Dorel Juvenile Group [Cosco] (DJG); Denial of Applications for Determination of Inconsequential Noncompliance, 41397-41399 [E8-16431]
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Federal Register / Vol. 73, No. 139 / Friday, July 18, 2008 / Notices
Harrisburg North Golf Course), Upper
Paxton Township, Dauphin County, Pa.
Consumptive water use of up to 0.200
mgd and surface water withdrawal of up
to 0.200 mgd.
13. Project Sponsor and Facility:
Spring Creek Golf Course (Spring
Creek), Derry Township, Dauphin
County, Pa. Consumptive water use of
up to 0.081 mgd and surface water
withdrawal of up to 0.081 mgd.
14. Project Sponsor: Titanium Hearth
Technologies, Inc. Project Facility:
TIMET North American Operations,
Caernarvon Township, Berks County,
Pa. Consumptive water use of up to
0.133 mgd, and settlement of an
outstanding compliance matter.
15. Project Sponsor and Facility:
Conestoga Country Club (Well 1), Manor
and Lancaster Townships, Lancaster
County, Pa. Groundwater withdrawal of
0.281 mgd.
16. Project Sponsor and Facility: Rock
Springs Generation Facility, Rising Sun,
Cecil County, Maryland. Modification of
surface water withdrawal, groundwater
withdrawal, and consumptive water use
approval (Docket No. 20001203).
Public Hearing—Enforcement Action:
The Commission accepted a settlement
offer in the amount of $8,500 for the
following project.
Project Sponsor and Facility: Standing
Stone Golf Club (Docket No. 20020612),
Oneida Township, Huntington County,
Pa.
Public Hearing—Denial of Request for
Administrative Hearing: Under Section
808.2 of the Commission’s Regulation
relating to administrative appeals, the
Commission denied a request for an
administrative hearing concerning the
following project:
Project Sponsor: Mountainview
Thoroughbred Racing Association;
Project Facility: Withdrawal of up to
0.400 mgd (30-day average) for
maintenance and operation of a horse
racing and casino gaming facility,
Docket No. 20080305;
Location: East Hanover Township,
Dauphin County, Pa. Appellant: East
Hanover Township, et al.
Public Hearing—Denial of Request to
Reopen Docket: Under Section 806.32 of
the Commission’s Regulation relating to
reopening of project approvals, the
Commission denied a request for the
reopening of the following project
approval:
Project Sponsor: Mountainview
Thoroughbred Racing Association
Project;
Facility: Consumptive Use of up to
0.438 mgd (peak day) for maintenance
and operation of a horse racing and
casino gaming facility, Docket No.
20020809;
VerDate Aug<31>2005
15:36 Jul 17, 2008
Jkt 214001
Location: East Hanover Township,
Dauphin County, Pa. Appellant: East
Hanover Township.
Public Hearing—Denial of Request for
Reconsideration of Denial of Request for
Stay: Under Section 808.2 of the
Commission’s Regulation relating to
administrative appeals, the Commission
denied a request for reconsideration of
its previous denial of a request for stay
of the following project approval:
Project Sponsor: Mountainview
Thoroughbred Racing Association;
Project
Facility: Withdrawal of up to 0.400
mgd (30-day average) for maintenance
and operation of a horse racing and
casino gaming facility, Docket No.
20080305;
Location: East Hanover Township,
Dauphin County, Pa. Appellant: East
Hanover Township, et. al.
Public Hearing—Projects Tabled:
1. Project Sponsor and Facility: East
Resources, Inc. (Seeley Creek), Town of
Southport, Chemung County, N.Y.
Applications for consumptive water use
of up to 0.250 mgd and surface water
withdrawal of up to 0.250 mgd.
2. Project Sponsor and Facility: East
Resources, Inc. (Crooked Creek; near
Middlebury Center), Middlebury
Township, Tioga County, Pa.
Applications for consumptive water use
of up to 0.250 mgd and surface water
withdrawal of up to 0.250 mgd.
3. Project Sponsor and Facility:
Fortuna Energy Inc. (Sugar Creek), West
Burlington Township, Bradford County,
Pa. Applications for consumptive water
use of up to 0.250 mgd and surface
water withdrawal of up to 0.250 mgd.
4. Project Sponsor and Facility:
Fortuna Energy Inc. (Towanda Creek),
Franklin Township, Bradford County,
Pa. Applications for consumptive water
use of up to 0.250 mgd and surface
water withdrawal of up to 0.250 mgd.
