Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of Filing of Proposed Rule Change To Adopt Additional Listing Requirements for Reverse Mergers, 34781-34783 [2011-14648]
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Federal Register / Vol. 76, No. 114 / Tuesday, June 14, 2011 / Notices
June 8, 2011.
Cathy H. Ahn,
Deputy Secretary.
(‘‘Act’’),1 and Rule 19b–4 thereunder,2
notice is hereby given that on May 26,
2011, The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC
(‘‘Nasdaq’’) filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission (‘‘Commission’’)
the proposed rule change as described
in Items I and II below, which Items
have been prepared by Nasdaq. The
Commission is publishing this notice to
solicit comments on the proposed rule
change from interested persons.
[FR Doc. 2011–14669 Filed 6–13–11; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
Sunshine Act Meeting
Notice is hereby given, pursuant to
the provisions of the Government in the
Sunshine Act, Public Law 94–409, that
the Securities and Exchange
Commission (‘‘SEC’’) and the
Commodity Futures Trading
Commission (‘‘CFTC’’) will hold public
roundtable discussions on Thursday,
June 16, 2011 at the CFTC’s
headquarters at Three Lafayette Centre,
1155 21st Street, NW., Washington, DC
20581.
The meeting will begin at 9 a.m. and
will be open to the public, with seating
on a first-come, first-served basis.
Visitors will be subject to security
checks. This Sunshine Act notice is
being issued because a majority of the
Commission may attend the meeting.
The agenda for the meeting includes
panel discussions concerning the
definitions of ‘‘swap dealer,’’ ‘‘securitybased swap dealer,’’ ‘‘major swap
participant,’’ and ‘‘major security-based
swap participant’’ in the context of
certain authority that Section 712(d)(1)
of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform
and Consumer Protection Act granted
the Agencies.
For further information, please
contact the CFTC’s Office of Public
Affairs at (202) 418–5080 or the SEC’s
Office of Public Affairs at (202) 551–
4120.
Dated: June 9, 2011.
Elizabeth M. Murphy,
Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2011–14783 Filed 6–10–11; 11:15 am]
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
I. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Terms of the Substance
of the Proposed Rule Change
Nasdaq proposes to adopt additional
listing requirements for a company that
has become public through a
combination with a public shell,
whether through a reverse merger,
exchange offer, or otherwise (a ‘‘Reverse
Merger’’).3 Nasdaq will implement the
proposed rule for applications received
after approval.
The text of the proposed rule change
is below. Proposed new language is in
italics; proposed deletions are in
[brackets].4
5005. Definitions
(a) The following is a list of definitions
used throughout the Nasdaq Listing Rules.
This section also lists various terms together
with references to other rules where they are
specifically defined. Unless otherwise
specified by the Rules, these terms shall have
the meanings set forth below. Defined terms
are capitalized throughout the Listing Rules.
(1)—(34) No change.
(35) ‘‘Reverse Merger’’ means any
transaction whereby an operating company
becomes public by combining with a public
shell, whether through a reverse merger,
exchange offer, or otherwise. However, a
Reverse Merger does not include the
acquisition of an operating company by a
listed company satisfying the requirements of
IM–5101–2 or a business combination
described in Rule 5110(a). In determining
whether a Company is a shell, Nasdaq will
look to a number of factors, including but not
limited to: whether the Company is
considered a ‘‘shell company’’ as defined in
Rule 12b–2 under the Act; what percentage
of the Company’s assets are active versus
passive; whether the Company generates
revenues, and if so, whether the revenues are
passively or actively generated; whether the
1 15
srobinson on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with NOTICES
[Release No. 34–64633; File No. SR–
NASDAQ–2011–073]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; The
NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of
Filing of Proposed Rule Change To
Adopt Additional Listing Requirements
for Reverse Mergers
June 8, 2011.
Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
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Jkt 223001
U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
CFR 240.19b–4.
3 This proposed rule change replaces a previous
filing by Nasdaq in order to eliminate the
previously proposed exception for a Reverse Merger
that was also conducting a firm commitment,
underwritten public offering and to clarify other
portions of the original proposal. See Securities
Exchange Act Release No. 64371 (April 29, 2011),
76 FR 25730 (May 5, 2011) (SR–NASDAQ–2011–
056). The Commission notes that SR–NASDAQ–
2011–056 was withdrawn on May 26, 2011.
4 Changes are marked to the rule text that appears
in the electronic manual of Nasdaq found at
https://nasdaqomx.cchwallstreet.com.
