Spyker Automobielen B.V.; Grant of Application for a Temporary Exemption From Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards No. 108, and 208; and Part 581 Bumper Standard, 39007-39009 [05-13250]
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Federal Register / Vol. 70, No. 128 / Wednesday, July 6, 2005 / Notices
• Given the extensive industrial and
commercial development in the
corridor, historic resources evaluation
and a high potential to encounter
historic archaeological resources; and
• Potential impacts to nearby
sensitive receptors to air and noise
emissions.
V. FTA Procedures
A Draft EIS/EIR for eBART will be
prepared following FTA policy and all
federal laws, regulations, and executive
orders affecting project development,
including but not limited to the
regulations of the Council on
Environmental Quality and FTA
implementing guidance implementing
NEPA (40 CFR parts 1500–1508, and 23
CFR part 771), the Clean Air Act,
section 404 of the Clean Water Act,
Executive Order 12898 regarding
environmental justice, the National
Historic Preservation Act, the
Endangered Species Act, and section
4(f) of the Department of Transportation
Act to the maximum extent practicable
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After its publication, the Draft EIS/EIR
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Issued on: June 29, 2005.
Leslie T. Rogers,
Regional Administrator.
[FR Doc. 05–13268 Filed 7–5–05; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910–57–P
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
National Highway Traffic Safety
Administration
[Docket No. NHTSA–2005–20455, Notice 2]
Spyker Automobielen B.V.; Grant of
Application for a Temporary
Exemption From Federal Motor Vehicle
Safety Standards No. 108, and 208; and
Part 581 Bumper Standard
National Highway Traffic
Safety Administration (NHTSA), DOT.
ACTION: Grant of Application for a
Temporary Exemption from Federal
Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 208,
AGENCY:
VerDate jul<14>2003
16:35 Jul 05, 2005
Jkt 205001
and Part 581 Bumper Standard. Partial
Grant of Application for a Temporary
Exemption from Federal Motor Vehicle
Safety Standard No. 108.
SUMMARY: This notice grants the Spyker
Automobielen B.V. (‘‘Spyker’’)
application for a temporary exemption
from the requirements of S4.1.5.3 and
S14 of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety
Standard (FMVSS) No. 208, Occupant
crash protection, and Part 581 Bumper
Standard. This notice also partially
grants the Spyker application for a
temporary exemption from FMVSS No.
108, Lamps, reflective devices, and
associated equipment. The exemptions
apply to the Spyker C8 vehicle line. In
accordance with 49 CFR Part 555, the
basis for the grant is that compliance
would cause substantial economic
hardship to a manufacturer that has
tried in good faith to comply with the
standard.1 While the exemption from
FMVSS No. 208 and Part 581 will be
effective for a period of three years, the
exemption from FMVSS No. 108 is
limited to the first 10 Spyker C8
vehicles imported and sold in the
United States.
The National Highway Traffic Safety
Administration (NHTSA) published a
notice of receipt of the application on
March 29, 2005, and afforded an
opportunity for comment.2
DATES: The exemption from FMVSS No.
208, and Part 581, Bumper standard, is
effective from June 15, 2005 until June
15, 2008. The exemption from FMVSS
No. 108 applies to not more than 10
Spyker C8 vehicles sold in the United
States.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
George Feygin in the Office of Chief
Counsel, NCC–112, (Phone: 202–366–
2992; Fax 202–366–3820; E-Mail:
George.Feygin@nhtsa.dot.gov).
I. Background
Spyker is a small publicly traded
Dutch vehicle manufacturer established
in 2002. Spyker manufactures handbuilt high-performance automobiles
similar to vehicles manufactured by
Ferrari, Lamborghini, Saleen, and other
high-performance vehicle
manufacturers.3 Spyker has
manufactured approximately 50 model
C8 vehicles, and has back orders
approaching 80 vehicles.4
1 To view the petition and other supporting
documents, please go to: https://dms.dot.gov/search/
searchFormSimple.cfm (Docket No. NHTSA–2005–
20455).
2 See 70 FR 15987.
3 For more information on Spyker, see https://
www.spykercars.com/.
4 https://www.spykercars.com/meta/investors/pdf/
Financieel/first_halfjaar_report_2004.pdf.
