Current through Register Vol. 24-06, March 15, 2024
(1)
You must meet the following requirements for routine inspections:
(a) At the completion of each use, loose gear
such as slings, chains, bridles, blocks, and hooks must be so placed as to
avoid damage to the gear. Loose gear must be inspected and any defects
corrected before reuse.
(b) All
loose gear must be inspected by the employer or their authorized representative
before each use and, when necessary, at intervals during its use, to ensure
that it is safe. Any gear which is found upon inspection to be unsafe must not
be used until it is made safe.
(c)
Defective gear must not be used. Distorted hooks, shackles, or similar gear
must be discarded.
(d) Chains or
other gear which have been lengthened, altered, or repaired by welding must be
properly heat treated, and before again being put into use, must be tested and
reexamined in the manner set forth in WAC
296-56-60097 and
296-56-60098.
(2) You must maintain a record of
the dates and results of the tests with each unit of gear concerned clearly
identified. The records must be available for examination by division of
consultation and compliance personnel and the employee safety
committee.
(3) You must meet the
following requirements for wire rope and wire rope slings:
(a) You must ascertain and adhere to the
manufacturer's recommended ratings for wire rope and wire rope slings and must
have such ratings available at the terminal. When the manufacturer is unable to
supply such ratings, you must use the tables for wire rope and wire rope slings
found in American National Safety Standard for Slings, ANSI/ASME B30.9-1984. A
design safety factor of at least five must be maintained for the common sizes
of running wire used as falls, in purchases or in such uses as light load
slings. Wire rope with a safety factor of less than five may be used only:
(i) In specialized equipment, such as cranes
designed to be used with lesser wire rope safety factors;
(ii) In accordance with design factors in
standing rigging applications; or
(iii) For heavy lifts or other purposes for
which a safety factor of five is impractical and for which the employer can
demonstrate that equivalent safety is ensured.
(b) Wire rope or wire rope slings exhibiting
any of the following conditions must not be used:
(i) Ten randomly distributed broken wires in
one rope lay or three or more broken wires in one strand in one rope
lay;
(ii) Kinking, crushing, bird
caging, or other damage resulting in distortion of the wire rope
structure;
(iii) Evidence of heat
damage;
(iv) Excessive wear,
corrosion, deformation or other defect in the wire or attachments, including
cracks in attachments;
(v) Any
indication of strand or wire slippage in end attachments; or
(vi) More than one broken wire in the close
vicinity of a socket or swaged fitting.
(c) Four by twenty-nine (4 x 29) wire rope
must not be used in any running rigging.
(d) Protruding ends of strands in splices on
slings and bridles must be covered or blunted. Coverings must be removable so
that splices can be examined. Means used to cover or blunt ends must not damage
the wire.
(e) Where wire rope clips
are used to form eyes, you must adhere to the manufacturer's recommendations,
which must be available at the terminal. If "U" bolt clips are used and the
manufacturer's recommendations are not available, Table C-1 must be used to
determine the number and spacing of clips. "U" bolts must be applied with the
"U" section in contact with the dead end of the rope.
Table C-1 Number and Spacing of U-Bolt Wire Rope
Clips
Improved plow steel, rope diameter |
Minimum number of clips |
Minimum spacing |
inches/(cm) |
Drop forged |
Other material |
inches/(cm) |
1/2 or less (1.3) |
3 |
4 |
3 (7.6) |
5/8 (1.6) |
3 |
4 |
3 3/4 (9.5) |
3/4 (1.9) |
4 |
5 |
4 1/2 (11.4) |
7/8 (2.2) |
4 |
5 |
5 1/4 (13.3) |
1 (2.5) |
5 |
7 |
6 (15.2) |
1 1/8 (2.9) |
6 |
7 |
6 3/4 (17.1) |
1 1/4 (3.2) |
6 |
8 |
7 1/2 (19.1) |
1 3/8 (3.5) |
7 |
8 |
8 1/4 (21.0) |
1 1/2 (3.8) |
7 |
9 |
9 (22.9) |
(f)
Wire rope must not be secured by knots.
(g) Eyes in wire rope bridles, slings, bull
wires, or in single parts used for hoisting must not be formed by wire rope
clips or knots.
