Wisconsin Administrative Code
Department of Natural Resources
NR 1-99 - Fish, Game and Enforcement, Forestry and Recreation
Chapter NR 40 - Invasive Species Identification, Classification And Control
Section NR 40.04 - Prohibited category

Universal Citation: WI Admin Code ยง NR 40.04

Current through August 26, 2024

(1) PROHIBITED INVASIVE SPECIES. Prohibited invasive species are identified in this section by scientific and common names and by specific categories of species.

(2) IDENTIFICATION OF PROHIBITED SPECIES.

(a) Algae and cyanobacteria. The following algae and cyanobacteria invasive species are prohibited:
1g. Caulerpa taxifolia (Killer algae)

1r. Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii (Cylindro)

2. Didymosphenia geminata (Didymo or rock snot), except in Lake Superior

3. Nitellopsis obtusa (Starry stonewort)

4. Novel cyanobacterial epiphyte of the orderStigonematales linked with avian vacuolar myelinopathy

5. Prymnesium parvum (Golden alga)

6. Ulva species, including species previously known as Enteromorpha species

(b) Plants. The following plant invasive species are prohibited statewide except in the counties listed where they are restricted under s. NR40.05(2) (b):
1e. Achyranthes japonica (Japanese chaff flower)

1m. Akebia quinata (Fiveleaf akebia or chocolate vine)

1s. Ampelopsis brevipedunculata (Porcelain berry) including the variegated cultivar

2. Anthriscussylvestris (Wild chervil) except in Adams, Barron, Chippewa, Crawford, Columbia, Dane, Dodge, Dunn, Fond du Lac, Grant, Green, Green Lake, Iowa, Jefferson, Juneau, Kenosha, La Crosse, Lafayette, Marquette, Milwaukee, Monroe, Ozaukee, Polk, Racine, Richland, Rock, Sauk, Sheboygan, Taylor, Vernon, Walworth, Waukesha, and Washington counties

2e. Arundo donax (Giant reed)

2m. Azolla pinnata (Mosquito fern)

2s. Berberis vulgaris (Common barberry)

3. Bunias orientalis (Hill mustard) except in Dane, Grant, Green, Iowa, Lafayette, and Rock counties

4. Cabomba caroliniana (Fanwort)

4g. Cardamine impatiens (Narrow leaf bittercress)

4n. Celastrus loeseneri (Asian loeseneri bittersweet)

4r. Centaurea diffusa (Diffuse knapweed)

4w. Centaurea repens (Russian knapweed)

5. Centaurea solstitialis(Yellow star thistle)

7. Cirsium palustre (European marsh thistle) except in Ashland, Bayfield, Chippewa, Clark, Doo r, Florence, Forest, Iron, Langlade, Lincoln, Marathon, Marinette, Menominee, Oconto, Oneida, Price, Rusk, Sawyer, Shawano, Taylor and Vilas counties

8. Conium maculatum (Poison hemlock) except in Buffalo, Crawford, Dane, Grant, Green, Iowa, Jefferson, Kenosha, La Crosse, Lafayette, Milwaukee, Monroe, Ozaukee, Racine, Richland, Rock, Sauk, Sheboygan, Trempealeau, Vernon, Walworth, and Waukesha counties

9. Crassula helmsii (Australian swamp crop or New Zealand pygmyweed)

10. Cytisus scoparius (Scotch broom)

10g. Digitalis lanata (Grecian foxglove)

10r. Dioscorea batatas or Dioscorea polystacha (Chinese yam)

11. Dioscorea oppositifolia (Indian yam)

12. Egeria densa (Brazilian waterweed or wide-leaf anacharis)

12g. Eichhornia azurea (Anchored water hyacinth)

12r. Eichhornia crassipes (Water hyacinth, floating)

13. Epilobium hirsutum (Hairy willow herb) except in Brown, Calumet, Door, Kenosha, Kewaunee, and Manitowoc counties

13e. Fallopia x bohemicum or F. x bohemica or Polygonum x bohemicum (Bohemian knotweed)

