Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Order Instituting Proceedings To Determine Whether to Disapprove Proposed Rule Change To Adopt Additional Listing Requirements for Reverse Mergers, 57791-57793 [2011-23735]
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Federal Register / Vol. 76, No. 180 / Friday, September 16, 2011 / Notices
2011–29 and should be submitted by
October 7, 2011.
For the Commission, by the Division of
Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated
authority.15
Elizabeth M. Murphy,
Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2011–23774 Filed 9–15–11; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
[Release No. 34–65319; File No. SR–
NASDAQ–2011–073]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; The
NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Order
Instituting Proceedings To Determine
Whether to Disapprove Proposed Rule
Change To Adopt Additional Listing
Requirements for Reverse Mergers
September 12, 2011.
I. Introduction
On May 26, 2011, The NASDAQ
Stock Market LLC (‘‘Nasdaq’’ or
‘‘Exchange’’) filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission
(‘‘Commission’’), pursuant to Section
19(b)(1) of the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934 (‘‘Act’’) 1 and Rule 19b–4
thereunder,2 a proposed rule change to
adopt additional listing requirements for
a company that has become public
through a combination with a public
shell, whether through a reverse merger,
exchange offer, or otherwise (a ‘‘Reverse
Merger’’). The proposed rule change was
published for comment in the Federal
Register on June 14, 2011.3 On July 25,
2011, the Commission extended the
time period in which to either approve
the proposed rule change, disapprove
the proposed rule change, or to institute
proceedings to determine whether to
disapprove the proposed rule change, to
September 12, 2011.4 The Commission
received two comment letters on the
proposal.5 This order institutes
proceedings under Section 19(b)(2)(B) of
the Act to determine whether to
disapprove the proposed rule change.
15 17
CFR 200.30–3(a)(12).
U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
2 17 CFR 240.19b–4.
3 See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 64633
(June 8, 2011), 76 FR 34781 (‘‘Nasdaq Notice’’).
4 See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 64956
(July 25, 2011), 76 FR 45636 (July 29, 2011).
5 See Letter from David Feldman dated August 30,
2011 (‘‘Feldman Letter’’) and letter from Richard
Rappaport, Chief Executive Officer, WestPark
Capital, Inc. to Elizabeth M. Murphy, Secretary,
Commission dated September 2, 2011 (WestPark
Letter’’).
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1 15
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II. Description of the Proposal
The Exchange proposes to adopt
additional listing standards for
companies that become public through
a Reverse Merger,6 to address significant
regulatory concerns, including
accounting fraud allegations that have
recently arisen with respect to Reverse
Merger companies. In its filing, Nasdaq
noted, among other things, that there
have been widespread allegations of
fraudulent behavior by certain Reverse
Merger companies, leading to concerns
that their financial statements cannot be
relied upon.7 Nasdaq also stated that it
was aware of situations where it
appeared that promoters and others
intended to manipulate prices of
Reverse Merger companies’ securities
higher to help meet Nasdaq’s initial
listing bid price requirement, and where
companies have gifted stock to
artificially satisfy Nasdaq’s public
holder listing requirement.8 As a result
of these concerns, Nasdaq believes
certain ‘‘seasoning’’ requirements in
connection with the listing of Reverse
Merger companies are appropriate.
Specifically, Nasdaq proposes to
prohibit a Reverse Merger company
from applying to list until the combined
entity has traded in the U.S. over-thecounter market, on another national
securities exchange, or on a foreign
exchange for at least six months
following the filing of all required
information about the Reverse Merger
transaction, including audited financial
statements, to the Commission.9
Further, Nasdaq proposes to require that
6 For purposes of the Nasdaq proposal, Nasdaq
would treat as a Reverse Merger any transaction
whereby an operating company becomes public by
combining with a public shell, whether through a
reverse merger, exchange offer, or otherwise.
However, a Reverse Merger would not include the
acquisition of an operating company by a listed
company satisfying the requirements of IM–5101–
2 (relating to companies whose business plan is to
complete one or more acquisitions) or a business
combination described in Rule 5110(a) (relating to
a listed company that combines with a non-Nasdaq
entity, resulting in a change of control of the
company and potentially allowing the non-Nasdaq
entity to obtain a Nasdaq listing, sometimes called
a ‘‘back-door listing’’). A reverse merger would also
not include a Substitution Listing Event, as defined
in Rule 5005(a)(39) (proposed to be renumbered as
Rule 5005(a)(40)), such as the formation of a
holding company to replace the listed company or
a merger to facilitate a re-incorporation, because in
these cases the operating company is already a
listed entity.