(h) Eye splices in
wire ropes must have at least three tucks with a whole strand of the rope and
two tucks with one-half of the wire cut from each strand. Other forms of
splices or connections which are demonstrated to be equally safe may be
used.
(i) Except for eye splices in
the ends of wires and for endless rope slings, each wire rope used in hoisting
or lowering, or in bulling cargo, must consist of one continuous piece without
knot or splice.
(4) You
must meet the following requirements for natural fiber rope.
(a) You must ascertain the manufacturer's
ratings for the specific natural fiber rope used and have such ratings
available at the terminal. The manufacturer's ratings must be adhered to and a
minimum design safety factor of five maintained.
(b) Eye splices must consist of at least
three full tucks. Short splices must consist of at least six full tucks, three
on each side of the center line.
(5) You must meet the following requirements
for synthetic rope:
(a) You must adhere to
the manufacturer's ratings and use recommendations for the specific synthetic
fiber rope used and must have such ratings available at the terminal.
(b) Unless otherwise recommended by the
manufacturer, when synthetic fiber ropes are substituted for manila ropes of
less than three inches (7.62 cm) circumference, the substitute must be of equal
size. Where substituted for manila rope of three inches or more in
circumference, the size of the synthetic rope must be determined from the
formula:
C=[RADIC].6(Cs2)+4(Cm2)
Where C = the required circumference of the synthetic rope in
inches, Cs = the circumference to the nearest
one-quarter inch of a synthetic rope having a breaking strength not less than
that of the size manila rope that would be required by subsection (4) of this
section, and Cm = the circumference of manila rope in
inches which would be required by subsection (4) of this
section.
(c) In making such
substitution, it must be ascertained that the inherent characteristics of the
synthetic fiber are suitable for hoisting.
(6) You must remove natural or synthetic rope
having any of the following defects from service:
(a) Abnormal wear;
(b) Powdered fiber between strands;
(c) Sufficient cut or broken fibers to affect
the capacity of the rope;
(d)
Variations in the size or roundness of strands;
(e) Discolorations other than stains not
associated with rope damage;
(f)
Rotting; or
(g) Distortion or other
damage to attached hardware.
(7) You must use properly fitting thimbles
where any rope is secured permanently to a ring, shackle or attachment, where
practical.
(8) You must meet the
following requirements for synthetic web slings:
(a) Slings and nets or other combinations of
more than one piece of synthetic webbing assembled and used as a single unit
(synthetic web slings) must not be used to hoist loads in excess of the sling's
rated capacity.
(b) Synthetic web
slings must be removed from service if they exhibit any of the following
defects:
(i) Acid or caustic burns;
(ii) Melting or charring of any part of the
sling surface;
(iii) Snags,
punctures, tears or cuts;
(iv)
Broken or worn stitches;
(v)
Distortion or damage to fittings; or
(vi) Display of visible warning threads or
markers designed to indicate excessive wear or damage.
(c) Defective synthetic web slings removed
from service must not be returned to service unless repaired by a sling
manufacturer or similar entity. Each repaired sling must be proof tested by the
repairer to twice the slings' rated capacity prior to its return to service.
You must retain a certificate of the proof test and make it available for
examination.
(d) Synthetic web
slings provided by you must only be used in accordance with the manufacturer's
recommendations, which must be made available upon request.
(e) Fittings must have a breaking strength at
least equal to that of the sling to which they are attached and must be free of
sharp edges.
(9) You
must meet the following requirements for chains and chain slings used for
hoisting.
(a) You must adhere to the
manufacturer's recommended ratings for safe working loads for the sizes of the
wrought iron and alloy steel chains and chain slings used and must have such
ratings available. When the manufacturer is unable to provide such ratings, you
must use the tables for chains and chain slings found in American National
Safety Standard for Slings, ANSI B30.9-1971.
(b) Proof coil steel chain, also known as
common or hardware chain, and other chain not recommended by the manufacturer
for slinging or hoisting must not be used for slinging or hoisting.
(c) Sling chains, including end fastenings,
must be inspected for visible defects before each day's use and as often as
necessary during use to ensure integrity of the sling.