PO 00000
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Sfmt 4703
39007
To date, Spyker has been unable to
develop compliant bumpers and air bags
for the C8 and has requested a threeyear exemption from the applicable air
bag and bumper requirements in order
to develop compliant bumpers and air
bags. The petitioner anticipates that the
funding necessary for these compliance
efforts will come from immediate sales
of Spyker C8 in the United States. These
sales would amount to approximately
50 model C8 vehicles per year.
If the exemption is granted, Spyker
has indicated that it would be able to
sell fully compliant vehicles by 2008. If
the exemption is denied, Spyker has
indicated that the company would be in
danger of going out of business.
II. Why Spyker Needs a Temporary
Exemption
Spyker indicates that it has invested
significant resources into making the C8
compliant with applicable Federal
regulations. However, because of the
limited resources as well as the
fluctuating value of the U.S. dollar, the
petitioner argues that it cannot bring the
C8 into compliance with FMVSS No.
208 and Part 581 without generating
immediate U.S. sales revenue. The
petitioner indicates that it is
experiencing substantial economic
hardship. Specifically, the company’s
consolidated balance sheet shows a net
loss of ÷1,245,000 (≈ $1,527,868) 5 in
2002; a net loss of ÷4,216,000 (≈
$5,173,889) in 2003; and a net loss of
÷4,912,000 (≈ $6,028,022) in 2004. This
represents a cumulative net loss for a
period of 3 years of ÷10,373,000 (≈
$12,729,778). Since Spyker is a publicly
traded company, their financial
information is available to the public.6
In short, the petitioner indicates that
the cost of making the C8 compliant
with FMVSS No. 208 and Part 581 is
beyond the company’s current
capabilities. Spyker thus requests a
three-year exemption in order to
develop compliant bumpers and
advanced air bags. The petitioner
anticipates the funding necessary for
these compliance efforts will come from
immediate sales of the C8 in the United
States.
5 All dollar values are based on an exchange rate
of ÷ = $1.23 as of 6/5/2005.
6 See https://www.spykercars.com/meta/investors/
pdf/Financieel/Annual_Report_2004.pdf and https://
www.spykercars.com/meta/investors/pdf/
Financieel/spyker_anual_report_2003.pdf.
E:\FR\FM\06JYN1.SGM
06JYN1
39008
Federal Register / Vol. 70, No. 128 / Wednesday, July 6, 2005 / Notices
III. Why Compliance Would Cause
Substantial Economic Hardship, and
How Spyker Has Tried in Good Faith
To Comply with the Applicable
Requirements
temporary exemption for the C8.
Specifically, Spyker offers the following
projections as a consequence of grant or
denial of their petition:
The petitioner contends that it cannot
attain profitability unless it receives a
Net profit
2005
If exemption is granted ....................................................................................
If exemption is denied .....................................................................................
In short, a grant of the petition would
amount to ≈ $3 million in potential
revenue that would be used to develop
a fully complaint vehicle. Spyker
indicates that absent this revenue
stream, the company would be
precluded from developing a fully
compliant vehicle and its long termviability would be in question.
In an effort to develop a fully
compliant vehicle, Spyker turned to
other companies for technical
assistance. Spyker’s supplementary
petition indicates that its compliance
efforts are being directed by Lotus
Engineering.7 However, the petitioner
states that the Spyker’s current assets
cannot support air bag development,
and that testing expenses, as well as reengineering and re-design delays would
bankrupt the company.
Spyker indicates that it has
experienced great difficulty in finding
suppliers willing to provide air bag
systems to an ultra low-volume
manufacturer. For example, the
company has been in discussions with
Siemens Restraint Systems and TNO in
order to develop and produce air bags.
However, these efforts have not yet
produced the necessary results. The
petitioner indicates that it now plans on
concentrating its efforts on designing
advanced air bags that become
mandatory in 2006.
Spyker indicates that it failed to
design compliant bumpers for the C8.
The petitioner argues that the only
viable method for bringing the C8 into
compliance with Part 581 is to reengineer the front end of the vehicle.
The petitioner states that it cannot bear
these costs at this time. However,
Spyker indicates that if it were able to
sell C8 in the U.S. for the next 3 years,
it would be able to redesign the vehicle
such that it would incorporate
complaint bumpers.
