Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc., et al.; Notice of Application, 51197-51203 [E9-23891]
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Federal Register / Vol. 74, No. 191 / Monday, October 5, 2009 / Notices
University of Alabama, 425 Scientific
Collections Bldg., Tuscaloosa, AL
35487–0345.
Activity for Which Permit Is Requested
Take. The applicant plans to collect 3
samples of Prasiola crispa, a terrestrial
alga widespread in Antarctica. The
samples are required for studies of
molecular systematics of the order
Prasiolales. Part will be used for DNA
extraction and the rest of the samples
will be deposited as voucher specimens
in the herbarium of the University of
Alabama. The DNA sample will be used
for PCR and DNA sequencing.
Location: Palmer Station area, Anvers
Island.
Dates: December 1, 2009 to July 31,
2010.
Nadene G. Kennedy,
Permit Officer, Office of Polar Programs.
[FR Doc. E9–23839 Filed 10–2–09; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 7555–01–P
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
[Investment Company Act Release No.
28933; File No. 812–13628]
Charles Schwab Investment
Management, Inc., et al.; Notice of
Application
September 28, 2009.
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AGENCY: Securities and Exchange
Commission (‘‘Commission’’).
ACTION: Notice of an application for an
order under section 6(c) of the
Investment Company Act of 1940 (the
‘‘Act’’) for an exemption from sections
2(a)(32), 5(a)(1), 22(d), and 22(e) of the
Act and rule 22c–1 under the Act, under
sections 6(c) and 17(b) of the Act for an
exemption from sections 17(a)(1) and
17(a)(2) of the Act, and under section
12(d)(1)(J) of the Act for an exemption
from sections 12(d)(1)(A) and
12(d)(1)(B) of the Act.
SUMMARY OF APPLICATION: Applicants
request an order that would permit (a)
certain open-end management
investment companies and their series
to issue shares (‘‘Shares’’) that can be
redeemed only in large aggregations
(‘‘Creation Units’’); (b) secondary market
transactions in Shares to occur at
negotiated prices; (c) certain series to
pay redemption proceeds, under certain
circumstances, more than seven days
after the tender of Shares for
redemption; (d) certain affiliated
persons of the series to deposit
securities into, and receive securities
from, the series in connection with the
purchase and redemption of Creation
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Units; and (e) certain registered
management investment companies and
unit investment trusts outside of the
same group of investment companies as
the series to acquire Shares.
APPLICANTS: Schwab Strategic Trust
(‘‘Trust’’) and Charles Schwab
Investment Management, Inc.
(‘‘Adviser’’).
FILING DATES: The application was filed
on January 30, 2009, and amended on
June 30, 2009, and September 25, 2009.
HEARING OR NOTIFICATION OF HEARING: An
order granting the application will be
issued unless the Commission orders a
hearing. Interested persons may request
a hearing by writing to the
Commission’s Secretary and serving
applicants with a copy of the request,
personally or by mail. Hearing requests
should be received by the Commission
by 5:30 p.m. on October 22, 2009, and
should be accompanied by proof of
service on applicants, in the form of an
affidavit, or for lawyers, a certificate of
service. Hearing requests should state
the nature of the writer’s interest, the
reason for the request, and the issues
contested. Persons who wish to be
notified of a hearing may request
notification by writing to the
Commission’s Secretary.
ADDRESSES: Secretary, Securities and
Exchange Commission, 100 F Street,
NE., Washington, DC 20549–1090;
Applicants, c/o Charles Schwab
Investment Management, Inc., 101
Montgomery Street, SF120 KNY–14–
101, San Francisco, CA 94104.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Emerson S. Davis, Sr., Senior Counsel at
(202) 551–6868, or Julia Kim Gilmer,
Branch Chief, at (202) 551–6821
(Division of Investment Management,
Office of Investment Company
Regulation).
The
following is a summary of the
application. The complete application
may be obtained via the Commission’s
Web site by searching for the file
number, or an applicant using the
Company name box, at https://
www.sec.gov/search/search.htm or by
calling (202) 551–8090.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Applicants’ Representations
1. The Trust is registered as an openend management investment company
that will offer multiple series and is
organized as a Delaware statutory trust.
The Trust will initially offer Shares of
eight series (the ‘‘Initial Funds’’).1
1 The Initial Funds are the: Schwab U.S. Broad
Market ETF TM, Schwab U.S. Large-Cap ETF TM,
Schwab U.S. Large-Cap Growth ETF TM, Schwab
U.S. Large-Cap Value ETF TM, Schwab U.S. Small-
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Applicants request that the order apply
to any future series of the Trust or of
other open-end management companies,
advised by the Adviser or an entity
controlling, controlled by or under
common control with the Adviser, that
comply with the terms and conditions
of this application whose performance
will closely correspond to the price and
yield performance of securities indices
(collectively with the Initial Funds, the
‘‘Funds’’).2
2. The Adviser or an entity
controlling, controlled by or under
common control with the Adviser will
serve as the investment adviser to the
Funds. The Adviser is registered as an
investment adviser under the
Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as
amended (the ‘‘Advisers Act’’). In the
future, the Adviser may enter into subadvisory agreements with one or more
additional investment advisers to act as
subadvisers to Funds (‘‘Subadvisers’’).
Any Subadviser will be registered under
the Advisers Act. A broker-dealer
registered under the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 (the ‘‘Exchange
Act’’) will act as distributor and the
principal underwriter of the Funds (a
‘‘Distributor’’). The Distributor will not
be affiliated with the Adviser or a
national securities exchange as defined
in section 2(a)(26) of the Act
(‘‘Exchange’’).
3. Each Fund will consist of a
portfolio of securities and other
instruments (‘‘Portfolio Securities’’)
selected to correspond to the price and
yield performance of a specified
securities index (each securities index is
an ‘‘Underlying Index’’).3 Certain of the
Funds may invest in equity securities or
fixed income securities traded in foreign
markets and seek investment results that
closely correspond to the price and
yield performance of Underlying Indices
whose component securities include
Cap ETF TM (collectively, the ‘‘Domestic Initial
Funds’’), Schwab International Equity ETF TM,
Schwab International Small-Cap Equity ETF TM and
Schwab Emerging Markets Equity ETF TM.
2 All entities that intend to rely on the order are
named as applicants. Any other entity that relies on
the order in the future will comply with the terms
and conditions of the application. An Investing
Fund (as defined below) may rely on the order only
to invest in the Funds and not in any other
registered investment company.
3 Applicants represent that each Fund will invest
at least 80% of its total assets in the component
securities that comprise its Underlying Index
(‘‘Component Securities’’) and depositary receipts
representing such securities. ‘‘Depositary Receipts’’
will typically be American Depositary Receipts, but
may also include Global Depositary Receipts and
European Depositary Receipts. Each Fund also may
invest up to 20% of its assets in futures, options and
swap contracts, cash and cash equivalents, as well
as in stocks not included in its Underlying Index,
but which the Adviser or Subadviser believes will
help the Fund track its Underlying Index.
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such securities (‘‘International Funds’’).
No entity that creates, compiles,
sponsors or maintains an Underlying
Index (‘‘Index Provider’’) is or will be an
affiliated person, as defined in section
2(a)(3) of the Act, or an affiliated person
of an affiliated person, of the Trust or
a Fund, a promoter, the Adviser, a
Subadviser, or a Distributor.4
4. The investment objective of each
Fund will be to provide investment
returns that closely correspond to the
price and yield performance of its
Underlying Index.5 The value of an
Underlying Index will be updated at
regular intervals throughout the trading
day. For Domestic Initial Funds, the
Underlying Index value will be
disseminated every 15 seconds, and for
International Funds the underlying
index value will be disseminated every
60 seconds throughout the trading day.
Each Fund’s prospectus (‘‘Prospectus’’)
will indicate whether the Fund will
follow a replication or representative
sampling strategy.6 A Fund using a
replication strategy will invest in
substantially all of the securities
comprising its Underlying Index in the
same approximate proportions as in the
Underlying Index. In certain
circumstances, such as when there are
practical difficulties or substantial costs
involved in compiling an entire
Underlying Index or when a Component
Security of an Underlying Index is
illiquid, a Fund may use a
representative sampling strategy
pursuant to which it will invest in
some, but not all of the Component
Securities of its Underlying Index.7
Applicants expect that each Fund will
have a tracking error relative to the
performance of its Underlying Index of
no more than 5 percent.
4 The Index Providers to the Initial Funds are
Dow Jones & Company, the Financial Times
Limited and the London Exchange plc.
5 The Underlying Indices for the Initial Funds are
the: Dow Jones U.S. Broad Stock Market Index SM,
Dow Jones U.S. Large-Cap Total Stock Market
Index SM, Dow Jones U.S. Large-Cap Growth Total
Stock Market Index SM, Dow Jones U.S. Large-Cap
Value Total Stock Market Index SM, Dow Jones U.S.
Small-Cap Total Stock Market Index SM, FTSE
Developed ex-US Index, FTSE Developed Small
Cap ex-US Liquid Index and FTSE All-Emerging
Index.
6 All representations and conditions contained in
the application that require a Fund to disclose
particular information in the Fund’s Prospectus
and/or annual report shall be effective with respect
to the Fund until the time that the Fund complies
with the disclosure requirements adopted by the
Commission in Investment Company Act Release
No. 28584 (Jan. 13, 2009).
7 Using the sampling strategy, the Adviser or
Subadviser will select each security for inclusion in
the Fund’s portfolio to have aggregate investment
characteristics, fundamental characteristics, and
liquidity measures similar to those of the Fund’s
Underlying Index, taken in its entirety.
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5. The initial price of Shares is
expected to range between $25 and
$100, and the initial price of Creation
Units is expected to range from
$625,000 to $10,000,000. Creation Units
will be aggregations of least 25,000
Shares. Orders to purchase Creation
Units must be placed with the
Distributor, by or through a party that
has entered into an agreement with the
Distributor (‘‘Authorized Participant’’).
The Distributor will be responsible for
transmitting the orders to the Funds. An
Authorized Participant must be either:
(a) A broker-dealer or other participant
in the continuous net settlement system
of the National Securities Clearing
Corporation, a clearing agency
registered with the Commission, or (b)
a participant in the Depository Trust
Company (‘‘DTC,’’ and such participant,
‘‘DTC Participant’’). Shares of each
Fund generally will be sold in Creation
Units in exchange for an in-kind deposit
by the purchaser of a portfolio of
securities designated by the Adviser (the
‘‘Deposit Securities’’), together with the
deposit or refund of a specified cash
payment (‘‘Cash Component’’). The
Cash Component is an amount equal to
the difference between, if any, (a) the
net asset value (‘‘NAV’’) (per Creation
Unit) of a Fund and (b) the market value
(per Creation Unit) of the Deposit
Securities.8 Each Fund may permit or
require, under certain circumstances, an
in-kind purchaser of Creation Units to
substitute cash in lieu of depositing
some or all of the Deposit Securities if
the Adviser believes such method
would substantially minimize the
Fund’s transactional costs or would
enhance the Fund’s operational
efficiencies.9
6. An investor purchasing or
redeeming a Creation Unit from a Fund
will be charged a fee (‘‘Transaction
8 Each Fund will sell and redeem Creation Units
on each day that a Fund is open, which includes
any day that a Fund is required to be open under
Section 22(e) of the Act (‘‘Business Day’’). Each
Business Day, prior to the opening of trading on the
Exchange, the list of names and amount of each
security constituting the current Deposit Securities
and the Cash Component will be made available.
