches for air bags so that it will apply
to motor vehicles manufactured before
September 1, 2015.
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IV. Rulemaking Analyses and Notices
A. Executive Order (E.O.) 12866, E.O.
13563, and DOT Regulatory Policies and
Procedures
NHTSA has considered the impact of
this rulemaking action under Executive
Orders 12866 and 13563, and the
Department of Transportation’s
regulatory policies and procedures (44
FR 11034 (Feb. 26, 1979)). This action
was not reviewed by the Office of
Management and Budget under these
executive orders. It is not considered to
be significant under the Department’s
regulatory policies and procedures.
This document delays the sunset date
of an existing exemption for retrofit onoff switches for frontal air bags. They
are currently available, under specified
circumstances, for vehicles
manufactured before September 1, 2012.
We are extending that date so that they
will be available for vehicles
manufactured before September 1, 2015.
This final rule does not require a
motor vehicle manufacturer, dealer or
repair business to take any action or
bear any costs except in instances in
which a dealer or repair business agrees
to install an on-off switch for an air bag.
For consumers, the purchasing and
installation of on-off switches is
permissive, not prescriptive.
When an eligible consumer obtains
the agency’s authorization for the
installation of a retrofit on-off switch
and a dealer or repair business agrees to
install the switch, there will be costs
associated with that action. The agency
estimates that the installation of an onoff switch would typically require less
than one hour of shop time, at the
average national labor rate of
approximately $80 per hour. NHTSA
estimates that the cost of an air bag onoff switch for one seating position is $51
to $84 and the cost of an on-off switch
for two seating positions is $68 to $101.
The agency estimates that
approximately 500 air bag on-off switch
requests are received and authorized
annually. However, we are uncertain
about how many people actually pay to
get them installed after we authorize it.
Given the relatively low number of
vehicle owners who will ultimately get
the retrofit air bag on-off switches
installed and the above estimated costs,
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the annual net economic impact of the
actions taken under this final rule will
not exceed $100 million per year.
Moreover, given the above, the fact
that this has been a longstanding
exemption available for consumers and
since the agency is merely extending the
availability of this exemption for an
additional three years of vehicle
production, the impacts are so minimal
that a full regulatory evaluation is not
needed.
B. Regulatory Flexibility Act
Pursuant to the Regulatory Flexibility
Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq., as amended by
the Small Business Regulatory
Enforcement Fairness Act (SBREFA) of
1996), whenever an agency is required
to publish a notice of proposed
rulemaking or final rule, it must prepare
and make available for public comment
a regulatory flexibility analysis that
describes the effect of the rule on small
entities (i.e., small businesses, small
organizations, and small governmental
jurisdictions). The Small Business
Administration’s regulations at 13 CFR
part 121 define a small business, in part,
as a business entity ‘‘which operates
primarily within the United States.’’ (13
CFR 121.105(a)). No regulatory
flexibility analysis is required if the
head of an agency certifies the proposal
will not have a significant economic
impact on a substantial number of small
entities. SBREFA amended the
Regulatory Flexibility Act to require
Federal agencies to provide a statement
of the factual basis for certifying that a
proposal will not have a significant
economic impact on a substantial
number of small entities.
I hereby certify that this final rule will
not have a significant economic impact
on a substantial number of small
entities. This final rule would merely
extend the sunset provision in Subpart
B of Part 595. No other changes are
being made in this document. Small
organizations and small governmental
units will not be significantly affected
since the potential cost impacts
associated with this action will be
insignificant.
C. Executive Order 13132 (Federalism)
NHTSA has examined today’s rule
pursuant to Executive Order 13132 (64
FR 43255, August 10, 1999) and
concluded that no additional
consultation with States, local
governments or their representatives is
mandated beyond the rulemaking
process. The agency has concluded that
the rulemaking does not have sufficient
federalism implications to warrant
consultation with State and local
officials or the preparation of a
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federalism summary impact statement.
The final rule does not have
‘‘substantial direct effects on the States,
on the relationship between the national
government and the States, or on the
distribution of power and
responsibilities among the various
levels of government.’’ Today’s final
rule does not impose any additional
requirements. Instead, it delays the
sunset date of an existing exemption for
retrofit on-off switches for frontal air
bags, thereby lessening burdens on the
exempted entities.
NHTSA rules can preempt in two
ways. First, the National Traffic and
Motor Vehicle Safety Act contains an
express preemption provision: when a
motor vehicle safety standard is in effect
under this chapter, a State or a political
subdivision of a State may prescribe or
continue in effect a standard applicable
to the same aspect of performance of a
motor vehicle or motor vehicle
equipment only if the standard is
identical to the standard prescribed
under this chapter. 49 U.S.C.
30103(b)(1). It is this statutory command
by Congress that preempts any nonidentical State legislative and
administrative law addressing the same
aspect of performance. This provision is
not relevant to this final rule as this
final rule does not involve the
establishing, amending or revoking of a
Federal motor vehicle safety standard.
However, general principles of
preemption law could apply so as to
displace any conflicting state law or
regulations. We are unaware of any
State law or action that would prohibit
the actions that this exemption would
permit.
