Corporate Average Fuel Economy-Request for Product Plan Information for Model Year 2007-2017 Passenger Cars and 2010-2017 Light Trucks, 8664-8677 [07-878]

Agencies

• National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
• DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

[Federal Register Volume 72, Number 38 (Tuesday, February 27, 2007)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 8664-8677]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 07-878]


=======================================================================
-----------------------------------------------------------------------

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration

49 CFR Parts 531 and 533

[Docket No. NHTSA-2007-27350]


Corporate Average Fuel Economy--Request for Product Plan 
Information for Model Year 2007-2017 Passenger Cars and 2010-2017 Light 
Trucks

AGENCY: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), 
Department of Transportation (DOT).

ACTION: Request for comments.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

SUMMARY: The purpose of this request for comments is to acquire new and 
updated information regarding vehicle manufacturers' future product 
plans to aid in implementing the President's plan for reforming and 
increasing corporate average fuel economy (CAFE) standards for 
passenger cars and further increasing the already reformed light truck 
standards. Under this plan, the President set a goal of reducing the 
annual gasoline use in 2017 by up to 8.5 billion gallons.
    More specifically, we are seeking information related to fuel 
economy improvements for MY 2007-2017 passenger cars and MY 2010-2017 
light trucks. The agency is seeking information in anticipation of 
obtaining statutory authority to reform the passenger car CAFE program 
and to set standards under that structure for MY 2010-2017 passenger 
cars. The agency is also seeking this information in anticipation of 
setting standards for MY 2012-2017 light trucks. This information will 
help the agency in assessing, in greater detail, the potential levels 
of future standards under a reformed structure, and the impact of those 
standards on gasoline consumption, manufacturers, consumers, the 
economy, and motor vehicle safety.

DATES: Comments must be received on or before May 29, 2007.

ADDRESSES: You may submit comments [identified by DOT DMS Docket Number 
2007-] by any of the following methods:
     Web Site: https://dms.dot.gov. Follow the instructions for 
submitting comments on the DOT electronic docket site.
     Fax: 1-202-493-2251.
     Mail: Docket Management Facility; U.S. Department of 
Transportation, 400 Seventh Street, SW., Nassif Building, Room PL-401, 
Washington, DC 20590-0001.
     Hand Delivery: Room PL-401 on the plaza level of the 
Nassif Building, 400 Seventh Street, SW., Washington, DC, between 9 
a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday, except Federal Holidays.
     Federal eRulemaking Portal: Go to https://
www.regulations.gov. Follow the online instructions for submitting 
comments.

[[Page 8665]]


FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: For non-legal issues, call Ken Katz, 
Lead Engineer, Fuel Economy Division, Office of International Vehicle, 
Fuel Economy and Consumer Standards at (202) 366-0846, facsimile (202) 
493-2290, electronic mail ken.katz@dot.gov. For legal issues, call 
Steve Wood, Office of the Chief Counsel, at (202) 366-2992, electronic 
mail steve.wood@dot.gov.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

I. Introduction

    In December 1975, during the aftermath of the energy crisis created 
by the oil embargo of 1973-74, Congress enacted the Energy Policy and 
Conservation Act (EPCA). The Act established an automotive fuel economy 
regulatory program by adding Title V, ``Improving Automotive 
Efficiency,'' to the Motor Vehicle Information and Cost Saving Act. 
Title V has been amended from time to time and codified without 
substantive change as Chapter 329 of Title 49 of the United States 
Code. Chapter 329 provides for the issuance of average fuel economy 
standards for passenger automobiles and automobiles that are not 
passenger automobiles (passenger cars).
    Section 32902(a) of Chapter 329 states that the Secretary of 
Transportation shall prescribe by regulation corporate average fuel 
economy (CAFE) standards for passenger cars for each model year. That 
section also states that ``each standard shall be the maximum feasible 
average fuel economy level that the Secretary decides the manufacturers 
can achieve in that model year.'' (The Secretary has delegated the 
authority to implement the automotive fuel economy program to the 
Administrator of NHTSA. (49 CFR 1.50(f))). Section 32902(f) provides 
that, in determining the maximum feasible average fuel economy level, 
we shall consider four criteria: technological feasibility, economic 
practicability, the effect of other motor vehicle standards of the 
Government on fuel economy, and the need of the United States to 
conserve energy.
    To assist the agency in analyzing vehicle manufacturers' future 
product plans NHTSA has included a number of questions, found in an 
appendix to this notice, directed primarily toward vehicle 
manufacturers. To facilitate our analysis, we are seeking detailed 
comments relative to the requests found in the appendix of this 
document. The appendix requests information from manufacturers 
regarding their product plans--including data about engines and 
transmissions--from MY 2007 through MY 2017 for passenger cars, and the 
assumptions underlying those plans. Regarding light trucks, the agency 
is asking manufacturers to update the information it provided 
previously regarding MYs 2010 and 2011 product plans and to provide 
information regarding future product plans for MYs 2012 to 2017. The 
appendix also asks manufacturers to assist the agency with its 
estimates of the future vehicle population and the fuel economy 
improvements and costs attributed to technologies.
    To facilitate comments and to ensure the conformity of data 
received regarding manufacturers' product plans from MY 2007 through MY 
2017, NHTSA has developed spreadsheet templates for manufacturers' use. 
The uniformity provided by these spreadsheets is intended to aid and 
expedite our review, integration, and analysis of the information 
provided. These templates are the preferred format for data submittal, 
and can be found on the Volpe National Transportation Systems Center 
(Volpe Center) Web site at: ftp://ftpserver.volpe.dot.gov/pub/CAFE/
templates/. (If there are difficulties in downloading these templates, 
contact Ken Katz at (202) 366-0846.) The templates include an automated 
tool (i.e., a macro) that performs some auditing to identify missing or 
potentially erroneous entries. The Appendix also includes sample tables 
that manufacturers may refer to when submitting their data to the 
Agency.

II. Comments

Submission of Comments

How Do I Prepare and Submit Comments?
    Your comments must be written and in English. To ensure that your 
comments are correctly filed in the Docket, please include the docket 
number of this document in your comments.
    Your comments must not be more than 15 pages long. (49 CFR 553.21). 
We established this limit to encourage you to write your primary 
comments in a concise fashion. However, you may attach necessary 
additional documents to your comments. There is no limit on the length 
of the attachments.
    Please submit two copies of your comments, including the 
attachments, to Docket Management at the address given above under 
ADDRESSES. Comments may also be submitted to the docket electronically 
by logging onto the Dockets Management System Web site at https://
dms.dot.gov. Click on ``Help & Information'' or ``Help/Info'' to obtain 
instructions for filing the document electronically.

How Can I Be Sure That My Comments Were Received?

    If you wish Docket Management to notify you upon its receipt of 
your comments, enclose a self-addressed, stamped postcard in the 
envelope containing your comments. Upon receiving your comments, Docket 
Management will return the postcard by mail.

How Do I Submit Confidential Business Information?

