Self-Regulatory Organizations; Chicago Board Options Exchange, Incorporated; Order Granting Approval of Proposed Rule Change as Modified by Amendment No. 1 Thereto Relating to $1 Strikes for VXD and VXN Options and $1 Strikes for RVX, VIX, VXD and VXN LEAPs, 66211-66213 [E7-23003]
Download as PDF
Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 227 / Tuesday, November 27, 2007 / Notices
the time.5 Another one-third of the time,
VXV would be calculated with options
expiring two months apart. And the
final one-third of the time, VXV would
be calculated with options expiring one
month apart. As a result, the calculation
of the three-month VXV under current
Rule 24.9(a)(2) would render the VXV
subject to inconsistencies that,
according to CBOE, may make the index
unattractive as an underlying for
volatility products.
Under the proposed rule change,
however, the Exchange will be
permitted, eight times a year, to add an
additional seventh month in order to
maintain four consecutive near term
contract months.
The Exchange also proposed to
remove outdated rule text from Rule
24.9(a)(2). Specifically, the Exchange
proposed to delete the provision that
permitted the Exchange to list up to
seven expiration months at any one time
for the SPX, MNX and DJX index option
contracts, provided that one of those
expiration months is November 2004.6
Capacity
CBOE represented that it has analyzed
its capacity and represents that it
believes the Exchange and the Options
Price Reporting Authority have the
necessary systems capacity to handle
the additional traffic associated with the
additional listing of a seventh contract
month in order to maintain four
consecutive near term contract months
for those broad-based security index
options upon which the Exchange
calculates a constant three-month
volatility index.
III. Discussion
pwalker on PROD1PC71 with NOTICES
After careful review, the Commission
finds that CBOE’s proposal to amend
Rule 24.9(a)(2), Terms of Index Option
Contracts, to allow the Exchange to list
up to seven expiration months for
broad-based security index options
upon which the Exchange calculates a
constant three-month volatility index,
and to remove certain outdated rule text
from Rule 24.9(a)(2) is consistent with
the requirements of the Act and the
rules and regulations thereunder
applicable to a national securities
5 See Notice, supra note 3, at 58695 (providing
examples to illustrate the effect of the proposed rule
change).
6 This provision was added in July 2004 in
response to customer demand for index options
expiring in November 2004 to hedge positions in
stocks overlying particular index options or to
hedge market exposure to the equity markets
generally against the uncertainty presented by the
elections. See Securities Exchange Act Release No.
50063 (July 22, 2004), 69 FR 45357 (July 29,
2004)(SR–CBOE–2004–49).
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17:26 Nov 26, 2007
Jkt 214001
exchange 7 and, in particular, the
requirements of section 6 of the Act 8
and the rules and regulations
thereunder. The Commission believes
that increasing, from six to seven, the
number of expiration months for broadbased security indexes on which the
Exchange calculates a constant threemonth volatility index (to accommodate
a fourth consecutive near-term month
while maintaining the listing of three
months on a quarterly expiration cycle)
will result in a more consistent and
predictable calculation in which the
option series that bracket three months
to expiration will always expire one
month apart, thereby promoting just and
equitable principles of trade while
protecting investors and the public
interest.
The Commission also notes CBOE’s
representations that it possesses the
necessary systems capacity to handle
the additional traffic associated with the
additional listing of a seventh contract
month in order to maintain four
consecutive near term contract months
for those broad-based security index
options upon which the Exchange
calculates a constant three-month
volatility index.
IV. Conclusion
It is therefore ordered, pursuant to
section 19(b)(2) of the Act,9 that the
proposed rule change (SR–CBOE–2007–
82), as amended, be, and hereby is,
approved.
For the Commission, by the Division of
Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated
authority.10
Florence E. Harmon,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. E7–23001 Filed 11–26–07; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
[Release No. 34–56813; File No. SR-CBOE–
2007–52]
Self-Regulatory Organizations;
Chicago Board Options Exchange,
Incorporated; Order Granting Approval
of Proposed Rule Change as Modified
by Amendment No. 1 Thereto Relating
to $1 Strikes for VXD and VXN Options
and $1 Strikes for RVX, VIX, VXD and
VXN LEAPs
November 19, 2007.