2 17
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34781
Company’s expenses are reasonably related
to the revenues being generated; how many
employees support the Company’s revenuegenerating business operations; how long the
Company has been without material business
operations; and whether the Company has
publicly announced a plan to begin operating
activities or generate revenues, including
through a near-term acquisition or
transaction.
(36) ’’Round Lot’’ or ‘‘Normal Unit of
Trading’’ means 100 shares of a security
unless, with respect to a particular security,
Nasdaq determines that a normal unit of
trading shall constitute other than 100 shares.
If a normal unit of trading is other than 100
shares, a special identifier shall be appended
to the Company’s Nasdaq symbol.
[(36)] (37) ‘‘Round Lot Holder’’ means a
holder of a Normal Unit of Trading. The
number of beneficial holders will be
considered in addition to holders of record.
[(37)] (38) ‘‘Shareholder’’ means a record or
beneficial owner of a security listed or
applying to list. For purposes of the Rule
5000 Series, the term ‘‘Shareholder’’
includes, for example, a limited partner, the
owner of a depository receipt, or unit.
[(38)] (39) ‘‘Substantial Shareholder’’ is
defined in Rule 5635(e)(3).
[(39)] (40) ‘‘Substitution Listing Event’’
means: a reverse stock split, re-incorporation
or a change in the Company’s place of
organization, the formation of a holding
company that replaces a listed Company,
reclassification or exchange of a Company’s
listed shares for another security, the listing
of a new class of securities in substitution for
a previously-listed class of securities, or any
technical change whereby the Shareholders
of the original Company receive a share-forshare interest in the new Company without
any change in their equity position or rights.
[(40)] (41) ‘‘Total Holders’’ means holders
of a security that includes both beneficial
holders and holders of record.
5110. Change of Control, Bankruptcy and
Liquidation, and Reverse Mergers
(a)–(b) No change
(c) Reverse Mergers
A Company that is formed by a Reverse
Merger shall be eligible to submit an
application for initial listing only if the
combined entity has, immediately preceding
the filing of the initial listing application: (i)
traded for at least six months in the U.S.
over-the-counter market, on another national
securities exchange, or on a foreign
exchange, following the filing with the
Commission or Other Regulatory Authority of
all required information about the
transaction, including audited financial
statements for the combined entity; and (ii)
maintained a Bid Price of $4 per share or
higher on at least 30 of the most recent 60
trading days.
In addition, such a Company may only be
approved for listing if, at the time of
approval, it has timely filed: (i) in the case
of a domestic issuer, its most recent two
required periodic financial reports with the
Commission or Other Regulatory Authority
(Forms 10–Q or 10–K) containing at least six
months of information about the combined
entity; or (ii) in the case of a Foreign Private
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34782
Federal Register / Vol. 76, No. 114 / Tuesday, June 14, 2011 / Notices
Issuer, comparable information as described
in (i) above on Forms 6–K, 20–F or 40–F. In
the case of a Foreign Private Issuer, a Form
6–K would be considered timely if, consistent
with Rule 5250(c)(2), it includes an interim
balance sheet and income statement, which
must be presented in English, and is filed no
later than six months following the end of the
applicable quarter.
*
*
*
*
*
5210. Prerequisites for Applying to List on
The Nasdaq Stock Market
(a)–(h) No change
(i) Reverse Mergers
A security issued by a Company formed
through a Reverse Merger shall be eligible for
initial listing only if the conditions set forth
in Rule 5110(c) are satisfied.
*
*
*
*
*
II. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
Change
In its filing with the Commission,
Nasdaq included statements concerning
the purpose of and basis for the
proposed rule change and discussed any
comments it received on the proposed
rule change. The text of these statements
may be examined at the places specified
in Item IV below. Nasdaq has prepared
summaries, set forth in Sections A, B,
and C below, of the most significant
aspects of such statements.
srobinson on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with NOTICES
A. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
Change
1. Purpose
In recent months there has been an
extraordinary level of public attention to
listed companies that went public via a
Reverse Merger, where an unlisted
operating company becomes a public
company by merging with a public
shell.5 The financial press, short sellers
and others have raised allegations of
widespread fraudulent behavior by
these companies, leading to concerns
that their financial statements cannot be
relied upon. Concerns have also been
raised that certain individuals who
aggressively promote these transactions
have significant regulatory histories or
have engaged in transactions that are
disproportionately beneficial to them at
the expense of public shareholders. The
Public Company Accounting Oversight
Board (‘‘PCAOB’’) has also identified
5 See, e.g., Beware This Chinese Export, Barron’s
(August 28, 2010), available at https://
online.barrons.com/article/SB500014240529702
04304404575449812943183940.html. See also
Speech by SEC Commissioner by Commissioner
Luis A. Aguilar: Facilitating Real Capital Formation
(April 4, 2011), available at https://www.sec.gov/
news/speech/2011/spch040411laa.htm.