This second way that NHTSA rules
can preempt is dependent upon there
being an actual conflict between a
NHTSA regulation and the higher
standard that would effectively be
imposed on regulated entities if
someone obtained a State common law
tort judgment against a regulated entity,
notwithstanding the regulated entity’s
compliance with the NHTSA regulation.
Because most NHTSA standards
established by an FMVSS are minimum
standards, a State common law tort
cause of action that seeks to impose a
higher standard on regulated entities
will generally not be preempted.
However, if and when such a conflict
does exist—for example, when the
standard at issue is both a minimum
and a maximum standard—the State
common law tort cause of action is
impliedly preempted. See Geier v.
American Honda Motor Co., 529 U.S.
861 (2000).
Although this final rule does not
establish, amend, or revoke an FMVSS,
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NHTSA has considered, pursuant to
Executive Orders 13132 and 12988,
whether this final rule could or should
preempt State common law causes of
action. The agency’s ability to announce
its conclusion regarding the preemptive
effect of one of its rules reduces the
likelihood that preemption will be an
issue in any subsequent tort litigation.
To this end, the agency has examined
the nature (e.g., the language and
structure of the regulatory text) and
objectives of today’s final rule and finds
that this final rule would increase
flexibility for certain exempted entities.
As such, NHTSA does not intend that
this final rule would preempt state tort
law that would effectively impose a
higher standard on regulated entities
than that would be established by
today’s rule. Establishment of a higher
standard by means of State tort law
would not conflict with the exemption.
Without any conflict, there could not be
any implied preemption of a State
common law tort cause of action.
D. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
The Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
of 1995 (UMRA) requires Federal
agencies to prepare a written assessment
of the costs, benefits and other effects of
proposed or final rules that include a
Federal mandate likely to result in the
expenditure by State, local or tribal
governments, in the aggregate, or by the
private sector, of more than $100
million annually (adjusted annually for
inflation, with base year of 1995).
UMRA also requires an agency issuing
a final rule subject to the Act to select
the ‘‘least costly, most cost-effective or
least burdensome alternative that
achieves the objectives of the rule.’’ This
final rule will not result in a Federal
mandate that will likely result in the
expenditure by State, local or tribal
governments, in the aggregate, or by the
private sector, of more than $100
million annually (adjusted annually for
inflation, with base year of 1995).
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E. National Environmental Policy Act
NHTSA has analyzed this final rule
for the purposes of the National
Environmental Policy Act. The agency
has determined that implementation of
this action will not have any significant
impact on the quality of the human
environment.
F. Executive Order 12778 (Civil Justice
Reform)
When promulgating a regulation,
agencies are required under Executive
Order 12988 to make every reasonable
effort to ensure that the regulation, as
appropriate: (1) Specifies in clear
language the preemptive effect; (2)
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specifies in clear language the effect on
existing Federal law or regulation,
including all provisions repealed,
circumscribed, displaced, impaired, or
modified; (3) provides a clear legal
standard for affected conduct rather
than a general standard, while
promoting simplification and burden
reduction; (4) specifies in clear language
the retroactive effect; (5) specifies
whether administrative proceedings are
to be required before parties may file
suit in court; (6) explicitly or implicitly
defines key terms; and (7) addresses
other important issues affecting clarity
and general draftsmanship of
regulations.
Pursuant to this Order, NHTSA notes
as follows. The preemptive effect of this
final rule is discussed above. NHTSA
notes further that there is no
requirement that individuals submit a
petition for reconsideration or pursue
other administrative proceeding before
they may file suit in court.
G. Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA)
Under the Paperwork Reduction Act
of 1995, a person is not required to
respond to a collection of information
by a Federal agency unless the
collection displays a valid OMB control
number. Several of the conditions
placed by this exemption from the make
inoperative prohibition are considered
to be information collection
requirements as defined by the OMB in
5 CFR part 1320. Specifically, this
exemption from the make inoperative
prohibition for motor vehicle dealers
and repair businesses is conditioned
upon vehicle owners filling out and
submitting a request form to the agency,
obtaining an authorization letter from
the agency and then presenting the
letter to a dealer or repair business. The
exemption is also conditioned upon the
dealer or repair business filling in
information about itself and the
installation of the retrofit on-off switch
in the form provided for that purpose in
the authorization letter and then
returning the form to NHTSA. These
information collection requirements in
Part 595 have been approved by OMB
(OMB Control No. 2127–0588) through
June 30, 2013, pursuant to the
requirements of the Paperwork
Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq).
NHTSA will request an extension of this
approval in a timely manner.
H. National Technology Transfer and
Advancement Act
Under the National Technology
Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995
(NTTAA) (Pub. L. 104–113), all Federal
agencies and departments shall use
technical standards that are developed
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or adopted by voluntary consensus
standards bodies, using such technical
standards as a means to carry out policy
objectives or activities determined by
the agencies and departments.
Voluntary consensus standards are
technical standards (e.g., materials
specifications, test methods, sampling
procedures, and business practices) that
are developed or adopted by voluntary
consensus standards bodies, such as the
International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) and the Society of
Automotive Engineers (SAE). The
NTTAA directs us to provide Congress,
through OMB, explanations when we
decide not to use available and
applicable voluntary consensus
standards. There are no voluntary
consensus standards developed by
voluntary consensus standards bodies
pertaining to this rule.