    If you wish to submit any information under a claim of 
confidentiality, you should submit three copies of your complete 
submission, including the information you claim to be confidential 
business information, to the Chief Counsel, NHTSA, at the address given 
above under FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT. In addition, you should 
submit two copies, from which you have deleted the claimed confidential 
business information, to Docket Management at the address given above 
under ADDRESSES. When you send a comment containing information claimed 
to be confidential business information, you should include a cover 
letter setting forth the information specified in our confidential 
business information regulation. (49 CFR part 512.)
Will the Agency Consider Late Comments?
    We will consider all comments that Docket Management receives 
before the close of business on the comment closing date indicated 
above under DATES. We are issuing this notice now in the anticipation 
that Congress will act quickly on the President's request for statutory 
authority necessary to reform the CAFE standards for passenger cars. 
Accordingly, the agency may be very limited in its ability to consider 
comments filed after the comment closing date.
How Can I Read the Comments Submitted by Other People?
    You may read the comments received by Docket Management at the 
address given above under ADDRESSES. The hours of the Docket are 
indicated above in the same location. You may also see the comments on 
the Internet. To read the comments on the Internet, take the following 
steps:
    (1) Go to the Docket Management System (DMS) Web page of the 
Department of Transportation (https://dms.dot.gov/).
    (2) On that page, click on ``search.''
    (3) On the next page (https://dms.dot.gov/search/
searchFormSimple.cfm), type in the

[[Page 8666]]

four-digit docket number shown at the beginning of this document. 
Example: If the docket number were ``NHTSA-1998-1234,'' you would type 
``1234.'' After typing the docket number, click on ``search.''
    (4) On the next page, which contains docket summary information for 
the docket you selected, click on the desired comments. You may 
download the comments. However, since the comments are imaged 
documents, instead of word processing documents, the downloaded 
comments are not word searchable. Please note that even after the 
comment closing date, we will continue to file relevant information in 
the Docket as it becomes available. Accordingly, we recommend that you 
periodically check the Docket for new material.
    Anyone is able to search the electronic form of all comments 
received into any of our dockets by the name of the individual 
submitting the comment (or signing the comment, if submitted on behalf 
of an association, business, labor union, etc.). You may review DOT's 
complete Privacy Act Statement in the Federal Register published on 
April 11, 2000 (Volume 65, Number 70; Pages 19477-78) or you may visit 
https://dms.dot.gov.

    Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2007; delegation of authority at 49 CFR 
1.50.

    Issued on: February 21, 2007.
Stephen R. Kratzke,
Associate Administrator for Rulemaking.

Appendix

I. Definitions

    As used in this appendix--
    1. ``Automobile,'' ``fuel economy,'' ``manufacturer,'' and ``model 
year,'' have the meaning given them in Section 32901 of Chapter 329 of 
Title 49 of the United States Code,49 U.S.C. 32901.
    2. ``Cargo-carrying volume,'' ``gross vehicle weight rating'' 
(GVWR), and ``passenger-carrying volume'' are used as defined in 49 CFR 
523.2.
    3. ``Basic engine'' has the meaning given in 40 CFR 600.002-
85(a)(21). When identifying a basic engine, respondent should provide 
the following information:
    (i) Engine displacement (in liters). If the engine has variable 
displacement (i.e., cylinder deactivation) the respondent should 
provide both the minimum and maximum engine displacement.
    (ii) Number of cylinders or rotors.
    (iii) Number of valves per cylinder.
    (iv) Cylinder configuration (V, in-line, etc.).
    (v) Other engine characteristics, abbreviated as follows:

A--Atkinson cycle
AM--Atkinson/Miller cycle
D--Diesel cycle
M--Miller cycle
O--Otto cycle
OA--Otto/Atkinson cycle
V--V-shaped
I--Inline
R--Rotary
DI--Direct injection
IDI--Indirect injection
MPFI--Multipoint fuel injection
PFI--Port fuel injection
SEFI--Sequential electronic fuel injection
SIDI--Stoichiometric spark ignition direct injection
TBI--Throttle body fuel injection
NA--Naturally aspirated
T--Turbocharged
S--Supercharged
FFS--Feedback fuel system
2S--Two-stroke engines
C--Camless
OHV--Overhead valve
SOHC--Single overhead camshaft
DOHC--Dual overhead camshafts
VVT--Variable valve timing
VVLT--Variable valve lift and timing
VCT--Variable cam timing
CYDA--Cylinder deactivation
IVT--Intake valve throttling
CVA--Camless valve actuation
VCR--Variable compression ratio
LBFB--lean burn-fast burn combustion
DCL--Dual cam lobes
E--Exhaust continuous phasing
EIE--Equal continuous intake and exhaust phasing
ICP--Intake continuous phasing
IIE--Independent continuous intake and exhaust
CV--Continuously variable valve lift
F--Fixed valve lift
SVI--Stepped variable intake with 2 or more fixed profiles
SVIE--Stepped variable intake and exhaust with 2 or more fixed profiles

    4. ``Domestically manufactured'' is used as defined in Section 
32904(b)(2) of Chapter 329, 49 U.S.C. 32904(b)(2).
    5. ``Footprint'' means the product of average track width (measured 
in inches and rounded to the nearest tenth of an inch) times wheelbase 
(measured in inches and rounded to the nearest tenth of an inch) 
divided by 144 and then rounded to the nearest tenth of a square foot. 
For purposes of this definition, track width is the lateral distance 
between the centerlines of the base tires at ground, including the 
camber angle. For purposes of this definition, wheelbase is the 
longitudinal distance between front and rear wheel centerlines.
    6. ``Passenger car'' means an automobile of the type described in 
49 CFR part 523.3 and 523.4.
    7. A ``model'' of passenger car is a line, such as the Chevrolet 
Impala, Ford Fusion, Honda Accord, etc., which exists within a 
manufacturer's fleet.
    8. ``Model Type'' is used as defined in 40 CFR 600.002-85(a)(19).
    9. ``Percent fuel economy improvements'' means that percentage 
which corresponds to the amount by which respondent could improve the 
fuel economy of vehicles in a given model or class through the 
application of a specified technology, averaged over all vehicles of 
that model or in that class which feasibly could use the technology. 
Projections of percent fuel economy improvement should be based on the 
assumption of maximum efforts by respondent to achieve the highest 
possible fuel economy increase through the application of the 
technology. The baseline for determination of percent fuel economy 
improvement is the level of technology and vehicle performance with 
respect to acceleration and gradeability for respondent's 2007 model 
year passenger cars and light trucks in the equivalent class.
    10. ``Percent production implementation rate'' means that 
percentage which corresponds to the maximum number of passenger cars of 
a specified class, which could feasibly employ a given type of 
technology if respondent made maximum efforts to apply the technology 
by a specified model year.
    11. ``Production percentage'' means the percent of respondent's 
passenger cars of a specified model projected to be manufactured in a 
specified model year.
    12. ``Project'' or ``projection'' refers to the best estimates made 
by respondent, whether or not based on less than certain information.
    13. ``Redesign'' means any change, or combination of changes, to a 
vehicle that would change its weight by 50 pounds or more or change its 
frontal area or aerodynamic drag coefficient by 2 percent or more.
    14. ``Relating to'' means constituting, defining, containing, 
explaining, embodying, reflecting, identifying, stating, referring to, 
dealing with, or in any way pertaining to.
    15. ``Respondent'' means each manufacturer (including all its 
divisions) providing answers to the questions set forth in this 
appendix, and its officers, employees, agents or servants.
    16. ``Test Weight'' is used as defined in 40 CFR 86.082-2.
    17. ``Track Width'' means the lateral distance between the 
centerlines of the base tires at ground, including the camber angle.

