Current through Register Vol. 24-06, March 15, 2024
(1) Fixed-roof gasoline storage tanks.
(a) All fixed-roof gasoline storage tanks
having a nominal capacity greater than forty thousand gallons shall comply with
one of the following:
(i) Meet the equipment
specifications and maintenance requirements of the federal standards of
performance for new stationary sources - Storage Vessels for Petroleum Liquids
( 40 C.F.R. 60, subparts K, KA and KB).
(ii) Be retrofitted with a floating roof or
internal floating cover using a metallic seal or a nonmetallic resilient seal
at least meeting the equipment specifications of the federal standards referred
to in (a)(i) of this subsection or its equivalent.
(iii) Be fitted with a floating roof or
internal floating cover meeting the manufacturer's equipment specifications in
effect when it was installed.
(b) All seals used in (a)(ii) and (iii) of
this subsection are to be maintained in good operating condition and the seal
fabric shall contain no visible holes, tears, or other openings.
(c) All openings not related to safety are to
be sealed with suitable closures.
(d) Tanks used for the storage of gasoline in
bulk gasoline plants and equipped with vapor balance systems as required in
subsection (3)(b) of this section shall be exempt from the requirements of
subsection (1) of this section.
(2) Gasoline loading terminals.
(a) This chapter shall apply to all gasoline
loading terminals with an average annual gasoline throughput greater than 7.2
million gallons.
(b) Loading
facilities. Facilities for the purpose of loading gasoline into any transport
tank shall be equipped with a vapor control system (VCS) as described in (c) of
this subsection and comply with the following conditions:
(i) The loading facility shall employ
submerged or bottom loading for all transport tanks.
(ii) The VCS shall be connected during the
entire loading of all transport tanks.
(iii) The loading of all transport tanks
shall be performed such that the transfer is at all times vapor tight.
Emissions from pressure relief valves shall not be included in the controlled
emissions when the back pressure in the VRS collection lines is lower than the
relief pressure setting of the transport tank's relief valves.
(iv) All loading lines and vapor lines shall
be equipped to close automatically when disconnected. The point of closure
shall be on the tank side of any hose or intermediate connecting
line.
(c) Vapor control
system (VCS). The VCS shall be designed and built according to accepted
industrial practices and meet the following conditions:
(i) The VCS shall not allow organic vapors
emitted to the ambient air to exceed thirty-five milligrams per liter (three
hundred twenty-two milligrams per gallon) of gasoline loaded.
(ii) The VCS shall be equipped with a device
to monitor the system while the VCS is in operation.
(iii) The back pressure in the VCS collection
lines shall not exceed the transport tank's pressure relief settings.
(3) Bulk gasoline
plants.
(a) This section shall apply to all
bulk gasoline plants with an average annual gasoline throughput greater than
7.2 million gallons.
(b) Deliveries
to bulk gasoline plant storage tanks.
(i) The
owner or operator of a bulk gasoline plant shall not permit the loading of
gasoline into a storage tank equipped with vapor balance fittings unless the
vapor balance system is attached to the transport tank and operated properly.
The vapor balance system shall prevent at least ninety percent of the displaced
gasoline vapors from entering the ambient air. A vapor balance system that is
designed, built, and operated according to accepted industrial practices will
satisfy this requirement.
(ii)
Storage tank requirements. All storage tanks with a nominal capacity greater
than five hundred fifty gallons and used for the storage of gasoline shall
comply with the following conditions:
(A)
Each storage tank shall be equipped with a submerged fill line.
(B) Each storage tank shall be equipped for
vapor balancing of gasoline vapors with transport tanks during gasoline
transfer operations.
(C) The vapor
line fittings on the storage tank side of break points with the transport tank
vapor connection pipe or hose shall be equipped to close automatically when
disconnected.
(D) The pressure
relief valves on storage tanks shall be set at the highest possible pressure
consistent with local and state codes for fire and safety but in no case
greater than ninety percent of the tank's safe working pressure.
(iii) Transport tank requirements.
All transport tanks transferring gasoline to storage tanks in a bulk gasoline
plant shall comply with the following conditions:
(A) The transport tank shall be equipped with
the proper attachment fittings to make vapor tight connections for vapor
balancing with storage tanks.