I. Plain Language
Executive Order 12866 requires each
agency to write all rules in plain
language. Application of the principles
of plain language includes consideration
of the following questions:
• Have we organized the material to
suit the public’s needs?
• Are the requirements in the rule
clearly stated?
• Does the rule contain technical
language or jargon that isn’t clear?
• Would a different format (grouping
and order of sections, use of headings,
paragraphing) make the rule easier to
understand?
• Would more (but shorter) sections
be better?
• Could we improve clarity by adding
tables, lists, or diagrams?
• What else could we do to make the
rule easier to understand?
NHTSA has considered these
questions and attempted to use plain
language in promulgating this final rule.
J. Regulation Identifier Number (RIN)
The Department of Transportation
assigns a regulation identifier number
(RIN) to each regulatory action listed in
the Unified Agenda of Federal
Regulations. The Regulatory Information
Service Center publishes the Unified
Agenda in April and October of each
year. You may use the RIN contained in
the heading at the beginning of this
document to find this action in the
Unified Agenda.
K. Privacy Act
Petitions for reconsideration will be
placed in the docket. Anyone is able to
search the electronic form of all
petitions received into any of our
dockets by the name of the individual
submitting the petition (or signing the
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petition, if submitted on behalf of an
association, business, labor union, etc.).
You may review DOT’s complete
Privacy Act Statement in the Federal
Register published on April 11, 2000
(Volume 65, Number 70; Pages 19477–
78).
List of Subjects in 49 CFR Part 595
Imports, Motor vehicle safety, Motor
vehicles.
In consideration of the foregoing,
NHTSA is amending 49 CFR part 595 as
follows:
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 322, 30111, 30115,
30117, 30122 and 30166; delegation of
authority at 49 CFR 1.50.
2. Amend § 595.5 by revising
paragraph (a) to read as follows:
■
Requirements.
(a) Beginning January 19, 1998, a
dealer or motor vehicle repair business
may modify a motor vehicle
manufactured before September 1, 2015,
by installing an on-off switch that
allows an occupant of the vehicle to
turn off an air bag in that vehicle,
subject to the conditions in paragraphs
(b)(1) through (5) of this section.
*
*
*
*
*
Issued on: August 24, 2012.
David L. Strickland,
Administrator.
[FR Doc. 2012–21468 Filed 8–29–12; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910–59–P
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration
50 CFR Part 622
[Docket No. 001005281–0369–02]
RIN 0648–XC196
Fisheries of the Caribbean, Gulf of
Mexico, and South Atlantic; Coastal
Migratory Pelagic Resources of the
Gulf of Mexico and South Atlantic; Trip
Limit Reduction
National Marine Fisheries
Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA),
Commerce.
ACTION: Temporary rule; trip limit
reduction.
erowe on DSK2VPTVN1PROD with
VerDate Mar<15>2010
16:29 Aug 29, 2012
Jkt 226001
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
The
fishery for coastal migratory pelagic fish
(king mackerel, Spanish mackerel, and
cobia) is managed under the Fishery
Management Plan for the Coastal
Migratory Pelagic Resources of the Gulf
of Mexico and South Atlantic (FMP).
The FMP was prepared by the Gulf of
Mexico and South Atlantic Fishery
Management Councils (Councils) and is
implemented under the authority of the
Magnuson-Stevens Fishery
Conservation and Management Act
(Magnuson-Stevens Act) by regulations
at 50 CFR part 622.
On April 27, 2000, NMFS
implemented the final rule (65 FR
16336, March 28, 2000) that divided the
king mackerel Gulf migratory group’s
Florida west coast subzone of the Gulf
eastern zone into northern and
southern subzones, and established
their separate quotas. The quota for the
northern Florida west coast subzone is
197,064 lb (89,397 kg) (50 CFR
622.42(c)(1)(i)(A)(2)(ii)).
The regulations at 50 CFR
622.44(a)(2)(ii)(B)(2), provide that when
75 percent of the northern Florida west
coast subzone’s quota has been
harvested until a closure of the subzone
has been effected or the fishing year
ends, king mackerel in or from the EEZ
may be possessed on board or landed
from a permitted vessel in amounts not
exceeding 500 lb (227 kg) per day.
NMFS has projected that 75 percent of
the quota for Gulf group king mackerel
from the northern Florida west coast
subzone will be reached by August 30,
2012. Accordingly, a 500-lb (227-kg) trip
limit applies to vessels in the
commercial sector for king mackerel in
or from the EEZ in the northern Florida
west coast subzone effective 12:01 a.m.,
local time, August 30, 2012. The 500-lb
(227-kg) trip limit will remain in effect
until the fishery closes or until the end
of the current fishing year (June 30,
2013), whichever occurs first.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
1. The authority citation for part 595
continues to read as follows:
■
AGENCY:
This rule is effective 12:01 a.m.,
local time, August 30, 2012, through
June 30, 2013, unless changed by further
notice in the Federal Register.
DATES:
Susan Gerhart, telephone: 727–824–
5305, email: susan.gerhart@noaa.gov.