(i) Thorough inspections of chains in use
must be made quarterly to detect wear, defective welds, deformation, increase
in length or stretch. The month of inspection must be indicated on each chain
by color of paint on a link or by other effective means.
(ii) Chains must be removed from service when
maximum allowable wear, as indicated in Table C-2, is reached at any point of
link.
(iii) Chain slings must be
removed from service when stretch has increased the length of a measured
section by more than five percent; when a link is bent, twisted or otherwise
damaged; or when a link has a raised scarf or defective weld.
(iv) Only designated persons shall inspect
chains used for slinging and hoisting.
Table C-2 Maximum Allowable Wear at Any Point of
Link
Chain Size
|
Maximum Allowable Wear
|
Inches
|
(cm)
|
Inches
|
(cm)
|
1/4 (9/32) |
(0.6) |
3/64 |
(0.1) |
3/8 |
(1.0) |
5/64 |
(0.2) |
1/2 |
(1.3) |
7/64 |
(0.3) |
5/8 |
(1.6) |
9/64 |
(0.4) |
3/4 |
(1.9) |
5/32 |
(0.4) |
7/8 |
(2.2) |
11/64 |
(0.4) |
1 |
(2.5) |
3/16 |
(0.5) |
1 1/8 |
(2.9) |
7/32 |
(0.6) |
1 1/4 |
(3.2) |
1/4 |
(0.6) |
1 3/8 |
(3.5) |
9/32 |
(0.7) |
1 1/2 |
(3.8) |
5/16 |
(0.8) |
1 3/4 |
(4.4) |
11/32 |
(0.9) |
(d) Chains must only be repaired under
qualified supervision. Links or portions of chain defective under any of the
criteria under (c) of this subsection must be replaced with properly
dimensioned links or connections of material similar to that of the original
chain. Before repaired chains are returned to service, they must be tested to
the proof test load recommended by the manufacturer for the original chain.
Tests must be performed by the manufacturer or must be certified by an agency
accredited for the purpose under WAC
296-56-60093. Test certificates
must be available at the terminal.
(e) Wrought iron chains in constant use must
be annealed or normalized at intervals not exceeding six months. Heat treatment
certificates must be available at the terminal. Alloy chains must not be
annealed.
(f) Kinked or knotted
chains must not be used for lifting. Chains must not be shortened by bolting,
wiring or knotting. Makeshift links or fasteners such as wire, bolts or rods
must not be used.
(g) Hooks, rings,
links and attachments affixed to sling chains must have rated capacities at
least equal to that of the chains to which they are attached.
(h) Chain slings must bear identification of
size, grade and rated capacity.
(10) You must meet the following requirements
for shackles:
(a) If available, the
manufacturer's recommended safe working loads for shackles must not be
exceeded. In the absence of manufacturer's recommendations, Table C-3 must
apply.
(b) Screw pin shackles used
aloft in house fall or other gear, except in cargo hook assemblies, must have
their pins moused or otherwise effectively secured.
Table C-3 Safe Working Loads for Shackles
Material Size
|
Pin Diameter
|
Safe Working Load in 2,000 lb
Tons
|
Inches
|
(cm)
|
Inches
|
(cm)
|
1/2 |
(1.3) |
5/8 |
(1.6) |
1.4 |
5/8 |
(1.6) |
3/4 |
(1.9) |
2.2 |
3/4 |
(1.9) |
7/8 |
(2.2) |
3.2 |
7/8 |
(2.2) |
1 |
(2.5) |
4.3 |
1 |
(2.5) |
1 1/8 |
(2.9) |
5.6 |
1 1/8 |
(2.9) |
1 1/4 |
(3.2) |
6.7 |
1 1/4 |
(3.2) |
1 3/8 |
(3.5) |
8.2 |
1 3/8 |
(3.5) |
1 1/2 |
(3.8) |
10.0 |
1 1/2 |
(3.8) |
1 5/8 |
(4.1) |
11.9 |
1 3/4 |
(4.4) |
2 |
(5.1) |
16.2 |
2 |
(5.1) |
2 1/4 |
(5.7) |
21.2 |
(c)
Tables G-2 through G-5 must be used to determine the safe working loads of
various sizes and classifications of improved plow steel wire rope slings with
various types of terminals. For sizes, classifications and grades not included
in these tables the safe working load recommended by the manufacturer for
specific, identifiable products must be followed, however, a safety factor of
not less than five must be maintained.