Finally, in a supplement to their
petition, Spyker has indicated that their
vehicle may not comply with S7 of the
requirements of FMVSS No. 108.8
7 See
8 See
Docket No. NHTSA–2005–20455–8.
Docket No. NHTSA–2005–20455–9.
VerDate jul<14>2003
17:28 Jul 05, 2005
Jkt 205001
≈(¥$3,500,000)
≈(¥$6,000,000)
Subsequent to filing this supplement,
however, Spyker indicated that it would
be able to meet the headlighting
requirements of FMVSS No. 108 for all
but the first ten vehicles imported into
the U.S. On May 16, 2005, George
Feygin from the NHTSA Office of Chief
Counsel met with Victor R. Muller, the
Chief Executive Officer of Spyker. At
the meeting, Mr. Muller explained that
Spyker was able to resolve the lighting
issue, and all but the first 10 C8 vehicles
will have compliant lighting. Mr. Muller
further indicated that retrofit headlamps
would be made available for the first ten
vehicles imported into U.S.
IV. Why an Exemption Would Be in the
Public Interest
The petitioner put forth several
arguments in favor of a finding that the
requested exemption is consistent with
the public interest. Specifically:
1. The petitioner argues that Part 581
is not a safety standard, but a standard
designed to reduce costs associated with
minor impacts.
2. With respect to air bags, the
petitioner argues that the vehicles are
designed with a ‘‘frontal crush structure
and occupant protection cell for use as
a race vehicle.’’ Specifically, the
occupants are positioned in a protective
‘‘cell’’ with the main chassis structure
surrounding them. Further, The C8 will
meet the injury criteria specified in
FMVSS 208 S4.2.3 when tested with
belted dummies.
3. The vehicle would be equipped
with labels reminding drivers to buckle
up. Specifically, in addition to the
labels required on exempted vehicles
under 49 CFR Part 555, Spyker would
place an additional label on the
instrument panel informing occupants
of the exemption and the need to buckle
up.
4. Spyker’s engineering analysis
shows that at impact speeds of less than
5 mph, there is no damage to the C8’s
safety equipment (other than license
plate lights).
5. The likelihood of minor damage is
very low. The vehicle costs in excess of
$200,000, and it is reasonable to assume
PO 00000
Frm 00147
Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
2006
≈$500,000
≈(¥$6,000,000)
2007
≈$6,000,000
≈(¥$6,000,000)
that it would not be subject to normal
‘‘wear-and-tear’’ associated with typical
bumper impacts.
6. Spyker does not anticipate selling
more than 200 vehicles for a period of
3 years covered by the requested
exemption. Thus, the impact of the
exemption is expected to be minimal.
7. Spyker argues that granting the
exemption would be consistent with the
Agency’s previous decisions.9
8. Spyker argues that granting the
exemption would increase choices
available to the U.S. driving population
in the high-performance vehicle
segment.
9. Spyker argues that granting the
exemption would increase jobs in the
U.S. associated with sales and
maintenance of the C8.
10. Finally, because of its price and
exclusivity, the petitioner anticipates
that the C8 would not be used
extensively.
V. Comments Regarding the Spyker
Petition
The agency received two comments
from David H. Nguyen and David Smith
in response to the notice of the
application.
Mr. Nguyen indicated support for
granting the petition for the following
reasons. First, because of the limited
number of cars that would be sold and
the limited exemption period, the
overall safety impact will be negligible.
Second, most buyers of exotic
automobiles such as those produced by
Spyker do not use their vehicles on a
daily basis for transportation due to
practical considerations such as comfort
and utility. As a result, the C8 would be
driven considerably less than the
average vehicle. Mr. Nguyen estimated
that, based on Fatality Analysis
Reporting System (FARS) data, the
exemption would not result in any
additional fatalities. Third, Mr. Nguyen
suggested that the C8, which is already
being sold in Europe, is reasonably safe
because it complies with the European
9 See 69 FR 5658 (February 5, 2004); 69 FR 3192
(January 22, 2004); 64 FR 6736 (February 10, 1999).
E:\FR\FM\06JYN1.SGM
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Federal Register / Vol. 70, No. 128 / Wednesday, July 6, 2005 / Notices
Union safety requirements. Finally, Mr.
Nguyen stated that there is strong
societal interest in having unique
vehicles available for sale and use in the
U.S.