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16:27 Jun 13, 2011
Jkt 223001
issues with the audits of these
companies and, in response, has issued
Staff Audit Practice Alert No. 6/July 12,
2010 and Staff Research Note #2011–P1/
March 2011, cautioning registered
accounting firms to follow certain
specified auditing practices. The SEC
recently took an enforcement action
based on a firm’s audit of a Reverse
Merger company.6 In addition, Nasdaq
is aware of situations where it appeared
that promoters and others intended to
manipulate prices higher to satisfy
Nasdaq’s initial listing bid price
requirement and where companies have,
for example, gifted stock to artificially
satisfy the 300 round lot public holder
requirement. Nasdaq does not list
companies in instances such as these,
where it appears the company has
achieved compliance with a
requirement in an inappropriate
manner.
In response to these concerns, Nasdaq
staff has, over the past year, adopted
heightened review procedures for
Reverse Merger applicants. However,
Nasdaq also believes that additional
requirements for listing Reverse Merger
companies are appropriate to discourage
inappropriate behavior on the part of
companies, promoters and others.
Accordingly, Nasdaq proposes to adopt
certain ‘‘seasoning’’ requirements for
Reverse Mergers.7
Specifically, Nasdaq proposes to
prohibit a company going public by
combining with a public shell 8 from
applying to list until six months after
the combined entity submits all
required information about the
transaction, including audited financial
statements, to the SEC.9 Further, Nasdaq
proposes to require that the company
maintain a $4 bid price on at least 30
of the 60 trading days immediately prior
to submitting the application. Finally,
under the proposed rule, Nasdaq would
not approve any Reverse Merger for
listing unless the company has timely
filed its two most recent financial
reports with the SEC if it is a domestic
issuer (this could be two quarterly
filings or a quarterly and an annual
filing) or comparable information if it is
a foreign private issuer.10 While most
companies will satisfy this requirement
due to the six month delay before they
can apply, Nasdaq believes that it is
important to assure that this
requirement be satisfied in all cases.
Nasdaq believes that this proposal
will result in significant investor
protection benefits. Specifically, a six
month seasoning requirement will allow
the Financial Industry Regulatory
Authority, Inc. (‘‘FINRA’’) and other
regulators more time to view trading
patterns and uncover potentially
manipulative trading.11 It will also
result in a more bona fide shareholder
base and assure that the $4 bid price
was not satisfied through a quick
manipulative scheme. Requiring
additional SEC filings will tend to
improve the reliability of the reported
6 In re Moore Stephens Wurth Frazer and Torbet,
Order Instituting Public Administrative and Ceaseand-Desist Proceedings, Securities Act Release No.
9166 (December 20, 2010).
7 Even if a company meets these proposed new
requirements, Nasdaq could still deny listing based
on the authority described in Rule 5101 to apply
additional or more stringent criteria in order to
maintain the quality of and public confidence in the
market, to prevent fraudulent and manipulative acts
and practices, to promote just and equitable
principles of trade, and to protect investors and the
public interest.
8 For purposes of this rule, Nasdaq will treat as
a combination any transaction whereby an
operating company becomes public by combining
with a public shell, whether through a reverse
merger, exchange offer, or otherwise. However, a
Reverse Merger does not include the acquisition of
an operating company by a listed company
satisfying the requirements of IM–5101–2 (relating
to companies whose business plan is to complete
one or more acquisitions) or a business combination
described in Rule 5110(a) (relating to a listed
company that combines with a non-Nasdaq entity,
resulting in a change of control of the Company and
potentially allowing the non-Nasdaq entity to
obtain a Nasdaq Listing, sometimes called a ‘‘backdoor listing’’). In these cases, FINRA is already
reviewing the trading of the listed security and
Nasdaq is already reviewing the company and the
individuals associated with it. Additionally, Nasdaq
rules require that the company re-apply for initial
listing and during that process Nasdaq would
review any newly associated individuals as well as
the financial information of the combined company.
A Reverse Merger would also not include a
Substitution Listing Event, as defined in Rule
5005(a)(39) (proposed to be renumbered as Rule
5005(a)(40), such as the formation of a holding
company to replace the listed company or a merger
to facilitate a re-incorporation, because in these
cases the operating company is already a listed
entity.