[[Page 8667]]

    18. ``Transmission class'' is used as defined in 40 CFR 600.002-
85(a)(22). When identifying a transmission class, respondent also must 
indicate whether the type of transmission, and whether it is equipped 
with a lockup torque converter (LUTC), a split torque converter (STC), 
and/or a wide gear ratio range (WR) and specify the number of forward 
gears or whether the transmissions a continuously variable design 
(CVT). If the transmission is of a hybrid type, that should also be 
indicated. Other descriptive information may also be added, as needed.
    19. ``Truckline'' means the name assigned by the Environmental 
Protection Agency to a different group of vehicles within a make or car 
division in accordance with that agency's 2001 model year pickup, van 
(cargo vans and passenger vans are considered separate truck lines), 
and special purpose vehicle criteria.
    20. ``Variants of existing engines'' means versions of an existing 
basic engine that differ from that engine in terms of displacement, 
method of aspiration, induction system or that weigh at least 25 pounds 
more or less than that engine.
    21. ``Wheelbase'' means the longitudinal distance between front and 
rear wheel centerlines.

II. Assumptions

    All assumptions concerning emission standards, damageability 
regulations, safety standards, etc., should be listed and described in 
detail by the respondent.

III. Specifications--Passenger Car Data

    Go to ftp://ftpserver.volpe.dot.gov/pub/CAFE/templates/ for 
spreadsheet templates. (If there are difficulties in downloading these 
templates, contact Ken Katz at (202) 366-0846.)
    1. Identify all passenger car models currently offered for sale in 
MY 2007 whose production you project discontinuing before MY 2010 and 
identify the last model year in which each will be offered.
    2. Identify all basic engines offered by respondent in MY 2007 
passenger cars which respondent projects it will cease to offer for 
sale in passenger cars before MY 2010, and identify the last model year 
in which each will be offered.
    3. For each model year 2007-2017, list all projected car lines and 
provide the information specified below for each model type. Model 
types that are essentially identical except for their nameplates (e.g., 
Ford Fusion/Mercury Milan) may be combined into one item. Engines 
having the same displacement but belonging to different engine families 
are to be grouped separately. Within the fleet, the vehicles are to be 
sorted first by car line, second by basic engine, and third by 
transmission type. For each model type, a specific indexed engine and 
transmission are to be identified. As applicable, an indexed 
predecessor model type is also to be identified. Spreadsheet templates 
can be found at ftp://ftpserver.volpe.dot.gov/pub/CAFE/templates/. 
These templates include codes and definitions for the data that the 
agency is seeking, including, but not limited to the following:
a. General Information
    1. Number--a unique number assigned to each model
    2. Manufacturer--manufacturer abbreviation (e.g., TOY)
    3. Model--name of model (e.g., Camry)
    4. Nameplate--vehicle nameplate (e.g., Camry Solara)
    5. Fuel Economy--measured in miles per gallon; weighted (FTP + 
highway) fuel economy
    6. Actual FE (FFVs)--measured in miles per gallon; for flexible 
fuel vehicles, fuel economy when vehicle is operated on gasoline only
    7. Engine Code--unique number assigned to each engine

A. Manufacturer--manufacturer abbreviation (e.g., GMC, FMC, HON)
B. Name--name of engine
C. Configuration--classified as V = V4, V6, V8, V10 or V12; I = inline; 
R = rotary
D. Fuel--classified as CNG = compressed natural gas, D = diesel, E = 
electricity, E85 = ethanol flexible-fuel, E100 = neat ethanol, G = 
gasoline, H = hydrogen, LNG = liquefied natural gas, LPG = propane, M85 
= methanol flexible-fuel, M100 = neat methanol
E. Engine's country of origin
F. Engine Oil Viscosity--typical values as text include 0W20, 5W20, 
etc.; ratio between the applied shear stress and the rate of shear, 
which measures the resistance of flow of the engine oil (as per SAE 
Glossary of Automotive Terms)
G. Cycle--combustion cycle of engine. Classified as A = Atkinson, AM = 
Atkinson/Miller, D = Diesel, M = Miller, O = Otto, OA = Otto/Atkinson
H. Air/Fuel Ratio--the weighted (FTP + highway) air/fuel ratio (mass): 
a number generally around 14.7
I. Fuel System--mechanism that delivers fuel to engine. Classified as 
DI = direct injection, IDI = indirect injection, MPFI = multipoint fuel 
injection, PFI = port fuel injection, SEFI = sequential electronic fuel 
injection, SIDI = Stoichiometric spark ignition direct injection, TBI = 
throttle body fuel injection
J. Aspiration--based on breathing or induction process of engine (as 
per SAE Automotive Dictionary). Classified as NA = naturally 
aspirated,S = supercharged, T = turbocharged
K. Valvetrain Design--describes design of the total mechanism from 
camshaft to valve of an engine that actuates the lifting and closing of 
a valve (as per SAE Glossary of Automotive Terms). Classified as C = 
camless, DOHC = dual overhead cam, OHV = overhead valve,SOHC = single 
overhead cam
L. Valve Actuation/Timing--based on valve opening and closing points in 
the operating cycle (as per SAE J604). Classified as CC = continuously 
controlled, EIE = equal continuous intake and exhaust phasing,DCL = 
dual cam lobes, E = exhaust continuous phasing, F = fixed, ICP = intake 
continuous phasing, IIE = independent continuous intake and exhaust 
phasing, or other designation, VCT = variable cam timing, VVTE = 
variable valve timing, exhaust
M. Valve Lift--describes the manner in which the valve is raised during 
combustion (as per SAE Automotive Dictionary). Classified as CV = 
continuously variable (throttled), F = fixed, SVI = stepped variable 
intake with 2 or more fixed profiles, SVIE = stepped variable intake 
and exhaust with 2 or more fixed profiles, or other designation
N. Cylinders--the number of engine cylinders. An integer equaling 3, 4, 
5, 6, 8, 10 or 12
O. Valves/Cylinder--the number of valves per cylinder. An integer from 
2 through 5
P. Deactivation--weighted (FTP + highway) aggregate degree of 
deactivation. For example, enter 0.25 for deactivation of half the 
cylinders over half the drive cycle, and enter 0 for no valve 
deactivation
Q. Displacement--total volume displaced by a piston in a single stroke, 
measured in liters
R. Compression Ratio (min)--typically a number around 8; for fixed CR 
engines, should be identical to maximum CR
S. Compression Ratio (max)--a number between 8 and 14; for fixed CR 
engines, should be identical to minimum CR
T. Horsepower--the maximum power of the engine, measured as horsepower
U. Torque--the maximum torque of the engine, measured as ft-lb.