Any Exchange on which Shares are listed will
disseminate, every 15 seconds during its regular
trading hours, through the facilities of the
Consolidated Tape Association an amount
representing, on a per Share basis, the sum of the
current value of the Deposit Securities and the
estimated Cash Component.
9 When a rebalancing of a Fund’s portfolio is
required, the Adviser might prefer to receive cash
rather than in-kind stocks so that the Fund may
avoid transaction costs involved in liquidating part
of its portfolio to achieve the rebalancing.
Additionally, in some circumstances or in certain
countries, it may not be practicable or convenient,
or permissible under the laws of certain countries
or the regulations of certain foreign stock exchanges
for an International Fund to operate exclusively on
an in-kind basis.
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Fee’’) to prevent the dilution of the
interests of the remaining shareholders
resulting from costs in connection with
the purchase or redemption of Creation
Units.10 The Transaction Fees relevant
to each Fund and the method of
calculating these Transaction Fees,
which will be the same for purchase and
redemption transactions, will be fully
disclosed in the Prospectus of such
Fund or statement of additional
information (‘‘SAI’’). The Distributor
will be responsible for delivering the
Fund’s Prospectus to those persons
purchasing Creation Units and for
maintaining records of both the orders
placed with it and the confirmations of
acceptance furnished by it. In addition,
the Distributor will maintain a record of
the instructions given to the applicable
Fund to implement the delivery of its
Shares.
7. Purchasers of Shares in Creation
Units may hold such Shares or may sell
such Shares into the secondary market.
Shares will be listed and traded on an
Exchange. It is expected that one or
more member firms of an Exchange on
which the Shares are listed will be
designated to act as a specialist or a
market maker and maintain a market for
Shares trading on such Exchange. Prices
of Shares trading on an Exchange will
be based on the current bid/ask market.
Shares sold in the secondary market
will be subject to customary brokerage
commissions and charges.
8. Applicants expect that purchasers
of Creation Units will include
institutional investors and arbitrageurs.
A specialist or market maker, in
providing a fair and orderly secondary
market for the Shares, also may
purchase Creation Units for use in its
market-making activities. Applicants
expect that secondary market
purchasers of Shares will include both
institutional investors and retail
investors.11 Applicants expect that the
price at which Shares trade will be
disciplined by arbitrage opportunities
created by the option to continually
purchase or redeem Creation Units at
their NAV, which should ensure that
Shares will not trade at a material
10 Where a Fund permits an in-kind purchaser to
substitute cash in lieu of depositing a portion of the
Deposit Securities, the purchaser may be assessed
a higher Transaction Fee to cover the cost of
purchasing those securities including operational
processing and brokerage costs, and part or all of
the spread between the bid and the offer side of the
market.
11 Shares will be registered in book-entry form
only. DTC or its nominee will be the registered
owner of all outstanding Shares. DTC or DTC
Participants will maintain records reflecting
beneficial owners of Shares.
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Federal Register / Vol. 74, No. 191 / Monday, October 5, 2009 / Notices
discount or premium in relation to their
NAV.
9. Shares will not be individually
redeemable, and owners of Shares may
acquire those Shares from the Fund, or
tender such Shares for redemption to
the Fund, in Creation Units only. To
redeem, an investor will have to
accumulate enough Shares to constitute
a Creation Unit. Redemption orders
must be placed by or through an
Authorized Participant. An investor
redeeming a Creation Unit generally
will receive (a) a particular portfolio of
securities designated to be delivered for
Creation Unit redemptions (‘‘Fund
Securities’’) on the Business Day that
the request for redemption is
submitted 12 and (b) a ‘‘Cash
Redemption Amount,’’ consisting of an
amount equal to the difference between
the NAV of the Shares being redeemed
and the market value of the Fund
Securities. An investor may receive the
cash equivalent of a Fund Security in
certain circumstances, such as if the
investor is constrained from effecting
transactions in the security by
regulation or policy.
10. Neither the Trust nor any Fund
will be marketed or otherwise held out
as a traditional open-end investment
company or a mutual fund. Instead,
each Fund will be marketed as an
‘‘exchange-traded fund.’’ All marketing
materials that describe the features or
method of obtaining, buying or selling
Creation Units or refer to redeemability,
will prominently disclose that Shares
are not individually redeemable and
that the owners of Shares may purchase
or redeem Shares from the Fund in
Creation Units only. The same approach
will be followed in the Prospectus, SAI,
shareholder reports and any marketing
or advertising materials. The Funds will
provide copies of their annual and semiannual shareholder reports to DTC
Participants for distribution to
shareholders.
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Applicants’ Legal Analysis
1. Applicants request an order under
section 6(c) of the Act for an exemption
from sections 2(a)(32), 5(a)(1), 22(d), and
22(e) of the Act and rule 22c–1 under
the Act, under sections 6(c) and 17(b) of
the Act for an exemption from sections
12 As a general matter, the Deposit Securities and
Fund Securities will correspond pro rata to a
Fund’s portfolio, but Fund Securities received on
redemption may not always be identical to Deposit
Securities deposited in connection with the
purchase of Creation Units for the same day. A
Fund will comply with the federal securities laws
in accepting Deposit Securities and satisfying
redemptions with Fund Securities, including that
the Deposit Securities and Fund Securities are sold
in transactions that would be exempt from
registration under the Securities Act.
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Sections 5(a)(1) and 2(a)(32) of the Act
3. Section 5(a)(1) of the Act defines an
‘‘open-end company’’ as a management
investment company that is offering for
sale or has outstanding any redeemable
security of which it is the issuer.
Section 2(a)(32) of the Act defines a
redeemable security as any security,
other than short-term paper, under the
terms of which the owner, upon its
presentation to the issuer, is entitled to
receive approximately his proportionate
share of the issuer’s current net assets,
or the cash equivalent. Because Shares
will not be individually redeemable,
applicants request an order that would
permit the Trust or a Fund to register as
an open-end management investment
company and issue Shares that are
redeemable in Creation Units only.
Applicants state that investors may
purchase Shares in Creation Units and
redeem Creation Units from each Fund.
Applicants state that because Creation
Units may always be purchased and
redeemed at NAV, the market price of
the Shares should not vary substantially
from their NAV.
selling a redeemable security, which is
currently being offered to the public by
or through a principal underwriter,
except at a current public offering price
described in the prospectus. Rule 22c–
1 under the Act generally requires that
a dealer selling, redeeming or
repurchasing a redeemable security do
so only at a price based on its NAV.
Applicants state that secondary market
trading in Shares will take place at
negotiated prices, not at a current
offering price described in a Fund’s
Prospectus, and not at a price based on
NAV. Thus, purchases and sales of
Shares in the secondary market will not
comply with section 22(d) of the Act
and rule 22c–1 under the Act.
Applicants request an exemption under
section 6(c) from these provisions.
5. Applicants assert that the concerns
sought to be addressed by section 22(d)
of the Act and rule 22c–1 under the Act
with respect to pricing are equally
satisfied by the proposed method of
pricing Shares. Applicants maintain that
while there is little legislative history
regarding section 22(d), its provisions,
as well as those of rule 22c–1, appear to
have been designed to (a) prevent
dilution caused by certain risklesstrading schemes by principal
underwriters and contract dealers, (b)
prevent unjust discrimination or
preferential treatment among buyers,
and (c) assure an orderly distribution of
investment company shares by
eliminating price competition from
dealers offering shares at less than the
published sales price and repurchasing
shares at more than the published
redemption price.
6. Applicants believe that none of
these purposes will be thwarted by
permitting Shares to trade in the
secondary market at negotiated prices.
Applicants state that (a) secondary
market trading in Shares does not
involve a Fund as a party and will not
result in dilution of an investment in
Shares, and (b) to the extent different
prices exist during a given trading day,
or from day to day, such variances occur
as a result of third-party market forces,
such as supply and demand. Therefore,
applicants assert that secondary market
transactions in Shares will not lead to
discrimination or preferential treatment
among purchasers. Finally, applicants
contend that the proposed distribution
system will be orderly because arbitrage
activity should ensure that the
difference between the market price of
Shares and their NAV remains narrow.
Section 22(d) of the Act and
Rule 22c–1 Under the Act
4. Section 22(d) of the Act, among
other things, prohibits a dealer from
Section 22(e)
7. Section 22(e) of the Act generally
prohibits a registered investment
company from suspending the right of
17(a)(1) and 17(a)(2) of the Act, and
under section 12(d)(1)(J) of the Act for
an exemption from sections 12(d)(1)(A)
and (B) of the Act.
2. Section 6(c) of the Act provides that
the Commission may exempt any
person, security or transaction, or any
class of persons, securities or
transactions, from any provision of the
Act, if and to the extent that such
exemption is necessary or appropriate
in the public interest and consistent
with the protection of investors and the
purposes fairly intended by the policy
and provisions of the Act. Section 17(b)
of the Act authorizes the Commission to
exempt a proposed transaction from
section 17(a) of the Act if evidence
establishes that the terms of the
transaction, including the consideration
to be paid or received, are reasonable
and fair and do not involve
overreaching on the part of any person
concerned, and the proposed
transaction is consistent with the
policies of the registered investment
company and the general provisions of
the Act. Section 12(d)(1)(J) of the Act
provides that the Commission may
exempt any person, security, or
transaction, or any class or classes of
persons, securities or transactions, from
any provisions of section 12(d)(1) if the
exemption is consistent with the public
interest and the protection of investors.
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redemption or postponing the date of
payment of redemption proceeds for
more than seven days after the tender of
a security for redemption. Applicants
state that settlement of redemptions of
Creation Units of the International
Funds is contingent not only on the
settlement cycle of the United States
securities markets, but also on the
delivery cycles present in foreign
markets for underlying foreign Portfolio
Securities held by the International
Funds. Applicants state that in certain
circumstances delivery cycles for
transferring Fund Securities to
redeeming investors, coupled with local
market holiday schedules, will require a
delivery process of up to twelve
calendar days for certain International
Funds. Applicants request relief under
section 6(c) of the Act from section 22(e)
to allow the International Funds to pay
redemption proceeds up to twelve
calendar days after a redemption request
is received and in proper form. Except
as disclosed in the relevant
International Fund’s Prospectus and/or
SAI, applicants expect that each
International Fund will be able to
deliver redemption proceeds within
seven days.13
8. Applicants state that section 22(e)
was designed to prevent unreasonable,
undisclosed and unforeseen delays in
the payment of redemption proceeds.
Applicants assert that the requested
relief will not lead to the problems that
section 22(e) was designed to prevent.
Applicants state that the SAI will
disclose those local holidays in a given
year that are expected to prevent the
delivery of redemption proceeds in
seven calendar days, and the maximum
number of days, up to twelve calendar
days, needed to deliver the proceeds for
the relevant International Fund.
