Mosler Automotive; Receipt of Application for a Temporary Exemption From the Advanced Air Bag Requirements of FMVSS No. 208, 32392-32395 [E7-11259]
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appropriate representation to achieve
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Issued in Washington, DC, on June 1, 2007.
Pamela Hamilton-Powell,
Executive Director, Aviation Rulemaking
Advisory Committee.
[FR Doc. E7–11260 Filed 6–11–07; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910–13–P
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
National Highway Traffic Safety
Administration
[Docket No. NHTSA–2007–28430, Notice 1]
Mosler Automotive; Receipt of
Application for a Temporary
Exemption From the Advanced Air Bag
Requirements of FMVSS No. 208
National Highway Traffic
Safety Administration (NHTSA),
Department of Transportation (DOT).
ACTION: Notice of receipt of petition for
temporary exemption from provisions of
Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard
(FMVSS) No. 208, Occupant Crash
Protection.
AGENCY:
SUMMARY: In accordance with the
procedures in 49 CFR Part 555, Mosler
Automotive has petitioned the agency
for a temporary exemption from certain
advanced air bag requirements of
FMVSS No. 208. The basis for the
application is that compliance would
cause substantial economic hardship to
a manufacturer that has tried in good
faith to comply with the standard.1
This notice of receipt of an
application for temporary exemption is
published in accordance with the
statutory provisions of 49 U.S.C.
30113(b)(2). NHTSA has made no
judgment on the merits of the
application.
You should submit your
comments not later than July 12, 2007.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Mr.
Ed Glancy or Ms. Rebecca Schade,
Office of the Chief Counsel, NCC–112,
National Highway Traffic Safety
Administration, 1200 New Jersey
Avenue, SE., West Building 4th Floor,
Room W41–326, Washington, DC 20590.
Telephone: (202) 366–2992; Fax: (202)
366–3820.
Comments: We invite you to submit
comments on the application described
above. You may submit comments
identified by docket number at the
heading of this notice by any of the
following methods:
• Web Site: https://dms.dot.gov.
Follow the instructions for submitting
DATES:
1 To
view the application, go to: https://
dms.dot.gov/search/searchFormSimple.cfm and
enter the docket number set forth in the heading of
this document.
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comments on the DOT electronic docket
site by clicking on ‘‘Help and
Information’’ or ‘‘Help/Info.’’
• Fax: 1–202–493–2251.
• Mail: U.S. Department of
Transportation, Docket Operations, M–
30, Room W12–140, 1200 New Jersey
Avenue, SE., Washington, DC 20590.
• Hand Delivery: 1200 New Jersey
Avenue, SE., West Building Ground
Floor, Room W12–140, Washington, DC,
between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday
through Friday, except Federal holidays.
• Federal eRulemaking Portal: Go to
https://www.regulations.gov. Follow the
online instructions for submitting
comments.
Instructions: All submissions must
include the agency name and docket
number or Regulatory Identification
Number (RIN) for this rulemaking. For
detailed instructions on submitting
comments and additional information
on the rulemaking process, see the
Public Participation heading of the
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION section of
this document. Note that all comments
received will be posted without change
to https://dms.dot.gov, including any
personal information provided. Please
see the Privacy Act discussion under the
Public Participation heading.
Docket: For access to the docket to
read background documents or
comments received, go to https://
dms.dot.gov at any time or to 1200 New
Jersey Avenue, SE., West Building
Ground Floor, Room W12–140,
Washington, DC 20590, between 9 a.m.
and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday,
except Federal holidays. Telephone:
(202) 366–9826.
Privacy Act: Anyone is able to search
the electronic form of all comments
received into any of our dockets by the
name of the individual submitting the
comment (or signing the comment, if
submitted on behalf of an association,
business, labor union, etc.). You may
review DOT’s complete Privacy Act
Statement in the Federal Register
published on April 11, 2000 (Volume
65, Number 70; Pages 19477–78) or you
may visit https://dms.dot.gov.
We shall consider all comments
received before the close of business on
the comment closing date indicated
above. To the extent possible, we shall
also consider comments filed after the
closing date.
I. Advanced Air Bag Requirements and
Small Volume Manufacturers
In 2000, NHTSA upgraded the
requirements for air bags in passenger
cars and light trucks, requiring what are
commonly known as ‘‘advanced air
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bags.’’ 2 The upgrade was designed to
meet the goals of improving protection
for occupants of all sizes, belted and
unbelted, in moderate-to-high-speed
crashes, and of minimizing the risks
posed by air bags to infants, children,
and other occupants, especially in lowspeed crashes.
The advanced air bag requirements
were a culmination of a comprehensive
plan that the agency announced in 1996
to address the adverse effects of air bags.
This plan also included an extensive
consumer education program to
encourage the placement of children in
rear seats. The new requirements were
phased in beginning with the 2004
model year.