I. Introduction
On July 11, 2007, the Chicago Board
Options Exchange, Incorporated
(‘‘CBOE’’ or ‘‘Exchange’’) filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission
(‘‘Commission’’) a proposed rule
change, pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
(‘‘Act’’) 1 and Rule 19b–4 thereunder, 2
to permit the Exchange to: (i) List and
trade CBOE Dow Jones Industrial
Average Volatility Index (‘‘VXD’’)
options and Nasdaq-100 Volatility Index
(‘‘VXN’’) options in $1 strike price
intervals; and (ii) list and trade CBOE
Russell 2000 Volatility Index (‘‘RVX’’),
VXD, VXN and CBOE Volatility Index
(‘‘VIX’’) LEAPs in $1 strike price
intervals. On August 20, 2007, CBOE
filed Amendment No. 1 to the proposed
rule change. The proposed rule change,
as modified by Amendment No. 1, was
published for comment in the Federal
Register on September 24, 2007. 3 The
Commission received one comment
letter regarding the proposal. 4 This
order approves the proposed rule
change, as amended.
II. Description of the Proposal
In its proposal, CBOE proposed rules
to permit the Exchange to list and trade
options on the CBOE Dow Jones
Industrial Average Volatility Index
(‘‘VXD’’) and the Nasdaq-100 Volatility
Index (‘‘VXN’’) in $1 strike price
intervals within certain parameters
described below. 5 Additionally, the rule
change proposed to permit the Exchange
1 15
U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
CFR 240.19b–4.
3 See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 56449
(September 17, 2007), 72 FR 54306 (‘‘Notice’’).
4 See Letter from John C. Nagel, Director &
Associate General Counsel, Citadel Investment
Group, L.L.C. (‘‘Citadel’’) to Nancy Morris,
Secretary, Commission, dated November 2, 2007
(‘‘Citadel Comment’’).
5 The Commission previously approved the
listing and trading of VXD and VXN options, which
the Exchange anticipates trading shortly. See
Securities Exchange Act Release No. 49563 (April
14, 2004), 69 FR 21589 (April 21, 2004) (approving
SR-CBOE–2003–40).
2 17
7 In approving this proposed rule change, the
Commission has considered the proposed rule’s
impact on efficiency, competition, and capital
formation. 15 U.S.C. 78c(f).
8 15 U.S.C. 78f.
9 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(2).
10 17 CFR 200.30–3(a)(12).
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Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 227 / Tuesday, November 27, 2007 / Notices
to list and trade CBOE Russell Volatility
Index (‘‘RVX’’), CBOE Volatility Index
(‘‘VIX’’), VXD, and VXN LEAPs in $1
strike price intervals within certain
parameters also described below.
pwalker on PROD1PC71 with NOTICES
$1 Strikes for VXD and VXN Options
Similar to other volatility indexes,
VXD and VXN are calculated using realtime quotes of out-of-the-money and atthe-money and second nearly index
puts and calls on the Dow Jones
Industrial Index (‘‘DJIA’’) and the
Nasdaq-100 Index (‘‘NDX’’) respectively.
VXD and VXN are quoted in absolute
numbers that represent the volatility of
the DJIA and the NDX respectively in
percentage points per annum. For
example, a VXD level of 11.63 (the
closing value of the VXD on April 26,
2007) represents an annualized
volatility of 11.63% in the DJIA Index
and a VXN level of 15.97 (the closing
value of the VXN on April 26, 2007)
represents an annualized volatility of
15.97% in the NDX. 6
According to CBOE, as with other
proprietary CBOE volatility indexes,
VXD and VXN levels fluctuate quite
differently than individual equity
securities or indexes of individual
equity securities. Specifically, indexes
such as VXD and VXN that track
volatility are ‘‘mean-reverting,’’ a
statistical term used to describe a strong
tendency for the volatility index to
move toward its long-term historical
average level. In other words, at
historically low volatility index levels,
there is a higher probability that the
next big move will be up rather than
down. Conversely, at historically high
volatility index levels, the next big
move is more likely to be down rather
than up.