(B)
The vapor line fittings on the transport tank side of break points with the
storage tank connection pipe or hose shall be equipped to close automatically
when disconnected.
(C) The pressure
relief valves on transport tanks shall be set at the highest possible pressure
consistent with local and state codes for fire and safety.
(c) Gasoline transfer operations.
(i) No owner or operator of a bulk gasoline
plant or transport tank shall allow the transfer of gasoline between a
stationary storage tank and a transport tank except when the following
conditions exist:
(A) The transport tanks are
being submerged filled or bottom loaded.
(B) The loading of all transport tanks,
except those exempted under (c)(ii) of this subsection are being performed
using a vapor balance system.
(C)
The transport tanks are equipped to balance vapors and maintained in a leak
tight condition in accordance with subsection (6) of this section.
(D) The vapor return lines are connected
between the transport tank and the stationary storage tank and the vapor
balance system is operated properly.
(ii) Transport tanks used for gasoline and
meeting the following conditions shall be exempt from the requirement to be
equipped with any attachment fitting for vapor balance lines if:
(A) The transport tank is used exclusively
for the delivery of gasoline into storage tanks of a facility exempt from the
vapor balance requirements of subsection (4) of this section; and the transport
tank has a total nominal capacity less than four thousand gallons and is
constructed so that it would require the installation of four or more separate
vapor balance fittings; or
(B) In
eastern Washington counties, a transport tank with a total nominal capacity
less than four thousand gallons shall be exempt from the requirement to be
fitted with any attachment fitting for vapor balance lines if the transport
tank was in use prior to July 1, 1993. Replacement transport tanks or new
equipment put into use July 1, 1993, or later are exempt from vapor balance
requirements only as specified in (c)(ii)(A) of this subsection.
(4) Gasoline
dispensing facilities (Stage I).
(a) This
section shall apply to the delivery of gasoline to gasoline dispensing
facilities located in ozone nonattainment areas with an annual gasoline
throughput greater than two hundred thousand gallons and total storage capacity
greater than ten thousand gallons, and to gasoline dispensing facilities
located in ozone attainment areas with an annual gasoline throughput greater
than three hundred sixty thousand gallons and all new gasoline dispensing
facilities with a total gasoline nominal storage capacity greater than ten
thousand gallons.
(b) All gasoline
storage tanks of the facilities defined in (a) of this subsection shall be
equipped with submerged or bottom fill lines and fittings to vapor balance
gasoline vapors with the delivery transport tank.
(c) Gasoline storage tanks with offset fill
lines shall be exempt from the requirement of (b) of this subsection if
installed prior to January 1, 1979.
(d) The owner or operator of a gasoline
dispensing facility shall not permit the loading of gasoline into a storage
tank equipped with vapor balance fittings from a transport tank equipped with
vapor balance fittings unless the vapor balance system is attached to the
transport tank and operated satisfactorily.
(5) Gasoline dispensing facilities (Stage
II). Determinations and requirements. Ecology determines that
Stage II vapor recovery systems at gasoline dispensing facilities in Cowlitz
and Thurston counties are important to achieving or maintaining the NAAQS for
Ozone in Clark and Pierce counties, respectively.
(a) Gasoline dispensing facilities are
required to have certified Stage II vapor recovery systems under the following
conditions:
(i) By December 31, 1998, all
facilities located in an ozone nonattainment or maintenance plan county
dispensing greater than six hundred thousand gallons of gasoline annually,
except in Kitsap County, all facilities dispensing greater than eight hundred
forty thousand gallons annually; and
(ii) All facilities that dispense in excess
of one million two hundred thousand gallons of gasoline annually and are
located in Thurston or Cowlitz counties. This requirement will end on December
31, 2002, unless ecology determines that Stage II is important to achieving or
maintaining the NAAQS for Ozone in a nonattainment or maintenance plan
county.
(b) Upon
approval of a notice of construction under subsection (4)(e) [(5)(e)] of this
section, Stage II is not required and may be removed from any gasoline
dispensing facilities located in Whatcom, Skagit, Island, Lewis, and Wahkiakum
counties, and from any gasoline dispensing facility located in Thurston and
Cowlitz counties dispensing less than one million two hundred thousand gallons
annually.
