Self-Regulatory Organizations; Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc.; Order Approving Proposed Rule Change, as Modified by Amendment No. 2 Thereto, Relating to Private Placements of Securities Issued by Members, 12913-12918 [E9-6466]
Download as PDF
Federal Register / Vol. 74, No. 56 / Wednesday, March 25, 2009 / Notices
6. NUREG–1496, ‘‘Generic
Environmental Impact Statement in
Support of Rulemaking on Radiological
Criteria for License Termination of NRCLicensed Nuclear Facilities’’;
7. NUREG–1757, Consolidated
Decommissioning Guidance.
If you do not have access to ADAMS,
or if there are problems in accessing the
documents located in ADAMS, contact
the NRC Public Document Room (PDR)
Reference staff at 1–800–397–4209, 301–
415–4737, or by e-mail to pdr@nrc.gov.
These documents may also be viewed
electronically on the public computers
located at the NRC’s PDR, O 1 F21, One
White Flint North, 11555 Rockville
Pike, Rockville, MD 20852. The PDR
reproduction contractor will copy
documents for a fee.
The Board is comprised of the
following administrative judges:
Ronald M. Spritzer, Chair, Atomic
Safety and Licensing Board Panel,
U.S. Nuclear Regulatory
Commission, Washington, DC
20555–0001.
Michael F. Kennedy, Atomic Safety
and Licensing Board Panel, U.S.
Nuclear Regulatory Commission,
Washington, DC 20555–0001.
Randall J. Charbeneau, Atomic Safety
and Licensing Board Panel, U.S.
Nuclear Regulatory Commission,
Washington, DC 20555–0001.
All correspondence, documents, and
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accordance with the NRC E-Filing rule,
which the NRC promulgated in August
2007 (72 FR 49,139).
Dated at Lisle, Illinois, this 13th day of
March 2009.
For the Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
Christine A. Lipa,
Chief, Materials Control, ISFSI, and
Decommissioning Branch, Division of Nuclear
Materials Safety, Region III.
[FR Doc. E9–6399 Filed 3–24–09; 8:45 am]
Issued at Rockville, Maryland, this 19th
day of March 2009.
E. Roy Hawkens,
Chief Administrative Judge,Atomic Safety
and Licensing Board Panel.
[FR Doc. E9–6555 Filed 3–24–09; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 7590–01–P
BILLING CODE 7590–01–P
OVERSEAS PRIVATE INVESTMENT
CORPORATION
NUCLEAR REGULATORY
COMMISSION
April 7, 2009 Annual Public Hearing
[Docket No. 52–033–COL; ASLBP No. 09–
880–05–COL–BD01]
Detroit Edison Company;
Establishment of Atomic Safety and
Licensing Board
Pursuant to delegation by the
Commission dated December 29, 1972,
published in the Federal Register, 37 FR
28,710 (1972), and the Commission’s
regulations, see 10 CFR 2.104, 2.300,
2.303, 2.309, 2.311, 2.318, and 2.321,
notice is hereby given that an Atomic
Safety and Licensing Board (Board) is
being established to preside over the
following proceeding:
PWALKER on PROD1PC71 with NOTICES
Detroit Edison Company
(Fermi Nuclear Power Plant, Unit 3)
This proceeding concerns a Petition to
Intervene and Request for Hearing dated
March 9, 2009 from Beyond Nuclear, et
al., that was submitted in response to a
January 8, 2009 Notice of Hearing and
Opportunity to Petition for Leave to
Intervene on a Combined License for the
Fermi Nuclear Power Plant, Unit 3 (74
FR 836). The petitioners challenge the
application filed by Detroit Edison
Company pursuant to Subpart C of 10
CFR Part 52 for a combined license for
Fermi Nuclear Power Plant, Unit 3,
which would be located in Monroe
County, Michigan.
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01:23 Mar 25, 2009
Jkt 217001
Time and Date: Tuesday, April 7,
2009, 2 p.m.
Place: Offices of the Corporation,
Twelfth Floor Board Room, 1100 New
York Avenue, NW., Washington, DC.
Status: Hearing open to the Public at
2 p.m.
Purpose: Annual Public Hearing to
afford an opportunity for any person to
present views regarding the activities of
the Corporation.
Procedures:
Individuals wishing to make address
the hearing orally must provide advance
notice to OPIC’s Corporate Secretary no
later than 5 p.m., Thursday, April 2,
2009. The notice must include the
individual’s name, organization, address
and telephone number, and a concise
summary of the subject matter to be
presented.
Oral presentations may not exceed ten
(10) minutes. The time for individual
presentations may be reduced
proportionately, if necessary, to afford
all participants who have submitted a
timely request to participate an
opportunity to be heard.
Participants wishing to submit a
written statement for the record must
submit a copy of such statement to
OPIC’s Corporate Secretary no later than
5 p.m., Thursday, April 2, 2009. Such
statements must be typewritten, double-
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12913
spaced and may not exceed twenty-five
(25) pages.
Upon receipt of the required notice,
OPIC will prepare an agenda for the
hearing identifying speakers, setting
forth the subject on which each
participant will speak, and the time
allotted for each presentation. The
agenda will be available at the hearing.
A written summary of the hearing will
be compiled, and such summary will be
made available, upon written request to
OPIC’s Corporate Secretary, at the cost
of reproduction.
Contact Person for Information:
Information on the hearing may be
obtained from Connie M. Downs at (202)
336–8438, via facsimile at (202) 408–
0136, or via e-mail at
connie.downs@opic.gov.
Supplementary Information: OPIC is a
U.S. Government agency that provides,
on a commercial basis, political risk
insurance and financing in friendly
developing countries and emerging
democracies for environmentally sound
projects that confer positive
developmental benefits upon the project
country while creating employment in
the U.S. OPIC is required by section
231A(c) of the Foreign Assistance Act of
1961, as amended (the ‘‘Act’’) to hold at
least one public hearing each year.
Dated: March 20, 2009.
Connie M. Downs,
OPIC Corporate Secretary.
[FR Doc. E9–6582 Filed 3–24–09; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 3210–01–P
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
[Release No. 34–59599; File No. SR–FINRA–
2008–020]
Self-Regulatory Organizations;
Financial Industry Regulatory
Authority, Inc.; Order Approving
Proposed Rule Change, as Modified by
Amendment No. 2 Thereto, Relating to
Private Placements of Securities
Issued by Members
March 19, 2009.
I. Introduction
The Financial Industry Regulatory
Authority, Inc. (‘‘FINRA’’) (f/k/a
National Association of Securities
Dealers, Inc. (‘‘NASD’’)) filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission
(‘‘Commission’’ or ‘‘SEC’’) on September
11, 2008, and amended on January 7,
2009,1 pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of
1 Amendment No. 2 to SR–FINRA–2008–020.
This amendment replaced and superseded the
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Federal Register / Vol. 74, No. 56 / Wednesday, March 25, 2009 / Notices
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
(‘‘Exchange Act’’ or ‘‘Act’’) 2 and Rule
19b–4 thereunder,3 a proposal to adopt
new FINRA Rule 5122 (‘‘Rule’’) which
would prohibit FINRA members or
associated persons from offering or
selling any security in a ‘‘Member
Private Offerings’’ unless certain
conditions have been met. This proposal
was published for comment in the
Federal Register on January 26, 2009.4
The Commission received two
comments on the proposal.5 This order
approves this proposed rule change.
II. Description of the Proposed Rule
Change
FINRA proposed to adopt new FINRA
Rule 5122, which would require a
member that engages in a private
placement of unregistered securities
issued by the member or a control entity
to (1) disclose to investors in a private
placement memorandum, term sheet or
other offering document the intended
use of offering proceeds and the offering
expenses, (2) file such offering
document with FINRA, and (3) commit
that at least 85 percent of the offering
proceeds will be used for business
purposes, which shall not include
offering costs, discounts, commissions
and any other cash or non-cash sales
incentives.
PWALKER on PROD1PC71 with NOTICES
A. Background
FINRA proposed the Rule in response
to problems identified in connection
with private placements by members of
their own securities or those of a control
entity (referred to as ‘‘Member Private
Offerings’’ or ‘‘MPOs’’). In recent years,
FINRA has investigated and brought
numerous enforcement cases concerning
abuses in connection with MPOs.6
original filing submitted to the SEC on September
11, 2008. Amendment No. 1, which was filed on
December 22, 2008, was withdrawn on January 7,
2009.
2 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
3 17 CFR 240.19b–4.
4 Exchange Act Release No. 59262 (January 16,
2009), 74 FR 4487 (January 26, 2009) (SR–FINRA–
2008–020).
5 See letter from Neville Golvala for ChoiceTrade
dated February 7, 2009 (‘‘2009 ChoiceTrade letter’’)
and letter from Jack L. Hollander for the Investment
Program Association (‘‘IPA’’) dated February 17,
2009 (‘‘IPA letter’’).
6 Franklin Ross, Inc., NASD No. E072004001501
(settled April 2006), summarized in NASD Notice
Disciplinary Actions, p. 1 (May 2006); Capital
Growth Financial, LLC, NASD No. E072003099001
(settled February 2006), summarized in NASD
Notice Disciplinary Actions, p. 1 (April 2006); Craig
& Associates, NASD No. E3B2003026801 (settled
August 2005), summarized in NASD Notice
Disciplinary Actions, p. D6 (October 2005); Online
Brokerage Services, Inc., NASD No. C8A050021
(settled March 2005), summarized in NASD Notice
Disciplinary Actions, p. D5 (May 2005); IAR
Securities/Legend Merchant Group, NASD No.