Mr. Smith indicated that he was
against granting of the exemption. First,
Mr. Smith suggested that Spyker cars
are already being offered for sale in the
U.S. Second, Mr. Smith expressed
concerns that if Spyker is indeed
experiencing economic harm, it would
be unable to meet potential obligations
related to recalls and early warning
notifications. Third, Mr. Smith noted
that Spyker has failed to provide proof
that the C8 complies with other
applicable requirements.
VI. The Agency’s Findings
Spyker is typical of small volume
manufacturers who have received
temporary exemptions in the past on
hardship grounds. With limited
resources, the petitioner developed a
high-priced automobile for a specialty
market. In evaluating Spyker’s current
situation, the agency finds that to
require immediate compliance with
FMVSS No. 208 and the bumper
standard would cause petitioner
substantial economic hardship, and
could even result in the company going
out of business.
The agency concludes that the Spyker
application for a temporary exemption
demonstrates that the company has
made a good faith effort to bring the C8
into compliance with applicable air bag
and bumper requirements. Spyker has
also demonstrated the requisite
financial hardship.
Traditionally, the agency has found
that the public interest is served by
affording consumers a wider variety of
motor vehicles. In this instance, denial
of the petition is likely to put Spyker
out of business in the U.S. and cause the
company to lose approximately
$3,000,000 in potential profits.
The term of this exemption will be
limited to three years and the agency
anticipates that the C8 will be sold in
very limited quantities. In total, we
anticipate that Spyker will sell not more
than 150 vehicles. We anticipate that
with the help of revenues derived from
U.S. sales, Spyker will be able to
introduce a fully compliant vehicle by
the time this exemption expires.
While we disagree with Mr. Nguyen’s
suggestion that compliance with the
European Union motor vehicle safety
standards means that a vehicle need not
meet applicable FMVSSs, we agree that
this exemption will have negligible
impact on motor vehicles safety because
of the limited number of vehicles sold
VerDate jul<14>2003
16:35 Jul 05, 2005
Jkt 205001
and because each vehicle is likely to
travel on public roads only infrequently.
In respect to Mr. Smith’s comments,
we first note that a temporary
exemption does not excuse vehicle
manufacturers from applicable
notification and remedy requirements.
This is the case with all manufacturers
that have previously obtained temporary
exemptions on financial hardship
grounds. Second, we note that Spyker is
not required to show proof that it
complies with other applicable
requirements. Instead, under 49 U.S.C.
Chapter 301, the manufacturers are
required to self-certify that their
vehicles and equipment meet applicable
requirements. Finally, the agency is
aware that several Spyker vehicles were
temporarily imported in the U.S. for
display purposes and for EPA
certification. Along with Immigration
and Customs Enforcement, the agency
has taken appropriate steps to insure
that no Spyker vehicles were sold in the
U.S. prior to issuing our decision on the
petition.
Because the Spyker C8 will be
manufactured in limited quantities and
because each vehicle is likely to be
operated only on a limited basis, the
agency finds that this exemption will
likely have a negligible impact on the
overall safety of U.S. highways. The
agency notes that the vehicle subject to
this petition complies with all
applicable Federal motor vehicle safety
standards.
In consideration of the foregoing, it is
hereby found that compliance with the
requirements of S4.1.5.3 and S14 of
FMVSS No. 208, Occupant crash
protection, and 49 CFR Part 581 Bumper
Standard would cause substantial
economic hardship to a manufacturer
that has tried in good faith to comply
with the standard. It is further found
that the granting of an exemption would
be in the public interest and consistent
with the objectives of traffic safety.
In accordance with 49 U.S.C.
30113(b)(3)(B)(i), Spyker C8 is granted
NHTSA Temporary Exemption No. EX
05–2, from S4.1.5.3 and S14 of § 571.208
and 49 CFR part 581, Bumper Standard.
The exemption shall remain in effect
until June 15, 2008. In accordance with
49 U.S.C. 30113(b)(3)(B)(i), not more
than 10 Spyker C8 vehicles are
exempted from S7 of § 571.108.
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 30113; delegations of
authority at 49 CFR 1.50. and 501.8.
Issued on: June 29, 2005.
Jeffrey W. Runge,
Administrator.