Applicants are not seeking relief from
section 22(e) with respect to
International Funds that do not effect
redemptions of Creation Units in-kind.
Section 12(d)(1)
9. Section 12(d)(1)(A) of the Act, in
relevant part, prohibits a registered
investment company from acquiring
securities of an investment company if
such securities represent more than 3%
of the total outstanding voting stock of
the acquired company, more than 5% of
the total assets of the acquiring
company, or, together with the
securities of any other investment
13 Rule 15c6–1 under the Exchange Act requires
that most securities transactions be settled within
three business days of the trade. Applicants
acknowledge that no relief obtained from the
requirements of Section 22(e) will affect any
obligations applicants may have under Rule
15c6–1.
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companies, more than 10% of the total
assets of the acquiring company. Section
12(d)(1)(B) of the Act prohibits a
registered open-end investment
company, its principal underwriter and
any other broker-dealer from selling the
investment company’s shares to another
investment company if the sale will
cause the acquiring company to own
more than 3% of the acquired
company’s voting stock, or if the sale
will cause more than 10% of the
acquired company’s voting stock to be
owned by investment companies
generally.
10. Applicants request an exemption
to permit management investment
companies and unit investment trusts
registered under the Act that are not
sponsored or advised by the Adviser or
any entity controlling, controlled by, or
under common control with the Adviser
and are not part of the same ‘‘group of
investment companies,’’ as defined in
section 12(d)(1)(G)(ii) of the Act, as the
Funds and that have entered into a
participation agreement with a Fund
(such agreement, a ‘‘FOF Participation
Agreement,’’ such management
investment companies, the ‘‘Investing
Management Companies,’’ such unit
investment trusts, the ‘‘Investing
Trusts,’’ and the Investing Trusts,
together with the Investing Management
Companies, the ‘‘Investing Funds’’) to
acquire shares of a Fund beyond the
limits of section 12(d)(1)(A). Investing
Funds do not include the Funds. In
addition, applicants seek relief to permit
the Funds, the Distributor and any other
broker or dealer that is registered under
the Exchange Act to sell Shares to an
Investing Fund in excess of the limits of
section 12(d)(1)(B).
11. Each Investing Management
Company will be advised by an
investment adviser within the meaning
of section 2(a)(20)(A) of the Act (the
‘‘Investing Fund Adviser’’) and may be
subadvised by one or more investment
advisers within the meaning of section
2(a)(20)(B) of the Act (each an
‘‘Investing Fund Subadviser’’). Each
Investing Fund Adviser and any
Investing Fund Subadviser will be
registered under the Advisers Act. Each
Investing Trust will be sponsored by a
sponsor (‘‘Sponsor’’).
12. Applicants submit that the
proposed conditions to the requested
relief adequately address the concerns
underlying the limits in sections
12(d)(1)(A) and (B), which include
concerns about undue influence by a
fund of funds over underlying funds,
excessive layering of fees and overly
complex fund structures. Applicants
believe that the requested exemption is
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consistent with the public interest and
the protection of investors.
13. Applicants believe that neither the
Investing Funds nor an Investing Fund
Affiliate would be able to exert undue
influence over the Funds.14 To limit the
control that an Investing Fund may have
over a Fund, applicants propose a
condition prohibiting an Investing Fund
Adviser or a Sponsor, any person
controlling, controlled by, or under
common control with an Investing Fund
Adviser or Sponsor, and any investment
company and any issuer that would be
an investment company but for sections
3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) of the Act that is
advised or sponsored by an Investing
Fund Adviser or Sponsor, or any person
controlling, controlled by, or under
common control with an Investing Fund
Adviser or Sponsor (‘‘Investing Fund’s
Advisory Group’’) from controlling
(individually or in the aggregate) a Fund
within the meaning of section 2(a)(9) of
the Act. The same prohibition would
apply to any Investing Fund Subadviser,
any person controlling, controlled by, or
under common control with the
Investing Fund Subadviser, and any
investment company or issuer that
would be an investment company but
for sections 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) of the Act
(or portion of such investment company
or issuer) advised or sponsored by the
Investing Fund Subadviser or any
person controlling, controlled by, or
under common control with the
Investing Fund Subadviser (‘‘Investing
Fund’s Subadvisory Group’’).
Applicants propose other conditions to
limit the potential for undue influence
over the Funds, including that no
Investing Fund or Investing Fund
Affiliate (except to the extent it is acting
in its capacity as an investment adviser
to a Fund) will cause a Fund to
purchase a security in any offering of
securities during the existence of any
underwriting or selling syndicate of
which a principal underwriter is an
Underwriting Affiliate (‘‘Affiliated
Underwriting’’). An ‘‘Underwriting
Affiliate’’ is a principal underwriter in
any underwriting or selling syndicate
that is an officer, director, member of an
advisory board, Investing Fund Adviser,
Investing Fund Subadviser, employee or
Sponsor of the Investing Fund, or a
person of which any such officer,
director, member of an advisory board,
14 An ‘‘Investing Fund Affiliate’’ is an Investing
Fund Adviser, Investing Fund Subadviser, Sponsor,
promoter, and principal underwriter of an Investing
Fund, and any person controlling, controlled by, or
under common control with any of these entities.
A ‘‘Fund Affiliate’’ is an investment adviser,
promoter, or principal underwriter of a Fund and
any person controlling, controlled by or under
common control with any of these entities.
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Investing Fund Adviser, Investing Fund
Subadviser, employee, or Sponsor is an
affiliated person (except that any person
whose relationship to the Fund is
covered by section 10(f) of the Act is not
an Underwriting Affiliate).
14. Applicants assert that several
proposed conditions address any
concerns regarding excessive layering of
fees. The board of directors or trustees
of any Investing Management Company,
including a majority of the directors or
trustees who are not ‘‘interested
persons’’ within the meaning of section
2(a)(19) of the Act (‘‘independent
directors or trustees’’), will be required
to find that the advisory fees charged to
the Investing Management Company are
based on services provided that will be
in addition to, rather than duplicative
of, services provided under the advisory
contract(s) of any Fund in which the
Investing Management Company may
invest. In addition, except as provided
in condition B.5, an Investing Fund
Adviser or a trustee of an Investing
Fund (‘‘Trustee’’) or Sponsor of an
Investing Trust will, as applicable,
waive fees otherwise payable to it by the
Investing Fund in an amount at least
equal to any compensation (including
fees received pursuant to any plan
adopted by a Fund under rule 12b–1
under the Act) received by the Investing
Fund Adviser or Trustee or Sponsor or
an affiliated person of the Investing
Fund Adviser, Trustee or Sponsor, from
the Fund in connection with the
investment by the Investing Fund in the
Fund. Applicants state that any sales
loads or service fees charged with
respect to shares of an Investing Fund
will not exceed the limits applicable to
a fund of funds set forth in Conduct
Rule 2830 of the National Association of
Securities Dealers (‘‘NASD’’).15
15. Applicants submit that the
proposed arrangement will not create an
overly complex fund structure.
Applicants note that no Fund will
acquire securities of any investment
company or company relying on
sections 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) of the Act in
excess of the limits contained in section
12(d)(1)(A) of the Act. To ensure that
Investing Funds comply with the terms
and conditions of the requested relief
from section 12(d)(1), any Investing
Fund that intends to invest in a Fund in
reliance on the requested order will
enter into a FOF Participation
Agreement requiring the Investing Fund
to adhere to the terms and conditions of
the requested order. The FOF
15 Any references to NASD Conduct Rule 2830
include any successor or replacement Rule to NASD
Conduct Rule 2830 that may be adopted by the
Financial Industry Regulatory Authority.
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14:59 Oct 02, 2009
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Participation Agreement also will
include an acknowledgement from the
Investing Fund that it may rely on the
requested order only to invest in the
Funds and not in any other investment
company.
16. Applicants also note that a Fund
may choose to reject a direct purchase
of in Creation Units by an Investing
Fund. To the extent that an Investing
Fund purchases Shares in the secondary
market, a Fund would still retain its
ability to reject initial purchases of
Shares made in reliance on the
requested order by declining to enter
into the FOF Participation Agreement
prior to any investment by an Investing
Fund in excess of the limits of section
12(d)(1)(A).
Sections 17(a)(1) and (2) of the Act
17. Section 17(a) of the Act generally
prohibits an affiliated person of a
registered investment company, or an
affiliated person of such a person
(‘‘Second-Tier Affiliate’’), from selling
any security to or purchasing any
security from the company. Section
2(a)(3) of the Act defines ‘‘affiliated
person’’ to include (a) any person
directly or indirectly owning,
controlling or holding with power to
vote 5% or more of the outstanding
voting securities of the other person, (b)
any person 5% or more of whose
outstanding voting securities are
directly or indirectly owned, controlled
or held with the power to vote by the
other person, and (c) any person directly
or indirectly controlling, controlled by
or under common control with the other
person. Section 2(a)(9) of the Act
provides that a control relationship will
be presumed where one person owns
more than 25% of another person’s
voting securities.
18. Applicants request an exemption
from section 17(a) of the Act pursuant
to sections 17(b) and 6(c) of the Act in
order to permit in-kind purchases and
redemptions of Creation Units from the
Funds by persons that are affiliated
persons of the Fund or Second-Tier
Affiliates solely by virtue of one or more
of the following: (a) Holding 5% or
more, or in excess of 25%, of the
outstanding Shares of the Trust or one
or more Funds; (b) having an affiliation
with a person with an ownership
interest described in (a); or (c) holding
5% or more, or more than 25%, of the
shares of one or more other registered
investment companies (or series thereof)
advised by the Adviser or an entity
controlling, controlled by or under
common control with Adviser.
19. Applicants assert that no useful
purpose would be served by prohibiting
these types of affiliated persons from
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51201
purchasing or redeeming Creation Units
through ‘‘in-kind’’ transactions. The
composition of the basket of securities
and cash for both in-kind purchases and
in-kind redemptions of Creation Units
will be the same for all purchasers and
redeemers. Deposit Securities and Fund
Securities will be valued in the same
manner as Portfolio Securities.
Therefore, applicants state that in-kind
purchases and redemptions will afford
no opportunity for the specified
affiliated persons, or Second-Tier
Affiliates, of a Fund to effect a
transaction detrimental to other holders
of Shares. Applicants also believe that
in-kind purchases and redemptions will
not result in self-dealing or overreaching
of the Fund.
20. Applicants also seek relief from
section 17(a) to permit a Fund that is an
affiliated person of an Investing Fund to
sell its Shares to and redeem its Shares
from an Investing Fund, and to engage
in the accompanying in-kind
transactions with the Investing Fund.16
Applicants state that the terms of the
transactions are fair and reasonable and
do not involve overreaching. Applicants
note that any consideration paid by an
Investing Fund for the purchase or
redemption of Shares directly from a
Fund will be based on the NAV of the
Shares.17 Applicants believe that any
proposed transactions directly between
the Funds and Investing Funds will be
consistent with the policies of each
Investing Fund. The proposed
transactions will comply with the
investment restrictions of the Investing
Fund and be consistent with its
investment policies as set forth in its
registration statement. The FOF
Participation Agreement will require
any Investing Fund that relies on the
relief to purchase Shares directly from
a Fund to represent that its purchases
are permitted under its investment
restrictions and consistent with the
investment policies described in its
registration statement.