C10030058 (settled July 2004), summarized in
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01:23 Mar 25, 2009
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Among the allegations in these cases
were that members failed to provide
written offering documents to investors
or provided offering documents that
contained misleading, incorrect, or
selective disclosure, such as omissions
and misrepresentations regarding selling
compensation and the use of offering
proceeds. In addition, as part of its
examination program, FINRA conducted
a non-public sweep of firms that had
engaged in MPOs and found widespread
problems. The MPO sweep revealed that
in some cases, offering proceeds were
used for individual bonuses, sales
contest awards, commissions in excess
of 20 percent, or other undisclosed
compensation.
Because MPOs are private
placements, they are not subject to
existing FINRA rules governing
underwriting terms and arrangements
and conflicts of interest by members in
public offerings.7 This proposed rule
change is intended to provide investor
protections for MPOs that are similar to
the protections provided by NASD Rule
2720 for public offerings by members.8
In response to concerns about MPOs,
FINRA issued Notice to Members 07–27
(‘‘NTM 07–27’’) in June 2007 to solicit
comment on a proposed new rule
regarding MPOs (then numbered
proposed NASD Rule 2721). FINRA
received sixteen comment letters in
response to NTM 07–27.9 These
NASD Notice Disciplinary Actions, p. D1 (July
2004); Shelman Securities Corp., NASD No.
C06030013 (settled December 2003), summarized in
NASD Notice Disciplinary Actions, p. D1 (February
2004); Neil Brooks, NASD No. C06030009 (settled
June 2003), summarized in NASD Press Release,
NASD Files Three Enforcement Actions for
Fraudulent Hedge Fund Offerings (August 18,
2003); Dep’t of Enforcement v. L.H. Ross & Co., Inc.,
Complaint No. CAF040056 (Hearing Panel decision
January 15, 2005); Dep’t of Enforcement v. Win
Capital Corp., Complaint No. CLI030013 (Hearing
Panel decision August 6, 2004). In addition to these
cases, FINRA has numerous ongoing investigations
involving MPOs.
7 FINRA Rule 5110 and NASD Rules 2720 and
2810 govern member participation in public
offerings of securities.
8 Members would remain subject to other FINRA
rules that govern a member’s participation in the
offer and sale of a security, including FINRA Rules
2010 and 2020 and NASD Rule 2310. Members also
are subject to the anti-fraud provisions of the
Federal securities laws, including Sections 10(b),
11, 12 and 17 of the Exchange Act.
9 The following is a list of persons and entities
submitting comment letters in response to NTM 07–
27: Letter from Timothy P. Selby for Alston & Bird
LLP dated July 20, 2007 (‘‘Alston & Bird letter’’),
letter from Keith F. Higgins for American Bar
Association (‘‘ABA’’) Committee on Federal
Regulation of Securities dated July 20, 2007 (‘‘ABA
letter’’), letter from Todd Anders dated July 13,
2007 (‘‘Anders letter’’), letter from Neville Golvala
for ChoiceTrade dated July 19, 2007 (‘‘2007
ChoiceTrade letter’’), letter from Stephen E. Roth,
et al of Sutherland, Asbill & Brennan, LLP for the
Committee of Annuity Insurers (‘‘CAI’’) dated July
20, 2007 (‘‘CAI letter’’), letter from Peter J
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comments were varied. Some of these
commenters expressed support for the
intent of the proposed rule but voiced
concerns about its breadth and scope,10
while others questioned the benefit or
necessity of the proposed rule.11 Most of
these comment letters also suggested
edits to the proposed rule.12 These
comments received in response to NTM
07–27, and changes to the Rule as
proposed as compared to the rule as it
appeared in NTM 07–27, are described
in more detail below in Sections II.B
through II.F.
B. Definitions
The proposed rule change states that
no member or associated person may
offer or sell any security in a MPO
unless certain conditions are met. The
proposed rule change defines a MPO as
‘‘a private placement of unregistered
securities issued by a member or control
entity.’’ The proposed rule further
defines two of the terms in the
definition of MPO, ‘‘private placement’’
and ‘‘control entity.’’ In response to one
comment received in response to NTM
07–27,13 FINRA defined the term
‘‘private placement’’ to be ‘‘a non-public
offering of securities conducted in
reliance on an available exemption from
registration under the Securities Act [of
1933].’’
Chepucavage for the International Association of
Small Broker-Dealers and Advisors (‘‘IASBDA’’)
dated July 20, 2007 (‘‘IASBDA letter’’), letter from
Alan Z. Engel for LEC Investment Corp. dated June
14, 2007 (‘‘LEC letter’’), letter from Daniel T.
McHugh for Lombard Securities Inc. dated July 20,
2007 (‘‘Lombard letter’’), letter from Dexter M.
Johnson for Mallon & Johnson, P.C. dated July 19,
2007 (‘‘Mallon & Johnson letter’’), letter from John
G. Gaine for Managed Funds Association (‘‘MFA’’)
dated July 20, 2007 (‘‘MFA letter’’), letter from
Curtis N. Sorrells for MGL Consulting Corp. dated
July 20, 2007 (‘‘MGL letter’’), letter from Thomas W.
Sexton for the National Futures Association
(‘‘NFA’’) dated July 20, 2007 (‘‘NFA letter’’), letter
from Michael S. Sackheim and David A. Form for
the New York City Bar Committee of Futures and
Derivatives Regulation Distribution Co. dated July
19, 2007 (‘‘PFG letter’’), letter from Mary Kuan for
Securities Industry and Financial Markets
Association (‘‘SIFMA’’) dated July 27, 2007
(‘‘SIFMA letter’’), and letter from Bill Keisler for
Stephens Inc. dated July 20, 2007 (‘‘Stephens
letter’’).
10 See MFA letter, CAI letter, and Alston & Bird
letter.
11 See Anders letter, Mallon & Johnson letter,
2007 ChoiceTrade letter, ABA letter, and SIFMA
letter. FINRA did not agree with SIFMA that the
potential for abuses in connection with private
offerings by non-members is a reason to abandon
the proposed rule change. The FINRA staff believed
that offerings by members raise unique conflicts
that require the protections of the proposed rule
change. FINRA also disagreed with SIFMA’s
contention that they do not have legal authority to
adopt the proposed rule change.
12 See Alston & Bird letter, ABA letter, LEC letter,
Mallon & Johnson letter, MFA letter, MGL letter,
PFG letter, and SIFMA letter.
13 See ABA letter and SIFMA letter.
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Federal Register / Vol. 74, No. 56 / Wednesday, March 25, 2009 / Notices
PWALKER on PROD1PC71 with NOTICES
The proposed rule change defines the
term ‘‘control entity’’ as ‘‘any entity that
controls or is under common control
with a member, or that is controlled by
a member or its associated persons.’’
The term ‘‘control’’ is defined as ‘‘a
beneficial interest, as defined in Rule
5130(i)(1), of more than 50 percent of
the outstanding voting securities of a
corporation, or the right to more than 50
percent of the distributable profits or
losses of a partnership or other noncorporate legal entity.’’ 14 The power to
direct the management or policies of a
corporation or partnership alone (e.g., a
general partner), absent meeting the
majority ownership or right to the
majority of profits, would not constitute
‘‘control’’ as defined in proposed FINRA
Rule 5122. For purposes of this
definition, FINRA clarified that entities
may calculate the percentage of control
using a ‘‘flow through’’ concept, by
looking through ownership levels to
calculate the total percentage of control.
For example, if broker-dealer ABC owns
50 percent of corporation DEF that in
turn holds a 60 percent interest in
corporation GHI, and ABC is engaged in
a private offering of GHI, ABC would
have a 30 percent interest in GHI (50
percent of 60 percent), and thus GHI
would not be considered a control entity
under this definition.
FINRA also reaffirmed, as stated in
NTM 07–27, that performance and
management fees earned by a general
partner would not be included in the
determination of partnership profit or
loss percentages. However, if such
performance and management fees are
subsequently re-invested in the
partnership, thereby increasing the
general partner’s ownership interest,
then such interests would be considered
in determining whether the partnership
is a control entity.
In response to several comments
received in response to NTM 07–27
advocating that the timing for
determining control take place at the
conclusion rather than the
commencement of an offering,15 FINRA
revised the definition of control to be
determined immediately after the
closing of an offering. The definition
also clarifies that, in the case of multiple
closings, control will be determined
immediately after each closing. If an
offering is intended to raise sufficient
funds such that the member would not
14 FINRA
added language regarding ‘‘other noncorporate legal entities’’ based on commenters’
suggestions to clarify that control would extend to
entities other than corporations or partnerships. See
ABA letter and SIFMA letter.
15 See Alston & Bird letter, ABA letter, LEC letter,
MFA letter, MGL letter, NYC Bar letter, and SIFMA
letter.