13m. Fallopia sachalinensis or Polygonum sachalinense (Giant knotweed)

13s. Glossostigma cleistanthum (Mudmat)

14. Glyceria maxima (Tall or reed mannagrass) except in Brown, Calumet, Columbia, Dane, Dodge, Door, Fond du Lac, Green, Jefferson, Kenosha, Kewaunee, Manitowoc, Milwaukee, Outagamie, Ozaukee, Racine, Rock, Sheboygan, Walworth, Washington, Waukesha and Winnebago counties

15. Heracleum mantegazzianum (Giant hogweed)

16. Humulusjaponicus (Japanese hops) except in Buffalo, Crawford, Dane, Grant, Green, Iowa, Jackson, La Crosse, Lafayette, Monroe, Pepin, Richland, Sauk, Trempealeau, and Vernon counties

17. Hydrilla verticillata (Hydrilla)

18. Hydrocharis morsus-ranae (European frogbit)

18d. Hydrocotyle ranunculoides (Floating marsh pennywort)

18h. Hygrophila polysperma (Indian swampweed)

18p. Impatiens glandulifera (Policeman's helmet)

18t. Ipomoea aquatica (Water spinach)

19. Lagarosiphon major (Oxygen-weed, African elodea or African waterweed)

20. Lepidium latifolium (Perennial or broadleaved pepperweed)

21. Lespedeza cuneata or Lespedeza sericea (Sericea or Chinese lespedeza)

22. Leymus arenarius or Elymus arenarius (Lyme grass or sand ryegrass) except in Door, Kenosha, Kewaunee, Manitowoc, Milwaukee, Ozaukee, Racine, and Sheboygan counties

22g. Limnophila sessiliflora (Asian marshweed)

22r. Linaria dalmatica (Dalmatian toadflax) except in Juneau and Bayfield counties

23. Lonicera japonica (Japanese honeysuckle)

24. Lonicera maackii (Amur honeysuckle) except in Adams, Brown, Buffalo, Calumet, Columbia, Crawford, Dane, Dodge, Fond du Lac, Grant, Green, Green Lake, Iowa, Jefferson, Juneau, Kenosha, Kewaunee, La Crosse, Lafayette, Manitowoc, Marquette, Milwaukee, Monroe, Outagamie, Ozaukee, Racine, Richland, Rock, Sauk, Sheboygan, Vernon, Walworth, Washington, Waukesha, Waupaca, Waushara, and Winnebago counties

24m. Lythrum virgatum (Wanded loosestrife)

25. Microstegium vimineum (Japanese stilt grass)

26. Myriophyllum aquaticum (Parrot feather)

27. Najas minor (Brittle naiad, or lesser, bushy, slender, spiny or minor naiad or waternymph)

27m. Nelumbo nucifera (Sacred lotus)

28. Nymphoides peltata (Yellow floating heart)

28e. Oenanthe javanica (Java waterdropwort or Vietnamese parsley)

28m. Oplismenus hirtellus ssp. undulatifolius (Wavy leaf basket grass)

28s. Ottelia alismoides (Ducklettuce)

29. Paulownia tomentosa (Princess tree)

29d. Petasites hybridus (Butterfly dock)

29h. Phellodendron amurense (Amur cork tree) except male cultivars and seedling rootstock

29p. Phragmites australis (Phragmites or common reed) non-native ecotype except in Brown, Calumet, Columbia, Dane, Dodge, Door, Florence, Fond du Lac, Forest, Green Lake, Jefferson, Kenosha, Kewaunee, Langlade, Manitowoc, Marathon, Marinette, Marquette, Menominee, Milwaukee, Oconto, Outagamie, Ozaukee, Portage, Racine, Rock, Shawano, Sheboygan, Walworth, Washington, Waukesha, Waupaca, Waushara, and Winnebago counties

29t. Pistia stratiotes (Water lettuce)

30. Polygonumperfoliatum or Persicaria perfoliata (Mile-a-minute vine)

32. Pueraria montana or P. lobata(Kudzu)

33. Quercus acutissima (Sawtooth oak)

33g. Ranunculus ficaria (Lesser celandine)