TABLE G-1 MANILA ROPE
In Pounds or Tons of 2,000 Pounds
Circumference
|
Diameter
in
Inches
|
Single Leg
|
60 Degree
|
45 Degree
|
30 Degree
|
Lbs.
|
Lbs.
|
Lbs.
|
Lbs.
|
3/4 |
1/4 |
120 |
204 |
170 |
120 |
1 |
5/16 |
200 |
346 |
282 |
200 |
1 1/8 |
3/8 |
270 |
467 |
380 |
270 |
1 1/4 |
7/16 |
350 |
605 |
493 |
350 |
1 3/8 |
15/32 |
450 |
775 |
635 |
450 |
1 1/2 |
1/2 |
530 |
915 |
798 |
530 |
1 3/4 |
9/16 |
690 |
1190 |
973 |
690 |
2 |
5/8 |
880 |
1520 |
1240 |
880 |
2 1/4 |
3/4 |
1080 |
1870 |
1520 |
1080 |
2 1/2 |
13/16 |
1300 |
2250 |
1830 |
1300 |
2 3/4 |
7/8 |
1540 |
2660 |
2170 |
1540 |
3 |
1 |
1800 |
3120 |
2540 |
1800 |
Tons
|
Tons
|
Tons
|
Tons
|
Circumference
|
Diameter
in
Inches
|
Single Leg
|
60 Degree
|
45 Degree
|
30 Degree
|
Lbs.
|
Lbs.
|
Lbs.
|
Lbs.
|
3 1/4 |
1 1/16 |
1.0 |
1.7 |
1.4 |
1.0 |
3 1/2 |
1 1/8 |
1.2 |
2.1 |
1.7 |
1.2 |
3 3/4 |
1 1/4 |
1.35 |
2.3 |
1.9 |
1.35 |
4 |
1 5/16 |
1.5 |
2.6 |
2.1 |
1.5 |
4 1/2 |
1 1/2 |
1.8 |
3.1 |
2.5 |
1.8 |
5 |
1 5/8 |
2.25 |
3.9 |
3.2 |
2.25 |
5 1/2 |
1 3/4 |
2.6 |
4.5 |
3.7 |
2.6 |
6 |
2 |
3.1 |
5.4 |
4.4 |
3.1 |
6 1/2 |
2 1/8 |
3.6 |
6.2 |
5.1 |
3.6 |
TABLE G-2 RATED CAPACITIES FOR IMPROVED PLOW STEEL,
INDEPENDENT WIRE ROPE CORE, WIRE ROPE AND WIRE SLINGS (In Tons of 2,000
Pounds)
Rope Diameter Inches |
Single Leg |
Vertical |
Choker |
A |
B |
C |
A |
B |
C |
6 x 19 Classification |
1/4" |
.59 |
.56 |
.53 |
.44 |
.42 |
.40 |
3/8" |
1.3 |
1.2 |
1.1 |
.98 |
.93 |
.86 |
1/2" |
2.3 |
2.2 |
2.0 |
1.7 |
1.6 |
1.5 |
5/8" |
3.6 |
3.4 |
3.0 |
2.7 |
2.5 |
2.2 |
3/4" |
5.1 |
4.9 |
4.2 |
3.8 |
3.6 |
3.1 |
7/8" |
6.9 |
6.6 |
5.5 |
5.2 |
4.9 |
4.1 |
1" |
9.0 |
8.5 |
7.2 |
6.7 |
6.4 |
5.4 |
1 1/8" |
11 |
10 |
9.0 |
8.5 |
7.8 |
6.8 |
6 x 37 Classification |
1 1/4" |
13 |
12 |
10 |
9.9 |
9.2 |
7.9 |
1 3/8" |
16 |
15 |
13 |
12 |
11 |
9.6 |
1 1/2" |
19 |
17 |
15 |
14 |
13 |
11 |
1 3/4" |
26 |
24 |
20 |
19 |
18 |
15 |
2" |
33 |
30 |
26 |
25 |
23 |
20 |
2 1/4" |
41 |
38 |
33 |
31 |
29 |
25 |
(A) - Socket or Swaged Terminal Attachment.
