Certain Printing and Imaging Devices and Components Thereof; Notice of Commission Determination To Review-in-Part a Final Determination Finding a Violation of Section 337; Schedule for Filing Written Submissions on the Issues Under Review and on Remedy, the Public Interest, and Bonding, 73128-73130 [2010-29910]
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73128
Federal Register / Vol. 75, No. 228 / Monday, November 29, 2010 / Notices
request confidential treatment unless
the information has already been
granted such treatment during the
proceedings. All such requests should
be directed to the Secretary of the
Commission and must include a full
statement of the reasons why the
Commission should grant such
treatment. See section 201.6 of the
Commission’s Rules of Practice and
Procedure, 19 CFR 201.6. Documents for
which confidential treatment by the
Commission is sought will be treated
accordingly. All nonconfidential written
submissions will be available for public
inspection at the Office of the Secretary.
The authority for the Commission’s
determination is contained in section
337 of the Tariff Act of 1930, as
amended (19 U.S.C. 1337), and in
sections 210.42-.46 of the Commission’s
Rules of Practice and Procedure (19 CFR
210.42-.46).
Issued: November 19, 2010.
By order of the Commission.
Marilyn R. Abbott,
Secretary to the Commission.
[FR Doc. 2010–29911 Filed 11–26–10; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 7020–02–P
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
COMMISSION
[Investigation No. 337–TA–690]
Certain Printing and Imaging Devices
and Components Thereof; Notice of
Commission Determination To Reviewin-Part a Final Determination Finding a
Violation of Section 337; Schedule for
Filing Written Submissions on the
Issues Under Review and on Remedy,
the Public Interest, and Bonding
U.S. International Trade
Commission.
ACTION: Notice.
AGENCY:
Notice is hereby given that
the U.S. International Trade
Commission has determined to review a
portion of the final initial determination
(‘‘ID’’) issued by the presiding
administrative law judge (‘‘ALJ’’) on
September 23, 2010 finding a violation
of section 337 and to request briefing on
the issues under review and on remedy,
the public interest, and bonding.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Daniel E. Valencia, Office of the General
Counsel, U.S. International Trade
Commission, 500 E Street, SW.,
Washington, DC 20436, telephone (202)
205–1999. Copies of non-confidential
documents filed in connection with this
investigation are or will be available for
inspection during official business
hours (8:45 a.m. to 5:15 p.m.) in the
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SUMMARY:
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17:57 Nov 26, 2010
Jkt 223001
Office of the Secretary, U.S.
International Trade Commission, 500 E
Street, SW., Washington, DC 20436,
telephone (202) 205–2000. General
information concerning the Commission
may also be obtained by accessing its
Internet server at https://www.usitc.gov.
The public record for this investigation
may be viewed on the Commission’s
electronic docket (EDIS) at https://edis.
usitc.gov. Hearing-impaired persons are
advised that information on this matter
can be obtained by contacting the
Commission’s TDD terminal on (202)
205–1810.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The
Commission instituted this investigation
on October 26, 2009, based on a
complaint filed by Ricoh Company, Ltd.
of Tokyo, Japan; Ricoh Americas
Corporation of West Caldwell, New
Jersey; and Ricoh Electronics, Inc. of
Tustin, California (collectively ‘‘Ricoh’’).
74 FR 55065 (Oct. 26, 2009). The
complaint alleged, inter alia, violations
of section 337 in the importation into
the United States, the sale for
importation, and the sale within the
United States after importation of
certain printing and imaging devices
and components thereof by reason of
infringement of U.S. Patent Nos.
6,209,048 (‘‘the ‘048 patent’’); 6,212,343
(‘‘the ‘343 patent’’); 6,388,771 (‘‘the ‘771
patent’’); 5,764,866 (‘‘the ‘866 patent);
and 5,863,690 (‘‘the ‘690 patent’’). The
complaint named Oki Data Corporation
of Tokyo, Japan and Oki Data Americas,
Inc. of Mount Laurel, New Jersey
(collectively ‘‘Oki’’) as respondents.
On September 23, 2010, the ALJ
issued his final ID finding that Oki
violated section 337 in the importation
into the United States, the sale for
importation, and the sale within the
United States after importation of
certain printing and imaging devices
and components thereof by reason of
infringement of several claims in the
‘690 patent. The ALJ found that Oki has
not violated section 337 with respect to
the ‘048, ‘343, ‘771, and ‘866 patents.