33r. Rubus armeniacus (Himalayan blackberry)

34. Rubus phoenicolasius (Wineberry or wine raspberry)

34b. Sagittaria sagittifolia (Hawaii arrowhead)

34f. Salvinia herzogii (Giant salvinia)

34k. Salvinia molesta (Giant salvinia)

34p. Solidago sempervirens (Seaside goldenrod) except in Kenosha, Milwaukee and Racine counties

34s. Sorghum halepense (Johnsongrass)

34w. Stratiotes aloides (Water soldiers)

34y. Taeniatherum caput-medusae (Medusahead)

35. Torilis arvensis (Spreading hedgeparsley)

36. Torilis japonica (Japanese hedgeparsley or erect hedgeparsley) except in Adams, Brown, Calumet, Columbia, Crawford, Dane, Dodge, Door, Fond du Lac, Grant, Green, Green Lake, Iowa, Jefferson, Juneau, Kenosha, Kewaunee, La Crosse, Lafayette, Langlade, Manitowoc, Marathon, Marinette, Marquette, Menominee, Milwaukee, Monroe, Oconto, Outagamie, Ozaukee, Portage, Racine, Richland, Rock, Sauk, Shawano, Sheboygan, Vernon, Walworth, Washington, Waukesha, Waupaca, Waushara, and Winnebago counties

37. Trapa natans (Water chestnut)

37e. Tussilago farfara (Colt's foot)

37m. Typha domingensis (Southern cattail)

37s. Typha laxmannii (Graceful cattail)

38. Vincetoxicum nigrum or Cynanchum louiseae (Black or Louise's swallow-wort) except in Columbia, Crawford, Dane, Grant, Green, Iowa, Jefferson, Juneau, Kenosha, La Crosse, Lafayette, Milwaukee, Monroe, Racine, Richland, Rock, Sauk, Vernon, Walworth and Waukesha counties

39. Vincetoxicum rossicum or Cynanchum rossicum (Pale or European swallow-wort)

40. Wisteria floribunda (Japanese wisteria)

41. Wisteria sinensis (Chinese wisteria)

(c) Fish and crayfish. The following fish invasive species and crayfish invasive species are prohibited:
1. Channidae (snakehead), including Channa argus (Northern snakehead), Channa bleheri (Rainbow snakehead), Channa gachua (Dwarf snakehead), Channa maculata (Blotched snakehead), Channa marulius (Bullseye snakehead), Channa punctata (Spotted snakehead), and Channa striata (Chevron snakehead)

2. Ctenopharyngodon idella (Grass carp)

3. Cyprinella lutrensis (Red shiner)

6. Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Silver carp)

7. Hypophthalmichthys nobilis (Bighead carp)

8. Mylopharyngodon piceus (Black carp)

9. Sander lucioperca (Zander)

10. Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Rudd)

11. Tinca tinca (Tench)

12. All other nonnative fish and nonnative crayfish except:
a. Established nonnative fish species and established nonnative crayfish species

b. Nonnative viable fish species in the aquarium trade

c. Nonnative fish species in the aquaculture industry

d. Nonviable fish species

e. Genetically modified fish species

(d) Aquatic invertebrates except crayfish. The following aquatic invertebrate invasive species are prohibited:
1. Bithynia tentaculata (Faucet snail)

2. Bythotrephes cederstroemi (Spiny water flea)

3. Cercopagis pengoi (Fishhook water flea)

4. Corbicula fluminea (Asian clam)

5. Daphnia lumholtzi (Water flea)

5m. Dikerogammarus villosus (Killer shrimp)

6. Dreissena rostriformis (Quagga mussel)

7. Eriocheir sinensi (Chinese mitten crabs)

8. Hemimysis anomala (Bloody shrimp)

8g. Limnoperna fortunei (Golden mussel)

8r. Melanoides tuberculata (Malaysian trumpet snail)

