Self-Regulatory Organizations; The Fixed Income Clearing Corporation; Order Approving Proposed Rule Change as Amended To Resume Interbank Clearing for the GCF Repo Service, 20999-21001 [E8-8233]
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Federal Register / Vol. 73, No. 75 / Thursday, April 17, 2008 / Notices
the Commission’s Public Reference
Room, 100 F Street, NE., Washington,
DC 20549, on official business days
between the hours of 10 a.m. and 3 p.m.
Copies of such filing also will be
available for inspection and copying at
the principal office of the Exchange. All
comments received will be posted
without change; the Commission does
not edit personal identifying
information from submissions. You
should submit only information that
you wish to make available publicly. All
submissions should refer to File
Number SR–NYSEArca–2008–41 and
should be submitted on or before May
8, 2008.
IV. Solicitation of Comments
Interested persons are invited to
submit written data, views, and
arguments concerning the foregoing,
including whether the proposed rule
change is consistent with the Act.
Comments may be submitted by any of
the following methods:
For the Commission, by the Division of
Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated
authority.23
Nancy M. Morris,
Secretary.
[FR Doc. E8–8276 Filed 4–16–08; 8:45 am]
Electronic Comments
• Use the Commission’s Internet
comment form (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml); or
• Send an e-mail to rulecomments@sec.gov. Please include File
Number SR–NYSEArca–2008–41 on the
subject line.
sroberts on PROD1PC64 with NOTICES
appear to present any novel regulatory
issues. In addition, waiving the 30-day
operative delay ensures that the
Exchange’s obvious error rule conforms
to the Options Intermarket Linkage Plan
without delay. Therefore, the
Commission designates the proposal
operative upon filing.22
At any time within 60 days of the
filing of the proposed rule change, the
Commission may summarily abrogate
such rule change if it appears to the
Commission that such action is
necessary or appropriate in the public
interest, for the protection of investors,
or otherwise in the furtherance of the
purposes of the Act.
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
Paper Comments
• Send paper comments in triplicate
to Nancy M. Morris, Secretary,
Securities and Exchange Commission,
100 F Street, NE., Washington, DC
20549–1090.
All submissions should refer to File
Number SR–NYSEArca–2008–41. This
file number should be included on the
subject line if e-mail is used. To help the
Commission process and review your
comments more efficiently, please use
only one method. The Commission will
post all comments on the Commission’s
Internet Web site (https://www.sec.gov/
rules/sro.shtml). Copies of the
submission, all subsequent
amendments, all written statements
with respect to the proposed rule
change that are filed with the
Commission, and all written
communications relating to the
proposed rule change between the
Commission and any person, other than
those that may be withheld from the
public in accordance with the
provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be
available for inspection and copying in
BILLING CODE 8010–01–P
Release No. 34–57652; File No. SR–FICC–
2007–08]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; The
Fixed Income Clearing Corporation;
Order Approving Proposed Rule
Change as Amended To Resume
Interbank Clearing for the GCF Repo
Service
April 11, 2008.
I. Introduction
On July 11, 2007, the Fixed Income
Clearing Corporation (‘‘FICC’’) filed
with the Securities and Exchange
Commission (‘‘Commission’’) proposed
rule change SR–FICC–2007–08 pursuant
to Section 19(b)(1) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 (‘‘Act’’).1 On
August 28, 2007, the Commission
published notice of the proposed rule
change to solicit comments from
interested parties.2 On January 22, 2008,
FICC amended the proposed rule
change. On February 12, 2008, the
Commission published notice of the
amended proposed rule change to solicit
comments from interested parties.3 The
Commission received no comment
letters in response to the proposed rule
change as originally filed or as
amended. For the reasons discussed
23 17
22 For
purposes only of waiving the operative
delay of this proposal, the Commission has
considered the proposed rule’s impact on
efficiency, competition, and capital formation. 15
U.S.C. 78c(f).
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17:08 Apr 16, 2008
Jkt 214001
CFR 200.30–3(a)(12).
U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
2 Securities Exchange Act Release No. 56303
(August 22, 2007), 72 FR 49339.
3 Securities Exchange Act Release No. 57281
(February 6, 2008), 73 FR 8081.
1 15
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Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
20999
below, the Commission is approving the
proposed rule change.
II. Description
1. Background
The GCF Repo service allows FICC
Government Securities Division
(‘‘GSD’’) dealer members to trade GCF
Repos throughout the day with interdealer broker netting members
(‘‘brokers’’) on a blind basis without
requiring intraday, trade-for-trade
settlement on a delivery-versus-payment
(‘‘DVP’’) basis. Standardized, generic
CUSIP numbers have been established
exclusively for GCF Repo processing
and are used to specify the acceptable
type of underlying Fedwire book-entry
eligible collateral, which includes
Treasuries, Agencies, and certain
mortgage-backed securities.