Along with the ID, the ALJ issued a
recommended determination on remedy
and bonding (‘‘RD’’). Complainant Ricoh,
respondent Oki, and the Commission
investigative attorney (‘‘IA’’) filed
petitions for review of the ID on October
6, 2010. Ricoh, Oki, and the IA each
filed responses to the petitions for
review on October 14, 2010.
Having examined the record of this
investigation, including the ALJ’s final
ID, the petitions for review, and the
responses thereto, the Commission has
determined to review the final ID in
part. In particular, the Commission has
determined to review all findings and
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conclusions relating to whether a
violation of section 337 has occurred
with respect to the ‘343 and ‘690
patents.
The parties are requested to brief their
positions on the issues under review
with reference to the applicable law and
the evidentiary record. In connection
with its review, the Commission is
particularly interested in responses to
the following questions:
The ‘343 Patent
(1) The Commission has determined
to review all findings relating to the
limitation ‘‘a direction orthogonal to a
longitudinal direction of the developing
roller,’’ as recited in the asserted claims
of the ‘343 patent.
(a) Please state your position on the
meaning of ‘‘a longitudinal direction of
the developing roller,’’ as recited in the
asserted claims. How does your position
differ from the ALJ’s construction?
(b) Specifically, does ‘‘a longitudinal
direction’’ include any line extending
parallel to the central axis of the roller?
Or, does this refer to the central axis
itself?
(c) Please state your position on the
meaning of ‘‘a direction orthogonal to a
longitudinal direction of the developing
roller.’’ Please take into account that the
planar blade is bent along its entire
width, and do not confine your analysis
to two-dimensional cross-sections.
(d) Assuming ‘‘a longitudinal
direction’’ can include any line
extending parallel to the central axis of
the roller, can ‘‘a direction orthogonal’’
refer to a direction that is not
perpendicular to the surface of the
roller, i.e., a tangent extending through
the surface of the roller?
(e) Given the planar shape of the
blade contacts the roller in three
dimensions along the entire width of the
blade, and is bent along the entire width
of the blade, is there any bend that
would not meet the ‘‘direction
orthogonal’’ limitation?
(f) How does your answer to (d)
comport with the preferred embodiment
of the ‘343 patent shown in Figures 8A
and 8B? Is the blade 17 shown in
Figures 8A and 8B bent in ‘‘a direction
orthogonal to a longitudinal direction of
the developing roller?’’
(g) How do your answers to (a)
through (e) affect the ALJ’s findings
regarding infringement, validity, and
domestic industry?
(2) The Commission has determined
to review the ALJ’s construction of ‘‘a
lower edge,’’ as recited in the asserted
claims of the ‘343 patent. The asserted
claims of the ‘343 patent recite, among
other things:
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Federal Register / Vol. 75, No. 228 / Monday, November 29, 2010 / Notices
wherein the blade includes a wide-width
part * * * and a narrow-width part * * *
configured * * * to be [sic] bend in a
direction orthogonal to a longitudinal
direction of the developing roller * * * and
the narrow-width part is disposed
downstream of the contact point of the blade
and the roller part * * * in the rotation
direction.
JX–4 (‘343 patent), col. 25, ll. 16–30
(emphasis added).
(a) Please explain whether the
language emphasized above informs the
meaning of ‘‘a lower edge.’’
(b) Can the claimed ‘‘a lower edge’’
refer to an edge of the ‘‘narrow-width
part,’’ an edge of the ‘‘wide-width part,’’
or both?
(c) If the narrow-width part of the
blade is bent away from the roller such
that the edge opposite the boundary
between the wide-width part and the
narrow-width part does not contact the
roller, as shown in Figures 8A, 8B, and
12, how should ‘‘a lower edge’’ be
construed?
(d) Can ‘‘a lower edge thereof contacts
the roller part of the developing roller’’
refer to contact between the roller and
an area extending from the lower edge
of the blade to a point on the blade
slightly above the lower edge?
(e) How do your answers to (a)
through (d) affect the ALJ’s findings
regarding infringement, validity, and
domestic industry?
mstockstill on DSKH9S0YB1PROD with NOTICES
The ‘690 Patent
(1) The Commission has determined
to review the ALJ’s determination of the
level of ordinary skill in the art of the
‘690 patent. See ID at 99. Please
comment on what the level of ordinary
skill in the art is with respect to the ’690
patent. Please provide specific citations
to the record and testimony. Although
the parties are invited to brief their
respective positions generally on this
issue, the Commission is specifically
interested in answers to the following
questions:
(a) Would it be appropriate for the
Commission to modify the ALJ’s
determination to add the fields of
applied rheology and/or applied
material science to the types of
experience that would satisfy the threeyear minimum requirement in the ALJ’s
determination?