9 A company must file a Form 8–K within four
days of completing a reverse merger. The Form 8–
K must contain audited financial statements and
information comparable to the information
provided in a Form 10 for the registration of
securities. See Form 8–K Items 2.01, 5.06, and
9.01(c). This six month period would not begin to
run until the complete Form 8–K, meeting the
Commission’s requirements, is filed.
10 Nasdaq’s experience has been that Reverse
Merger’s typically involve domestic shells.
However, in the event that the Reverse Merger
involves a shell that is a foreign private issuer, the
combined entity would have to timely file financial
reports for the most recent annual period, or a more
recent six-month period. These reports would have
to reflect at least six months of information about
the post-merger entity and could be an interim
report on Form 6–K or an annual report on Forms
20–F or 40–F. A Form 6–K would be considered
timely if, consistent with Rule 5250(c)(2), it
includes an interim balance sheet and income
statement, which must be presented in English, no
later than six months following the end of the
applicable quarter.
11 FINRA reviews trading of companies trading in
the over-the-counter market in the United States.
Foreign regulators and other exchanges would
similarly have more time to review trading for other
companies.
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Federal Register / Vol. 76, No. 114 / Tuesday, June 14, 2011 / Notices
financial results, since the auditors will
have reviewed several quarters, at least,
of the public company’s operating
results, as will the company’s audit
committee. To the extent the company
had adopted new internal controls at the
time of the merger, those too will have
been in place and able to exert a
corrective influence over any previous
flaws in the company’s financial
reporting process.
2. Statutory Basis
Nasdaq believes that the proposed
rule change is consistent with the
provisions of Section 6 of the Act,12 in
general and with Section 6(b)(5) of the
Act,13 in particular in that it is designed
to prevent fraudulent and manipulative
acts and practices, to promote just and
equitable principles of trade, to foster
cooperation and coordination with
persons engaged in regulating, clearing,
settling, processing information with
respect to, and facilitating transactions
in securities, to remove impediments to
and perfect the mechanism of a free and
open market and a national market
system, and, in general, to protect
investors and the public interest. The
proposed rule change is designed to
enhance investor protection by
imposing additional requirements on a
category of companies that have raised
regulatory concerns.
B. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement on Burden on Competition
Nasdaq does not believe that the
proposed rule change will result in any
burden on competition that is not
necessary or appropriate in furtherance
of the purposes of the Act, as amended.
srobinson on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with NOTICES
C. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement on Comments on the
Proposed Rule Change Received From
Members, Participants, or Others
Written comments were neither
solicited nor received.
III. Date of Effectiveness of the
Proposed Rule Change and Timing for
Commission Action
Within 45 days of the date of
publication of this notice in the Federal
Register or within such longer period (i)
as the Commission may designate up to
90 days of such date if it finds such
longer period to be appropriate and
publishes its reasons for so finding or
(ii) as to which the self-regulatory
organization consents, the Commission
will:
A. By order approve or disapprove
such proposed rule change, or
12 15
U.S.C. 78f.
13 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).
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B. Institute proceedings to determine
whether the proposed rule change
should be disapproved.
IV. Solicitation of Comments
Interested persons are invited to
submit written data, views, and
arguments concerning the foregoing,
including whether the proposed rule
change, as amended, is consistent with
the Act. Comments may be submitted by
any of the following methods:
Electronic Comments
• Use the Commission’s Internet
comment form (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml); or
• Send an e-mail to rulecomments@sec.gov. Please include File
Number SR–NASDAQ–2011–073 on the
subject line.
Paper Comments
• Send paper comments in triplicate
to Elizabeth M. Murphy, Secretary,
Securities and Exchange Commission,
100 F Street, NE., Washington, DC
20549–1090.
All submissions should refer to File
Number SR–NASDAQ–2011–073. This
file number should be included on the
subject line if e-mail is used.
To help the Commission process and
review your comments more efficiently,
please use only one method. The
Commission will post all comments on
the Commission’s Internet Web site
(https://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml).
Copies of the submission, all subsequent
amendments, all written statements
with respect to the proposed rule
change that are filed with the
Commission, and all written
communications relating to the
proposed rule change between the
Commission and any person, other than
those that may be withheld from the
public in accordance with the
provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be
available for Web site viewing and
printing in the Commission’s Public
Reference Room on official business
days between the hours of 10 a.m. and
3 p.m. Copies of such filing also will be
available for inspection and copying at
the principal office of Nasdaq. All
comments received will be posted
without change; the Commission does
not edit personal identifying
information from submissions. You
should submit only information that
you wish to make available publicly. All
submissions should refer to File
Number SR–NASDAQ–2011–073, and
should be submitted on or before July 5,
2011.
