Current through August 26, 2024
(1) A
remanufacturer or other person that stores or treats hazardous secondary
material in hazardous secondary material management units using closed-vent
systems and control devices used to comply with provisions of this part shall
comply with the provisions of this section.
(2) A control device involving vapor
recovery, such as a condenser or adsorber, shall be designed and operated to
recover the organic vapors vented to it with an efficiency of 95 weight percent
or greater unless the total organic emission limits specified in s.
NR 661.1032(1)
(a) for all affected process vents can be
attained at an efficiency less than 95 weight percent.
(3) An enclosed combustion device, such as a
vapor incinerator, boiler, or process heater, shall be designed and operated to
reduce the organic emissions vented to it by 95 weight percent or greater; to
achieve a total organic compound concentration of 20 ppmv, expressed as the sum
of the actual compounds, not carbon equivalents, on a dry basis corrected to 3
percent oxygen; or to provide a minimum residence time of 0.50 seconds at a
minimum temperature of 760°C. If a boiler or process heater is used as the
control device, the vent stream shall be introduced into the flame zone of the
boiler or process heater.
(4)
(a) A flare shall be designed for and
operated with no visible emissions as determined by the methods specified in
sub. (5) (a), except for periods not to exceed a total of 5 minutes during any
2 consecutive hours.
(b) A flare
shall be operated with a flame present at all times, as determined by the
methods specified in sub. (6) (b) 3.
(c) A flare shall be used only if the net
heating value of the gas being combusted is 11.2 MJ/scm or greater if the flare
is steam-assisted or air-assisted; or if the net heating value of the gas being
combusted is 7.45 MJ/scm or greater if the flare is non -assisted. The net
heating value of the gas being combusted shall be determined by the methods
specified in sub. (5) (b).
Note: 1 megajoule/meter3
[MJ/m3] = 26.8391919932 Btu
(IT)/foot3 [Btu/ft
3].
(d)
1.
Except as provided in subs. (4) (d) 2. and 3., a steam-assisted or nonassisted
flare shall be designed for and operated with an exit velocity, as determined
by the methods specified in sub. (5) (c), less than 18.3 m/s.
2. A steam-assisted or nonassisted flare
designed for and operated with an exit velocity, as determined by the methods
specified in sub. (5) (c), equal to or greater than 18.3 m/s but less than 122
m/s is allowed if the net heating value of the gas being combusted is greater
than 37.3 MJ/scm.
3. A
steam-assisted or nonassisted flare designed for and operated with an exit
velocity, as determined by the methods specified in sub. (5) (c), less than the
velocity, V max, as determined by the method specified in sub. (5) (d) and less
than 122 m/s is allowed.
(e) An air-assisted flare shall be designed
and operated with an exit velocity less than the velocity, V max, as determined
by the method specified in sub. (5) (e).
(f) A flare used to comply with this section
shall be steam-assisted, air-assisted, or nonassisted.
(5)
(a)
Reference Method 22 in 40 CFR part 60, incorporated by reference in s.
NR 660.11, shall be used to determine the compliance of a
flare with the visible emission provisions of this subchapter. The observation
period is 2 hours and shall be used according to Method 22.
(b) The net heating value of the gas being
combusted in a flare shall be calculated using the following equation:
See PDF for
diagram
Where:
HT = Net heating value of the
sample, MJ/scm; where the net enthalpy per mole of offgas is based on
combustion at 25°C and 760 mm Hg, but the standard temperature for
determining the volume corresponding to 1 mol is 20°C.
K = Constant, 1.74 x 10
-7 (1/ppm) (g mol/scm) (MJ/kcal)
where standard temperature for (g mol/scm) is 20°C.
Ci = Concentration of sample
component i in ppm on a wet basis, as measured for organics by Reference Method
18 in chapter 60 and measured for hydrogen and carbon monoxide by ASTM D
1946-82, incorporated by reference in s.
NR 660.11.
Hi = Net heat of combustion of
sample component i, kcal/9 mol at 25°C and 760 mm Hg. The heats of
combustion may be determined using ASTM D 2382-83, incorporated by reference in
s.
NR 660.11, if published values are not available or
cannot be calculated.
(c)
The actual exit velocity of a flare shall be determined by dividing the
volumetric flow rate, in units of standard temperature and pressure, as
determined by Reference Methods 2, 2A, 2C or 2D in appendix A of 40 CFR part
60, incorporated by reference in s.