5. Project Sponsor and Facility:
Fortuna Energy Inc. (Susquehanna
River), Sheshequin Township, Bradford
County, Pa. Applications for
consumptive water use of up to 0.250
mgd and surface water withdrawal of up
to 0.250 mgd.
6. Project Sponsor and Facility:
Neptune Industries, Inc. (Lackawanna
River), Borough of Archbald,
Lackawanna County, Pa. Application for
surface water withdrawal of up to 0.499
mgd.
7. Project Sponsor: United States
Gypsum Company. Project Facility:
Washingtonville Plant (Well W–A8),
Derry Township, Montour County, Pa.
Application for groundwater
withdrawal of 0.350 mgd.
8. Project Sponsor: Pennsy Supply,
Inc. Project Facility: Hummelstown
PO 00000
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41397
Quarry, South Hanover Township,
Dauphin County, Pa. Application for
surface water withdrawal of up to
29.925 mgd.
Authority: Public Law 91–575, 84 Stat.
1509 et seq., 18 CFR parts 806, 807, and 808.
Dated: July 10, 2008.
Thomas W. Beauduy,
Deputy Director.
[FR Doc. E8–16540 Filed 7–17–08; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 7040–01–P
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
National Highway Traffic Safety
Administration
Dorel Juvenile Group [Cosco] (DJG);
Denial of Applications for
Determination of Inconsequential
Noncompliance
Dorel Juvenile Group (DJG), of
Columbus, Indiana, the parent company
manufacturing Cosco brand child
restraints, determined that certain tether
webbing used on various child restraints
(39 models and 3,957,826 units) failed
the webbing strength requirements of
S5.4.1(a) of Federal Motor Vehicle
Safety Standard (FMVSS) No. 213,
‘‘Child Restraint Systems’’.1 DJG also
determined that certain harness
webbing used on various child restraints
(14 models and 54,400 units) failed the
webbing strength requirements of
FMVSS No. 213, S5.4.1(b). For each
noncompliance, DJG filed an
appropriate report pursuant to 49 CFR
part 573, ‘‘Defect and Noncompliance
Reports.’’ DJG also applied to be
exempted from the notification and
remedy requirements of 49 U.S.C.
Chapter 301, ‘‘Motor Vehicle Safety,’’ on
the basis that the noncompliance in
both situations is inconsequential to
motor vehicle safety.
Notices of receipt of the applications
were published on July 30, 2002 and
December 3, 2002 in the Federal
Register (67 FR 49387 and 67 FR 72025)
with 30-day comment periods. In
response to the first petition, NHTSA
received one comment from Advocates
for Highway and Auto Safety
(Advocates) in support of establishing a
minimum breaking strength requirement
(Docket No. NHTSA–2002–12479–2).
NHTSA received no comments in
response to the second petition.
The noncompliant tether webbing
used on Cosco child restraints failed to
meet the percent-of-strength
1 Throughout this Notice, all references to FMVSS
No. 213 are based on the version of the standard
in effect for the applicable manufacturing dates of
the noncompliant webbing.
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Federal Register / Vol. 73, No. 139 / Friday, July 18, 2008 / Notices
dwashington3 on PRODPC61 with NOTICES3
requirement of FMVSS No. 213 when
subjected to the abrasion test. The tether
webbing retained only 55 percent of its
new webbing strength; 75 percent was
and is required by the standard. The
noncompliant harness webbing failed to
meet the percent-of-strength
requirement of FMVSS No. 213 when
exposed to a carbon arc light. The
harness webbing retained only 37
percent of its new webbing strength; 60
percent was and is required by the
standard.
As indicated above, NHTSA’s
standards were based on retention of a
specified percentage of the original
strength of the webbing. However, there
was no minimum strength requirement.
These DJG petitions for inconsequential
noncompliance highlighted NHTSA’s
concern that the standard could allow
manufacturers to use low strength and
potentially unsafe webbing provided
that the webbing retained most of its
strength following exposure to abrasion
or light. At the time of receiving these
petitions, NHTSA had undertaken a
rulemaking to consider whether to
amend FMVSS No. 213 to require a
minimum breaking strength for webbing
to ensure that all child restraints being
introduced into the market would have
adequate webbing strength to provide
child safety protection over their
lifetimes. NHTSA postponed final
determinations on these petitions in
order to obtain the benefit of public
comments responding to the proposed
breaking strength requirements. In a rule
published on June 7, 2006 (71 FR
32855), NHTSA established minimum
breaking strength requirements.2
Abrasion Petition Summary
As part of the Agency’s 2001 testing
activities, NHTSA tested the tether
webbing used on DJG child restraints to
the requirements in FMVSS No. 213.