(b) Would it be appropriate for the
Commission to modify or remove the
ALJ’s determination to remove the
three-year minimum experience
requirement altogether?
(c) Would it be appropriate for the
Commission to modify the ALJ’s
familiarity requirement by, for example,
requiring familiarity with at least one
(as opposed to all) of the following
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17:57 Nov 26, 2010
Jkt 223001
technological areas: heat transfer, fuser
roller design and technology, toner
rheology, toner adhesion, release agent
management, nip geometry, image
fixing, paper path geometry, contact
angle and surface roughness
characteristics and testing of
xerographic user rollers?
(d) Would it be appropriate for the
Commission to modify the ALJ’s
familiarity requirement to remove any
technological areas not directly related
to the interaction between a toner and
a fuser roller?
(2) The Commission has determined
to review the ALJ’s determination that
the asserted claims of the ‘690 patent are
not anticipated.
(a) What are the ‘‘above-mentioned
surface physical properties’’ mentioned
in column 6, lines 4–5 of the ‘690
patent?
(b) Please comment on whether
examples 1 and 2 of the ‘690 patent
inform the patent’s statement in column
6 that PTFE (polytetrafkuoroethylene)
and polytetrafluoroethylene/
perfluoralkylvinylether (PFA) are
‘‘[s]pecific examples of materials for the
fixing member which easily satisfy the
above-mentioned surface physical
properties.’’
(c) Under what circumstances (if any)
would a PTFE fuser roller not have an
adhesion constant ratio of less than
about 8.0 when measuring receding and
static contact angles using 2nitropropane and n-heptane,
respectively, as set forth in the ‘690
patent?
(d) To what extent is the adhesion
constant ratio dependent on the surface
roughness of the fuser roller and
composition of the toner? How does the
subject matter of dependent claims 9–16
inform your response, if at all?
(e) Is it appropriate under current
legal precedent to consider the asserted
patent’s disclosure in determining what
would be inherent in the prior art?
(f) Please comment on whether the
dependent claims of the ‘690 patent are
anticipated or obvious, assuming claim
1 of the ‘690 patent is found to be
anticipated.
(g) What materials are the OL 400
rollers and OL 1200 rollers coated with?
Has this material changed since the
critical date of the ‘690 patent?
(3) Please state your position with
respect to contributory infringement by
Oki of the asserted claims of the ‘690
patent.
(4) Please provide a summary of
Ricoh’s annual labor costs associated
with the C200 domestic product. Please
isolate costs by year and indicate any
possible trends.
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73129
(5) Are the C200 MFP’s ‘‘articles
protected by the [‘690] patent’’ under
section 337(a)(2)?
As to the ‘048, ‘771, and ‘866 patents,
the Commission has determined that
Oki did not violate section 337. The
Commission has determined to review
and take no position on the following
findings and conclusions in the ID,
however:
(1) The finding that the Taylor
reference (‘‘A Telerobot on the World
Wide Web’’) (RX–281) does not
anticipate or render obvious claims 19–
21 and 23 of the ‘048 patent;
(2) The finding that U.S. Patent Nos.
5,657,448 and 5,784,622 do not
anticipate or render obvious the asserted
claims of the ‘048 patent;
(3) The ALJ’s determination not to
construe the following claim terms in
the ‘048 patent: ‘‘descriptor,’’ ‘‘resource
identifier defining a resource and its
location,’’ ‘‘command,’’ and
‘‘interconnected, on-line documents’’;
(4) The construction of
‘‘communications mechanism’’ in claim
19 of the ‘048 patent and associated
findings on the issues of infringement,
domestic industry, and validity;
(5) The finding that Japanese
Published Application No. JP H07–
306934 does not anticipate or render
obvious the asserted claims of the ‘771
patent; and
(6) The finding that claim 13 of the
‘771 patent is infringed.
