(1) Unless a waiver of emission testing is
obtained from the department, each owner or operator of a source to which this
section applies on which construction or modification commenced after February
1, 1984 shall test emissions from the source within 90 days of
startup.
(2) The department shall
be notified at least 30 days prior to a stack or performance test to afford the
department the opportunity to have a representative present to witness the
testing procedures.
(3) Any
emission test shall be conducted while the equipment being tested is operating
at the maximum production rate at which the equipment will be operated and
under other relevant conditions as may be specified by the department based on
the representative performance of the source.
(4) When at all possible, each sample shall
be analyzed within 24 hours, but in no case in excess of 72 hours of sample
collection. Vinyl chloride emissions shall be determined within 30 days after
the emission test. The owner or operator shall report the determinations to the
department by registered letter dispatched before the close of the next
business day following the determination.
(5) The owner or operator shall retain at the
plant and make available, upon request, for inspection by a department
representative, for a minimum of 2 years, records of emission test results and
other data needed to determine emissions.
(6) Unless otherwise specified, the owner or
operator shall use Methods of 40 CFR part 61, Appendix B, incorporated by
reference in s.
NR 484.04(23), for each test as required
by pars. (a) to (e) unless an equivalent method or an alternative method has
been approved by the department. If the department finds reasonable grounds to
dispute the results obtained by an equivalent or alternative method, the
department may require the use of a reference method. If the results of the
reference and equivalent or alternative methods do not agree, the results
obtained by the reference method prevail, and the department may notify the
owner or operator that approval of the method previously considered to be
equivalent or alternative is withdrawn.
(a)
Method 106 of 40 CFR part 61, Appendix B, incorporated by reference in s.
NR 484.04, shall be used to determine the vinyl chloride
emissions from any source for which an emission limit is prescribed in ss.
NR 449.04(1) or (2), 449.05(1), 449.06(1) (a), (2), (3) or
(4), or from any control system to which
reactor emissions are required to be ducted in s.
NR 449.06(1) (b) or to which fugitive
emissions are required to be ducted in s.
NR 449.07(2) (a) 2., (b), (e), (f) 2. or (i)
2.
1. For
each run, one sample shall be collected. The sampling site shall be at least 2
stack or duct diameters downstream and one-half diameter upstream from any flow
disturbance such as a bend, expansion, contraction or visible flame. For a
rectangular cross section an equivalent diameter shall be determined from the
following equation:
equivalent diameter = 2 (length)(width) / length +
width
The sampling point in the duct shall be at the centroid of
the cross section. The sample shall be extracted at a rate proportional to the
gas velocity at the sampling point. The sample shall be taken over a minimum of
one hour, and shall contain a minimum volume of 50 liters corrected to standard
conditions.
2. Each
emission test shall consist of 3 runs. For the purpose of determining
emissions, the average of results of all runs shall apply. The average shall be
computed on a time weighted basis.
3. For gas streams containing more than 10%
oxygen the concentration of vinyl chloride as determined by Method 106 shall be
corrected to 10% oxygen (dry basis) for determination of emissions by using the
following equation:
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4. For
those emission sources where the emission limit is prescribed in terms of mass
rather than concentration, mass emissions in kilograms per 100 kilograms
product shall be determined by using the following equation:
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(b) Method 107 of 40 CFR part 61, Appendix B,
incorporated by reference in s.
NR 484.04(23), shall be used to
determine the concentration of vinyl chloride in each inprocess wastewater
stream for which an emission limit is prescribed in s.
NR 449.07(2) (i) 1.
(c) Where a stripping operation is used to
attain the emission limit in s.
NR 449.06(5), emissions shall be
determined using Method 107 of 40 CFR part 61, Appendix B, incorporated by
reference in s.
NR 484.04(3), as follows:
1. The number of strippers and samples and
the types and grades of resin to be sampled shall be determined by the
department for each individual plant at the time of the test based on the
plant's operation.
2. Each sample
shall be taken immediately following the stripping operation.
3. The corresponding quantity of material
processed by each stripper shall be determined on a dry solids basis and by a
method submitted to and approved by the department.
4. At the prior request of the department,
the owner or operator shall provide duplicates of the samples required in subd.
1.
(d) Where control
technology other than or in addition to a stripping operation is used to attain
the emission limit in s.
NR 449.06(5), emissions shall be
determined as follows:
1. Method 106 of 40
CFR part 61, Appendix B, incorporated by reference in s.
NR 484.04(23), shall be used to
determine atmospheric emissions from all of the process equipment
simultaneously. The requirements of par. (a) shall be met.
2. Method 107 of 40 CFR part 61, Appendix B,
incorporated by reference in s.
NR 484.04(23), shall be used to
determine the concentration of vinyl chloride in each inprocess wastewater
stream subject to the emission limit prescribed in s.
NR 449.06(5). The mass of vinyl chloride
in kilograms per 100 kilograms product in each inprocess wastewater stream
shall be determined by using the following equation:
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(e) The vinyl chloride reactor opening loss
for which an emission limit is prescribed in s.
NR 449.06(1) (b) shall be determined.
The number of reactors for which the determination shall be made shall be
specified by the department for each individual plant at the time of the
determination based on the plant's operation. For a vinyl chloride reactor that
is also used as a stripper, the determination may be made immediately following
the stripping operation.
1. Except as
provided in subd. 2., the vinyl chloride reactor opening loss shall be
determined using the following equation:
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Y is the number of batches since the vinyl chloride reactor
was last opened to the atmosphere
Z is the average kg of polyvinyl chloride produced per batch
in the batches since the vinyl chloride reactor was last opened to the
atmosphere
a. If Method 106 is used to
determine the concentration of vinyl chloride (Cb), the sample shall be
withdrawn at a constant rate with a probe of sufficient length to reach the
vessel bottom from the manhole. Samples shall be taken for 5 minutes within 6
inches of the vessel bottom, 5 minutes near the vessel center, and 5 minutes
near the vessel top.
b. If a
portable hydrocarbon detector is used to determine the concentration of vinyl
chloride (Cb), a probe of sufficient length to reach the vessel bottom from the
service access hole shall be used to make the measurements. One measurement
shall be made within 6 inches of the vessel bottom, one near the vessel center
and one near the vessel top. Measurements shall be made at each location until
the reading is stabilized. All hydrocarbons measured shall be assumed to be
vinyl chloride.
c. The production
rate of polyvinyl chloride (Z) shall be determined by a method submitted to and
approved by the department.
2. A calculation based on the number of
evacuations, the vacuum involved, and the volume of gas in the reactor is
hereby approved by the department as an alternative method for determining
reactor opening loss for past polymerization reactors in the manufacture of
bulk resins.
