Northern Funds, et al.; Notice of Application, 44821-44826 [2010-18675]
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Road—‘‘The Trust will undertake
measures to discourage traffic not
destined for the [District] from passing
through the area, including considering
restrictions on Battery Caulfield road to
allow passage by [District] traffic only
and will institute traffic-calming
techniques to slow traffic through the
district.’’ (p. 11, PHSH Record of
Decision.)
By Resolution 08–5 adopted on
November 13, 2007, the Board
determined that limiting vehicular use
of Battery Caulfield Road is necessary to
maintain public health and safety, to
protect environmental values, to protect
natural resources, and to avoid conflict
among visitor uses, and authorized the
Trust Executive Director to implement
Alternative 2. As 36 CFR 1001.5(c)
encourages the achievement of public
use limits by less restrictive measures
where possible, subsequent to the
adoption of Resolution 08–5 Trust staff
revisited the approach to achieve the
desired traffic limitation on Battery
Caulfield Road, and have determined
that it may possibly be met by
Alternative 1, a closure that is limited
to weekday peak hours and to
weekends.
Under Alternative 1, northbound
motor vehicle access on Battery
Caulfield Road will be restricted
beginning approximately at the northern
edge of the parking lot at the District
lower plateau. Advance warning signage
within the District, within the park as a
whole, and within the immediate areas
of the City (subject to consent by the
City of San Francisco) will notify
drivers of the restrictions. Southbound
traffic will be restricted at the
intersection of Battery Caulfield Road
and Washington Boulevard. Access by
pedestrians and bicyclists will not be
restricted, and the anticipated reduction
in traffic is expected to improve
conditions for these park users. If the
Trust determines that Alternative 1 is
insufficient to reduce the cut-through
traffic adequately, then the Trust will
implement Alternative 2.
Reference: 16 U.S.C. 460bb appendix;
36 CFR 1001.5.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: John
Fa (415.561.5065), The Presidio Trust,
34 Graham Street, P.O. Box 29052, San
Francisco, CA 94129–0052.
Comments: Address all written
comments about Alternative 1,
Alternative 2, or both to: The Planning
Department, The Presidio Trust, 34
Graham Street, P.O. Box 29052, San
Francisco, CA 94129–0052. Comments
must be received by the Trust no later
than September 1, 2010. All written
comments submitted to the Trust will be
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considered, and this proposed use limit
may be modified accordingly. The final
decision of the Trust will be published
in the Federal Register.
If individuals submitting comments
request that their address or other
contact information be withheld from
public disclosure, it will be honored to
the extent allowable by law. Such
requests must be stated prominently at
the beginning of the comments. The
Trust will make available for public
inspection all submissions from
organizations or businesses and from
persons identifying themselves as
representatives or officials of
organizations and businesses.
Anonymous comments may not be
considered.
Dated: July 22, 2010.
Karen A. Cook,
General Counsel.
[FR Doc. 2010–18568 Filed 7–28–10; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4310–4R–P
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
[Investment Company Act Release No.
29368; File No. 812–13707]
Northern Funds, et al.; Notice of
Application
July 23, 2010.
Securities and Exchange
Commission (‘‘Commission’’).
ACTION: Notice of an application for an
order pursuant to (a) section 6(c) of the
Investment Company Act of 1940
(‘‘Act’’) granting an exemption from
sections 18(f) and 21(b) of the Act; (b)
section 12(d)(1)(J) of the Act granting an
exemption from section 12(d)(1) of the
Act; (c) sections 6(c) and 17(b) of the
Act granting an exemption from sections
17(a)(1), 17(a)(2) and 17(a)(3) of the Act;
and (d) section 17(d) of the Act and rule
17d–1 under the Act to permit certain
joint arrangements.
AGENCY:
SUMMARY OF THE APPLICATION:
Applicants request an order that would
permit certain registered open-end
management investment companies to
participate in a joint lending and
borrowing facility.
APPLICANTS: Northern Funds (‘‘NF’’),
Northern Institutional Funds (‘‘NIF’’,
each of NF and NIF a ‘‘Trust,’’ and
together, the ‘‘Trusts’’), Northern Trust
Investments, N.A. (‘‘NTI’’), Northern
Trust Global Investments Limited
(‘‘NTGIL’’), and The Northern Trust
Company of Connecticut (‘‘NTCC’’) (each
of NTI, NTGIL, and NTCC, an ‘‘Adviser,’’
and such entities together, the
‘‘Advisers’’).
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44821
The application was filed
on September 30, 2009, and amended
on March 4, 2010. Applicants have
agreed to file an amendment during the
notice period, the substance of which is
reflected in this notice.
HEARING OR NOTIFICATION OF HEARING:
An order granting the application will
be issued unless the Commission orders
a hearing. Interested persons may
request a hearing by writing to the
Commission’s Secretary and serving
applicants with a copy of the request,
personally or by mail. Hearing requests
should be received by the Commission
by 5:30 p.m. on August 17, 2010, and
should be accompanied by proof of
service on applicants, in the form of an
affidavit or, for lawyers, a certificate of
service. Hearing requests should state
the nature of the writer’s interest, the
reason for the request, and the issues
contested. Persons who wish to be
notified of a hearing may request
notification by writing to the
Commission’s Secretary.
ADDRESSES: Secretary, U.S. Securities
and Exchange Commission, 100 F
Street, NE., Washington, DC 20549–
1090; Applicants: NF, NIF, and NTI, 50
South LaSalle Street, Chicago, Illinois
60603; NTGIL, 50 Bank Street, Canary
Wharf, London E14 5NT, United
Kingdom; NTCC, 300 Atlantic Street,
Stamford, Connecticut 06901.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Steven I. Amchan, Senior Counsel, at
(202) 551–6826 or Jennifer L. Sawin,
Branch Chief, at (202) 551–6821
(Division of Investment Management,
Office of Investment Company
Regulation).
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The
following is a summary of the
application. The complete application
may be obtained via the Commission’s
Web site by searching for the file
number, or an applicant using the
Company name box, at https://
www.sec.gov/search/search.htm or by
calling (202) 551–8090.
FILING DATES:
Applicants’ Representations
1. Each Trust is organized as a
Delaware statutory trust and is
registered under the Act as an open-end
management investment company. Each
Trust consists of multiple series
(‘‘Funds’’). Certain of the Funds hold
themselves out as money market funds
in reliance on rule 2a–7 under the Act
(the ‘‘Money Market Funds’’). NTI,
NTGIL, and NTCC are each registered as
an investment adviser under the
Investment Advisers Act of 1940
(‘‘Advisers Act’’) and are each indirect
subsidiaries of Northern Trust
Corporation. NTI is a national banking
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association and serves as the investment
adviser to NIF and NF. NTGIL is a
private company with limited liability
under the laws of England and Wales
and serves as co-investment adviser
with NTI to the NIF International
Growth Portfolio, the NF International
Growth Equity Fund, and NF Global
Fixed Income Fund.1 NTCC is a state
bank and trust company organized
under the laws of Connecticut and
serves as co-investment adviser with
NTI to certain Funds of NF that have
multiple investment sub-advisers. NTI
also serves as administrator of the
Trusts.2
2. At any particular time, while some
Funds enter into repurchase agreements,
or invest their cash balances in Money
Market Funds or other short-term
instruments, other Funds may need to
borrow money for temporary purposes
to satisfy redemption requests, to cover
unanticipated cash shortfalls such as a
trade ‘‘fail’’ in which cash payment for
a security sold by a Fund has been
delayed, or for other temporary
purposes. Currently, the Trusts have a
$100 million revolving bank credit
agreement administered by a bank (the
‘‘Committed Credit Facility’’) for shortterm temporary purposes.
3. When a Fund borrows money
under the Committed Credit Facility, it
pays interest on the loan at a rate that
is significantly higher than the rate that
is earned by other (non-borrowing)
Funds on investments in repurchase
agreements, Money Market Funds, and
other short-term instruments of the
same maturity as the bank loan.
Applicants assert that this differential
represents the profit earned by the
lender on loans and is not attributable
to any material difference in the credit
quality or risk of such transactions.
4. The Trusts seek to enter into master
interfund lending agreements
(‘‘Interfund Lending Agreements’’) with
each other on behalf of the Funds that
would permit each Fund to lend money
1 Beginning July 31, 2010, NTGIL will no longer
be a co-investment adviser to the NIF International
Growth Portfolio and NF International Growth
Equity Fund.