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01:23 Mar 25, 2009
Jkt 217001
12915
control the entity under the control
standard, but fails to raise sufficient
funds, the member must promptly come
into compliance with the Rule,
including providing the required
disclosures to investors and filings with
FINRA’s Corporate Financing
Department (‘‘Department’’).
laws to private placements if FINRA’s
expectation of what should be disclosed
differed from the expectations of the
SEC and the courts.19While FINRA
omitted these disclosures from the
proposed rule change, they specifically
requested comment on their decision to
exclude such disclosures.20
C. Disclosure Requirements
The proposed rule change would
require that a member provide a written
offering document to each prospective
investor in an MPO, whether accredited
or not, and that the offering document
disclose the intended use of offering
proceeds as well as offering expenses
and selling compensation.16 If the
offering has a private placement
memorandum or term sheet, then such
memorandum or term sheet must be
provided to each prospective investor
and must contain these disclosures. If
the offering does not have a private
placement memorandum or term sheet,
then the member must prepare an
offering document that discloses the
intended use of offering proceeds as
well as offering expenses and selling
compensation. FINRA clarified that the
Rule is not meant to require a particular
form of disclosure, however. To
emphasize this point, FINRA proposed
to issue Supplemental Material 5122.01,
which would note that nothing in the
Rule shall require a member to prepare
a private placement memorandum that
meets the additional requirements of
Rule 502 under the Securities Act of
1933 (‘‘Securities Act’’).
FINRA believed that every investor in
an MPO should receive basic
information concerning the offering.
FINRA also believed that none of the
disclosures required in the proposed
rule change would conflict with
requirements under Federal or State
securities laws.17
In response to comments received in
response to NTM 07–27,18 the proposed
rule change eliminates the previously
proposed requirements to disclose risk
factors and ‘‘any other information
necessary to ensure that required
information is not misleading.’’ One
commenter at the time was concerned
that requiring disclosure of these items
could lead to an inconsistent scheme of
regulation in interpreting the
application of the Federal securities
D. Filing Requirements
16 Given that FINRA is not imposing limits on
selling compensation as it does in other rules, they
did not believe it was necessary to provide a
detailed definition of ‘‘selling compensation’’ as
urged by SIFMA. FINRA believed that the term
‘‘selling compensation’’ for purposes of a disclosure
requirement is sufficiently clear.
17 See SIFMA letter.
18?????
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Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
The proposed rule change would
require that a member file a private
placement memorandum, term sheet, or
other offering document with the
Department at or prior to the first time
such document is provided to any
prospective investor. Any amendments
or exhibits to the offering document also
must be filed by the member with the
Department within ten days of being
provided to any investor or prospective
investor. The filing requirement is
intended to allow the Department to
identify those offering documents that
are deficient ‘‘on their face’’ from the
other requirements of the proposed rule
change. Notably, the filing requirement
in the proposed rule change differs from
that in Rule 5110 (Corporate Financing
Rule) in that the Department would not
review the offering and issue a ‘‘noobjections’’ letter before a member may
commence the offering.
FINRA affirmed, in response to
concerns raised in comment letters
received in response to NTM 07–27,21
that information filed with the
Department pursuant to proposed
FINRA Rule 5122 would be subject to
confidential treatment. FINRA included
a provision in the proposed rule change
explicitly clarifying this position.22
FINRA has stated that the Department
plans to develop a Web-based filing
system that would allow for the filing to
be deemed filed upon submission.23 In
addition, the proposed rule change
would not impose any additional
requirements regarding filing of
advertisements or sales materials, which
19 See
ABA letter.
Act Release No. 59262 (January 16,
2009), 74 FR 4487 (January 26, 2009).
21 See ABA letter, Mallon & Johnson letter, and
SIFMA letter.
22 See proposed 5122(d). This confidential
treatment provision is similar to that provided in
FINRA Rule 5110(b)(3).
23 As noted supra, and in NTM 07–27, neither
FINRA nor the Department would issue a ‘‘no
objections opinion’’ regarding any offering
document filed with the Department. However,
FINRA has stated that if it subsequently determined
that disclosures in the offering document appeared
to be incomplete, inaccurate or misleading, they
could make further inquiries. The filing
requirement also could facilitate the creation of a
confidential Department database on MPO activity
that would be used in connection with the member
examination process.
20 Exchange
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Federal Register / Vol. 74, No. 56 / Wednesday, March 25, 2009 / Notices
PWALKER on PROD1PC71 with NOTICES
would continue to be governed by
NASD Rule 2210.24
One commenter responding to NTM
07–27 suggested that a member’s filing
of Form D pursuant to Securities Act
Regulation D should provide sufficient
information to FINRA.25 FINRA staff
disagreed. For example, FINRA noted
that the information in Form D does not
include information on a wide variety of
expenses or applications of proceeds,
nor does Form D require that such
information is contained in the offering
documents.
E. Use of Offering Proceeds
Proposed Rule 5122(b)(3) would
require that each time an MPO is closed
at least 85 percent of the offering
proceeds raised be used for business
purposes, which would not include
offering costs, discounts, commissions,
or any other cash or non-cash sales
incentives. The use of offering proceeds
also must be consistent with the
disclosures to investors, as described
above. This requirement was created to
address the abuses where members or
control entities used substantial
amounts of offering proceeds for selling
compensation and related party
benefits, rather than business purposes.
The proposed rule change does not limit
the total amount of underwriting
compensation. Rather, under the
proposed rule change, offering and other
expenses of the MPO could exceed a
value greater than 15 percent of the
offering proceeds, but no more than 15
percent of the money raised from
investors in the private placement could
be used to pay these expenses. FINRA
noted that the 15 percent figure is
consistent with the limitation of offering
fees and expenses, including
compensation, in NASD Rule 2810 and
the North American Securities
Administrators Association guidelines
with respect to public offerings subject
to State regulation.
Some commenters responding to
NTM 07–27 expressed concern that the
85 percent limit was arbitrary or
unnecessary,26 and should be reduced
or eliminated to allow flexibility for
management in MPOs.27 FINRA
believed that when a member engages in
a private placement of its own securities
or those of a control entity, investors
should be assured that, at a minimum,
85 percent of the proceeds of the
offering are dedicated to business
purposes. FINRA recognized that
24 See
NYC Bar letter and SIFMA letter.
Mallon & Johnson letter.
26 See IASBDA letter, Mallon & Johnson letter,
ABA letter, and SIFMA letter.
27 See IASBDA letter, Mallon & Johnson letter,
and ABA letter.
25 See
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01:23 Mar 25, 2009
Jkt 217001
changing the business purpose or use of
proceeds in an offering may in some
instances benefit investors and
reminded members that the member
may change its use of proceeds,
provided it makes appropriate
disclosure to investors and files the
amended offering document with the
Department.
One commenter responding to NTM
07–27 requested that, when an issuer
plans a series of MPOs, the issuer
should be allowed to calculate the 85
percent limit at the end of the series.28
FINRA believed, however, that the limit
should apply to each MPO in order to
assure investors that at least 85 percent
of each offering in a series is dedicated
to the business purposes described in
that offering’s offering document. As a
result, FINRA clarified that the 85
percent limit applies to each MPO.
F. Proposed Exemptions
Proposed Rule 5122 would include a
number of exemptions for sales to
institutional purchasers because
FINRA’s findings did not reveal abuse
`
vis-a-vis such purchasers, who are
generally sophisticated and able to
conduct appropriate due diligence prior
to making an investment. Specifically,
the proposed Rule would exempt MPOs
sold solely to the following:
• Institutional accounts, as defined in
NASD Rule 3110(c)(4);
• Qualified purchasers, as defined in
Section 2(a)(51)(A) of the Investment
Company Act;
• Qualified institutional buyers, as
defined in Securities Act Rule 144A;
• Investment companies, as defined
in Section 3 of the Investment Company
Act;
• An entity composed exclusively of
qualified institutional buyers, as defined
in Securities Act Rule 144A; and
• Banks, as defined in Section 3(a)(2)
of the Securities Act.
In addition, the proposed rule change
excludes the following types of
offerings, which do not raise the
concerns identified in the sweep or
enforcement actions:
• Offerings of exempted securities, as
defined by Section 3(a)(12) of the
Exchange Act;
• Offerings made pursuant to
Securities Act Rule 144A or SEC
Regulation S;
• Offerings in which a member acts
primarily in a wholesaling capacity (i.e.,
it intends, as evidenced by a selling
agreement, to sell through its affiliate
broker-dealers, less than 20% of the
securities in the offering);
28 See
PO 00000
NYC Bar letter.
Frm 00083
Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
• Offerings of exempted securities
with short term maturities under
Section 3(a)(3) of the Securities Act;
• Offerings of subordinated loans
under Exchange Act Rule 15c3–1,
Appendix D;29
• Offerings of ‘‘variable contracts,’’ as
defined in NASD Rule 2820(b)(2);
• Offerings of modified guaranteed
annuity contracts and modified
guaranteed life insurance policies, as
referred to in FINRA Rule 5110(b)(8)(E);
• Offerings of securities of a
commodity pool operated by a
commodity pool operator, as defined
under Section 1a(5) of the Commodity
Exchange Act;
• Offerings of equity and credit
derivatives, including over-the-counter
(‘‘OTC’’) options, provided that the
derivative is not based principally on
the member or any of its control entities;
and
• Offerings filed with the Department
under FINRA Rule 5110 or NASD Rules
2720 or 2810.
