Wisconsin Administrative Code
Department of Natural Resources
NR 600-699 - Environmental Protection - Hazardous Waste Management
Chapter NR 664 - Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage And Disposal Facility Standards
Subchapter DD - Containment Buildings
Section NR 664.1101 - Design and operating standards
Universal Citation: WI Admin Code ยง NR 664.1101
Current through August 26, 2024
(1) All containment buildings shall comply with all of the following design standards:
(a) The containment building shall be
completely enclosed with a floor, walls and a roof to prevent exposure to the
elements, (e.g., precipitation, wind, run-on), and to assure containment of
managed wastes.
(b) The floor and
containment walls of the unit, including the secondary containment system if
required under sub. (2), shall be designed and constructed of materials of
sufficient strength and thickness to support themselves, the waste contents and
any personnel and heavy equipment that operate within the unit, and to prevent
failure due to pressure gradients, settlement, compression, uplift, physical
contact with the hazardous wastes to which they are exposed, climatic
conditions and the stresses of daily operation, including the movement of heavy
equipment within the unit and contact of the equipment with containment walls.
The unit shall be designed so that it has sufficient structural strength to
prevent collapse or other failure. All surfaces to be in contact with hazardous
wastes shall be chemically compatible with those wastes. The department will
consider standards established by professional organizations generally
recognized by the industry such as the American Concrete Institute (ACI) and
the American Society of Testing Materials (ASTM) in judging the structural
integrity requirements of this paragraph. If appropriate to the nature of the
waste management operation to take place in the unit, an exception to the
structural strength requirement may be made for lightweight doors and windows
that meet both of the following criteria:
1.
They provide an effective barrier against fugitive dust emissions under sub.
(3) (a) 4.
2. The unit is designed
and operated in a fashion that assures that wastes will not actually come in
contact with these openings.
(c) Incompatible hazardous wastes or
treatment reagents may not be placed in the unit or its secondary containment
system if they could cause the unit or secondary containment system to leak,
corrode or otherwise fail.
(d) A
containment building shall have a primary barrier designed to withstand the
movement of personnel, waste and handling equipment in the unit during the
operating life of the unit and appropriate for the physical and chemical
characteristics of the waste to be managed.
(2) For a containment building used to manage hazardous wastes containing free liquids or treated with free liquids (the presence of which is determined by the paint filter test, a visual examination or other appropriate means), the owner or operator shall include all of the following:
(a) A primary barrier designed and
constructed of materials to prevent the migration of hazardous constituents
into the barrier (e.g., a geomembrane covered by a concrete wear
surface).
(b) A liquid collection
and removal system to minimize the accumulation of liquid on the primary
barrier of the containment building in compliance with both of the following:
1. The primary barrier shall be sloped to
drain liquids to the associated collection system.
2. Liquids and waste shall be collected and
removed to minimize hydraulic head on the containment system at the earliest
practicable time.
(c) A
secondary containment system including a secondary barrier designed and
constructed to prevent migration of hazardous constituents into the barrier,
and a leak detection system that is capable of detecting failure of the primary
barrier and collecting accumulated hazardous wastes and liquids at the earliest
practicable time.
1. The requirements of the
leak detection component of the secondary containment system are satisfied by
installation of a system that is, at a minimum, both of the following:
a. Constructed with a bottom slope of one
percent or more.
b. Constructed of
a granular drainage material with a hydraulic conductivity of 1x10 -2 cm/sec or
more and a thickness of 12 inches (30.5 cm) or more, or constructed of
synthetic or geonet drainage materials with a transmissivity of 3x10 5 m 2/sec
or more.
2. If treatment
is to be conducted in the building, an area in which the treatment will be
conducted shall be designed to prevent the release of liquids, wet materials or
liquid aerosols to other portions of the building.
3. The secondary containment system shall be
constructed of materials that are chemically resistant to the waste and liquids
managed in the containment building and of sufficient strength and thickness to
prevent collapse under the pressure exerted by overlaying materials and by any
equipment used in the containment building. (Containment buildings can serve as
secondary containment systems for tanks placed within the building under
certain conditions. A containment building can serve as an external liner
system for a tank, provided it meets the requirements of s.