9. Potamopyrgus antipodarum (New Zealand mud snail)

(e) Terrestrial invertebrates and plant disease-causing microorganisms. The following terrestrial invertebrate invasive species and plant disease-causing microorganism invasive species are prohibited:
1. Adelges tsugae (Hemlock woolly adelgid)

4. Anoplophora glabripennis (Asian longhorned beetle)

5e. Dendroctonus ponderosae (Mountain pine beetle)

5m. Geosmithia morbida (Thousand cankers disease of walnut)

6. Lymantria dispar Asian race (Asian Gypsy moth)

7. Phytophthora ramorum (Sudden oak death pathogen)

8. Pityophthorus juglandis (Walnut twig beetle)

Note These terrestrial invertebrates and plant disease-causing microorganisms are also regulated by the department under s. NR45.04 and by DATCP under ch. ATCP 21 and ch. 94, Stats.

Note For species that are both listed under ch. NR 40 and quarantined at the federal and/or the state level, the department determines that "reasonable precautions" allow for the incidental possession, transport, transfer, or introduction of a prohibited or restricted organism within the boundaries of a federal or state quarantine for that organism.

(f) Terrestrial and aquatic vertebrates except fish. The following terrestrial and aquatic vertebrate invasive species are prohibited:
1. Myiopsitta monachus (Monk or Quaker parakeet or parrot)

1m. Myocastor coypus (Nutria)

2. Sus domestica (Feral domestic swine)

3. Sus scrofa (Russian boar) and other wild swine

(g) Fungi. The following fungus invasive species are prohibited:
1. Pseudogymnoascus destructans (White-nose syndrome fungal pathogen)

(3) ACTIONS PROHIBITED BY THIS CLASSIFICATION; EXEMPTIONS.

(a) Except as otherwise provided in pars. (b) to (i), no person may transport, possess, transfer, or introduce a prohibited invasive species identified or listed under sub. (2).

(b) Paragraph (a) does not apply to a person who transports, possesses, transfers or introduces a prohibited invasive species identified or listed under sub. (2) if the department determines that the transportation, possession, transfer or introduction was incidental or unknowing, and was not due to the person's failure to take reasonable precautions.

Note Paragraph (b) does not apply to preventive measures set out in s. NR40.07.

(c) If authorized by a permit issued by the department under this chapter, a person may transport, possess, transfer or introduce a prohibited invasive species for research, public display, or, if the species is not a fish or crayfish, for other purposes specified by the department in the permit.

(d) A legally obtained nonnative wild animal that is a pet may be possessed, transported or transferred without a permit issued by the department under this chapter if obtained prior to and located in the State of Wisconsin on the date the species is listed as prohibited under this section, but may not be introduced. The offspring of pets possessed under this paragraph may not be transferred.

(e) Paragraph (a) does not apply to a person who transports, possesses, transfers, or introduces a terrestrial invertebrate or plant disease-causing microorganism that is regulated under a quarantine imposed by DATCP under s. 94.01, Stats., or a United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service quarantine area declared under 7 USC section 7714 or 7715 if any of the following apply:
1. The person is in compliance with a D ATCP-USDA APHIS compliance agreement applicable to the terrestrial invertebrate or plant disease-causing microorganism.

2. The transport, possession, transfer or introduction takes place entirely within the quarantine applicable to the terrestrial invertebrate or plant disease-causing microorganism.

(f) Paragraph (a) does not apply to a person who has a permit issued by DATCP under s. ATCP 21.04 for importation, movement, distribution or release of a pest or biological control agent that is a prohibited invasive species identified or listed under sub. (2).

(g) A person may transport, possess or give away a prohibited invasive species for the purpose of identification or disposal without a permit issued by the department under this chapter, if the person reports the location of origin of the prohibited invasive species to the department and no individual specimens or propagules are allowed to escape or be introduced. Reports shall be submitted within 30 days of the person taking possession and shall include contact and property owner information, type and detailed location of the species, the purpose for transporting, possessing or giving away the invasive species, and the final disposition of the invasive species. This paragraph does not apply to terrestrial and aquatic vertebrates or fish species.