[FR Doc. 05–13250 Filed 7–5–05; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910–59–P
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39009
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Surface Transportation Board
[STB Finance Docket No. 34713]
BG & CM Railroad—Acquisition and
Operation Exemption—Great
Northwest Railroad, Inc
BG & CM Railroad (BG & CM), a
noncarrier, has filed a verified notice of
exemption under 49 CFR 1150.31 to
acquire and operate approximately 76.2
miles of rail line owned by Great
Northwest Railroad, Inc. (GNR) in Nez
Perce, Clearwater, and Lewis Counties,
ID as follows: (1) From milepost 132.7
east of Lewiston to milepost 61.9 (end
of line), at or near Kooskia; (2) from
milepost 0.0 at Spalding to milepost 1.0
near Spalding;1 and (3) from milepost
0.0 at Orofino to milepost 3.5 at
Konkolville.
BG & CM certifies that its projected
revenues will not exceed those that
would qualify it as a Class III rail
carrier, and that its annual revenues will
not exceed $5 million.
The transaction was expected to be
consummated on June 13, 2005, the
effective date of the exemption (7 days
after the exemption was filed).
If the notice contains false or
misleading information, the exemption
is void ab initio. Petitions to revoke the
exemption under 49 U.S.C. 10502(d)
may be filed at any time. The filing of
a petition to revoke will not
automatically stay the transaction.
An original and 10 copies of all
pleadings, referring to STB Finance
Docket No. 34713, must be filed with
the Surface Transportation Board, 1925
K Street, NW., Washington, DC 20423–
0001. In addition, one copy of each
pleading must be served on Charles H.
Montange, 426 NW 162nd St., Seattle,
WA 98177.
Board decisions and notices are
available on our Web site at https://
www.stb.dot.gov.
Decided: June 28, 2005.
1 Pursuant to BG & CM Railroad, Inc.—Exemption
from 49 U.S.C. Subtitle IV, STB Finance Docket No.
34399, served Oct. 17, 2003, clarified Camas Prairie
Railnet, Inc.—Abandonment—in Lewis, Nez Perce,
and Idaho Counties, ID (Between Spalding and
Grangeville, ID), STB Docket No. AB–564 (STB
served May 3, 2004), BG & CM previously acquired
and operated an extension of this segment (milepost
1.0 near Spalding to the end of the line at milepost
66.8 near Grangeville) as a contract carrier. BG &
CM’s status as a contract rather than a common
carrier between milepost 1.0 and milepost 66.8 will
not change as a result of this filing.
E:\FR\FM\06JYN1.SGM
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Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 70, Number 128 (Wednesday, July 6, 2005)]
[Notices]
[Pages 39007-39009]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 05-13250]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
[Docket No. NHTSA-2005-20455, Notice 2]
Spyker Automobielen B.V.; Grant of Application for a Temporary
Exemption From Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards No. 108, and 208;
and Part 581 Bumper Standard
AGENCY: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), DOT.
ACTION: Grant of Application for a Temporary Exemption from Federal
Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 208, and Part 581 Bumper Standard.
Partial Grant of Application for a Temporary Exemption from Federal
Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 108.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: This notice grants the Spyker Automobielen B.V. (``Spyker'')
application for a temporary exemption from the requirements of S4.1.5.3
and S14 of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) No. 208,
Occupant crash protection, and Part 581 Bumper Standard. This notice
also partially grants the Spyker application for a temporary exemption
from FMVSS No. 108, Lamps, reflective devices, and associated
equipment. The exemptions apply to the Spyker C8 vehicle line. In
accordance with 49 CFR Part 555, the basis for the grant is that
compliance would cause substantial economic hardship to a manufacturer
that has tried in good faith to comply with the standard.\1\ While the
exemption from FMVSS No. 208 and Part 581 will be effective for a
period of three years, the exemption from FMVSS No. 108 is limited to
the first 10 Spyker C8 vehicles imported and sold in the United States.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ To view the petition and other supporting documents, please
go to: https://dms.dot.gov/search/searchFormSimple.cfm (Docket No.
NHTSA-2005-20455).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)
published a notice of receipt of the application on March 29, 2005, and
afforded an opportunity for comment.\2\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\2\ See 70 FR 15987.