FMVSS No. 213, S5.4.1(a) ‘‘Performance
requirements,’’ requires that the
webbing of belts provided with a child
restraint system, after being subjected to
abrasion as specified in S5.1(d) or
S5.3(c) of FMVSS No. 209, ‘‘Seat belt
assemblies,’’ have a breaking strength of
not less than 75 percent of the strength
of the unabraded webbing when tested
in accordance with S5.1(b) of FMVSS
No. 209. Section 5.1(b) of FMVSS No.
209 requires that the median value of
three webbing samples meet the
abrasion requirement.3 Following the
2 Under the final rule the webbing must meet both
minimum breaking strengths and percent-ofstrength retention requirements to be compliant
with the Standard.
3 The 75 percent webbing reduction requirement
is calculated using median breaking strength values
of abraded webbing (out of three samples) and
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15:36 Jul 17, 2008
Jkt 214001
abrasion test, the DJG tether webbing
retained only 55 percent of the original
webbing breaking strength (from 19,803
N to 10,903 N). The noncompliant tether
webbing was manufactured between
January 2000 and September 30, 2001.
On July 11, 2001, as a result of its fiscal
year 2001 testing, NHTSA notified DJG
of a potential noncompliance regarding
DJG’s tether webbing utilized for their
tether assembly.
DJG determined that one of the tether
webbing suppliers had provided some
webbing that did not meet the abrasion
test requirements. However, DJG
contended that because its unabraded
webbing strength was high,
noncompliance with the 75 percent
abrasion strength requirement of
S5.4.1(a) of FMVSS No. 213 is
inconsequential to motor vehicle safety.
DJG stated that its abraded strength of
10,903 N is far in excess of the
anchorage strength requirement
specified in FMVSS No. 225, ‘‘Child
restraint anchorage systems.’’ DJG also
asserted that the abraded webbing
strength test procedure set forth in
S5.4.1(a) of FMVSS No. 213 is flawed,
and that a minimum abraded breaking
strength should be specified. Therefore,
DJG filed the petition claiming that the
noncompliance is inconsequential to
motor vehicle safety.
NHTSA Decision on Abrasion Petition
As summarized above, DJG contended
that because the unabraded webbing
strength was high, the noncompliance
with the 75 percent abrasion strength
requirement was inconsequential to
motor vehicle safety. However, both the
unabraded webbing strength and the
degradation rate requirements are
important from a safety perspective, as
explained in the preamble to the June
2006 final rule.4 While DJG focused on
the unabraded strength of the webbing,
it largely ignored the high degradation
rate of the webbing in the restraints
covered by its Part 573 report. This lack
of breaking strength retention after
abrasion signals the distinct probability
that the webbing strength would be
insufficient throughout a lifetime of
use.5
original (unabraded) webbing (out of three
samples).
4 71 FR 32856–858, June 7, 2006 (minimum
breaking strength requirement for new webbing); 71
FR 32858–859, June 7, 2006 (minimum percent-ofstrength requirement for exposed webbing).
5 We note that following abrasion, the Dorel tether
webbing had a strength of 10,903 N. Under the 2006
rule, the minimum strength for new webbing is
15,000 N. That rule did not change the 75 percent
strength retention requirement. As a frame of
reference, webbing that had a strength of 15,000 N
that retained 75 percent of its strength would have
a strength of 11,250 N. The Dorel tether webbing
had a strength, after exposure, of only 10,903 N.
PO 00000
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Sfmt 4703
DJG also stated that the abraded
webbing strength in its restraints, as
measured at 10,903 N, is far in excess
of the anchorage strength requirement
specified in FMVSS No. 225. However,
as noted in the preamble to the June
2006 final rule, the abrasion test is an
accelerated aging test that provides a
snapshot of the webbing over prolonged
exposure to environmental conditions.
The test does not replicate the lifetime
use of the webbing 6 and therefore the
webbing would have less strength after
further abrasion. If the webbing from a
child restraint lost a significant
percentage of its strength under the test,
there would be substantial questions
about its ability to perform as intended
over a long term use of the child
restraint. The high degradation rate of
the DJG webbing gives significant cause
for concern that the webbing could
abrade to the point where the webbing
strength is lower than the tether anchor
strength, providing for an unsafe
connection to the vehicle.