Finally, the proposed rule change also
would exempt MPOs in which investors
would be expected to have access to
sufficient information about the issuer
and its securities in addition to the
information provided by the member
conducting the MPO. These exemptions
include:
• Offerings of unregistered
investment grade rated debt and
preferred securities;
• Offerings to employees and
affiliates of the issuer or its control
entities; and
• Offerings of securities issued in
conversions, stock splits and
restructuring transactions executed by
an already existing investor without the
need for additional consideration or
investments on the part of the investor.
This list of exemptions is largely
based on the exemptions previously
proposed in NTM 07–27, with a few
additions and clarifications in response
to comments.30 FINRA clarified that
exempted securities, as defined by
Section 3(a)(12) of the Exchange Act,
would not be subject to the Rule.31 In
29 Members’ offerings of subordinated loans are
subject to an alternative disclosure regime. In 2002,
the SEC approved a rule change to require, as part
of a subordination agreement, the execution of a
Subordination Agreement Investor Disclosure
Document. See Exchange Act Release No. 45954
(May 17, 2002), 67 FR 36281 (May 23, 2002); see
also Notice to Members 02–32 (June 2002).
30 See Lombard letter, ABA letter, MGL letter,
NYC Bar letter, MFA letter, NFA letter, Alston &
Bird letter, Anders letter, PFG letter, CAI letter,
2007 ChoiceTrade letter, Mallon & Johnson letter,
and SIFMA letter.
31 Accordingly, FINRA noted that in connection
with this proposed Rule, they do not plan to
recommend amending NASD Rule 0116 or the List
of NASD Conduct Rules and Interpretive Materials
that apply to Exempted Securities. See CAI letter.
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addition, FINRA proposed an
exemption for commodity pools in view
of the oversight and regulation
performed by the NFA and the
Commodity Futures Trading
Commission.32 FINRA also clarified that
variable contracts and other life
insurance products would be
excluded,33 because the offer and sale of
these types of offerings are already
subject to existing FINRA rules.34
FINRA also proposed an exemption for
member private offerings that are filed
with the Department under FINRA Rule
5110 or NASD Rules 2720 or 2810.
In addition, FINRA clarified aspects
of other previously proposed
exemptions. FINRA clarified that their
intent regarding the exemption for
wholesalers is to provide an exemption
for those that do not primarily engage in
direct selling to investors.35 FINRA also
clarified that offerings of securities
issued in conversions, stock splits, and
restructuring transactions that are
executed by an already-existing investor
without the need for additional
consideration or investment on the part
of the investor would be exempt.36
FINRA also noted that equity and
credit derivatives, such as OTC options,
would be exempt, provided that the
derivative is not based principally on
the member or any of its control
entities.37 As a technical matter, the
issuer of an equity or credit derivative
is the member firm, and thus would
make such offering an MPO. However,
where the security offered is not based
principally on the member or any of its
control entities (e.g., an OTC option on
Microsoft Corporation), FINRA does not
believe such sale should be subject to
the provisions of the proposed rule
change. On the other hand, if the
derivative is based principally on the
member or a control entity (e.g., an OTC
option overlying the member), then the
sale of such security should be treated
as an MPO and subject to the
requirements of the proposed rule
change.
Finally, FINRA clarified that the
exemption for employees and affiliates
of issuers would apply to employees
and affiliates of control entities as well,
because these persons are expected to
have access to a level of information
about the securities of the issuer similar
to employees and affiliates of the issuer
itself.38
32 See NYC Bar letter, MFA letter, NFA letter,
Alston & Bird letter, and SIFMA letter.
33 See CAI letter and PFG letter.
34 See, e.g., NASD Rule 2820.
35 See MGL letter and SIFMA letter.
36 See Mallon & Johnson letter.
37 See SIFMA letter.
38 See Stephens letter; see also Lombard letter.
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01:23 Mar 25, 2009
Jkt 217001
Based on the comment letters
received in response to NTM 07–27,39
FINRA also reconsidered whether
offerings to accredited investors should
be exempt. However, FINRA continued
to believe that an exemption for
offerings made to accredited investors
would not be in the public interest due
to the generally low thresholds for
meeting the definition of the term
‘‘accredited investor.’’ FINRA noted that
the SEC has recently proposed clarifying
and modernizing its ‘‘accredited
investor’’ standard.40
Additionally, FINRA believed that
financial products offered by a public
reporting company,41 an investment
fund,42 or a State or Federal bank
affiliate of a FINRA member,43 should
not be excluded based solely on their
status as a reporting company, a fund,
or a bank. FINRA’s belief was that, as a
general matter, exemptions are best
tailored based on the type of securities
offered or the type (and sophistication)
of the purchaser rather than the type of
offeror. FINRA also declined to exempt
offerings that contribute below a
specified level of a member’s net worth
(e.g., 5%), to create a categorical
exemption for all exempted securities
under Section 3(a) of the Securities Act,
or to expand the exemption for
securities with short term maturities
under Section 3(a)(3) of the Securities
Act to include all securities with a
maturity of nine months or less.44 As a
practical matter, however, many of these
products would be exempt because they
meet one of the other exemptions
enumerated in the Rule.
III. Comment Letters
The Commission received two
comment letters in response to the
proposed rule change.45 The
Commission also received FINRA’s
response to comments.46 One letter
voiced serious objections to the Rule,47
while the other raised issues relating to
the scope of the Rule.48 The specific
comments from these two letters, as
well as FINRA’s response to these
39 See 2007 ChoiceTrade letter, PFG letter, and
SIFMA letter.
40 See, e.g., Securities Act Release No. 8828 (Aug.
3, 2007), 72 FR 45116 (Aug. 10, 2007); Securities
Act Release No. 8766 (Dec. 27, 2006), 72 FR 400
(Jan. 4, 2007).
41 See ABA letter and SIFMA letter.
42 See MFA letter.
43 See Anders letter and ABA letter.
44 See SIFMA letter.
45 Supra note 5.
46 Letter from Stan Macel, FINRA, dated March 9,
2009.
47 2009 ChoiceTrade Letter.
48 IPA Letter.
PO 00000
Frm 00084
Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
12917
comments, are discussed in detail
below.
One commenter stated that FINRA did
not have jurisdiction to adopt the
Rule.49 FINRA found no basis in this
allegation because they believe that the
Rule is consistent with Section
15A(b)(6) of the Exchange Act and that
the proposed rule change will provide
important investor protections. FINRA
also points out that the Rule, by its
terms, would apply to members and
their associated persons in connection
with the offer and sale of a specific type
of security offering.
Both commenters argued that the
requirements of the proposed rule
change as applied to control entities of
a member are overly broad. One
commenter argued that the Rule would
affect private placements by control
entities that are not members which
should not be part of the proposal.50
The other commenter argued that
FINRA did not have jurisdiction over
control entities that are not brokerdealers.51 FINRA disagreed with the
commenters, stating that it has narrowly
tailored the Rule to apply only in those
instances where it believes oversight is
warranted. For example, the definition
of ‘‘control’’ in the Rule was limited to
situations where the member owns more
than 50% of the shares or distributable
profits of the entity, where control has
been found elsewhere at as little as
10%. Further, FINRA asserts that the
Rule is designed to address conflicts
attendant to private offerings by the
member and its control entities. FINRA
does not believe that this conflict is any
less relevant when the capital is not
being raised directly for the member’s
business purpose.
One commenter argued that FINRA
should issue no-objection letters or
otherwise demarcate the end of their
review process.52 FINRA responded that
the purpose of their review is to find
filings that are deficient on their face,
and thus does not intend to engage in
an extended review as it does in other
situations. FINRA did note that the filed
documents may be utilized in the
member examination process.
Both commenters raised objections to
the imposition of a limit on offering
expenses. FINRA disagrees with the
commenters and believes that the limits
placed on members in the Rule are
warranted based on the abuses FINRA
has found. They believe that investors
should be assured that in the case where
49 2009
ChoiceTrade Letter.
letter.
51 2009 ChoiceTrade letter. See also supra for
FINRA’s response to the jurisdictional question.
52 IPA letter.
50 IPA
E:\FR\FM\25MRN1.SGM
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Federal Register / Vol. 74, No. 56 / Wednesday, March 25, 2009 / Notices
members are placing their own or a
control entity’s securities. They also
point out that some limits are already in
place via other rules or guidelines.
NTM 07–27 required additional
disclosures beyond what was proposed
by FINRA to the Commission, but
FINRA requested specific comment as to
whether those additional disclosures
should be put back into the Rule.53 Only
one commenter addressed this question,
but did support FINRA’s decision to
remove these additional disclosures.54
One commenter objected to limiting
the requirement of filing the offering
document with FINRA to FINRA
members only.55 FINRA responded that
private offerings by members raise
unique conflicts that necessitate the
Rule. Further, that there is potential for
abuse in private offerings by nonmembers is not a rationale for
abandoning the proposal.
One commenter challenged FINRA’s
ability to keep the documents submitted
to them confidential in spite of the
promise of confidential treatment in
proposed Rule 5122(d).56 FINRA
strongly disagreed with this assessment.