[[Page 8668]]


    8. Transmission Code--an integer; unique number assigned to each 
transmission

A. Manufacturer--manufacturer abbreviation (e.g., GMC, FMC, HON)
B. Name--name of transmission
C. Country of origin--where the transmission is manufactured
D. Type--type of transmission. Classified as C = clutch, CVT1 = belt or 
chain CVT, CVT2 = other CVT, T = torque converter
E. Number of Forward Gears--integer indicating number of forward gears 
(or blank or ``CVT'' for CVT)
F. Control--classified as A = automatic, M = manual; ASMT would be 
coded as Type = C, Control = A
G. Logic--indicates aggressivity of automatic shifting. Classified as A 
= aggressive, C = conventional U.S.

    9. Origin--classification (under CAFE program) as domestic or 
import, listed as D = domestic, I = import
b. Sales--actual and projected U.S. production for MY2007 to MY 2017 
inclusive, measured in number of vehicles
c. Vehicle Information
    1. Style--classified as Sedan; Coupe; Hatchback; Wagon; or 
Convertible
    2. Class--classified as Two-Seater Car; Mini-Compact Car; 
Subcompact Car; Compact Car; Midsize Car; Large Car; Small Station 
Wagon; Midsize Station Wagon; or Large Station Wagon
    3. Structure--classified as either Ladder or Unibody
    4. Drive--classified as A = all-wheel drive; F = front-wheel drive; 
R = rear-wheel-drive; 4 = 4-wheel drive
    5. Length--measured in inches; defined per SAE J1100, L103 (Sept. 
2005)
    6. Width--measured in inches; defined per SAE J1100, W116 (Sept. 
2005)
    7. Wheelbase--measured in inches; defined per SAE J1100, L101 
(Sept. 2005)
    8. Track Width (front)--measured in inches; defined per SAE J1100, 
W101-1 (Sept. 2005), and clarified above
    9. Track Width (rear)--measured in inches; defined per SAE J1100, 
W101-2(Sept. 2005), and clarified above
    10. Footprint--wheelbase times average track width; measured in 
square feet, clarified above
    11. Running Clearance--measured in centimeters; defined per 49 CFR 
323.5
    12. Front Axle Clearance--measured in centimeters; defined per 49 
CFR 323.5
    13. Rear Axle Clearance--measured in centimeters; defined per 49 
CFR 323.5
    14. Angle of Approach--measured in degrees; defined per 49 CFR 
323.5
    15. Breakover Angle--measured in degrees; defined per 49 CFR 323.5
    16. Angle of Departure--measured in degrees; defined per 49 CFR 
323.5
    17. Curb Weight--total weight of vehicle including batteries, 
lubricants, and other expendable supplies but excluding the driver, 
passengers, and other payloads, measured in pounds; per SAE J1100 
(Sept. 2005)
    18. Test Weight--weight of vehicle as tested, including the driver, 
operator (if necessary), and all instrumentation (as per SAE J1263); 
measured in pounds
    19. GVWR--Gross Vehicle Weight Rating; maximum weight of loaded 
vehicle, including passengers and cargo; measured in pounds
    20. Towing Capacity (Standard)--measured in pounds
    21. Towing Capacity (Maximum)--measured in pounds
    22. Payload--measured in pounds
    23. Cargo volume behind the front row--measured in cubic feet, 
defined per Table 28 of SAE J1100 (Sept. 2005)
    24. Cargo volume behind the second row--measured in cubic feet, 
defined per Table 28 of SAE J1100 (Sept. 2005)
    25. Cargo volume behind the third row--measured in cubic feet, 
defined per Table 28 of SAE J1100 (Sept. 2005)
    26. Enclosed Volume--measured in cubic feet
    27. Passenger Volume--measured in cubic feet; the volume measured 
using SAE J1100 as per EPA Fuel Economy regulations (40 CFR 600.315-82, 
``Classes of Comparable Automobiles''). This is the number that 
manufacturers calculate and submit to EPA.
    28. Cargo Volume Index--defined per Table 28 of SAE J1100 (Sept. 
2005)
    29. Luggage Capacity--measured in cubic feet; defined per SAE 
J1100, V1 (Sept. 2005)
    30. Frontal Area--a measure of the wind profile of the vehicle, 
typically calculated as the height times width of a vehicle body, e.g. 
35 square feet.
    31. Aerodynamic Drag Coefficient, Cd--an experimentally 
derived, dimensionless coefficient that relates the motion resistance 
force created by the air drag over the entire surface of a moving 
vehicle to the force of dynamic air pressure acting only over the 
vehicle's frontal area e.g., 0.25.
    32. Tire Rolling Resistance, Crr--an experimentally 
derived, dimensionless coefficient that relates the motion resistance 
force force due to tire energy losses (e.g., deflection, scrubbing, 
slip, and air drag) to a vehicle's weight e.g., 0.0012.
    33. Seating (max)--number of usable seat belts before folding and 
removal of seats (where accomplished without special tools); provided 
in integer form
    34. Fuel Capacity--measured in gallons of diesel fuel or gasoline; 
MJ (LHV) of other fuels (or chemical battery energy)
    35. Electrical System Voltage--measured in volts, e.g., 12 volt, 42 
volts 2005)
d. MSRP--measured in dollars (2007); actual and projected average MSRP 
(sales-weighted, including options) for MY2007 to MY 2017 inclusive
e. Hybridization
    1. Type of hybridization of the vehicle, if any--classified as E = 
electric, H = hydraulic
    2. Voltage (volts) or, for hydraulic hybrids, pressure (psi)
    3. Energy storage capacity--measured in MJ
    4. Battery type--Classified as NiMH = Nickel Metal Hydride; Li-ion 
= Lithium Ion
    5. Percentage of breaking energy recovered and stored
    6. Percentage of maximum motive power provided by stored energy 
system
f. Planning and Assembly
    1. US/Canadian/Mexican Content--measured as a percentage; overall 
percentage, by value, that originated in U.S., Canada and Mexico
    2. Final Assembly City
    3. Final Assembly State/Province (if applicable)
    4. Final Assembly Country
    5. Predecessor--number and name of model upon which current model 
is based, if any
    6. Last Freshening--model year
    7. Next Freshening--model year
    8. Last Redesign--model year; where redesign means any change, or 
combination of changes to a vehicle that would change its weight by 50 
pounds or more or change its frontal area or aerodynamic drag 
coefficient by 2 percent or more.
    9. Next Redesign--model year
    10. Employment Hours Per Vehicle--number of hours of U.S. labor 
applied per vehicle produced
    The agency also requests that each manufacturer provide an estimate 
of its overall passenger car CAFE for each model year. This estimate 
should be included as an entry in the spreadsheets that are submitted 
to the agency.
    4. Does respondent project introducing any variants of existing 
basic engines or any new basic engines, other than those mentioned in 
your response to Question 3, in its passenger car fleets in MYs 2007-
2017? If so, for each basic engine or variant indicate:
    a. The projected year of introduction,
    b. Type (e.g., spark ignition, direct injection diesel, 2-cycle, 
alternative fuel use),