2 Applicants request that the relief also apply to
any other open-end registered management
investment company that is advised by an Adviser
or any entity controlling, controlled by, or under
common control with an Adviser (such entity is
included in the term ‘‘Adviser’’ and is or will be
registered as an investment adviser under the
Advisers Act) and that currently, or in the future,
is part of the same ‘‘group of investment companies’’
as the Trusts, as defined in section 12(d)(1)(G)(ii) of
the Act (included in the term ‘‘Trusts’’). All entities
that currently intend to rely on the requested order
have been named as applicants. Any other entity
that relies on the requested order in the future will
comply with the terms and conditions set forth in
the application.
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directly to and borrow directly from
other Funds through a credit facility for
temporary purposes (an ‘‘Interfund
Loan’’). The Money Market Funds
typically will not participate as
borrowers in the proposed credit
facility. Applicants state that the
proposed credit facility would both
substantially reduce the Funds’
potential borrowing costs and enhance
the ability of the lending Funds to earn
higher rates of interest on their shortterm lendings. Although the proposed
credit facility would substantially
reduce the Funds’ need to borrow from
banks, the Funds would be free to
establish and maintain committed lines
of credit or other borrowing
arrangements with unaffiliated banks.
5. Applicants anticipate that the
proposed credit facility would provide a
borrowing Fund with significant savings
at times when the cash position of the
borrowing Fund is insufficient to meet
temporary cash requirements. This
situation could arise when shareholder
redemptions exceed anticipated
volumes and certain Funds have
insufficient cash on hand to satisfy such
redemptions. When the Funds liquidate
portfolio securities to meet redemption
requests, they often do not receive
payment in settlement for up to three
days (or longer for certain foreign
transactions). However, redemption
requests normally are effected
immediately. The proposed credit
facility would provide a source of
immediate, short-term liquidity pending
settlement of the sale of portfolio
securities.
6. Applicants also anticipate that a
Fund could use the proposed credit
facility when a sale of securities ‘‘fails’’
due to circumstances beyond the Fund’s
control, such as a delay in the delivery
of cash to the Fund’s custodian or
improper delivery instructions by the
broker effecting the transaction. ‘‘Sales
fails’’ may present a cash shortfall if the
Fund has undertaken to purchase a
security using the proceeds from
securities sold. Alternatively, the Fund
could ‘‘fail’’ on its intended purchase
due to lack of funds from the previous
sale, resulting in additional cost to the
Fund, or sell a security on a same-day
settlement basis, earning a lower return
on the investment. Use of the proposed
credit facility under these circumstances
would enable the Fund to have access
to immediate short-term liquidity.
7. While bank borrowings generally
could supply needed cash to cover
unanticipated redemptions and sales
fails, under the proposed credit facility,
a borrowing Fund would pay lower
interest rates than those that would be
payable under short-term loans offered
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by banks. In addition, Funds making
short-term cash loans directly to other
Funds would earn interest at a rate
higher than they otherwise could obtain
from investing their cash in repurchase
agreements or Money Market Funds.
Thus, applicants assert that the
proposed credit facility would benefit
both borrowing and lending Funds.
8. The interest rate to be charged to
the Funds on any Interfund Loan (the
‘‘Interfund Loan Rate’’) would be the
average of the ‘‘Repo Rate’’ and the
‘‘Bank Loan Rate,’’ both as defined
below. The Repo Rate for any day would
be the highest or best (after giving effect
to factors such as the credit quality of
the counterparty) rate available to a
lending Fund from investment in
overnight repurchase agreements with
counterparties approved by the Fund or
its Adviser. The Bank Loan Rate for any
day would be calculated by the
Interfund Lending Committee, as
defined below, each day an Interfund
Loan is made according to a formula
established by each Fund’s board of
trustees (the ‘‘Trustees’’) intended to
approximate the lowest interest rate at
which bank short-term loans would be
available to the Funds. The formula
would be based upon a publicly
available rate (e.g., Federal funds plus
25 basis points) and would vary with
this rate so as to reflect changing bank
loan rates. The initial formula and any
subsequent modifications to the formula
would be subject to the approval of each
Fund’s Trustees. In addition, each
Fund’s Trustees would periodically
review the continuing appropriateness
of using the formula to determine the
Bank Loan Rate, as well as the
relationship between the Bank Loan
Rate and current bank loan rates that
would be available to the Funds.
9. The proposed credit facility would
be administered by investment
professionals and administrative
personnel from one or more of the
Advisers (the ‘‘Interfund Lending
Committee’’). No portfolio manager of
any Fund will serve as a member of the
Interfund Lending Committee. Under
the proposed credit facility, the
portfolio managers for each
participating Fund could provide
standing instructions to participate
daily as a borrower or lender. The
Interfund Lending Committee on each
business day would collect data on the
uninvested cash and borrowing
requirements of all participating Funds.
Once it had determined the aggregate
amount of cash available for loans and
borrowing demand, the Interfund
Lending Committee would allocate
loans among borrowing Funds without
any further communication from the
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portfolio managers of the Funds.
Applicants anticipate that there
typically will be far more available
uninvested cash each day than
borrowing demand. Therefore, after the
Interfund Lending Committee has
allocated cash for Interfund Loans, the
Interfund Lending Committee will
invest any remaining cash in accordance
with the standing instructions of the
portfolio managers or such remaining
amounts will be invested directly by the
portfolio managers of the Funds.
10. The Interfund Lending Committee
would allocate borrowing demand and
cash available for lending among the
Funds on what the Interfund Lending
Committee believes to be an equitable
basis, subject to certain administrative
procedures applicable to all Funds, such
as the time of filing requests to
participate, minimum loan lot sizes, and
the need to minimize the number of
transactions and associated
administrative costs. To reduce
transaction costs, each loan normally
would be allocated in a manner
intended to minimize the number of
participants necessary to complete the
loan transaction. The method of
allocation and related administrative
procedures would be approved by each
Fund’s Trustees, including a majority of
Trustees who are not ‘‘interested
persons’’ of the Fund, as that term is
defined in section 2(a)(19) of the Act
(‘‘Independent Trustees’’), to ensure that
both borrowing and lending Funds
participate on an equitable basis.
11. The Advisers would: (a) Monitor
the Interfund Loan Rate and the other
terms and conditions of the loans; (b)
limit the borrowings and loans entered
into by each Fund to ensure that they
comply with the Fund’s investment
policies and limitations; (c) ensure
equitable treatment of each Fund; and
(d) make quarterly reports to the
Trustees concerning any transactions by
the Funds under the proposed credit
facility and the Interfund Loan Rate
charged.
12. Each Adviser, through the
Interfund Lending Committee, would
administer the proposed credit facility
as a disinterested fiduciary as part of its
duties under the investment
management contract with each Fund
and would receive no additional fee as
compensation for its services in
connection with the administration of
the proposed credit facility. An Adviser
may collect standard pricing, record
keeping, bookkeeping and accounting
fees associated with the transfer of cash
and/or securities in connection with
repurchase and lending transactions
generally, including transactions
effected through the proposed credit
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facility. Such fees would be no higher
than those applicable for comparable
bank loan transactions.
13. No Fund may participate in the
proposed credit facility unless: (a) The
Fund has obtained shareholder approval
for its participation, if such approval is
required by law; (b) the Fund has fully
disclosed all material information
concerning the credit facility in its
prospectus and/or statement of
additional information; and (c) the
Fund’s participation in the credit
facility is consistent with its investment
objectives, limitations and
organizational documents.
14. In connection with the credit
facility, applicants request an order
under section 6(c) of the Act exempting
them from the provisions of sections
18(f) and 21(b) of the Act; under section
12(d)(1)(J) of the Act exempting them
from section 12(d)(1) of the Act; under
sections 6(c) and 17(b) of the Act
exempting them from sections 17(a)(1),
17(a)(2), and 17(a)(3) of the Act; and
under section 17(d) of the Act and rule
17d–1 under the Act to permit certain
joint arrangements.
Applicants’ Legal Analysis
1. Section 17(a)(3) of the Act generally
prohibits any affiliated person of a
registered investment company, or
affiliated person of an affiliated person,
from borrowing money or other property
from the registered investment
company. Section 21(b) of the Act
generally prohibits any registered
management company from lending
money or other property to any person,
directly or indirectly, if that person
controls or is under common control
with that company. Section 2(a)(3)(C) of
the Act defines an ‘‘affiliated person’’ of
another person, in part, to be any person
directly or indirectly controlling,
controlled by, or under common control
with, such other person. Section 2(a)(9)
of the Act defines ‘‘control’’ as the
‘‘power to exercise a controlling
influence over the management or
policies of a company,’’ but excludes
circumstances in which ‘‘such power is
solely the result of an official position
with such company.’’ Applicants state
that the Funds may be under common
control by virtue of having common
investment advisers and/or by having
common Trustees and officers.