7 See Nasdaq Notice.
8 Id.
9 According to the Nasdaq proposal, the six
month period would not begin to run until the
filing of a Form 8–K. A company must file a Form
8–K within four days of completing a reverse
merger. The Form 8–K must contain audited
financial statements and information comparable to
the information provided in a Form 10 for the
registration of securities. See Form 8–K Items 2.01,
5.06, and 9.01(c).
PO 00000
Frm 00080
Fmt 4703
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57791
the Reverse Merger company maintain a
minimum of a $4 bid price on at least
30 of the 60 trading days immediately
prior to submitting the listing
application. Finally, under the proposed
rule, Nasdaq would not approve any
Reverse Merger company for listing
unless the company has timely filed its
two most recent financial reports with
the Commission if it is a domestic issuer
or comparable information if it is a
foreign private issuer.
III. Comment Letters
The Commission received two
comment letters on the proposal.10 One
commenter 11 objects broadly to the
proposed ‘‘seasoning’’ requirement,12
while the other supports the objectives
of the proposed rule change, but
believes it should include a particular
exception.13
One commenter expressed the view
that the proposal could have a ‘‘chilling
effect of discouraging exciting growth
companies from pursuing all available
techniques to obtain the benefits of a
public listed stock and greater access to
capital.’’ 14 The commenter further
noted, in response to Nasdaq’s
justifications for the proposed rule
change, that virtually all of the
suggestions of wrongdoing involve
Chinese companies that completed
reverse mergers, but that a number of
other Chinese companies that
completed full traditional initial public
offerings face the very same allegations,
so that focusing on the manner in which
these companies went public may not
be appropriate. Rather than imposing a
seasoning requirement, the commenter
suggests Nasdaq review regulatory
histories and financial arrangements
with promoters, and refrain from listing
companies where the issues are great. In
any event, he recommends an
exemption from the seasoning
requirement for a company coming to
the exchange with a firm commitment
underwritten public offering. In
addition, the commenter expressed
concern that the requirement to
maintain a $4 trading price for 30 days
prior to the listing application is unfair,
and unrealistic to expect companies to
achieve in the over-the-counter markets,
and suggests it be eliminated.
Another commenter expressed
support for the proposed rule change’s
objective to protect investors from
potential accounting fraud,
manipulative trading, abusive practices
10 See,
11 See
note 5, supra.
Feldman Letter.
12 Id.
13 See
14 See
E:\FR\FM\16SEN1.SGM
WestPark Letter.
Feldman Letter.
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Federal Register / Vol. 76, No. 180 / Friday, September 16, 2011 / Notices
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or other inappropriate behavior on the
part of companies, promoters and
others.15 The commenter, however,
recommended that, in order to avoid
unnecessary burdens on smaller
capitalization issuers, the proposed rule
change be modified to exclude Form 10
share exchange transactions from the
reverse merger definition, or provide an
exception for a reverse merger company
listing in connection with a firm
commitment underwritten public
offering. This commenter also
recommended that Nasdaq consider
requiring companies listing on the
exchange to engage a recognized
independent diligence firm to conduct a
forensic audit and issue a forensic
diligence report prior to approval of the
listing application.
IV. NYSE and NYSE Amex Proposals
On July 22, 2011, the New York Stock
Exchange LLC (‘‘NYSE’’) 16 and the
NYSE Amex LLC (‘‘NYSE Amex’’) 17
each filed a proposed rule change to
adopt additional listing requirements for
a company that has become public
through a Reverse Merger. NYSE and
NYSE Amex filed these proposed rule
changes for similar reasons as Nasdaq—
to address significant regulatory
concerns, including accounting fraud
allegations, that have recently arisen
with respect to Reverse Merger
companies. The NYSE and NYSE Amex
proposals, while similar to the Nasdaq
proposal in many respects, contain
certain provisions that materially differ
from the Nasdaq proposal. For example,
the NYSE and NYSE Amex proposals
would prohibit a Reverse Merger
company from applying to list until it
has traded in another market for one
year after the combined entity submits
all required information about the
transaction, including audited financial
statements, to the Commission. The
NYSE and NYSE Amex proposals also
would require the maintenance of the
minimum stock price for listing on an
‘‘absolute and an average basis for a
sustained period’’ of time immediately
preceding the filing of the initial listing
application and through listing. In
addition, NYSE and NYSE Amex would
not approve any Reverse Merger
company for listing unless the company
has timely filed with the Commission
all required reports since the
consummation of the Reverse Merger,
including at least one annual report
15 See
WestPark Letter.