Thus, as represented by CBOE,
volatility indexes such as VXD and VXN
tend to move within set ranges, and
even when a level moves outside that
range, the tendency towards meanreversion often results in the volatility
index returning to a level within the
range. In the case of VXD, the historical
average index value since January 2,
2002 is 16.92. Since January 2002, VXD
has fluctuated in a range between 9.28
and 41.85. Furthermore, VXD closed
under 25 for 85% of the days on which
the level was calculated since 2002
(1,171 days out of a total of 1,372 days)
and has closed under 30 for 91% of the
6 In its original filing, CBOE inadvertently
reported annualized volatility percentages of
11.637% (rather than 11.63%) and 15.77% (rather
than 15.97%). Telephone conversation between
Jennifer Yeadon, Senior Attorney, CBOE and
Geoffrey Pemble, Special Counsel, Division of
Market Regulation, Commission, on November 15,
2007.
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17:26 Nov 26, 2007
Jkt 214001
days on which the level was calculated
since 2002 (1,245 days out of a total of
1,372 days). VXD has closed between 10
and 25 for 82% of the days on which the
level was calculated since 2002 (1,130
days out of a total of 1,372 days).
In the case of VXN, the historical
average index value since January 2,
2002 is 26.14. Since January 2002, VXN
has fluctuated in a range between 12.61
and 60.66. Furthermore, VXN closed
under 25 for 61% of the days on which
the level was calculated since 2002 (822
days out of a total of 1,355 days) and has
closed under 30 for 73% of the days on
which the level was calculated since
2002 (987 days out of a total of 1,355
days). VXN has closed between 15 and
30 for 66% of the days on which the
level was calculated since 2002 (895
days out of a total of 1,355 days).
Because of the generally limited range
in which VXD and VXN have
fluctuated, CBOE proposed to list series
at $1 or greater strike price intervals for
each expiration on up to 5 VXD and
VXN option series above and 5 VXD and
VXN option series below the current
index level. 7 As the current index level
of VXD and VXN moves from the
exercise price of those VXD and VXN
option series that already have been
opened for trading on the Exchange, the
Exchange may open for trading
additional series at $1.00 or greater
strike price intervals for each expiration
on up to 5 VXD and VXN option series
above and 5 VXD and VXN option series
below the current index level.
Additionally, the Exchange proposed
that it would not list series with $1
intervals within $0.50 of an existing
$2.50 strike price with the same
expiration month (e.g., if there is an
existing 12.50 strike, the Exchange
would not list a 12 or 13 strike).
$1 Strike LEAPs for RVX, VIX, VXN and
VXD
Similarly, the Exchange proposed
rules to permit $1 strike intervals for
RVX, VIX, VXD and VXN LEAPs.
According to CBOE, typically LEAPs
strike prices moves in increments of
$2.50 and $5.00 and such incremental
pricing is suited for long-term contracts
on traditional equity and stock index
products. However, as discussed above,
the levels of volatility indexes fluctuate
quite differently than equities and stock
indexes. As a ‘‘mean-reverting’’ product,
7 The Commission previously approved the
listing of VIX and RVX options at $1 strike
intervals. See Securities Exchange Act Release No.
54192 (July 21, 2006), 71 FR 43251 (July 31, 2006)
(approving SR-CBOE–2006–27); see also Securities
Exchange Act Release No. 55425 (March 8, 2007),
72 FR 12238 (March 15, 2007) (approving SR–
CBOE–2006–73).
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Sfmt 4703
volatility indexes gravitate towards their
historical average levels; thus, limiting
the range of movement.
Consequently, the Exchange proposed
to list series at $1 or greater strike price
intervals for each expiration on up to 5
RVX, VIX, VXD and VXN LEAPs series
above and 5 RVX, VIX, VXD and VXN
LEAPs series below the current index
level. As the current index level of RVX,
VIX, VXD and VXN moves from the
exercise price of those RVX, VIX, VXD
and VXN LEAPs series that already have
been opened for trading on the
Exchange, the Exchange may open for
trading additional series at $1.00 or
greater strike price intervals for each
expiration on up to 5 RVX, VIX, VXD
and VXN LEAPs series above and 5
RVX, VIX, VXD and VXN LEAPs series
below the current index level.