PART 595—MAKE INOPERATIVE
EXEMPTIONS
§ 595.5
NMFS reduces the trip limit
for the commercial sector of king
mackerel in the eastern zone of the Gulf
of Mexico (Gulf) in the northern Florida
west coast subzone to 500 lb (227 kg) of
king mackerel per day in or from the
exclusive economic zone (EEZ). This
trip limit reduction is necessary to
protect the Gulf king mackerel resource.
SUMMARY:
PO 00000
Frm 00037
Fmt 4700
Sfmt 4700
52623
The Florida west coast subzone is that
part of the eastern zone located south
and west of 25°20.4′ N. lat. (a line
directly east from the Miami-Dade/
Monroe County, FL boundary) along the
west coast of Florida to 87°31.1′ W.
long. (a line directly south from the
Alabama/Florida boundary). The
Florida west coast subzone is further
divided into northern and southern
subzones. The northern subzone is that
part of the Florida west coast subzone
that is between 26°19.8′ N. lat. (a line
directly west from the Lee/Collier
County, FL boundary) and 87°31.1′ W.
long. (a line directly south from the
Alabama/Florida boundary).
Classification
This action responds to the best
available information recently obtained
from the fishery. The Assistant
Administrator for Fisheries, NOAA,
(AA), finds that the need to immediately
implement this trip limit reduction for
the commercial sector constitutes good
cause to waive the requirements to
provide prior notice and opportunity for
public comment pursuant to the
authority set forth in 5 U.S.C. 553(b)(B),
as such procedures would be
unnecessary and contrary to the public
interest. Such procedures would be
unnecessary because the rule itself
already has been subject to notice and
comment, and all that remains is to
notify the public of the trip limit
reduction.
Allowing prior notice and
opportunity for public comment is
contrary to the public interest because
the capacity of the fishing fleet allows
for rapid harvest of the quota. Prior
notice and opportunity for public
comment could result in a harvest well
in excess of the established quota.
Immediate implementation of this
action is needed to protect the fishery.
For the aforementioned reasons, the
AA also finds good cause to waive the
30-day delay in effectiveness of this
action under 5 U.S.C. 553(d)(3).
This action is taken under 50 CFR
622.43(a) and is exempt from review
under Executive Order 12866.
Authority: 16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.
Dated: August 27, 2012.
Lindsay Fullenkamp,
Acting Deputy Director, Office of Sustainable
Fisheries, National Marine Fisheries Service.
[FR Doc. 2012–21426 Filed 8–27–12; 4:15 pm]
BILLING CODE 3510–22–P
E:\FR\FM\30AUR1.SGM
30AUR1
Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 77, Number 169 (Thursday, August 30, 2012)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 52619-52623]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2012-21468]
=======================================================================
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
49 CFR Part 595
[Docket No. NHTSA-2012-0078]
RIN 2127-AL19
Make Inoperative Exemptions; Retrofit On-Off Switches for Air
Bags
AGENCY: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA),
Department of Transportation (DOT).
ACTION: Final rule.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: NHTSA has a regulation that permits motor vehicle dealers and
repair businesses to install retrofit on-off switches for air bags in
vehicles owned by or used by persons whose request for a switch has
been approved by the agency. This regulation is only available for
motor vehicles manufactured before September 1, 2012. This document
extends the availability of this regulation for three additional years,
so that it applies to motor vehicles manufactured before September 1,
2015.
DATES: Effective Date: This rule is effective August 30, 2012.
Petitions: Petitions for reconsideration must be received by October
15, 2012.
ADDRESSES: Any petitions for reconsideration should refer to the docket
number of this document and be submitted to: Administrator, National
Highway Traffic Safety Administration, U.S. Department of
Transportation, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE., West Building, Washington,
DC 20590.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
For non-legal issues: Ms. Carla Rush, Office of Crashworthiness
Standards, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 1200 New
Jersey Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20590 (telephone 202-366-1740, fax
202-493-2739).
For legal issues: Mr. William Shakely, Office of the Chief Counsel,
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 1200 New Jersey Avenue
SE., Washington, DC 20590 (telephone 202-366-2992, fax 202-366-3820).
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Table of Contents
I. Background
II. NPRM Summary
III. Discussion of Comments and Agency Decision
IV. Rulemaking Analyses and Notices
I. Background \1\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ For a more detailed discussion, see the June 8, 2012 Notice
of Proposed Rulemaking (77 FR 33998).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
To prevent or mitigate the risk of injuries or fatalities in
frontal crashes, Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) No. 208,
``Occupant crash protection'' (49 CFR 571.208), requires that vehicles
be equipped with seat belts and frontal air bags.
In the 1990s, while air bags proved to be highly effective in
reducing fatalities from frontal crashes, they were found to cause a
small number of fatalities, especially to unrestrained, out-of-position
children, in relatively low speed crashes.\2\ To address this problem,
NHTSA developed a plan that included an array of immediate, interim and
long-term measures. As one of the interim measures, on November 21,
1997, NHTSA published in the Federal Register (62 FR 62406) a final
rule permitting motor vehicle dealers and repair businesses to install
retrofit on-off switches for frontal air bags in vehicles owned by or
used by persons whose request for a switch had been approved by the
agency (subpart B of 49 CFR Part 595). This rule provided a limited
exemption from a statutory provision that generally prohibits motor
vehicle dealers and repair businesses from making inoperative any part
of a device or element of design installed on or in a motor vehicle or
motor vehicle equipment in compliance with an applicable FMVSS.\3\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\2\ See preamble to agency final rule on advanced air bags, 65
FR 30680, 30682-83, May 12, 2000.