Small volume manufacturers were not
subject to the advanced air bag
requirements until September 1, 2006,
but their efforts to bring their respective
vehicles into compliance with these
requirements began several years before
that. However, because the new
requirements were challenging, major
air bag suppliers have concentrated
their efforts on working with large
volume manufacturers, and thus, until
recently, small volume manufacturers
had limited access to advanced air bag
technology. Because of the nature of the
requirements for protecting out-ofposition occupants, ‘‘off-the-shelf’’
systems could not be readily adopted.
Further complicating matters, because
small volume manufacturers build so
few vehicles, the costs of developing
custom advanced air bag systems
compared to potential profits
discouraged some air bag suppliers from
working with small volume
manufacturers.
The agency has carefully tracked
occupant fatalities resulting from air bag
deployment. Our data indicate that the
agency’s efforts in the area of consumer
education and manufacturers’ providing
depowered air bags were successful in
reducing air bag fatalities even before
advanced air bag requirements were
implemented.
As always, we are concerned about
the potential safety implication of any
temporary exemptions granted by this
agency. In the present case, we are
seeking comments on a petition for a
temporary exemption from the
advanced air bag requirements
submitted by a manufacturer of very
expensive, low volume, exotic sports
cars.
II. Overview of Petition for Economic
Hardship Exemption
In accordance with 49 U.S.C. 30113
and the procedures in 49 CFR part 555,
2 See
65 FR 30680 (May 12, 2000).
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Mosler Automotive has petitioned the
agency for a temporary exemption from
certain advanced air bag requirements of
FMVSS No. 208. The basis for the
application is that compliance would
cause substantial economic hardship to
a manufacturer that has tried in good
faith to comply with the standard. A
copy of the petition 3 is available for
review and has been placed in the
docket for this notice.
III. Statutory Background for Economic
Hardship Exemptions
A manufacturer is eligible to apply for
a hardship exemption if its total motor
vehicle production in its most recent
year of production did not exceed
10,000 vehicles, as determined by the
NHTSA Administrator (49 U.S.C.
30113).
In determining whether a
manufacturer of a vehicle meets that
criterion, NHTSA considers whether a
second vehicle manufacturer also might
be deemed the manufacturer of that
vehicle. The statutory provisions
governing motor vehicle safety (49
U.S.C. Chapter 301) do not include any
provision indicating that a manufacturer
might have substantial responsibility as
a manufacturer of a vehicle simply
because it owns or controls a second
manufacturer that assembled that
vehicle. However, the agency considers
the statutory definition of
‘‘manufacturer’’ (49 U.S.C. 30102) to be
sufficiently broad to include sponsors,
depending on the circumstances. Thus,
NHTSA has stated that a manufacturer
may be deemed to be a sponsor and thus
a manufacturer of a vehicle assembled
by a second manufacturer if the first
manufacturer had a substantial role in
the development and manufacturing
process of that vehicle.
IV. Petition of Mosler Automotive
Background. Mosler Automotive is a
U.S. company, organized as a Florida
corporation in 1987 and owned by a
single American shareholder. Mosler
began production in 1998 of high
performance sports cars based on an
aluminum honeycomb monocoque
chassis. This application concerns the
MT900 (MY 2004, currently the
company’s only model), which is
expected to retail for $189,900. To date,
the MT900 has been in and out of
production, with the following numbers
of vehicles being produced over the past
three years: 12 vehicles in 2004; 8
3 The company requested confidential treatment
under 49 CFR Part 512 for certain business and
financial information submitted as part of its
petition for temporary exemption. Accordingly, the
information placed in the docket does not contain
information subject to a claim of confidentiality.
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vehicles in 2005; and 13 vehicles in
2006. Worldwide sales, as of the time of
the petition, were 10 race cars, 3 U.S.
street cars, and 8 European specification
cars.
According to the petition, the
company has determined that it cannot
finance the work necessary to develop
and install advanced air bags in its
vehicles unless U.S. sales continue. It
argued that NHTSA has previously
‘‘confirmed the appropriateness of an
exemption when the sales of exempted
vehicles generate income to fund air bag
development expenditures in order to
comply with Standard 208 at the end of
the exemption period. 64 FR 6736.’’
Mosler Automotive stated that it
‘‘therefore needs USA exempted-vehicle
sales to ‘bridge the gap.’ ’’ The petitioner
further stated that it ‘‘will suffer a
significant market loss—the U.S.—in the
event it does not receive the
exemption.’’
The petitioner argued that it tried in
good faith, but could not bring the
vehicle into compliance with the
advanced air bag requirements, and
would incur substantial economic
hardship if it cannot sell vehicles in the
U.S. Mosler Automotive has an
extremely long product cycle (for the
MT900, the company estimates a
lifespan of 11 years), which has thus far
prevented it from recouping its
$600,000 investment in its current
standard air bag occupant restraint
system. The petitioner states that
significant engineering and funding will
be necessary to upgrade to an advanced
air bag system, and that the projected
overall cost of approximately $2.0 to
$2.5 million is beyond the company’s
current capabilities.