NR 660.11, as appropriate, by the unobstructed, free,
cross-sectional area of the flare tip.
(d) The maximum allowed velocity in m/s, V
max, for a flare complying with sub. (4) (d) 3. shall be determined by the
following equation:
See PDF for
diagram
Where:
28.8 = Constant
31.7 = Constant
HT = The net heating value as
determined in par. (b).
(e)
The maximum allowed velocity in m/s, V max, for an air-assisted flare shall be
determined by the following equation:
See PDF for
diagram
Where:
8.706 = Constant
0.7084 = Constant
HT = The net heating value as
determined in par. (b).
(6) A remanufacturer or other person that
stores or treats hazardous secondary material shall monitor and inspect each
control device required to comply with this section to ensure proper operation
and maintenance of the control device by implementing all of the following
requirements:
(a) Install, calibrate,
maintain, and operate according to the manufacturer's specifications a flow
indicator that provides a record of vent stream flow from each affected process
vent to the control device at least once every hour. The flow indicator sensor
shall be installed in the vent stream at the nearest feasible point to the
control device inlet but before the point at which the vent streams are
combined.
(b) Install, calibrate,
maintain, and operate according to the manufacturer's specifications a device
to continuously monitor control device operation as specified below:
1. For a thermal vapor incinerator, a
temperature monitoring device equipped with a continuous recorder. The device
shall have an accuracy of ±1 percent of the temperature being monitored
in °C or ±0.5 °C, whichever is greater. The temperature sensor
shall be installed at a location in the combustion chamber downstream of the
combustion zone.
2. For a catalytic
vapor incinerator, a temperature monitoring device equipped with a continuous
recorder. The device shall be capable of monitoring temperature at 2 locations
and have an accuracy of ±1 percent of the temperature being monitored in
°C or ±0.5 °C, whichever is greater. One temperature sensor
shall be installed in the vent stream at the nearest feasible point to the
catalyst bed inlet and a second temperature sensor shall be installed in the
vent stream at the nearest feasible point to the catalyst bed outlet.
3. For a flare, a heat sensing monitoring
device equipped with a continuous recorder that indicates the continuous
ignition of the pilot flame.
4. For
a boiler or process heater having a design heat input capacity less than 44 MW,
a temperature monitoring device equipped with a continuous recorder. The device
shall have an accuracy of ±1 percent of the temperature being monitored
in °C or ±0.5 °C, whichever is greater. The temperature sensor
shall be installed at a location in the furnace downstream of the combustion
zone.
5. For a boiler or process
heater having a design heat input capacity greater than or equal to 44 MW, a
monitoring device equipped with a continuous recorder to measure a parameter
that indicates good combustion operating practices are being used.
6. For a condenser, one of the following:
a. A monitoring device equipped with a
continuous recorder to measure the concentration level of the organic compounds
in the exhaust vent stream from the condenser.
b. A temperature monitoring device equipped
with a continuous recorder. The device shall be capable of monitoring
temperature with an accuracy of ±1 percent of the temperature being
monitored in °C or ±0.5 °C, whichever is greater. The
temperature sensor shall be installed at a location in the exhaust vent stream
from the condenser exit or product side.
7. For a carbon adsorption system that
regenerates the carbon bed directly in the control device such as a fixed-bed
carbon adsorber, one of the following:
a. A
monitoring device equipped with a continuous recorder to measure the
concentration level of the organic compounds in the exhaust vent stream from
the carbon bed.
b. A monitoring
device equipped with a continuous recorder to measure a parameter that
indicates the carbon bed is regenerated on a regular, predetermined time
cycle.
(c)
Inspect the readings from each monitoring device required under pars. (a) and
(b) at least once each operating day to check control device operation and, if
necessary, immediately implement the corrective measures necessary to ensure
the control device operates in compliance with the requirements of this
section.
(7) A
remanufacturer or other person that stores or treats hazardous secondary
material in a hazardous secondary material management unit using a carbon
adsorption system such as a fixed-bed carbon adsorber that regenerates the
carbon bed directly on-site in the control device shall replace the existing
carbon in the control device with fresh carbon at a regular, predetermined time
interval that is no longer than the carbon service life established as a
requirement under s.
NR 661.1035(2) (d)
3. f.