\3\ The ``make inoperative'' provision is at 49 U.S.C. 30122.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Under the procedures set forth in the 1997 rule, vehicle owners can
request a retrofit air bag on-off switch by completing an agency
request form (Appendix B of Part 595) and submitting the form to the
agency. Owners must certify that they have read the information
brochure, in Appendix A of Part 595, discussing air bag safety and
risks. The brochure describes the steps that the vast majority of
people can take to minimize the risk of serious injuries from air bags
while preserving the benefits of air bags, without going to the expense
of buying an on-off switch. The agency developed the brochure to enable
owners to determine whether they are, or a user of their vehicle is, in
one of the groups of people at risk of a serious air bag injury and to
make a careful, informed decision about requesting an on-off switch.\4\
Owners also must certify that they or another user of their vehicle is
a member of one of the risk groups. Since the risk groups for drivers
are different from those for passengers, a separate certification must
be made on the request form for each frontal air bag to be equipped
with a retrofit air bag on-off switch.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\4\ At NHTSA's request, an expert panel of physicians convened
to formulate recommendations on specific medical indications for air
bag deactivation. The panel concluded that air bags are effective
lifesavers and that a medical condition does not warrant turning off
an air bag unless the condition makes it impossible for a person to
maintain an adequate distance from the air bag. Specifically, the
panel recommended disconnecting an air bag if a safe sitting
distance or position cannot be maintained by a: driver or front
passenger because of scoliosis, osteoporosis/arthritis; driver
because of achondroplasia; or passenger because of Down syndrome and
atlantoaxial instability. The panel also warranted the disconnection
of air bags if the need for wheelchair related modifications made it
necessary or if there is a medical condition that requires an infant
or child to be placed in the front passenger seat for monitoring
purposes. (The Ronald Reagan Institute of Emergency Medicine
Department of Emergency Medicine and The National Crash Analysis
Center, ``National Conference on Medical Indications for Air Bag
Disconnection,'' July 16-18, 1997.)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
If NHTSA approves a request, the agency will send the owner a
letter authorizing the installation of one or more on-off switches in
the owner's vehicle. The owner may give the authorization letter to a
dealer or repair business, which may then install an on-off switch for
the driver or passenger air bag or both, as approved by the agency. The
retrofit air bag on-off switch must meet certain criteria, such as
being equipped with a telltale light to alert vehicle occupants when an
air bag has been turned off. The dealer or repair
[[Page 52620]]
business must then fill in information about itself and its
installation in a form in the letter and return the form to the agency.
On May 12, 2000, NHTSA published in the Federal Register (65 FR
30680) its final rule to require advanced frontal air bags. The rule
required that future air bags be designed to reduce the risk of serious
air bag-induced injuries compared to then-current air bags,
particularly for small-statured women and young children; and provide
improved frontal crash protection for all occupants, by means that
include advanced air bag technology.
In the preamble to the May 2000 advanced air bag final rule, the
agency decided to continue the exemption procedures for retrofit air
bag on-off switches for vehicles manufactured through August 31, 2012.
This provided time to allow manufacturers to perfect the suppression
and low-risk deployment systems for air bags in all of their vehicles.
It also provided a number of years to verify the reliability of
advanced air bags based on real-world experience.
NHTSA also indicated in the advanced air bag final rule that there
would be a need for deactivation of some sort (via on-off switch or
permanently) for at-risk individuals who cannot be accommodated through
sensors or other suppression technology (such as individuals with
disabilities or certain medical conditions). The agency stated at that
time that it believed such needs could be best accommodated through the
authorization system for deactivation of air bags in current use by
NHTSA (65 FR at 30722).
In addition to the exemption provided by subpart B of Part 595, on
February 27, 2001, NHTSA published a final rule in the Federal Register
(66 FR 12638) providing a limited exemption from the make inoperative
prohibition covering various provisions in a number of safety
standards, to facilitate the mobility of persons with disabilities.
This disability exemption, which is in subpart C of Part 595, permits
the installation of air bag on-off switches or the permanent
disconnection of air bags in certain, significantly more limited
circumstances than provided for in subpart B of that part. However,
unlike subpart B, prior agency approval is not required for an
exemption under subpart C.
II. NPRM Summary
On June 8, 2012, the agency published a Notice of Proposed
Rulemaking (NPRM) to extend the availability of the existing regulation
(Subpart B of 49 CFR part 595) that permits motor vehicle dealers and
repair businesses to install retrofit on-off switches for air bags in
vehicles owned by or used by persons whose request for a switch has
been approved by the agency. The proposed extension was for three
additional years, so that it would apply to motor vehicles manufactured
before September 1, 2015 (77 FR 33998; Docket No. NHTSA-2012-0078).
The NPRM stated that the agency plans to use the three-year
extension to evaluate several aspects of the regulation. Specifically,
the agency would evaluate the criteria for granting the retrofit on-off
switches (at-risk groups) in light of the existence of advanced air bag
technology and the retrofit switch brochures and forms that were
included in Part 595. The agency would also consider other topics that
have arisen over the years such as our continued use of prosecutorial
discretion for circumstances not covered by Part 595 (e.g., the
application of retrofit switches for emergency and law enforcement
vehicles).