Securities Exchange Act Release No. 65034
(August 4, 2011), 76 FR 49513 (August 10, 2011)
(SR–NYSE–2011–38).
17 See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 65033
(August 4, 2011), 76 FR 49522 (August 10, 2011)
(SR–NYSEAmex–2011–55).
16 See
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16:26 Sep 15, 2011
Jkt 223001
containing audited financial statements
for a full fiscal year commencing on a
date after the date of filing of a Form 8–
K, or Form 20–F, relating to the Reverse
Merger. Finally, the NYSE and NYSE
Amex proposals include an exemption
from the proposed listing requirements
for Reverse Merger companies when the
listing is in connection with an initial
firm commitment underwritten public
offering where the proceeds will be at
least $40 million and the offering is
occurring subsequent to or concurrently
with the Reverse Merger. The comment
period for each of the NYSE and NYSE
Amex proposals expired on August 31,
2011, and the Commission currently is
reviewing the comments received.
V. Proceedings To Determine Whether
To Disapprove SR–NASDAQ–2011–073
and Grounds for Disapproval Under
Consideration
The Commission is instituting
proceedings pursuant to Section
19(b)(2)(B) of the Act to determine
whether the proposed rule change
should be disapproved. Institution of
such proceedings is appropriate at this
time in view of the legal and policy
issues raised by the proposal that are
discussed below. Institution of
disapproval proceedings does not
indicate that the Commission has
reached any conclusions with respect to
any of the issues involved. Rather, as
described in greater detail below, the
Commission seeks and encourages
interested persons to provide additional
comment on the proposed rule change.
Pursuant to Section 19(b)(2)(B), the
Commission is providing notice of the
grounds for disapproval under
consideration. In particular, Section
6(b)(5) of the Act 18 requires that the
rules of an exchange be designed,
among other things, to prevent
fraudulent and manipulative acts and
practices, to promote just and equitable
principles of trade, to remove
impediments to and perfect the
mechanism of a free and open market
and a national market system and, in
general, to protect investors and the
public interest.
Nasdaq’s proposal would require
Reverse Merger companies to meet
certain ‘‘seasoning’’ requirements prior
to listing, and is designed to address
significant regulatory concerns,
including accounting fraud allegations,
that have recently arisen with respect to
Reverse Merger companies. As noted
above, NYSE and NYSE Amex
subsequently filed proposed rule
changes designed to address the same
concerns as the Nasdaq proposal.
18 15
PO 00000
U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).
Frm 00081
Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
Although similar to the Nasdaq proposal
in many respects, certain provisions of
the NYSE and NYSE Amex proposals
materially differ from the Nasdaq
proposal, including a one-year instead
of a six-month seasoning period, and a
more general requirement to maintain
the minimum listing price for a
‘‘sustained period,’’ rather than on at
least 30 of the 60 trading days prior to
filing the listing application. Unlike the
Nasdaq proposal, the NYSE and NYSE
Amex proposals also include an
exemption for Reverse Merger
companies that list in connection with
certain underwritten public offerings.
The Commission shares the concerns
of Nasdaq, as well as NYSE and NYSE
Amex, with respect to fraud and
manipulation in connection with the
formation of Reverse Merger companies
and their listing on an exchange. The
Commission also believes that
meaningful enhancements to exchange
listing standards, including more
rigorous seasoning requirements that are
appropriately targeted at Reverse Merger
companies could help prevent fraud and
manipulation in this area, and protect
investors and the public interest.
Because of the importance of this issue,
however, the Commission believes the
Nasdaq proposal should be considered
together with the NYSE and NYSE
Amex proposals, to assure that the
exchanges develop and implement
consistent and effective enhancements
to their listing standards, to best address
the serious concerns that have arisen
with respect to the listing of Reverse
Merger companies. Accordingly, in light
of the material differences between the
Nasdaq proposal and the NYSE and
NYSE Amex proposals, and the
concerns raised by commenters, the
Commission believes that questions are
raised as to whether Nasdaq’s proposal
is consistent with the requirements of
Section 6(b)(5) of the Act, including
whether the proposed listing
requirements would prevent fraud and
manipulation, promote just and
equitable principles of trade, or protect
investors and the public interest.