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34783
For the Commission, by the Division of
Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated
authority.14
Cathy H. Ahn,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2011–14648 Filed 6–13–11; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
[Release No. 34–64630; File No. SR–
NASDAQ–2011–074]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; The
NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of
Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of
Proposed Rule Change To Amend Rule
7034 Regarding Certain Co-Location
Installation Fees
June 8, 2011.
Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
(‘‘Act’’),1 and Rule 19b–4 thereunder,2
notice is hereby given that on May 26,
2011, The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC
(‘‘NASDAQ’’ or ‘‘Exchange’’) filed with
the Securities and Exchange
Commission (‘‘Commission’’) the
proposed rule change as described in
Items I, II, and III below, which Items
have been prepared by the Exchange.
The Commission is publishing this
notice to solicit comments on the
proposed rule change from interested
persons.
I. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Terms of the Substance
of the Proposed Rule Change
The Exchange proposes to amend
Rule 7034 regarding fees assessed for
the installation of certain co-location
services. The Exchange will implement
the proposed change on June 1, 2011.
The text of the proposed rule change is
available at https://
nasdaq.cchwallstreet.com/, at the
Exchange’s principal office, and at the
Commission’s Public Reference Room.
II. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
Change
In its filing with the Commission, the
Exchange included statements
concerning the purpose of and basis for
the proposed rule change and discussed
any comments it received on the
proposed rule change. The text of these
statements may be examined at the
places specified in Item IV below. The
Exchange has prepared summaries, set
14 17
CFR 200.30–3(a)(12).
U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
2 17 CFR 240.19b–4.
1 15
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Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 76, Number 114 (Tuesday, June 14, 2011)]
[Notices]
[Pages 34781-34783]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2011-14648]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
[Release No. 34-64633; File No. SR-NASDAQ-2011-073]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC;
Notice of Filing of Proposed Rule Change To Adopt Additional Listing
Requirements for Reverse Mergers
June 8, 2011.
Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
(``Act''),\1\ and Rule 19b-4 thereunder,\2\ notice is hereby given that
on May 26, 2011, The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC (``Nasdaq'') filed with
the Securities and Exchange Commission (``Commission'') the proposed
rule change as described in Items I and II below, which Items have been
prepared by Nasdaq. The Commission is publishing this notice to solicit
comments on the proposed rule change from interested persons.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
\2\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
I. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Terms of the
Substance of the Proposed Rule Change
Nasdaq proposes to adopt additional listing requirements for a
company that has become public through a combination with a public
shell, whether through a reverse merger, exchange offer, or otherwise
(a ``Reverse Merger'').\3\ Nasdaq will implement the proposed rule for
applications received after approval.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\3\ This proposed rule change replaces a previous filing by
Nasdaq in order to eliminate the previously proposed exception for a
Reverse Merger that was also conducting a firm commitment,
underwritten public offering and to clarify other portions of the
original proposal. See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 64371
(April 29, 2011), 76 FR 25730 (May 5, 2011) (SR-NASDAQ-2011-056).
The Commission notes that SR-NASDAQ-2011-056 was withdrawn on May
26, 2011.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The text of the proposed rule change is below. Proposed new
language is in italics; proposed deletions are in [brackets].\4\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\4\ Changes are marked to the rule text that appears in the
electronic manual of Nasdaq found at https://nasdaqomx.cchwallstreet.com.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
5005. Definitions
(a) The following is a list of definitions used throughout the
Nasdaq Listing Rules. This section also lists various terms together
with references to other rules where they are specifically defined.
Unless otherwise specified by the Rules, these terms shall have the
meanings set forth below. Defined terms are capitalized throughout
the Listing Rules.
(1)--(34) No change.
(35) ``Reverse Merger'' means any transaction whereby an
operating company becomes public by combining with a public shell,
whether through a reverse merger, exchange offer, or otherwise.
