Current through August 26, 2024
Department approved treatment shall be provided and
operated by each water supplier where necessary in order to ensure that the
finished water supplied to consumers meets the primary maximum contaminant
levels contained in ch. NR 809 and the design standards contained in ch. NR
811, where applicable. In addition, all of the following requirements shall be
met:
(1) CHEMICAL TREATMENT.
(a) All existing and new municipal water
systems and all other-than-municipal water systems constructed or modified
after December 1, 2010, shall be provided with equipment and the necessary
appurtenances which can continuously disinfect the water. The department may
require the installation of disinfection equipment at existing
other-than-municipal water systems where deemed necessary to ensure a safe
water supply. Standby disinfection equipment shall be periodically checked and
repaired, if necessary, to ensure it will work when it is required.
(b) All surface water treatment plants and
other waterworks where treatment is required to produce a water quality meeting
the primary maximum contaminant levels shall be equipped with backup chemical
feed equipment for all chemicals required for treatment in the event of failure
of the primary equipment.
(c)
Written approval from the department is required prior to the addition of any
chemical to a community water system. Non-community water systems shall refer
to s.
NR 812.37 for plan approval requirements for chemical
feed systems. At public water systems that treat continuously, a 30-day supply
of chemicals shall be kept on hand as required by s.
NR 108.06(3). The 30-day supply shall be
based on average day demand and average dose. Chemicals shall meet current
A.W.W.A. standards and be approved by the department. Department approval may
consist of, but is not limited to, certification of the chemical for use in
potable water under NSF/ANSI Standard 60. Those chemical suppliers relabeling
or repackaging NSF/ANSI 60 certified chemicals shall also be certified.
Laboratories evaluating products for compliance with NSF/ANSI Standard 60 shall
be certified by the American National Standards Institute. Colored chemicals
shall be approved if coloring agents are not used in toxic concentrations or in
amounts which impart taste, odor or color to the water supply. The department
may require the analysis of chemicals if necessary to insure use of safe
chemicals.
Note: Copies of these standards are available for
inspection at the office of the Department of Natural Resources and the
Legislative Reference Bureau.
Note: The Department of Safety and Professional Services
requires plan submittal and approval of all treatment systems installed to
service non-community water systems and designed to reduce health-related
contaminants. For more information, see s.
SPS 382.20.
(d) Chemical containers shall be labeled to
include the chemical name, purity, concentration, and name and address of the
chemical supplier.
(e) Requests for
the substitution of disinfection agents in lieu of chlorine for bacteriological
control shall be submitted to the department for review. Substitute
disinfection agents may not be used without specific approval by the
department.
(f) Solution tanks
shall be maintained in a sanitary condition.
(g) The department may require an assay of
chemicals delivered.
(h) A material
safety data sheet (MSDS) shall be obtained by the water supplier from the
chemical supplier for every chemical.
(2) DISINFECTION OF WATER FROM GROUNDWATER
SOURCES.
(a) All municipal water systems shall
provide continuous disinfection of the water prior to entry to the distribution
system within 36 months of December 1, 2010. For systems that provide
disinfection by chlorination, chloramination, or chlorine dioxide, a detectable
residual shall be provided throughout the distribution system.
Note: It is recommended that all community water systems
provide a detectable disinfectant residual throughout the distribution
system.(b) When disinfection of water drawn from a groundwater source is
required in order to meet the MCL for total coliform or E. coli contained in
ch. NR 809 to maintain bacteriologically safe water, the residual maintained in
the distribution system and the residual monitoring shall be as required in ss.
NR 809.74(2) and
NR 811.43(2). Additional disinfection
requirements including disinfectant contact time or compliance with the
disinfection requirements of s.
NR 810.31(1) may be required by the
department on a case-by-case basis. The following conditions, as well as other
conditions, are considered by the department to be existing or potential water
system public health threats:
1. A
public water system history of microbiological contamination in the water
source or distribution system by either coliform or noncoliform
bacteria.
2. The presence of color
in raw water from a well serving a public water system.
3. Inadequate construction, including
construction which does not meet current requirements of ch. NR 811 or 812, of
a well which serves a public water system.
(3) DISINFECTION OF WATER FROM SURFACE WATER
AND GROUNDWATER UNDER THE DIRECT INFLUENCE OF SURFACE WATER SOURCES.
(a) For free chlorine, the concentration in
the water entering the distribution system of any public water system, primary
or consecutive, served by treated surface water shall be at least 0.2 mg/1 at
the entry point to the distribution system and detectable throughout the
distribution system. For total combined chlorine, the concentration in the
water entering the distribution system of any public water system served by
treated surface water shall be at least 1.0 mg/l at the entry point to the
distribution system and detectable throughout the distribution system. Residual
monitoring of the water entering the distribution system shall be provided as
required in s.
NR 809.74(2).
(b) Treatment plant CT values shall meet the
applicable requirements found in ss.
NR 810.47 to at all 810.62 times.
(4) CONSTRUCTION AND MODIFICATIONS.
(a) After construction, maintenance, repair
or modification, waterworks facilities shall be disinfected by procedures
outlined in the following A.W.W.A. Standards: A100 (August 1, 2006) for wells,
C651 (June 1, 2005) for water mains, C652 (August 1, 2002) for water storage
facilities, C653 (June 1, 2003) for water treatment plants or C654 (November 1,
2003) for wells. In addition, waterworks may not be placed in service until
bacteriological samples have established that the water is safe for consumption
in accordance with par. (b).
Note: Copies of these standards are available for
inspection at the office of the Department of Natural Resources and the
Legislative Reference Bureau, and may be obtained for personal use from the
American Water Works Association, 6666 West Quincy Ave., Denver, Colorado,
80235.
(b) At least one
bacteriologically safe sample shall be obtained before waterworks are placed
into service. In the case of new or reconstructed wells, a minimum of 2
bacteriological safe samples, taken at least 8 hours apart during the test
pumping period, or on 2 separate days, shall be obtained. When new distribution
systems or extensions on a number of streets are installed, bacteriological
samples shall be taken at representative locations to establish that all of the
improvements are free of contamination. When water main breaks are repaired in
public water systems that do not maintain a detectable chlorine residual, a
bacteriological sample shall be taken in the area of the break within one
working day. The main may be returned to service prior to receiving the results
provided that the main has been disinfected and flushed. The water supplier
shall comply with s.
NR 809.31 when system sampling indicates the presence of
coliform organisms. For water storage facilities, 2 or more successive safe
samples, taken at 24-hour intervals, shall be obtained which indicate
bacteriologically safe water or one safe sample shall be obtained only if a
free chlorine residual of at least 0.1 mg/l is remaining when the results of
the safe sample are reported.
(5) INDIRECT ADDITIVES. Written approval from
the department is required prior to the use of any indirect chemical or
material that may affect the quality of the water supply due to immersion or
incidental contact in the water system. Department approval shall include
certification of the chemical or material for use in potable water under
NSF/ANSI Standard 61. Laboratories evaluating products for compliance with
NSF/ANSI Standard 61 shall be certified by the American National Standards
Institute. Written department approval is not required where existing equipment
is being replaced with similar equipment during maintenance or repair provided
that the water supplier can document that the equipment used meets the approval
requirements of this section.
Examples of indirect additives include process media,
protective materials such as liners, paints and coatings, sealants, gaskets,
fittings and lubricants.