(8) A remanufacturer or other person that
stores or treats hazardous secondary material in a hazardous secondary material
management unit using a carbon adsorption system such as a carbon canister that
does not regenerate the carbon bed directly on-site in the control device shall
replace the existing carbon in the control device with fresh carbon on a
regular basis by using one of the following procedures:
(a) Monitor the concentration level of the
organic compounds in the exhaust vent stream from the carbon adsorption system
on a regular schedule and replace the existing carbon with fresh carbon
immediately when carbon breakthrough is indicated. The monitoring frequency
shall be daily or at an interval no greater than 20% of the time required to
consume the total carbon working capacity established as a requirement under s.
NR 661.1035(2) (d)
3. g., whichever is longer.
(b) Replace the existing carbon with fresh
carbon at a regular, predetermined time interval that is less than the design
carbon replacement interval established as a requirement under s.
NR 661.1035(2) (d)
3. g.
(9) An alternative operational or process
parameter may be monitored if it can be demonstrated that another parameter
will ensure that the control device is operated in conformance with these
standards and the control device's design specifications.
(10) A remanufacturer or other person that
stores or treats hazardous secondary material at an affected facility seeking
to comply with the provisions of this chapter by using a control device other
than a thermal vapor incinerator, catalytic vapor incinerator, flare, boiler,
process heater, condenser, or carbon adsorption system is required to develop
documentation including sufficient information to describe the control device
operation and identify the process parameter or parameters that indicate proper
operation and maintenance of the control device.
(11) A closed-vent system shall meet one of
the following design requirements:
(a) A
closed-vent system shall be designed to operate with no detectable emissions,
as indicated by an instrument reading of less than 500 ppmv above background as
determined by the procedure specified in s.
NR 661.1034(2), and by visual
inspections.
(b) A closed-vent
system shall be designed to operate at a pressure below atmospheric pressure.
The system shall be equipped with at least one pressure gauge or other pressure
measurement device that can be read from a readily accessible location to
verify that negative pressure is being maintained in the closed-vent system
when the control device is operating.
(12) A remanufacturer or other person that
stores or treats hazardous secondary material shall monitor and inspect each
closed-vent system required to comply with this section to ensure proper
operation and maintenance of the closed-vent system by implementing all of the
following requirements:
(a) Each closed-vent
system that is used to comply with sub. (11) (a) shall be inspected and
monitored in accordance with all of the following requirements:
1. An initial leak detection monitoring of
the closed-vent system shall be conducted by the remanufacturer or other person
that stores or treats the hazardous secondary material on or before the date
that the system becomes subject to this section. The remanufacturer or other
person that stores or treats the hazardous secondary material shall monitor the
closed-vent system components and connections using the procedures specified in
s.
NR 661.1034(2) to demonstrate that the
closed-vent system operates with no detectable emissions, as indicated by an
instrument reading of less than 500 ppmv above background.
2. After initial leak detection monitoring
required in subd. 1., the remanufacturer or other person that stores or treats
the hazardous secondary material shall inspect and monitor the closed-vent
system as follows:
a. Closed-vent system
joints, seams, or other connections that are permanently or semi-permanently
sealed, such as a welded joint between 2 sections of hard piping or a bolted
and gasketed ducting flange, shall be visually inspected at least once per year
to check for defects that could result in air pollutant emissions. The
remanufacturer or other person that stores or treats the hazardous secondary
material shall monitor a component or connection using the procedures specified
in s.
NR 661.1034(2) to demonstrate that it
operates with no detectable emissions following any time the component is
repaired or replaced, such as when a section of damaged hard piping is replaced
with new hard piping, or the connection is unsealed, such as an unbolted
flange.
b. Closed-vent system
components or connections other than those specified in subd. 2. a. shall be
monitored annually and at other times as requested by the department, except as
provided for under sub. (15), using the procedures specified in s.
NR 661.1034(2) to demonstrate that the
components or connections operate with no detectable
emissions.
3. In the
event that a defect or leak is detected, the remanufacturer or other person
that stores or treats the hazardous secondary material shall repair the defect
or leak in accordance with the requirements under par. (c).
4. The remanufacturer or other person that
stores or treats the hazardous secondary material shall maintain a record of
the inspection and monitoring in accordance with the requirements specified in
s.
NR 661.1035.