DATES: The exemption from FMVSS No. 208, and Part 581, Bumper standard,
is effective from June 15, 2005 until June 15, 2008. The exemption from
FMVSS No. 108 applies to not more than 10 Spyker C8 vehicles sold in
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
the United States.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: George Feygin in the Office of Chief
Counsel, NCC-112, (Phone: 202-366-2992; Fax 202-366-3820; E-Mail:
George.Feygin@nhtsa.dot.gov).
I. Background
Spyker is a small publicly traded Dutch vehicle manufacturer
established in 2002. Spyker manufactures hand-built high-performance
automobiles similar to vehicles manufactured by Ferrari, Lamborghini,
Saleen, and other high-performance vehicle manufacturers.\3\ Spyker has
manufactured approximately 50 model C8 vehicles, and has back orders
approaching 80 vehicles.\4\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\3\ For more information on Spyker, see https://
www.spykercars.com/.
\4\ https://www.spykercars.com/meta/investors/pdf/Financieel/
first_halfjaar_report_2004.pdf.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
To date, Spyker has been unable to develop compliant bumpers and
air bags for the C8 and has requested a three-year exemption from the
applicable air bag and bumper requirements in order to develop
compliant bumpers and air bags. The petitioner anticipates that the
funding necessary for these compliance efforts will come from immediate
sales of Spyker C8 in the United States. These sales would amount to
approximately 50 model C8 vehicles per year.
If the exemption is granted, Spyker has indicated that it would be
able to sell fully compliant vehicles by 2008. If the exemption is
denied, Spyker has indicated that the company would be in danger of
going out of business.
II. Why Spyker Needs a Temporary Exemption
Spyker indicates that it has invested significant resources into
making the C8 compliant with applicable Federal regulations. However,
because of the limited resources as well as the fluctuating value of
the U.S. dollar, the petitioner argues that it cannot bring the C8 into
compliance with FMVSS No. 208 and Part 581 without generating immediate
U.S. sales revenue. The petitioner indicates that it is experiencing
substantial economic hardship. Specifically, the company's consolidated
balance sheet shows a net loss of [euro]1,245,000 ([ap] $1,527,868) \5\
in 2002; a net loss of [euro]4,216,000 ([ap] $5,173,889) in 2003; and a
net loss of [euro]4,912,000 ([ap] $6,028,022) in 2004. This represents
a cumulative net loss for a period of 3 years of [euro]10,373,000 ([ap]
$12,729,778). Since Spyker is a publicly traded company, their
financial information is available to the public.\6\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\5\ All dollar values are based on an exchange rate of [euro] =
$1.23 as of 6/5/2005.
\6\ See https://www.spykercars.com/meta/investors/pdf/Financieel/
Annual_Report_2004.pdf and https://www.spykercars.com/meta/
investors/pdf/Financieel/spyker_anual_report_2003.pdf.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
In short, the petitioner indicates that the cost of making the C8
compliant with FMVSS No. 208 and Part 581 is beyond the company's
current capabilities. Spyker thus requests a three-year exemption in
order to develop compliant bumpers and advanced air bags. The
petitioner anticipates the funding necessary for these compliance
efforts will come from immediate sales of the C8 in the United States.
[[Page 39008]]
III. Why Compliance Would Cause Substantial Economic Hardship, and How
Spyker Has Tried in Good Faith To Comply with the Applicable
Requirements
The petitioner contends that it cannot attain profitability unless
it receives a temporary exemption for the C8. Specifically, Spyker
offers the following projections as a consequence of grant or denial of
their petition:
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net profit 2005 2006 2007
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
If exemption is granted........................... [ap](-$3,500,000) [ap]$500,000 [ap]$6,000,000
If exemption is denied............................ [ap](-$6,000,000) [ap](-$6,000,000) [ap](-$6,000,000)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
In short, a grant of the petition would amount to [ap] $3 million
in potential revenue that would be used to develop a fully complaint
vehicle. Spyker indicates that absent this revenue stream, the company
would be precluded from developing a fully compliant vehicle and its
long term-viability would be in question.
In an effort to develop a fully compliant vehicle, Spyker turned to
other companies for technical assistance. Spyker's supplementary
petition indicates that its compliance efforts are being directed by
Lotus Engineering.\7\ However, the petitioner states that the Spyker's
current assets cannot support air bag development, and that testing
expenses, as well as re-engineering and re-design delays would bankrupt
the company.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\7\ See Docket No. NHTSA-2005-20455-8.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Spyker indicates that it has experienced great difficulty in
finding suppliers willing to provide air bag systems to an ultra low-
volume manufacturer. For example, the company has been in discussions
with Siemens Restraint Systems and TNO in order to develop and produce
air bags. However, these efforts have not yet produced the necessary
results. The petitioner indicates that it now plans on concentrating
its efforts on designing advanced air bags that become mandatory in
2006.