Eligibility. As discussed in the
petition, Mosler Automotive is
independently owned by a single
American shareholder. The entire
organization currently employs 25
people in the U.S. No other vehicle
manufacturer has an ownership interest
in Mosler Automotive. Stated another
way, Mosler Automotive is an
independent automobile manufacturer
which does not have any common
control nor is otherwise affiliated with
any other vehicle manufacturer.
The company is a small volume
manufacturer whose total production
has ranged from 8 to 13 vehicles per
year over the period from 2004 to 2006.
According to its current forecasts,
Mosler Automotive anticipates that
approximately 75 vehicles would be
sold in the U.S. during the three-year
period for its requested exemption, if
such request were granted.
Requested exemption. Mosler
Automotive is requesting an exemption
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for the MT900 from all of the advanced
air bag requirements in S14 of FMVSS
No. 208, the rigid barrier test
requirement using the 5th percentile
adult female test dummy (belted and
unbelted, S15), the offset deformable
barrier test requirement using the 5th
percentile adult female test dummy
(S17), the requirements to provide
protection for infants and children (S19,
S21, and S23) and the requirement
using an out-of-position 5th percentile
adult female test dummy at the driver
position (S25).
Mosler Automotive stated its
intention to have its advanced air bag
system ready in 2009. Accordingly, the
company seeks an exemption from the
above-specified requirements of FMVSS
No. 208 from June 1, 2007 to December
31, 2009.
Economic hardship. Publicly
available information and also the
financial documents submitted to
NHTSA by the petitioner indicate that
the MT900 project will result in
financial losses unless Mosler
Automotive obtains a temporary
exemption.
Over the period 2004–2006, Mosler
Automotive has had net operational
losses totaling over $3 million, and the
retained deficit of the company exceeds
over $23 million. The costs associated
with development of an advanced air
bag system for the vehicle have been
estimated at about $2.0 to $2.5 million.
The company has stated that it cannot
hope to attain profitability if it incurs
additional research and development
expenses at this time.
Mosler Automotive stated that the
estimated $2.0 to $2.5 million in costs
associated with advanced air bag
engineering and development included
research and development, testing,
tooling, and test vehicles, as well as
internal costs. In its petition, Mosler
Automotive reasoned that sales in the
U.S. market must commence in order to
finance this work and that non-U.S.
sales alone cannot generate sufficient
income for this purpose. In essence,
Mosler Automotive argued that the
exemption is necessary to allow the
company to ‘‘bridge the gap’’ until fully
compliant vehicles can be funded,
developed, tooled, and introduced for
the U.S. market.
If the exemption is denied, Mosler
Automotive projects a net loss of over
$3 million during the period from 2007–
2009. However, if the petition is
granted, the company anticipates a
profit of nearly $6.4 million during that
same period. The petitioner argued that
a denial of this petition could preclude
financing of the project for U.S.compliant vehicles, a development
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which would have a highly adverse
impact on the company.
Good faith efforts to comply. Mosler
Automotive began production of the
latest version of the MT900 in 2004, at
which time it was certified for U.S. road
use. The company has invested over $23
million on research and development
and tooling for the MT900 program. In
that time, the company was able to bring
the vehicle into compliance with all
applicable NHTSA regulations, except
for the advanced air bag provisions of
FMVSS No. 208.
In light of limited resources, the
petitioner stated that it was necessary to
first develop the vehicle with a standard
U.S. air bag system. The company has
spent $600,000 to re-engineer the
MT900 to include a standard air bag
system, which it stated will then be
developed into an advanced air bag
system.
According to its petition, even though
advanced air bags are beyond its current
capabilities, Mosler Automotive is
nonetheless planning for the
introduction of these devices. The
company stated that Siemens Restraint
Systems will spearhead this effort, and
current plans estimate a cost of between
$2.0 and $2.5 million (excluding
internal costs) and a minimum lead time
of 24 months for the advanced air bag
project. Mosler Automotive stated that
the following engineering efforts are
needed to upgrade the MT900’s
standard air bag system to an advanced
air bag system: (1) Tooling for
prototypes and production vehicles; (2)
contractor engineering; (3) air bag
system materials; (4) cost of test
vehicles; (5) integration of air bag
electronics; (6) radio frequency
interference/electromagnetic
compatibility testing; (7) significant
design and development of interior
components including seats and
dashboard; (8) crash testing; and (9)
system validation. NHTSA notes that
this estimate is based on a quotation
from Siemens that appears to have
expired, and has requested updated
information from the petitioner to
ensure that the estimate is still accurate.
In addition, Mosler Automotive
emphasized that finding suppliers
willing to work with a manufacturer
with very low production volumes has
proven extremely difficult, and as a
result, the company must wait for
technology to ‘‘trickle down’’ from
larger manufacturers and suppliers.