The GCF Repo service was developed
as part of a collaborative effort among
FICC’s predecessor, the Government
Securities Clearing Corporation
(‘‘GSCC’’), its two clearing banks, The
Bank of New York (‘‘BNY’’) and The
Chase Manhattan Bank, now JP Morgan
Chase Bank, National Association
(‘‘Chase’’), and industry
representatives.4 GSCC introduced the
GCF Repo service on an intraclearing
bank basis in 1998.5 Under the
intrabank service, dealer members could
only engage in GCF Repo transactions
with other dealers that cleared at the
same clearing bank.
In 1999, GSCC expanded the GCF
Repo service to permit dealer members
to engage in GCF Repo trading on an
interclearing bank basis, which allowed
dealers using different clearing banks to
enter into GCF Repo transactions on a
blind brokered basis.6 Because dealer
members that participated in the GCF
Repo service did not, and still do not,
all clear at the same clearing bank,
expanding the service to an
interclearing bank basis necessitated the
establishment of a mechanism to permit
after-hours movements of securities
between the two clearing banks to
address the situation where GSCC had
an unbalanced net GCF securities
positions and unbalanced net cash
positions at each clearing bank at the
end of each day. (In other words, where
4 BNY and Chase remain the two clearing banks
approved by FICC to provide GCF Repo settlement
services. In the future, other banks that FICC in its
sole discretion determines meet its requirements
may be approved to provide GCF Repo settlement
services.
5 Securities Exchange Act Release No. 40623
(October 30, 1998), 63 FR 59831 (November 5, 1998)
(SR–GSCC–98–02).
6 Securities Exchange Act Release No. 41303
(April 16, 1999), 64 FR 20346 (April 26, 1999) (SR–
GSCC–99–01).
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17APN1
21000
Federal Register / Vol. 73, No. 75 / Thursday, April 17, 2008 / Notices
at the end of GCF Repo processing each
business day, the dealers at one clearing
bank would be net funds borrowers
while the dealers at the other clearing
bank would be net funds lenders). To
address this issue, GSCC and its clearing
banks established a legal mechanism by
which securities would ‘‘move’’ across
the clearing banks without the use of the
securities Fedwire.7 At the end of the
day after the GCF Repo net results were
produced, securities were pledged using
a tri-party-like mechanism, and the
interbank cash component was moved
through the cash Fedwire. In the
morning, the pledges were unwound
with the funds being returned to the net
funds lenders and the securities being
returned to the net funds borrowers.
However, as use of the service
increased, certain payment systems risk
issues arose in connection to the
interbank funds settlements. In 2003,
FICC shifted the service back to an
intrabank status to enable it to study the
risk issues presented and to devise a
satisfactory solution to those issues in
order that it could bring the service back
to interbank status.8
sroberts on PROD1PC64 with NOTICES
2. Proposal
FICC is now seeking to return the GCF
Repo service to an interbank status.
FICC will address the risk issues raised
by the interbank funds movement by
placing a security interest on a dealer’s
‘‘net free equity’’ (‘‘NFE’’) at its clearing
bank to collateralize its GCF Repo cash
obligation to FICC on an intraday basis
and by making changes with respect to
the morning ‘‘unwind’’ period.9 No
changes are being made with respect to
the procedures used for after-hours
movement of securities, which
procedures were used when the
interbank service was first introduced.
Specifically, the interbank funds
payment will not move during the GCF
Repo morning unwind process. In lieu
of making funds payments, each
interbank dealer (‘‘Interbank Pledging
Member’’) at the GCF net funds
borrower bank will grant to FICC a
security interest in its NFE-Related
Collateral in an amount equal to its pro
rata share of the total interbank funds
7 Movements of cash did not present the same
need because the cash Fedwire is open later than
the securities Fedwire.
8 Securities Exchange Act Release No. 48006
(June 10, 2003), 68 FR 35745 (June 16, 2003) (SR–
FICC–2003–04).
9 NFE is a methodology that clearing banks use to
determine whether an account holder, such as a
dealer, has sufficient collateral to enter a specific
transaction. NFE allows the clearing bank to place
a limit on its customer’s activity by calculating the
value of the account holder’s balances at the bank.
Account holders have the ability to monitor their
NFE balance throughout the day.
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17:08 Apr 16, 2008
Jkt 214001
debit (‘‘Prorated Interbank Cash
Amount’’).10 FICC’s lien on this
collateral will be pari passu to any lien
created by the dealer in favor of the
relevant GCF clearing bank.
