Current through September 21, 2024
(a) The operator of
a Class I hazardous waste well shall prepare, maintain, and comply with a plan
for closure of the well and post-closure care of the well that meets the
standards for well closure required in paragraph (d) of this section and
post-closure care required in paragraph (e) of this section and is acceptable
to the administrator. The obligation to implement the closure and post-closure
plan survives the termination of a permit or the cessation of injection
activities. The requirement to maintain and implement an approved plan is
directly enforceable regardless of whether the requirement is a condition of
the permit.
(i) The operator shall submit the
plan as part of the permit application, and, upon approval by the
administrator, the plan shall be incorporated as a condition of any permit
issued.
(ii) The operator shall
submit any proposed significant revision to the method of closure reflected in
the plan for approval by the administrator no later than the date on which
notice of closure is required under paragraph (b) of this section.
(iii) The plan shall assure financial
responsibility as required in Section 17 of this chapter.
(iv) The closure plan shall include the
following information:
(A) The type and
number of plugs to be used;
(B) The
placement of each plug including the elevation of the top and bottom of each
plug;
(C) The type and grade and
quantity of material to be used in plugging;
(D) The method of placement of the
plugs;
(E) Any proposed test or
measure to be made;
(F) The amount,
size, and location (by depth) of casing and any other materials to be left in
the well;
(G) The method and
location where casing is to be parted, if applicable;
(H) The procedure to be used to meet the
requirements of paragraph (d)(5) of this section;
(I) The estimated cost of closure;
and
(J) Any proposed test or
measure to be made.
(v)
Post-closure plans shall include the following information:
(A) The pressure in the injection zone before
injection began;
(B) The
anticipated pressure in the injection zone at the time of closure;
(C) The predicted time until pressure in the
injection zone decays to the point that the well's cone of influence no longer
intersects the base of the lowermost Underground Source Drinking
Water;
(D) Predicted position of
the waste front at closure;
(E) The
status of any required cleanups; and
(F) The estimated cost of proposed
post-closure care.
(vi)
The administrator may modify a closure plan in accordance with the procedures
outlined in Section 8 of this chapter governing modification of
permits.
(vii) An operator of a
Class I hazardous waste injection well who ceases injection temporarily, may
keep the well open provided:
(A) He receives
authorization from the administrator; and
(B) He has described actions or procedures,
satisfactory to the administrator, that the operator will take to ensure that
the well will not endanger Under ground Source of Drinking Waters during the
period of temporary disuse. These actions and procedures shall include
compliance with the technical requirements applicable to active injection wells
unless waived by the administrator.
(viii) The operator of a well that has ceased
operations for more than two years shall notify the administrator at least
thirty (30) days prior to resuming operation of the well.
(b) The operator shall notify the
administrator at least sixty (60) days prior to closure of a well. The
administrator may allow a closure period of less than sixty (60)
days.
(c) Within sixty (60) days
after closure or at the time of the next quarterly report, whichever is less,
except if the next quarterly report is due within fifteen (15) days, in which
case the sixty (60) day requirement will be used, the operator shall submit a
closure report to the administrator.
(i) Such
report shall contain a certification by the operator and the person who
performed the closure, if different from the operator, of the accuracy of the
report, and:
(A) A statement that the well
was closed in accordance with the closure plan previously submitted and
approved by the administrator; or
(B) Where actual closure differed from the
plan previously submitted, a written statement specifying the differences
between the previous plan and the actual closure.
(d) Standards for well closure.
(i) Prior to well closure, the owner or
operator shall observe and record the pressure decay for a time specified by
the administrator, who shall then analyze the pressure decay and the transient
pressure observations conducted to determine whether the injection activity has
conformed with predicted values.
(ii) Prior to well closure, appropriate
mechanical integrity testing shall be conducted to ensure the integrity of that
portion of the long string casing and cement that will be left in the ground
after closure. Testing methods shall be similar to the mechanical integrity
tests required during the operating life of the well.
(iii) Prior to well closure, the well shall
be flushed with a buffer fluid.
(iv) Upon closure, a Class I hazardous waste
well shall be plugged with cement in a manner that will not allow the movement
of fluids into or between any underground source of drinking water.
(v) Placement of the cement plugs shall be
accomplished by circulating cement to the bottom of the well using a working
string. The working string shall be removed as the cement is pumped. The cement
used shall be of a variety such that the working string can be withdrawn while
still allowing the well to be filled with cement.
(vi) Each plug used shall be appropriately
tagged and tested for seal and stability before closure is completed.
(vii) The well to be closed shall be in a
state of static equilibrium with the mud weight equalized top to bottom, either
by circulating the mud in the well at least once or by a comparable method
described by the administrator, prior to the placement of the cement
plugs.
(e) Post-closure
care.
(i) The operator shall continue and
complete any required cleanup action.
(ii) The operator shall continue to conduct
any groundwater monitoring required under the permit until pressure in the
injection zone decays to the point that the well's cone of influence no longer
intersects the base of the lowermost Underground Source of Drinking Water. The
administrator may extend the period of post-closure monitoring if he determines
that the well may endanger an Underground Source of Drinking Water.
(iii) The operator shall submit a survey plat
to the local zoning authority designated by the administrator, indicating the
location of the well relative to permanently surveyed benchmarks. A copy of the
plat shall be submitted to the Regional administrator of the U.S. EPA Region
VIII, the State Engineer's Office, and to the Wyoming Oil and Gas Conservation
Commission.
(iv) The operator shall
retain for a minimum of three (3) years following well closure, records
reflecting the nature, composition and volume of all injected fluids. The
administrator shall require the operator to deliver the records to the
administrator at the conclusion of this retention period.
(f) Each owner of a Class I hazardous waste
well, and the owner of the surface or subsurface property on or in which a
Class I hazardous waste well is located, must record a notation on the deed to
the facility property or on some other instrument which is normally examined
during title search that will in perpetuity provide any potential purchaser of
the property the following information:
(i)
The fact that the land in question has been used to manage hazardous
waste;
(ii) The name of the State
agency or local authority with which the plat was filed, as well as the address
of the Environmental Protection Agency Region VIII to which it was submitted;
and
(iii) The type and volume of
waste injected, the injection interval or intervals into which it was injected,
and the period over which injection occurred.