Mosler Automotive further stated that,
as a small volume manufacturer, the
company simply does not have the
internal resources to do full U.S.
homologation projects without reliance
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on outside suppliers of advanced
engineering technologies.
In short, Mosler Automotive argued
that, despite good faith efforts, limited
resources prevent it from bringing the
vehicle into compliance with all
applicable requirements, and it is
beyond the company’s current
capabilities to bring the vehicle into full
compliance until such time as
additional resources become available
as a result of U.S. sales. Mosler
Automotive stated in its petition that it
expects its advanced air bag system to
be ready in 2009, and that an exemption
would allow it to maintain continued
operations until then.
Mosler Automotive argues that an
exemption would be in the public
interest. The petitioner put forth several
arguments in favor of a finding that the
requested exemption is consistent with
the public interest and would not have
a significant adverse impact on safety.
Specifically, Mosler Automotive argued
that the vehicle would be equipped with
a fully-compliant standard U.S. air bag
system (i.e., one meeting all
requirements of FMVSS No. 208 prior to
implementation of S14). Furthermore,
the company emphasized that the
MT900 will comply with all other
applicable FMVSSs.
The company asserted that granting
the exemption will benefit U.S.
employment, companies, and citizens,
because Mosler Automotive is a U.S.
company and employs 25 people at its
Florida facility. Mosler Automotive also
argued that denial of the exemption
request would have an adverse impact
on consumer choice. The company also
argued that an exemption is unlikely to
have a significant safety impact because
these vehicles are not expected to be
used extensively by their owners, due to
their ‘‘second vehicle’’ nature, extreme
design and high cost. The company also
reasoned that given the nature of the
vehicle, it is less likely to be used to
transport young children than most
other vehicles.
As an additional basis for showing
that its requested exemption would be
in the public interest, Mosler
Automotive stated that the MT900 has
an extremely strong chassis, which is
composed of aluminum tubes and
composite structural parts. According to
Mosler Automotive, the vehicle design
is such that occupants are effectively
placed in a ‘‘protective ‘cell’ ’’ with the
chassis structure built around them.
V. Issuance of Notice of Final Action
We are providing a 30-day comment
period. After considering public
comments and other available
information, we will publish a notice of
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final action on the application in the
Federal Register.
Issued on: June 5, 2007.
Stephen R. Kratzke,
Associate Administrator for Rulemaking.
[FR Doc. E7–11259 Filed 6–11–07; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910–59–P
DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS
AFFAIRS
Health Outcomes Not Associated With
Exposure to Certain Herbicide Agents
Department of Veterans Affairs.
Notice.
AGENCY:
cprice-sewell on PROD1PC67 with NOTICES
ACTION:
SUMMARY: As required by law, the
Department of Veterans Affairs (VA)
hereby gives notice that the Secretary of
Veterans Affairs, under authority of the
Veterans Education and Benefits
Expansion Act of 2001, Public Law 107–
103, Section 201(d), has determined that
a presumption of service connection is
not warranted based on exposure to
herbicides used in the Republic of
Vietnam during the Vietnam Era for the
following health outcomes:
Hepatobiliary cancers; oral, nasal, and
pharyngeal cancer; bone and joint
cancer; skin cancers (melanoma, basal,
and squamous cell); breast cancer;
female reproductive cancer (cervix,
uterus, and ovary); testicular cancer;
urinary bladder cancer; renal cancer;
leukemia (other than chronic
lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)); abnormal
sperm characteristics and infertility;
spontaneous abortion; neonatal or infant
death and stillbirth in offspring of
exposed individuals; low birthweight in
offspring of exposed individuals;
neurobehavioral disorders (cognitive
and neuropsychiatric); movement
disorders including Parkinson’s disease
and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS);
chronic peripheral nervous system
disorders; respiratory disorders;
gastrointestinal, metabolic, and
digestive disorders (changes in liver
enzymes, lipid abnormalities, ulcers);
immune system disorders (immune
suppression, autoimmunity); circulatory
disorders; amyloid light-chain (AL)
amyloidosis; endometriosis; effects on
thyroid homeostasis; gastrointestinal
tumors (esophagus, stomach, pancreas,
colon, rectum; brain tumors; and any
other condition for which the Secretary
has not specifically determined a
presumption of service connection is
warranted.
The Secretary’s determinations
regarding individual diseases are based
on all available evidence in a 2004
report of the National Academy of
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11:38 Jun 11, 2007
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Sciences (NAS) and prior NAS reports.
This notice generally states specific
information only with respect to
significant additional studies that were
first reviewed by NAS in its 2004 report.