The Commission has determined to
review the ALJ’s findings that the claim
terms ‘‘scan means,’’ ‘‘print means,’’
‘‘copy means,’’ and ‘‘test means’’ of the
‘866 patent, and the claim terms
‘‘scanning means,’’ ‘‘means for setting an
operation code,’’ and ‘‘a code unit for
setting an operation code’’ of the ‘771
patent do not render the asserted claims
indefinite. Upon review, the
Commission has determined that the
terms at issue are not indefinite under
the relevant standard set forth in
Aristocrat Technologies. v. International
Game Technology, 521 F.3d 1328, 1337
(Fed. Cir. 2008). The Commission
adopts the ALJ’s substantive analysis of
these issues set forth in his Order No.
29 (May 4, 2010).
In connection with the final
disposition of this investigation, the
Commission may (1) issue an order that
could result in the exclusion of the
subject articles from entry into the
United States, and/or (2) issue one or
more cease and desist orders that could
result in the respondent(s) being
required to cease and desist from
engaging in unfair acts in the
importation and sale of such articles.
Accordingly, the Commission is
E:\FR\FM\29NON1.SGM
29NON1
mstockstill on DSKH9S0YB1PROD with NOTICES
73130
Federal Register / Vol. 75, No. 228 / Monday, November 29, 2010 / Notices
interested in receiving written
submissions that address the form of
remedy, if any, that should be ordered.
If a party seeks exclusion of an article
from entry into the United States for
purposes other than entry for
consumption, the party should so
indicate and provide information
establishing that activities involving
other types of entry either are adversely
affecting it or likely to do so. For
background, see In the Matter of Certain
Devices for Connecting Computers via
Telephone Lines, Inv. No. 337–TA–360,
USITC Pub. No. 2843 (December 1994)
(Commission Opinion).
If the Commission contemplates some
form of remedy, it must consider the
effects of that remedy upon the public
interest. The factors the Commission
will consider include the effect that an
exclusion order and/or cease and desist
orders would have on (1) the public
health and welfare, (2) competitive
conditions in the U.S. economy, (3) U.S.
production of articles that are like or
directly competitive with those that are
subject to investigation, and (4) U.S.
consumers. The Commission is
therefore interested in receiving written
submissions that address the
aforementioned public interest factors
in the context of this investigation.
If the Commission orders some form
of remedy, the U.S. Trade
Representative, as delegated by the
President, has 60 days to approve or
disapprove the Commission’s action.
See Presidential Memorandum of July
21, 2005, 70 FR 43251 (July 26, 2005).
During this period, the subject articles
would be entitled to enter the United
States under bond, in an amount
determined by the Commission and
prescribed by the Secretary of the
Treasury. The Commission is therefore
interested in receiving submissions
concerning the amount of the bond that
should be imposed if a remedy is
ordered.
Written Submissions: The parties to
the investigation are requested to file
written submissions on the issues
identified in this notice. Parties to the
investigation, interested government
agencies, and any other interested
parties are encouraged to file written
submissions on the issues of remedy,
the public interest, and bonding. Such
submissions should address the ALJ’s
recommendation on remedy and
bonding set forth in the RD.
Complainants and the IA are also
requested to submit proposed remedial
orders for the Commission’s
consideration. Complainants are also
requested to state the date that the ‘690
and ‘343 patents expire and the HTSUS
numbers under which the accused
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17:57 Nov 26, 2010
Jkt 223001
products are imported. The written
submissions and proposed remedial
orders must be filed no later than close
of business on Thursday December 9,
2010. Reply submissions must be filed
no later than the close of business on
Friday December 17, 2010. No further
submissions on these issues will be
permitted unless otherwise ordered by
the Commission.
Persons filing written submissions
must file the original document and 12
true copies thereof on or before the
deadlines stated above with the Office
of the Secretary. Any person desiring to
submit a document to the Commission
in confidence must request confidential
treatment unless the information has
already been granted such treatment
during the proceedings. All such
requests should be directed to the
Secretary of the Commission and must
include a full statement of the reasons
why the Commission should grant such
treatment. See 19 CFR 210.6. Documents
for which confidential treatment by the
Commission is sought will be treated
accordingly. All nonconfidential written
submissions will be available for public
inspection at the Office of the Secretary.
The authority for the Commission’s
determination is contained in section
337 of the Tariff Act of 1930, as
amended (19 U.S.C. 1337), and in
sections 210.42–46 and 210.50 of the
Commission’s Rules of Practice and
Procedure (19 CFR 210.42–46 and
210.50).
Issued: November 22, 2010.
By order of the Commission.
Marilyn R. Abbott,
Secretary to the Commission.