This commenter also argued that there
were insufficient occurrences of
disconcerting behavior by members to
warrant a rule, asserted that the Rule
required a private placement
memorandum and objected to a new
requirement to do so, argued that the
anti-fraud rules were sufficient to
address the behavior FINRA was
concerned with, objected to the filing
requirement generally, objected to
making the offering document available
for the member examination process,
argued that accredited investors should
be excepted from the Rule, and argued
that the Rule was an over-reaction to the
findings cited by FINRA in the
proposal.57
IV. Discussion and Findings
After careful review of the proposed
rule change, the comments, and
FINRA’s response to the comments, the
Commission finds that the proposed
rule change is consistent with the
requirements of the Act, and the rules
and regulations thereunder that are
applicable to a national securities
association.58 In particular, the
Commission believes that the proposed
rule change is consistent with the
provisions of Section 15A(b)(6) of the
Act,59 which requires, among other
things, that FINRA rules be designed to
prevent fraudulent and manipulative
acts and practices, to promote just and
equitable principles of trade, and, in
general, to protect investors and the
public interest. The Commission
believes that FINRA is seeking to protect
investors and the public interest as a
result of numerous findings of
disconcerting behavior by its members
in connection with MPOs. The
Commission also believes that FINRA
has tailored the Rule to prohibit
members or associated persons from
offering or selling securities in certain
MPOs in order to ensure that investors
are protected from such abusive conduct
with minimal disruption on capital
formation. The Commission notes that,
as explained in the supplementary
material to the Rule, nothing in the Rule
shall require a member to prepare a
private placement memorandum that
meets the additional requirements of
Securities Act Rule 502.
V. Conclusion
It is therefore ordered, pursuant to
Section 19(b)(2) of the Act,60 that the
proposed rule change (File No. SR–
FINRA–2008–020), as modified by
Amendment No. 2, be, and hereby is,
approved.
For the Commission, by the Division of
Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated
authority.61
Florence E. Harmon,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. E9–6466 Filed 3–24–09; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8010–01–P
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
[Release No. 34–59597; File No. SR–
NYSEArca-2009–03]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; NYSE
Arca, Inc.; Order Approving Proposed
Rule Change To Establish a Technical
Original Listing Fee Specific to
Derivative Securities Products and
Structured Products
PWALKER on PROD1PC71 with NOTICES
VerDate Nov<24>2008
01:23 Mar 25, 2009
Jkt 217001
I. Introduction
On January 23, 2009, NYSE Arca, Inc.
(‘‘NYSE Arca’’ or ‘‘Exchange’’) filed
with the Securities and Exchange
Commission (‘‘Commission’’), pursuant
59 15
U.S.C. 78o–3(b)(6).
U.S.C. 78s(b)(2).
61 17 CFR 200.30–3(a)(12).
60 15
PO 00000
Frm 00085
Fmt 4703
II. Description of the Proposal
The Exchange proposes adopting a
technical original listing fee of $2,500
specifically for Derivative Securities
Products and Structured Products.4
Derivative Securities Products and
Structured Products 5 are currently
subject to the Exchange’s existing
technical original listing fee of $5,000,
which is applicable to all listed
securities, except for closed-end funds.
A technical original listing would occur
as a result of a change in state of
incorporation, reincorporation under
the laws of the same state, reverse split
stocks, recapitalization, creation of a
holding company or new company by
operation of law or through an exchange
offer, or similar events affecting the
nature of a listed security. The fee
applies if the change in the company’s
status is technical in nature and the
shareholders of the original company
receive or retain a share-for-share
interest in the new company without
any change in their position in the
issuer’s capital structure or rights.
The Exchange further proposes a nonsubstantive change by removing
Footnote 8 to the NYSE Arca Schedule
of Fees and Charges, waiving a fee that
was applicable only in 2007 and thus no
longer relevant.
1 15
U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
CFR 240.19b–4.
3 See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 59364
(February 5, 2009), 74 FR 6941 (hereinafter referred
to as ‘‘Notice’’).
4 The $2,500 fee may include multiple issues of
securities from the same issuer on the same
application.
5 Derivative Securities Products and Structured
Products are defined in the NYSE Arca Schedule of
Fees and Charges at notes 3 and 4. See also Notice,
supra note 3. The definitions include all Derivative
Securities Products and Structured Products traded
on NYSE Arca Equities.
2 17
March 18, 2009.
53 Exchange Act Release No. 59262 (January 16,
2009), 74 FR 4487 (January 26, 2009). See also
supra Section II.C.
54 IPA letter.
55 2009 ChoiceTrade letter.
56 Id.
57 Id.
58 In approving this proposal, the Commission has
considered the proposed rule’s impact on
efficiency, competition, and capital formation. See
15 U.S.C. 78c(f).
to Section 19(b)(1) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 (‘‘Act’’) 1 and Rule
19b–4 thereunder,2 a proposed rule
change to amend its rules governing
NYSE Arca, LLC, which is the equities
trading facility of NYSE Arca Equities,
to adopt a technical original listing fee
applicable specifically to Derivative
Securities Products and Structured
Products. Additionally, the Exchange is
removing from the NYSE Arca Schedule
of Fees and Charges, a reference to a fee
waiver that was applicable only in 2007.
The proposed rule change was
published in the Federal Register on
February 11, 2009.3 The Commission
received no comments on the proposal.
This order approves the proposed rule
change.
Sfmt 4703
E:\FR\FM\25MRN1.SGM
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Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 74, Number 56 (Wednesday, March 25, 2009)]
[Notices]
[Pages 12913-12918]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: E9-6466]
=======================================================================
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
[Release No. 34-59599; File No. SR-FINRA-2008-020]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; Financial Industry Regulatory
Authority, Inc.; Order Approving Proposed Rule Change, as Modified by
Amendment No. 2 Thereto, Relating to Private Placements of Securities
Issued by Members
March 19, 2009.
I. Introduction
The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (``FINRA'') (f/k/
a National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. (``NASD'')) filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission (``Commission'' or ``SEC'')
on September 11, 2008, and amended on January 7, 2009,\1\ pursuant to
Section 19(b)(1) of
[[Page 12914]]
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (``Exchange Act'' or ``Act'') \2\
and Rule 19b-4 thereunder,\3\ a proposal to adopt new FINRA Rule 5122
(``Rule'') which would prohibit FINRA members or associated persons
from offering or selling any security in a ``Member Private Offerings''
unless certain conditions have been met. This proposal was published
for comment in the Federal Register on January 26, 2009.\4\ The
Commission received two comments on the proposal.\5\ This order
approves this proposed rule change.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Amendment No. 2 to SR-FINRA-2008-020. This amendment
replaced and superseded the original filing submitted to the SEC on
September 11, 2008. Amendment No. 1, which was filed on December 22,
2008, was withdrawn on January 7, 2009.
\2\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
\3\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4.
\4\ Exchange Act Release No. 59262 (January 16, 2009), 74 FR
4487 (January 26, 2009) (SR-FINRA-2008-020).
\5\ See letter from Neville Golvala for ChoiceTrade dated
February 7, 2009 (``2009 ChoiceTrade letter'') and letter from Jack
L. Hollander for the Investment Program Association (``IPA'') dated
February 17, 2009 (``IPA letter'').
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
II. Description of the Proposed Rule Change
FINRA proposed to adopt new FINRA Rule 5122, which would require a
member that engages in a private placement of unregistered securities
issued by the member or a control entity to (1) disclose to investors
in a private placement memorandum, term sheet or other offering
document the intended use of offering proceeds and the offering
expenses, (2) file such offering document with FINRA, and (3) commit
that at least 85 percent of the offering proceeds will be used for
business purposes, which shall not include offering costs, discounts,
commissions and any other cash or non-cash sales incentives.
A. Background
FINRA proposed the Rule in response to problems identified in
connection with private placements by members of their own securities
or those of a control entity (referred to as ``Member Private
Offerings'' or ``MPOs''). In recent years, FINRA has investigated and
brought numerous enforcement cases concerning abuses in connection with
MPOs.\6\ Among the allegations in these cases were that members failed
to provide written offering documents to investors or provided offering
documents that contained misleading, incorrect, or selective
disclosure, such as omissions and misrepresentations regarding selling
compensation and the use of offering proceeds. In addition, as part of
its examination program, FINRA conducted a non-public sweep of firms
that had engaged in MPOs and found widespread problems. The MPO sweep
revealed that in some cases, offering proceeds were used for individual
bonuses, sales contest awards, commissions in excess of 20 percent, or
other undisclosed compensation.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\6\ Franklin Ross, Inc., NASD No. E072004001501 (settled April
2006), summarized in NASD Notice Disciplinary Actions, p. 1 (May
2006); Capital Growth Financial, LLC, NASD No. E072003099001
(settled February 2006), summarized in NASD Notice Disciplinary
Actions, p. 1 (April 2006); Craig & Associates, NASD No.
E3B2003026801 (settled August 2005), summarized in NASD Notice
Disciplinary Actions, p. D6 (October 2005); Online Brokerage
Services, Inc., NASD No. C8A050021 (settled March 2005), summarized
in NASD Notice Disciplinary Actions, p. D5 (May 2005); IAR
Securities/Legend Merchant Group, NASD No. C10030058 (settled July
2004), summarized in NASD Notice Disciplinary Actions, p. D1 (July
2004); Shelman Securities Corp., NASD No. C06030013 (settled
December 2003), summarized in NASD Notice Disciplinary Actions, p.