[[Page 8669]]

    c. Displacement (If engine has variable displacement, please 
provide the minimum and maximum displacement),
    d. Type of induction system (e.g., fuel injection with 
turbocharger, naturally aspirated),
    e. Cylinder configuration (e.g., V-8, V-6, I-4),
    f. Number of valves per cylinder (e.g., 2, 3, 4),
    g. Valvetrain design (e.g., overhead valve, overhead camshaft),
    h. Valve technology (e.g., variable valve timing, variable valve 
lift and timing, intake valve throttling, camless valve actuation, 
etc.),
    i. Horsepower and torque ratings,
    j. Models in which engines are to be used, giving the introduction 
model year for each model if different from ``a,'' above.
    5. Relative to MY 2007 levels, for MYs 2007-2017, please provide 
information, by carline and as an average effect on a manufacturer's 
entire passenger car fleet, on the weight and/or fuel economy impacts 
of the following standards or equipment:
    a. Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS 208) Automatic 
Restraints,
    b. FMVSS 201 Occupant Protection in Interior Impact,
    c. Voluntary installation of safety equipment (e.g., antilock 
brakes),
    d. Environmental Protection Agency regulations,
    e. California Air Resources Board requirements,
    f. Other applicable motor vehicle regulations affecting fuel 
economy.
    6. For each of the model years 2007-2017, and for each passenger 
car model projected to be manufactured by respondent (if answers differ 
for the various models), provide the requested information on new 
technology applications for each of items ``6a'' through ``6r'' listed 
below:
    (i) description of the nature of the technological improvement;
    (ii) the percent fuel economy improvement averaged over the model;
    (iii) the basis for your answer to 6(ii), (e.g., data from 
dynamometer tests conducted by respondent, engineering analysis, 
computer simulation, reports of test by others);
    (iv) the percent production implementation rate and the reasons 
limiting the implementation rate;
    (v) a description of the 2007 baseline technologies and the 2007 
implementation rate; and
    (vi) the reasons for differing answers you provide to items (ii) 
and (iv) for different models in each model year. Include as a part of 
your answer to 6(ii) and 6(iv) a tabular presentation, a sample portion 
of which is shown in Table III-A.
    a. Improved automatic transmissions. Projections of percent fuel 
economy improvements should include benefits of lock-up or bypassed 
torque converters, electronic control of shift points and torque 
converter lock-up, and other measures which should be described.
    b. Improved manual transmissions. Projections of percent of fuel 
economy improvement should include the benefits of increasing 
mechanical efficiency, using improved transmission lubricants, and 
other measures (specify).
    c. Overdrive transmissions. If not covered in ``a'' or ``b'' above, 
project the percentage of fuel economy improvement attributable to 
overdrive transmissions (integral or auxiliary gear boxes), two-speed 
axles, or other similar devices intended to increase the range of 
available gear ratios. Describe the devices to be used and the 
application by model, engine, axle ratio, etc.
    d. Use of engine crankcase lubricants of lower viscosity or with 
additives to improve friction characteristics or accelerate engine 
break-in, or otherwise improved lubricants to lower engine friction 
horsepower. When describing the 2007 baseline, specify the viscosity of 
and any fuel economy-improving additives used in the factory-fill 
lubricants.
    e. Reduction of engine parasitic losses through improvement of 
engine-driven accessories or accessory drives. Typical engine-driven 
accessories include water pump, cooling fan, alternator, power steering 
pump, air conditioning compressor, and vacuum pump.
    f. Reduction of tire rolling losses, through changes in inflation 
pressure, use of materials or constructions with less hysteresis, 
geometry changes (e.g., reduced aspect ratio), reduction in sidewall 
and tread deflection, and other methods. When describing the 2007 
baseline, include a description of the tire types used and the percent 
usage rate of each type.
    g. Reduction in other driveline losses, including losses in the 
non-powered wheels, the differential assembly, wheel bearings, 
universal joints, brake drag losses, use of improved lubricants in the 
differential and wheel bearing, and optimizing suspension geometry 
(e.g., to minimize tire scrubbing loss).
    h. Reduction of aerodynamic drag.
    i. Turbocharging or supercharging.
    j. Improvements in the efficiency of 4-cycle spark ignition engines 
including (1) increased compression ratio; (2) leaner air-to-fuel 
ratio; (3) revised combustion chamber configuration; (4) fuel 
injection; (5) electronic fuel metering; (6) interactive electronic 
control of engine operating parameters (spark advance, exhaust gas 
recirculation, air-to-fuel ratio); (8) variable valve timing or valve 
lift; (9) multiple valves per cylinder; (10) cylinder deactivation; 
(11) friction reduction by means such as low tension piston rings and 
roller cam followers; (12) higher temperature operation; and (13) other 
methods (specify).
    k. Direct injection gasoline engines.
    l. Naturally aspirated diesel engines, with direct or indirect fuel 
injection.
    m. Turbocharged or supercharged diesel engines with direct or 
indirect fuel injection.
    n. Stratified-charge reciprocating or rotary engines, with direct 
or indirect fuel injection.
    o. Two cycle spark ignition engines.
    p. Use of hybrid drivetrains.
    q. Use of fuel cells; provide a thorough description of the fuel 
cell technology employed, including fuel type and power output.
    r. Other technologies for improving fuel economy or efficiency.
    7. For each model of respondent's passenger car fleet projected to 
be manufactured in each of MYs 2007-2017, describe the methods used to 
achieve reductions in average test weight. For each specified model 
year and model, describe the extent to which each of the following 
methods for reducing vehicle weight will be used. Separate listings are 
to be used for 4x2 passenger cars, 4x4 passenger cars, and all-wheel 
drive passenger cars.
    a. Substitution of materials.
    b. ``Downsizing'' of existing vehicle design to reduce weight while 
maintaining interior roominess and comfort for passengers, and utility, 
i.e., the same or approximately the same, payload and cargo volume, 
using the same basic body configuration and driveline layout as current 
counterparts.
    c. Use of new vehicle body configuration concepts, which provides 
reduced weight for approximately the same payload and cargo volume.
    8. Indicate any MY 2007-2017 passenger car model types that have 
higher average test weights than comparable MY 2006 model types. 
Describe the reasons for any weight increases (e.g., increased option 
content, less use of premium materials) and provide supporting 
justification.
    9. For each new or redesigned vehicle identified in response to 
Question 3 and each new engine or fuel economy improvement identified 
in your response to Questions 3, 4, 5, and 6, provide your best 
estimate of the