Spyker indicates that it failed to design compliant bumpers for the
C8. The petitioner argues that the only viable method for bringing the
C8 into compliance with Part 581 is to re-engineer the front end of the
vehicle. The petitioner states that it cannot bear these costs at this
time. However, Spyker indicates that if it were able to sell C8 in the
U.S. for the next 3 years, it would be able to redesign the vehicle
such that it would incorporate complaint bumpers.
Finally, in a supplement to their petition, Spyker has indicated
that their vehicle may not comply with S7 of the requirements of FMVSS
No. 108.\8\ Subsequent to filing this supplement, however, Spyker
indicated that it would be able to meet the headlighting requirements
of FMVSS No. 108 for all but the first ten vehicles imported into the
U.S. On May 16, 2005, George Feygin from the NHTSA Office of Chief
Counsel met with Victor R. Muller, the Chief Executive Officer of
Spyker. At the meeting, Mr. Muller explained that Spyker was able to
resolve the lighting issue, and all but the first 10 C8 vehicles will
have compliant lighting. Mr. Muller further indicated that retrofit
headlamps would be made available for the first ten vehicles imported
into U.S.
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\8\ See Docket No. NHTSA-2005-20455-9.
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IV. Why an Exemption Would Be in the Public Interest
The petitioner put forth several arguments in favor of a finding
that the requested exemption is consistent with the public interest.
Specifically:
1. The petitioner argues that Part 581 is not a safety standard,
but a standard designed to reduce costs associated with minor impacts.
2. With respect to air bags, the petitioner argues that the
vehicles are designed with a ``frontal crush structure and occupant
protection cell for use as a race vehicle.'' Specifically, the
occupants are positioned in a protective ``cell'' with the main chassis
structure surrounding them. Further, The C8 will meet the injury
criteria specified in FMVSS 208 S4.2.3 when tested with belted dummies.
3. The vehicle would be equipped with labels reminding drivers to
buckle up. Specifically, in addition to the labels required on exempted
vehicles under 49 CFR Part 555, Spyker would place an additional label
on the instrument panel informing occupants of the exemption and the
need to buckle up.
4. Spyker's engineering analysis shows that at impact speeds of
less than 5 mph, there is no damage to the C8's safety equipment (other
than license plate lights).
5. The likelihood of minor damage is very low. The vehicle costs in
excess of $200,000, and it is reasonable to assume that it would not be
subject to normal ``wear-and-tear'' associated with typical bumper
impacts.
6. Spyker does not anticipate selling more than 200 vehicles for a
period of 3 years covered by the requested exemption. Thus, the impact
of the exemption is expected to be minimal.
7. Spyker argues that granting the exemption would be consistent
with the Agency's previous decisions.\9\
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\9\ See 69 FR 5658 (February 5, 2004); 69 FR 3192 (January 22,
2004); 64 FR 6736 (February 10, 1999).
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8. Spyker argues that granting the exemption would increase choices
available to the U.S. driving population in the high-performance
vehicle segment.
9. Spyker argues that granting the exemption would increase jobs in
the U.S. associated with sales and maintenance of the C8.
10. Finally, because of its price and exclusivity, the petitioner
anticipates that the C8 would not be used extensively.
V. Comments Regarding the Spyker Petition
The agency received two comments from David H. Nguyen and David
Smith in response to the notice of the application.
Mr. Nguyen indicated support for granting the petition for the
following reasons. First, because of the limited number of cars that
would be sold and the limited exemption period, the overall safety
impact will be negligible. Second, most buyers of exotic automobiles
such as those produced by Spyker do not use their vehicles on a daily
basis for transportation due to practical considerations such as
comfort and utility. As a result, the C8 would be driven considerably
less than the average vehicle. Mr. Nguyen estimated that, based on
Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) data, the exemption would not
result in any additional fatalities. Third, Mr. Nguyen suggested that
the C8, which is already being sold in Europe, is reasonably safe
because it complies with the European
[[Page 39009]]
Union safety requirements. Finally, Mr. Nguyen stated that there is
strong societal interest in having unique vehicles available for sale
and use in the U.S.