FICC will in turn grant to the GCF net
funds lender bank, which was due to
receive funds, a security interest in the
NFE-Related Collateral to support the
debit in FICC’s account at the net funds
lender bank. The debit in FICC’s
account (‘‘Interbank Cash Amount
Debit’’) is the amount of the funds the
lending dealers are due to receive in the
morning as a prerequisite to their
release of GCF collateral. The clearing
banks will agree to manage the collateral
value of the NFE-Related Collateral as
they do today.
The debit in the FICC account at the
GCF net funds lender bank will be
satisfied during the end of day GCF
settlement process. Specifically, that
day’s new activity will yield a new
interbank funds amount to move at end
of day; however, this new interbank
funds amount will be netted with the
amount that was due in the morning to
reduce the interbank funds movement.
The NFE security interest will be
released when the interbank funds
movement is made at end of day.
As described above, FICC will have a
security interest in the dealers’ NFERelated Collateral on an intraday basis.
In the unlikely event of an intraday GCF
Repo participant default, FICC will need
to have the NFE-Related Collateral
liquidated in order to have use of the
proceeds. FICC will enter into an
agreement with each of the clearing
banks whereby each bank will agree to
liquidate the NFE-Related Collateral
both for itself as well as on behalf of
FICC. FICC and each bank will agree to
share pro rata in the liquidation
proceeds.
Due to the nature of the various assets
that may be part of a particular dealer’s
NFE-Related Collateral and market
conditions, liquidation of the NFERelated Collateral might take longer
than one day, which is GSD’s typical
collateral liquidation time frame, to be
completed. Therefore, FICC will
establish standby liquidity facilities or
other financing arrangements with each
of the clearing banks to be invoked as
needed in the event of the default of an
interbank pledging member and the
subsequent liquidation of its NFERelated Collateral.
FICC will impose a collateral
premium (‘‘GCF Premium Charge’’) on
the GCF Repo portion of the Clearing
Fund deposits of all GCF Repo
10 ‘‘NFE-Related Collateral’’ is the total amount of
collateral that a dealer has at its clearing bank.
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Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
participants to further protect FICC in
the event of an intraday default of a GCF
Repo participant. FICC will require GCF
Repo participants to submit a quarterly
‘‘snapshot’’ of their holdings by asset
type to enable FICC Risk Management
staff to determine the appropriate
Clearing Fund premium. Any GCF Repo
participant that does not submit this
required information by the deadlines
established by FICC will be subject to a
fine and an increased GCF Premium
Charge.
Because the NFE-Related Collateral is
held at the clearing banks and because
the clearing banks monitor the activity
of their dealer customers, FICC will
have the right, using its sole discretion,
to cease to act for a member that is a
GCF Repo participant in the event that
a clearing bank ceases to extend credit
to such member.
The proposal results in the need for
the following specific GSD rule changes.
1. The new terms referred to above
(GCF Premium Charge, Interbank Cash
Amount Debit, Interbank Pledging
Member, NFE-Related Collateral, and
Prorated Interbank Cash Amount) will
be added to Rule 1 (Definitions). A new
term, ‘‘NFE-Related Account,’’ which is
referred to in the definition of ‘‘NFERelated Collateral,’’ will also be added.
2. Section 3 (Collateral Allocation) of
Rule 20 (Special Provisions for GCF
Repo Transactions), which governs the
GCF Repo collateral allocation process,
will be amended to reflect the new
process that will occur on the morning
of the unwind (to be referred to as the
morning of ‘‘Day 2’’ in the Rules).
3. Section 3 of Rule 20 will be further
amended to provide for the following:
(a) The granting of the security
interest in the NFE-Related Collateral to
FICC by the dealers;
(b) The granting of authority for FICC
to provide instructions to the clearing
banks regarding the NFE-Related
Collateral of the dealers;
(c) The granting of the security
interest in the NFE-Related Collateral to
the clearing banks by FICC; and
(d) FICC’s right to enter into
agreements with the clearing banks
regarding the collateral management of
the NFE-Related Collateral, the
liquidation of the NFE-Related
Collateral, and the standby liquidity
facilities or other financing
arrangements.
4. Rule 4 (Clearing Fund, Watch List,
and Loss Allocation) will be amended to
provide for the GCF Premium Charge
that will be imposed on GCF Repo
participants. Rule 3 (Ongoing
Membership Requirements) will be
amended to include the quarterly NFE
reporting requirement which, if not
E:\FR\FM\17APN1.SGM
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Federal Register / Vol. 73, No. 75 / Thursday, April 17, 2008 / Notices
followed timely by the members, will
result in fines and GCF Premium
Charge.
5. Rules 21 (Restrictions on Access to
Services) and 22 (Insolvency of a
Member) will be amended to provide
that FICC may in its sole discretion
cease to act for a member in the event
that the member’s clearing bank has
ceased to extend credit to the member.