For purposes of adding strike prices at
$1.00 or greater strike price intervals, as
well as at $2.50 or greater strike price
intervals, the ‘‘current index level’’
would be defined as the ‘‘implied
forward level’’ of RVX, VIX, VXN and
VXD for each expiration. 8
Capacity
CBOE represented that it has analyzed
its capacity and represents that it
believes the Exchange and the Options
Price Reporting Authority have the
necessary systems capacity to handle
the additional traffic associated with the
listing and trading of the $1 strikes for
VXD and VXN option and of the $1
strikes for RVX, VIX, VXD and VXN
LEAPs.
III. Summary of Comment Received
The Commission received one
comment letter regarding the proposed
rule change, from Citadel. Citadel
supported the adoption of the proposal
and, in general, the expansion of $1
strike price intervals, stating that
expansion of products available to
exchanges and investors was
‘‘fundamentally pro-competitive’’ and
that, moreover, ‘‘$1 strike price intervals
allow traders and investors to customize
the risk profiles of their trading
positions more precisely, and thus
reduce the cost of trading.’’ 9 Citadel
commented favorably about the
Commission’s prior pilot program to
allow $1 strike intervals,10 and
advocated that the Commission
‘‘promote the expansion of $1 strike
programs even if doing so requires
curtailing or slowing further expansion
of penny quoting.’’ 11 With regard to the
8 See Notice, supra n. 3, for further discussion of
this methodology.
9 See Citadel Comment at 1.
10 Id. at 2.
11 Id. at 3.
E:\FR\FM\27NON1.SGM
27NON1
Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 227 / Tuesday, November 27, 2007 / Notices
proposal, Citadel noted that ‘‘permitting
CBOE to list and trade options that are
the subject of the Proposal in $1 strike
intervals would benefit the public,
including retail investors,’’ for many of
the same reasons $1 strike options do,
as well as for reasons specific to
volatility options, such a the ‘‘meanreverting’’ characteristics of volatility
indexes.12 Similarly, Citadel supported
the listing and trading of LEAPs on
certain volatility indexes, as proposed
by CBOE, arguing that the ‘‘case for
strike-intervals for LEAPs on volatility
indexes is even stronger than the case
for narrow-interval LEAPs on single
stocks.’’
pwalker on PROD1PC71 with NOTICES
IV. Discussion
After careful review, the Commission
finds that CBOE’s proposal to (i) list and
trade CBOE Dow Jones Industrial
Average Volatility Index (‘‘VXD’’)
options and Nasdaq-100 Volatility Index
(‘‘VXN’’) options in $1 strike price
intervals; and (ii) list and trade CBOE
Russell 2000 Volatility Index (‘‘RVX’’),
VXD, VXN and CBOE Volatility Index
(‘‘VIX’’) LEAPs in $1 strike price
intervals is consistent with the
requirements of the Act and the rules
and regulations thereunder applicable to
a national securities exchange 13 and, in
particular, the requirements of section 6
of the Act 14 and the rules and
regulations thereunder. The
Commission believes that CBOE’s
proposal gives options investors the
ability to make additional investment
choices in a manner consistent with the
requirements of section 6(b)(5) of the
Act. 15 The Commission further believes
that trading options and LEAPs in $1
strike price intervals on these volatility
indexes provides investors with an
important trading and hedging
mechanism.
As explained by CBOE, volatility
indexes such as the RVX, VIX, VXD and
VXN fluctuate in a narrow range, and
thus, the Commission believes that the
implementation of $1 strike price
intervals on options and LEAPs based
on these indexes, within the parameters
detailed in CBOE’s proposal, is
appropriate.
The Commission also notes CBOE’s
representations that it possesses the
necessary systems capacity to support
new series that would result from the
introduction of $1 strikes for VXD and
VXN options and of the $1 strikes for
12 Id.
13 In approving this proposed rule change, the
Commission has considered the proposed rule’s
impact on efficiency, competition, and capital
formation. 15 U.S.C. 78c(f).