D1 (February 2004); Neil Brooks, NASD No. C06030009 (settled June
2003), summarized in NASD Press Release, NASD Files Three
Enforcement Actions for Fraudulent Hedge Fund Offerings (August 18,
2003); Dep't of Enforcement v. L.H. Ross & Co., Inc., Complaint No.
CAF040056 (Hearing Panel decision January 15, 2005); Dep't of
Enforcement v. Win Capital Corp., Complaint No. CLI030013 (Hearing
Panel decision August 6, 2004). In addition to these cases, FINRA
has numerous ongoing investigations involving MPOs.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Because MPOs are private placements, they are not subject to
existing FINRA rules governing underwriting terms and arrangements and
conflicts of interest by members in public offerings.\7\ This proposed
rule change is intended to provide investor protections for MPOs that
are similar to the protections provided by NASD Rule 2720 for public
offerings by members.\8\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\7\ FINRA Rule 5110 and NASD Rules 2720 and 2810 govern member
participation in public offerings of securities.
\8\ Members would remain subject to other FINRA rules that
govern a member's participation in the offer and sale of a security,
including FINRA Rules 2010 and 2020 and NASD Rule 2310. Members also
are subject to the anti-fraud provisions of the Federal securities
laws, including Sections 10(b), 11, 12 and 17 of the Exchange Act.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
In response to concerns about MPOs, FINRA issued Notice to Members
07-27 (``NTM 07-27'') in June 2007 to solicit comment on a proposed new
rule regarding MPOs (then numbered proposed NASD Rule 2721). FINRA
received sixteen comment letters in response to NTM 07-27.\9\ These
comments were varied. Some of these commenters expressed support for
the intent of the proposed rule but voiced concerns about its breadth
and scope,\10\ while others questioned the benefit or necessity of the
proposed rule.\11\ Most of these comment letters also suggested edits
to the proposed rule.\12\ These comments received in response to NTM
07-27, and changes to the Rule as proposed as compared to the rule as
it appeared in NTM 07-27, are described in more detail below in
Sections II.B through II.F.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\9\ The following is a list of persons and entities submitting
comment letters in response to NTM 07-27: Letter from Timothy P.
Selby for Alston & Bird LLP dated July 20, 2007 (``Alston & Bird
letter''), letter from Keith F. Higgins for American Bar Association
(``ABA'') Committee on Federal Regulation of Securities dated July
20, 2007 (``ABA letter''), letter from Todd Anders dated July 13,
2007 (``Anders letter''), letter from Neville Golvala for
ChoiceTrade dated July 19, 2007 (``2007 ChoiceTrade letter''),
letter from Stephen E. Roth, et al of Sutherland, Asbill & Brennan,
LLP for the Committee of Annuity Insurers (``CAI'') dated July 20,
2007 (``CAI letter''), letter from Peter J Chepucavage for the
International Association of Small Broker-Dealers and Advisors
(``IASBDA'') dated July 20, 2007 (``IASBDA letter''), letter from
Alan Z. Engel for LEC Investment Corp. dated June 14, 2007 (``LEC
letter''), letter from Daniel T. McHugh for Lombard Securities Inc.
dated July 20, 2007 (``Lombard letter''), letter from Dexter M.
Johnson for Mallon & Johnson, P.C. dated July 19, 2007 (``Mallon &
Johnson letter''), letter from John G. Gaine for Managed Funds
Association (``MFA'') dated July 20, 2007 (``MFA letter''), letter
from Curtis N. Sorrells for MGL Consulting Corp. dated July 20, 2007
(``MGL letter''), letter from Thomas W. Sexton for the National
Futures Association (``NFA'') dated July 20, 2007 (``NFA letter''),
letter from Michael S. Sackheim and David A. Form for the New York
City Bar Committee of Futures and Derivatives Regulation
Distribution Co. dated July 19, 2007 (``PFG letter''), letter from
Mary Kuan for Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association
(``SIFMA'') dated July 27, 2007 (``SIFMA letter''), and letter from
Bill Keisler for Stephens Inc. dated July 20, 2007 (``Stephens
letter'').
\10\ See MFA letter, CAI letter, and Alston & Bird letter.
\11\ See Anders letter, Mallon & Johnson letter, 2007
ChoiceTrade letter, ABA letter, and SIFMA letter. FINRA did not
agree with SIFMA that the potential for abuses in connection with
private offerings by non-members is a reason to abandon the proposed
rule change. The FINRA staff believed that offerings by members
raise unique conflicts that require the protections of the proposed
rule change. FINRA also disagreed with SIFMA's contention that they
do not have legal authority to adopt the proposed rule change.
\12\ See Alston & Bird letter, ABA letter, LEC letter, Mallon &
Johnson letter, MFA letter, MGL letter, PFG letter, and SIFMA
letter.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
B. Definitions
The proposed rule change states that no member or associated person
may offer or sell any security in a MPO unless certain conditions are
met. The proposed rule change defines a MPO as ``a private placement of
unregistered securities issued by a member or control entity.'' The
proposed rule further defines two of the terms in the definition of
MPO, ``private placement'' and ``control entity.'' In response to one
comment received in response to NTM 07-27,\13\ FINRA defined the term
``private placement'' to be ``a non-public offering of securities
conducted in reliance on an available exemption from registration under
the Securities Act [of 1933].''
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\13\ See ABA letter and SIFMA letter.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
[[Page 12915]]
The proposed rule change defines the term ``control entity'' as
``any entity that controls or is under common control with a member, or
that is controlled by a member or its associated persons.'' The term
``control'' is defined as ``a beneficial interest, as defined in Rule
5130(i)(1), of more than 50 percent of the outstanding voting
securities of a corporation, or the right to more than 50 percent of
the distributable profits or losses of a partnership or other non-
corporate legal entity.'' \14\ The power to direct the management or
policies of a corporation or partnership alone (e.g., a general
partner), absent meeting the majority ownership or right to the
majority of profits, would not constitute ``control'' as defined in
proposed FINRA Rule 5122. For purposes of this definition, FINRA
clarified that entities may calculate the percentage of control using a
``flow through'' concept, by looking through ownership levels to
calculate the total percentage of control. For example, if broker-
dealer ABC owns 50 percent of corporation DEF that in turn holds a 60
percent interest in corporation GHI, and ABC is engaged in a private
offering of GHI, ABC would have a 30 percent interest in GHI (50
percent of 60 percent), and thus GHI would not be considered a control
entity under this definition.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\14\ FINRA added language regarding ``other non-corporate legal
entities'' based on commenters' suggestions to clarify that control
would extend to entities other than corporations or partnerships.
See ABA letter and SIFMA letter.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
FINRA also reaffirmed, as stated in NTM 07-27, that performance and
management fees earned by a general partner would not be included in
the determination of partnership profit or loss percentages. However,
if such performance and management fees are subsequently re-invested in
the partnership, thereby increasing the general partner's ownership
interest, then such interests would be considered in determining
whether the partnership is a control entity.
In response to several comments received in response to NTM 07-27
advocating that the timing for determining control take place at the
conclusion rather than the commencement of an offering,\15\ FINRA
revised the definition of control to be determined immediately after
the closing of an offering. The definition also clarifies that, in the
case of multiple closings, control will be determined immediately after
each closing. If an offering is intended to raise sufficient funds such
that the member would not control the entity under the control
standard, but fails to raise sufficient funds, the member must promptly
come into compliance with the Rule, including providing the required
disclosures to investors and filings with FINRA's Corporate Financing
Department (``Department'').
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\15\ See Alston & Bird letter, ABA letter, LEC letter, MFA
letter, MGL letter, NYC Bar letter, and SIFMA letter.
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C. Disclosure Requirements
The proposed rule change would require that a member provide a
written offering document to each prospective investor in an MPO,
whether accredited or not, and that the offering document disclose the
intended use of offering proceeds as well as offering expenses and
selling compensation.\16\ If the offering has a private placement
memorandum or term sheet, then such memorandum or term sheet must be
provided to each prospective investor and must contain these
disclosures. If the offering does not have a private placement
memorandum or term sheet, then the member must prepare an offering
document that discloses the intended use of offering proceeds as well
as offering expenses and selling compensation. FINRA clarified that the
Rule is not meant to require a particular form of disclosure, however.
To emphasize this point, FINRA proposed to issue Supplemental Material
5122.01, which would note that nothing in the Rule shall require a
member to prepare a private placement memorandum that meets the
additional requirements of Rule 502 under the Securities Act of 1933
(``Securities Act'').
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\16\ Given that FINRA is not imposing limits on selling
compensation as it does in other rules, they did not believe it was
necessary to provide a detailed definition of ``selling
compensation'' as urged by SIFMA. FINRA believed that the term
``selling compensation'' for purposes of a disclosure requirement is
sufficiently clear.
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FINRA believed that every investor in an MPO should receive basic
information concerning the offering. FINRA also believed that none of
the disclosures required in the proposed rule change would conflict
with requirements under Federal or State securities laws.\17\
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\17\ See SIFMA letter.