6. The schedule of GCF time frames
will be amended to reflect technical
changes.
sroberts on PROD1PC64 with NOTICES
III. The Amendment
The amendment to the proposed rule
change addresses the situation where
FICC becomes concerned about the
volume of interbank GCF Repo activity.
For example, such a concern might arise
if market events were to cause dealers
to turn to the GCF Repo service for
funding above normal levels. In order to
protect itself and its members, FICC
believes it is important to have the
discretion to institute risk mitigation
and appropriate disincentive measures
in order to bring GCF Repo levels down
to a level which it believes to be
prudent from a risk management
perspective.
Specifically, the amendment
introduces the term ‘‘GCF Repo Event,’’
which will be declared by FICC if either
of the following occurs: (1) The GCF
interbank funds amount exceeds five
times the average interbank funds
amount over the previous ninety days
for three consecutive days 11 or (2) the
GCF interbank funds amount exceeds
fifty percent of the amount of GCF Repo
collateral pledged for three consecutive
days.12 FICC will review the Repo Event
triggering levels on a semi-annual basis
to determine whether they remain
adequate.13 FICC will also have the right
to declare a GCF Repo Event in any
other circumstances where in its sole
discretion it is concerned about GCF
Repo volumes and believes it is
necessary to declare a Repo Event in
order to protect itself and its members.14
11 For example, assume that the average interbank
funds amount over the previous ninety days is $11
billion. FICC would declare a GCF Repo Event if the
interbank funds amount exceeds $55 billion over
three consecutive days.
12 For example, assume that on Monday the total
amount of GCF Repo collateral pledged was $86.8
billion and that the interbank funds amount was
$11 billion. The interbank funds amount is 12.7
percent of the daily pledged amount. FICC would
declare a GCF Repo Event if the overall pledged
amount stayed at $86.6 billion and if the interbank
amount exceeded $43.3 billion for three
consecutive days.
13 To change the Repo Event triggering levels,
FICC is required to submit a proposed rule change
to the Commission.
14 For example, FICC may determine it is prudent
to declare a GCF Repo Event if one of the specified
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The declaration of a GCF Repo Event
will trigger the imposition of risk
mitigation and disincentive measures.
These measures will be imposed each
day during the GCF Repo Event, and
they will be imposed on each day’s GCF
net funds borrowers whose aggregate
GCF net short position exceeds a certain
threshold.15
Specifically, FICC will establish a
‘‘GCF Repo Event Parameter,’’ which
will be a certain percentage of each
dealer’s average GCF Repo net short
settlement amount during a one-month
look-back period. FICC is establishing
140 percent as the maximum percentage
for the GCF Repo Event Parameter, and
FICC will have the discretion to reduce
this percentage during a GCF Repo
Event if it believes in its sole discretion
that the maximum percentage is not
adequately addressing the particular
event. Any GCF Repo net short
settlement amount that exceeds the GCF
Repo Event Parameter will be subject to
a ‘‘GCF Repo Event Clearing Fund
Premium’’ and a ‘‘GCF Repo Event Carry
Charge.’’
FICC will set 12% as the minimum
percentage on which the GCF Repo
Event Clearing Fund Premium will be
based and 50 basis points as the
minimum on which the GCF Repo Event
Carry Charge will be based.16 FICC will
have the discretion to increase these
amounts during a GCF Repo Event if
FICC believes in its sole discretion that
the minimums are not adequately
addressing the particular GCF Repo
Event.
FICC will retain the right to waive
imposition of the GCF Repo Event
Clearing Fund Premium and the GCF
Repo Event Carry Charge if FICC
determines, in its sole discretion based
events noted above occurs for less than three
consecutive days.
15 FICC will inform its members about the
declaration of a GCF Repo Event by issuing an
Important Notice. The Important Notice will, among
other things, inform members of the
implementation date of the measures. FICC will
also inform the Commission about the declaration
of the Event. The GCF Repo Event will last until
FICC notifies its members that the Event has ended.
16 For example, assume that FICC has declared a
GCF Repo Event, and on the day of implementation
of the protective measures, Dealer A’s average net
short settlement amount is $1 billion. This means
that Dealer A’s GCF Repo Event Parameter is $1.4
billion. On the day of implementation of the
protective measures, Dealer A’s net settlement
amount is $1.9 billion, so the measures will be
applied to $500 million (i.e., $1.9 billion minus $1.4
billion). If the percentage for the GCF Repo Event
Collateral Premium is 12 percent and the GCF Repo
Event Carry Charge is 50 basis points, Dealer A will
pay a GCF Repo Event Clearing Fund Premium of
$60 million and a GCF Repo Event Carry Charge of
$6,944.44 on the day of implementation. On each
succeeding day that the GCF Repo Event remains
in effect, FICC will reevaluate Dealer A’s net
settlement position.