Finally, DJG stated that a minimum
abraded breaking strength should be
specified in the standard. Advocates
expressed a similar concern, stating in
its comment that NHTSA should
establish an absolute webbing strength
requirement for unabraded webbing, as
well as a minimum numerical breaking
strength requirement for webbing that
has been subjected to abrasion.7 NHTSA
agreed with both Dorel and Advocates
and, following the submission of these
petitions, published a proposal to revise
the standard. The final rule reaffirmed
that retaining control over material
degradation rates is critical to ensure
sufficient webbing strength over time.8
In summary, the DJG webbing met
only 55 percent of the original webbing
breaking strength in the abrasion test.
Such substantial (almost 50 percent)
degradation in strength,
notwithstanding the original webbing
strength, indicates that the webbing
could not be relied upon to provide
adequate strength for the life of the
restraint.
In consideration of the foregoing,
NHTSA has decided that DJG has not
met its burden of persuasion that the
noncompliance it describes is
inconsequential to motor vehicle safety.
Accordingly, DJG’s application is hereby
denied. DJG must fulfill its obligation to
notify and remedy under 49 U.S.C.
30118(d) and 30120(h).
6 71
FR 32859, June 7, 2006.
made no recommendation either to
grant or to deny the petition.
8 71 FR 32855–860, June 7, 2006.
7 Advocates
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Federal Register / Vol. 73, No. 139 / Friday, July 18, 2008 / Notices
Light Exposure Petition Summary
The noncompliant harness webbing
was identified as gray Wellington style
#N2216E1–917, lots numbered 2063F,
2100F, and 2140D, manufactured from
March 15, 2002 through August 1, 2002.
FMVSS No. 213, S5.4.1(b) requires that
the webbing of belts provided with a
child restraint system meet the
requirements of S4.2(e) of FMVSS No.
209. FMVSS No. 209, S4.2(e), requires a
breaking strength of not less than 60
percent of the strength before exposure
to a carbon arc light when tested by the
procedure specified in S5.1(e) of
FMVSS No. 209. Following the carbon
arc exposure test, the DJG harness
webbing retained only 37 percent of the
original webbing breaking strength
(from 12,371 N to 4,539 N).
DJG pointed out that testing at
Veridian 9 (simulating a 30 mph (48 km/
h) crash condition) showed a dynamic
load of between 846 N and 1,433 N. DJG
asserted that its light-exposed harness
webbing breaking strength of 4,539 N far
exceeded these dynamic loads. DJG
argued that without a minimum
breaking strength requirement, other
webbing with a much lower initial
breaking strength could comply with the
standard at a much lower breaking
strength than the DJG’s 4,539 N, as long
as it retained 60 percent of the original
webbing strength. DJG commented that
while its webbing, which was made of
nylon fabrics, was noncompliant when
exposed to carbon arc light filtered by
a Corex-D filter (tested according to the
standard’s requirements), the webbing
was compliant when exposed to carbon
arc light filtered by a soda-lime glass
filter (specified by the standard for use
only for polyester fabrics). DJG also
commented that because the standard
relies on carbon arc light for resistance
to light testing, the method is obsolete.
DJG stated in Exhibit 7 to its petition
that after being subjected to a xenon arc
lamp for 300 hours the webbing retained
93.5 percent of its initial breaking
strength. Therefore, DJG argued that the
noncompliance is inconsequential to
motor vehicle safety.
dwashington3 on PRODPC61 with NOTICES3
NHTSA Decision on Light Exposure
Petition
First, DJG asserted that its lightexposed harness webbing breaking
strength of 4,539 N far exceeds forces in
dynamic crash testing at 30 mph by a
factor of 3.1 to 6.8 times. NHTSA does
not find this persuasive. A 30 mile per
hour test is not indicative of the upper
limit of safety. The test conditions in
FMVSS No. 213 reflect the concern that
9 Veridian
is now known as Calspan.
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15:36 Jul 17, 2008
Jkt 214001
child restraints will withstand even the
most severe crashes.10 These are well
above 30 mph.11
DJG also asserted that under a
standard that lacks a specific minimum
strength requirement, manufacturers
could produce webbing with very low
after-exposure strength if the preexposure strength was also low. This
assertion is theoretical. The agency’s FY
2000 to FY 2002 available compliance
test data for harness webbing 12 showed
that the median strength after light
exposure was 10,636 N, and that the
median exposed/original webbing
strength ratio was 10,636 N/12,594 N or
84 percent, both of which are far
superior to DJG’s webbing strength after
light exposure of only 4539 N and
strength ratio of 37%.13 In order to
prevent manufacturers from producing
harness webbing with low strengths
before and after light exposure, NHTSA
established minimum breaking strengths
in the June 2006 final rule.