[FR Doc. 2010–29910 Filed 11–26–10; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 7020–02–P
DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
Notice of Lodging of Consent Decree
and Environmental Settlement under
the Comprehensive Environmental
Response, Compensation and Liability
Act, and the Resource Conservation
and Recovery Act
Notice is hereby given that on
November 23, 2010, a proposed Consent
Decree and Environmental Settlement
Agreement (‘‘Settlement Agreement’’) in
the matter of In re: Tronox Incorporated,
et al., Case No.09–10156 (ALG) (Jointly
Administered), was lodged with the
United States Bankruptcy Court for the
Southern District of New York.
The parties to the proposed
Settlement Agreement are Tronox
Incorporated, and fourteen of its
affiliates (collectively, ‘‘Tronox’’ or
‘‘Debtors’’), the United States, the Navajo
PO 00000
Frm 00104
Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
Nation, twenty-two states, and several
municipalities (collectively, the
‘‘Governmental Environmental
Claimants’’). The proposed Settlement
Agreement creates five environmental
response trusts and provides for Tronox
to pay $270 million and certain other
consideration to the environmental
response trusts and Governmental
Environmental Claimants. Additionally,
Tronox is to assign its rights in a
pending fraudulent conveyance lawsuit
against its former parent, Kerr-McGee
Corporation, and Anadarko Petroleum
Corporation, which purchased KerrMcGee, to a litigation trust that will pay
88% of its net recoveries to the
environmental response trusts and
Governmental Environmental
Claimaints. The fraudulent conveyance
lawsuit alleges that Kerr-McGee and
Anadarko defrauded Tronox and its
creditors, including the United States,
by imposing on Tronox all of KerrMcGee’s environmental liabilities
without sufficient means to satisfy those
liabilities.
The Settlement Agreement resolves
certain environmental liabilities of the
Debtors to the Governmental
Environmental Claimants at more than
2000 sites and indicates the amount of
cash and percentage of net recoveries
from the fraudulent conveyance action
that will be provided by site. Among the
sites included in the settlement are:
The Mobile Pigment Complex, Mobile,
AL
The former Petroleum Terminal Site,
Birmingham, AL
The Jacksonville AgChem Site,
Jacksonville, FL
The former titanium dioxide Plant,
Savannah, GA
The Rare Earths Facility, W. Chicago, IL
The Kress Creek and Residential Areas
Sites, W. Chicago, IL
The Lindsay Light Thorium Sites,
Chicago, IL
The former wood treating facility,
Madison, IL
The Soda Springs Vanadium Plant, Soda
Springs, ID
The former wood treating facility,
Columbus, MS
The former wood treating facility,
Hattiesburg, MS
The Navassa wood treating Site,
Wilmington, NC
The Henderson Facility, Henderson, NV
The former wood treating facility,
Bossier City, LA
The Calhoun Gas Plant Site, Calhoun,
LA
The Fireworks Site, Hanover, MA
The former nuclear fuels facility,
Cimarron, OK
The Cleveland Refinery Site, Cleveland,
OK
E:\FR\FM\29NON1.SGM
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Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 75, Number 228 (Monday, November 29, 2010)]
[Notices]
[Pages 73128-73130]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2010-29910]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION
[Investigation No. 337-TA-690]
Certain Printing and Imaging Devices and Components Thereof;
Notice of Commission Determination To Review-in-Part a Final
Determination Finding a Violation of Section 337; Schedule for Filing
Written Submissions on the Issues Under Review and on Remedy, the
Public Interest, and Bonding
AGENCY: U.S. International Trade Commission.
ACTION: Notice.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: Notice is hereby given that the U.S. International Trade
Commission has determined to review a portion of the final initial
determination (``ID'') issued by the presiding administrative law judge
(``ALJ'') on September 23, 2010 finding a violation of section 337 and
to request briefing on the issues under review and on remedy, the
public interest, and bonding.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Daniel E. Valencia, Office of the
General Counsel, U.S. International Trade Commission, 500 E Street,
SW., Washington, DC 20436, telephone (202) 205-1999. Copies of non-
confidential documents filed in connection with this investigation are
or will be available for inspection during official business hours
(8:45 a.m. to 5:15 p.m.) in the Office of the Secretary, U.S.