VI. Procedure: Request for Written
Comments
The Commission requests that
interested persons provide written
submissions of their views, data and
arguments with respect to the concerns
identified above, as well as any others
they may have with the proposal. In
particular, the Commission invites the
written views of interested persons
concerning whether the proposed rule
change is inconsistent with Section
6(b)(5) or any other provision of the Act,
or the rules and regulation thereunder.
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Federal Register / Vol. 76, No. 180 / Friday, September 16, 2011 / Notices
Although there do not appear to be any
issues relevant to approval or
disapproval which would be facilitated
by an oral presentation of views, data,
and arguments, the Commission will
consider, pursuant to Rule 19b–4, any
request for an opportunity to make an
oral presentation.19
Interested persons are invited to
submit written data, views and
arguments regarding whether the
proposed rule change should be
disapproved by October 17, 2011. Any
person who wishes to file a rebuttal to
any other person’s submission must file
that rebuttal by October 26, 2011.
Comments may be submitted by any
of the following methods:
Electronic Comments
• Use the Commission’s Internet
comment form (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml); or
• Send an e-mail to rulecomments@sec.gov. Please include File
Number SR–NASDAQ–2011–073 on the
subject line.
Paper Comments
• Send paper comments in triplicate
to Elizabeth M. Murphy, Secretary,
Securities and Exchange Commission,
100 F Street, NE., Washington, DC
20549–1090.
All submissions should refer to File
Number SR–NASDAQ–2011–073. This
file number should be included on the
subject line if e-mail is used. To help the
Commission process and review your
comments more efficiently, please use
only one method. The Commission will
post all comments on the Commission’s
Internet Web site (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml). Copies of the
submission, all subsequent
amendments, all written statements
with respect to the proposed rule
change that are filed with the
Commission, and all written
communications relating to the
proposed rule change between the
Commission and any person, other than
those that may be withheld from the
public in accordance with the
provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be
available for Web site viewing and
printing in the Commission’s Public
Reference Room, 100 F Street, NE.,
Washington, DC 20549, on official
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19 Section
19(b) (2) of the Act, as amended by the
Securities Act Amendments of 1975, Public Law
94–29 (June 4, 1975), grants the Commission
flexibility to determine what type of proceeding—
either oral or notice and opportunity for written
comments—is appropriate for consideration of a
particular proposal by a self-regulatory
organization. See Securities Act Amendments of
1975, Senate Comm. on Banking, Housing & Urban
Affairs, S. Rep. No. 75, 94th Cong., 1st Sess. 30
(1975).
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16:26 Sep 15, 2011
Jkt 223001
business days between the hours of 10
a.m. and 3 p.m. Copies of such filing
also will be available for inspection and
copying at the principal office of the
Exchange. All comments received will
be posted without change; the
Commission does not edit personal
identifying information from
submissions. You should submit only
information that you wish to make
available publicly. All submissions
should refer to File Number SR–
NASDAQ–2011–073 and should be
submitted on or before October 17,
2011. Rebuttal comments should be
submitted by October 26, 2011.
For the Commission, by the Division of
Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated
authority.20
Elizabeth M. Murphy,
Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2011–23735 Filed 9–15–11; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
[Release No. 34–65314; File No. SR–
NYSEAmex–2011–69]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; NYSE
Amex LLC; Notice of Filing and
Immediate Effectiveness of Proposed
Rule Change Amending Its Options
Fee Schedule To Add Clarifying
Language With Respect to Marketing
Charges Generally and Marketing
Charges for Directed Orders, and To
Add New and Clarifying Language With
Respect to Marketing Charges for
Electronic Complex Orders
September 12, 2011.
Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) 1 of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the
‘‘Act’’) 2 and Rule 19b–4 thereunder,3
notice is hereby given that, on
September 6, 2011, NYSE Amex LLC
(the ‘‘Exchange’’ or ‘‘NYSE Amex’’) filed
with the Securities and Exchange
Commission (the ‘‘Commission’’) the
proposed rule change as described in
Items I, II, and III below, which Items
have been prepared by the selfregulatory organization. The
Commission is publishing this notice to
solicit comments on the proposed rule
change from interested persons.
I. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Terms of Substance of
the Proposed Rule Change
The Exchange proposes to amend its
Options Fee Schedule (the ‘‘Schedule’’)
20 17
CFR 200.30–3(a)(57).
U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
2 15 U.S.C. 78a.
3 17 CFR 240.19b–4.
1 15
PO 00000
Frm 00082
Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
57793
to add clarifying language with respect
to marketing charges generally and
marketing charges for Directed Orders,
and to add new and clarifying language
with respect to marketing charges for
Electronic Complex Orders. The text of
the proposed rule change is available at
the Exchange, the Commission’s Public
Reference Room, on the Commission’s
Web site at https://www.sec.gov, and
https://www.nyse.com.
II. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
Change
In its filing with the Commission, the
self-regulatory organization included
statements concerning the purpose of,
and basis for, the proposed rule change
and discussed any comments it received
on the proposed rule change. The text
of those statements may be examined at
the places specified in Item IV below.
The Exchange has prepared summaries,
set forth in sections A, B, and C below,
of the most significant parts of such
statements.
A. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
Change
1. Purpose
The current Schedule in footnote 11
describes the distribution of the pool of
monies for marketing charges for nonDirected Orders, but does not include
any language addressing the marketing
charges for Directed Orders or
Electronic Complex Orders. Currently,
the pool of monies resulting from
collection of marketing charges on
electronic Directed Orders is controlled
by the NYSE Amex Options Market
Maker to which the order was directed.4
In addition, Electronic Complex Orders
are treated in the same manner as nonDirected Orders, and consequently, the
pool of monies resulting from collection
of marketing charges on such orders is
controlled by a Specialist or
e-Specialist.5
4 See, e.g., Securities Exchange Act Release No.
61849 (April 6, 2010), 75 FR 18556 (April 12, 2010)
(SR–NYSEAmex–2010–30).
5 The Exchange recently reinstituted the standard
marketing charges for Electronic Complex Order
executions that had been temporarily waived in
July 2010. See Securities Exchange Act Release No.
64524 (May 19, 2011), 76 FR 30412 (May 25, 2011)
(SR–NYSEAmex–2011–30). The Exchange had been
informed by several Order Flow Providers that the
absence of marketing charges for Customer
executions in the complex order book was
hindering their ability to route complex order flow
to the Exchange, particularly since competing
exchanges do allow for the collection of marketing
charges on complex orders. Consequently, the
Exchange recently resumed its prior practice of
Continued
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Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 76, Number 180 (Friday, September 16, 2011)]
[Notices]
[Pages 57791-57793]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2011-23735]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
[Release No. 34-65319; File No. SR-NASDAQ-2011-073]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Order
Instituting Proceedings To Determine Whether to Disapprove Proposed
Rule Change To Adopt Additional Listing Requirements for Reverse
Mergers
September 12, 2011.
I. Introduction
On May 26, 2011, The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC (``Nasdaq'' or
``Exchange'') filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
(``Commission''), pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 (``Act'') \1\ and Rule 19b-4 thereunder,\2\ a
proposed rule change to adopt additional listing requirements for a
company that has become public through a combination with a public
shell, whether through a reverse merger, exchange offer, or otherwise
(a ``Reverse Merger''). The proposed rule change was published for
comment in the Federal Register on June 14, 2011.\3\ On July 25, 2011,
the Commission extended the time period in which to either approve the
proposed rule change, disapprove the proposed rule change, or to
institute proceedings to determine whether to disapprove the proposed
rule change, to September 12, 2011.\4\ The Commission received two
comment letters on the proposal.\5\ This order institutes proceedings
under Section 19(b)(2)(B) of the Act to determine whether to disapprove
the proposed rule change.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
\2\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4.
\3\ See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 64633 (June 8,
2011), 76 FR 34781 (``Nasdaq Notice'').
\4\ See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 64956 (July 25,
2011), 76 FR 45636 (July 29, 2011).
\5\ See Letter from David Feldman dated August 30, 2011
(``Feldman Letter'') and letter from Richard Rappaport, Chief
Executive Officer, WestPark Capital, Inc. to Elizabeth M. Murphy,
Secretary, Commission dated September 2, 2011 (WestPark Letter'').
