Virginia Administrative Code
Title 9 - ENVIRONMENT
Agency 5 - STATE AIR POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD
Chapter 40 - EXISTING STATIONARY SOURCES
Part II - Emission Standards
Article 53 - Emission Standards for Lithographic Printing Processes (Rule 4-53)
Section 9VAC5-40-7810 - Definitions
Current through Register Vol. 41, No. 3, September 23, 2024
A. For the purpose of these regulations and subsequent amendments or any orders issued by the board, the words or terms shall have the meanings given them in subsection C of this section.
B. As used in this article, all terms not defined here shall have the meanings given them in 9VAC5 Chapter 10 (9VAC5-10-10 et seq.), unless otherwise required by context.
C. Terms defined.
"Alcohol" means any of the following compounds when used as a fountain solution additive: ethanol, n-propanol, and isopropanol.
"Alcohol substitute" means any nonalcohol additive that contains volatile organic compounds and is used in the fountain solution.
"Batch" means a supply of fountain solution that is prepared and used without alteration until completely used or removed from the printing process.
"Cleaning solution" means any blanket or roller wash used to remove ink and debris from the operating surface of a printing press.
"Composite partial vapor pressure" means the sum of the partial pressures of the compounds defined as volatile organic compounds. Composite partial vapor pressure is calculated as follows:
where:
Wi = Weight of the "i"th VOC compound, in grams.
Ww = Weight of water, in grams.
We = Weight of exempt compound, in grams.
MWi = Molecular weight of the "i"th VOC compound, in g/g-mole
MWw = Molecular weight of water, in g/g-mole
MWe = Molecular weight of exempt compound, in g/g-mole
PPc = VOC composite partial pressure at 20°C, in mm Hg.
VPi = Vapor pressure of the "i"th VOC compound at 20°C, in mm Hg.
"Fountain solution" means any mixture of water, volatile and nonvolatile chemicals, and additives applied to a lithographic plate to repel ink from the non-image area on the plate.
"Heatset" means a lithographic printing process in which heat from a dryer is used to evaporate ink oils from the substrate.
"Lithographic printing" means a planographic printing process in which the image and nonimage areas are chemically differentiated with the image area being oil-receptive and the nonimage area being water-receptive.
"Non-heatset" means a lithographic printing process in which the printing inks are set and dried by absorption or oxidation rather than heat. For the purposes of this article, UV-cured and electron beam-cured inks are considered non-heatset.
"Press" means a printing production assembly composed of one or more units to produce a printed substrate (sheet or web).
"Printing" means a photomechanical process in which a transfer of text, designs, and images occurs through contact of an image carrier with a substrate.
"Printing process" means any operation or system wherein printing ink or a combination of printing ink and surface coating is applied, dried or cured and which is subject to the same emission standard. May include any equipment which applies, conveys, dries or cures inks or surface coatings, including, but not limited to, flow coaters, flashoff areas, air dryers, drying areas and ovens. It is not necessary for a printing process to have an oven, flashoff area or drying area to be included in this definition.
"Sheet-fed" means a lithographic printing process in which individual sheets of substrate are fed into the press sequentially.
"Unit" means the smallest complete printing component, composed of an inking and dampening system, of a printing press.
"Web" means a continuous roll of printing substrate.
Statutory Authority
§ 10.1-1308 of the Code of Virginia.