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Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
21001
on monitoring against the GCF Repo
Event Parameters, that these measures
are not necessary to protect FICC and its
members.
IV. Discussion
Section 19(b) of the Act directs the
Commission to approve a proposed rule
change of a self-regulatory organization
if it finds that such proposed rule
change is consistent with the
requirements of the Act and the rules
and regulations thereunder applicable to
such organization. Section 17A(b)(3)(F)
of the Act requires that the rules of a
clearing agency be designed to promote
the prompt and accurate clearance and
settlement of securities transactions.17
The Commission believes that FICC’s
proposed rule change is consistent with
this Section because it should facilitate
the prompt and accurate clearance and
settlement of securities by allowing GCF
Repo participants to expand their use of
the GCF Repo service to include GCF
Repos done with dealers that clear at a
different clearing bank. The
Commission also believes that FICC’s
proposed rule change is consistent with
the requirements of Section 17A(b)(3)(F)
because FICC has designed the
interclearing bank procedures,
including the risk monitoring and risk
mitigation measures, in such a way that
they should help assure the
safeguarding of securities and funds
which are in the custody or control of
FICC or for which FICC is responsible.
V. Conclusion
On the basis of the foregoing, the
Commission finds that the proposed
rule change is consistent with the
requirements of the Act and in
particular Section 17A of the Act and
the rules and regulations thereunder. In
approving the proposed rule change, the
Commission considered the proposal’s
impact on efficiency, competition and
capital formation.18
It is therefore ordered, pursuant to
Section 19(b)(2) of the Act, that the
proposed rule change (File No. SR–
FICC–2007–08), as amended, be and
hereby is approved.
For the Commission by the Division of
Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated
authority.19
Florence E. Harmon,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. E8–8233 Filed 4–16–08; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8010–01–P
17 15
U.S.C. 78q–1(b)(3)(F).
U.S.C. 78c(f).
19 17 CFR 200.30–3(a)(12).
18 15
E:\FR\FM\17APN1.SGM
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Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 73, Number 75 (Thursday, April 17, 2008)]
[Notices]
[Pages 20999-21001]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: E8-8233]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Release No. 34-57652; File No. SR-FICC-2007-08]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; The Fixed Income Clearing
Corporation; Order Approving Proposed Rule Change as Amended To Resume
Interbank Clearing for the GCF Repo Service
April 11, 2008.
I. Introduction
On July 11, 2007, the Fixed Income Clearing Corporation (``FICC'')
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (``Commission'')
proposed rule change SR-FICC-2007-08 pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (``Act'').\1\ On August 28, 2007,
the Commission published notice of the proposed rule change to solicit
comments from interested parties.\2\ On January 22, 2008, FICC amended
the proposed rule change. On February 12, 2008, the Commission
published notice of the amended proposed rule change to solicit
comments from interested parties.\3\ The Commission received no comment
letters in response to the proposed rule change as originally filed or
as amended. For the reasons discussed below, the Commission is
approving the proposed rule change.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
\2\ Securities Exchange Act Release No. 56303 (August 22, 2007),
72 FR 49339.
\3\ Securities Exchange Act Release No. 57281 (February 6,
2008), 73 FR 8081.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
II. Description
1. Background
The GCF Repo service allows FICC Government Securities Division
(``GSD'') dealer members to trade GCF Repos throughout the day with
inter-dealer broker netting members (``brokers'') on a blind basis
without requiring intraday, trade-for-trade settlement on a delivery-
versus-payment (``DVP'') basis. Standardized, generic CUSIP numbers
have been established exclusively for GCF Repo processing and are used
to specify the acceptable type of underlying Fedwire book-entry
eligible collateral, which includes Treasuries, Agencies, and certain
mortgage-backed securities.
The GCF Repo service was developed as part of a collaborative
effort among FICC's predecessor, the Government Securities Clearing
Corporation (``GSCC''), its two clearing banks, The Bank of New York
(``BNY'') and The Chase Manhattan Bank, now JP Morgan Chase Bank,
National Association (``Chase''), and industry representatives.\4\ GSCC
introduced the GCF Repo service on an intraclearing bank basis in
1998.\5\ Under the intrabank service, dealer members could only engage
in GCF Repo transactions with other dealers that cleared at the same
clearing bank.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\4\ BNY and Chase remain the two clearing banks approved by FICC
to provide GCF Repo settlement services. In the future, other banks
that FICC in its sole discretion determines meet its requirements
may be approved to provide GCF Repo settlement services.