DJG provided test data for its nylon
webbing filtered by a soda-lime glass
filter. However, the standard specifies
that webbing made of nylon fabrics, as
in this case, be tested using the CorexD filter. The soda-lime glass filter is
appropriate only for polyester webbing.
Therefore, the DJG compliant data was
based on testing using an inappropriate
light filter, and was not conducted
according to FMVSS No. 213
requirements.
Finally, DJG did not substantiate its
statement that carbon arc testing is
obsolete for testing child restraint
webbing materials. NHTSA believes that
the test results obtained by the carbon
arc test method are an appropriate
reflection of the strength capabilities of
DJG’s webbing. While NHTSA has
decided to use a xenon arc lamp for
weathering tests of glazing materials
under FMVSS No. 205, ‘‘Glazing
materials,’’ 14 the conclusion in that
rulemaking does not mean that the
carbon arc is not indicative of the
sunlight spectral power distribution or
that it produces invalid weathering
results for webbing materials.
In summary, the DJG harness webbing
met only 37 percent of the original
webbing breaking strength when tested
according to the standard with a CorexFR 17970, April 30, 1990.
forces in a crash increase exponentially as
velocity increases.
12 70 FR 37734, June 30, 2005; Docket NHTSA–
2005–21243–0002.
13 Of the 109 samples from the FY 2000 to FY
2002 compliance data, only the DJG (Cosco) harness
webbing failed to meet the current 60 percent of
original strength requirement after exposure to
light.
14 68 FR 43964, July 25, 2003.
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10 55
11 The
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41399
D filter. Such a rapid (over 60 percent)
strength degradation is an indication of
a quality control problem for that
webbing and signals the distinct
probability that the webbing strength
would be insufficient throughout its
use.15
In consideration of the foregoing,
NHTSA has decided that DJG has not
met its burden of persuasion that the
noncompliance it describes is
inconsequential to motor vehicle safety.
Accordingly, DJG’s application is hereby
denied. DJG must fulfill its obligation to
notify and remedy under 49 U.S.C.
30118(d) and 30120(h).
Authority: 49 U.S.C 30118(d) and
30120(h); delegations of authority at 49 CFR
1.50 and 49 CFR 501.8
Issued on: July 14, 2008.
Stephen R. Kratzke,
Associate Administrator for Rulemaking.
[FR Doc. E8–16431 Filed 7–17–08; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910–59–P
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Pipeline and Hazardous Materials
Safety Administration
Hazardous Materials: Meeting Future
Hazardous Materials Transportation
Safety Challenges
Pipeline and Hazardous
Materials Safety Administration
(PHMSA), DOT.
ACTION: Notice of public workshop—
‘‘Transporting Hazardous Materials
Safely—the Next 100 Years.’’
AGENCY:
SUMMARY: PHMSA is hosting a public
workshop to identify and discuss
strategies for meeting emerging
hazardous materials transportation
safety challenges, particularly in the
development of innovative safety
solutions that provide the Department of
Transportation, other federal agencies,
state agencies, the regulated community,
and emergency response organizations
with flexible tools to manage and reduce
safety risks. The workshop will provide
an opportunity for PHMSA and its
stakeholders to discuss the future
direction of the hazardous materials
transportation safety program, with a
focus on three broad themes: (1) Safety,
Risk Reduction, and Integrity
15 We note that following light exposure, the
Dorel harness webbing had a strength of 4539 N.
Under the 2006 rule, the minimum strength for new
webbing is 11,000 N. That rule did not change the
60 percent strength retention requirement. As a
frame of reference, webbing that had a strength of
11,000 N that retained 60 percent of its strength
would have a strength of 6,600 N. The Dorel tether
webbing had a strength, after exposure to light, of
only 4,539 N.
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Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 73, Number 139 (Friday, July 18, 2008)]
[Notices]
[Pages 41397-41399]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: E8-16431]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
Dorel Juvenile Group [Cosco] (DJG); Denial of Applications for
Determination of Inconsequential Noncompliance
Dorel Juvenile Group (DJG), of Columbus, Indiana, the parent
company manufacturing Cosco brand child restraints, determined that
certain tether webbing used on various child restraints (39 models and
3,957,826 units) failed the webbing strength requirements of S5.4.1(a)
of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) No. 213, ``Child
Restraint Systems''.\1\ DJG also determined that certain harness
webbing used on various child restraints (14 models and 54,400 units)
failed the webbing strength requirements of FMVSS No. 213, S5.4.1(b).
For each noncompliance, DJG filed an appropriate report pursuant to 49
CFR part 573, ``Defect and Noncompliance Reports.'' DJG also applied to
be exempted from the notification and remedy requirements of 49 U.S.C.