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In response to comments received in response to NTM 07-27,\18\ the
proposed rule change eliminates the previously proposed requirements to
disclose risk factors and ``any other information necessary to ensure
that required information is not misleading.'' One commenter at the
time was concerned that requiring disclosure of these items could lead
to an inconsistent scheme of regulation in interpreting the application
of the Federal securities laws to private placements if FINRA's
expectation of what should be disclosed differed from the expectations
of the SEC and the courts.\19\While FINRA omitted these disclosures
from the proposed rule change, they specifically requested comment on
their decision to exclude such disclosures.\20\
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\18\?????
\19\ See ABA letter.
\20\ Exchange Act Release No. 59262 (January 16, 2009), 74 FR
4487 (January 26, 2009).
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D. Filing Requirements
The proposed rule change would require that a member file a private
placement memorandum, term sheet, or other offering document with the
Department at or prior to the first time such document is provided to
any prospective investor. Any amendments or exhibits to the offering
document also must be filed by the member with the Department within
ten days of being provided to any investor or prospective investor. The
filing requirement is intended to allow the Department to identify
those offering documents that are deficient ``on their face'' from the
other requirements of the proposed rule change. Notably, the filing
requirement in the proposed rule change differs from that in Rule 5110
(Corporate Financing Rule) in that the Department would not review the
offering and issue a ``no-objections'' letter before a member may
commence the offering.
FINRA affirmed, in response to concerns raised in comment letters
received in response to NTM 07-27,\21\ that information filed with the
Department pursuant to proposed FINRA Rule 5122 would be subject to
confidential treatment. FINRA included a provision in the proposed rule
change explicitly clarifying this position.\22\ FINRA has stated that
the Department plans to develop a Web-based filing system that would
allow for the filing to be deemed filed upon submission.\23\ In
addition, the proposed rule change would not impose any additional
requirements regarding filing of advertisements or sales materials,
which
[[Page 12916]]
would continue to be governed by NASD Rule 2210.\24\
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\21\ See ABA letter, Mallon & Johnson letter, and SIFMA letter.
\22\ See proposed 5122(d). This confidential treatment provision
is similar to that provided in FINRA Rule 5110(b)(3).
\23\ As noted supra, and in NTM 07-27, neither FINRA nor the
Department would issue a ``no objections opinion'' regarding any
offering document filed with the Department. However, FINRA has
stated that if it subsequently determined that disclosures in the
offering document appeared to be incomplete, inaccurate or
misleading, they could make further inquiries. The filing
requirement also could facilitate the creation of a confidential
Department database on MPO activity that would be used in connection
with the member examination process.
\24\ See NYC Bar letter and SIFMA letter.
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One commenter responding to NTM 07-27 suggested that a member's
filing of Form D pursuant to Securities Act Regulation D should provide
sufficient information to FINRA.\25\ FINRA staff disagreed. For
example, FINRA noted that the information in Form D does not include
information on a wide variety of expenses or applications of proceeds,
nor does Form D require that such information is contained in the
offering documents.
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\25\ See Mallon & Johnson letter.
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E. Use of Offering Proceeds
Proposed Rule 5122(b)(3) would require that each time an MPO is
closed at least 85 percent of the offering proceeds raised be used for
business purposes, which would not include offering costs, discounts,
commissions, or any other cash or non-cash sales incentives. The use of
offering proceeds also must be consistent with the disclosures to
investors, as described above. This requirement was created to address
the abuses where members or control entities used substantial amounts
of offering proceeds for selling compensation and related party
benefits, rather than business purposes. The proposed rule change does
not limit the total amount of underwriting compensation. Rather, under
the proposed rule change, offering and other expenses of the MPO could
exceed a value greater than 15 percent of the offering proceeds, but no
more than 15 percent of the money raised from investors in the private
placement could be used to pay these expenses. FINRA noted that the 15
percent figure is consistent with the limitation of offering fees and
expenses, including compensation, in NASD Rule 2810 and the North
American Securities Administrators Association guidelines with respect
to public offerings subject to State regulation.
Some commenters responding to NTM 07-27 expressed concern that the
85 percent limit was arbitrary or unnecessary,\26\ and should be
reduced or eliminated to allow flexibility for management in MPOs.\27\
FINRA believed that when a member engages in a private placement of its
own securities or those of a control entity, investors should be
assured that, at a minimum, 85 percent of the proceeds of the offering
are dedicated to business purposes. FINRA recognized that changing the
business purpose or use of proceeds in an offering may in some
instances benefit investors and reminded members that the member may
change its use of proceeds, provided it makes appropriate disclosure to
investors and files the amended offering document with the Department.
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\26\ See IASBDA letter, Mallon & Johnson letter, ABA letter, and
SIFMA letter.
\27\ See IASBDA letter, Mallon & Johnson letter, and ABA letter.
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One commenter responding to NTM 07-27 requested that, when an
issuer plans a series of MPOs, the issuer should be allowed to
calculate the 85 percent limit at the end of the series.\28\ FINRA
believed, however, that the limit should apply to each MPO in order to
assure investors that at least 85 percent of each offering in a series
is dedicated to the business purposes described in that offering's
offering document. As a result, FINRA clarified that the 85 percent
limit applies to each MPO.
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\28\ See NYC Bar letter.
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F. Proposed Exemptions
Proposed Rule 5122 would include a number of exemptions for sales
to institutional purchasers because FINRA's findings did not reveal
abuse vis-[agrave]-vis such purchasers, who are generally sophisticated
and able to conduct appropriate due diligence prior to making an
investment. Specifically, the proposed Rule would exempt MPOs sold
solely to the following:
Institutional accounts, as defined in NASD Rule
3110(c)(4);
Qualified purchasers, as defined in Section 2(a)(51)(A) of
the Investment Company Act;
Qualified institutional buyers, as defined in Securities
Act Rule 144A;
Investment companies, as defined in Section 3 of the
Investment Company Act;
An entity composed exclusively of qualified institutional
buyers, as defined in Securities Act Rule 144A; and
Banks, as defined in Section 3(a)(2) of the Securities
Act.
In addition, the proposed rule change excludes the following types
of offerings, which do not raise the concerns identified in the sweep
or enforcement actions:
Offerings of exempted securities, as defined by Section
3(a)(12) of the Exchange Act;
Offerings made pursuant to Securities Act Rule 144A or SEC
Regulation S;
Offerings in which a member acts primarily in a
wholesaling capacity (i.e., it intends, as evidenced by a selling
agreement, to sell through its affiliate broker-dealers, less than 20%
of the securities in the offering);
Offerings of exempted securities with short term
maturities under Section 3(a)(3) of the Securities Act;
Offerings of subordinated loans under Exchange Act Rule
15c3-1, Appendix D;\29\
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\29\ Members' offerings of subordinated loans are subject to an
alternative disclosure regime. In 2002, the SEC approved a rule
change to require, as part of a subordination agreement, the
execution of a Subordination Agreement Investor Disclosure Document.
See Exchange Act Release No. 45954 (May 17, 2002), 67 FR 36281 (May
23, 2002); see also Notice to Members 02-32 (June 2002).
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Offerings of ``variable contracts,'' as defined in NASD
Rule 2820(b)(2);
Offerings of modified guaranteed annuity contracts and
modified guaranteed life insurance policies, as referred to in FINRA
Rule 5110(b)(8)(E);
Offerings of securities of a commodity pool operated by a
commodity pool operator, as defined under Section 1a(5) of the
Commodity Exchange Act;
Offerings of equity and credit derivatives, including
over-the-counter (``OTC'') options, provided that the derivative is not
based principally on the member or any of its control entities; and
Offerings filed with the Department under FINRA Rule 5110
or NASD Rules 2720 or 2810.
Finally, the proposed rule change also would exempt MPOs in which
investors would be expected to have access to sufficient information
about the issuer and its securities in addition to the information
provided by the member conducting the MPO. These exemptions include:
Offerings of unregistered investment grade rated debt and
preferred securities;
Offerings to employees and affiliates of the issuer or its
control entities; and
Offerings of securities issued in conversions, stock
splits and restructuring transactions executed by an already existing
investor without the need for additional consideration or investments
on the part of the investor.
This list of exemptions is largely based on the exemptions
previously proposed in NTM 07-27, with a few additions and
clarifications in response to comments.\30\ FINRA clarified that
exempted securities, as defined by Section 3(a)(12) of the Exchange
Act, would not be subject to the Rule.\31\ In
[[Page 12917]]
addition, FINRA proposed an exemption for commodity pools in view of
the oversight and regulation performed by the NFA and the Commodity
Futures Trading Commission.\32\ FINRA also clarified that variable
contracts and other life insurance products would be excluded,\33\
because the offer and sale of these types of offerings are already
subject to existing FINRA rules.\34\ FINRA also proposed an exemption
for member private offerings that are filed with the Department under
FINRA Rule 5110 or NASD Rules 2720 or 2810.
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\30\ See Lombard letter, ABA letter, MGL letter, NYC Bar letter,
MFA letter, NFA letter, Alston & Bird letter, Anders letter, PFG
letter, CAI letter, 2007 ChoiceTrade letter, Mallon & Johnson
letter, and SIFMA letter.
\31\ Accordingly, FINRA noted that in connection with this
proposed Rule, they do not plan to recommend amending NASD Rule 0116
or the List of NASD Conduct Rules and Interpretive Materials that
apply to Exempted Securities. See CAI letter.