[[Page 8670]]

following, in terms of constant 2007 dollars:
    (a) Total capital costs required to implement the new/redesigned 
model or improvement according to the implementation schedules 
specified in your response. Subdivide the capital costs into tooling, 
facilities, launch, and engineering costs.
    (b) The maximum production capacity, expressed in units of capacity 
per year, associated with the capital expenditure in (a) above. Specify 
the number of production shifts on which your response is based and 
define ``maximum capacity'' as used in your answer.
    (c) The actual capacity that is planned to be used each year for 
each new/redesigned model or fuel economy improvement.
    (d) The increase in variable costs per affected unit, based on the 
production volume specified in (b) above.
    (e) The equivalent retail price increase per affected vehicle for 
each new/redesigned model or improvement. Provide an example describing 
methodology used to determine the equivalent retail price increase.
    10. Please provide respondent's actual and projected U.S. passenger 
car sales, 4x2 and 4x4, 0-8,500 lbs. GVWR for each model year from 2007 
through 2017, inclusive. Please subdivide the data into the following 
vehicle categories:

i. Two-Seater Car (e.g., Chevrolet Corvette, Honda S2000, Porsche 
Boxter)
ii. Mini-Compact Car (e.g., Audi TT, Mitsubishi Eclipse, Mini Cooper)
iii. Compact Car (e.g., Ford Focus, VW Golf, Kia Rio)
iv. Midsize Car (e.g., Chevrolet Malibu, Honda Accord, Toyota Camry)
v. Large Car (e.g., Ford Crown Victoria, Cadillac DTS, Mercedes 
Maybach)
vi. Small Station Wagon (e.g., BMW 325 Sport Wagon, Subaru Impreza 
Wagon, Pontiac Vibe/Toyota Matrix)
vii. Midsize Station Wagon (e.g., Saab 9-5 Wagon, Volvo V70 Wagon, 
Jaguar X-Type Wagon)
viii. Large Station Wagon (e.g., Mercedes E-Class Wagon, Dodge Magnum, 
BMW 530 XiT Wagon)

    See Table III-B for a sample format.
    11. Please provide your estimates of projected total industry U.S. 
passenger car sales for each model year from 2007 through 2017, 
inclusive. Please subdivide the data into 4x2, 4x4 and all-wheel drive 
sales and into the vehicle categories listed in the sample format in 
Table III-C.
    12. Please provide your company's assumptions for U.S. gasoline and 
diesel fuel prices during 2007 through 2017.
    13. Please provide projected production capacity available for the 
North American market (at standard production rates) for each of your 
company's passenger carline designations during MYs 2007-2017.
    14. Please provide your estimate of production lead-time for new 
models, your expected model life in years, and the number of years over 
which tooling costs are amortized.

    Note: The parenthetical numbers in Tables III-A refer to the 
items in Section III, Specifications.


                                                          Table III-A.--Technology Improvements
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                     Percent fuel                Models on          Production share of model with
                                                          Baseline      economy     Basis for      which              technological improvement
               Technological improvement                 technology  improvement,  improvement   technology --------------------------------------------
                                                                           %         estimate    is applied    2007     2008     2009     2010    2011+
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(6a.) Improved Auto Trans:
    A5................................................  ...........           4.0  ...........  ...........       20       35       50       60       80
    A6................................................  ...........           4.5  ...........  ...........       15       20       30       40       55
    A7................................................  ...........           5.0  ...........  ...........        0        0       15       25       35
(6b.) Improved Manual Trans:
    M5................................................  ...........           1.0  ...........  ...........       12       15       20       25       32
    M6................................................  ...........           0.7  ...........  ...........        0        0        0        8       10
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


                           Table III-B.--Actual and Projected U.S. Passenger Car Sales
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                               Amalgamated Motors passenger car sales projections
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                     Model year
            Model line             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                        2007         2008         2009         2010         2011        2012+
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Two-Seater........................       43,500  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........
Mini-Compact......................      209,340  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........
Subcompact........................      120,000  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........
Compact...........................       60,000  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........
Midsize...........................       20,000  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........
Large.............................       29,310  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........
Small Station Wagon...............       54,196  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........
Midsize Station Wagon.............       38,900  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........
Large Station Wagon...............       24,000  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........
                                   -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total.........................          TBD  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


                                  Table III-C.--Total U.S. Passenger Car Sales
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Model type                  2007         2008         2009         2010         2011        2012+
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Two-Seater........................  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........
Mini-Compact......................  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........
Subcompact........................  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........

[[Page 8671]]

 
Compact...........................  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........
Midsize...........................  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........
Large.............................  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........
Small Station Wagon...............  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........
Midsize Station Wagon.............  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........
Large Station Wagon...............  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........
                                   -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total.........................  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

IV. Specifications--Light Truck Data

    Go to ftp://ftpserver.volpe.dot.gov/pub/CAFE/templates/ for 
spreadsheet templates. (If there are difficulties in downloading these 
templates, contact Ken Katz at (202) 366-0846.)
    1. Identify all light truck models currently offered for sale in MY 
2007 whose production you project discontinuing before MY 2010 and 
identify the last model year in which each will be offered.
    2. Identify all basic engines offered by respondent in MY 2007 
light trucks which respondent projects it will cease to offer for sale 
in light trucks before MY 2010, and identify the last model year in 
which each will be offered.
    3. For each model year 2010-2017, list all projected light truck 
lines and provide the information specified below for each model type. 
Model types that are essentially identical except for their nameplates 
(e.g., Chrysler Town & Country/Dodge Caravan) may be combined into one 
item. Engines having the same displacement but belonging to different 
engine families are to be grouped separately. Within the fleet, the 
vehicles are to be sorted first by truck line, second by basic engine, 
and third by transmission type. For each model type, a specific indexed 
engine and transmission are to be identified. As applicable, an indexed 
predecessor model type is also to be identified. Spreadsheet templates 
can be found at ftp://ftpserver.volpe.dot.gov/pub/CAFE/templates/. 
These templates include codes and definitions for the data that the 
Agency is seeking, including, but not limited to the following:
a. General Information
    1. Number--a unique number assigned to each model
    2. Manufacturer--manufacturer abbreviation (e.g., GMC)
    3. Model--name of model (e.g., Escalade)
    4. Nameplate--vehicle nameplate (e.g., Escalade ESV)
    5. Fuel Economy--measured in miles per gallon; weighted (FTP + 
highway) fuel economy
    6. Actual FE (FFVs)--measured in miles per gallon; for flexible 
fuel vehicles, fuel economy when vehicle is operated on gasoline only
    7. Engine Code--unique number assigned to each engine