International Trade Commission, 500 E Street, SW., Washington, DC
20436, telephone (202) 205-2000. General information concerning the
Commission may also be obtained by accessing its Internet server at
https://www.usitc.gov. The public record for this investigation may be
viewed on the Commission's electronic docket (EDIS) at https://edis.usitc.gov. Hearing-impaired persons are advised that information
on this matter can be obtained by contacting the Commission's TDD
terminal on (202) 205-1810.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The Commission instituted this investigation
on October 26, 2009, based on a complaint filed by Ricoh Company, Ltd.
of Tokyo, Japan; Ricoh Americas Corporation of West Caldwell, New
Jersey; and Ricoh Electronics, Inc. of Tustin, California (collectively
``Ricoh''). 74 FR 55065 (Oct. 26, 2009). The complaint alleged, inter
alia, violations of section 337 in the importation into the United
States, the sale for importation, and the sale within the United States
after importation of certain printing and imaging devices and
components thereof by reason of infringement of U.S. Patent Nos.
6,209,048 (``the `048 patent''); 6,212,343 (``the `343 patent'');
6,388,771 (``the `771 patent''); 5,764,866 (``the `866 patent); and
5,863,690 (``the `690 patent''). The complaint named Oki Data
Corporation of Tokyo, Japan and Oki Data Americas, Inc. of Mount
Laurel, New Jersey (collectively ``Oki'') as respondents.
On September 23, 2010, the ALJ issued his final ID finding that Oki
violated section 337 in the importation into the United States, the
sale for importation, and the sale within the United States after
importation of certain printing and imaging devices and components
thereof by reason of infringement of several claims in the `690 patent.
The ALJ found that Oki has not violated section 337 with respect to the
`048, `343, `771, and `866 patents. Along with the ID, the ALJ issued a
recommended determination on remedy and bonding (``RD''). Complainant
Ricoh, respondent Oki, and the Commission investigative attorney
(``IA'') filed petitions for review of the ID on October 6, 2010.
Ricoh, Oki, and the IA each filed responses to the petitions for review
on October 14, 2010.
Having examined the record of this investigation, including the
ALJ's final ID, the petitions for review, and the responses thereto,
the Commission has determined to review the final ID in part. In
particular, the Commission has determined to review all findings and
conclusions relating to whether a violation of section 337 has occurred
with respect to the `343 and `690 patents.
The parties are requested to brief their positions on the issues
under review with reference to the applicable law and the evidentiary
record. In connection with its review, the Commission is particularly
interested in responses to the following questions:
The `343 Patent
(1) The Commission has determined to review all findings relating
to the limitation ``a direction orthogonal to a longitudinal direction
of the developing roller,'' as recited in the asserted claims of the
`343 patent.
(a) Please state your position on the meaning of ``a longitudinal
direction of the developing roller,'' as recited in the asserted
claims. How does your position differ from the ALJ's construction?
(b) Specifically, does ``a longitudinal direction'' include any
line extending parallel to the central axis of the roller? Or, does
this refer to the central axis itself?
(c) Please state your position on the meaning of ``a direction
orthogonal to a longitudinal direction of the developing roller.''
Please take into account that the planar blade is bent along its entire
width, and do not confine your analysis to two-dimensional cross-
sections.
(d) Assuming ``a longitudinal direction'' can include any line
extending parallel to the central axis of the roller, can ``a direction
orthogonal'' refer to a direction that is not perpendicular to the
surface of the roller, i.e., a tangent extending through the surface of
the roller?
(e) Given the planar shape of the blade contacts the roller in
three dimensions along the entire width of the blade, and is bent along
the entire width of the blade, is there any bend that would not meet
the ``direction orthogonal'' limitation?
(f) How does your answer to (d) comport with the preferred
embodiment of the `343 patent shown in Figures 8A and 8B? Is the blade
17 shown in Figures 8A and 8B bent in ``a direction orthogonal to a
longitudinal direction of the developing roller?''
(g) How do your answers to (a) through (e) affect the ALJ's
findings regarding infringement, validity, and domestic industry?
(2) The Commission has determined to review the ALJ's construction
of ``a lower edge,'' as recited in the asserted claims of the `343
patent. The asserted claims of the `343 patent recite, among other
things:
[[Page 73129]]
wherein the blade includes a wide-width part * * * and a narrow-
width part * * * configured * * * to be [sic] bend in a direction
orthogonal to a longitudinal direction of the developing roller * *
* and the narrow-width part is disposed downstream of the contact
point of the blade and the roller part * * * in the rotation
direction.
JX-4 (`343 patent), col. 25, ll. 16-30 (emphasis added).
(a) Please explain whether the language emphasized above informs
the meaning of ``a lower edge.''