\32\ See NYC Bar letter, MFA letter, NFA letter, Alston & Bird
letter, and SIFMA letter.
\33\ See CAI letter and PFG letter.
\34\ See, e.g., NASD Rule 2820.
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In addition, FINRA clarified aspects of other previously proposed
exemptions. FINRA clarified that their intent regarding the exemption
for wholesalers is to provide an exemption for those that do not
primarily engage in direct selling to investors.\35\ FINRA also
clarified that offerings of securities issued in conversions, stock
splits, and restructuring transactions that are executed by an already-
existing investor without the need for additional consideration or
investment on the part of the investor would be exempt.\36\
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\35\ See MGL letter and SIFMA letter.
\36\ See Mallon & Johnson letter.
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FINRA also noted that equity and credit derivatives, such as OTC
options, would be exempt, provided that the derivative is not based
principally on the member or any of its control entities.\37\ As a
technical matter, the issuer of an equity or credit derivative is the
member firm, and thus would make such offering an MPO. However, where
the security offered is not based principally on the member or any of
its control entities (e.g., an OTC option on Microsoft Corporation),
FINRA does not believe such sale should be subject to the provisions of
the proposed rule change. On the other hand, if the derivative is based
principally on the member or a control entity (e.g., an OTC option
overlying the member), then the sale of such security should be treated
as an MPO and subject to the requirements of the proposed rule change.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\37\ See SIFMA letter.
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Finally, FINRA clarified that the exemption for employees and
affiliates of issuers would apply to employees and affiliates of
control entities as well, because these persons are expected to have
access to a level of information about the securities of the issuer
similar to employees and affiliates of the issuer itself.\38\
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\38\ See Stephens letter; see also Lombard letter.
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Based on the comment letters received in response to NTM 07-27,\39\
FINRA also reconsidered whether offerings to accredited investors
should be exempt. However, FINRA continued to believe that an exemption
for offerings made to accredited investors would not be in the public
interest due to the generally low thresholds for meeting the definition
of the term ``accredited investor.'' FINRA noted that the SEC has
recently proposed clarifying and modernizing its ``accredited
investor'' standard.\40\
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\39\ See 2007 ChoiceTrade letter, PFG letter, and SIFMA letter.
\40\ See, e.g., Securities Act Release No. 8828 (Aug. 3, 2007),
72 FR 45116 (Aug. 10, 2007); Securities Act Release No. 8766 (Dec.
27, 2006), 72 FR 400 (Jan. 4, 2007).
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Additionally, FINRA believed that financial products offered by a
public reporting company,\41\ an investment fund,\42\ or a State or
Federal bank affiliate of a FINRA member,\43\ should not be excluded
based solely on their status as a reporting company, a fund, or a bank.
FINRA's belief was that, as a general matter, exemptions are best
tailored based on the type of securities offered or the type (and
sophistication) of the purchaser rather than the type of offeror. FINRA
also declined to exempt offerings that contribute below a specified
level of a member's net worth (e.g., 5%), to create a categorical
exemption for all exempted securities under Section 3(a) of the
Securities Act, or to expand the exemption for securities with short
term maturities under Section 3(a)(3) of the Securities Act to include
all securities with a maturity of nine months or less.\44\ As a
practical matter, however, many of these products would be exempt
because they meet one of the other exemptions enumerated in the Rule.
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\41\ See ABA letter and SIFMA letter.
\42\ See MFA letter.
\43\ See Anders letter and ABA letter.
\44\ See SIFMA letter.
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III. Comment Letters
The Commission received two comment letters in response to the
proposed rule change.\45\ The Commission also received FINRA's response
to comments.\46\ One letter voiced serious objections to the Rule,\47\
while the other raised issues relating to the scope of the Rule.\48\
The specific comments from these two letters, as well as FINRA's
response to these comments, are discussed in detail below.
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\45\ Supra note 5.
\46\ Letter from Stan Macel, FINRA, dated March 9, 2009.
\47\ 2009 ChoiceTrade Letter.
\48\ IPA Letter.
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One commenter stated that FINRA did not have jurisdiction to adopt
the Rule.\49\ FINRA found no basis in this allegation because they
believe that the Rule is consistent with Section 15A(b)(6) of the
Exchange Act and that the proposed rule change will provide important
investor protections. FINRA also points out that the Rule, by its
terms, would apply to members and their associated persons in
connection with the offer and sale of a specific type of security
offering.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\49\ 2009 ChoiceTrade Letter.
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Both commenters argued that the requirements of the proposed rule
change as applied to control entities of a member are overly broad. One
commenter argued that the Rule would affect private placements by
control entities that are not members which should not be part of the
proposal.\50\ The other commenter argued that FINRA did not have
jurisdiction over control entities that are not broker-dealers.\51\
FINRA disagreed with the commenters, stating that it has narrowly
tailored the Rule to apply only in those instances where it believes
oversight is warranted. For example, the definition of ``control'' in
the Rule was limited to situations where the member owns more than 50%
of the shares or distributable profits of the entity, where control has
been found elsewhere at as little as 10%. Further, FINRA asserts that
the Rule is designed to address conflicts attendant to private
offerings by the member and its control entities. FINRA does not
believe that this conflict is any less relevant when the capital is not
being raised directly for the member's business purpose.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\50\ IPA letter.
\51\ 2009 ChoiceTrade letter. See also supra for FINRA's
response to the jurisdictional question.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
One commenter argued that FINRA should issue no-objection letters
or otherwise demarcate the end of their review process.\52\ FINRA
responded that the purpose of their review is to find filings that are
deficient on their face, and thus does not intend to engage in an
extended review as it does in other situations. FINRA did note that the
filed documents may be utilized in the member examination process.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\52\ IPA letter.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Both commenters raised objections to the imposition of a limit on
offering expenses. FINRA disagrees with the commenters and believes
that the limits placed on members in the Rule are warranted based on
the abuses FINRA has found. They believe that investors should be
assured that in the case where
[[Page 12918]]
members are placing their own or a control entity's securities. They
also point out that some limits are already in place via other rules or
guidelines.
NTM 07-27 required additional disclosures beyond what was proposed
by FINRA to the Commission, but FINRA requested specific comment as to
whether those additional disclosures should be put back into the
Rule.\53\ Only one commenter addressed this question, but did support
FINRA's decision to remove these additional disclosures.\54\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\53\ Exchange Act Release No. 59262 (January 16, 2009), 74 FR
4487 (January 26, 2009). See also supra Section II.C.
\54\ IPA letter.
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One commenter objected to limiting the requirement of filing the
offering document with FINRA to FINRA members only.\55\ FINRA responded
that private offerings by members raise unique conflicts that
necessitate the Rule. Further, that there is potential for abuse in
private offerings by non-members is not a rationale for abandoning the
proposal.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\55\ 2009 ChoiceTrade letter.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
One commenter challenged FINRA's ability to keep the documents
submitted to them confidential in spite of the promise of confidential
treatment in proposed Rule 5122(d).\56\ FINRA strongly disagreed with
this assessment. This commenter also argued that there were
insufficient occurrences of disconcerting behavior by members to
warrant a rule, asserted that the Rule required a private placement
memorandum and objected to a new requirement to do so, argued that the
anti-fraud rules were sufficient to address the behavior FINRA was
concerned with, objected to the filing requirement generally, objected
to making the offering document available for the member examination
process, argued that accredited investors should be excepted from the
Rule, and argued that the Rule was an over-reaction to the findings
cited by FINRA in the proposal.\57\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\56\ Id.
\57\ Id.
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IV. Discussion and Findings
After careful review of the proposed rule change, the comments, and
FINRA's response to the comments, the Commission finds that the
proposed rule change is consistent with the requirements of the Act,
and the rules and regulations thereunder that are applicable to a
national securities association.\58\ In particular, the Commission
believes that the proposed rule change is consistent with the
provisions of Section 15A(b)(6) of the Act,\59\ which requires, among
other things, that FINRA rules be designed to prevent fraudulent and
manipulative acts and practices, to promote just and equitable
principles of trade, and, in general, to protect investors and the
public interest. The Commission believes that FINRA is seeking to
protect investors and the public interest as a result of numerous
findings of disconcerting behavior by its members in connection with
MPOs. The Commission also believes that FINRA has tailored the Rule to
prohibit members or associated persons from offering or selling
securities in certain MPOs in order to ensure that investors are
protected from such abusive conduct with minimal disruption on capital
formation. The Commission notes that, as explained in the supplementary
material to the Rule, nothing in the Rule shall require a member to
prepare a private placement memorandum that meets the additional
requirements of Securities Act Rule 502.
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\58\ In approving this proposal, the Commission has considered
the proposed rule's impact on efficiency, competition, and capital
formation. See 15 U.S.C. 78c(f).
\59\ 15 U.S.C. 78o-3(b)(6).
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V. Conclusion
It is therefore ordered, pursuant to Section 19(b)(2) of the
Act,\60\ that the proposed rule change (File No. SR-FINRA-2008-020), as
modified by Amendment No. 2, be, and hereby is, approved.
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\60\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(2).
For the Commission, by the Division of Trading and Markets,
pursuant to delegated authority.\61\
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\61\ 17 CFR 200.30-3(a)(12).
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Florence E. Harmon,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. E9-6466 Filed 3-24-09; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8010-01-P