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
II. Description of the Proposal
The Exchange proposes to adopt additional listing standards for
companies that become public through a Reverse Merger,\6\ to address
significant regulatory concerns, including accounting fraud allegations
that have recently arisen with respect to Reverse Merger companies. In
its filing, Nasdaq noted, among other things, that there have been
widespread allegations of fraudulent behavior by certain Reverse Merger
companies, leading to concerns that their financial statements cannot
be relied upon.\7\ Nasdaq also stated that it was aware of situations
where it appeared that promoters and others intended to manipulate
prices of Reverse Merger companies' securities higher to help meet
Nasdaq's initial listing bid price requirement, and where companies
have gifted stock to artificially satisfy Nasdaq's public holder
listing requirement.\8\ As a result of these concerns, Nasdaq believes
certain ``seasoning'' requirements in connection with the listing of
Reverse Merger companies are appropriate.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\6\ For purposes of the Nasdaq proposal, Nasdaq would treat as a
Reverse Merger any transaction whereby an operating company becomes
public by combining with a public shell, whether through a reverse
merger, exchange offer, or otherwise. However, a Reverse Merger
would not include the acquisition of an operating company by a
listed company satisfying the requirements of IM-5101-2 (relating to
companies whose business plan is to complete one or more
acquisitions) or a business combination described in Rule 5110(a)
(relating to a listed company that combines with a non-Nasdaq
entity, resulting in a change of control of the company and
potentially allowing the non-Nasdaq entity to obtain a Nasdaq
listing, sometimes called a ``back-door listing''). A reverse merger
would also not include a Substitution Listing Event, as defined in
Rule 5005(a)(39) (proposed to be renumbered as Rule 5005(a)(40)),
such as the formation of a holding company to replace the listed
company or a merger to facilitate a re-incorporation, because in
these cases the operating company is already a listed entity.
\7\ See Nasdaq Notice.
\8\ Id.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Specifically, Nasdaq proposes to prohibit a Reverse Merger company
from applying to list until the combined entity has traded in the U.S.
over-the-counter market, on another national securities exchange, or on
a foreign exchange for at least six months following the filing of all
required information about the Reverse Merger transaction, including
audited financial statements, to the Commission.\9\ Further, Nasdaq
proposes to require that the Reverse Merger company maintain a minimum
of a $4 bid price on at least 30 of the 60 trading days immediately
prior to submitting the listing application. Finally, under the
proposed rule, Nasdaq would not approve any Reverse Merger company for
listing unless the company has timely filed its two most recent
financial reports with the Commission if it is a domestic issuer or
comparable information if it is a foreign private issuer.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\9\ According to the Nasdaq proposal, the six month period would
not begin to run until the filing of a Form 8-K. A company must file
a Form 8-K within four days of completing a reverse merger. The Form
8-K must contain audited financial statements and information
comparable to the information provided in a Form 10 for the
registration of securities. See Form 8-K Items 2.01, 5.06, and
9.01(c).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
III. Comment Letters
The Commission received two comment letters on the proposal.\10\
One commenter \11\ objects broadly to the proposed ``seasoning''
requirement,\12\ while the other supports the objectives of the
proposed rule change, but believes it should include a particular
exception.\13\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\10\ See, note 5, supra.
\11\ See Feldman Letter.
\12\ Id.
\13\ See WestPark Letter.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
One commenter expressed the view that the proposal could have a
``chilling effect of discouraging exciting growth companies from
pursuing all available techniques to obtain the benefits of a public
listed stock and greater access to capital.'' \14\ The commenter
further noted, in response to Nasdaq's justifications for the proposed
rule change, that virtually all of the suggestions of wrongdoing
involve Chinese companies that completed reverse mergers, but that a
number of other Chinese companies that completed full traditional
initial public offerings face the very same allegations, so that
focusing on the manner in which these companies went public may not be
appropriate. Rather than imposing a seasoning requirement, the
commenter suggests Nasdaq review regulatory histories and financial
arrangements with promoters, and refrain from listing companies where
the issues are great. In any event, he recommends an exemption from the
seasoning requirement for a company coming to the exchange with a firm
commitment underwritten public offering. In addition, the commenter
expressed concern that the requirement to maintain a $4 trading price
for 30 days prior to the listing application is unfair, and unrealistic
to expect companies to achieve in the over-the-counter markets, and
suggests it be eliminated.
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\14\ See Feldman Letter.