|
(B) - Mechanical Sleeve Attachment. |
(C) - Hand Tucked Splice Attachment. |
TABLE G-3 RATED CAPACITIES FOR IMPROVED PLOW STEEL,
INDEPENDENT WIRE ROPE CORE, WIRE ROPE SLING (IN TONS OF 2,000
POUNDS)
Two-leg bridle or basket hitch
|
Rope
dia.
inches
|
Vertical
|
60 Degree
Click Here To View
Image
|
45 Degree
Click Here To View
Image
|
30 Degree
Click Here To View
Image
|
A
|
B
|
C
|
A
|
B
|
C
|
A
|
B
|
C
|
A
|
B
|
C
|
6 x 19 Classification
|
1/4" |
1.2 |
1.1 |
1.0 |
1.0 |
.97 |
.92 |
.83 |
.79 |
.75 |
.59 |
.56 |
.53 |
3/8" |
2.6 |
2.5 |
2.3 |
2.3 |
2.1 |
2.0 |
1.8 |
1.8 |
1.6 |
1.3 |
1.2 |
1.1 |
1/2" |
4.6 |
4.4 |
3.9 |
4.0 |
3.8 |
3.4 |
3.2 |
3.1 |
2.8 |
2.3 |
2.2 |
2.0 |
5/8" |
7.2 |
6.8 |
6.0 |
6.2 |
5.9 |
5.2 |
5.1 |
4.8 |
4.2 |
3.6 |
3.4 |
3.0 |
3/4" |
10 |
9.7 |
8.4 |
8.9 |
8.4 |
7.3 |
7.2 |
6.9 |
5.9 |
5.1 |
4.9 |
4.2 |
7/8" |
14 |
13 |
11 |
12 |
11 |
9.6 |
9.8 |
9.3 |
7.8 |
6.9 |
6.6 |
5.5 |
1" |
18 |
17 |
14 |
15 |
15 |
12 |
13 |
12 |
10 |
9.0 |
8.5 |
7.2 |
1 1/8" |
23 |
21 |
18 |
19 |
18 |
16 |
16 |
15 |
13 |
11 |
10 |
9.0 |
6 x 37 Classification
|
1 1/4" |
26 |
24 |
21 |
23 |
21 |
18 |
19 |
17 |
15 |
13 |
12 |
10 |
1 3/8" |
32 |
29 |
25 |
28 |
25 |
22 |
22 |
21 |
18 |
16 |
15 |
13 |
1 1/2" |
38 |
35 |
30 |
33 |
30 |
26 |
27 |
25 |
21 |
19 |
17 |
15 |
1 3/4" |
51 |
47 |
41 |
44 |
41 |
35 |
36 |
33 |
29 |
26 |
24 |
20 |
2" |
66 |
61 |
53 |
57 |
53 |
46 |
47 |
43 |
37 |
33 |
30 |
26 |
2 1/4" |
83 |
76 |
66 |
72 |
66 |
57 |
58 |
54 |
47 |
41 |
38 |
33 |
(A) Socket or Swaged Terminal Attachment.
|
(B) Mechanical Sleeve Attachment. |
(C) Hand Tucked Splice Attachment. |
TABLE G-4
RATED CAPACITIES FOR IMPROVED PLOW STEEL, FIBER CORE,
WIRE ROPE AND WIRE ROPE SLINGS (In Tons of 2,000 pounds)
Rope dia. Inches |
Single leg |
Vertical |
Choker |
A |
B | C |
A | B | C |
6 x 19 Classification |
1/4" |
.55 |
.51 |
.49 |
.41 |
.38 |
.37 |
3/8" |
1.2 |
1.1 |
1.1 |
.91 |
.85 |
.80 |
1/2" |
2.1 |
2.0 |
1.8 |
1.6 |
1.5 |
1.4 |
5/8" |
3.3 |
3.1 |
2.8 |
2.5 |
2.3 |
2.1 |
3/4" |
4.8 |
4.4 |
3.9 |
3.6 |
3.3 |
2.9 |
7/8" |
6.4 |
5.9 |
5.1 |
4.8 |
4.5 |
3.9 |
1" |
8.4 |
7.7 |
6.7 |
6.3 |
5.8 |
5.0 |
1 1/8" |
10 |
9.5 |
8.4 |
7.9 |
7.1 |
6.3 |
6 x 37 Classification |
1 1/4" |
12 |
11 |
9.8 |
9.2 |
8.3 |
7.4 |
1 3/8" |
15 |
13 |
12 |
11 |
10 |
8.9 |
1 1/2" |
17 |
16 |
14 |
13 |
12 |
10 |
1 3/4" |
24 |
21 |
19 |
18 |
16 |
14 |
2" |
31 |
28 |
25 |
23 |
21 |
18 |
(A) - Socket or Swaged Terminal Attachment.