However, a Reverse Merger does not include the acquisition of an
operating company by a listed company satisfying the requirements of
IM-5101-2 or a business combination described in Rule 5110(a). In
determining whether a Company is a shell, Nasdaq will look to a
number of factors, including but not limited to: whether the Company
is considered a ``shell company'' as defined in Rule 12b-2 under the
Act; what percentage of the Company's assets are active versus
passive; whether the Company generates revenues, and if so, whether
the revenues are passively or actively generated; whether the
Company's expenses are reasonably related to the revenues being
generated; how many employees support the Company's revenue-
generating business operations; how long the Company has been
without material business operations; and whether the Company has
publicly announced a plan to begin operating activities or generate
revenues, including through a near-term acquisition or transaction.
(36) ''Round Lot'' or ``Normal Unit of Trading'' means 100
shares of a security unless, with respect to a particular security,
Nasdaq determines that a normal unit of trading shall constitute
other than 100 shares. If a normal unit of trading is other than 100
shares, a special identifier shall be appended to the Company's
Nasdaq symbol.
[(36)] (37) ``Round Lot Holder'' means a holder of a Normal Unit
of Trading. The number of beneficial holders will be considered in
addition to holders of record.
[(37)] (38) ``Shareholder'' means a record or beneficial owner
of a security listed or applying to list. For purposes of the Rule
5000 Series, the term ``Shareholder'' includes, for example, a
limited partner, the owner of a depository receipt, or unit.
[(38)] (39) ``Substantial Shareholder'' is defined in Rule
5635(e)(3).
[(39)] (40) ``Substitution Listing Event'' means: a reverse
stock split, re-incorporation or a change in the Company's place of
organization, the formation of a holding company that replaces a
listed Company, reclassification or exchange of a Company's listed
shares for another security, the listing of a new class of
securities in substitution for a previously-listed class of
securities, or any technical change whereby the Shareholders of the
original Company receive a share-for-share interest in the new
Company without any change in their equity position or rights.
[(40)] (41) ``Total Holders'' means holders of a security that
includes both beneficial holders and holders of record.
5110. Change of Control, Bankruptcy and Liquidation, and Reverse
Mergers
(a)-(b) No change
(c) Reverse Mergers
A Company that is formed by a Reverse Merger shall be eligible
to submit an application for initial listing only if the combined
entity has, immediately preceding the filing of the initial listing
application: (i) traded for at least six months in the U.S. over-
the-counter market, on another national securities exchange, or on a
foreign exchange, following the filing with the Commission or Other
Regulatory Authority of all required information about the
transaction, including audited financial statements for the combined
entity; and (ii) maintained a Bid Price of $4 per share or higher on
at least 30 of the most recent 60 trading days.
In addition, such a Company may only be approved for listing if,
at the time of approval, it has timely filed: (i) in the case of a
domestic issuer, its most recent two required periodic financial
reports with the Commission or Other Regulatory Authority (Forms 10-
Q or 10-K) containing at least six months of information about the
combined entity; or (ii) in the case of a Foreign Private
[[Page 34782]]
Issuer, comparable information as described in (i) above on Forms 6-
K, 20-F or 40-F. In the case of a Foreign Private Issuer, a Form 6-K
would be considered timely if, consistent with Rule 5250(c)(2), it
includes an interim balance sheet and income statement, which must
be presented in English, and is filed no later than six months
following the end of the applicable quarter.
* * * * *
5210. Prerequisites for Applying to List on The Nasdaq Stock Market
(a)-(h) No change
(i) Reverse Mergers
A security issued by a Company formed through a Reverse Merger
shall be eligible for initial listing only if the conditions set
forth in Rule 5110(c) are satisfied.
* * * * *
II. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change
In its filing with the Commission, Nasdaq included statements
concerning the purpose of and basis for the proposed rule change and
discussed any comments it received on the proposed rule change. The
text of these statements may be examined at the places specified in
Item IV below. Nasdaq has prepared summaries, set forth in Sections A,
B, and C below, of the most significant aspects of such statements.
A. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change
1. Purpose
In recent months there has been an extraordinary level of public
attention to listed companies that went public via a Reverse Merger,
where an unlisted operating company becomes a public company by merging
with a public shell.\5\ The financial press, short sellers and others
have raised allegations of widespread fraudulent behavior by these
companies, leading to concerns that their financial statements cannot
be relied upon. Concerns have also been raised that certain individuals
who aggressively promote these transactions have significant regulatory
histories or have engaged in transactions that are disproportionately
beneficial to them at the expense of public shareholders. The Public
Company Accounting Oversight Board (``PCAOB'') has also identified
issues with the audits of these companies and, in response, has issued
Staff Audit Practice Alert No. 6/July 12, 2010 and Staff Research Note
2011-P1/March 2011, cautioning registered accounting firms to
follow certain specified auditing practices. The SEC recently took an
enforcement action based on a firm's audit of a Reverse Merger
company.\6\ In addition, Nasdaq is aware of situations where it
appeared that promoters and others intended to manipulate prices higher
to satisfy Nasdaq's initial listing bid price requirement and where
companies have, for example, gifted stock to artificially satisfy the
300 round lot public holder requirement. Nasdaq does not list companies
in instances such as these, where it appears the company has achieved
compliance with a requirement in an inappropriate manner.