(b) Can the claimed ``a lower edge'' refer to an edge of the
``narrow-width part,'' an edge of the ``wide-width part,'' or both?
(c) If the narrow-width part of the blade is bent away from the
roller such that the edge opposite the boundary between the wide-width
part and the narrow-width part does not contact the roller, as shown in
Figures 8A, 8B, and 12, how should ``a lower edge'' be construed?
(d) Can ``a lower edge thereof contacts the roller part of the
developing roller'' refer to contact between the roller and an area
extending from the lower edge of the blade to a point on the blade
slightly above the lower edge?
(e) How do your answers to (a) through (d) affect the ALJ's
findings regarding infringement, validity, and domestic industry?
The `690 Patent
(1) The Commission has determined to review the ALJ's determination
of the level of ordinary skill in the art of the `690 patent. See ID at
99. Please comment on what the level of ordinary skill in the art is
with respect to the '690 patent. Please provide specific citations to
the record and testimony. Although the parties are invited to brief
their respective positions generally on this issue, the Commission is
specifically interested in answers to the following questions:
(a) Would it be appropriate for the Commission to modify the ALJ's
determination to add the fields of applied rheology and/or applied
material science to the types of experience that would satisfy the
three-year minimum requirement in the ALJ's determination?
(b) Would it be appropriate for the Commission to modify or remove
the ALJ's determination to remove the three-year minimum experience
requirement altogether?
(c) Would it be appropriate for the Commission to modify the ALJ's
familiarity requirement by, for example, requiring familiarity with at
least one (as opposed to all) of the following technological areas:
heat transfer, fuser roller design and technology, toner rheology,
toner adhesion, release agent management, nip geometry, image fixing,
paper path geometry, contact angle and surface roughness
characteristics and testing of xerographic user rollers?
(d) Would it be appropriate for the Commission to modify the ALJ's
familiarity requirement to remove any technological areas not directly
related to the interaction between a toner and a fuser roller?
(2) The Commission has determined to review the ALJ's determination
that the asserted claims of the `690 patent are not anticipated.
(a) What are the ``above-mentioned surface physical properties''
mentioned in column 6, lines 4-5 of the `690 patent?
(b) Please comment on whether examples 1 and 2 of the `690 patent
inform the patent's statement in column 6 that PTFE
(polytetrafkuoroethylene) and polytetrafluoroethylene/
perfluoralkylvinylether (PFA) are ``[s]pecific examples of materials
for the fixing member which easily satisfy the above-mentioned surface
physical properties.''
(c) Under what circumstances (if any) would a PTFE fuser roller not
have an adhesion constant ratio of less than about 8.0 when measuring
receding and static contact angles using 2-nitropropane and n-heptane,
respectively, as set forth in the `690 patent?
(d) To what extent is the adhesion constant ratio dependent on the
surface roughness of the fuser roller and composition of the toner? How
does the subject matter of dependent claims 9-16 inform your response,
if at all?
(e) Is it appropriate under current legal precedent to consider the
asserted patent's disclosure in determining what would be inherent in
the prior art?
(f) Please comment on whether the dependent claims of the `690
patent are anticipated or obvious, assuming claim 1 of the `690 patent
is found to be anticipated.
(g) What materials are the OL 400 rollers and OL 1200 rollers
coated with? Has this material changed since the critical date of the
`690 patent?
(3) Please state your position with respect to contributory
infringement by Oki of the asserted claims of the `690 patent.
(4) Please provide a summary of Ricoh's annual labor costs
associated with the C200 domestic product. Please isolate costs by year
and indicate any possible trends.
(5) Are the C200 MFP's ``articles protected by the [`690] patent''
under section 337(a)(2)?
As to the `048, `771, and `866 patents, the Commission has determined
that Oki did not violate section 337. The Commission has determined to
review and take no position on the following findings and conclusions
in the ID, however:
(1) The finding that the Taylor reference (``A Telerobot on the
World Wide Web'') (RX-281) does not anticipate or render obvious claims
19-21 and 23 of the `048 patent;
(2) The finding that U.S. Patent Nos. 5,657,448 and 5,784,622 do
not anticipate or render obvious the asserted claims of the `048
patent;
(3) The ALJ's determination not to construe the following claim
terms in the `048 patent: ``descriptor,'' ``resource identifier
defining a resource and its location,'' ``command,'' and
``interconnected, on-line documents'';
(4) The construction of ``communications mechanism'' in claim 19 of
the `048 patent and associated findings on the issues of infringement,
domestic industry, and validity;
(5) The finding that Japanese Published Application No. JP H07-
306934 does not anticipate or render obvious the asserted claims of the
`771 patent; and
(6) The finding that claim 13 of the `771 patent is infringed.
