Wisconsin Administrative Code
Department of Natural Resources
NR 800 - Environmental Protection - Water Supply
Chapter NR 809 - Safe Drinking Water
Subchapter I - Maximum Contaminant Levels, Monitoring and Analytical Requirements for Primary Drinking Water Contaminants
Section NR 809.334 - Analytical methods for surface water source water monitoring

Universal Citation: WI Admin Code § NR 809.334

Current through August 26, 2024

(1) CRYPTOSPORIDIUM. Water suppliers shall analyze for Cryptosporidium using Method 1623: Cryptosporidium and Giardia in Water by Filtration/IMS/FA, 2005, United States Environmental Protection Agency, EPA815-R05002 or Method 1622: Cryptosporidium in Water by Filtration/IMS/FA, 2005, United States Environmental Protection Agency, EPA815R05001. The water supplier may obtain a copy of these methods online from http://www.epa.gov/safewater/disinfection/lt2. Water suppliers may also use EPA Method 1623.1: Cryptosporidium and Giardia in Water by Filtration/IMS/FA, 2012. EPA-816-R-12-001. (Available at http://water.epa.gov/drink.)

(a) Water suppliers shall analyze at least a 10 L sample or a packed pellet volume of at least 2 mL as generated by the methods listed in this subsection. Water suppliers unable to process a 10 L sample shall analyze as much sample volume as can be filtered by two filters approved by EPA for the methods listed in this subsection, up to a packed pellet volume of at least 2 mL.

(b) Matrix spike (MS) samples, as required by the methods in this subsection, shall be spiked and filtered by a laboratory approved for Cryptosporidium analysis under s. NR 809.335. If the volume of the MS sample is greater than 10 L, the water supplier may filter all but 10 L of the MS sample in the field, and ship the filtered sample and the remaining 10 L of source water to the laboratory. In this case, the laboratory shall spike the remaining 10 L of water and filter it through the filter used to collect the balance of the sample in the field.

(c) Flow cytometer-counted spiking suspensions shall be used for MS samples and ongoing precision and recovery (OPR) samples.

(2) E. COLI. Water suppliers shall use methods for enumeration of E. coli in source water listed in Table I.

(a) The time from sample collection to initiation of analysis may not exceed 30 hours unless the condition of par. (b) are met. In all cases, samples should be analyzed as soon after collection as possible.

(b) The department may approve on a case-by-case basis the holding of an E. coli sample for up to 48 hours between sample collection and initiation of analysis if the department determines that analyzing an E. coli sample within 30 hours is not feasible. E. coli samples held between 30 to 48 hours shall be analyzed by the Colilert reagent version of Standard Method 9223B as listed in sub. (2), Table I.

(3) TURBIDITY. Water suppliers shall use methods for turbidity measurement under s. NR 809.113(1) Table A.

Table I E. coli Analytical Methods

Organism	Methodology	Method	SM 20th Edition1	SM 21st Edition2	SM 22nd Edition3	SM Online4	Other
E. coli	Enzyme Substrate Methods	Colilert	9223 B5	9223 B 5	9223 B	9223 B-97 5, 6
		Colilert-18	9223 B	9223 B	9223 B	9223 B-97
		ONPG-MUG Test	9223 B	9223 B	9223 B	9223 B-97
	Escherichia coli Procedure (following Lactose Fermentation Methods)	EC-MUG medium	9221 F, 9221 F.1	9221 F.1	9221 F.1
		NA-MUG7	9222 G
Enterococci		Multiple-Tube Technique	9230B			9230 B-04
		Membrane Filter Technique	9230C				EPA Method 16008
		Enterolert9
Coliphage		Two-Step Enrichment Presence-Absence Procedure					Fast Phage 10 EPA Method 1601.11
		Single Agar Layer Procedure					EPA Method 1602.12

1Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 20th edition (1998). Available from American Public Health Association, 800 I Street, NW., Washington, DC 20001-3710.

2Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 21st edition (2005). Available from American Public Health Association, 800 I Street, NW., Washington, DC 20001-3710.

3Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 22nd edition (2012). Available from American Public Health Association, 800 I Street NW., Washington, DC 20001-3710.

4Standard Methods Online are available at http://www.standardmethods.org. The year in which each method was approved by the Standard Methods Committee is designated by the last two digits in the method number. The methods listed are the only online versions that may be used.

5 Multiple-tube and multi-well enumerative formats for this method are approved for use in presence-absence determination under this regulation.

6 Colisure® results may be read after an incubation time of 24 hours.

7 EC-MUG (Method 9221F) or NA-MUG (Method 9222G) can be used for E. coli testing step as described in § 141.21(f)(6)(i) or (ii) after use of Standard Methods 9221 B, 9221 D, 9222 B, or 9222 C.

8 EPA Method 1600: Enterococci in Water by Membrane Filtration Using membrane-Enterococcus Indoxyl--D-Glucoside Agar (mEI) EPA 821-R-02-022 (September 2002) is an approved variation of Standard Method 9230C. The method is available at http://www.epa.gov/nerlcwww/1600sp02.pdf or from EPA's Water Resource Center (RC-4100T), 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW., Washington, DC 20460. The holding time and temperature for ground water samples are specified in footnote 1 above, rather than as specified in Section 8 of EPA Method 1600.

9 Medium is available through IDEXX Laboratories, Inc., One IDEXX Drive, Westbrook, Maine 04092. Preparation and use of the medium is set forth in the article "Evaluation of Enterolert for Enumeration of Enterococci in Recreational Waters," by Budnick, G.E., Howard, R.T., and Mayo, D.R., 1996, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 62:3881-3884.

10 Charm Sciences Inc. "Fast Phage Test Procedure. Presence/Absence for Coliphage in Ground Water with Same Day Positive Prediction". Version 009. November 2012. 659 Andover Street, Lawrence, MA 01843. Available at www.charmsciences.com.

11 EPA Method 1601: Male-specific (F+) and Somatic Coliphage in Water by Two-step Enrichment Procedure; April 2001, EPA 821-R-01-030. Method is available at http://www.epa.gov/nerlcwww/1601ap01.pdf or from EPA's Water Resource Center (RC-4100T), 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW., Washington, DC 20460.

12 EPA Method 1602: Male-specific (F+) and Somatic Coliphage in Water by Single Agar Layer (SAL) Procedure; April 2001, EPA 821-R-01-029. Method is available at http://www.epa.gov/nerlcwww/1602ap01.pdf or from EPA's Water Resource Center (RC-4100T), 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW., Washington, DC 20460.

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