Information regarding additional
relevant studies is stated in VA’s prior
notices following earlier NAS reports,
and will not be repeated here.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Rhonda F. Ford, Consultant, Regulations
Staff, Compensation and Pension
Service, Veterans Benefits
Administration, Department of Veterans
Affairs, 810 Vermont Avenue, NW.,
Washington, DC 20420, (202) 273–7210.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Section 3
of the Agent Orange Act of 1991, Public
Law 102–4, 105 Stat. 11, directed the
Secretary to seek to enter into an
agreement with the National Academy
of Sciences (NAS) to review and
summarize the scientific evidence
concerning the association between
exposure to herbicides used in support
of military operations in the Republic of
Vietnam during the Vietnam Era and
each disease suspected to be associated
with such exposure. Congress mandated
that NAS determine, to the extent
possible: (1) Whether there is a
statistical association between the
suspect diseases and herbicide
exposure, taking into account the
strength of the scientific evidence and
the appropriateness of the methods used
to detect the association; (2) the
increased risk of disease among
individuals exposed to herbicides
during service in the Republic of
Vietnam during the Vietnam Era; and (3)
whether there is a plausible biological
mechanism or other evidence of a causal
relationship between herbicide
exposure and the health outcome.
Section 3 of Public Law 102–4 also
required that NAS submit reports on its
activities every two years (as measured
from the date of the first report) for a
ten-year period.
Section 2 of Public Law 102–4,
codified in pertinent part at 38 U.S.C.
1116(b) and (c), provides that whenever
the Secretary determines, based on
sound medical and scientific evidence,
that a positive association (i.e. the
credible evidence for the association is
equal to or outweighs the credible
evidence against the association) exists
between exposure of humans to an
herbicide agent (i.e. a chemical in an
herbicide used in support of the United
States and allied military operations in
the Republic of Vietnam during the
Vietnam Era) and a disease, the
Secretary will publish regulations
establishing presumptive service
connection for that disease. If the
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32395
Secretary determines that a presumption
of service connection is not warranted,
he is to publish a notice of that
determination, including an explanation
of the scientific basis for that
determination. The Secretary’s
determination must be based on
consideration of the NAS reports and all
other sound medical and scientific
information and analysis available to
the Secretary.
Section 2 of the Agent Orange Act of
1991 provided that the Secretary’s
authority and duties under that section
would expire 10 years after the first day
of the fiscal year in which NAS
transmitted its first report to VA. The
first NAS report was transmitted to VA
in July 1993, during the fiscal year that
began on October 1, 1992. Accordingly,
VA’s authority under section 2 of the
Agent Orange Act of 1991 expired on
September 30, 2002. In December 2001,
however, Congress enacted the Veterans
Education and Benefits Expansion Act
of 2001, Public Law 107–103. Section
201(d) of that Act extended VA’s
authority under 38 U.S.C. 1116(b)–(d)
through September 30, 2015.
Although 38 U.S.C. 1116 does not
define ‘‘credible,’’ it does instruct the
Secretary to ‘‘take into consideration
whether the results [of any study] are
statistically significant, are capable of
replication, and withstand peer review.’’
The Secretary reviews studies that
report a positive relative risk and
studies that report a negative relative
risk of a particular health outcome. He
then determines whether the weight of
evidence supports a finding that there is
or is not a positive association between
herbicide exposure and the subsequent
health outcome.
The Secretary does this by taking into
account the statistical significance,
capability of replication, and whether
that study will withstand peer review.
Because of differences in statistical
significance, confidence levels, control
for confounding factors, bias, and other
pertinent characteristics, some studies
are more credible than others. The
Secretary gives weight to more credible
studies in evaluating the overall
evidence concerning specific health
outcomes.
Chronology
NAS issued its initial report, entitled
‘‘Veterans and Agent Orange: Health
Effects of Herbicides Used in Vietnam,’’
(VAO) on July 27, 1993. The Secretary
subsequently determined that a positive
association exists between exposure to
herbicides used in the Republic of
Vietnam and the subsequent
development of Hodgkin’s disease,
porphyria cutanea tarda, multiple
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Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 72, Number 112 (Tuesday, June 12, 2007)]
[Notices]
[Pages 32392-32395]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: E7-11259]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
[Docket No. NHTSA-2007-28430, Notice 1]
Mosler Automotive; Receipt of Application for a Temporary
Exemption From the Advanced Air Bag Requirements of FMVSS No. 208
AGENCY: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA),
Department of Transportation (DOT).
ACTION: Notice of receipt of petition for temporary exemption from
provisions of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) No. 208,
Occupant Crash Protection.
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SUMMARY: In accordance with the procedures in 49 CFR Part 555, Mosler
Automotive has petitioned the agency for a temporary exemption from
certain advanced air bag requirements of FMVSS No. 208. The basis for
the application is that compliance would cause substantial economic
hardship to a manufacturer that has tried in good faith to comply with
the standard.\1\
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\1\ To view the application, go to: https://dms.dot.gov/search/
searchFormSimple.cfm and enter the docket number set forth in the
heading of this document.
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This notice of receipt of an application for temporary exemption is
published in accordance with the statutory provisions of 49 U.S.C.
30113(b)(2). NHTSA has made no judgment on the merits of the
application.