The NPRM also explained that given the imminence of the September
1, 2012 date, it would not be possible for the agency to complete the
necessary evaluation and possible rulemaking before that time, and the
extension would avoid any gap in the availability of the retrofit on-
off air bag switches while the agency considers further rulemaking that
could permanently allow such switches in specified circumstances. The
agency expects to be able to fully analyze the issues surrounding such
a rulemaking within these three additional years.
III. Discussion of Comments and Agency Decision
The comment period for the NPRM closed on July 9, 2012. The agency
received two comments. Advocates for Highway and Auto Safety
(Advocates) supported the proposed extension.\5\ Advocates stated that
although advances in air bag design and other vehicle safety systems
have minimized the need for air bag on-off switches, the organization
recognized a continuing need for on-off switches to accommodate certain
at-risk individuals who could not be accommodated by current
technologies, including individuals with disabilities or certain
medical conditions, as well as younger passengers in child restraint
systems in vehicles without rear seats. Advocates asserted that a
three-year extension of the exemption procedures to allow timely review
of the regulation by the agency will pose minimal risk and permit the
regulation to be updated to reflect state-of-the-art safety technology.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\5\ Advocates Comment, Docket No. NHTSA-2012-0078-0002.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The National Automobile Dealer Association (NADA), an organization
representing automobile and truck dealers, urged NHTSA to conduct a
more expeditious evaluation of the air bag on-off exemption regulation
than the three-year period proposed in the NPRM.\6\ NADA asserted that
it should not take NHTSA long to conduct an analysis of the number and
nature of switch installation and air bag deactivation requests
received since the regulation was promulgated. NADA cited anecdotal
evidence that information requests submitted to NADA by dealerships
regarding the air bag on-off exemption have dropped to near zero. NADA
asserted that this evidence indicated a drop in demand for retrofit on-
off switches and air bag deactivations consistent with the rate at
which advanced air bags and switch-equipped two-passenger vehicles have
penetrated the market.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\6\ NADA Comment, Docket No. NHTSA-2012-0078-0003.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The agency has considered NADA's comments urging a more expeditious
evaluation period than the three year period proposed in the NPRM.
However, the agency declines to adopt NADA's suggestion. NADA's
reasoning is that a review of the number and nature of requests for
exemptions should not take long, asserting that the organization's
anecdotal evidence indicates a drop in demand for such exemptions.
First, the agency would like to emphasize that the demand for
retrofit switches is certainly a factor that the agency will consider
as we evaluate subpart B of part 595, but it is not the only factor the
agency will be examining. We will also reexamine the at-risk groups in
light of advanced air bag technology, the brochures and forms included
in Part 595, and the need for the continued use of prosecutorial
discretion for circumstances not covered by Part 595, among other
things. Accordingly, the time needed to examine the demand for retrofit
on-off switches does not reflect the total time needed to evaluate the
issue.
Additionally, as explained in the NPRM, the three-year extension
period is intended not only to provide the agency time to evaluate this
issue, but to potentially conduct rulemaking to update subpart B.
Finally, NADA did not describe any benefits that would result from a
shorter extension period or any consequences associated with the three-
year period proposed in the
[[Page 52621]]
NPRM. Therefore, for the reasons expressed in the NPRM, this final rule
adopts the three-year extension period proposed in the NPRM and amends
Subpart B of 49 CFR Part 595 to extend the availability of retrofit on-
off switches for air bags so that it will apply to motor vehicles
manufactured before September 1, 2015.
IV. Rulemaking Analyses and Notices
A. Executive Order (E.O.) 12866, E.O. 13563, and DOT Regulatory
Policies and Procedures
NHTSA has considered the impact of this rulemaking action under
Executive Orders 12866 and 13563, and the Department of
Transportation's regulatory policies and procedures (44 FR 11034 (Feb.
26, 1979)). This action was not reviewed by the Office of Management
and Budget under these executive orders. It is not considered to be
significant under the Department's regulatory policies and procedures.
This document delays the sunset date of an existing exemption for
retrofit on-off switches for frontal air bags. They are currently
available, under specified circumstances, for vehicles manufactured
before September 1, 2012. We are extending that date so that they will
be available for vehicles manufactured before September 1, 2015.
This final rule does not require a motor vehicle manufacturer,
dealer or repair business to take any action or bear any costs except
in instances in which a dealer or repair business agrees to install an
on-off switch for an air bag. For consumers, the purchasing and
installation of on-off switches is permissive, not prescriptive.
When an eligible consumer obtains the agency's authorization for
the installation of a retrofit on-off switch and a dealer or repair
business agrees to install the switch, there will be costs associated
with that action. The agency estimates that the installation of an on-
off switch would typically require less than one hour of shop time, at
the average national labor rate of approximately $80 per hour. NHTSA
estimates that the cost of an air bag on-off switch for one seating
position is $51 to $84 and the cost of an on-off switch for two seating
positions is $68 to $101. The agency estimates that approximately 500
air bag on-off switch requests are received and authorized annually.