2. Section 6(c) of the Act provides that
an exemptive order may be granted
where an exemption is necessary or
appropriate in the public interest and
consistent with the protection of
investors and the purposes fairly
intended by the policy and provisions of
the Act. Section 17(b) of the Act
authorizes the Commission to exempt a
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proposed transaction from section 17(a)
provided that the terms of the
transaction, including the consideration
to be paid or received, are fair and
reasonable and do not involve
overreaching on the part of any person
concerned, and the transaction is
consistent with the policy of the
investment company as recited in its
registration statement and with the
general purposes of the Act. Applicants
believe that the proposed arrangements
satisfy these standards for the reasons
discussed below.
3. Applicants assert that sections
17(a)(3) and 21(b) of the Act were
intended to prevent a party with strong
potential adverse interests to, and some
influence over the investment decisions
of, a registered investment company
from causing or inducing the investment
company to engage in lending
transactions that unfairly inure to the
benefit of such party and that are
detrimental to the best interests of the
investment company and its
shareholders. Applicants assert that the
proposed credit facility transactions do
not raise these concerns because: (a)
Each Adviser, through the Interfund
Lending Committee, would administer
the program as a disinterested fiduciary
as part of its duties under the
investment management contract with
each Fund; (b) all Interfund Loans
would consist only of uninvested cash
reserves that the lending Fund
otherwise would invest in short-term
repurchase agreements or other shortterm instruments either directly or
through a Money Market Fund; (c) the
Interfund Loans would not involve a
significantly greater risk than such other
investments; (d) the lending Fund
would receive interest at a rate higher
than it could otherwise obtain through
such other investments; and (e) the
borrowing Fund would pay interest at a
rate lower than otherwise available to it
under its bank loan agreements and
avoid some up-front commitment fees
associated with committed lines of
credit. Moreover, applicants assert that
the other terms and conditions that
applicants propose also would
effectively preclude the possibility of
any Fund obtaining an undue advantage
over any other Fund.
4. Section 17(a)(1) of the Act generally
prohibits an affiliated person of a
registered investment company, or any
affiliated person of such a person, from
selling securities or other property to
the investment company. Section
17(a)(2) of the Act generally prohibits an
affiliated person of a registered
investment company, or any affiliated
person of such a person, from
purchasing securities or other property
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from the investment company. Section
12(d)(1) of the Act generally prohibits a
registered investment company from
purchasing or otherwise acquiring any
security issued by any other investment
company except in accordance with the
limitations set forth in that section.
5. Applicants state that the obligation
of a borrowing Fund to repay an
Interfund Loan could be deemed to
constitute a security for the purposes of
sections 17(a)(1) and 12(d)(1).
Applicants also state that any pledge of
assets in connection with an Interfund
Loan could be construed as a purchase
of the borrowing Fund’s securities or
other property for purposes of section
17(a)(2) of the Act. Section 12(d)(1)(J) of
the Act provides that the Commission
may exempt persons or transactions
from any provision of section 12(d)(1) if
and to the extent that such exemption
is consistent with the public interest
and the protection of investors.
Applicants contend that the standards
under sections 6(c), 17(b), and
12(d)(1)(J) are satisfied for all the
reasons set forth above in support of
their request for relief from sections
17(a)(3) and 21(b) and for the reasons
discussed below. Applicants also state
that the requested relief from section
17(a)(2) of the Act meets the standards
of section 6(c) and 17(b) because any
collateral pledged to secure an Interfund
Loan would be subject to the same
conditions imposed by any other lender
to a Fund that imposes conditions on
the quality of or access to collateral for
a borrowing (if the lender is another
Fund) or the same or better conditions
(in any other circumstance).
6. Applicants state that section
12(d)(1) was intended to prevent the
pyramiding of investment companies in
order to avoid imposing on investors
additional and duplicative costs and
fees attendant upon multiple layers of
investments. Applicants submit that the
proposed credit facility does not involve
these abuses. Applicants note that there
will be no duplicative costs or fees to
the Funds or their shareholders, and
that each Adviser will receive no
additional compensation for its services
in administering the credit facility.
Applicants also note that the purpose of
the proposed credit facility is to provide
economic benefits for all the
participating Funds and their
shareholders.
7. Section 18(f)(1) of the Act prohibits
open-end investment companies from
issuing any senior security except that
a company is permitted to borrow from
any bank, provided, that immediately
after the borrowing, there is asset
coverage of at least 300 per centum for
all borrowings of the company. Under
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section 18(g) of the Act, the term ‘‘senior
security’’ generally includes any bond,
debenture, note or similar obligation or
instrument constituting a security and
evidencing indebtedness. Applicants
request exemptive relief under section
6(c) from section 18(f)(1) to the limited
extent necessary to implement the
proposed credit facility (because the
lending Funds are not banks).
8. Applicants believe that granting
relief under section 6(c) is appropriate
because the Funds would remain
subject to the requirement of section
18(f)(1) that all borrowings of a Fund,
including combined interfund and bank
borrowings, have at least 300% asset
coverage. Based on the conditions and
safeguards described in the application,
applicants also submit that to allow the
Funds to borrow from other Funds
pursuant to the proposed credit facility
is consistent with the purposes and
policies of section 18(f)(1).
9. Section 17(d) of the Act and rule
17d–1 under the Act generally prohibit
an affiliated person of a registered
investment company, or any affiliated
person of such a person, when acting as
principal, from effecting any joint
transaction in which the investment
company participates, unless, upon
application, the transaction has been
approved by the Commission. Rule 17d–
1(b) under the Act provides that in
passing upon an application filed under
the rule, the Commission will consider
whether the participation of the
registered investment company in a
joint enterprise on the basis proposed is
consistent with the provisions, policies
and purposes of the Act and the extent
to which such participation is on a basis
different from or less advantageous than
that of the other participants.
10. Applicants assert that the purpose
of section 17(d) is to avoid overreaching
by and unfair advantage to insiders.
Applicants assert that the proposed
credit facility is consistent with the
provisions, policies and purposes of the
Act in that it offers both reduced
borrowing costs and enhanced returns
on loaned funds to all participating
Funds and their shareholders.
Applicants note that each Fund would
have an equal opportunity to borrow
and lend on equal terms consistent with
its investment policies and fundamental
investment limitations. Applicants
assert that each Fund’s participation in
the proposed credit facility would be on
terms that are no different from or less
advantageous than that of other
participating Funds.
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Applicants’ Conditions
Applicants agree that any order
granting the requested relief will be
subject to the following conditions:
1. The Interfund Loan Rate will be the
average of the Repo Rate and the Bank
Loan Rate.
2. On each business day, the Interfund
Lending Committee will compare the
Bank Loan Rate with the Repo Rate and
will make cash available for Interfund
Loans only if the Interfund Loan Rate is:
(a) More favorable to the lending Fund
than the Repo Rate and, if applicable,
the yield of any money market fund in
which the lending Fund could
otherwise invest; and (b) more favorable
to the borrowing Fund than the Bank
Loan Rate.
3. If a Fund has outstanding bank
borrowings, any Interfund Loans to the
Fund: (a) Will be at an interest rate
equal to or lower than the interest rate
of any outstanding bank loan; (b) will be
secured at least on an equal priority
basis with at least an equivalent
percentage of collateral to loan value as
any outstanding bank loan that requires
collateral; (c) will have a maturity no
longer than any outstanding bank loan
(and in any event not over seven days);
and (d) will provide that, if an event of
default by the Fund occurs under any
agreement evidencing an outstanding
bank loan to the Fund, that event of
default will automatically (without need
for action or notice by the lending Fund)
constitute an immediate event of default
under the Interfund Lending Agreement
entitling the lending Fund to call the
Interfund Loan (and exercise all rights
with respect to any collateral) and that
such call will be made if the lending
bank exercises its right to call its loan
under its agreement with the borrowing
Fund.
4. A Fund may make an unsecured
borrowing through the proposed credit
facility if its outstanding borrowings
from all sources immediately after the
interfund borrowing total 10% or less of
its total assets, provided that if the Fund
has a secured loan outstanding from any
other lender, including but not limited
to another Fund, the Fund’s interfund
borrowing will be secured on at least an
equal priority basis with at least an
equivalent percentage of collateral to
loan value as any outstanding loan that
requires collateral. If a Fund’s total
outstanding borrowings immediately
after an interfund borrowing would be
greater than 10% of its total assets, the
Fund may borrow through the proposed
credit facility only on a secured basis.