\5\ Securities Exchange Act Release No. 40623 (October 30,
1998), 63 FR 59831 (November 5, 1998) (SR-GSCC-98-02).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
In 1999, GSCC expanded the GCF Repo service to permit dealer
members to engage in GCF Repo trading on an interclearing bank basis,
which allowed dealers using different clearing banks to enter into GCF
Repo transactions on a blind brokered basis.\6\ Because dealer members
that participated in the GCF Repo service did not, and still do not,
all clear at the same clearing bank, expanding the service to an
interclearing bank basis necessitated the establishment of a mechanism
to permit after-hours movements of securities between the two clearing
banks to address the situation where GSCC had an unbalanced net GCF
securities positions and unbalanced net cash positions at each clearing
bank at the end of each day. (In other words, where
[[Page 21000]]
at the end of GCF Repo processing each business day, the dealers at one
clearing bank would be net funds borrowers while the dealers at the
other clearing bank would be net funds lenders). To address this issue,
GSCC and its clearing banks established a legal mechanism by which
securities would ``move'' across the clearing banks without the use of
the securities Fedwire.\7\ At the end of the day after the GCF Repo net
results were produced, securities were pledged using a tri-party-like
mechanism, and the interbank cash component was moved through the cash
Fedwire. In the morning, the pledges were unwound with the funds being
returned to the net funds lenders and the securities being returned to
the net funds borrowers.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\6\ Securities Exchange Act Release No. 41303 (April 16, 1999),
64 FR 20346 (April 26, 1999) (SR-GSCC-99-01).
\7\ Movements of cash did not present the same need because the
cash Fedwire is open later than the securities Fedwire.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
However, as use of the service increased, certain payment systems
risk issues arose in connection to the interbank funds settlements. In
2003, FICC shifted the service back to an intrabank status to enable it
to study the risk issues presented and to devise a satisfactory
solution to those issues in order that it could bring the service back
to interbank status.\8\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\8\ Securities Exchange Act Release No. 48006 (June 10, 2003),
68 FR 35745 (June 16, 2003) (SR-FICC-2003-04).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. Proposal
FICC is now seeking to return the GCF Repo service to an interbank
status. FICC will address the risk issues raised by the interbank funds
movement by placing a security interest on a dealer's ``net free
equity'' (``NFE'') at its clearing bank to collateralize its GCF Repo
cash obligation to FICC on an intraday basis and by making changes with
respect to the morning ``unwind'' period.\9\ No changes are being made
with respect to the procedures used for after-hours movement of
securities, which procedures were used when the interbank service was
first introduced.
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\9\ NFE is a methodology that clearing banks use to determine
whether an account holder, such as a dealer, has sufficient
collateral to enter a specific transaction. NFE allows the clearing
bank to place a limit on its customer's activity by calculating the
value of the account holder's balances at the bank. Account holders
have the ability to monitor their NFE balance throughout the day.
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Specifically, the interbank funds payment will not move during the
GCF Repo morning unwind process. In lieu of making funds payments, each
interbank dealer (``Interbank Pledging Member'') at the GCF net funds
borrower bank will grant to FICC a security interest in its NFE-Related
Collateral in an amount equal to its pro rata share of the total
interbank funds debit (``Prorated Interbank Cash Amount'').\10\ FICC's
lien on this collateral will be pari passu to any lien created by the
dealer in favor of the relevant GCF clearing bank.
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\10\ ``NFE-Related Collateral'' is the total amount of
collateral that a dealer has at its clearing bank.
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FICC will in turn grant to the GCF net funds lender bank, which was
due to receive funds, a security interest in the NFE-Related Collateral
to support the debit in FICC's account at the net funds lender bank.
The debit in FICC's account (``Interbank Cash Amount Debit'') is the
amount of the funds the lending dealers are due to receive in the
morning as a prerequisite to their release of GCF collateral. The
clearing banks will agree to manage the collateral value of the NFE-
Related Collateral as they do today.
The debit in the FICC account at the GCF net funds lender bank will
be satisfied during the end of day GCF settlement process.
Specifically, that day's new activity will yield a new interbank funds
amount to move at end of day; however, this new interbank funds amount
will be netted with the amount that was due in the morning to reduce
the interbank funds movement. The NFE security interest will be
released when the interbank funds movement is made at end of day.
As described above, FICC will have a security interest in the
dealers' NFE-Related Collateral on an intraday basis. In the unlikely
event of an intraday GCF Repo participant default, FICC will need to
have the NFE-Related Collateral liquidated in order to have use of the
proceeds. FICC will enter into an agreement with each of the clearing
banks whereby each bank will agree to liquidate the NFE-Related
Collateral both for itself as well as on behalf of FICC. FICC and each
bank will agree to share pro rata in the liquidation proceeds.
Due to the nature of the various assets that may be part of a
particular dealer's NFE-Related Collateral and market conditions,
liquidation of the NFE-Related Collateral might take longer than one
day, which is GSD's typical collateral liquidation time frame, to be
completed. Therefore, FICC will establish standby liquidity facilities
or other financing arrangements with each of the clearing banks to be
invoked as needed in the event of the default of an interbank pledging
member and the subsequent liquidation of its NFE-Related Collateral.