(c) In addition to
subsection (5)(a) of this section, all new and modified gasoline dispensing
facilities with an annual gasoline throughput of 1.5 million gallons and above
are required to have Stage II gasoline vapor recovery systems if a lot with a
permanent residence is within the distance and throughput specifications of
Table 1 of this subsection, and as explained in (c)(i) and (ii) of this
subsection.
Table 1
|
Gasoline Throughput
(millions of gallons)
|
Allowable
Distance to the
Property Line
(meters)
|
1.5
|
20
|
2.0
|
25
|
4.0
|
38
|
6.0
|
49
|
8.0
|
58
|
10.0
|
66
|
(i) When the
throughput is not shown in the chart, interpolate to get the distance for that
throughput.
(ii) The allowable
distance shall be measured from the centroid of the pumps to the nearest point
on the property line of the nearest lot on which a permanent residence is
located. However, if the permanent residence is located at least twice the
allowable distance from the centroid of the pumps, the requirements of (c) of
this subsection shall not apply.
(d)
(i)
Beginning on July 1, 2001, and each year thereafter, the department of ecology
shall publish the canister capture rate.
(ii) When the canister capture rate reaches
fifteen percent and there are no major exceptions, waivers, or other
adjustments to the EPA onboard canister regulations or program implementation,
the department of ecology shall revise (c) of this subsection to incorporate
the effect of canisters.
(e) The owner or operator of new or modified
gasoline dispensing facilities subject to any of the requirements of (a), (b)
or (c) of this subsection shall file a notice of construction and obtain the
approval of the local air authority prior to commencing construction or
modification.
(f) The owner or
operator of any gasoline dispensing facility may elect to submit a
site-specific analysis of the requirement for a Stage II vapor recovery system
under (c) of this subsection and request the department of ecology to evaluate
it subject to the fees described in (l) of this subsection. The department of
ecology will complete a second tier analysis described under WAC
173-460-090 within forty-five
days of determining that the analysis submitted is complete and no additional
information is needed. The requirements for gasoline vapor control shall be
determined as a result of that process.
(g) Fees. The fee for new source review of a
gasoline dispensing facility under this section shall be the same as the fee
under WAC
173-400-116(2)(d)(ii)
except, if a site-specific review is elected
under (f) of this subsection, the fee shall be the same as the fee under WAC
173-400-116(3)(c)
for a tier two analysis.
(h) This section shall apply to the refueling
of motor vehicles from stationary tanks at gasoline dispensing facilities
located in Washington.
(i) All
gasoline dispensing facilities subject to this section shall be equipped with a
certified Stage II vapor recovery system.
(j) The owner or operator of a gasoline
dispensing facility subject to this section shall not transfer or allow the
transfer of gasoline from stationary tanks into motor vehicle fuel tanks unless
a certified Stage II vapor recovery system is used.
(k) All Stage II vapor recovery equipment
shall be installed in accordance with the system's certification requirements
and shall be maintained to be leak free, vapor tight, and in good working
order.
(l) Whenever a Stage II
vapor recovery system component is determined to be defective, the owner or
operator shall take the system out of service until it has been repaired,
replaced, or adjusted, as necessary.
(m) The owner or operator of each gasoline
dispensing facility utilizing a Stage II system shall conspicuously post
operating instructions for the system in the gasoline dispensing area. The
instructions shall clearly describe how to fuel vehicles correctly using the
vapor recovery nozzles and include a warning against topping off. Additionally,
the instructions shall include a prominent display of ecology's toll free
telephone number for complaints regarding the operation and condition of the
vapor recovery nozzles.
(6) Equipment or systems failures.
(a) Specific applicability. This section
shall apply to all gasoline transport tanks equipped for gasoline vapor
collection and all vapor collection systems at gasoline loading terminals, bulk
gasoline plants, and gasoline dispensing facilities as described in subsections
(2) through (5) of this section.
During the months of May, June, July, August, and September any
failure of a vapor collection system at a bulk gasoline plant or gasoline
loading terminal to comply with this section requires the discontinuation of
gasoline transfer operations for the failed part of the system. Other transfer
points that can continue to operate in compliance may be used. The loading or
unloading of the transport tank connected to the failed part of the vapor
collection system may be completed during the other months of the year.