A Fund may not borrow through the
proposed credit facility or from any
other source if its total outstanding
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Federal Register / Vol. 75, No. 145 / Thursday, July 29, 2010 / Notices
borrowings immediately after such
borrowing would be more than 331⁄3%
of its total assets.
5. Before any Fund that has
outstanding interfund borrowings may,
through additional borrowings, cause its
outstanding borrowings from all sources
to exceed 10% of its total assets, the
Fund must first secure each outstanding
Interfund Loan by the pledge of
segregated collateral with a market
value at least equal to 102% of the
outstanding principal value of the loan.
If the total outstanding borrowings of a
Fund with outstanding Interfund Loans
exceed 10% of its total assets for any
other reason (such as a decline in net
asset value or because of shareholder
redemptions), the Fund will within one
business day thereafter: (a) Repay all of
its outstanding Interfund Loans; (b)
reduce its outstanding indebtedness to
10% or less of its total assets; or (c)
secure each outstanding Interfund Loan
by the pledge of segregated collateral
with a market value at least equal to
102% of the outstanding principal value
of the loan until the Fund’s total
outstanding borrowings cease to exceed
10% of its total assets, at which time the
collateral called for by this condition 5
shall no longer be required. Until each
Interfund Loan that is outstanding at
any time that a Fund’s total outstanding
borrowings exceed 10% is repaid or the
Fund’s total outstanding borrowings
cease to exceed 10% of its total assets,
the Fund will mark the value of the
collateral to market each day and will
pledge such additional collateral as is
necessary to maintain the market value
of the collateral that secures each
outstanding Interfund Loan at least
equal to 102% of the outstanding
principal value of the Interfund Loan.
6. No Fund may lend to another Fund
through the proposed credit facility if
the loan would cause its aggregate
outstanding loans through the proposed
credit facility to exceed 15% of the
lending Fund’s current net assets at the
time of the loan.
7. A Fund’s Interfund Loans to any
one Fund shall not exceed 5% of the
lending Fund’s net assets.
8. The duration of Interfund Loans
will be limited to the time required to
receive payment for securities sold, but
in no event more than seven days. Loans
effected within seven days of each other
will be treated as separate loan
transactions for purposes of this
condition.
9. A Fund’s borrowings through the
proposed credit facility, as measured on
the day when the most recent loan was
made, will not exceed the greater of
125% of the Fund’s total net cash
redemptions for the preceding seven
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12:45 Jul 28, 2010
Jkt 220001
calendar days or 102% of the Fund’s
sales fails for the preceding seven
calendar days.
10. Each Interfund Loan may be called
on one business day’s notice by a
lending Fund and may be repaid on any
day by a borrowing Fund.
11. A Fund’s participation in the
proposed credit facility must be
consistent with its investment objectives
and limitations and organizational
documents.
12. The Interfund Lending Committee
will calculate total Fund borrowing and
lending demand through the proposed
credit facility, and allocate loans on an
equitable basis among the Funds,
without the intervention of any portfolio
manager of the Funds. The Interfund
Lending Committee will not solicit cash
for the proposed credit facility from any
Fund or prospectively publish or
disseminate loan demand data to
portfolio managers. The Interfund
Lending Committee will invest any
amounts remaining after satisfaction of
borrowing demand in accordance with
the standing instructions of the portfolio
managers or such remaining amounts
will be invested directly by the portfolio
managers of the Funds.
13. The Interfund Lending Committee
will monitor the Interfund Loan Rate
and the other terms and conditions of
the Interfund Loans and will make a
quarterly report to the Trustees of each
Fund concerning the participation of the
Funds in the proposed credit facility
and the terms and other conditions of
any extensions of credit under the credit
facility.
14. The Trustees of each Fund,
including a majority of the Independent
Trustees, will:
(a) Review, no less frequently than
quarterly, the Fund’s participation in
the proposed credit facility during the
preceding quarter for compliance with
the conditions of any order permitting
such transactions;
(b) Establish the Bank Loan Rate
formula used to determine the interest
rate on Interfund Loans and review, no
less frequently than annually, the
continuing appropriateness of the Bank
Loan Rate formula; and
(c) Review, no less frequently than
annually, the continuing
appropriateness of the Fund’s
participation in the proposed credit
facility.
15. In the event an Interfund Loan is
not paid according to its terms and such
default is not cured within two business
days from its maturity or from the time
the lending Fund makes a demand for
payment under the provisions of the
Interfund Lending Agreement, an
Adviser will promptly refer such loan
PO 00000
Frm 00070
Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
44825
for arbitration to an independent
arbitrator selected by the Trustees of
each Fund involved in the loan who
will serve as arbitrator of disputes
concerning Interfund Loans.3 The
arbitrator will resolve any problem
promptly, and the arbitrator’s decision
will be binding on both Funds. The
arbitrator will submit, at least annually,
a written report to the Trustees setting
forth a description of the nature of any
dispute and the actions taken by the
Funds to resolve the dispute.
16. Each Fund will maintain and
preserve for a period of not less than six
years from the end of the fiscal year in
which any transaction by it under the
proposed credit facility occurred, the
first two years in an easily accessible
place, written records of all such
transactions setting forth a description
of the terms of the transactions,
including the amount, the maturity and
the Interfund Loan Rate, the rate of
interest available at the time each
Interfund Loan is made on overnight
repurchase agreements and commercial
bank borrowings, the yield of any
money market fund in which the
lending Fund could otherwise invest,
and such other information presented to
the Fund’s Trustees in connection with
the review required by conditions 13
and 14.
17. The Advisers will prepare and
submit to the Trustees for review an
initial report describing the operations
of the proposed credit facility and the
procedures to be implemented to ensure
that all Funds are treated fairly. After
the commencement of the proposed
credit facility, the Advisers will report
on the operations of the proposed credit
facility at the Trustees’ quarterly
meetings.
Each Fund’s chief compliance officer,
as defined in rule 38a–1(a)(4) under the
Act, shall prepare an annual report for
its Trustees each year that the Fund
participates in the proposed credit
facility, that evaluates the Fund’s
compliance with the terms and
conditions of the application and the
procedures established to achieve such
compliance. Each Fund’s chief
compliance officer will also annually
file a certification pursuant to Item
77Q3 of Form N–SAR as such Form may
be revised, amended or superseded from
time to time, for each year that the Fund
participates in the proposed credit
facility, that certifies that the Fund and
the Advisers have established
procedures reasonably designed to
3 If the dispute involves Funds with different
Trustees, the respective Trustees of each Fund will
select an independent arbitrator that is satisfactory
to each Fund.
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Federal Register / Vol. 75, No. 145 / Thursday, July 29, 2010 / Notices
achieve compliance with the terms and
conditions of the order. In particular,
such certification will address
procedures designed to achieve the
following objectives:
(a) That the Interfund Loan Rate will
be higher than the Repo Rate and, if
applicable, the yield of the money
market funds, but lower than the Bank
Loan Rate;
(b) Compliance with the collateral
requirements as set forth in the
application;
(c) Compliance with the percentage
limitations on interfund borrowing and
lending;
(d) Allocation of interfund borrowing
and lending demand in an equitable
manner and in accordance with
procedures established by the Trustees;
and
(e) That the Interfund Loan Rate does
not exceed the interest rate on any third
party borrowings of a borrowing Fund at
the time of the Interfund Loan.
Additionally, each Fund’s
independent public accountants, in
connection with their audit examination
of the Fund, will review the operation
of the proposed credit facility for
compliance with the conditions of the
application and their review will form
the basis, in part, of the auditor’s report
on internal accounting controls in Form
N–SAR.
18. No Fund will participate in the
proposed credit facility upon receipt of
requisite regulatory approval unless it
has fully disclosed in its prospectus
and/or statement of additional
information all material facts about its
intended participation.
For the Commission, by the Division of
Investment Management, under delegated
authority.
Florence E. Harmon,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2010–18675 Filed 7–28–10; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8010–01–P
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
WReier-Aviles on DSKGBLS3C1PROD with NOTICES
Release No. 34–62553; File No. SR–BX–
2010–050]
Self-Regulatory Organizations;
NASDAQ OMX BX, Inc.; Notice of Filing
and Immediate Effectiveness of
Proposed Rule Change To Expand the
$1 Strike Program on the Boston
Options Exchange Facility
(‘‘Act’’) 1 and Rule 19b–4 thereunder,2
notice is hereby given that, on July 19,
2010, NASDAQ OMX BX, Inc. (the
‘‘Exchange’’) filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission (‘‘SEC’’ or
‘‘Commission’’) the proposed rule
change as described in Items I and II
below, which Items have been prepared
by the Exchange. The Exchange filed the
proposed rule change pursuant to
Section 19(b)(3)(A) of the Act 3 and Rule
19b–4(f)(6) thereunder,4 which renders
the proposal effective upon filing with
the Commission. The Commission is
publishing this notice to solicit
comments on the proposed rule from
interested persons.
I. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Terms of Substance of
the Proposed Rule Change
The Exchange proposes to amend
Chapter IV, Section 6 (Series of Options
Contracts Open for Trading) of the Rules
of the Boston Options Exchange Group,
LLC (‘‘BOX’’) to expand the Exchange’s
$1 Strike Price Program (the ‘‘$1 Strike
Program’’ or ‘‘Program’’) to allow the
Exchange to select 150 individual stocks
on which options may be listed at $1
strike price intervals. The text of the
proposed rule change is available from
the principal office of the Exchange, at
the Commission’s Public Reference
Room, on the Commission’s Web site at
https://www.sec.gov, and also on the
Exchange’s Internet Web site at https://
nasdaqomxbx.cchwallstreet.com/
NASDAQOMXBX/Filings/.
II. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
Change
In its filing with the Commission, the
self-regulatory organization included
statements concerning the purpose of,
and basis for, the proposed rule change
and discussed any comments it received
on the proposed rule change. The text
of these statements may be examined at
the places specified in Item IV below.
The self-regulatory organization has
prepared summaries, set forth in
Sections A, B, and C below, of the most
significant aspects of such statements.
A. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
Change
1. Purpose
The purpose of this proposed rule
change is to expand the $1 Strike
1 15
U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
CFR 240.19b–4.
3 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(3)(A).
4 17 CFR 240.19b–4(f)(6).
July 22, 2010.
2 17
Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
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12:45 Jul 28, 2010
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Frm 00071
Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
Program (the ‘‘Program’’).5 The $1 Strike
Program currently allows BOX to select
a total of 55 individual stocks on which
option series may be listed at $1 strike
price intervals. In order to be eligible for
selection into the Program, the
underlying stock must close below $50
in its primary market on the previous
trading day. If selected for the Program,
BOX may list strike prices at $1
intervals from $1 to $50, but no $1 strike
price may be listed that is greater than
$5 from the underlying stock’s closing
price in its primary market on the
previous day. BOX may also list $1
strikes on any other option class
designated by another securities
exchange that employs a similar
Program under their respective rules.
BOX may not list long-term option
series (‘‘LEAPS’’) 6 at $1 strike price
intervals for any class selected for the
Program, except as provided in
Supplementary Material .02(c) to
Chapter IV, Section 6 of the BOX Rules.7
BOX is also restricted from listing series
with $1 intervals within $0.50 of an
existing strike price in the same series,
except that strike prices of $2, $3, and
$4 shall be permitted within $0.50 of an
existing strike price for classes also
selected to participate in the $0.50
Strike Program.8
5 The Commission approved the $1 Strike Price
Program as a pilot in February 2004. See Securities
Exchange Act Release No. 49292 (Feb. 20, 2004), 69
FR 8993 (Feb. 26, 2004) (SR–BSE–2004–01). The
Program was subsequently extended. See Securities
Exchange Act Release No. 49806 (June 4, 2004), 69
FR 32640 (June 10, 2004) (SR–BSE–2004–22)
(extending the Program until June 5, 2005);
Securities Exchange Act Release No. 51778 (June 2,
2005), 70 FR 33562 (June 8, 2005) (SR–BSE–2005–
18) (extending the Program until June 5, 2006);
Securities Exchange Act Release No. 53855 (May
24, 2006), 71 FR 30973 (May 31, 2006) (SR–BSE–
2006–19) (extending the Program until June 5,
2007); Securities Exchange Act Release No. 55684
(Apr. 30, 2007), 72 FR 26188 (May 8, 2007) (SR–
BSE–2007–17) (extending the Program until June 5,
2008). The Program was subsequently expanded
and permanently approved in 2008. See Securities
Exchange Act Release No. 57302 (Feb. 11, 2008), 73
FR 8913 (Feb. 15, 2008) (SR–BSE–2008–08). The
Pilot Program was last expanded in 2009. See
Securities Exchange Act Release No. 59589 (Mar.
17, 2009), 73 FR 8913 (Mar. 24, 2009) (SR–BSE–
2009–16).
6 LEAPS are long-term options that have from
twelve to thirty-nine months from the time they are
listed until expiration. See Chapter IV, Section 8(a)
Long-Term Equity Option Series (LEAPS®).
7 Supplementary Material .02(c) to Chapter IV,
Section 6 of the BOX Rules states that the Exchange
may list $1 strike prices up to $5 in LEAPS in up
to 200 option classes in individual stocks. See
Securities Exchange Act Release No. 61041 (Nov.
20, 2009) 75 FR 62623 (Nov. 30, 2009) (SR–BSE–
2009–073).
8 Regarding the $0.50 Strike Program, which
allows $0.50 strike price intervals for options on
stocks trading at or below $3.00, see Supplementary
Material .02 to Chapter IV, Section 6(a) and
Securities Exchange Act Release No. 60814 (Oct. 13,
2009), 74 FR 53535 (Oct. 19, 2009) (SR–BSE–2009–
063). See also Securities Exchange Act Release No.
E:\FR\FM\29JYN1.SGM
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Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 75, Number 145 (Thursday, July 29, 2010)]
[Notices]
[Pages 44821-44826]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2010-18675]
=======================================================================
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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
[Investment Company Act Release No. 29368; File No. 812-13707]
Northern Funds, et al.; Notice of Application
July 23, 2010.
AGENCY: Securities and Exchange Commission (``Commission'').
ACTION: Notice of an application for an order pursuant to (a) section
6(c) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 (``Act'') granting an
exemption from sections 18(f) and 21(b) of the Act; (b) section
12(d)(1)(J) of the Act granting an exemption from section 12(d)(1) of
the Act; (c) sections 6(c) and 17(b) of the Act granting an exemption
from sections 17(a)(1), 17(a)(2) and 17(a)(3) of the Act; and (d)
section 17(d) of the Act and rule 17d-1 under the Act to permit certain
joint arrangements.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Summary of the Application: Applicants request an order that would
permit certain registered open-end management investment companies to
participate in a joint lending and borrowing facility.
Applicants: Northern Funds (``NF''), Northern Institutional Funds
(``NIF'', each of NF and NIF a ``Trust,'' and together, the
``Trusts''), Northern Trust Investments, N.A. (``NTI''), Northern Trust
Global Investments Limited (``NTGIL''), and The Northern Trust Company
of Connecticut (``NTCC'') (each of NTI, NTGIL, and NTCC, an
``Adviser,'' and such entities together, the ``Advisers'').
Filing Dates: The application was filed on September 30, 2009, and
amended on March 4, 2010. Applicants have agreed to file an amendment
during the notice period, the substance of which is reflected in this
notice.
Hearing or Notification of Hearing: An order granting the application
will be issued unless the Commission orders a hearing. Interested
persons may request a hearing by writing to the Commission's Secretary
and serving applicants with a copy of the request, personally or by
mail. Hearing requests should be received by the Commission by 5:30
p.m. on August 17, 2010, and should be accompanied by proof of service
on applicants, in the form of an affidavit or, for lawyers, a
certificate of service. Hearing requests should state the nature of the
writer's interest, the reason for the request, and the issues
contested. Persons who wish to be notified of a hearing may request
notification by writing to the Commission's Secretary.
ADDRESSES: Secretary, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 100 F
Street, NE., Washington, DC 20549-1090; Applicants: NF, NIF, and NTI,
50 South LaSalle Street, Chicago, Illinois 60603; NTGIL, 50 Bank
Street, Canary Wharf, London E14 5NT, United Kingdom; NTCC, 300
Atlantic Street, Stamford, Connecticut 06901.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Steven I. Amchan, Senior Counsel, at
(202) 551-6826 or Jennifer L. Sawin, Branch Chief, at (202) 551-6821
(Division of Investment Management, Office of Investment Company
Regulation).
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The following is a summary of the
application. The complete application may be obtained via the
Commission's Web site by searching for the file number, or an applicant
using the Company name box, at https://www.sec.gov/search/search.htm or
by calling (202) 551-8090.
Applicants' Representations
1. Each Trust is organized as a Delaware statutory trust and is
registered under the Act as an open-end management investment company.