14 15 U.S.C. 78f.
15 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).
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17:26 Nov 26, 2007
Jkt 214001
66213
RVX, VIX, VXD and VXN LEAPs and
that CBOE also has been informed that
OPRA has the capacity to support such
offerings.
II. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
Change
V. Conclusion
In its filing with the Commission,
FICC included statements concerning
the purpose of and basis for the
proposed rule change and discussed any
comments it received on the proposed
rule change. The text of these statements
may be examined at the places specified
in Item IV below. FICC has prepared
summaries, set forth in sections A, B,
and C below, of the most significant
aspects of such statements.
It is therefore ordered, pursuant to
section 19(b)(2) of the Act,16 that the
proposed rule change (SR–CBOE–2007–
52), as amended, be, and hereby is,
approved.
For the Commission, by the Division of
Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated
authority.17
Florence E. Harmon,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. E7–23003 Filed 11–26–07; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
[Release No. 34–56820; File No. SR–FICC–
2007–09]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; Fixed
Income Clearing Corporation; Notice of
Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of
a Proposed Rule Change Relating to
the Correspondent Clearing Service
November 20, 2007.
Pursuant to section 19(b)(1) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
(‘‘Act’’),1 notice is hereby given that on
August 17, 2007, the Fixed Income
Clearing Corporation (‘‘FICC’’) filed
with the Securities and Exchange
Commission (‘‘Commission’’) the
proposed rule change as described in
Items I, II, and III below, which Items
have been prepared primarily by FICC.
FICC filed the proposed rule change
pursuant to section 19(b)(3)(A)(i) of the
Act 2 and Rule 19b–4(f)(1) 3 thereunder
so that the proposal was effective upon
filing with the Commission. The
Commission is publishing this notice to
solicit comments on the proposed rule
change from interested persons.
I. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Terms of Substance of
the Proposed Rule Change
The proposed rule change enhances
FICC’s Government Securities Division’s
(‘‘GSD’’) correspondent clearing service
for netting members submitting
transaction data (‘‘Submitting
Members’’) on behalf of non-member
firms (‘‘Executing Firms’’).
16 15
U.S.C. 78s(b)(2).
CFR 200.30–3(a)(12).
1 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
2 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(3)(A)(i).
3 17 CFR 240.19b–4(f)(1).
17 17
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Sfmt 4703
A. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
Change
Currently, GSD’s rules provide that a
Submitting Member must submit
transaction data to GSD when it acts on
behalf of an Executing Firm for
comparison-only processing or for both
comparison and netting processing. The
election made by the Submitting
Member to submit Executing Firm
transactions for comparison or
comparison and netting is done on a
firm level for each Executing Firm on
whose behalf the Submitting Member
acts. For example, when Submitting
Member A elects to submit transactions
for netting processing on behalf of
Executing Firm B, all trades submitted
on behalf of Executing Firm B will
proceed to netting, and the Submitting
Member will incur all resulting
settlement and other obligations that
arise under GSD’s rules with respect to
trade data submitted on behalf of
Executing Firm B. Conversely, when
Submitting Member A elects to submit
transactions for Executing Firm C for
comparison-only processing, all
transactions submitted on behalf of
Executing Firm C will only enter the
GSD’s comparison system with no
settlement obligations arising for
Submitting Member A with respect to
these transactions.
Under the rule change, FICC will
allow a Submitting Member to select for
each Executing Firm for which it
submits trades those trade types (i.e.,
buy-sell or repurchase agreements) that
will be comparison-only transactions
and those trade types that will be
netting transactions. For example,
Submitting Member A may select to
submit Executing Firm B’s repurchase
agreement transactions for comparisononly processing and Executing Firm B’s
buy-sell transactions for netting.