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Another commenter expressed support for the proposed rule change's
objective to protect investors from potential accounting fraud,
manipulative trading, abusive practices
[[Page 57792]]
or other inappropriate behavior on the part of companies, promoters and
others.\15\ The commenter, however, recommended that, in order to avoid
unnecessary burdens on smaller capitalization issuers, the proposed
rule change be modified to exclude Form 10 share exchange transactions
from the reverse merger definition, or provide an exception for a
reverse merger company listing in connection with a firm commitment
underwritten public offering. This commenter also recommended that
Nasdaq consider requiring companies listing on the exchange to engage a
recognized independent diligence firm to conduct a forensic audit and
issue a forensic diligence report prior to approval of the listing
application.
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\15\ See WestPark Letter.
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IV. NYSE and NYSE Amex Proposals
On July 22, 2011, the New York Stock Exchange LLC (``NYSE'') \16\
and the NYSE Amex LLC (``NYSE Amex'') \17\ each filed a proposed rule
change to adopt additional listing requirements for a company that has
become public through a Reverse Merger. NYSE and NYSE Amex filed these
proposed rule changes for similar reasons as Nasdaq--to address
significant regulatory concerns, including accounting fraud
allegations, that have recently arisen with respect to Reverse Merger
companies. The NYSE and NYSE Amex proposals, while similar to the
Nasdaq proposal in many respects, contain certain provisions that
materially differ from the Nasdaq proposal. For example, the NYSE and
NYSE Amex proposals would prohibit a Reverse Merger company from
applying to list until it has traded in another market for one year
after the combined entity submits all required information about the
transaction, including audited financial statements, to the Commission.
The NYSE and NYSE Amex proposals also would require the maintenance of
the minimum stock price for listing on an ``absolute and an average
basis for a sustained period'' of time immediately preceding the filing
of the initial listing application and through listing. In addition,
NYSE and NYSE Amex would not approve any Reverse Merger company for
listing unless the company has timely filed with the Commission all
required reports since the consummation of the Reverse Merger,
including at least one annual report containing audited financial
statements for a full fiscal year commencing on a date after the date
of filing of a Form 8-K, or Form 20-F, relating to the Reverse Merger.
Finally, the NYSE and NYSE Amex proposals include an exemption from the
proposed listing requirements for Reverse Merger companies when the
listing is in connection with an initial firm commitment underwritten
public offering where the proceeds will be at least $40 million and the
offering is occurring subsequent to or concurrently with the Reverse
Merger. The comment period for each of the NYSE and NYSE Amex proposals
expired on August 31, 2011, and the Commission currently is reviewing
the comments received.
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\16\ See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 65034 (August 4,
2011), 76 FR 49513 (August 10, 2011) (SR-NYSE-2011-38).
\17\ See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 65033 (August 4,
2011), 76 FR 49522 (August 10, 2011) (SR-NYSEAmex-2011-55).
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V. Proceedings To Determine Whether To Disapprove SR-NASDAQ-2011-073
and Grounds for Disapproval Under Consideration
The Commission is instituting proceedings pursuant to Section
19(b)(2)(B) of the Act to determine whether the proposed rule change
should be disapproved. Institution of such proceedings is appropriate
at this time in view of the legal and policy issues raised by the
proposal that are discussed below. Institution of disapproval
proceedings does not indicate that the Commission has reached any
conclusions with respect to any of the issues involved. Rather, as
described in greater detail below, the Commission seeks and encourages
interested persons to provide additional comment on the proposed rule
change.
Pursuant to Section 19(b)(2)(B), the Commission is providing notice
of the grounds for disapproval under consideration. In particular,
Section 6(b)(5) of the Act \18\ requires that the rules of an exchange
be designed, among other things, to prevent fraudulent and manipulative
acts and practices, to promote just and equitable principles of trade,
to remove impediments to and perfect the mechanism of a free and open
market and a national market system and, in general, to protect
investors and the public interest.
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\18\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).
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Nasdaq's proposal would require Reverse Merger companies to meet
certain ``seasoning'' requirements prior to listing, and is designed to
address significant regulatory concerns, including accounting fraud
allegations, that have recently arisen with respect to Reverse Merger
companies. As noted above, NYSE and NYSE Amex subsequently filed
proposed rule changes designed to address the same concerns as the
Nasdaq proposal. Although similar to the Nasdaq proposal in many
respects, certain provisions of the NYSE and NYSE Amex proposals
materially differ from the Nasdaq proposal, including a one-year
instead of a six-month seasoning period, and a more general requirement
to maintain the minimum listing price for a ``sustained period,''
rather than on at least 30 of the 60 trading days prior to filing the
listing application. Unlike the Nasdaq proposal, the NYSE and NYSE Amex
proposals also include an exemption for Reverse Merger companies that
list in connection with certain underwritten public offerings.