NR 664.0193(4) (a). In addition, the
containment building shall meet the requirements of s.
NR 664.0193(2) and (3) (a) and (b) to be
considered an acceptable secondary containment system for a
tank.)
(3) Owners or operators of all containment buildings shall do all of the following:
(a) Use controls and practices to ensure
containment of the hazardous waste within the unit; and, at a minimum, do all
of the following:
1. Maintain the primary
barrier to be free of significant cracks, gaps, corrosion or other
deterioration that could cause hazardous waste to be released from the primary
barrier.
2. Maintain the level of
the stored or treated hazardous waste within the containment walls of the unit
so that the height of any containment wall is not exceeded.
3. Take measures to prevent the tracking of
hazardous waste out of the unit by personnel or by equipment used in handling
the waste. An area shall be designated to decontaminate equipment and any
rinsate shall be collected and properly managed.
4. Take measures to control fugitive dust
emissions such that any openings (doors, windows, vents, cracks, etc.) exhibit
no visible emissions (see 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, Method 22-Visual
Determination of Fugitive Emissions from Material Sources and Smoke Emissions
from Flares, incorporated by reference in s.
NR 660.11). In addition, all associated particulate
collection devices (e.g., fabric filter, electrostatic precipitator) shall be
operated and maintained with sound air pollution control practices (see s.
NR 439.055 for guidance). This state of no visible
emissions shall be maintained effectively at all times during routine operating
and maintenance conditions, including when vehicles and personnel are entering
and exiting the unit.
(b)
Obtain certification by a qualified professional engineer that the containment
building design meets the requirements of subs. (1) and (2) and this
subsection.
(c) Throughout the
active life of the containment building, if the owner or operator detects a
condition that could lead to or has caused a release of hazardous waste, repair
the condition promptly, in accordance with all of the following procedures:
1. Upon detection of a condition that has led
to a release of hazardous waste (e.g., upon detection of leakage from the
primary barrier), the owner or operator shall do all of the following:
a. Enter a record of the discovery in the
facility operating record.
b.
Immediately remove the portion of the containment building affected by the
condition from service.
c.
Determine what steps must be taken to repair the containment building, remove
any leakage from the secondary collection system and establish a schedule for
accomplishing the cleanup and repairs.
d. Within 7 days after the discovery of the
condition, notify the department of the condition, and within 14 working days
provide a written notice to the department with a description of the steps
taken to repair the containment building and the schedule for accomplishing the
work.
2. The department
will review the information submitted, make a determination regarding whether
the containment building must be removed from service completely or partially
until repairs and cleanup are complete and notify the owner or operator of the
determination and the underlying rationale in writing.
3. Upon completing all repairs and cleanup
the owner or operator shall notify the department in writing and provide a
verification, signed by a qualified, registered professional engineer, that the
repairs and cleanup have been completed according to the written plan submitted
in accordance with subd. 1. d.
(d) Inspect and record in the facility
operating record, at least once every 7 days, data gathered from monitoring
equipment and leak detection equipment as well as the containment building and
the area immediately surrounding the containment building to detect signs of
releases of hazardous waste.
(4) For containment buildings that contain areas both with and without secondary containment, the owner or operator shall do all of the following:
(a) Design and
operate each area according to the requirements in subs. (1) to (3).
(b) Take measures to prevent the release of
liquids or wet materials into areas without secondary containment.
(c) Maintain in the facility's operating log
a written description of the operating procedures used to maintain the
integrity of areas without secondary containment.
(5) Notwithstanding any other provision of this subchapter the department may waive requirements for secondary containment for a licensed containment building where the owner or operator demonstrates that the only free liquids in the unit are limited amounts of dust suppression liquids required to meet occupational health and safety requirements, and where containment of managed wastes and liquids can be assured without a secondary containment system.
Disclaimer: These regulations may not be the most recent version. Wisconsin may have more current or accurate information. We make no warranties or guarantees about the accuracy, completeness, or adequacy of the information contained on this site or the information linked to on the state site. Please check official sources.
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