Members will not be permitted to
submit trades for either comparisononly or netting processing on a trade-by-
E:\FR\FM\27NON1.SGM
27NON1
Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 72, Number 227 (Tuesday, November 27, 2007)]
[Notices]
[Pages 66211-66213]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: E7-23003]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
[Release No. 34-56813; File No. SR-CBOE-2007-52]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; Chicago Board Options Exchange,
Incorporated; Order Granting Approval of Proposed Rule Change as
Modified by Amendment No. 1 Thereto Relating to $1 Strikes for VXD and
VXN Options and $1 Strikes for RVX, VIX, VXD and VXN LEAPs
November 19, 2007.
I. Introduction
On July 11, 2007, the Chicago Board Options Exchange, Incorporated
(``CBOE'' or ``Exchange'') filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission (``Commission'') a proposed rule change, pursuant to Section
19(b)(1) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (``Act'') \1\ and Rule
19b-4 thereunder, \2\ to permit the Exchange to: (i) List and trade
CBOE Dow Jones Industrial Average Volatility Index (``VXD'') options
and Nasdaq-100 Volatility Index (``VXN'') options in $1 strike price
intervals; and (ii) list and trade CBOE Russell 2000 Volatility Index
(``RVX''), VXD, VXN and CBOE Volatility Index (``VIX'') LEAPs in $1
strike price intervals. On August 20, 2007, CBOE filed Amendment No. 1
to the proposed rule change. The proposed rule change, as modified by
Amendment No. 1, was published for comment in the Federal Register on
September 24, 2007. \3\ The Commission received one comment letter
regarding the proposal. \4\ This order approves the proposed rule
change, as amended.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
\2\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4.
\3\ See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 56449 (September 17,
2007), 72 FR 54306 (``Notice'').
\4\ See Letter from John C. Nagel, Director & Associate General
Counsel, Citadel Investment Group, L.L.C. (``Citadel'') to Nancy
Morris, Secretary, Commission, dated November 2, 2007 (``Citadel
Comment'').
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
II. Description of the Proposal
In its proposal, CBOE proposed rules to permit the Exchange to list
and trade options on the CBOE Dow Jones Industrial Average Volatility
Index (``VXD'') and the Nasdaq-100 Volatility Index (``VXN'') in $1
strike price intervals within certain parameters described below. \5\
Additionally, the rule change proposed to permit the Exchange
[[Page 66212]]
to list and trade CBOE Russell Volatility Index (``RVX''), CBOE
Volatility Index (``VIX''), VXD, and VXN LEAPs in $1 strike price
intervals within certain parameters also described below.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\5\ The Commission previously approved the listing and trading
of VXD and VXN options, which the Exchange anticipates trading
shortly. See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 49563 (April 14,
2004), 69 FR 21589 (April 21, 2004) (approving SR-CBOE-2003-40).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
$1 Strikes for VXD and VXN Options
Similar to other volatility indexes, VXD and VXN are calculated
using real-time quotes of out-of-the-money and at-the-money and second
nearly index puts and calls on the Dow Jones Industrial Index
(``DJIA'') and the Nasdaq-100 Index (``NDX'') respectively. VXD and VXN
are quoted in absolute numbers that represent the volatility of the
DJIA and the NDX respectively in percentage points per annum. For
example, a VXD level of 11.63 (the closing value of the VXD on April
26, 2007) represents an annualized volatility of 11.63% in the DJIA
Index and a VXN level of 15.97 (the closing value of the VXN on April
26, 2007) represents an annualized volatility of 15.97% in the NDX. \6\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\6\ In its original filing, CBOE inadvertently reported
annualized volatility percentages of 11.637% (rather than 11.63%)
and 15.77% (rather than 15.97%). Telephone conversation between
Jennifer Yeadon, Senior Attorney, CBOE and Geoffrey Pemble, Special
Counsel, Division of Market Regulation, Commission, on November 15,
2007.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
According to CBOE, as with other proprietary CBOE volatility
indexes, VXD and VXN levels fluctuate quite differently than individual
equity securities or indexes of individual equity securities.
Specifically, indexes such as VXD and VXN that track volatility are
``mean-reverting,'' a statistical term used to describe a strong
tendency for the volatility index to move toward its long-term
historical average level. In other words, at historically low
volatility index levels, there is a higher probability that the next
big move will be up rather than down. Conversely, at historically high
volatility index levels, the next big move is more likely to be down
rather than up.