Mr. Smith indicated that he was against granting of the exemption.
First, Mr. Smith suggested that Spyker cars are already being offered
for sale in the U.S. Second, Mr. Smith expressed concerns that if
Spyker is indeed experiencing economic harm, it would be unable to meet
potential obligations related to recalls and early warning
notifications. Third, Mr. Smith noted that Spyker has failed to provide
proof that the C8 complies with other applicable requirements.
VI. The Agency's Findings
Spyker is typical of small volume manufacturers who have received
temporary exemptions in the past on hardship grounds. With limited
resources, the petitioner developed a high-priced automobile for a
specialty market. In evaluating Spyker's current situation, the agency
finds that to require immediate compliance with FMVSS No. 208 and the
bumper standard would cause petitioner substantial economic hardship,
and could even result in the company going out of business.
The agency concludes that the Spyker application for a temporary
exemption demonstrates that the company has made a good faith effort to
bring the C8 into compliance with applicable air bag and bumper
requirements. Spyker has also demonstrated the requisite financial
hardship.
Traditionally, the agency has found that the public interest is
served by affording consumers a wider variety of motor vehicles. In
this instance, denial of the petition is likely to put Spyker out of
business in the U.S. and cause the company to lose approximately
$3,000,000 in potential profits.
The term of this exemption will be limited to three years and the
agency anticipates that the C8 will be sold in very limited quantities.
In total, we anticipate that Spyker will sell not more than 150
vehicles. We anticipate that with the help of revenues derived from
U.S. sales, Spyker will be able to introduce a fully compliant vehicle
by the time this exemption expires.
While we disagree with Mr. Nguyen's suggestion that compliance with
the European Union motor vehicle safety standards means that a vehicle
need not meet applicable FMVSSs, we agree that this exemption will have
negligible impact on motor vehicles safety because of the limited
number of vehicles sold and because each vehicle is likely to travel on
public roads only infrequently.
In respect to Mr. Smith's comments, we first note that a temporary
exemption does not excuse vehicle manufacturers from applicable
notification and remedy requirements. This is the case with all
manufacturers that have previously obtained temporary exemptions on
financial hardship grounds. Second, we note that Spyker is not required
to show proof that it complies with other applicable requirements.
Instead, under 49 U.S.C. Chapter 301, the manufacturers are required to
self-certify that their vehicles and equipment meet applicable
requirements. Finally, the agency is aware that several Spyker vehicles
were temporarily imported in the U.S. for display purposes and for EPA
certification. Along with Immigration and Customs Enforcement, the
agency has taken appropriate steps to insure that no Spyker vehicles
were sold in the U.S. prior to issuing our decision on the petition.
Because the Spyker C8 will be manufactured in limited quantities
and because each vehicle is likely to be operated only on a limited
basis, the agency finds that this exemption will likely have a
negligible impact on the overall safety of U.S. highways. The agency
notes that the vehicle subject to this petition complies with all
applicable Federal motor vehicle safety standards.
In consideration of the foregoing, it is hereby found that
compliance with the requirements of S4.1.5.3 and S14 of FMVSS No. 208,
Occupant crash protection, and 49 CFR Part 581 Bumper Standard would
cause substantial economic hardship to a manufacturer that has tried in
good faith to comply with the standard. It is further found that the
granting of an exemption would be in the public interest and consistent
with the objectives of traffic safety.
In accordance with 49 U.S.C. 30113(b)(3)(B)(i), Spyker C8 is
granted NHTSA Temporary Exemption No. EX 05-2, from S4.1.5.3 and S14 of
Sec. 571.208 and 49 CFR part 581, Bumper Standard. The exemption shall
remain in effect until June 15, 2008. In accordance with 49 U.S.C.
30113(b)(3)(B)(i), not more than 10 Spyker C8 vehicles are exempted
from S7 of Sec. 571.108.
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 30113; delegations of authority at 49 CFR
1.50. and 501.8.
Issued on: June 29, 2005.
Jeffrey W. Runge,
Administrator.
[FR Doc. 05-13250 Filed 7-5-05; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910-59-P