Chapter 301, ``Motor Vehicle Safety,'' on the basis that the
noncompliance in both situations is inconsequential to motor vehicle
safety.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Throughout this Notice, all references to FMVSS No. 213 are
based on the version of the standard in effect for the applicable
manufacturing dates of the noncompliant webbing.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notices of receipt of the applications were published on July 30,
2002 and December 3, 2002 in the Federal Register (67 FR 49387 and 67
FR 72025) with 30-day comment periods. In response to the first
petition, NHTSA received one comment from Advocates for Highway and
Auto Safety (Advocates) in support of establishing a minimum breaking
strength requirement (Docket No. NHTSA-2002-12479-2). NHTSA received no
comments in response to the second petition.
The noncompliant tether webbing used on Cosco child restraints
failed to meet the percent-of-strength
[[Page 41398]]
requirement of FMVSS No. 213 when subjected to the abrasion test. The
tether webbing retained only 55 percent of its new webbing strength; 75
percent was and is required by the standard. The noncompliant harness
webbing failed to meet the percent-of-strength requirement of FMVSS No.
213 when exposed to a carbon arc light. The harness webbing retained
only 37 percent of its new webbing strength; 60 percent was and is
required by the standard.
As indicated above, NHTSA's standards were based on retention of a
specified percentage of the original strength of the webbing. However,
there was no minimum strength requirement. These DJG petitions for
inconsequential noncompliance highlighted NHTSA's concern that the
standard could allow manufacturers to use low strength and potentially
unsafe webbing provided that the webbing retained most of its strength
following exposure to abrasion or light. At the time of receiving these
petitions, NHTSA had undertaken a rulemaking to consider whether to
amend FMVSS No. 213 to require a minimum breaking strength for webbing
to ensure that all child restraints being introduced into the market
would have adequate webbing strength to provide child safety protection
over their lifetimes. NHTSA postponed final determinations on these
petitions in order to obtain the benefit of public comments responding
to the proposed breaking strength requirements. In a rule published on
June 7, 2006 (71 FR 32855), NHTSA established minimum breaking strength
requirements.\2\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\2\ Under the final rule the webbing must meet both minimum
breaking strengths and percent-of-strength retention requirements to
be compliant with the Standard.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Abrasion Petition Summary
As part of the Agency's 2001 testing activities, NHTSA tested the
tether webbing used on DJG child restraints to the requirements in
FMVSS No. 213. FMVSS No. 213, S5.4.1(a) ``Performance requirements,''
requires that the webbing of belts provided with a child restraint
system, after being subjected to abrasion as specified in S5.1(d) or
S5.3(c) of FMVSS No. 209, ``Seat belt assemblies,'' have a breaking
strength of not less than 75 percent of the strength of the unabraded
webbing when tested in accordance with S5.1(b) of FMVSS No. 209.
Section 5.1(b) of FMVSS No. 209 requires that the median value of three
webbing samples meet the abrasion requirement.\3\ Following the
abrasion test, the DJG tether webbing retained only 55 percent of the
original webbing breaking strength (from 19,803 N to 10,903 N). The
noncompliant tether webbing was manufactured between January 2000 and
September 30, 2001. On July 11, 2001, as a result of its fiscal year
2001 testing, NHTSA notified DJG of a potential noncompliance regarding
DJG's tether webbing utilized for their tether assembly.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\3\ The 75 percent webbing reduction requirement is calculated
using median breaking strength values of abraded webbing (out of
three samples) and original (unabraded) webbing (out of three
samples).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
DJG determined that one of the tether webbing suppliers had
provided some webbing that did not meet the abrasion test requirements.
However, DJG contended that because its unabraded webbing strength was
high, noncompliance with the 75 percent abrasion strength requirement
of S5.4.1(a) of FMVSS No. 213 is inconsequential to motor vehicle
safety. DJG stated that its abraded strength of 10,903 N is far in
excess of the anchorage strength requirement specified in FMVSS No.
225, ``Child restraint anchorage systems.'' DJG also asserted that the
abraded webbing strength test procedure set forth in S5.4.1(a) of FMVSS
No. 213 is flawed, and that a minimum abraded breaking strength should
be specified. Therefore, DJG filed the petition claiming that the
noncompliance is inconsequential to motor vehicle safety.