The Commission shares the concerns of Nasdaq, as well as NYSE and
NYSE Amex, with respect to fraud and manipulation in connection with
the formation of Reverse Merger companies and their listing on an
exchange. The Commission also believes that meaningful enhancements to
exchange listing standards, including more rigorous seasoning
requirements that are appropriately targeted at Reverse Merger
companies could help prevent fraud and manipulation in this area, and
protect investors and the public interest. Because of the importance of
this issue, however, the Commission believes the Nasdaq proposal should
be considered together with the NYSE and NYSE Amex proposals, to assure
that the exchanges develop and implement consistent and effective
enhancements to their listing standards, to best address the serious
concerns that have arisen with respect to the listing of Reverse Merger
companies. Accordingly, in light of the material differences between
the Nasdaq proposal and the NYSE and NYSE Amex proposals, and the
concerns raised by commenters, the Commission believes that questions
are raised as to whether Nasdaq's proposal is consistent with the
requirements of Section 6(b)(5) of the Act, including whether the
proposed listing requirements would prevent fraud and manipulation,
promote just and equitable principles of trade, or protect investors
and the public interest.
VI. Procedure: Request for Written Comments
The Commission requests that interested persons provide written
submissions of their views, data and arguments with respect to the
concerns identified above, as well as any others they may have with the
proposal. In particular, the Commission invites the written views of
interested persons concerning whether the proposed rule change is
inconsistent with Section 6(b)(5) or any other provision of the Act, or
the rules and regulation thereunder.
[[Page 57793]]
Although there do not appear to be any issues relevant to approval or
disapproval which would be facilitated by an oral presentation of
views, data, and arguments, the Commission will consider, pursuant to
Rule 19b-4, any request for an opportunity to make an oral
presentation.\19\
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\19\ Section 19(b) (2) of the Act, as amended by the Securities
Act Amendments of 1975, Public Law 94-29 (June 4, 1975), grants the
Commission flexibility to determine what type of proceeding--either
oral or notice and opportunity for written comments--is appropriate
for consideration of a particular proposal by a self-regulatory
organization. See Securities Act Amendments of 1975, Senate Comm. on
Banking, Housing & Urban Affairs, S. Rep. No. 75, 94th Cong., 1st
Sess. 30 (1975).
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Interested persons are invited to submit written data, views and
arguments regarding whether the proposed rule change should be
disapproved by October 17, 2011. Any person who wishes to file a
rebuttal to any other person's submission must file that rebuttal by
October 26, 2011.
Comments may be submitted by any of the following methods:
Electronic Comments
Use the Commission's Internet comment form (https://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml); or
Send an e-mail to rule-comments@sec.gov. Please include
File Number SR-NASDAQ-2011-073 on the subject line.
Paper Comments
Send paper comments in triplicate to Elizabeth M. Murphy,
Secretary, Securities and Exchange Commission, 100 F Street, NE.,
Washington, DC 20549-1090.
All submissions should refer to File Number SR-NASDAQ-2011-073. This
file number should be included on the subject line if e-mail is used.
To help the Commission process and review your comments more
efficiently, please use only one method. The Commission will post all
comments on the Commission's Internet Web site (https://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml). Copies of the submission, all subsequent amendments,
all written statements with respect to the proposed rule change that
are filed with the Commission, and all written communications relating
to the proposed rule change between the Commission and any person,
other than those that may be withheld from the public in accordance
with the provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be available for Web site
viewing and printing in the Commission's Public Reference Room, 100 F
Street, NE., Washington, DC 20549, on official business days between
the hours of 10 a.m. and 3 p.m. Copies of such filing also will be
available for inspection and copying at the principal office of the
Exchange. All comments received will be posted without change; the
Commission does not edit personal identifying information from
submissions. You should submit only information that you wish to make
available publicly. All submissions should refer to File Number SR-
NASDAQ-2011-073 and should be submitted on or before October 17, 2011.
Rebuttal comments should be submitted by October 26, 2011.
For the Commission, by the Division of Trading and Markets,
pursuant to delegated authority.\20\
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\20\ 17 CFR 200.30-3(a)(57).
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Elizabeth M. Murphy,
Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2011-23735 Filed 9-15-11; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011-01-P