Each Trust consists of multiple series (``Funds''). Certain of the
Funds hold themselves out as money market funds in reliance on rule 2a-
7 under the Act (the ``Money Market Funds''). NTI, NTGIL, and NTCC are
each registered as an investment adviser under the Investment Advisers
Act of 1940 (``Advisers Act'') and are each indirect subsidiaries of
Northern Trust Corporation. NTI is a national banking
[[Page 44822]]
association and serves as the investment adviser to NIF and NF. NTGIL
is a private company with limited liability under the laws of England
and Wales and serves as co-investment adviser with NTI to the NIF
International Growth Portfolio, the NF International Growth Equity
Fund, and NF Global Fixed Income Fund.\1\ NTCC is a state bank and
trust company organized under the laws of Connecticut and serves as co-
investment adviser with NTI to certain Funds of NF that have multiple
investment sub-advisers. NTI also serves as administrator of the
Trusts.\2\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Beginning July 31, 2010, NTGIL will no longer be a co-
investment adviser to the NIF International Growth Portfolio and NF
International Growth Equity Fund.
\2\ Applicants request that the relief also apply to any other
open-end registered management investment company that is advised by
an Adviser or any entity controlling, controlled by, or under common
control with an Adviser (such entity is included in the term
``Adviser'' and is or will be registered as an investment adviser
under the Advisers Act) and that currently, or in the future, is
part of the same ``group of investment companies'' as the Trusts, as
defined in section 12(d)(1)(G)(ii) of the Act (included in the term
``Trusts''). All entities that currently intend to rely on the
requested order have been named as applicants. Any other entity that
relies on the requested order in the future will comply with the
terms and conditions set forth in the application.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. At any particular time, while some Funds enter into repurchase
agreements, or invest their cash balances in Money Market Funds or
other short-term instruments, other Funds may need to borrow money for
temporary purposes to satisfy redemption requests, to cover
unanticipated cash shortfalls such as a trade ``fail'' in which cash
payment for a security sold by a Fund has been delayed, or for other
temporary purposes. Currently, the Trusts have a $100 million revolving
bank credit agreement administered by a bank (the ``Committed Credit
Facility'') for short-term temporary purposes.
3. When a Fund borrows money under the Committed Credit Facility,
it pays interest on the loan at a rate that is significantly higher
than the rate that is earned by other (non-borrowing) Funds on
investments in repurchase agreements, Money Market Funds, and other
short-term instruments of the same maturity as the bank loan.
Applicants assert that this differential represents the profit earned
by the lender on loans and is not attributable to any material
difference in the credit quality or risk of such transactions.
4. The Trusts seek to enter into master interfund lending
agreements (``Interfund Lending Agreements'') with each other on behalf
of the Funds that would permit each Fund to lend money directly to and
borrow directly from other Funds through a credit facility for
temporary purposes (an ``Interfund Loan''). The Money Market Funds
typically will not participate as borrowers in the proposed credit
facility. Applicants state that the proposed credit facility would both
substantially reduce the Funds' potential borrowing costs and enhance
the ability of the lending Funds to earn higher rates of interest on
their short-term lendings. Although the proposed credit facility would
substantially reduce the Funds' need to borrow from banks, the Funds
would be free to establish and maintain committed lines of credit or
other borrowing arrangements with unaffiliated banks.
5. Applicants anticipate that the proposed credit facility would
provide a borrowing Fund with significant savings at times when the
cash position of the borrowing Fund is insufficient to meet temporary
cash requirements. This situation could arise when shareholder
redemptions exceed anticipated volumes and certain Funds have
insufficient cash on hand to satisfy such redemptions. When the Funds
liquidate portfolio securities to meet redemption requests, they often
do not receive payment in settlement for up to three days (or longer
for certain foreign transactions). However, redemption requests
normally are effected immediately. The proposed credit facility would
provide a source of immediate, short-term liquidity pending settlement
of the sale of portfolio securities.
6. Applicants also anticipate that a Fund could use the proposed
credit facility when a sale of securities ``fails'' due to
circumstances beyond the Fund's control, such as a delay in the
delivery of cash to the Fund's custodian or improper delivery
instructions by the broker effecting the transaction. ``Sales fails''
may present a cash shortfall if the Fund has undertaken to purchase a
security using the proceeds from securities sold. Alternatively, the
Fund could ``fail'' on its intended purchase due to lack of funds from
the previous sale, resulting in additional cost to the Fund, or sell a
security on a same-day settlement basis, earning a lower return on the
investment. Use of the proposed credit facility under these
circumstances would enable the Fund to have access to immediate short-
term liquidity.
7. While bank borrowings generally could supply needed cash to
cover unanticipated redemptions and sales fails, under the proposed
credit facility, a borrowing Fund would pay lower interest rates than
those that would be payable under short-term loans offered by banks. In
addition, Funds making short-term cash loans directly to other Funds
would earn interest at a rate higher than they otherwise could obtain
from investing their cash in repurchase agreements or Money Market
Funds. Thus, applicants assert that the proposed credit facility would
benefit both borrowing and lending Funds.
8. The interest rate to be charged to the Funds on any Interfund
Loan (the ``Interfund Loan Rate'') would be the average of the ``Repo
Rate'' and the ``Bank Loan Rate,'' both as defined below. The Repo Rate
for any day would be the highest or best (after giving effect to
factors such as the credit quality of the counterparty) rate available
to a lending Fund from investment in overnight repurchase agreements
with counterparties approved by the Fund or its Adviser. The Bank Loan
Rate for any day would be calculated by the Interfund Lending
Committee, as defined below, each day an Interfund Loan is made
according to a formula established by each Fund's board of trustees
(the ``Trustees'') intended to approximate the lowest interest rate at
which bank short-term loans would be available to the Funds. The
formula would be based upon a publicly available rate (e.g., Federal
funds plus 25 basis points) and would vary with this rate so as to
reflect changing bank loan rates. The initial formula and any
subsequent modifications to the formula would be subject to the
approval of each Fund's Trustees. In addition, each Fund's Trustees
would periodically review the continuing appropriateness of using the
formula to determine the Bank Loan Rate, as well as the relationship
between the Bank Loan Rate and current bank loan rates that would be
available to the Funds.
9. The proposed credit facility would be administered by investment
professionals and administrative personnel from one or more of the
Advisers (the ``Interfund Lending Committee''). No portfolio manager of
any Fund will serve as a member of the Interfund Lending Committee.
Under the proposed credit facility, the portfolio managers for each
participating Fund could provide standing instructions to participate
daily as a borrower or lender. The Interfund Lending Committee on each
business day would collect data on the uninvested cash and borrowing
requirements of all participating Funds. Once it had determined the
aggregate amount of cash available for loans and borrowing demand, the
Interfund Lending Committee would allocate loans among borrowing Funds
without any further communication from the
[[Page 44823]]
portfolio managers of the Funds. Applicants anticipate that there
typically will be far more available uninvested cash each day than
borrowing demand. Therefore, after the Interfund Lending Committee has
allocated cash for Interfund Loans, the Interfund Lending Committee
will invest any remaining cash in accordance with the standing
instructions of the portfolio managers or such remaining amounts will
be invested directly by the portfolio managers of the Funds.
10. The Interfund Lending Committee would allocate borrowing demand
and cash available for lending among the Funds on what the Interfund
Lending Committee believes to be an equitable basis, subject to certain
administrative procedures applicable to all Funds, such as the time of
filing requests to participate, minimum loan lot sizes, and the need to
minimize the number of transactions and associated administrative
costs. To reduce transaction costs, each loan normally would be
allocated in a manner intended to minimize the number of participants
necessary to complete the loan transaction. The method of allocation
and related administrative procedures would be approved by each Fund's
Trustees, including a majority of Trustees who are not ``interested
persons'' of the Fund, as that term is defined in section 2(a)(19) of
the Act (``Independent Trustees''), to ensure that both borrowing and
lending Funds participate on an equitable basis.
11. The Advisers would: (a) Monitor the Interfund Loan Rate and the
other terms and conditions of the loans; (b) limit the borrowings and
loans entered into by each Fund to ensure that they comply with the
Fund's investment policies and limitations; (c) ensure equitable
treatment of each Fund; and (d) make quarterly reports to the Trustees
concerning any transactions by the Funds under the proposed credit
facility and the Interfund Loan Rate charged.
12. Each Adviser, through the Interfund Lending Committee, would
administer the proposed credit facility as a disinterested fiduciary as
part of its duties under the investment management contract with each
Fund and would receive no additional fee as compensation for its
services in connection with the administration of the proposed credit
facility. An Adviser may collect standard pricing, record keeping,
bookkeeping and accounting fees associated with the transfer of cash
and/or securities in connection with repurchase and lending
transactions generally, including transactions effected through the
proposed credit facility. Such fees would be no higher than those
applicable for comparable bank loan transactions.