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\5\ See, e.g., Beware This Chinese Export, Barron's (August 28,
2010), available at https://online.barrons.com/article/SB50001424052970204304404575449812943183940.html. See also Speech by
SEC Commissioner by Commissioner Luis A. Aguilar: Facilitating Real
Capital Formation (April 4, 2011), available at https://www.sec.gov/news/speech/2011/spch040411laa.htm.
\6\ In re Moore Stephens Wurth Frazer and Torbet, Order
Instituting Public Administrative and Cease-and-Desist Proceedings,
Securities Act Release No. 9166 (December 20, 2010).
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In response to these concerns, Nasdaq staff has, over the past
year, adopted heightened review procedures for Reverse Merger
applicants. However, Nasdaq also believes that additional requirements
for listing Reverse Merger companies are appropriate to discourage
inappropriate behavior on the part of companies, promoters and others.
Accordingly, Nasdaq proposes to adopt certain ``seasoning''
requirements for Reverse Mergers.\7\
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\7\ Even if a company meets these proposed new requirements,
Nasdaq could still deny listing based on the authority described in
Rule 5101 to apply additional or more stringent criteria in order to
maintain the quality of and public confidence in the market, to
prevent fraudulent and manipulative acts and practices, to promote
just and equitable principles of trade, and to protect investors and
the public interest.
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Specifically, Nasdaq proposes to prohibit a company going public by
combining with a public shell \8\ from applying to list until six
months after the combined entity submits all required information about
the transaction, including audited financial statements, to the SEC.\9\
Further, Nasdaq proposes to require that the company maintain a $4 bid
price on at least 30 of the 60 trading days immediately prior to
submitting the application. Finally, under the proposed rule, Nasdaq
would not approve any Reverse Merger for listing unless the company has
timely filed its two most recent financial reports with the SEC if it
is a domestic issuer (this could be two quarterly filings or a
quarterly and an annual filing) or comparable information if it is a
foreign private issuer.\10\ While most companies will satisfy this
requirement due to the six month delay before they can apply, Nasdaq
believes that it is important to assure that this requirement be
satisfied in all cases.
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\8\ For purposes of this rule, Nasdaq will treat as a
combination any transaction whereby an operating company becomes
public by combining with a public shell, whether through a reverse
merger, exchange offer, or otherwise. However, a Reverse Merger does
not include the acquisition of an operating company by a listed
company satisfying the requirements of IM-5101-2 (relating to
companies whose business plan is to complete one or more
acquisitions) or a business combination described in Rule 5110(a)
(relating to a listed company that combines with a non-Nasdaq
entity, resulting in a change of control of the Company and
potentially allowing the non-Nasdaq entity to obtain a Nasdaq
Listing, sometimes called a ``back-door listing''). In these cases,
FINRA is already reviewing the trading of the listed security and
Nasdaq is already reviewing the company and the individuals
associated with it. Additionally, Nasdaq rules require that the
company re-apply for initial listing and during that process Nasdaq
would review any newly associated individuals as well as the
financial information of the combined company. A Reverse Merger
would also not include a Substitution Listing Event, as defined in
Rule 5005(a)(39) (proposed to be renumbered as Rule 5005(a)(40),
such as the formation of a holding company to replace the listed
company or a merger to facilitate a re-incorporation, because in
these cases the operating company is already a listed entity.
\9\ A company must file a Form 8-K within four days of
completing a reverse merger. The Form 8-K must contain audited
financial statements and information comparable to the information
provided in a Form 10 for the registration of securities. See Form
8-K Items 2.01, 5.06, and 9.01(c). This six month period would not
begin to run until the complete Form 8-K, meeting the Commission's
requirements, is filed.
\10\ Nasdaq's experience has been that Reverse Merger's
typically involve domestic shells. However, in the event that the
Reverse Merger involves a shell that is a foreign private issuer,
the combined entity would have to timely file financial reports for
the most recent annual period, or a more recent six-month period.