16 Applicants acknowledge that the receipt of
compensation by (a) an affiliated person of an
Investing Fund, or an affiliated person of such
person, for the purchase by the Investing Fund of
Shares of a Fund or (b) an affiliated person of a
Fund, or an affiliated person of such person, for the
sale by the Fund of its Shares to an Investing Fund,
may be prohibited by Section 17(e)(1) of the Act.
The FOF Participation Agreement also will include
this acknowledgment.
17 Applicants believe that an Investing Fund
generally will purchase Shares in the secondary
market and will not purchase or redeem Creation
Units directly from a Fund. However, the requested
relief would apply to direct sales of Creation Units
by a Fund to an Investing Fund and in-kind
redemptions of those Shares.
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Applicants’ Conditions
Applicants agree that any order
granting the requested relief will be
subject to the following conditions: 18
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A. Exchange-Traded Fund Relief
1. Each Prospectus will clearly
disclose that, for purposes of the Act,
Shares are issued by a registered
investment company and that the
acquisition of Shares by investment
companies and companies relying on
sections 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) of the Act is
subject to the restrictions of section
12(d)(1) of the Act, except as permitted
by an exemptive order that permits
registered investment companies to
invest in a Fund beyond the limits in
section 12(d)(1), subject to certain terms
and conditions, including that the
registered investment company enter
into a FOF Participation Agreement
with the Fund regarding the terms of the
investment.
2. As long as the Funds operate in
reliance on the requested order, the
Shares of the Funds will be listed on an
Exchange.
3. Neither the Trust nor any Fund will
be advertised or marketed as an openend investment company or a mutual
fund. Each Prospectus will prominently
disclose that the Shares are not
individually redeemable shares and will
disclose that the owners of the Shares
may acquire those Shares from the Fund
and tender those Shares for redemption
to the Fund in Creation Units only. Any
advertising material that describes the
purchase or sale of Creation Units or
refers to redeemability will prominently
disclose that the Shares are not
individually redeemable and that
owners of the Shares may acquire those
Shares from the Fund and tender those
Shares for redemption to the Fund in
Creation Units only.
4. The Web site for the Funds, which
is and will be publicly accessible at no
charge, will contain the following
information, on a per Share basis, for
each Fund: (a) the prior Business Day’s
NAV and the Bid/Ask Price, and a
calculation of the premium or discount
of the Bid/Ask Price against such NAV;
and (b) data in chart format displaying
the frequency distribution of discounts
and premiums of the daily Bid/Ask
Price against the NAV, within
appropriate ranges, for each of the four
previous calendar quarters (or for the
life of the Fund, if shorter).
5. The Prospectus and annual report
for each Fund will also include: (a) the
information listed in condition A.4(b),
(i) in the case of the Prospectus, for the
18 See
note 6, supra.
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14:59 Oct 02, 2009
Jkt 220001
most recently completed year (and the
most recently completed quarter or
quarters, as applicable) and (ii) in the
case of the annual report, for the
immediately preceding five years (or for
the life of the Fund, if shorter), and (b)
calculated on a per Share basis for one,
five and ten year periods (or life of the
Fund), (i) the cumulative total return
and the average annual total return
based on NAV and Bid/Ask Price, and
(ii) the cumulative total return of the
relevant Underlying Index.
6. The requested relief to permit ETF
operations will expire on the effective
date of any Commission rule under the
Act that provides relief permitting the
operation of index-based exchangetraded funds.
B. Section 12(d)(1) Relief
1. The members of the Investing
Fund’s Advisory Group will not control
(individually or in the aggregate) a Fund
within the meaning of section 2(a)(9) of
the Act. The members of the Investing
Fund’s Subadvisory Group will not
control (individually or in the aggregate)
a Fund within the meaning of section
2(a)(9) of the Act. If, as a result of a
decrease in the outstanding Shares of a
Fund, the Investing Fund’s Advisory
Group or the Investing Fund’s
Subadvisory Group, each in the
aggregate, becomes a holder of more
than 25 percent of the outstanding
Shares of a Fund, it will vote its Shares
of the Fund in the same proportion as
the vote of all other holders of the
Fund’s Shares. This condition does not
apply to the Investing Fund’s
Subadvisory Group with respect to a
Fund for which the Investing Fund
Subadviser or a person controlling,
controlled by or under common control
with the Investing Fund Subadviser acts
as the investment adviser within the
meaning of section 2(a)(20)(A) of the
Act.
2. No Investing Fund or Investing
Fund Affiliate will cause any existing or
potential investment by the Investing
Fund in a Fund to influence the terms
of any services or transactions between
the Investing Fund or an Investing Fund
Affiliate and the Fund or a Fund
Affiliate.
3. The board of directors or trustees of
an Investing Management Company,
including a majority of the independent
directors or trustees, will adopt
procedures reasonably designed to
assure that the Investing Fund Adviser
and any Investing Fund Subadviser are
conducting the investment program of
the Investing Management Company
without taking into account any
consideration received by the Investing
Management Company or an Investing
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Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
Fund Affiliate from a Fund or a Fund
Affiliate in connection with any services
or transactions.
4. Once an investment by an Investing
Fund in Fund Shares exceeds the limit
in section l2(d)(1)(A)(i) of the Act, the
Board of a Fund, including a majority of
the independent Board members, will
determine that any consideration paid
by the Fund to the Investing Fund or an
Investing Fund Affiliate in connection
with any services or transactions: (i) Is
fair and reasonable in relation to the
nature and quality of the services and
benefits received by the Fund; (ii) is
within the range of consideration that
the Fund would be required to pay to
another unaffiliated entity in connection
with the same services or transactions;
and (iii) does not involve overreaching
on the part of any person concerned.
This condition does not apply with
respect to any services or transactions
between a Fund and its investment
adviser(s), or any person controlling,
controlled by or under common control
with such investment adviser(s).
5. The Investing Fund Adviser, or
Trustee or Sponsor, as applicable, will
waive fees otherwise payable to it by the
Investing Fund in an amount at least
equal to any compensation (including
fees received pursuant to any plan
adopted by a Fund under rule 12b–l
under the Act) received from a Fund by
the Investing Fund Adviser, or Trustee
or Sponsor, or an affiliated person of the
Investing Fund Adviser, or Trustee or
Sponsor, other than any advisory fees
paid to the Investing Fund Adviser, or
Trustee or Sponsor, or its affiliated
person by the Fund, in connection with
the investment by the Investing Fund in
the Fund. Any Investing Fund
Subadviser will waive fees otherwise
payable to the Investing Fund
Subadviser, directly or indirectly, by the
Investing Management Company in an
amount at least equal to any
compensation received from a Fund by
the Investing Fund Subadviser, or an
affiliated person of the Investing Fund
Subadviser, other than any advisory fees
paid to the Investing Fund Subadviser
or its affiliated person by the Fund, in
connection with the investment by the
Investing Management Company in the
Fund made at the direction of the
Investing Fund Subadviser. In the event
that the Investing Fund Subadviser
waives fees, the benefit of the waiver
will be passed through to the Investing
Management Company.
6. No Investing Fund or Investing
Fund Affiliate (except to the extent it is
acting in its capacity as an investment
adviser to a Fund) will cause a Fund to
purchase a security in an Affiliated
Underwriting.
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7. The Board of the Fund, including
a majority of the independent Board
members, will adopt procedures
reasonably designed to monitor any
purchases of securities by the Fund in
an Affiliated Underwriting, once an
investment by an Investing Fund in
Fund Shares exceeds the limit of section
12(d)(1)(A)(i) of the Act, including any
purchases made directly from an
Underwriting Affiliate. The Board will
review these purchases periodically, but
no less frequently than annually, to
determine whether the purchases were
influenced by the investment by the
Investing Fund in the Fund. The Board
will consider, among other things: (i)
Whether the purchases were consistent
with the investment objectives and
policies of the Fund; (ii) how the
performance of securities purchased in
an Affiliated Underwriting compares to
the performance of comparable
securities purchased during a
comparable period of time in
underwritings other than Affiliated
Underwritings or to a benchmark such
as a comparable market index; and (iii)
whether the amount of securities
purchased by the Fund in Affiliated
Underwritings and the amount
purchased directly from an
Underwriting Affiliate have changed
significantly from prior years. The
Board will take any appropriate actions
based on its review, including, if
appropriate, the institution of
procedures designed to assure that
purchases of securities in Affiliated
Underwritings are in the best interest of
shareholders of the Fund.
8. Each Fund will maintain and
preserve permanently in an easily
accessible place a written copy of the
procedures described in the preceding
condition, and any modifications to
such procedures, and will maintain and
preserve for a period of not less than six
years from the end of the fiscal year in
which any purchase in an Affiliated
Underwriting occurred, the first two
years in an easily accessible place, a
written record of each purchase of
securities in Affiliated Underwritings
once an investment by an Investing
Fund in the securities of the Fund
exceeds the limit of section
12(d)(1)(A)(i) of the Act, setting forth
from whom the securities were
acquired, the identity of the
underwriting syndicate’s members, the
terms of the purchase, and the
information or materials upon which
the Board’s determinations were made.
9. Before investing in Fund Shares in
excess of the limits in section
12(d)(1)(A), an Investing Fund will
execute a FOF Participation Agreement
with the Fund stating that their
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14:59 Oct 02, 2009
Jkt 220001
respective boards of directors or trustees
and their investment advisers, or
Trustee and Sponsor, as applicable,
understand the terms and conditions of
the order, and agree to fulfill their
responsibilities under the order. At the
time of its investment in Fund Shares in
excess of the limit in section
12(d)(1)(A)(i), an Investing Fund will
notify the Fund of the investment. At
such time, the Investing Fund will also
transmit to the Fund a list of the names
of each Investing Fund Affiliate and
Underwriting Affiliate. The Investing
Fund will notify the Fund of any
changes to the list as soon as reasonably
practicable after a change occurs. The
Fund and the Investing Fund will
maintain and preserve a copy of the
order, the FOF Participation Agreement,
and the list with any updated
information for the duration of the
investment and for a period of not less
than six years thereafter, the first two
years in an easily accessible place.
10. Before approving any advisory
contract under section 15 of the Act, the
board of directors or trustees of each
Investing Management Company,
including a majority of the independent
directors or trustees, will find that the
advisory fees charged under such
contract are based on services provided
that will be in addition to, rather than
duplicative of, the services provided
under the advisory contract(s) of any
Fund in which the Investing
Management Company may invest.
These findings and their basis will be
recorded fully in the minute books of
the appropriate Investing Management
Company.
11. Any sales charges and/or service
fees charged with respect to shares of an
Investing Fund will not exceed the
limits applicable to a fund of funds as
set forth in Conduct Rule 2830 of the
NASD.