13. No Fund may participate in the proposed credit facility unless:
(a) The Fund has obtained shareholder approval for its participation,
if such approval is required by law; (b) the Fund has fully disclosed
all material information concerning the credit facility in its
prospectus and/or statement of additional information; and (c) the
Fund's participation in the credit facility is consistent with its
investment objectives, limitations and organizational documents.
14. In connection with the credit facility, applicants request an
order under section 6(c) of the Act exempting them from the provisions
of sections 18(f) and 21(b) of the Act; under section 12(d)(1)(J) of
the Act exempting them from section 12(d)(1) of the Act; under sections
6(c) and 17(b) of the Act exempting them from sections 17(a)(1),
17(a)(2), and 17(a)(3) of the Act; and under section 17(d) of the Act
and rule 17d-1 under the Act to permit certain joint arrangements.
Applicants' Legal Analysis
1. Section 17(a)(3) of the Act generally prohibits any affiliated
person of a registered investment company, or affiliated person of an
affiliated person, from borrowing money or other property from the
registered investment company. Section 21(b) of the Act generally
prohibits any registered management company from lending money or other
property to any person, directly or indirectly, if that person controls
or is under common control with that company. Section 2(a)(3)(C) of the
Act defines an ``affiliated person'' of another person, in part, to be
any person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under
common control with, such other person. Section 2(a)(9) of the Act
defines ``control'' as the ``power to exercise a controlling influence
over the management or policies of a company,'' but excludes
circumstances in which ``such power is solely the result of an official
position with such company.'' Applicants state that the Funds may be
under common control by virtue of having common investment advisers
and/or by having common Trustees and officers.
2. Section 6(c) of the Act provides that an exemptive order may be
granted where an exemption is necessary or appropriate in the public
interest and consistent with the protection of investors and the
purposes fairly intended by the policy and provisions of the Act.
Section 17(b) of the Act authorizes the Commission to exempt a proposed
transaction from section 17(a) provided that the terms of the
transaction, including the consideration to be paid or received, are
fair and reasonable and do not involve overreaching on the part of any
person concerned, and the transaction is consistent with the policy of
the investment company as recited in its registration statement and
with the general purposes of the Act. Applicants believe that the
proposed arrangements satisfy these standards for the reasons discussed
below.
3. Applicants assert that sections 17(a)(3) and 21(b) of the Act
were intended to prevent a party with strong potential adverse
interests to, and some influence over the investment decisions of, a
registered investment company from causing or inducing the investment
company to engage in lending transactions that unfairly inure to the
benefit of such party and that are detrimental to the best interests of
the investment company and its shareholders. Applicants assert that the
proposed credit facility transactions do not raise these concerns
because: (a) Each Adviser, through the Interfund Lending Committee,
would administer the program as a disinterested fiduciary as part of
its duties under the investment management contract with each Fund; (b)
all Interfund Loans would consist only of uninvested cash reserves that
the lending Fund otherwise would invest in short-term repurchase
agreements or other short-term instruments either directly or through a
Money Market Fund; (c) the Interfund Loans would not involve a
significantly greater risk than such other investments; (d) the lending
Fund would receive interest at a rate higher than it could otherwise
obtain through such other investments; and (e) the borrowing Fund would
pay interest at a rate lower than otherwise available to it under its
bank loan agreements and avoid some up-front commitment fees associated
with committed lines of credit. Moreover, applicants assert that the
other terms and conditions that applicants propose also would
effectively preclude the possibility of any Fund obtaining an undue
advantage over any other Fund.
4. Section 17(a)(1) of the Act generally prohibits an affiliated
person of a registered investment company, or any affiliated person of
such a person, from selling securities or other property to the
investment company. Section 17(a)(2) of the Act generally prohibits an
affiliated person of a registered investment company, or any affiliated
person of such a person, from purchasing securities or other property
[[Page 44824]]
from the investment company. Section 12(d)(1) of the Act generally
prohibits a registered investment company from purchasing or otherwise
acquiring any security issued by any other investment company except in
accordance with the limitations set forth in that section.
5. Applicants state that the obligation of a borrowing Fund to
repay an Interfund Loan could be deemed to constitute a security for
the purposes of sections 17(a)(1) and 12(d)(1). Applicants also state
that any pledge of assets in connection with an Interfund Loan could be
construed as a purchase of the borrowing Fund's securities or other
property for purposes of section 17(a)(2) of the Act. Section
12(d)(1)(J) of the Act provides that the Commission may exempt persons
or transactions from any provision of section 12(d)(1) if and to the
extent that such exemption is consistent with the public interest and
the protection of investors. Applicants contend that the standards
under sections 6(c), 17(b), and 12(d)(1)(J) are satisfied for all the
reasons set forth above in support of their request for relief from
sections 17(a)(3) and 21(b) and for the reasons discussed below.
Applicants also state that the requested relief from section 17(a)(2)
of the Act meets the standards of section 6(c) and 17(b) because any
collateral pledged to secure an Interfund Loan would be subject to the
same conditions imposed by any other lender to a Fund that imposes
conditions on the quality of or access to collateral for a borrowing
(if the lender is another Fund) or the same or better conditions (in
any other circumstance).
6. Applicants state that section 12(d)(1) was intended to prevent
the pyramiding of investment companies in order to avoid imposing on
investors additional and duplicative costs and fees attendant upon
multiple layers of investments. Applicants submit that the proposed
credit facility does not involve these abuses. Applicants note that
there will be no duplicative costs or fees to the Funds or their
shareholders, and that each Adviser will receive no additional
compensation for its services in administering the credit facility.
Applicants also note that the purpose of the proposed credit facility
is to provide economic benefits for all the participating Funds and
their shareholders.
7. Section 18(f)(1) of the Act prohibits open-end investment
companies from issuing any senior security except that a company is
permitted to borrow from any bank, provided, that immediately after the
borrowing, there is asset coverage of at least 300 per centum for all
borrowings of the company. Under section 18(g) of the Act, the term
``senior security'' generally includes any bond, debenture, note or
similar obligation or instrument constituting a security and evidencing
indebtedness. Applicants request exemptive relief under section 6(c)
from section 18(f)(1) to the limited extent necessary to implement the
proposed credit facility (because the lending Funds are not banks).
8. Applicants believe that granting relief under section 6(c) is
appropriate because the Funds would remain subject to the requirement
of section 18(f)(1) that all borrowings of a Fund, including combined
interfund and bank borrowings, have at least 300% asset coverage. Based
on the conditions and safeguards described in the application,
applicants also submit that to allow the Funds to borrow from other
Funds pursuant to the proposed credit facility is consistent with the
purposes and policies of section 18(f)(1).
9. Section 17(d) of the Act and rule 17d-1 under the Act generally
prohibit an affiliated person of a registered investment company, or
any affiliated person of such a person, when acting as principal, from
effecting any joint transaction in which the investment company
participates, unless, upon application, the transaction has been
approved by the Commission. Rule 17d-1(b) under the Act provides that
in passing upon an application filed under the rule, the Commission
will consider whether the participation of the registered investment
company in a joint enterprise on the basis proposed is consistent with
the provisions, policies and purposes of the Act and the extent to
which such participation is on a basis different from or less
advantageous than that of the other participants.
10. Applicants assert that the purpose of section 17(d) is to avoid
overreaching by and unfair advantage to insiders. Applicants assert
that the proposed credit facility is consistent with the provisions,
policies and purposes of the Act in that it offers both reduced
borrowing costs and enhanced returns on loaned funds to all
participating Funds and their shareholders. Applicants note that each
Fund would have an equal opportunity to borrow and lend on equal terms
consistent with its investment policies and fundamental investment
limitations. Applicants assert that each Fund's participation in the
proposed credit facility would be on terms that are no different from
or less advantageous than that of other participating Funds.
Applicants' Conditions
Applicants agree that any order granting the requested relief will
be subject to the following conditions:
1. The Interfund Loan Rate will be the average of the Repo Rate and
the Bank Loan Rate.
2. On each business day, the Interfund Lending Committee will
compare the Bank Loan Rate with the Repo Rate and will make cash
available for Interfund Loans only if the Interfund Loan Rate is: (a)
More favorable to the lending Fund than the Repo Rate and, if
applicable, the yield of any money market fund in which the lending
Fund could otherwise invest; and (b) more favorable to the borrowing
Fund than the Bank Loan Rate.