These reports would have to reflect at least six months of
information about the post-merger entity and could be an interim
report on Form 6-K or an annual report on Forms 20-F or 40-F. A Form
6-K would be considered timely if, consistent with Rule 5250(c)(2),
it includes an interim balance sheet and income statement, which
must be presented in English, no later than six months following the
end of the applicable quarter.
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Nasdaq believes that this proposal will result in significant
investor protection benefits. Specifically, a six month seasoning
requirement will allow the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority,
Inc. (``FINRA'') and other regulators more time to view trading
patterns and uncover potentially manipulative trading.\11\ It will also
result in a more bona fide shareholder base and assure that the $4 bid
price was not satisfied through a quick manipulative scheme. Requiring
additional SEC filings will tend to improve the reliability of the
reported
[[Page 34783]]
financial results, since the auditors will have reviewed several
quarters, at least, of the public company's operating results, as will
the company's audit committee. To the extent the company had adopted
new internal controls at the time of the merger, those too will have
been in place and able to exert a corrective influence over any
previous flaws in the company's financial reporting process.
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\11\ FINRA reviews trading of companies trading in the over-the-
counter market in the United States. Foreign regulators and other
exchanges would similarly have more time to review trading for other
companies.
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2. Statutory Basis
Nasdaq believes that the proposed rule change is consistent with
the provisions of Section 6 of the Act,\12\ in general and with Section
6(b)(5) of the Act,\13\ in particular in that it is designed to prevent
fraudulent and manipulative acts and practices, to promote just and
equitable principles of trade, to foster cooperation and coordination
with persons engaged in regulating, clearing, settling, processing
information with respect to, and facilitating transactions in
securities, to remove impediments to and perfect the mechanism of a
free and open market and a national market system, and, in general, to
protect investors and the public interest. The proposed rule change is
designed to enhance investor protection by imposing additional
requirements on a category of companies that have raised regulatory
concerns.
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\12\ 15 U.S.C. 78f.
\13\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).
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B. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement on Burden on Competition
Nasdaq does not believe that the proposed rule change will result
in any burden on competition that is not necessary or appropriate in
furtherance of the purposes of the Act, as amended.
C. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement on Comments on the Proposed
Rule Change Received From Members, Participants, or Others
Written comments were neither solicited nor received.
III. Date of Effectiveness of the Proposed Rule Change and Timing for
Commission Action
Within 45 days of the date of publication of this notice in the
Federal Register or within such longer period (i) as the Commission may
designate up to 90 days of such date if it finds such longer period to
be appropriate and publishes its reasons for so finding or (ii) as to
which the self-regulatory organization consents, the Commission will:
A. By order approve or disapprove such proposed rule change, or
B. Institute proceedings to determine whether the proposed rule
change should be disapproved.
IV. Solicitation of Comments
Interested persons are invited to submit written data, views, and
arguments concerning the foregoing, including whether the proposed rule
change, as amended, is consistent with the Act. Comments may be
submitted by any of the following methods:
Electronic Comments
Use the Commission's Internet comment form (https://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml); or
Send an e-mail to rule-comments@sec.gov. Please include
File Number SR-NASDAQ-2011-073 on the subject line.
Paper Comments
Send paper comments in triplicate to Elizabeth M. Murphy,
Secretary, Securities and Exchange Commission, 100 F Street, NE.,
Washington, DC 20549-1090.
All submissions should refer to File Number SR-NASDAQ-2011-073. This
file number should be included on the subject line if e-mail is used.
To help the Commission process and review your comments more
efficiently, please use only one method. The Commission will post all
comments on the Commission's Internet Web site (https://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml). Copies of the submission, all subsequent amendments,
all written statements with respect to the proposed rule change that
are filed with the Commission, and all written communications relating
to the proposed rule change between the Commission and any person,
other than those that may be withheld from the public in accordance
with the provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be available for Web site
viewing and printing in the Commission's Public Reference Room on
official business days between the hours of 10 a.m. and 3 p.m. Copies
of such filing also will be available for inspection and copying at the
principal office of Nasdaq. All comments received will be posted
without change; the Commission does not edit personal identifying
information from submissions. You should submit only information that
you wish to make available publicly. All submissions should refer to
File Number SR-NASDAQ-2011-073, and should be submitted on or before
July 5, 2011.
For the Commission, by the Division of Trading and Markets,
pursuant to delegated authority.\14\
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\14\ 17 CFR 200.30-3(a)(12).
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Cathy H. Ahn,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2011-14648 Filed 6-13-11; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011-01-P