A. Manufacturer--manufacturer abbreviation (e.g., GMC, FMC, HON)
B. Name--name of engine
C. Configuration--classified as V = V4, V6, V8, V10 or V12; I = inline; 
R = rotary
D. Fuel--classified as CNG = compressed natural gas, D = diesel, E = 
electricity, E85 = ethanol flexible-fuel, E100 = neat ethanol, G = 
gasoline, H = hydrogen, LNG = liquefied natural gas, LPG = propane,M85 
= methanol flexible-fuel, M100 = neat methanol
E. Engine's country of origin
F. Engine Oil Viscosity--typical values as text include 0W20, 5W20, 
etc.; ratio between the applied shear stress and the rate of shear, 
which measures the resistance of flow of the engine oil (as per SAE 
Glossary of Automotive Terms)
G. Cycle--combustion cycle of engine. Classified as A = Atkinson, AM = 
Atkinson/Miller, D = Diesel, M = Miller, O = Otto, OA = Otto/Atkinson
H. Air/Fuel Ratio--the weighted (FTP + highway) air/fuel ratio (mass): 
a number generally around 14.7
I. Fuel System--mechanism that delivers fuel to engine. Classified as 
DI = direct injection, IDI = indirect injection, MPFI = multipoint fuel 
injection, PFI = port fuel injection, SEFI = sequential electronic fuel 
injection, SIDI = Stoichiometric spark ignition direct injection, TBI = 
throttle body fuel injection
J. Aspiration--based on breathing or induction process of engine (as 
per SAE Automotive Dictionary). Classified as NA = naturally aspirated, 
S = supercharged, T = turbocharged
K. Valvetrain Design--describes design of the total mechanism from 
camshaft to valve of an engine that actuates the lifting and closing of 
a valve (as per SAE Glossary of Automotive Terms). Classified as C = 
camless, DOHC = dual overhead cam, OHV = overhead valve, SOHC = single 
overhead cam
L. Valve Actuation/Timing--based on valve opening and closing points in 
the operating cycle (as per SAE J604). Classified as CC = continuously 
controlled, EIE = equal continuous intake and exhaust phasing,DCL = 
dual cam lobes, E = exhaust continuous phasing, F = fixed, ICP = intake 
continuous phasing, IIE = independent continuous intake and exhaust 
phasing, or other designation, VCT = variable cam timing, VVTE = 
variable valve timing, exhaust
M. Valve Lift--describes the manner in which the valve is raised during 
combustion (as per SAE Automotive Dictionary). Classified as CV = 
continuously variable (throttled), F = fixed, SVI = stepped variable 
intake with 2 or more fixed profiles, SVIE = stepped variable intake 
and exhaust with 2 or more fixed profiles, or other designation
N. Cylinders--the number of engine cylinders. An integer equaling 3, 4, 
5, 6, 8, 10 or 12
O. Valves/Cylinder--the number of valves per cylinder. An integer from 
2 through 5
P. Deactivation--weighted (FTP + highway) aggregate degree of 
deactivation. For example, enter 0.25 for deactivation of half the 
cylinders over half the drive cycle, and enter 0 for no valve 
deactivation
Q. Displacement--total volume displaced by a piston in a single stroke, 
measured in liters
R. Compression Ratio (min)--typically a number around 8; for fixed CR 
engines, should be identical to maximum CR
S. Compression Ratio (max)--a number between 8 and 14; for fixed CR 
engines, should be identical to minimum CR
T. Horsepower--the maximum power of the engine, measured as horsepower.
U. Torque--the maximum torque of the engine, measured as ft-lb.

    8. Transmission Code--an integer; unique number assigned to each 
transmission


[[Page 8672]]


A. Manufacturer--manufacturer abbreviation (e.g., GMC, FMC, HON)
B. Name--name of transmission
C. Country of origin--where the transmission is manufactured
D. Type--type of transmission. Classified as C = clutch, CVT1 = belt or 
chain CVT, CVT2 = other CVT, T = torque converter
E. Number of Forward Gears--integer indicating number of forward gears 
(or blank or ``CVT'' for CVT)
F. Control--classified as A = automatic, M = manual; ASMT would be 
coded as Type = C, Control = A
G. Logic--indicates aggressivity of automatic shifting. Classified as A 
= aggressive, C = conventional U.S.
    9. Origin--classification (under CAFE program) as domestic or 
import, listed as D = domestic, I = import
b. Sales--Actual and Projected U.S. Production for MY2010 to MY 2017 
Inclusive, Measured in Number of Vehicles
c. Vehicle Information
    1. Style--classified as Crossover; Pickup; Sport Utility; or Van
    2. Class--classified as Cargo Van; Crossover Vehicle; Large Pickup; 
Midsize Pickup; Minivan; Passenger Van; Small Pickup; Sport Utility 
Vehicle; or Sport Utility Truck
    3. Structure--classified as either Ladder or Unibody
    4. Drive--classified as A = all-wheel drive; F = front-wheel drive; 
R = rear-wheel-drive; 4 = 4-wheel drive
    5. Length--measured in inches; defined per SAE J1100, L103 (Sept. 
2005)
    6. Width--measured in inches; defined per SAE J1100, W116 (Sept. 
2005)
    7. Wheelbase--measured in inches; defined per SAE J1100, L101 
(Sept. 2005)
    8. Track Width (front)--measured in inches; defined per SAE J1100, 
W101-1 (Sept. 2005), and clarified above
    9. Track Width (rear)--measured in inches; defined per SAE J1100, 
W101-2(Sept. 2005), and clarified above
    10. Footprint--wheelbase times average track width; measured in 
square feet, clarified above
    11. Running Clearance--measured in centimeters; defined per 49 CFR 
323.5
    12. Front Axle Clearance--measured in centimeters; defined per 49 
CFR 323.5
    13. Rear Axle Clearance--measured in centimeters; defined per 49 
CFR 323.5
    14. Angle of Approach--measured in degrees; defined per 49 CFR 
323.5
    15. Breakover Angle--measured in degrees; defined per 49 CFR 323.5
    16. Angle of Departure--measured in degrees; defined per 49 CFR 
323.5
    17. Curb Weight--total weight of vehicle including batteries, 
lubricants, and other expendable supplies but excluding the driver, 
passengers, and other payloads, measured in pounds; per SAE J1100 
(Sept. 2005)
    18. Test Weight--weight of vehicle as tested, including the driver, 
operator(if necessary), and all instrumentation (as per SAE J1263); 
measured in pounds
    19. GVWR--Gross Vehicle Weight Rating; maximum weight of loaded 
vehicle, including passengers and cargo; measured in pounds
    20. Towing Capacity (Standard)--measured in pounds
    21. Towing Capacity (Maximum)--measured in pounds
    22. Payload--measured in pounds
    23. Cargo volume behind the front row--measured in cubic feet, 
defined per Table 28 of SAE J1100 (Sept. 2005)
    24. Cargo volume behind the second row--measured in cubic feet, 
defined per Table 28 of SAE J1100 (Sept. 2005)
    25. Cargo volume behind the third row--measured in cubic feet, 
defined per Table 28 of SAE J1100 (Sept. 2005)
    26. Enclosed Volume--measured in cubic feet
    27. Passenger Volume--measured in cubic feet; the volume measured 
using SAE J1100 as per EPA Fuel Economy regulations (40 CFR 600.315-82, 
``Classes of Comparable Automobiles''). This is the number that 
manufacturers calculate and submit to EPA.
    28. Cargo Volume Index--defined per Table 28 of SAE J1100 (Sept. 
2005)
    29. Luggage Capacity--measured in cubic feet; defined per SAE 
J1100, V1 (Sept. 2005)
    30. Frontal Area--a measure of the wind profile of the vehicle, 
typically calculated as the height times width of a vehicle body, e.g. 
35 square feet.
    31. Aerodynamic Drag Coefficient, Cd--an experimentally 
derived, dimensionless coefficient that relates the motion resistance 
force created by the air drag over the entire surface of a moving 
vehicle to the force of dynamic air pressure acting only over the 
vehicle's frontal area e.g., 0.25.
    32. Tire Rolling Resistance, Crrr--an experimentally 
derived, dimensionless coefficient that relates the motion resistance 
force force due to tire energy losses (e.g., deflection, scrubbing, 
slip, and air drag) to a vehicle's weight e.g., 0.0012.
    33. Seating (max)--number of usable seat belts before folding and 
removal of seats (where accomplished without special tools); provided 
in integer form
    34. Fuel Capacity--measured in gallons of diesel fuel or gasoline; 
MJ (LHV) of other fuels (or chemical battery energy)
    35. Electrical System Voltage--measured in volts, e.g., 12 volt, 42 
volts 2005
d. MSRP--Measured in Dollars (2007); Actual and Projected Average MSRP 
(Sales-Weighted, Including Options) for MY2010 to MY 2017 Inclusive
e. Hybridization
    1. Type of hybridization of the vehicle, if any--classified as E = 
electric, H = hydraulic
    2. Voltage (volts) or, for hydraulic hybrids, pressure (psi)
    3. Energy storage capacity--measured in MJ
    4. Battery type--Classified as NiMH = Nickel Metal Hydride; Li-ion 
= Lithium Ion
    5. Percentage of breaking energy recovered and stored
    6. Percentage of maximum motive power provided by stored energy 
system
f. Planning and Assembly
    1. U.S./Canadian/Mexican Content--measured as a percentage; overall 
percentage, by value, that originated in U.S., Canada and Mexico
    2. Final Assembly City
    3. Final Assembly State/Province (if applicable)
    4. Final Assembly Country
    5. Predecessor--number and name of model upon which current model 
is based, if any
    6. Last Freshening--model year
    7. Next Freshening--model year
    8. Last Redesign--model year; where redesign means any change, or 
combination of changes to a vehicle that would change its weight by 50 
pounds or more or change its frontal area or aerodynamic drag 
coefficient by 2 percent or more.
    9. Next Redesign--model year
    10. Employment Hours Per Vehicle--number of hours of U.S. labor 
applied per vehicle produced
    The agency also requests that each manufacturer provide an estimate 
of its overall light truck CAFE for each model year. This estimate 
should be included as an entry in the spreadsheets that are submitted 
to the agency.
    4. Does respondent project introducing any variants of existing 
basic engines or any new basic engines, other than those mentioned in 
your response to Question 3, in its light truck fleets in MYs 2010-
2017? If so, for each basic engine or variant indicate:
    a. The projected year of introduction,
    b. Type (e.g., spark ignition, direct injection diesel, 2-cycle, 
alternative fuel use),