3. If a Fund has outstanding bank borrowings, any Interfund Loans
to the Fund: (a) Will be at an interest rate equal to or lower than the
interest rate of any outstanding bank loan; (b) will be secured at
least on an equal priority basis with at least an equivalent percentage
of collateral to loan value as any outstanding bank loan that requires
collateral; (c) will have a maturity no longer than any outstanding
bank loan (and in any event not over seven days); and (d) will provide
that, if an event of default by the Fund occurs under any agreement
evidencing an outstanding bank loan to the Fund, that event of default
will automatically (without need for action or notice by the lending
Fund) constitute an immediate event of default under the Interfund
Lending Agreement entitling the lending Fund to call the Interfund Loan
(and exercise all rights with respect to any collateral) and that such
call will be made if the lending bank exercises its right to call its
loan under its agreement with the borrowing Fund.
4. A Fund may make an unsecured borrowing through the proposed
credit facility if its outstanding borrowings from all sources
immediately after the interfund borrowing total 10% or less of its
total assets, provided that if the Fund has a secured loan outstanding
from any other lender, including but not limited to another Fund, the
Fund's interfund borrowing will be secured on at least an equal
priority basis with at least an equivalent percentage of collateral to
loan value as any outstanding loan that requires collateral. If a
Fund's total outstanding borrowings immediately after an interfund
borrowing would be greater than 10% of its total assets, the Fund may
borrow through the proposed credit facility only on a secured basis. A
Fund may not borrow through the proposed credit facility or from any
other source if its total outstanding
[[Page 44825]]
borrowings immediately after such borrowing would be more than 33\1/3\%
of its total assets.
5. Before any Fund that has outstanding interfund borrowings may,
through additional borrowings, cause its outstanding borrowings from
all sources to exceed 10% of its total assets, the Fund must first
secure each outstanding Interfund Loan by the pledge of segregated
collateral with a market value at least equal to 102% of the
outstanding principal value of the loan. If the total outstanding
borrowings of a Fund with outstanding Interfund Loans exceed 10% of its
total assets for any other reason (such as a decline in net asset value
or because of shareholder redemptions), the Fund will within one
business day thereafter: (a) Repay all of its outstanding Interfund
Loans; (b) reduce its outstanding indebtedness to 10% or less of its
total assets; or (c) secure each outstanding Interfund Loan by the
pledge of segregated collateral with a market value at least equal to
102% of the outstanding principal value of the loan until the Fund's
total outstanding borrowings cease to exceed 10% of its total assets,
at which time the collateral called for by this condition 5 shall no
longer be required. Until each Interfund Loan that is outstanding at
any time that a Fund's total outstanding borrowings exceed 10% is
repaid or the Fund's total outstanding borrowings cease to exceed 10%
of its total assets, the Fund will mark the value of the collateral to
market each day and will pledge such additional collateral as is
necessary to maintain the market value of the collateral that secures
each outstanding Interfund Loan at least equal to 102% of the
outstanding principal value of the Interfund Loan.
6. No Fund may lend to another Fund through the proposed credit
facility if the loan would cause its aggregate outstanding loans
through the proposed credit facility to exceed 15% of the lending
Fund's current net assets at the time of the loan.
7. A Fund's Interfund Loans to any one Fund shall not exceed 5% of
the lending Fund's net assets.
8. The duration of Interfund Loans will be limited to the time
required to receive payment for securities sold, but in no event more
than seven days. Loans effected within seven days of each other will be
treated as separate loan transactions for purposes of this condition.
9. A Fund's borrowings through the proposed credit facility, as
measured on the day when the most recent loan was made, will not exceed
the greater of 125% of the Fund's total net cash redemptions for the
preceding seven calendar days or 102% of the Fund's sales fails for the
preceding seven calendar days.
10. Each Interfund Loan may be called on one business day's notice
by a lending Fund and may be repaid on any day by a borrowing Fund.
11. A Fund's participation in the proposed credit facility must be
consistent with its investment objectives and limitations and
organizational documents.
12. The Interfund Lending Committee will calculate total Fund
borrowing and lending demand through the proposed credit facility, and
allocate loans on an equitable basis among the Funds, without the
intervention of any portfolio manager of the Funds. The Interfund
Lending Committee will not solicit cash for the proposed credit
facility from any Fund or prospectively publish or disseminate loan
demand data to portfolio managers. The Interfund Lending Committee will
invest any amounts remaining after satisfaction of borrowing demand in
accordance with the standing instructions of the portfolio managers or
such remaining amounts will be invested directly by the portfolio
managers of the Funds.
13. The Interfund Lending Committee will monitor the Interfund Loan
Rate and the other terms and conditions of the Interfund Loans and will
make a quarterly report to the Trustees of each Fund concerning the
participation of the Funds in the proposed credit facility and the
terms and other conditions of any extensions of credit under the credit
facility.
14. The Trustees of each Fund, including a majority of the
Independent Trustees, will:
(a) Review, no less frequently than quarterly, the Fund's
participation in the proposed credit facility during the preceding
quarter for compliance with the conditions of any order permitting such
transactions;
(b) Establish the Bank Loan Rate formula used to determine the
interest rate on Interfund Loans and review, no less frequently than
annually, the continuing appropriateness of the Bank Loan Rate formula;
and
(c) Review, no less frequently than annually, the continuing
appropriateness of the Fund's participation in the proposed credit
facility.
15. In the event an Interfund Loan is not paid according to its
terms and such default is not cured within two business days from its
maturity or from the time the lending Fund makes a demand for payment
under the provisions of the Interfund Lending Agreement, an Adviser
will promptly refer such loan for arbitration to an independent
arbitrator selected by the Trustees of each Fund involved in the loan
who will serve as arbitrator of disputes concerning Interfund Loans.\3\
The arbitrator will resolve any problem promptly, and the arbitrator's
decision will be binding on both Funds. The arbitrator will submit, at
least annually, a written report to the Trustees setting forth a
description of the nature of any dispute and the actions taken by the
Funds to resolve the dispute.
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\3\ If the dispute involves Funds with different Trustees, the
respective Trustees of each Fund will select an independent
arbitrator that is satisfactory to each Fund.
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16. Each Fund will maintain and preserve for a period of not less
than six years from the end of the fiscal year in which any transaction
by it under the proposed credit facility occurred, the first two years
in an easily accessible place, written records of all such transactions
setting forth a description of the terms of the transactions, including
the amount, the maturity and the Interfund Loan Rate, the rate of
interest available at the time each Interfund Loan is made on overnight
repurchase agreements and commercial bank borrowings, the yield of any
money market fund in which the lending Fund could otherwise invest, and
such other information presented to the Fund's Trustees in connection
with the review required by conditions 13 and 14.
17. The Advisers will prepare and submit to the Trustees for review
an initial report describing the operations of the proposed credit
facility and the procedures to be implemented to ensure that all Funds
are treated fairly. After the commencement of the proposed credit
facility, the Advisers will report on the operations of the proposed
credit facility at the Trustees' quarterly meetings.
Each Fund's chief compliance officer, as defined in rule 38a-
1(a)(4) under the Act, shall prepare an annual report for its Trustees
each year that the Fund participates in the proposed credit facility,
that evaluates the Fund's compliance with the terms and conditions of
the application and the procedures established to achieve such
compliance. Each Fund's chief compliance officer will also annually
file a certification pursuant to Item 77Q3 of Form N-SAR as such Form
may be revised, amended or superseded from time to time, for each year
that the Fund participates in the proposed credit facility, that
certifies that the Fund and the Advisers have established procedures
reasonably designed to
[[Page 44826]]
achieve compliance with the terms and conditions of the order. In
particular, such certification will address procedures designed to
achieve the following objectives:
(a) That the Interfund Loan Rate will be higher than the Repo Rate
and, if applicable, the yield of the money market funds, but lower than
the Bank Loan Rate;
(b) Compliance with the collateral requirements as set forth in the
application;
(c) Compliance with the percentage limitations on interfund
borrowing and lending;
(d) Allocation of interfund borrowing and lending demand in an
equitable manner and in accordance with procedures established by the
Trustees; and
(e) That the Interfund Loan Rate does not exceed the interest rate
on any third party borrowings of a borrowing Fund at the time of the
Interfund Loan.
Additionally, each Fund's independent public accountants, in
connection with their audit examination of the Fund, will review the
operation of the proposed credit facility for compliance with the
conditions of the application and their review will form the basis, in
part, of the auditor's report on internal accounting controls in Form
N-SAR.
18. No Fund will participate in the proposed credit facility upon
receipt of requisite regulatory approval unless it has fully disclosed
in its prospectus and/or statement of additional information all
material facts about its intended participation.
For the Commission, by the Division of Investment Management,
under delegated authority.
Florence E. Harmon,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2010-18675 Filed 7-28-10; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8010-01-P