|
(B) - Mechanical Sleeve Attachment. |
(C) - Hand Tucked Splice Attachment. |
TABLE G-5 RATED CAPACITIES FOR IMPROVED PLOW STEEL, FIBER
CORE, WIRE ROPE SLINGS (IN TONS OF 2,000 POUNDS)
Two-leg bridle or basket hitch
|
Rope
dia.
inches
|
Vertical
|
60 Degree
|
45 Degree
|
30 Degree
|
A
|
B
|
C
|
A
|
B
|
C
|
A
|
B
|
C
|
A
|
B
|
C
|
6 x 19 Classification
|
1/4" |
1.1 |
1.0 |
.99 |
.95 |
.88 |
.85 |
.77 |
.72 |
.70 |
.55 |
.51 |
.49 |
3/8" |
2.4 |
2.2 |
2.1 |
2.1 |
1.9 |
1.8 |
1.7 |
1.6 |
1.5 |
1.2 |
1.1 |
1.1 |
1/2" |
4.3 |
3.9 |
3.7 |
3.7 |
3.4 |
3.2 |
3.0 |
2.8 |
2.6 |
2.1 |
2.0 |
1.8 |
5/8" |
6.7 |
6.2 |
5.6 |
5.8 |
5.3 |
4.8 |
4.7 |
4.4 |
4.0 |
3.3 |
3.1 |
2.8 |
3/4" |
9.5 |
8.8 |
7.8 |
8.2 |
7.6 |
6.8 |
6.7 |
6.2 |
5.5 |
4.8 |
4.4 |
3.9 |
7/8" |
13 |
12 |
10 |
11 |
10 |
8.9 |
9.1 |
8.4 |
7.3 |
6.4 |
5.9 |
5.1 |
1" |
17 |
15 |
13 |
14 |
13 |
11 |
12 |
11 |
9.4 |
8.4 |
7.7 |
6.7 |
1 1/2" |
21 |
19 |
17 |
18 |
16 |
14 |
15 |
13 |
12 |
10 |
9.5 |
8.4 |
6 x 37 Classification
|
1 1/4" |
25 |
22 |
20 |
21 |
19 |
17 |
17 |
16 |
14 |
12 |
11 |
9.8 |
1 3/8" |
30 |
27 |
24 |
26 |
23 |
20 |
21 |
19 |
17 |
15 |
13 |
12 |
1 1/2" |
35 |
32 |
28 |
30 |
27 |
24 |
25 |
22 |
20 |
17 |
16 |
14 |
1 3/4" |
48 |
43 |
38 |
41 |
37 |
33 |
34 |
30 |
27 |
24 |
21 |
19 |
2" |
62 |
55 |
49 |
53 |
48 |
43 |
43 |
39 |
35 |
31 |
28 |
25 |
(A) Socket or Swaged Terminal Attachment.