DATES: You should submit your comments not later than July 12, 2007.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Mr. Ed Glancy or Ms. Rebecca Schade,
Office of the Chief Counsel, NCC-112, National Highway Traffic Safety
Administration, 1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE., West Building 4th Floor,
Room W41-326, Washington, DC 20590. Telephone: (202) 366-2992; Fax:
(202) 366-3820.
Comments: We invite you to submit comments on the application
described above. You may submit comments identified by docket number at
the heading of this notice by any of the following methods:
Web Site: https://dms.dot.gov. Follow the instructions for
submitting comments on the DOT electronic docket site by clicking on
``Help and Information'' or ``Help/Info.''
Fax: 1-202-493-2251.
Mail: U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket
Operations, M-30, Room W12-140, 1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE.,
Washington, DC 20590.
Hand Delivery: 1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE., West Building
Ground Floor, Room W12-140, Washington, DC, between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m.,
Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays.
Federal eRulemaking Portal: Go to https://
www.regulations.gov. Follow the online instructions for submitting
comments.
Instructions: All submissions must include the agency name and
docket number or Regulatory Identification Number (RIN) for this
rulemaking. For detailed instructions on submitting comments and
additional information on the rulemaking process, see the Public
Participation heading of the SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION section of this
document. Note that all comments received will be posted without change
to https://dms.dot.gov, including any personal information provided.
Please see the Privacy Act discussion under the Public Participation
heading.
Docket: For access to the docket to read background documents or
comments received, go to https://dms.dot.gov at any time or to 1200 New
Jersey Avenue, SE., West Building Ground Floor, Room W12-140,
Washington, DC 20590, between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday,
except Federal holidays. Telephone: (202) 366-9826.
Privacy Act: Anyone is able to search the electronic form of all
comments received into any of our dockets by the name of the individual
submitting the comment (or signing the comment, if submitted on behalf
of an association, business, labor union, etc.). You may review DOT's
complete Privacy Act Statement in the Federal Register published on
April 11, 2000 (Volume 65, Number 70; Pages 19477-78) or you may visit
https://dms.dot.gov.
We shall consider all comments received before the close of
business on the comment closing date indicated above. To the extent
possible, we shall also consider comments filed after the closing date.
I. Advanced Air Bag Requirements and Small Volume Manufacturers
In 2000, NHTSA upgraded the requirements for air bags in passenger
cars and light trucks, requiring what are commonly known as ``advanced
air
[[Page 32393]]
bags.'' \2\ The upgrade was designed to meet the goals of improving
protection for occupants of all sizes, belted and unbelted, in
moderate-to-high-speed crashes, and of minimizing the risks posed by
air bags to infants, children, and other occupants, especially in low-
speed crashes.
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\2\ See 65 FR 30680 (May 12, 2000).
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The advanced air bag requirements were a culmination of a
comprehensive plan that the agency announced in 1996 to address the
adverse effects of air bags. This plan also included an extensive
consumer education program to encourage the placement of children in
rear seats. The new requirements were phased in beginning with the 2004
model year.
Small volume manufacturers were not subject to the advanced air bag
requirements until September 1, 2006, but their efforts to bring their
respective vehicles into compliance with these requirements began
several years before that. However, because the new requirements were
challenging, major air bag suppliers have concentrated their efforts on
working with large volume manufacturers, and thus, until recently,
small volume manufacturers had limited access to advanced air bag
technology. Because of the nature of the requirements for protecting
out-of-position occupants, ``off-the-shelf'' systems could not be
readily adopted. Further complicating matters, because small volume
manufacturers build so few vehicles, the costs of developing custom
advanced air bag systems compared to potential profits discouraged some
air bag suppliers from working with small volume manufacturers.
The agency has carefully tracked occupant fatalities resulting from
air bag deployment. Our data indicate that the agency's efforts in the
area of consumer education and manufacturers' providing depowered air
bags were successful in reducing air bag fatalities even before
advanced air bag requirements were implemented.
As always, we are concerned about the potential safety implication
of any temporary exemptions granted by this agency. In the present
case, we are seeking comments on a petition for a temporary exemption
from the advanced air bag requirements submitted by a manufacturer of
very expensive, low volume, exotic sports cars.
II. Overview of Petition for Economic Hardship Exemption
In accordance with 49 U.S.C. 30113 and the procedures in 49 CFR
part 555, Mosler Automotive has petitioned the agency for a temporary
exemption from certain advanced air bag requirements of FMVSS No. 208.
The basis for the application is that compliance would cause
substantial economic hardship to a manufacturer that has tried in good
faith to comply with the standard. A copy of the petition \3\ is
available for review and has been placed in the docket for this notice.
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\3\ The company requested confidential treatment under 49 CFR
Part 512 for certain business and financial information submitted as
part of its petition for temporary exemption. Accordingly, the
information placed in the docket does not contain information
subject to a claim of confidentiality.