NHTSA Decision on Abrasion Petition
As summarized above, DJG contended that because the unabraded
webbing strength was high, the noncompliance with the 75 percent
abrasion strength requirement was inconsequential to motor vehicle
safety. However, both the unabraded webbing strength and the
degradation rate requirements are important from a safety perspective,
as explained in the preamble to the June 2006 final rule.\4\ While DJG
focused on the unabraded strength of the webbing, it largely ignored
the high degradation rate of the webbing in the restraints covered by
its Part 573 report. This lack of breaking strength retention after
abrasion signals the distinct probability that the webbing strength
would be insufficient throughout a lifetime of use.\5\
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\4\ 71 FR 32856-858, June 7, 2006 (minimum breaking strength
requirement for new webbing); 71 FR 32858-859, June 7, 2006 (minimum
percent-of-strength requirement for exposed webbing).
\5\ We note that following abrasion, the Dorel tether webbing
had a strength of 10,903 N. Under the 2006 rule, the minimum
strength for new webbing is 15,000 N. That rule did not change the
75 percent strength retention requirement. As a frame of reference,
webbing that had a strength of 15,000 N that retained 75 percent of
its strength would have a strength of 11,250 N. The Dorel tether
webbing had a strength, after exposure, of only 10,903 N.
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DJG also stated that the abraded webbing strength in its
restraints, as measured at 10,903 N, is far in excess of the anchorage
strength requirement specified in FMVSS No. 225. However, as noted in
the preamble to the June 2006 final rule, the abrasion test is an
accelerated aging test that provides a snapshot of the webbing over
prolonged exposure to environmental conditions. The test does not
replicate the lifetime use of the webbing \6\ and therefore the webbing
would have less strength after further abrasion. If the webbing from a
child restraint lost a significant percentage of its strength under the
test, there would be substantial questions about its ability to perform
as intended over a long term use of the child restraint. The high
degradation rate of the DJG webbing gives significant cause for concern
that the webbing could abrade to the point where the webbing strength
is lower than the tether anchor strength, providing for an unsafe
connection to the vehicle.
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\6\ 71 FR 32859, June 7, 2006.
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Finally, DJG stated that a minimum abraded breaking strength should
be specified in the standard. Advocates expressed a similar concern,
stating in its comment that NHTSA should establish an absolute webbing
strength requirement for unabraded webbing, as well as a minimum
numerical breaking strength requirement for webbing that has been
subjected to abrasion.\7\ NHTSA agreed with both Dorel and Advocates
and, following the submission of these petitions, published a proposal
to revise the standard. The final rule reaffirmed that retaining
control over material degradation rates is critical to ensure
sufficient webbing strength over time.\8\
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\7\ Advocates made no recommendation either to grant or to deny
the petition.
\8\ 71 FR 32855-860, June 7, 2006.
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In summary, the DJG webbing met only 55 percent of the original
webbing breaking strength in the abrasion test. Such substantial
(almost 50 percent) degradation in strength, notwithstanding the
original webbing strength, indicates that the webbing could not be
relied upon to provide adequate strength for the life of the restraint.
In consideration of the foregoing, NHTSA has decided that DJG has
not met its burden of persuasion that the noncompliance it describes is
inconsequential to motor vehicle safety. Accordingly, DJG's application
is hereby denied. DJG must fulfill its obligation to notify and remedy
under 49 U.S.C. 30118(d) and 30120(h).
[[Page 41399]]
Light Exposure Petition Summary
The noncompliant harness webbing was identified as gray Wellington
style N2216E1-917, lots numbered 2063F, 2100F, and 2140D,
manufactured from March 15, 2002 through August 1, 2002. FMVSS No. 213,
S5.4.1(b) requires that the webbing of belts provided with a child
restraint system meet the requirements of S4.2(e) of FMVSS No. 209.
FMVSS No. 209, S4.2(e), requires a breaking strength of not less than
60 percent of the strength before exposure to a carbon arc light when
tested by the procedure specified in S5.1(e) of FMVSS No. 209.
Following the carbon arc exposure test, the DJG harness webbing
retained only 37 percent of the original webbing breaking strength
(from 12,371 N to 4,539 N).
DJG pointed out that testing at Veridian \9\ (simulating a 30 mph
(48 km/h) crash condition) showed a dynamic load of between 846 N and
1,433 N. DJG asserted that its light-exposed harness webbing breaking
strength of 4,539 N far exceeded these dynamic loads. DJG argued that
without a minimum breaking strength requirement, other webbing with a
much lower initial breaking strength could comply with the standard at
a much lower breaking strength than the DJG's 4,539 N, as long as it
retained 60 percent of the original webbing strength. DJG commented
that while its webbing, which was made of nylon fabrics, was
noncompliant when exposed to carbon arc light filtered by a Corex-D
filter (tested according to the standard's requirements), the webbing
was compliant when exposed to carbon arc light filtered by a soda-lime
glass filter (specified by the standard for use only for polyester
fabrics). DJG also commented that because the standard relies on carbon
arc light for resistance to light testing, the method is obsolete. DJG
stated in Exhibit 7 to its petition that after being subjected to a
xenon arc lamp for 300 hours the webbing retained 93.5 percent of its
initial breaking strength. Therefore, DJG argued that the noncompliance
is inconsequential to motor vehicle safety.