12. No Fund will acquire securities of
any investment company or company
relying on section 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) of
the Act in excess of the limits contained
in section 12(d)(1)(A) of the Act.
For the Commission, by the Division of
Investment Management, pursuant to
delegated authority.
Florence E. Harmon,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. E9–23891 Filed 10–2–09; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
Sunshine Act, Public Law 94–409, that
the Securities and Exchange
Commission will hold a Closed Meeting
on Thursday, October 8, 2009 at 11 a.m.
Commissioners, Counsel to the
Commissioners, the Secretary to the
Commission, and recording secretaries
will attend the Closed Meeting. Certain
staff members who have an interest in
the matters also may be present.
The General Counsel of the
Commission, or his designee, has
certified that, in his opinion, one or
more of the exemptions set forth in 5
U.S.C. 552b(c)(3), (5), (7), 9(B) and (10)
and 17 CFR 200.402(a)(3), (5), (7), 9(ii)
and (10), permit consideration of the
scheduled matters at the Closed
Meeting.
Commissioner Casey, as duty officer,
voted to consider the items listed for the
Closed Meeting in a closed session.
The subject matter of the Closed
Meeting scheduled for Thursday,
October 8, 2009 will be:
Institution and settlement of injunctive
actions;
Institution and settlement of administrative
proceedings; and
Other matters relating to enforcement
proceedings.
At times, changes in Commission
priorities require alterations in the
scheduling of meeting items.
For further information and to
ascertain what, if any, matters have been
added, deleted or postponed, please
contact: The Office of the Secretary at
(202) 551–5400.
Dated: September 30, 2009.
Elizabeth M. Murphy,
Secretary.
[FR Doc. E9–24026 Filed 10–1–09; 4:15 pm]
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
[Release No. 34–60739; File No. SR–
NYSEAMEX–2009–63]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; Notice
of Filing of Proposed Rule Change by
NYSE Amex LLC Permitting Affiliation
With NYFIX Millennium L.L.C. and
NYFIX Securities Corporation
September 29, 2009.
Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) 1 of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the
‘‘Act’’) 2 and Rule 19b–4 thereunder,3
notice is hereby given that, on
September 22, 2009, NYSE Amex LLC
(‘‘NYSE Amex’’ or the ‘‘Exchange’’) filed
Sunshine Act Meeting
Notice is hereby given, pursuant to
the provisions of the Government in the
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51203
1 15
U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
U.S.C. 78a.
3 17 CFR 240.19b–4.
2 15
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Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 74, Number 191 (Monday, October 5, 2009)]
[Notices]
[Pages 51197-51203]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: E9-23891]
=======================================================================
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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
[Investment Company Act Release No. 28933; File No. 812-13628]
Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc., et al.; Notice of
Application
September 28, 2009.
AGENCY: Securities and Exchange Commission (``Commission'').
ACTION: Notice of an application for an order under section 6(c) of the
Investment Company Act of 1940 (the ``Act'') for an exemption from
sections 2(a)(32), 5(a)(1), 22(d), and 22(e) of the Act and rule 22c-1
under the Act, under sections 6(c) and 17(b) of the Act for an
exemption from sections 17(a)(1) and 17(a)(2) of the Act, and under
section 12(d)(1)(J) of the Act for an exemption from sections
12(d)(1)(A) and 12(d)(1)(B) of the Act.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY OF APPLICATION: Applicants request an order that would permit
(a) certain open-end management investment companies and their series
to issue shares (``Shares'') that can be redeemed only in large
aggregations (``Creation Units''); (b) secondary market transactions in
Shares to occur at negotiated prices; (c) certain series to pay
redemption proceeds, under certain circumstances, more than seven days
after the tender of Shares for redemption; (d) certain affiliated
persons of the series to deposit securities into, and receive
securities from, the series in connection with the purchase and
redemption of Creation Units; and (e) certain registered management
investment companies and unit investment trusts outside of the same
group of investment companies as the series to acquire Shares.
APPLICANTS: Schwab Strategic Trust (``Trust'') and Charles Schwab
Investment Management, Inc. (``Adviser'').
FILING DATES: The application was filed on January 30, 2009, and
amended on June 30, 2009, and September 25, 2009.
HEARING OR NOTIFICATION OF HEARING: An order granting the application
will be issued unless the Commission orders a hearing. Interested
persons may request a hearing by writing to the Commission's Secretary
and serving applicants with a copy of the request, personally or by
mail. Hearing requests should be received by the Commission by 5:30
p.m. on October 22, 2009, and should be accompanied by proof of service
on applicants, in the form of an affidavit, or for lawyers, a
certificate of service. Hearing requests should state the nature of the
writer's interest, the reason for the request, and the issues
contested. Persons who wish to be notified of a hearing may request
notification by writing to the Commission's Secretary.
ADDRESSES: Secretary, Securities and Exchange Commission, 100 F Street,
NE., Washington, DC 20549-1090; Applicants, c/o Charles Schwab
Investment Management, Inc., 101 Montgomery Street, SF120 KNY-14-101,
San Francisco, CA 94104.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Emerson S. Davis, Sr., Senior Counsel
at (202) 551-6868, or Julia Kim Gilmer, Branch Chief, at (202) 551-6821
(Division of Investment Management, Office of Investment Company
Regulation).
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The following is a summary of the
application. The complete application may be obtained via the
Commission's Web site by searching for the file number, or an applicant
using the Company name box, at https://www.sec.gov/search/search.htm or
by calling (202) 551-8090.
Applicants' Representations
1. The Trust is registered as an open-end management investment
company that will offer multiple series and is organized as a Delaware
statutory trust. The Trust will initially offer Shares of eight series
(the ``Initial Funds'').\1\ Applicants request that the order apply to
any future series of the Trust or of other open-end management
companies, advised by the Adviser or an entity controlling, controlled
by or under common control with the Adviser, that comply with the terms
and conditions of this application whose performance will closely
correspond to the price and yield performance of securities indices
(collectively with the Initial Funds, the ``Funds'').\2\
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\1\ The Initial Funds are the: Schwab U.S. Broad Market ETF
TM, Schwab U.S. Large-Cap ETF TM, Schwab U.S.
Large-Cap Growth ETF TM, Schwab U.S. Large-Cap Value ETF
TM, Schwab U.S. Small-Cap ETF TM
(collectively, the ``Domestic Initial Funds''), Schwab International
Equity ETF TM, Schwab International Small-Cap Equity ETF
TM and Schwab Emerging Markets Equity ETF TM.
\2\ All entities that intend to rely on the order are named as
applicants. Any other entity that relies on the order in the future
will comply with the terms and conditions of the application. An
Investing Fund (as defined below) may rely on the order only to
invest in the Funds and not in any other registered investment
company.
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2. The Adviser or an entity controlling, controlled by or under
common control with the Adviser will serve as the investment adviser to
the Funds. The Adviser is registered as an investment adviser under the
Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the ``Advisers Act''). In
the future, the Adviser may enter into sub-advisory agreements with one
or more additional investment advisers to act as subadvisers to Funds
(``Subadvisers''). Any Subadviser will be registered under the Advisers
Act. A broker-dealer registered under the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 (the ``Exchange Act'') will act as distributor and the principal
underwriter of the Funds (a ``Distributor''). The Distributor will not
be affiliated with the Adviser or a national securities exchange as
defined in section 2(a)(26) of the Act (``Exchange'').
3. Each Fund will consist of a portfolio of securities and other
instruments (``Portfolio Securities'') selected to correspond to the
price and yield performance of a specified securities index (each
securities index is an ``Underlying Index'').\3\ Certain of the Funds
may invest in equity securities or fixed income securities traded in
foreign markets and seek investment results that closely correspond to
the price and yield performance of Underlying Indices whose component
securities include
[[Page 51198]]
such securities (``International Funds''). No entity that creates,
compiles, sponsors or maintains an Underlying Index (``Index
Provider'') is or will be an affiliated person, as defined in section
2(a)(3) of the Act, or an affiliated person of an affiliated person, of
the Trust or a Fund, a promoter, the Adviser, a Subadviser, or a
Distributor.\4\
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\3\ Applicants represent that each Fund will invest at least 80%
of its total assets in the component securities that comprise its
Underlying Index (``Component Securities'') and depositary receipts
representing such securities. ``Depositary Receipts'' will typically
be American Depositary Receipts, but may also include Global
Depositary Receipts and European Depositary Receipts. Each Fund also
may invest up to 20% of its assets in futures, options and swap
contracts, cash and cash equivalents, as well as in stocks not
included in its Underlying Index, but which the Adviser or
Subadviser believes will help the Fund track its Underlying Index.
\4\ The Index Providers to the Initial Funds are Dow Jones &
Company, the Financial Times Limited and the London Exchange plc.
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4. The investment objective of each Fund will be to provide
investment returns that closely correspond to the price and yield
performance of its Underlying Index.\5\ The value of an Underlying
Index will be updated at regular intervals throughout the trading day.
For Domestic Initial Funds, the Underlying Index value will be
disseminated every 15 seconds, and for International Funds the
underlying index value will be disseminated every 60 seconds throughout
the trading day. Each Fund's prospectus (``Prospectus'') will indicate
whether the Fund will follow a replication or representative sampling
strategy.\6\ A Fund using a replication strategy will invest in
substantially all of the securities comprising its Underlying Index in
the same approximate proportions as in the Underlying Index. In certain
circumstances, such as when there are practical difficulties or
substantial costs involved in compiling an entire Underlying Index or
when a Component Security of an Underlying Index is illiquid, a Fund
may use a representative sampling strategy pursuant to which it will
invest in some, but not all of the Component Securities of its
Underlying Index.\7\ Applicants expect that each Fund will have a
tracking error relative to the performance of its Underlying Index of
no more than 5 percent.
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\5\ The Underlying Indices for the Initial Funds are the: Dow
Jones U.S. Broad Stock Market Index \SM\, Dow Jones U.S. Large-Cap
Total Stock Market Index \SM\, Dow Jones U.S. Large-Cap Growth Total
Stock Market Index \SM\, Dow Jones U.S. Large-Cap Value Total Stock
Market Index \SM\, Dow Jones U.S. Small-Cap Total Stock Market Index
\SM\, FTSE Developed ex-US Index, FTSE Developed Small Cap ex-US
Liquid Index and FTSE All-Emerging Index.
\6\ All representations and conditions contained in the
application that require a Fund to disclose particular information
in the Fund's Prospectus and/or annual report shall be effective
with respect to the Fund until the time that the Fund complies with
the disclosure requirements adopted by the Commission in Investment
Company Act Release No. 28584 (Jan. 13, 2009).
\7\ Using the sampling strategy, the Adviser or Subadviser will
select each security for inclusion in the Fund's portfolio to have
aggregate investment characteristics, fundamental characteristics,
and liquidity measures similar to those of the Fund's Underlying
Index, taken in its entirety.