FICC will impose a collateral premium (``GCF Premium Charge'') on
the GCF Repo portion of the Clearing Fund deposits of all GCF Repo
participants to further protect FICC in the event of an intraday
default of a GCF Repo participant. FICC will require GCF Repo
participants to submit a quarterly ``snapshot'' of their holdings by
asset type to enable FICC Risk Management staff to determine the
appropriate Clearing Fund premium. Any GCF Repo participant that does
not submit this required information by the deadlines established by
FICC will be subject to a fine and an increased GCF Premium Charge.
Because the NFE-Related Collateral is held at the clearing banks
and because the clearing banks monitor the activity of their dealer
customers, FICC will have the right, using its sole discretion, to
cease to act for a member that is a GCF Repo participant in the event
that a clearing bank ceases to extend credit to such member.
The proposal results in the need for the following specific GSD
rule changes.
1. The new terms referred to above (GCF Premium Charge, Interbank
Cash Amount Debit, Interbank Pledging Member, NFE-Related Collateral,
and Prorated Interbank Cash Amount) will be added to Rule 1
(Definitions). A new term, ``NFE-Related Account,'' which is referred
to in the definition of ``NFE-Related Collateral,'' will also be added.
2. Section 3 (Collateral Allocation) of Rule 20 (Special Provisions
for GCF Repo Transactions), which governs the GCF Repo collateral
allocation process, will be amended to reflect the new process that
will occur on the morning of the unwind (to be referred to as the
morning of ``Day 2'' in the Rules).
3. Section 3 of Rule 20 will be further amended to provide for the
following:
(a) The granting of the security interest in the NFE-Related
Collateral to FICC by the dealers;
(b) The granting of authority for FICC to provide instructions to
the clearing banks regarding the NFE-Related Collateral of the dealers;
(c) The granting of the security interest in the NFE-Related
Collateral to the clearing banks by FICC; and
(d) FICC's right to enter into agreements with the clearing banks
regarding the collateral management of the NFE-Related Collateral, the
liquidation of the NFE-Related Collateral, and the standby liquidity
facilities or other financing arrangements.
4. Rule 4 (Clearing Fund, Watch List, and Loss Allocation) will be
amended to provide for the GCF Premium Charge that will be imposed on
GCF Repo participants. Rule 3 (Ongoing Membership Requirements) will be
amended to include the quarterly NFE reporting requirement which, if
not
[[Page 21001]]
followed timely by the members, will result in fines and GCF Premium
Charge.
5. Rules 21 (Restrictions on Access to Services) and 22 (Insolvency
of a Member) will be amended to provide that FICC may in its sole
discretion cease to act for a member in the event that the member's
clearing bank has ceased to extend credit to the member.
6. The schedule of GCF time frames will be amended to reflect
technical changes.
III. The Amendment
The amendment to the proposed rule change addresses the situation
where FICC becomes concerned about the volume of interbank GCF Repo
activity. For example, such a concern might arise if market events were
to cause dealers to turn to the GCF Repo service for funding above
normal levels. In order to protect itself and its members, FICC
believes it is important to have the discretion to institute risk
mitigation and appropriate disincentive measures in order to bring GCF
Repo levels down to a level which it believes to be prudent from a risk
management perspective.
Specifically, the amendment introduces the term ``GCF Repo Event,''
which will be declared by FICC if either of the following occurs: (1)
The GCF interbank funds amount exceeds five times the average interbank
funds amount over the previous ninety days for three consecutive days
\11\ or (2) the GCF interbank funds amount exceeds fifty percent of the
amount of GCF Repo collateral pledged for three consecutive days.\12\
FICC will review the Repo Event triggering levels on a semi-annual
basis to determine whether they remain adequate.\13\ FICC will also
have the right to declare a GCF Repo Event in any other circumstances
where in its sole discretion it is concerned about GCF Repo volumes and
believes it is necessary to declare a Repo Event in order to protect
itself and its members.\14\
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\11\ For example, assume that the average interbank funds amount
over the previous ninety days is $11 billion. FICC would declare a
GCF Repo Event if the interbank funds amount exceeds $55 billion
over three consecutive days.
\12\ For example, assume that on Monday the total amount of GCF
Repo collateral pledged was $86.8 billion and that the interbank
funds amount was $11 billion. The interbank funds amount is 12.7
percent of the daily pledged amount. FICC would declare a GCF Repo
Event if the overall pledged amount stayed at $86.6 billion and if
the interbank amount exceeded $43.3 billion for three consecutive
days.