Thus, as represented by CBOE, volatility indexes such as VXD and
VXN tend to move within set ranges, and even when a level moves outside
that range, the tendency towards mean-reversion often results in the
volatility index returning to a level within the range. In the case of
VXD, the historical average index value since January 2, 2002 is 16.92.
Since January 2002, VXD has fluctuated in a range between 9.28 and
41.85. Furthermore, VXD closed under 25 for 85% of the days on which
the level was calculated since 2002 (1,171 days out of a total of 1,372
days) and has closed under 30 for 91% of the days on which the level
was calculated since 2002 (1,245 days out of a total of 1,372 days).
VXD has closed between 10 and 25 for 82% of the days on which the level
was calculated since 2002 (1,130 days out of a total of 1,372 days).
In the case of VXN, the historical average index value since
January 2, 2002 is 26.14. Since January 2002, VXN has fluctuated in a
range between 12.61 and 60.66. Furthermore, VXN closed under 25 for 61%
of the days on which the level was calculated since 2002 (822 days out
of a total of 1,355 days) and has closed under 30 for 73% of the days
on which the level was calculated since 2002 (987 days out of a total
of 1,355 days). VXN has closed between 15 and 30 for 66% of the days on
which the level was calculated since 2002 (895 days out of a total of
1,355 days).
Because of the generally limited range in which VXD and VXN have
fluctuated, CBOE proposed to list series at $1 or greater strike price
intervals for each expiration on up to 5 VXD and VXN option series
above and 5 VXD and VXN option series below the current index level.
\7\ As the current index level of VXD and VXN moves from the exercise
price of those VXD and VXN option series that already have been opened
for trading on the Exchange, the Exchange may open for trading
additional series at $1.00 or greater strike price intervals for each
expiration on up to 5 VXD and VXN option series above and 5 VXD and VXN
option series below the current index level.
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\7\ The Commission previously approved the listing of VIX and
RVX options at $1 strike intervals. See Securities Exchange Act
Release No. 54192 (July 21, 2006), 71 FR 43251 (July 31, 2006)
(approving SR-CBOE-2006-27); see also Securities Exchange Act
Release No. 55425 (March 8, 2007), 72 FR 12238 (March 15, 2007)
(approving SR-CBOE-2006-73).
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Additionally, the Exchange proposed that it would not list series
with $1 intervals within $0.50 of an existing $2.50 strike price with
the same expiration month (e.g., if there is an existing 12.50 strike,
the Exchange would not list a 12 or 13 strike).
$1 Strike LEAPs for RVX, VIX, VXN and VXD
Similarly, the Exchange proposed rules to permit $1 strike
intervals for RVX, VIX, VXD and VXN LEAPs. According to CBOE, typically
LEAPs strike prices moves in increments of $2.50 and $5.00 and such
incremental pricing is suited for long-term contracts on traditional
equity and stock index products. However, as discussed above, the
levels of volatility indexes fluctuate quite differently than equities
and stock indexes. As a ``mean-reverting'' product, volatility indexes
gravitate towards their historical average levels; thus, limiting the
range of movement.
Consequently, the Exchange proposed to list series at $1 or greater
strike price intervals for each expiration on up to 5 RVX, VIX, VXD and
VXN LEAPs series above and 5 RVX, VIX, VXD and VXN LEAPs series below
the current index level. As the current index level of RVX, VIX, VXD
and VXN moves from the exercise price of those RVX, VIX, VXD and VXN
LEAPs series that already have been opened for trading on the Exchange,
the Exchange may open for trading additional series at $1.00 or greater
strike price intervals for each expiration on up to 5 RVX, VIX, VXD and
VXN LEAPs series above and 5 RVX, VIX, VXD and VXN LEAPs series below
the current index level.
For purposes of adding strike prices at $1.00 or greater strike
price intervals, as well as at $2.50 or greater strike price intervals,
the ``current index level'' would be defined as the ``implied forward
level'' of RVX, VIX, VXN and VXD for each expiration. \8\
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\8\ See Notice, supra n. 3, for further discussion of this
methodology.