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5. The initial price of Shares is expected to range between $25 and
$100, and the initial price of Creation Units is expected to range from
$625,000 to $10,000,000. Creation Units will be aggregations of least
25,000 Shares. Orders to purchase Creation Units must be placed with
the Distributor, by or through a party that has entered into an
agreement with the Distributor (``Authorized Participant''). The
Distributor will be responsible for transmitting the orders to the
Funds. An Authorized Participant must be either: (a) A broker-dealer or
other participant in the continuous net settlement system of the
National Securities Clearing Corporation, a clearing agency registered
with the Commission, or (b) a participant in the Depository Trust
Company (``DTC,'' and such participant, ``DTC Participant''). Shares of
each Fund generally will be sold in Creation Units in exchange for an
in-kind deposit by the purchaser of a portfolio of securities
designated by the Adviser (the ``Deposit Securities''), together with
the deposit or refund of a specified cash payment (``Cash Component'').
The Cash Component is an amount equal to the difference between, if
any, (a) the net asset value (``NAV'') (per Creation Unit) of a Fund
and (b) the market value (per Creation Unit) of the Deposit
Securities.\8\ Each Fund may permit or require, under certain
circumstances, an in-kind purchaser of Creation Units to substitute
cash in lieu of depositing some or all of the Deposit Securities if the
Adviser believes such method would substantially minimize the Fund's
transactional costs or would enhance the Fund's operational
efficiencies.\9\
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\8\ Each Fund will sell and redeem Creation Units on each day
that a Fund is open, which includes any day that a Fund is required
to be open under Section 22(e) of the Act (``Business Day''). Each
Business Day, prior to the opening of trading on the Exchange, the
list of names and amount of each security constituting the current
Deposit Securities and the Cash Component will be made available.
Any Exchange on which Shares are listed will disseminate, every 15
seconds during its regular trading hours, through the facilities of
the Consolidated Tape Association an amount representing, on a per
Share basis, the sum of the current value of the Deposit Securities
and the estimated Cash Component.
\9\ When a rebalancing of a Fund's portfolio is required, the
Adviser might prefer to receive cash rather than in-kind stocks so
that the Fund may avoid transaction costs involved in liquidating
part of its portfolio to achieve the rebalancing. Additionally, in
some circumstances or in certain countries, it may not be
practicable or convenient, or permissible under the laws of certain
countries or the regulations of certain foreign stock exchanges for
an International Fund to operate exclusively on an in-kind basis.
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6. An investor purchasing or redeeming a Creation Unit from a Fund
will be charged a fee (``Transaction Fee'') to prevent the dilution of
the interests of the remaining shareholders resulting from costs in
connection with the purchase or redemption of Creation Units.\10\ The
Transaction Fees relevant to each Fund and the method of calculating
these Transaction Fees, which will be the same for purchase and
redemption transactions, will be fully disclosed in the Prospectus of
such Fund or statement of additional information (``SAI''). The
Distributor will be responsible for delivering the Fund's Prospectus to
those persons purchasing Creation Units and for maintaining records of
both the orders placed with it and the confirmations of acceptance
furnished by it. In addition, the Distributor will maintain a record of
the instructions given to the applicable Fund to implement the delivery
of its Shares.
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\10\ Where a Fund permits an in-kind purchaser to substitute
cash in lieu of depositing a portion of the Deposit Securities, the
purchaser may be assessed a higher Transaction Fee to cover the cost
of purchasing those securities including operational processing and
brokerage costs, and part or all of the spread between the bid and
the offer side of the market.
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7. Purchasers of Shares in Creation Units may hold such Shares or
may sell such Shares into the secondary market. Shares will be listed
and traded on an Exchange. It is expected that one or more member firms
of an Exchange on which the Shares are listed will be designated to act
as a specialist or a market maker and maintain a market for Shares
trading on such Exchange. Prices of Shares trading on an Exchange will
be based on the current bid/ask market. Shares sold in the secondary
market will be subject to customary brokerage commissions and charges.
8. Applicants expect that purchasers of Creation Units will include
institutional investors and arbitrageurs. A specialist or market maker,
in providing a fair and orderly secondary market for the Shares, also
may purchase Creation Units for use in its market-making activities.
Applicants expect that secondary market purchasers of Shares will
include both institutional investors and retail investors.\11\
Applicants expect that the price at which Shares trade will be
disciplined by arbitrage opportunities created by the option to
continually purchase or redeem Creation Units at their NAV, which
should ensure that Shares will not trade at a material
[[Page 51199]]
discount or premium in relation to their NAV.
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\11\ Shares will be registered in book-entry form only. DTC or
its nominee will be the registered owner of all outstanding Shares.
DTC or DTC Participants will maintain records reflecting beneficial
owners of Shares.
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9. Shares will not be individually redeemable, and owners of Shares
may acquire those Shares from the Fund, or tender such Shares for
redemption to the Fund, in Creation Units only. To redeem, an investor
will have to accumulate enough Shares to constitute a Creation Unit.
Redemption orders must be placed by or through an Authorized
Participant. An investor redeeming a Creation Unit generally will
receive (a) a particular portfolio of securities designated to be
delivered for Creation Unit redemptions (``Fund Securities'') on the
Business Day that the request for redemption is submitted \12\ and (b)
a ``Cash Redemption Amount,'' consisting of an amount equal to the
difference between the NAV of the Shares being redeemed and the market
value of the Fund Securities. An investor may receive the cash
equivalent of a Fund Security in certain circumstances, such as if the
investor is constrained from effecting transactions in the security by
regulation or policy.
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\12\ As a general matter, the Deposit Securities and Fund
Securities will correspond pro rata to a Fund's portfolio, but Fund
Securities received on redemption may not always be identical to
Deposit Securities deposited in connection with the purchase of
Creation Units for the same day. A Fund will comply with the federal
securities laws in accepting Deposit Securities and satisfying
redemptions with Fund Securities, including that the Deposit
Securities and Fund Securities are sold in transactions that would
be exempt from registration under the Securities Act.
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10. Neither the Trust nor any Fund will be marketed or otherwise
held out as a traditional open-end investment company or a mutual fund.
Instead, each Fund will be marketed as an ``exchange-traded fund.'' All
marketing materials that describe the features or method of obtaining,
buying or selling Creation Units or refer to redeemability, will
prominently disclose that Shares are not individually redeemable and
that the owners of Shares may purchase or redeem Shares from the Fund
in Creation Units only. The same approach will be followed in the
Prospectus, SAI, shareholder reports and any marketing or advertising
materials. The Funds will provide copies of their annual and semi-
annual shareholder reports to DTC Participants for distribution to
shareholders.
Applicants' Legal Analysis
1. Applicants request an order under section 6(c) of the Act for an
exemption from sections 2(a)(32), 5(a)(1), 22(d), and 22(e) of the Act
and rule 22c-1 under the Act, under sections 6(c) and 17(b) of the Act
for an exemption from sections 17(a)(1) and 17(a)(2) of the Act, and
under section 12(d)(1)(J) of the Act for an exemption from sections
12(d)(1)(A) and (B) of the Act.
2. Section 6(c) of the Act provides that the Commission may exempt
any person, security or transaction, or any class of persons,
securities or transactions, from any provision of the Act, if and to
the extent that such exemption is necessary or appropriate in the
public interest and consistent with the protection of investors and the
purposes fairly intended by the policy and provisions of the Act.
Section 17(b) of the Act authorizes the Commission to exempt a proposed
transaction from section 17(a) of the Act if evidence establishes that
the terms of the transaction, including the consideration to be paid or
received, are reasonable and fair and do not involve overreaching on
the part of any person concerned, and the proposed transaction is
consistent with the policies of the registered investment company and
the general provisions of the Act. Section 12(d)(1)(J) of the Act
provides that the Commission may exempt any person, security, or
transaction, or any class or classes of persons, securities or
transactions, from any provisions of section 12(d)(1) if the exemption
is consistent with the public interest and the protection of investors.
Sections 5(a)(1) and 2(a)(32) of the Act
3. Section 5(a)(1) of the Act defines an ``open-end company'' as a
management investment company that is offering for sale or has
outstanding any redeemable security of which it is the issuer. Section
2(a)(32) of the Act defines a redeemable security as any security,
other than short-term paper, under the terms of which the owner, upon
its presentation to the issuer, is entitled to receive approximately
his proportionate share of the issuer's current net assets, or the cash
equivalent. Because Shares will not be individually redeemable,
applicants request an order that would permit the Trust or a Fund to
register as an open-end management investment company and issue Shares
that are redeemable in Creation Units only. Applicants state that
investors may purchase Shares in Creation Units and redeem Creation
Units from each Fund. Applicants state that because Creation Units may
always be purchased and redeemed at NAV, the market price of the Shares
should not vary substantially from their NAV.
Section 22(d) of the Act and Rule 22c-1 Under the Act
4. Section 22(d) of the Act, among other things, prohibits a dealer
from selling a redeemable security, which is currently being offered to
the public by or through a principal underwriter, except at a current
public offering price described in the prospectus. Rule 22c-1 under the
Act generally requires that a dealer selling, redeeming or repurchasing
a redeemable security do so only at a price based on its NAV.
Applicants state that secondary market trading in Shares will take
place at negotiated prices, not at a current offering price described
in a Fund's Prospectus, and not at a price based on NAV. Thus,
purchases and sales of Shares in the secondary market will not comply
with section 22(d) of the Act and rule 22c-1 under the Act. Applicants
request an exemption under section 6(c) from these provisions.
5. Applicants assert that the concerns sought to be addressed by
section 22(d) of the Act and rule 22c-1 under the Act with respect to
pricing are equally satisfied by the proposed method of pricing Shares.
Applicants maintain that while there is little legislative history
regarding section 22(d), its provisions, as well as those of rule 22c-
1, appear to have been designed to (a) prevent dilution caused by
certain riskless-trading schemes by principal underwriters and contract
dealers, (b) prevent unjust discrimination or preferential treatment
among buyers, and (c) assure an orderly distribution of investment
company shares by eliminating price competition from dealers offering
shares at less than the published sales price and repurchasing shares
at more than the published redemption price.
6. Applicants believe that none of these purposes will be thwarted
by permitting Shares to trade in the secondary market at negotiated
prices. Applicants state that (a) secondary market trading in Shares
does not involve a Fund as a party and will not result in dilution of
an investment in Shares, and (b) to the extent different prices exist
during a given trading day, or from day to day, such variances occur as
a result of third-party market forces, such as supply and demand.
Therefore, applicants assert that secondary market transactions in
Shares will not lead to discrimination or preferential treatment among
purchasers. Finally, applicants contend that the proposed distribution
system will be orderly because arbitrage activity should ensure that
the difference between the market price of Shares and their NAV remains
narrow.
Section 22(e)
7. Section 22(e) of the Act generally prohibits a registered
investment company from suspending the right of
[[Page 51200]]
redemption or postponing the date of payment of redemption proceeds for
more than seven days after the tender of a security for redemption.