[[Page 8673]]

    c. Displacement (If engine has variable displacement, please 
provide the minimum and maximum displacement),
    d. Type of induction system (e.g., fuel injection with 
turbocharger, naturally aspirated),
    e. Cylinder configuration (e.g., V-8, V-6, I-4),
    f. Number of valves per cylinder (e.g., 2, 3, 4),
    g. Valvetrain design (e.g., overhead valve, overhead camshaft)
    h. Valve technology (e.g., variable valve timing, variable valve 
lift and timing, intake valve throttling, camless valve actuation, 
etc.)
    i. Horsepower and torque ratings,
    j. Models in which engines are to be used, giving the introduction 
model year for each model if different from ``a,'' above.
    5. Relative to MY 2007 levels, for MYs 2010-2017, please provide 
information, by truckline and as an average effect on a manufacturer's 
entire light truck fleet, on the weight and/or fuel economy impacts of 
the following standards or equipment:
    a. Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS 208) Automatic 
Restraints
    b. FMVSS 201 Occupant Protection in Interior Impact
    c. Voluntary installation of safety equipment (e.g., antilock 
brakes)
    d. Environmental Protection Agency regulations
    e. California Air Resources Board requirements
    f. Other applicable motor vehicle regulations affecting fuel 
economy.
    6. For each of the model years 2010-2017, and for each light truck 
model projected to be manufactured by respondent (if answers differ for 
the various models), provide the requested information on new 
technology applications for each of items ``6a'' through ``6r'' listed 
below:
    (i) description of the nature of the technological improvement;
    (ii) the percent fuel economy improvement averaged over the model;
    (iii) the basis for your answer to 6(ii), (e.g., data from 
dynamometer tests conducted by respondent, engineering analysis, 
computer simulation, reports of test by others);
    (iv) the percent production implementation rate and the reasons 
limiting the implementation rate;
    (v) a description of the 2007 baseline technologies and the 2007 
implementation rate; and
    (vi) the reasons for differing answers you provide to items (ii) 
and (iv) for different models in each model year. Include as a part of 
your answer to 6(ii) and 6(iv) a tabular presentation, a sample portion 
of which is shown in Table III-A.
    a. Improved automatic transmissions. Projections of percent fuel 
economy improvements should include benefits of lock-up or bypassed 
torque converters, electronic control of shift points and torque 
converter lock-up, and other measures which should be described.
    b. Improved manual transmissions. Projections of percent of fuel 
economy improvement should include the benefits of increasing 
mechanical efficiency, using improved transmission lubricants, and 
other measures (specify).
    c. Overdrive transmissions. If not covered in ``a'' or ``b'' above, 
project the percentage of fuel economy improvement attributable to 
overdrive transmissions (integral or auxiliary gear boxes), two-speed 
axles, or other similar devices intended to increase the range of 
available gear ratios. Describe the devices to be used and the 
application by model, engine, axle ratio, etc.
    d. Use of engine crankcase lubricants of lower viscosity or with 
additives to improve friction characteristics or accelerate engine 
break-in, or otherwise improved lubricants to lower engine friction 
horsepower. When describing the 2007 baseline, specify the viscosity of 
and any fuel economy-improving additives used in the factory-fill 
lubricants.
    e. Reduction of engine parasitic losses through improvement of 
engine-driven accessories or accessory drives. Typical engine-driven 
accessories include water pump, cooling fan, alternator, power steering 
pump, air conditioning compressor, and vacuum pump.
    f. Reduction of tire rolling losses, through changes in inflation 
pressure, use of materials or constructions with less hysteresis, 
geometry changes (e.g., reduced aspect ratio), reduction in sidewall 
and tread deflection, and other methods. When describing the 2007 
baseline, include a description of the tire types used and the percent 
usage rate of each type.
    g. Reduction in other driveline losses, including losses in the 
non-powered wheels, the differential assembly, wheel bearings, 
universal joints, brake drag losses, use of improved lubricants in the 
differential and wheel bearing, and optimizing suspension geometry 
(e.g., to minimize tire scrubbing loss).
    h. Reduction of aerodynamic drag.
    i. Turbocharging or supercharging.
    j. Improvements in the efficiency of 4-cycle spark ignition engines 
including (1) increased compression ratio; (2) leaner air-to-fuel 
ratio; (3) revised combustion chamber configuration; (4) fuel 
injection; (5) electronic fuel metering; (6) interactive electronic 
control of engine operating parameters (spark advance, exhaust gas 
recirculation, air-to-fuel ratio); (8) variable valve timing or valve 
lift; (9) multiple valves per cylinder; (10) cylinder deactivation; 
(11) friction reduction by means such as low tension piston rings and 
roller cam followers; (12) higher temperature operation; and (13) other 
methods (specify).
    k. Direct injection gasoline engines.
    l. Naturally aspirated diesel engines, with direct or indirect fuel 
injection.
    m. Turbocharged or supercharged diesel engines with direct or 
indirect fuel injection.
    n. Stratified-charge reciprocating or rotary engines, with direct 
or indirect fuel injection.
    o. Two cycle spark ignition engines.
    p. Use of hybrid drivetrains.
    q. Use of fuel cells; provide a thorough description of the fuel 
cell technology employed, including fu