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Capacity
CBOE represented that it has analyzed its capacity and represents
that it believes the Exchange and the Options Price Reporting Authority
have the necessary systems capacity to handle the additional traffic
associated with the listing and trading of the $1 strikes for VXD and
VXN option and of the $1 strikes for RVX, VIX, VXD and VXN LEAPs.
III. Summary of Comment Received
The Commission received one comment letter regarding the proposed
rule change, from Citadel. Citadel supported the adoption of the
proposal and, in general, the expansion of $1 strike price intervals,
stating that expansion of products available to exchanges and investors
was ``fundamentally pro-competitive'' and that, moreover, ``$1 strike
price intervals allow traders and investors to customize the risk
profiles of their trading positions more precisely, and thus reduce the
cost of trading.'' \9\ Citadel commented favorably about the
Commission's prior pilot program to allow $1 strike intervals,\10\ and
advocated that the Commission ``promote the expansion of $1 strike
programs even if doing so requires curtailing or slowing further
expansion of penny quoting.'' \11\ With regard to the
[[Page 66213]]
proposal, Citadel noted that ``permitting CBOE to list and trade
options that are the subject of the Proposal in $1 strike intervals
would benefit the public, including retail investors,'' for many of the
same reasons $1 strike options do, as well as for reasons specific to
volatility options, such a the ``mean-reverting'' characteristics of
volatility indexes.\12\ Similarly, Citadel supported the listing and
trading of LEAPs on certain volatility indexes, as proposed by CBOE,
arguing that the ``case for strike-intervals for LEAPs on volatility
indexes is even stronger than the case for narrow-interval LEAPs on
single stocks.''
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\9\ See Citadel Comment at 1.
\10\ Id. at 2.
\11\ Id. at 3.
\12\ Id.
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IV. Discussion
After careful review, the Commission finds that CBOE's proposal to
(i) list and trade CBOE Dow Jones Industrial Average Volatility Index
(``VXD'') options and Nasdaq-100 Volatility Index (``VXN'') options in
$1 strike price intervals; and (ii) list and trade CBOE Russell 2000
Volatility Index (``RVX''), VXD, VXN and CBOE Volatility Index
(``VIX'') LEAPs in $1 strike price intervals is consistent with the
requirements of the Act and the rules and regulations thereunder
applicable to a national securities exchange \13\ and, in particular,
the requirements of section 6 of the Act \14\ and the rules and
regulations thereunder. The Commission believes that CBOE's proposal
gives options investors the ability to make additional investment
choices in a manner consistent with the requirements of section 6(b)(5)
of the Act. \15\ The Commission further believes that trading options
and LEAPs in $1 strike price intervals on these volatility indexes
provides investors with an important trading and hedging mechanism.
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\13\ In approving this proposed rule change, the Commission has
considered the proposed rule's impact on efficiency, competition,
and capital formation. 15 U.S.C. 78c(f).
\14\ 15 U.S.C. 78f.
\15\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).
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As explained by CBOE, volatility indexes such as the RVX, VIX, VXD
and VXN fluctuate in a narrow range, and thus, the Commission believes
that the implementation of $1 strike price intervals on options and
LEAPs based on these indexes, within the parameters detailed in CBOE's
proposal, is appropriate.
The Commission also notes CBOE's representations that it possesses
the necessary systems capacity to support new series that would result
from the introduction of $1 strikes for VXD and VXN options and of the
$1 strikes for RVX, VIX, VXD and VXN LEAPs and that CBOE also has been
informed that OPRA has the capacity to support such offerings.
V. Conclusion
It is therefore ordered, pursuant to section 19(b)(2) of the
Act,\16\ that the proposed rule change (SR-CBOE-2007-52), as amended,
be, and hereby is, approved.
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\16\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(2).
\17\ 17 CFR 200.30-3(a)(12).
For the Commission, by the Division of Trading and Markets,
pursuant to delegated authority.\17\
Florence E. Harmon,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. E7-23003 Filed 11-26-07; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011-01-P