Applicants state that settlement of redemptions of Creation Units of
the International Funds is contingent not only on the settlement cycle
of the United States securities markets, but also on the delivery
cycles present in foreign markets for underlying foreign Portfolio
Securities held by the International Funds. Applicants state that in
certain circumstances delivery cycles for transferring Fund Securities
to redeeming investors, coupled with local market holiday schedules,
will require a delivery process of up to twelve calendar days for
certain International Funds. Applicants request relief under section
6(c) of the Act from section 22(e) to allow the International Funds to
pay redemption proceeds up to twelve calendar days after a redemption
request is received and in proper form. Except as disclosed in the
relevant International Fund's Prospectus and/or SAI, applicants expect
that each International Fund will be able to deliver redemption
proceeds within seven days.\13\
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\13\ Rule 15c6-1 under the Exchange Act requires that most
securities transactions be settled within three business days of the
trade. Applicants acknowledge that no relief obtained from the
requirements of Section 22(e) will affect any obligations applicants
may have under Rule 15c6-1.
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8. Applicants state that section 22(e) was designed to prevent
unreasonable, undisclosed and unforeseen delays in the payment of
redemption proceeds. Applicants assert that the requested relief will
not lead to the problems that section 22(e) was designed to prevent.
Applicants state that the SAI will disclose those local holidays in a
given year that are expected to prevent the delivery of redemption
proceeds in seven calendar days, and the maximum number of days, up to
twelve calendar days, needed to deliver the proceeds for the relevant
International Fund. Applicants are not seeking relief from section
22(e) with respect to International Funds that do not effect
redemptions of Creation Units in-kind.
Section 12(d)(1)
9. Section 12(d)(1)(A) of the Act, in relevant part, prohibits a
registered investment company from acquiring securities of an
investment company if such securities represent more than 3% of the
total outstanding voting stock of the acquired company, more than 5% of
the total assets of the acquiring company, or, together with the
securities of any other investment companies, more than 10% of the
total assets of the acquiring company. Section 12(d)(1)(B) of the Act
prohibits a registered open-end investment company, its principal
underwriter and any other broker-dealer from selling the investment
company's shares to another investment company if the sale will cause
the acquiring company to own more than 3% of the acquired company's
voting stock, or if the sale will cause more than 10% of the acquired
company's voting stock to be owned by investment companies generally.
10. Applicants request an exemption to permit management investment
companies and unit investment trusts registered under the Act that are
not sponsored or advised by the Adviser or any entity controlling,
controlled by, or under common control with the Adviser and are not
part of the same ``group of investment companies,'' as defined in
section 12(d)(1)(G)(ii) of the Act, as the Funds and that have entered
into a participation agreement with a Fund (such agreement, a ``FOF
Participation Agreement,'' such management investment companies, the
``Investing Management Companies,'' such unit investment trusts, the
``Investing Trusts,'' and the Investing Trusts, together with the
Investing Management Companies, the ``Investing Funds'') to acquire
shares of a Fund beyond the limits of section 12(d)(1)(A). Investing
Funds do not include the Funds. In addition, applicants seek relief to
permit the Funds, the Distributor and any other broker or dealer that
is registered under the Exchange Act to sell Shares to an Investing
Fund in excess of the limits of section 12(d)(1)(B).
11. Each Investing Management Company will be advised by an
investment adviser within the meaning of section 2(a)(20)(A) of the Act
(the ``Investing Fund Adviser'') and may be subadvised by one or more
investment advisers within the meaning of section 2(a)(20)(B) of the
Act (each an ``Investing Fund Subadviser''). Each Investing Fund
Adviser and any Investing Fund Subadviser will be registered under the
Advisers Act. Each Investing Trust will be sponsored by a sponsor
(``Sponsor'').
12. Applicants submit that the proposed conditions to the requested
relief adequately address the concerns underlying the limits in
sections 12(d)(1)(A) and (B), which include concerns about undue
influence by a fund of funds over underlying funds, excessive layering
of fees and overly complex fund structures. Applicants believe that the
requested exemption is consistent with the public interest and the
protection of investors.
13. Applicants believe that neither the Investing Funds nor an
Investing Fund Affiliate would be able to exert undue influence over
the Funds.\14\ To limit the control that an Investing Fund may have
over a Fund, applicants propose a condition prohibiting an Investing
Fund Adviser or a Sponsor, any person controlling, controlled by, or
under common control with an Investing Fund Adviser or Sponsor, and any
investment company and any issuer that would be an investment company
but for sections 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) of the Act that is advised or
sponsored by an Investing Fund Adviser or Sponsor, or any person
controlling, controlled by, or under common control with an Investing
Fund Adviser or Sponsor (``Investing Fund's Advisory Group'') from
controlling (individually or in the aggregate) a Fund within the
meaning of section 2(a)(9) of the Act. The same prohibition would apply
to any Investing Fund Subadviser, any person controlling, controlled
by, or under common control with the Investing Fund Subadviser, and any
investment company or issuer that would be an investment company but
for sections 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) of the Act (or portion of such
investment company or issuer) advised or sponsored by the Investing
Fund Subadviser or any person controlling, controlled by, or under
common control with the Investing Fund Subadviser (``Investing Fund's
Subadvisory Group''). Applicants propose other conditions to limit the
potential for undue influence over the Funds, including that no
Investing Fund or Investing Fund Affiliate (except to the extent it is
acting in its capacity as an investment adviser to a Fund) will cause a
Fund to purchase a security in any offering of securities during the
existence of any underwriting or selling syndicate of which a principal
underwriter is an Underwriting Affiliate (``Affiliated Underwriting'').
An ``Underwriting Affiliate'' is a principal underwriter in any
underwriting or selling syndicate that is an officer, director, member
of an advisory board, Investing Fund Adviser, Investing Fund
Subadviser, employee or Sponsor of the Investing Fund, or a person of
which any such officer, director, member of an advisory board,
[[Page 51201]]
Investing Fund Adviser, Investing Fund Subadviser, employee, or Sponsor
is an affiliated person (except that any person whose relationship to
the Fund is covered by section 10(f) of the Act is not an Underwriting
Affiliate).
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\14\ An ``Investing Fund Affiliate'' is an Investing Fund
Adviser, Investing Fund Subadviser, Sponsor, promoter, and principal
underwriter of an Investing Fund, and any person controlling,
controlled by, or under common control with any of these entities. A
``Fund Affiliate'' is an investment adviser, promoter, or principal
underwriter of a Fund and any person controlling, controlled by or
under common control with any of these entities.
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14. Applicants assert that several proposed conditions address any
concerns regarding excessive layering of fees. The board of directors
or trustees of any Investing Management Company, including a majority
of the directors or trustees who are not ``interested persons'' within
the meaning of section 2(a)(19) of the Act (``independent directors or
trustees''), will be required to find that the advisory fees charged to
the Investing Management Company are based on services provided that
will be in addition to, rather than duplicative of, services provided
under the advisory contract(s) of any Fund in which the Investing
Management Company may invest. In addition, except as provided in
condition B.5, an Investing Fund Adviser or a trustee of an Investing
Fund (``Trustee'') or Sponsor of an Investing Trust will, as
applicable, waive fees otherwise payable to it by the Investing Fund in
an amount at least equal to any compensation (including fees received
pursuant to any plan adopted by a Fund under rule 12b-1 under the Act)
received by the Investing Fund Adviser or Trustee or Sponsor or an
affiliated person of the Investing Fund Adviser, Trustee or Sponsor,
from the Fund in connection with the investment by the Investing Fund
in the Fund. Applicants state that any sales loads or service fees
charged with respect to shares of an Investing Fund will not exceed the
limits applicable to a fund of funds set forth in Conduct Rule 2830 of
the National Association of Securities Dealers (``NASD'').\15\
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\15\ Any references to NASD Conduct Rule 2830 include any
successor or replacement Rule to NASD Conduct Rule 2830 that may be
adopted by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority.
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15. Applicants submit that the proposed arrangement will not create
an overly complex fund structure. Applicants note that no Fund will
acquire securities of any investment company or company relying on
sections 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) of the Act in excess of the limits
contained in section 12(d)(1)(A) of the Act. To ensure that Investing
Funds comply with the terms and conditions of the requested relief from
section 12(d)(1), any Investing Fund that intends to invest in a Fund
in reliance on the requested order will enter into a FOF Participation
Agreement requiring the Investing Fund to adhere to the terms and
conditions of the requested order. The FOF Participation Agreement also
will include an acknowledgement from the Investing Fund that it may
rely on the requested order only to invest in the Funds and not in any
other investment company.
16. Applicants also note that a Fund may choose to reject a direct
purchase of in Creation Units by an Investing Fund. To the extent that
an Investing Fund purchases Shares in the secondary market, a Fund
would still retain its ability to reject initial purchases of Shares
made in reliance on the requested order by declining to enter into the
FOF Participation Agreement prior to any investment by an Investing
Fund in excess of the limits of section 12(d)(1)(A).
Sections 17(a)(1) and (2) of the Act
17. Section 17(a) of the Act generally prohibits an affiliated
person of a registered investment company, or an affiliated person of
such a person (``Second-Tier Affiliate''), from selling any security to
or purchasing any security from the company. Section 2(a)(3) of the Act
defines ``affiliated person'' to include (a) any person directly or
indirectly owning, controlling or holding with power to vote 5% or more
of the outstanding voting securities of the other person, (b) any
person 5% or more of whose outstanding voting securities are directly
or indirectly owned, controlled or held with the power to vote by the
other person, and (c) any person directly or indirectly controlling,
controlled by or under common control with the other person. Section
2(a)(9) of the Act provides that a control relationship will be
presumed where one person owns more than 25% of another person's voting
securities.
18. Applicants request an exemption from section 17(a) of the Act
pursuant to sections 17(b) and 6(c) of the Act in order to permit in-
kind purchases and redemptions of Creation Units from the Funds by
persons that are affiliated persons of the Fund or Second-Tier
Affiliates solely by virtue of one or more of the following: (a)
Holding 5% or more, or in excess of 25%, of the outstanding Shares of
the Trust or one or more Funds; (b) having an affiliation with a person
with an ownership interest described in (a); or (c) holding 5% or more,
or more than 25%, of the shares of one or more other registered
investment companies (or series thereof) advised by the Adviser or an
entity controlling, controlled by or under common control with Adviser.
19. Applicants assert that no useful purpose would be served by
prohibiting these types of affiliated persons from purchasing or
redeeming Creation Units through ``in-kind'' transactions. The
composition of the basket of securities and cash for both in-kind
purchases and in-kind redemptions of Creation Units will be the same
for all purchasers and redeemers. Deposit Securities and Fund
Securities will be valued in the same manner as Portfolio Securities.
Therefore, applicants state that in-kind purchases and redemptions will
afford no opportunity for the specified affiliated persons, or Second-
Tier Affiliates, of a Fund to effect a transaction detrimental to other
holders of Shares. Applicants also believe that in-kind purchases and
redemptions will not result in self-dealing or overreaching of the
Fund.