\13\ To change the Repo Event triggering levels, FICC is
required to submit a proposed rule change to the Commission.
\14\ For example, FICC may determine it is prudent to declare a
GCF Repo Event if one of the specified events noted above occurs for
less than three consecutive days.
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The declaration of a GCF Repo Event will trigger the imposition of
risk mitigation and disincentive measures. These measures will be
imposed each day during the GCF Repo Event, and they will be imposed on
each day's GCF net funds borrowers whose aggregate GCF net short
position exceeds a certain threshold.\15\
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\15\ FICC will inform its members about the declaration of a GCF
Repo Event by issuing an Important Notice. The Important Notice
will, among other things, inform members of the implementation date
of the measures. FICC will also inform the Commission about the
declaration of the Event. The GCF Repo Event will last until FICC
notifies its members that the Event has ended.
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Specifically, FICC will establish a ``GCF Repo Event Parameter,''
which will be a certain percentage of each dealer's average GCF Repo
net short settlement amount during a one-month look-back period. FICC
is establishing 140 percent as the maximum percentage for the GCF Repo
Event Parameter, and FICC will have the discretion to reduce this
percentage during a GCF Repo Event if it believes in its sole
discretion that the maximum percentage is not adequately addressing the
particular event. Any GCF Repo net short settlement amount that exceeds
the GCF Repo Event Parameter will be subject to a ``GCF Repo Event
Clearing Fund Premium'' and a ``GCF Repo Event Carry Charge.''
FICC will set 12% as the minimum percentage on which the GCF Repo
Event Clearing Fund Premium will be based and 50 basis points as the
minimum on which the GCF Repo Event Carry Charge will be based.\16\
FICC will have the discretion to increase these amounts during a GCF
Repo Event if FICC believes in its sole discretion that the minimums
are not adequately addressing the particular GCF Repo Event.
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\16\ For example, assume that FICC has declared a GCF Repo
Event, and on the day of implementation of the protective measures,
Dealer A's average net short settlement amount is $1 billion. This
means that Dealer A's GCF Repo Event Parameter is $1.4 billion. On
the day of implementation of the protective measures, Dealer A's net
settlement amount is $1.9 billion, so the measures will be applied
to $500 million (i.e., $1.9 billion minus $1.4 billion). If the
percentage for the GCF Repo Event Collateral Premium is 12 percent
and the GCF Repo Event Carry Charge is 50 basis points, Dealer A
will pay a GCF Repo Event Clearing Fund Premium of $60 million and a
GCF Repo Event Carry Charge of $6,944.44 on the day of
implementation. On each succeeding day that the GCF Repo Event
remains in effect, FICC will reevaluate Dealer A's net settlement
position.
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FICC will retain the right to waive imposition of the GCF Repo
Event Clearing Fund Premium and the GCF Repo Event Carry Charge if FICC
determines, in its sole discretion based on monitoring against the GCF
Repo Event Parameters, that these measures are not necessary to protect
FICC and its members.
IV. Discussion
Section 19(b) of the Act directs the Commission to approve a
proposed rule change of a self-regulatory organization if it finds that
such proposed rule change is consistent with the requirements of the
Act and the rules and regulations thereunder applicable to such
organization. Section 17A(b)(3)(F) of the Act requires that the rules
of a clearing agency be designed to promote the prompt and accurate
clearance and settlement of securities transactions.\17\ The Commission
believes that FICC's proposed rule change is consistent with this
Section because it should facilitate the prompt and accurate clearance
and settlement of securities by allowing GCF Repo participants to
expand their use of the GCF Repo service to include GCF Repos done with
dealers that clear at a different clearing bank. The Commission also
believes that FICC's proposed rule change is consistent with the
requirements of Section 17A(b)(3)(F) because FICC has designed the
interclearing bank procedures, including the risk monitoring and risk
mitigation measures, in such a way that they should help assure the
safeguarding of securities and funds which are in the custody or
control of FICC or for which FICC is responsible.
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\17\ 15 U.S.C. 78q-1(b)(3)(F).
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V. Conclusion
On the basis of the foregoing, the Commission finds that the
proposed rule change is consistent with the requirements of the Act and
in particular Section 17A of the Act and the rules and regulations
thereunder. In approving the proposed rule change, the Commission
considered the proposal's impact on efficiency, competition and capital
formation.\18\
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\18\ 15 U.S.C. 78c(f).
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It is therefore ordered, pursuant to Section 19(b)(2) of the Act,
that the proposed rule change (File No. SR-FICC-2007-08), as amended,
be and hereby is approved.
For the Commission by the Division of Trading and Markets,
pursuant to delegated authority.\19\
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\19\ 17 CFR 200.30-3(a)(12).
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Florence E. Harmon,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. E8-8233 Filed 4-16-08; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8010-01-P