(b) Provisions for specific
processes.
(i) The owner or operator of a
gasoline loading terminal or bulk gasoline plant shall only allow the transfer
of gasoline between the facility and a transport tank if a current leak test
certification for the transport tank is on file with the facility or a valid
inspection sticker is displayed on the vehicle. Certification is required
annually.
(ii) The owner or
operator of a transport tank shall not make any connection to the tank for the
purpose of loading or unloading gasoline, except in the case of an emergency,
unless the gasoline transport tank has successfully completed the annual
certification testing requirements in (c) of this subsection, and such
certification is confirmed either by:
(A)
Have on file with each gasoline loading or unloading facility at which gasoline
is transferred a current leak test certification for the transport tank;
or
(B) Display a sticker near the
department of transportation certification plate required by 49 C.F.R.
178.340-10 b which:
(I) Shows the date that
the gasoline tank truck last passed the test required in (c) of this
subsection;
(II) Shows the
identification number of the gasoline tank truck tank; and
(III) Expires not more than one year from the
date of the leak tight test.
(iii) The owner or operator of a vapor
collection system shall:
(A) Operate the vapor
collection system and the gasoline loading equipment during all loadings and
unloadings of transport tanks equipped for emission control such that:
(I) The tank pressure will not exceed a
pressure of eighteen inches of water or a vacuum of six inches of
water;
(II) The concentration of
gasoline vapors is below the lower explosive limit (LEL, measured as propane)
at all points a distance of one inch from potential leak sources; and
(III) There are no visible liquid leaks
except for a liquid leak of less than four drops per minute at the product
loading connection during delivery.
(IV) Upon disconnecting transfer fittings,
liquid leaks do not exceed ten milliliters (0.34 fluid ounces) per disconnect
averaged over three disconnects.
(B) Repair and retest a vapor collection
system that exceeds the limits of (b)(iii)(A) of this subsection within fifteen
days.
(iv) The
department or local air authority may, at any time, monitor a gasoline
transport tank and vapor collection system during loading or unloading
operations by the procedure in (c) of this subsection to confirm continuing
compliance with this section.
(c) Testing and monitoring.
(i) The owner or operator of a gasoline
transport tank or vapor collection system shall, at his own expense,
demonstrate compliance with (a) and (b) of this subsection, respectively. All
tests shall be made by, or under the direction of, a person qualified to
perform the tests and approved by the department.
(ii) Testing to determine compliance with
this section shall use procedures approved by the department.
(iii) Monitoring to confirm continuing leak
tight conditions shall use procedures approved by the department.
(d) Recordkeeping.
(i) The owner or operator of a gasoline
transport tank or vapor collection system shall maintain records of all
certification tests and repairs for at least two years after the test or repair
is completed.
(ii) The records of
certification tests required by this section shall, as a minimum, contain:
(A) The transport tank identification
number;
(B) The initial test
pressure and the time of the reading;
(C) The final test pressure and the time of
the reading;
(D) The initial test
vacuum and the time of the reading;
(E) The final test vacuum and the time of the
reading;
(F) At the top of each
report page the company name, date, and location of the tests on that page;
and
(G) Name and title of the
person conducting the test.
(iii) The owner or operator of a gasoline
transport tank shall annually certify that the transport tank passed the
required tests.
(iv) Copies of all
records required under this section shall immediately be made available to the
department, upon written request, at any reasonable time.
(e) Preventing evaporation. All persons shall
take reasonable measures to prevent the spilling, discarding in sewers, storing
in open containers, or handling of gasoline in a manner that will result in
evaporation to the ambient air.
Statutory Authority:
RCW
70.94.165. 98-01-184 (Order 97-07), §
173-491-040, filed 12/23/97, effective 1/23/98. Statutory Authority: 1996 c
294. 97-04-012 (Order 95-15), § 173-491-040, filed 1/27/97, effective
2/27/97. Statutory Authority:
RCW
70.94.331. 93-13-011 (Order 92-47), §
173-491-040, filed 6/7/93, effective 7/8/93; 91-14-101 (Order 90-63), §
173-491-040, filed 7/2/91, effective
8/2/91.