|
(B) Mechanical Sleeve Attachment. |
(C) Hand Tucked Splice Attachment. |
TABLE G-6 ALLOY STEEL CHAIN
(In Tons of 2,000 Pounds)
Nominal Size Chain Stock Inch
|
Single Leg
|
60 Degree
|
45 Degree
|
30 Degree
|
1/4 |
1.62 |
2.82 |
2.27 |
1.62 |
3/8 |
3.30 |
5.70 |
4.65 |
3.30 |
1/2 |
5.62 |
9.75 |
7.90 |
5.62 |
5/8 |
8.25 |
14.25 |
11.65 |
8.25 |
3/4 |
11.5 |
19.9 |
16.2 |
11.5 |
7/8 |
14.3 |
24.9 |
20.3 |
14.3 |
1 |
19.3 |
33.5 |
27.3 |
19.8 |
1 1/8 |
22.2 |
38.5 |
31.5 |
22.2 |
1 1/4 |
28.7 |
49.7 |
40.5 |
28.7 |
1 3/8 |
33.5 |
58.0 |
47.0 |
33.5 |
1 1/2 |
39.7 |
68.5 |
56.0 |
39.7 |
1 5/8 |
42.5 |
73.5 |
59.5 |
42.5 |
1 3/4 |
47.0 |
81.5 |
62.0 |
47.0 |
(11) You must
meet the following requirements for hooks other than hand hooks:
(a) The manufacturer's recommendations must
be followed in determining the safe working loads of the various sizes and
types of specific and identifiable hooks. All hooks for which no applicable
manufacturer's recommendations are available must be tested to twice the
intended safe working load before they are initially put into use. You must
maintain a record of the dates and results of such tests.
(b) Loads must be applied to the throat of
the hook since loading the point may overstress, bend, or spring the
hook.
(c) Hooks must be inspected
once a month to see that they have not been bent by overloading. Bent or sprung
hooks must not be used.
(d) For
crane hooks, magnetic particle or other suitable crack detecting inspection
must be performed at least once each year. When testing by X ray, the pertinent
provisions of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission's standards for protection
against radiation, relating to protection against occupational radiation
exposure, must apply.
(e) Any
activity which involves the use of radioactive materials or X rays, whether or
not under license from the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, must be performed by
competent persons specially trained in the proper and safe operation of such
equipment. In the case of materials used under commission license, only persons
actually licensed, or competent persons under direction and supervision of the
licensee, must perform such work.
(f) Teeth of case hooks must not be split,
cracked, or deformed.
(g) Jaws of
patent clamp type plate hooks must be kept in safe condition so that they will
grip plates securely.
(12) You must meet the following requirements
for pallets:
(a) Pallets must be made and
maintained to safely support and carry loads being handled. Fastenings of
reusable pallets used for hoisting must be bolts and nuts, drive screws
(helically threaded nails), annular threaded nails or fastenings of equivalent
holding strength.
(b) Damaged
pallets must be stored in designated areas and identified.
(c) Reusable wing or lip-type pallets must be
hoisted by bar bridles or other suitable gear and must have an overhanging wing
or lip of at least three inches (7.62 cm). They must not be hoisted by wire
slings alone.
(d) Loaded pallets
that do not meet the requirements of this subsection (12)(d) must be hoisted
only after being placed on pallets meeting such requirements or must be handled
by other means providing equivalent protection.
(e) Bridles for handling flush end or
box-type pallets must be designed to prevent disengagement from the pallet
under load.
(f) Pallets must be
stacked or placed to prevent falling, collapsing or otherwise causing a hazard
under standard operating conditions.
(g) Disposable pallets intended only for one
use must not be reused for hoisting.
Statutory Authority:
RCW
49.17.010, [49.17].040, and[49.17].050 .
00-21-103, § 296-56-60073, filed 10/18/00, effective 2/1/01. Statutory
Authority:
RCW
49.17.040. 99-02-024, § 296-56-60073,
filed 12/30/98, effective 3/30/99. Statutory Authority: Chapter 49.17 RCW.
95-04-007, § 296-56-60073, filed 1/18/95, effective 3/1/95. Statutory
Authority: Chapter 49.17 RCW and
RCW
49.17.040, [49.17].050 and [49.17].060.
92-22-067 (Order 92-06), § 296-56-60073, filed 10/30/92, effective
12/8/92. Statutory Authority: Chapter 49.17 RCW. 91-11-070 (Order 91-01),
§ 296-56-60073, filed 5/20/91, effective 6/20/91. Statutory Authority:
RCW
49.17.040 and
49.17.050. 86-03-064 (Order
86-02), § 296-56-60073, filed 1/17/86; 85-10-004 (Order 85-09), §
296-56-60073, filed 4/19/85; 85-01-022 (Order 84-24), § 296-56-60073,
filed 12/11/84.