Note Paragraph (g) does not apply to transport of identified carriers of invasive species as described in s. NR40.07(5) (a).

Note Reports for invasive species may be sent to:

Attn: Statewide Invasive Species Coordinator, SS/7

Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources

PO Box 7921

Madison, WI 53707-7921

Note Reports may also be sent by email to invasive.species@wisconsin.gov.

(h) Paragraph (a) does not apply to any of the following:
1. A person who holds a scientific collector permit for the invasive species under s. 29.614, Stats.

2. A person who, while lawfully fishing, inadvertently catches a fish invasive species.

3. Employees or duly authorized agents of the department in the performance of their official duties.

Note Section NR20.20(73) (c) 1sets a bag limit of 0 for nonindigenous detrimental fish, but allows one such fish to be taken by hook and line if it is killed immediately and delivered immediately to a department service center or regional office. All nonindigenous fish species are declared under s. NR20.38(6) to be detrimental fish if the fish were imported without a permit in violation of s. 29.735, Stats., or are found in any water where their presence is not specifically permitted by the department.

(i) Paragraph (a) does not apply to phragmites associated with a reed bed treatment unit used in a wastewater treatment facility authorized by a WPDES permit under ch. 283, Stats.

(3m) EARLY DETECTION MONITORING. Unless entry is otherwise authorized by law, as part of an invasive species early detection program, the department or its designee may enter property where a cave or mine may be located to monitor, survey or inspect for the presence of the prohibited invasive fungus species Geomyces destructans (white-nose syndrome fungal pathogen) in the cave or mine, with permission of the person who owns, controls or manages the property, but if the person does not grant permission or cannot be located by the department after making reasonable effort, the department may seek an inspection warrant under s. 66.0119, Stats., from the appropriate circuit court authorizing entry. Data obtained by the department under this subsection shall be made available to the person who owns, controls or manages the property.

(4) CONTROL REQUIREMENTS.

(a) Unless entry is otherwise authorized by law, if the department has reason to believe that a prohibited species is present, the department or its designee may enter property to inspect for, survey or control prohibited species with permission of the person who owns, controls or manages the property, but if the person does not grant permission or cannot be located by the department after making reasonable effort, the department may seek an inspection warrant from the appropriate circuit court authorizing entry.

(b) The department may ask any person who owns, controls or manages property where a prohibited species is present to control the prohibited species in accordance with a plan approved by the department. The department will seek funds to assist in the control of prohibited species. However, a person who owns, controls or manages property where a prohibited species is present is responsible for controlling the prohibited species that exists on the property.

Note The department anticipates it will request control of a prohibited invasive species only if it is feasible and reasonable to control the prohibited species on the property.

(c) If voluntary cooperation is not achievable or likely, and it is feasible and reasonable to control the prohibited species on the property, the department or its designee may control the prohibited species or it may offer the person the opportunity to negotiate the terms of a consent order for control purposes.

(d) If a consent order is not achievable or likely, the department may issue a unilateral order requiring that the person who owns, controls or manages the property control the prohibited species in accordance with a plan approved by the department unless the department determines that the prohibited species is present through no fault of the person. If the department determines that the prohibited species is present through no fault of the person, the department or its designee may control the prohibited species.

(e) If the person does not control the prohibited species upon order of the department, the department or its designee may control the prohibited species and the department may recover the reasonable and necessary expenses it incurs.

(f) The department may remove, or cause to be removed any detrimental fish or other prohibited invasive species from waters of the state.

Note All nonindigenous fish species are declared under s. NR20.38(6) to be detrimental fish if the fish were imported without a permit in violation of s. 29.735, Stats., or are found in any water where their presence is not specifically permitted by the department.

Persons finding any prohibited species are encouraged to report the species and its location to the department.

Disclaimer: These regulations may not be the most recent version. Wisconsin may have more current or accurate information. We make no warranties or guarantees about the accuracy, completeness, or adequacy of the information contained on this site or the information linked to on the state site. Please check official sources.
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