However, we are uncertain about how many people actually pay to get
them installed after we authorize it. Given the relatively low number
of vehicle owners who will ultimately get the retrofit air bag on-off
switches installed and the above estimated costs, the annual net
economic impact of the actions taken under this final rule will not
exceed $100 million per year.
Moreover, given the above, the fact that this has been a
longstanding exemption available for consumers and since the agency is
merely extending the availability of this exemption for an additional
three years of vehicle production, the impacts are so minimal that a
full regulatory evaluation is not needed.
B. Regulatory Flexibility Act
Pursuant to the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.,
as amended by the Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act
(SBREFA) of 1996), whenever an agency is required to publish a notice
of proposed rulemaking or final rule, it must prepare and make
available for public comment a regulatory flexibility analysis that
describes the effect of the rule on small entities (i.e., small
businesses, small organizations, and small governmental jurisdictions).
The Small Business Administration's regulations at 13 CFR part 121
define a small business, in part, as a business entity ``which operates
primarily within the United States.'' (13 CFR 121.105(a)). No
regulatory flexibility analysis is required if the head of an agency
certifies the proposal will not have a significant economic impact on a
substantial number of small entities. SBREFA amended the Regulatory
Flexibility Act to require Federal agencies to provide a statement of
the factual basis for certifying that a proposal will not have a
significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities.
I hereby certify that this final rule will not have a significant
economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. This final
rule would merely extend the sunset provision in Subpart B of Part 595.
No other changes are being made in this document. Small organizations
and small governmental units will not be significantly affected since
the potential cost impacts associated with this action will be
insignificant.
C. Executive Order 13132 (Federalism)
NHTSA has examined today's rule pursuant to Executive Order 13132
(64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999) and concluded that no additional
consultation with States, local governments or their representatives is
mandated beyond the rulemaking process. The agency has concluded that
the rulemaking does not have sufficient federalism implications to
warrant consultation with State and local officials or the preparation
of a federalism summary impact statement. The final rule does not have
``substantial direct effects on the States, on the relationship between
the national government and the States, or on the distribution of power
and responsibilities among the various levels of government.'' Today's
final rule does not impose any additional requirements. Instead, it
delays the sunset date of an existing exemption for retrofit on-off
switches for frontal air bags, thereby lessening burdens on the
exempted entities.
NHTSA rules can preempt in two ways. First, the National Traffic
and Motor Vehicle Safety Act contains an express preemption provision:
when a motor vehicle safety standard is in effect under this chapter, a
State or a political subdivision of a State may prescribe or continue
in effect a standard applicable to the same aspect of performance of a
motor vehicle or motor vehicle equipment only if the standard is
identical to the standard prescribed under this chapter. 49 U.S.C.
30103(b)(1). It is this statutory command by Congress that preempts any
non-identical State legislative and administrative law addressing the
same aspect of performance. This provision is not relevant to this
final rule as this final rule does not involve the establishing,
amending or revoking of a Federal motor vehicle safety standard.
However, general principles of preemption law could apply so as to
displace any conflicting state law or regulations. We are unaware of
any State law or action that would prohibit the actions that this
exemption would permit.
This second way that NHTSA rules can preempt is dependent upon
there being an actual conflict between a NHTSA regulation and the
higher standard that would effectively be imposed on regulated entities
if someone obtained a State common law tort judgment against a
regulated entity, notwithstanding the regulated entity's compliance
with the NHTSA regulation. Because most NHTSA standards established by
an FMVSS are minimum standards, a State common law tort cause of action
that seeks to impose a higher standard on regulated entities will
generally not be preempted. However, if and when such a conflict does
exist--for example, when the standard at issue is both a minimum and a
maximum standard--the State common law tort cause of action is
impliedly preempted. See Geier v. American Honda Motor Co., 529 U.S.
861 (2000).
Although this final rule does not establish, amend, or revoke an
FMVSS,
[[Page 52622]]
NHTSA has considered, pursuant to Executive Orders 13132 and 12988,
whether this final rule could or should preempt State common law causes
of action. The agency's ability to announce its conclusion regarding
the preemptive effect of one of its rules reduces the likelihood that
preemption will be an issue in any subsequent tort litigation.
To this end, the agency has examined the nature (e.g., the language
and structure of the regulatory text) and objectives of today's final
rule and finds that this final rule would increase flexibility for
certain exempted entities. As such, NHTSA does not intend that this
final rule would preempt state tort law that would effectively impose a
higher standard on regulated entities than that would be established by
today's rule. Establishment of a higher standard by means of State tort
law would not conflict with the exemption. Without any conflict, there
could not be any implied preemption of a State common law tort cause of
action.
D. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
The Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (UMRA) requires Federal
agencies to prepare a written assessment of the costs, benefits and
other effects of proposed or final rules that include a Federal mandate
likely to result in the expenditure by State, local or tribal
governments, in the aggregate, or by the private sector, of more than
$100 million annually (adjusted annually for inflation, with base year
of 1995). UMRA also requires an agency issuing a final rule subject to
the Act to select the ``least costly, most cost-effective or least
burdensome alternative that achieves the objectives of the rule.'' This
final rule will not result in a Federal mandate that will likely result
in the expenditure by State, local or tribal governments, in the
aggregate, or by the private sector, of more than $100 million annually
(adjusted annually for inflation, with base year of 1995).