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\9\ Veridian is now known as Calspan.
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NHTSA Decision on Light Exposure Petition
First, DJG asserted that its light-exposed harness webbing breaking
strength of 4,539 N far exceeds forces in dynamic crash testing at 30
mph by a factor of 3.1 to 6.8 times. NHTSA does not find this
persuasive. A 30 mile per hour test is not indicative of the upper
limit of safety. The test conditions in FMVSS No. 213 reflect the
concern that child restraints will withstand even the most severe
crashes.\10\ These are well above 30 mph.\11\
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\10\ 55 FR 17970, April 30, 1990.
\11\ The forces in a crash increase exponentially as velocity
increases.
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DJG also asserted that under a standard that lacks a specific
minimum strength requirement, manufacturers could produce webbing with
very low after-exposure strength if the pre-exposure strength was also
low. This assertion is theoretical. The agency's FY 2000 to FY 2002
available compliance test data for harness webbing \12\ showed that the
median strength after light exposure was 10,636 N, and that the median
exposed/original webbing strength ratio was 10,636 N/12,594 N or 84
percent, both of which are far superior to DJG's webbing strength after
light exposure of only 4539 N and strength ratio of 37%.\13\ In order
to prevent manufacturers from producing harness webbing with low
strengths before and after light exposure, NHTSA established minimum
breaking strengths in the June 2006 final rule.
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\12\ 70 FR 37734, June 30, 2005; Docket NHTSA-2005-21243-0002.
\13\ Of the 109 samples from the FY 2000 to FY 2002 compliance
data, only the DJG (Cosco) harness webbing failed to meet the
current 60 percent of original strength requirement after exposure
to light.
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DJG provided test data for its nylon webbing filtered by a soda-
lime glass filter. However, the standard specifies that webbing made of
nylon fabrics, as in this case, be tested using the Corex-D filter. The
soda-lime glass filter is appropriate only for polyester webbing.
Therefore, the DJG compliant data was based on testing using an
inappropriate light filter, and was not conducted according to FMVSS
No. 213 requirements.
Finally, DJG did not substantiate its statement that carbon arc
testing is obsolete for testing child restraint webbing materials.
NHTSA believes that the test results obtained by the carbon arc test
method are an appropriate reflection of the strength capabilities of
DJG's webbing. While NHTSA has decided to use a xenon arc lamp for
weathering tests of glazing materials under FMVSS No. 205, ``Glazing
materials,'' \14\ the conclusion in that rulemaking does not mean that
the carbon arc is not indicative of the sunlight spectral power
distribution or that it produces invalid weathering results for webbing
materials.
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\14\ 68 FR 43964, July 25, 2003.
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In summary, the DJG harness webbing met only 37 percent of the
original webbing breaking strength when tested according to the
standard with a Corex-D filter. Such a rapid (over 60 percent) strength
degradation is an indication of a quality control problem for that
webbing and signals the distinct probability that the webbing strength
would be insufficient throughout its use.\15\
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\15\ We note that following light exposure, the Dorel harness
webbing had a strength of 4539 N. Under the 2006 rule, the minimum
strength for new webbing is 11,000 N. That rule did not change the
60 percent strength retention requirement. As a frame of reference,
webbing that had a strength of 11,000 N that retained 60 percent of
its strength would have a strength of 6,600 N. The Dorel tether
webbing had a strength, after exposure to light, of only 4,539 N.
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In consideration of the foregoing, NHTSA has decided that DJG has
not met its burden of persuasion that the noncompliance it describes is
inconsequential to motor vehicle safety. Accordingly, DJG's application
is hereby denied. DJG must fulfill its obligation to notify and remedy
under 49 U.S.C. 30118(d) and 30120(h).
Authority: 49 U.S.C 30118(d) and 30120(h); delegations of
authority at 49 CFR 1.50 and 49 CFR 501.8
Issued on: July 14, 2008.
Stephen R. Kratzke,
Associate Administrator for Rulemaking.
[FR Doc. E8-16431 Filed 7-17-08; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910-59-P