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III. Statutory Background for Economic Hardship Exemptions
A manufacturer is eligible to apply for a hardship exemption if its
total motor vehicle production in its most recent year of production
did not exceed 10,000 vehicles, as determined by the NHTSA
Administrator (49 U.S.C. 30113).
In determining whether a manufacturer of a vehicle meets that
criterion, NHTSA considers whether a second vehicle manufacturer also
might be deemed the manufacturer of that vehicle. The statutory
provisions governing motor vehicle safety (49 U.S.C. Chapter 301) do
not include any provision indicating that a manufacturer might have
substantial responsibility as a manufacturer of a vehicle simply
because it owns or controls a second manufacturer that assembled that
vehicle. However, the agency considers the statutory definition of
``manufacturer'' (49 U.S.C. 30102) to be sufficiently broad to include
sponsors, depending on the circumstances. Thus, NHTSA has stated that a
manufacturer may be deemed to be a sponsor and thus a manufacturer of a
vehicle assembled by a second manufacturer if the first manufacturer
had a substantial role in the development and manufacturing process of
that vehicle.
IV. Petition of Mosler Automotive
Background. Mosler Automotive is a U.S. company, organized as a
Florida corporation in 1987 and owned by a single American shareholder.
Mosler began production in 1998 of high performance sports cars based
on an aluminum honeycomb monocoque chassis. This application concerns
the MT900 (MY 2004, currently the company's only model), which is
expected to retail for $189,900. To date, the MT900 has been in and out
of production, with the following numbers of vehicles being produced
over the past three years: 12 vehicles in 2004; 8 vehicles in 2005; and
13 vehicles in 2006. Worldwide sales, as of the time of the petition,
were 10 race cars, 3 U.S. street cars, and 8 European specification
cars.
According to the petition, the company has determined that it
cannot finance the work necessary to develop and install advanced air
bags in its vehicles unless U.S. sales continue. It argued that NHTSA
has previously ``confirmed the appropriateness of an exemption when the
sales of exempted vehicles generate income to fund air bag development
expenditures in order to comply with Standard 208 at the end of the
exemption period. 64 FR 6736.'' Mosler Automotive stated that it
``therefore needs USA exempted-vehicle sales to `bridge the gap.' ''
The petitioner further stated that it ``will suffer a significant
market loss--the U.S.--in the event it does not receive the
exemption.''
The petitioner argued that it tried in good faith, but could not
bring the vehicle into compliance with the advanced air bag
requirements, and would incur substantial economic hardship if it
cannot sell vehicles in the U.S. Mosler Automotive has an extremely
long product cycle (for the MT900, the company estimates a lifespan of
11 years), which has thus far prevented it from recouping its $600,000
investment in its current standard air bag occupant restraint system.
The petitioner states that significant engineering and funding will be
necessary to upgrade to an advanced air bag system, and that the
projected overall cost of approximately $2.0 to $2.5 million is beyond
the company's current capabilities.
Eligibility. As discussed in the petition, Mosler Automotive is
independently owned by a single American shareholder. The entire
organization currently employs 25 people in the U.S. No other vehicle
manufacturer has an ownership interest in Mosler Automotive. Stated
another way, Mosler Automotive is an independent automobile
manufacturer which does not have any common control nor is otherwise
affiliated with any other vehicle manufacturer.
The company is a small volume manufacturer whose total production
has ranged from 8 to 13 vehicles per year over the period from 2004 to
2006. According to its current forecasts, Mosler Automotive anticipates
that approximately 75 vehicles would be sold in the U.S. during the
three-year period for its requested exemption, if such request were
granted.
Requested exemption. Mosler Automotive is requesting an exemption
[[Page 32394]]
for the MT900 from all of the advanced air bag requirements in S14 of
FMVSS No. 208, the rigid barrier test requirement using the 5th
percentile adult female test dummy (belted and unbelted, S15), the
offset deformable barrier test requirement using the 5th percentile
adult female test dummy (S17), the requirements to provide protection
for infants and children (S19, S21, and S23) and the requirement using
an out-of-position 5th percentile adult female test dummy at the driver
position (S25).
Mosler Automotive stated its intention to have its advanced air bag
system ready in 2009. Accordingly, the company seeks an exemption from
the above-specified requirements of FMVSS No. 208 from June 1, 2007 to
December 31, 2009.
Economic hardship. Publicly available information and also the
financial documents submitted to NHTSA by the petitioner indicate that
the MT900 project will result in financial losses unless Mosler
Automotive obtains a temporary exemption.
Over the period 2004-2006, Mosler Automotive has had net
operational losses totaling over $3 million, and the retained deficit
of the company exceeds over $23 million. The costs associated with
development of an advanced air bag system for the vehicle have been
estimated at about $2.0 to $2.5 million. The company has stated that it
cannot hope to attain profitability if it incurs additional research
and development expenses at this time.