The Commission has determined to review the ALJ's findings that the
claim terms ``scan means,'' ``print means,'' ``copy means,'' and ``test
means'' of the `866 patent, and the claim terms ``scanning means,''
``means for setting an operation code,'' and ``a code unit for setting
an operation code'' of the `771 patent do not render the asserted
claims indefinite. Upon review, the Commission has determined that the
terms at issue are not indefinite under the relevant standard set forth
in Aristocrat Technologies. v. International Game Technology, 521 F.3d
1328, 1337 (Fed. Cir. 2008). The Commission adopts the ALJ's
substantive analysis of these issues set forth in his Order No. 29 (May
4, 2010).
In connection with the final disposition of this investigation, the
Commission may (1) issue an order that could result in the exclusion of
the subject articles from entry into the United States, and/or (2)
issue one or more cease and desist orders that could result in the
respondent(s) being required to cease and desist from engaging in
unfair acts in the importation and sale of such articles. Accordingly,
the Commission is
[[Page 73130]]
interested in receiving written submissions that address the form of
remedy, if any, that should be ordered. If a party seeks exclusion of
an article from entry into the United States for purposes other than
entry for consumption, the party should so indicate and provide
information establishing that activities involving other types of entry
either are adversely affecting it or likely to do so. For background,
see In the Matter of Certain Devices for Connecting Computers via
Telephone Lines, Inv. No. 337-TA-360, USITC Pub. No. 2843 (December
1994) (Commission Opinion).
If the Commission contemplates some form of remedy, it must
consider the effects of that remedy upon the public interest. The
factors the Commission will consider include the effect that an
exclusion order and/or cease and desist orders would have on (1) the
public health and welfare, (2) competitive conditions in the U.S.
economy, (3) U.S. production of articles that are like or directly
competitive with those that are subject to investigation, and (4) U.S.
consumers. The Commission is therefore interested in receiving written
submissions that address the aforementioned public interest factors in
the context of this investigation.
If the Commission orders some form of remedy, the U.S. Trade
Representative, as delegated by the President, has 60 days to approve
or disapprove the Commission's action. See Presidential Memorandum of
July 21, 2005, 70 FR 43251 (July 26, 2005). During this period, the
subject articles would be entitled to enter the United States under
bond, in an amount determined by the Commission and prescribed by the
Secretary of the Treasury. The Commission is therefore interested in
receiving submissions concerning the amount of the bond that should be
imposed if a remedy is ordered.
Written Submissions: The parties to the investigation are requested
to file written submissions on the issues identified in this notice.
Parties to the investigation, interested government agencies, and any
other interested parties are encouraged to file written submissions on
the issues of remedy, the public interest, and bonding. Such
submissions should address the ALJ's recommendation on remedy and
bonding set forth in the RD. Complainants and the IA are also requested
to submit proposed remedial orders for the Commission's consideration.
Complainants are also requested to state the date that the `690 and
`343 patents expire and the HTSUS numbers under which the accused
products are imported. The written submissions and proposed remedial
orders must be filed no later than close of business on Thursday
December 9, 2010. Reply submissions must be filed no later than the
close of business on Friday December 17, 2010. No further submissions
on these issues will be permitted unless otherwise ordered by the
Commission.
Persons filing written submissions must file the original document
and 12 true copies thereof on or before the deadlines stated above with
the Office of the Secretary. Any person desiring to submit a document
to the Commission in confidence must request confidential treatment
unless the information has already been granted such treatment during
the proceedings. All such requests should be directed to the Secretary
of the Commission and must include a full statement of the reasons why
the Commission should grant such treatment. See 19 CFR 210.6. Documents
for which confidential treatment by the Commission is sought will be
treated accordingly. All nonconfidential written submissions will be
available for public inspection at the Office of the Secretary.
The authority for the Commission's determination is contained in
section 337 of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended (19 U.S.C. 1337), and
in sections 210.42-46 and 210.50 of the Commission's Rules of Practice
and Procedure (19 CFR 210.42-46 and 210.50).
Issued: November 22, 2010.
By order of the Commission.
Marilyn R. Abbott,
Secretary to the Commission.
[FR Doc. 2010-29910 Filed 11-26-10; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 7020-02-P