(b) Each closed-vent system that is used to
comply with sub. (11) (b) shall be inspected and monitored in accordance with
all of the following requirements:
1. The
closed-vent system shall be visually inspected by the remanufacturer or other
person that stores or treats the hazardous secondary material to check for
defects that could result in air pollutant emissions. Defects include visible
cracks, holes, or gaps in ductwork or piping or loose connections.
2. The remanufacturer or other person that
stores or treats the hazardous secondary material shall perform an initial
inspection of the closed-vent system on or before the date that the system
becomes subject to this section. Thereafter, the remanufacturer or other person
that stores or treats the hazardous secondary material shall perform the
inspections at least once every year.
3. In the event that a defect or leak is
detected, the remanufacturer or other person that stores or treats the
hazardous secondary material shall repair the defect in accordance with the
requirements under par. (c).
4. The
remanufacturer or other person that stores or treats the hazardous secondary
material shall maintain a record of the inspection and monitoring in accordance
with the requirements specified in s.
NR 661.1035.
(c) The remanufacturer or other person that
stores or treats the hazardous secondary material shall repair all detected
defects according to all of the following:
1.
Detectable emissions, as indicated by visual inspection, or by an instrument
reading greater than 500 ppmv above background, shall be controlled as soon as
practicable, but not later than 15 calendar days after the emission is
detected, except as specified in subd. 3.
2. A first attempt at repair shall be made no
later than 5 calendar days after the emission is detected.
3. Delay of repair of a closed-vent system
for which leaks have been detected is allowed if the repair is technically
infeasible without a process unit shutdown, or if the remanufacturer or other
person that stores or treats the hazardous secondary material determines that
emissions resulting from immediate repair would be greater than the fugitive
emissions likely to result from delay of repair. Repair of such equipment shall
be completed by the end of the next process unit shutdown.
4. The remanufacturer or other person that
stores or treats the hazardous secondary material shall maintain a record of
the defect repair in accordance with the requirements specified in s.
NR 661.1035.
(13) Closed-vent systems and control devices
used to comply with provisions of this subchapter shall be operated at all
times when emissions may be vented to them.
(14) An owner or operator using a carbon
adsorption system to control air pollutant emissions shall document that all
carbon that is a hazardous waste and that is removed from the control device is
managed in one of the following manners, regardless of the average volatile
organic concentration of the carbon:
(a)
Regenerated or reactivated in a thermal treatment unit that meets one of the
following:
1. The owner or operator of the
unit has been issued a final license under ch. NR 670 that implements the
requirements specified in subch. X of ch. NR 664.
2. The unit is equipped with and operating
air emission controls in accordance with the applicable requirements specified
in either subchs. AA and CC of this chapter or subchs. AA and CC of ch. NR
665.
3. The unit is equipped with
and operating air emission controls in accordance with a national emission
standard for hazardous air pollutants under 40 CFR part 61 or 63, or
corresponding provisions under subchs. III and IV of ch. NR 446 and chs.
NR
447 to 469.
(b) Incinerated in a hazardous waste
incinerator for which any of the following conditions has been met:
1. The owner or operator has been issued an
operating license under ch. NR 670 that implements the requirements specified
in subch. O of ch. NR 664.
2. The
owner or operator has designed and operates the incinerator in accordance with
the interim status requirements specified in subch. O of ch. NR
665.
(c) Burned in a
boiler or industrial furnace for which any of the following conditions has been
met:
1. The owner or operator has been issued
an operating license under ch. NR 670 that implements the requirements
specified in subch. H of ch. NR 666.
2. The owner or operator has designed and
operates the boiler or industrial furnace in accordance to the interim license
requirements specified in subch. H of ch. NR 666.
(15) Any components of a closed-vent system
that are designated, as described in s.
NR 661.1035(3)
(i), as unsafe to monitor are exempt from the
requirements specified in sub. (12) (a) 2. b. if the remanufacturer or other
person does all of the following:
(a) The
remanufacturer or other person that stores or treats the hazardous secondary
material in a hazardous secondary material management unit using a closed-vent
system determines that the components of the closed-vent system are unsafe to
monitor because monitoring personnel would be exposed to an immediate danger as
a consequence of complying with sub. (12) (a) 2. b.
(b) The remanufacturer or other person that
stores or treats the hazardous secondary material in a hazardous secondary
material management unit using a closed-vent system adheres to a written plan
that requires monitoring the closed-vent system components using the procedure
specified in sub. (12) (a) 2. b. as frequently as practicable during
safe-to-monitor times.