Mosler Automotive stated that the estimated $2.0 to $2.5 million in
costs associated with advanced air bag engineering and development
included research and development, testing, tooling, and test vehicles,
as well as internal costs. In its petition, Mosler Automotive reasoned
that sales in the U.S. market must commence in order to finance this
work and that non-U.S. sales alone cannot generate sufficient income
for this purpose. In essence, Mosler Automotive argued that the
exemption is necessary to allow the company to ``bridge the gap'' until
fully compliant vehicles can be funded, developed, tooled, and
introduced for the U.S. market.
If the exemption is denied, Mosler Automotive projects a net loss
of over $3 million during the period from 2007-2009. However, if the
petition is granted, the company anticipates a profit of nearly $6.4
million during that same period. The petitioner argued that a denial of
this petition could preclude financing of the project for U.S.-
compliant vehicles, a development which would have a highly adverse
impact on the company.
Good faith efforts to comply. Mosler Automotive began production of
the latest version of the MT900 in 2004, at which time it was certified
for U.S. road use. The company has invested over $23 million on
research and development and tooling for the MT900 program. In that
time, the company was able to bring the vehicle into compliance with
all applicable NHTSA regulations, except for the advanced air bag
provisions of FMVSS No. 208.
In light of limited resources, the petitioner stated that it was
necessary to first develop the vehicle with a standard U.S. air bag
system. The company has spent $600,000 to re-engineer the MT900 to
include a standard air bag system, which it stated will then be
developed into an advanced air bag system.
According to its petition, even though advanced air bags are beyond
its current capabilities, Mosler Automotive is nonetheless planning for
the introduction of these devices. The company stated that Siemens
Restraint Systems will spearhead this effort, and current plans
estimate a cost of between $2.0 and $2.5 million (excluding internal
costs) and a minimum lead time of 24 months for the advanced air bag
project. Mosler Automotive stated that the following engineering
efforts are needed to upgrade the MT900's standard air bag system to an
advanced air bag system: (1) Tooling for prototypes and production
vehicles; (2) contractor engineering; (3) air bag system materials; (4)
cost of test vehicles; (5) integration of air bag electronics; (6)
radio frequency interference/electromagnetic compatibility testing; (7)
significant design and development of interior components including
seats and dashboard; (8) crash testing; and (9) system validation.
NHTSA notes that this estimate is based on a quotation from Siemens
that appears to have expired, and has requested updated information
from the petitioner to ensure that the estimate is still accurate.
In addition, Mosler Automotive emphasized that finding suppliers
willing to work with a manufacturer with very low production volumes
has proven extremely difficult, and as a result, the company must wait
for technology to ``trickle down'' from larger manufacturers and
suppliers. Mosler Automotive further stated that, as a small volume
manufacturer, the company simply does not have the internal resources
to do full U.S. homologation projects without reliance on outside
suppliers of advanced engineering technologies.
In short, Mosler Automotive argued that, despite good faith
efforts, limited resources prevent it from bringing the vehicle into
compliance with all applicable requirements, and it is beyond the
company's current capabilities to bring the vehicle into full
compliance until such time as additional resources become available as
a result of U.S. sales. Mosler Automotive stated in its petition that
it expects its advanced air bag system to be ready in 2009, and that an
exemption would allow it to maintain continued operations until then.
Mosler Automotive argues that an exemption would be in the public
interest. The petitioner put forth several arguments in favor of a
finding that the requested exemption is consistent with the public
interest and would not have a significant adverse impact on safety.
Specifically, Mosler Automotive argued that the vehicle would be
equipped with a fully-compliant standard U.S. air bag system (i.e., one
meeting all requirements of FMVSS No. 208 prior to implementation of
S14). Furthermore, the company emphasized that the MT900 will comply
with all other applicable FMVSSs.
The company asserted that granting the exemption will benefit U.S.
employment, companies, and citizens, because Mosler Automotive is a
U.S. company and employs 25 people at its Florida facility. Mosler
Automotive also argued that denial of the exemption request would have
an adverse impact on consumer choice. The company also argued that an
exemption is unlikely to have a significant safety impact because these
vehicles are not expected to be used extensively by their owners, due
to their ``second vehicle'' nature, extreme design and high cost. The
company also reasoned that given the nature of the vehicle, it is less
likely to be used to transport young children than most other vehicles.
As an additional basis for showing that its requested exemption
would be in the public interest, Mosler Automotive stated that the
MT900 has an extremely strong chassis, which is composed of aluminum
tubes and composite structural parts. According to Mosler Automotive,
the vehicle design is such that occupants are effectively placed in a
``protective `cell' '' with the chassis structure built around them.
V. Issuance of Notice of Final Action
We are providing a 30-day comment period. After considering public
comments and other available information, we will publish a notice of
[[Page 32395]]
final action on the application in the Federal Register.
Issued on: June 5, 2007.
Stephen R. Kratzke,
Associate Administrator for Rulemaking.
[FR Doc. E7-11259 Filed 6-11-07; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910-59-P