E. National Environmental Policy Act
NHTSA has analyzed this final rule for the purposes of the National
Environmental Policy Act. The agency has determined that implementation
of this action will not have any significant impact on the quality of
the human environment.
F. Executive Order 12778 (Civil Justice Reform)
When promulgating a regulation, agencies are required under
Executive Order 12988 to make every reasonable effort to ensure that
the regulation, as appropriate: (1) Specifies in clear language the
preemptive effect; (2) specifies in clear language the effect on
existing Federal law or regulation, including all provisions repealed,
circumscribed, displaced, impaired, or modified; (3) provides a clear
legal standard for affected conduct rather than a general standard,
while promoting simplification and burden reduction; (4) specifies in
clear language the retroactive effect; (5) specifies whether
administrative proceedings are to be required before parties may file
suit in court; (6) explicitly or implicitly defines key terms; and (7)
addresses other important issues affecting clarity and general
draftsmanship of regulations.
Pursuant to this Order, NHTSA notes as follows. The preemptive
effect of this final rule is discussed above. NHTSA notes further that
there is no requirement that individuals submit a petition for
reconsideration or pursue other administrative proceeding before they
may file suit in court.
G. Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA)
Under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, a person is not required
to respond to a collection of information by a Federal agency unless
the collection displays a valid OMB control number. Several of the
conditions placed by this exemption from the make inoperative
prohibition are considered to be information collection requirements as
defined by the OMB in 5 CFR part 1320. Specifically, this exemption
from the make inoperative prohibition for motor vehicle dealers and
repair businesses is conditioned upon vehicle owners filling out and
submitting a request form to the agency, obtaining an authorization
letter from the agency and then presenting the letter to a dealer or
repair business. The exemption is also conditioned upon the dealer or
repair business filling in information about itself and the
installation of the retrofit on-off switch in the form provided for
that purpose in the authorization letter and then returning the form to
NHTSA. These information collection requirements in Part 595 have been
approved by OMB (OMB Control No. 2127-0588) through June 30, 2013,
pursuant to the requirements of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C.
3501 et seq). NHTSA will request an extension of this approval in a
timely manner.
H. National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act
Under the National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995
(NTTAA) (Pub. L. 104-113), all Federal agencies and departments shall
use technical standards that are developed or adopted by voluntary
consensus standards bodies, using such technical standards as a means
to carry out policy objectives or activities determined by the agencies
and departments. Voluntary consensus standards are technical standards
(e.g., materials specifications, test methods, sampling procedures, and
business practices) that are developed or adopted by voluntary
consensus standards bodies, such as the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) and the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE).
The NTTAA directs us to provide Congress, through OMB, explanations
when we decide not to use available and applicable voluntary consensus
standards. There are no voluntary consensus standards developed by
voluntary consensus standards bodies pertaining to this rule.
I. Plain Language
Executive Order 12866 requires each agency to write all rules in
plain language. Application of the principles of plain language
includes consideration of the following questions:
Have we organized the material to suit the public's needs?
Are the requirements in the rule clearly stated?
Does the rule contain technical language or jargon that
isn't clear?
Would a different format (grouping and order of sections,
use of headings, paragraphing) make the rule easier to understand?
Would more (but shorter) sections be better?
Could we improve clarity by adding tables, lists, or
diagrams?
What else could we do to make the rule easier to
understand?
NHTSA has considered these questions and attempted to use plain
language in promulgating this final rule.
J. Regulation Identifier Number (RIN)
The Department of Transportation assigns a regulation identifier
number (RIN) to each regulatory action listed in the Unified Agenda of
Federal Regulations. The Regulatory Information Service Center
publishes the Unified Agenda in April and October of each year. You may
use the RIN contained in the heading at the beginning of this document
to find this action in the Unified Agenda.
K. Privacy Act
Petitions for reconsideration will be placed in the docket. Anyone
is able to search the electronic form of all petitions received into
any of our dockets by the name of the individual submitting the
petition (or signing the
[[Page 52623]]
petition, if submitted on behalf of an association, business, labor
union, etc.). You may review DOT's complete Privacy Act Statement in
the Federal Register published on April 11, 2000 (Volume 65, Number 70;
Pages 19477-78).
List of Subjects in 49 CFR Part 595
Imports, Motor vehicle safety, Motor vehicles.
In consideration of the foregoing, NHTSA is amending 49 CFR part
595 as follows:
PART 595--MAKE INOPERATIVE EXEMPTIONS
0
1. The authority citation for part 595 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 322, 30111, 30115, 30117, 30122 and
30166; delegation of authority at 49 CFR 1.50.
0
2. Amend Sec. 595.5 by revising paragraph (a) to read as follows:
Sec. 595.5 Requirements.
(a) Beginning January 19, 1998, a dealer or motor vehicle repair
business may modify a motor vehicle manufactured before September 1,
2015, by installing an on-off switch that allows an occupant of the
vehicle to turn off an air bag in that vehicle, subject to the
conditions in paragraphs (b)(1) through (5) of this section.
* * * * *
Issued on: August 24, 2012.
David L. Strickland,
Administrator.
[FR Doc. 2012-21468 Filed 8-29-12; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910-59-P