Wisconsin Administrative Code
Department of Natural Resources
NR 100-199 - Environmental Protection General
Chapter NR 140 - Groundwater Quality
Subchapter III - Evaluation and Response Procedures
Section NR 140.22 - Point of standards application for design and compliance

Universal Citation: WI Admin Code § NR 140.22

Current through November 25, 2024

(1) DESIGN. Except as specified in sub. (1m), facilities, practices or activities regulated by the department, including remedial actions, shall be designed to minimize the level of substances in groundwater and to comply with the preventive action limits to the extent technically and economically feasible at all the following locations:

(a) Any point of present groundwater use.

(b) Any point beyond the boundary of the property on which the facility, practice or activity is located.

(c) Any point within the property boundaries beyond the 3-dimensional design management zone if one is established by the department at each facility, practice or activity under sub. (3).

(d) Every point at which groundwater is monitored to determine if a preventive action limit or enforcement standard has been attained or exceeded for sites identified under s. NR 140.22(2) (c).

(1m) DESIGN OF ASR SYSTEMS; SPECIFIED SUBSTANCES. The point of standards application to determine if the design of an aquifer storage recovery system, regulated under ch. 280 or 281, Stats., complies with the preventive action limits for a specified substance is 1,200 feet from an aquifer storage and recovery well and at any other well that is not part of the ASR system and that is within 1,200 feet of an aquifer storage recovery well.

(2) COMPLIANCE.

(a) Except as specified in par. (d), the point of standards application to determine if a preventive action limit has been attained or exceeded is any point at which groundwater is monitored.

(b) Except as specified in par. (d), the point of standards application to determine whether an enforcement standard has been attained or exceeded shall be the following locations:
1. Any point of present groundwater use;

2. Any point beyond the boundary of the property on which the facility, practice or activity is located;

3. Any point within the property boundaries beyond the 3 dimensional design management zone if one is established by the department at each facility, practice or activity under sub. (3).

Note: The boundary beyond which the enforcement standards apply is the closer of the property boundary or the design management zone boundary to the waste boundary for the facility, practice or activity.

(c) For discharges, releases, sites or facilities regulated under s. 292.11, 291.29 or 291.37, Stats., or s. NR 600.07, for which a design management zone has not been established in sub. (3), Table 4, the point of standards application shall be every point at which groundwater is monitored to determine if a preventive action limit or enforcement standard has been attained or exceeded.

Note: Section NR 600.07 no longer exists.

(d) The point of standards application to determine if a preventive action limit or enforcement standard for a specified substance has been attained or exceeded at an aquifer storage recovery well, regulated under ch. 280 or 281, Stats., is 1,200 feet from the aquifer storage and recovery well and at any other well that is not part of the ASR system and that is within 1,200 feet of the aquifer storage recovery well.

(3) DESIGN MANAGEMENT ZONE.

(a) The design management zone for facilities, practices or activities subject to regulation by the department shall be an area enclosed by vertical boundaries which extend from the land surface downward through all saturated geological formations. The design management zone shall extend horizontally beyond the waste boundary or ASR displacement zone to the distance indicated in Table 4 for the specific type of facility, practice or activity. The waste boundary shall be the outermost limit at which waste from a facility, practice or activity has been stored, applied or disposed of, or permitted or approved for storage, application or disposal. For hazardous waste facilities regulated under ch. 291, Stats., the waste boundary shall include the horizontal space taken up by any liner, dike or other barrier to contain waste.

(b) In issuing or reissuing a permit, license or approval, the department may consider an expansion or reduction of the design management zone at a regulated or proposed facility, practice or activity by a horizontal distance not to exceed 50% of the distance listed in Table 4.

(c) The department shall consider the following factors in determining whether to expand or reduce the design management zone:
1. Nature, thickness and permeability of unconsolidated materials, including topography;

2. Nature and permeability of bedrock;

3. Groundwater depth, flow direction and velocity;

4. Waste volume, waste type and characteristics, including waste loading;

5. Contaminant mobility;

6. Distances to property boundary and surface waters;

7. Engineering design of the facility, practice or activity;

8. Life span of the facility, practice or activity;

9. Present and anticipated uses of land and groundwater; and

10. Potential abatement options if an enforcement standard is exceeded.

(d) The design management zone may not be expanded or reduced unless it has been demonstrated to the satisfaction of the department that the preventive action limits and enforcement standards will be met at the adjusted design management zone. The design management zone may not be expanded unless it has been demonstrated to the satisfaction of the department that the preventive action limits and enforcement standards cannot be met at the design management zone specified in Table 4.

Table 4

Type of Facility, Practice or Activity

Horizontal

Distances for the

Design Management Zone

Land disposal systems regulated under ch. 283, Stats.

250 feet

Wastewater and sludge storage or treatment lagoons regulated under ch. 281 or 283, Stats.

100 feet

Solid waste disposal facilities regulated under ch. 289, Stats., which have feasibility reports approved after October 1, 1985.

150 feet

All other solid waste disposal facilities regulated under ch. 289, Stats.

300 feet

Hazardous waste disposal facilities, waste piles, landfills and surface impoundments subject to regulation under ss. NR 665.0090 to 665.0094

300 feet

Hazardous waste disposal facilities, waste piles, landfills and surface impoundments subject to regulation under ss. NR 664.0090 to 664.0100.

0 feet

Aquifer storage recovery systems regulated under ch. 280 or 281, Stats.

0 feet

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