20. Applicants also seek relief from section 17(a) to permit a Fund
that is an affiliated person of an Investing Fund to sell its Shares to
and redeem its Shares from an Investing Fund, and to engage in the
accompanying in-kind transactions with the Investing Fund.\16\
Applicants state that the terms of the transactions are fair and
reasonable and do not involve overreaching. Applicants note that any
consideration paid by an Investing Fund for the purchase or redemption
of Shares directly from a Fund will be based on the NAV of the
Shares.\17\ Applicants believe that any proposed transactions directly
between the Funds and Investing Funds will be consistent with the
policies of each Investing Fund. The proposed transactions will comply
with the investment restrictions of the Investing Fund and be
consistent with its investment policies as set forth in its
registration statement. The FOF Participation Agreement will require
any Investing Fund that relies on the relief to purchase Shares
directly from a Fund to represent that its purchases are permitted
under its investment restrictions and consistent with the investment
policies described in its registration statement.
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\16\ Applicants acknowledge that the receipt of compensation by
(a) an affiliated person of an Investing Fund, or an affiliated
person of such person, for the purchase by the Investing Fund of
Shares of a Fund or (b) an affiliated person of a Fund, or an
affiliated person of such person, for the sale by the Fund of its
Shares to an Investing Fund, may be prohibited by Section 17(e)(1)
of the Act. The FOF Participation Agreement also will include this
acknowledgment.
\17\ Applicants believe that an Investing Fund generally will
purchase Shares in the secondary market and will not purchase or
redeem Creation Units directly from a Fund. However, the requested
relief would apply to direct sales of Creation Units by a Fund to an
Investing Fund and in-kind redemptions of those Shares.
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[[Page 51202]]
Applicants' Conditions
Applicants agree that any order granting the requested relief will
be subject to the following conditions: \18\
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\18\ See note 6, supra.
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A. Exchange-Traded Fund Relief
1. Each Prospectus will clearly disclose that, for purposes of the
Act, Shares are issued by a registered investment company and that the
acquisition of Shares by investment companies and companies relying on
sections 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) of the Act is subject to the restrictions
of section 12(d)(1) of the Act, except as permitted by an exemptive
order that permits registered investment companies to invest in a Fund
beyond the limits in section 12(d)(1), subject to certain terms and
conditions, including that the registered investment company enter into
a FOF Participation Agreement with the Fund regarding the terms of the
investment.
2. As long as the Funds operate in reliance on the requested order,
the Shares of the Funds will be listed on an Exchange.
3. Neither the Trust nor any Fund will be advertised or marketed as
an open-end investment company or a mutual fund. Each Prospectus will
prominently disclose that the Shares are not individually redeemable
shares and will disclose that the owners of the Shares may acquire
those Shares from the Fund and tender those Shares for redemption to
the Fund in Creation Units only. Any advertising material that
describes the purchase or sale of Creation Units or refers to
redeemability will prominently disclose that the Shares are not
individually redeemable and that owners of the Shares may acquire those
Shares from the Fund and tender those Shares for redemption to the Fund
in Creation Units only.
4. The Web site for the Funds, which is and will be publicly
accessible at no charge, will contain the following information, on a
per Share basis, for each Fund: (a) the prior Business Day's NAV and
the Bid/Ask Price, and a calculation of the premium or discount of the
Bid/Ask Price against such NAV; and (b) data in chart format displaying
the frequency distribution of discounts and premiums of the daily Bid/
Ask Price against the NAV, within appropriate ranges, for each of the
four previous calendar quarters (or for the life of the Fund, if
shorter).
5. The Prospectus and annual report for each Fund will also
include: (a) the information listed in condition A.4(b), (i) in the
case of the Prospectus, for the most recently completed year (and the
most recently completed quarter or quarters, as applicable) and (ii) in
the case of the annual report, for the immediately preceding five years
(or for the life of the Fund, if shorter), and (b) calculated on a per
Share basis for one, five and ten year periods (or life of the Fund),
(i) the cumulative total return and the average annual total return
based on NAV and Bid/Ask Price, and (ii) the cumulative total return of
the relevant Underlying Index.
6. The requested relief to permit ETF operations will expire on the
effective date of any Commission rule under the Act that provides
relief permitting the operation of index-based exchange-traded funds.
B. Section 12(d)(1) Relief
1. The members of the Investing Fund's Advisory Group will not
control (individually or in the aggregate) a Fund within the meaning of
section 2(a)(9) of the Act. The members of the Investing Fund's
Subadvisory Group will not control (individually or in the aggregate) a
Fund within the meaning of section 2(a)(9) of the Act. If, as a result
of a decrease in the outstanding Shares of a Fund, the Investing Fund's
Advisory Group or the Investing Fund's Subadvisory Group, each in the
aggregate, becomes a holder of more than 25 percent of the outstanding
Shares of a Fund, it will vote its Shares of the Fund in the same
proportion as the vote of all other holders of the Fund's Shares. This
condition does not apply to the Investing Fund's Subadvisory Group with
respect to a Fund for which the Investing Fund Subadviser or a person
controlling, controlled by or under common control with the Investing
Fund Subadviser acts as the investment adviser within the meaning of
section 2(a)(20)(A) of the Act.
2. No Investing Fund or Investing Fund Affiliate will cause any
existing or potential investment by the Investing Fund in a Fund to
influence the terms of any services or transactions between the
Investing Fund or an Investing Fund Affiliate and the Fund or a Fund
Affiliate.
3. The board of directors or trustees of an Investing Management
Company, including a majority of the independent directors or trustees,
will adopt procedures reasonably designed to assure that the Investing
Fund Adviser and any Investing Fund Subadviser are conducting the
investment program of the Investing Management Company without taking
into account any consideration received by the Investing Management
Company or an Investing Fund Affiliate from a Fund or a Fund Affiliate
in connection with any services or transactions.
4. Once an investment by an Investing Fund in Fund Shares exceeds
the limit in section l2(d)(1)(A)(i) of the Act, the Board of a Fund,
including a majority of the independent Board members, will determine
that any consideration paid by the Fund to the Investing Fund or an
Investing Fund Affiliate in connection with any services or
transactions: (i) Is fair and reasonable in relation to the nature and
quality of the services and benefits received by the Fund; (ii) is
within the range of consideration that the Fund would be required to
pay to another unaffiliated entity in connection with the same services
or transactions; and (iii) does not involve overreaching on the part of
any person concerned. This condition does not apply with respect to any
services or transactions between a Fund and its investment adviser(s),
or any person controlling, controlled by or under common control with
such investment adviser(s).
5. The Investing Fund Adviser, or Trustee or Sponsor, as
applicable, will waive fees otherwise payable to it by the Investing
Fund in an amount at least equal to any compensation (including fees
received pursuant to any plan adopted by a Fund under rule 12b-l under
the Act) received from a Fund by the Investing Fund Adviser, or Trustee
or Sponsor, or an affiliated person of the Investing Fund Adviser, or
Trustee or Sponsor, other than any advisory fees paid to the Investing
Fund Adviser, or Trustee or Sponsor, or its affiliated person by the
Fund, in connection with the investment by the Investing Fund in the
Fund. Any Investing Fund Subadviser will waive fees otherwise payable
to the Investing Fund Subadviser, directly or indirectly, by the
Investing Management Company in an amount at least equal to any
compensation received from a Fund by the Investing Fund Subadviser, or
an affiliated person of the Investing Fund Subadviser, other than any
advisory fees paid to the Investing Fund Subadviser or its affiliated
person by the Fund, in connection with the investment by the Investing
Management Company in the Fund made at the direction of the Investing
Fund Subadviser. In the event that the Investing Fund Subadviser waives
fees, the benefit of the waiver will be passed through to the Investing
Management Company.
6. No Investing Fund or Investing Fund Affiliate (except to the
extent it is acting in its capacity as an investment adviser to a Fund)
will cause a Fund to purchase a security in an Affiliated Underwriting.
[[Page 51203]]
7. The Board of the Fund, including a majority of the independent
Board members, will adopt procedures reasonably designed to monitor any
purchases of securities by the Fund in an Affiliated Underwriting, once
an investment by an Investing Fund in Fund Shares exceeds the limit of
section 12(d)(1)(A)(i) of the Act, including any purchases made
directly from an Underwriting Affiliate. The Board will review these
purchases periodically, but no less frequently than annually, to
determine whether the purchases were influenced by the investment by
the Investing Fund in the Fund. The Board will consider, among other
things: (i) Whether the purchases were consistent with the investment
objectives and policies of the Fund; (ii) how the performance of
securities purchased in an Affiliated Underwriting compares to the
performance of comparable securities purchased during a comparable
period of time in underwritings other than Affiliated Underwritings or
to a benchmark such as a comparable market index; and (iii) whether the
amount of securities purchased by the Fund in Affiliated Underwritings
and the amount purchased directly from an Underwriting Affiliate have
changed significantly from prior years. The Board will take any
appropriate actions based on its review, including, if appropriate, the
institution of procedures designed to assure that purchases of
securities in Affiliated Underwritings are in the best interest of
shareholders of the Fund.
8. Each Fund will maintain and preserve permanently in an easily
accessible place a written copy of the procedures described in the
preceding condition, and any modifications to such procedures, and will
maintain and preserve for a period of not less than six years from the
end of the fiscal year in which any purchase in an Affiliated
Underwriting occurred, the first two years in an easily accessible
place, a written record of each purchase of securities in Affiliated
Underwritings once an investment by an Investing Fund in the securities
of the Fund exceeds the limit of section 12(d)(1)(A)(i) of the Act,
setting forth from whom the securities were acquired, the identity of
the underwriting syndicate's members, the terms of the purchase, and
the information or materials upon which the Board's determinations were
made.
9. Before investing in Fund Shares in excess of the limits in
section 12(d)(1)(A), an Investing Fund will execute a FOF Participation
Agreement with the Fund stating that their respective boards of
directors or trustees and their investment advisers, or Trustee and
Sponsor, as applicable, understand the terms and conditions of the
order, and agree to fulfill their responsibilities under the order. At
the time of its investment in Fund Shares in excess of the limit in
section 12(d)(1)(A)(i), an Investing Fund will notify the Fund of the
investment. At such time, the Investing Fund will also transmit to the
Fund a list of the names of each Investing Fund Affiliate and
Underwriting Affiliate. The Investing Fund will notify the Fund of any
changes to the list as soon as reasonably practicable after a change
occurs. The Fund and the Investing Fund will maintain and preserve a
copy of the order, the FOF Participation Agreement, and the list with
any updated information for the duration of the investment and for a
period of not less than six years thereafter, the first two years in an
easily accessible place.
10. Before approving any advisory contract under section 15 of the
Act, the board of directors or trustees of each Investing Management
Company, including a majority of the independent directors or trustees,
will find that the advisory fees charged under such contract are based
on services provided that will be in addition to, rather than
duplicative of, the services provided under the advisory contract(s) of
any Fund in which the Investing Management Company may invest. These
findings and their basis will be recorded fully in the minute books of
the appropriate Investing Management Company.
11. Any sales charges and/or service fees charged with respect to
shares of an Investing Fund will not exceed the limits applicable to a
fund of funds as set forth in Conduct Rule 2830 of the NASD.
12. No Fund will acquire securities of any investment company or
company relying on section 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) of the Act in excess of
the limits contained in section 12(d)(1)(A) of the Act.
For the Commission, by the Division of Investment Management,
pursuant to delegated authority.
Florence E. Harmon,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. E9-23891 Filed 10-2-09; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011-01-P