Virginia Administrative Code
Title 9 - ENVIRONMENT
Agency 5 - STATE AIR POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD
Chapter 40 - EXISTING STATIONARY SOURCES
Part II - Emission Standards
Article 46 - Emission Standards for Small Municipal Waste Combustors (Rule 4-46)
Section 9VAC5-40-6740 - Test methods and procedures

Universal Citation: 9 VA Admin Code 9VAC5-40-6740

Current through Register Vol. 41, No. 3, September 23, 2024

A. The provisions governing test methods and procedures shall be as follows:

1. With regard to the emissions standards in 9VAC5-40-6670 A, 9VAC5-40-6680, and 9VAC5-40-6690, the provisions of 9VAC5-40-30 (Emission testing) apply.

2. With regard to the emission limits in 9VAC5-40-6570 through 9VAC5-40-6660 and 9VAC5-40-6670 B, the following provisions apply:
a.9VAC5-40-30 D and G;

b. 40 CFR 60.8(b) through (f) with the exception of paragraph (a); and

c. Subsections B through F of this section.

B. Class I units shall submit dioxin/furan emission test results for at least one test conducted during or after 1990. The emission tests shall have been conducted according to the procedures specified under subsection D of this section.

C. Emission testing shall be conducted on the following schedule.

1. Initial emission tests for the pollutants listed in 9VAC5-40-6730 C shall be conducted no later than 180 days after the final compliance date specified in 9VAC5-40-6710 A.

2. Annual emission tests for the pollutants listed in 9VAC5-40-6730 C shall be conducted no later than 13 months after the initial emission test and no later than 13 months after the previous emission test thereafter.

D. Emission testing shall be conducted as follows.

1. Specific testing requirements are as follows.
a. For dioxins/furans: Reference Method 1 shall be used to determine the sampling location. Reference Method 23 shall be used to measure the pollutant concentration; oxygen (or carbon dioxide) shall be measured simultaneously using Reference Method 3A or 3B. The minimum sampling time shall be four hours per test run while the municipal waste combustion unit is operating at full load.

b. For cadmium: Reference Method 1 shall be used to determine the sampling location. Reference Method 29 shall be used to measure the pollutant concentration; oxygen (or carbon dioxide) shall be measured simultaneously using Reference Method 3A or 3B. Compliance testing shall be performed while the municipal waste combustion unit is operating at full load.

c. For lead: Reference Method 1 shall be used to determine the sampling location. Reference Method 29 shall be used to measure the pollutant concentration; oxygen (or carbon dioxide) shall be measured simultaneously using Reference Method 3A or 3B. Compliance testing shall be performed while the municipal waste combustion unit is operating at full load.

d. For mercury: Reference Method 1 shall be used to determine the sampling location. Reference Method 29 shall be used to measure the pollutant concentration; oxygen (or carbon dioxide) shall be measured simultaneously using Reference Method 3A or 3B. Compliance testing shall be performed while the municipal waste combustion unit is operating at full load.

e. For opacity: Reference Method 9 shall be used to determine the sampling location, and Reference Method 9 shall be used to measure the pollutant concentration. Reference Method 9 shall be used to determine compliance with the opacity limits, using a three-hour observation period (30 six-minute averages).

f. For particulate matter: Reference Method 1 shall be used to determine the sampling location, and Reference Method 5 or 29 shall be used to measure the pollutant concentration. The minimum sample probe volume shall be 1.0 cubic meters. The probe and filter holder heating systems in the sampling train shall be set to provide a gas temperature no greater than 160 ± 14°C. The minimum sampling time is one hour.

g. For hydrogen chloride: Reference Method 1 shall be used to determine the sampling location. Reference Method 26 or 26A shall be used to measure the pollutant concentration; oxygen (or carbon dioxide) shall be measured simultaneously using Reference Method 3A or 3B. Test runs shall be at least one hour long while the municipal waste combustion unit is operating at full load.

h. For fugitive ash: No sampling location applies. Reference Method 22 (visible emissions) shall be used to measure the pollutant concentration. The three one-hour observation periods shall include periods when the facility transfers fugitive ash from the municipal waste combustion unit to the area where the fugitive ash is stored or loaded onto containers or trucks.

i. For sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide, and carbon monoxide, continuous emission monitoring systems shall be used. Emission tests are not required except for quality assurance requirements in appendix F of 40 CFR Part 60.

2. Emission tests for all pollutants shall consist of at least three test runs as specified in 40 CFR 60.8. The average of the pollutant emission concentrations from the three test runs shall be used to determine compliance with the applicable emission limits.

3. Oxygen (or carbon dioxide) measurements shall be obtained at the same time as the pollutant measurements to determine diluent gas levels, as specified in 9VAC5-40-6750 B.

4. The percent reduction in potential hydrogen chloride emission shall be calculated using the following equation:

%PHCI = (Ei - Eo) * (100/Ei)

where:

%PHCI = percent reduction of the potential hydrogen chloride emissions

Ei = hydrogen chloride emission concentration as measured at the air pollution control device inlet, corrected to 7.0% oxygen, dry basis

Eo = hydrogen chloride emission concentration as measured at the air pollution control device outlet, corrected to 7.0% oxygen, dry basis

5. The reduction efficiency for mercury emissions shall be calculated using the following equation:

Hg = (Ei - Eo)*(100/Ei)

where:

Hg = percent reduction of potential mercury emissions

Ei = mercury emission concentration as measured at the air pollution control device inlet, corrected to 7.0% oxygen, dry basis

Eo = mercury emission concentration as measured at the air pollution control device outlet, corrected to 7.0% oxygen, dry basis

6. The owner may apply to the board for approval under 40 CFR 60.8(b) to use a reference method with minor changes in methodology, use an equivalent method, use an alternative method the results of which the board has determined are adequate for demonstrating compliance, waive the requirement for an emission test because the owner has demonstrated compliance by other means, or use a shorter sampling time or smaller sampling volume.

E. Alternative emission testing schedules may be established as follows.

1. A Class II unit that has conducted emission tests for dioxins/furans, cadmium, lead, mercury, particulate matter, opacity, hydrogen chloride, and fugitive ash over three consecutive years, and has demonstrated compliance with the emission limits is not required to conduct an emission test for that pollutant for the next two years. An emission test shall be conducted within 36 months of the anniversary date of the third consecutive emission test that shows compliance with the emission limit. Thereafter, emission tests shall be performed every third year but no later than 36 months following the previous emission tests. If an emission test shows noncompliance with an emission limit, annual emission tests for that pollutant shall be conducted until all emission tests over three consecutive years show compliance with the emission limit for that pollutant.

2. An alternative test schedule for dioxins/furans emissions may be established if the following criteria are met:
(i) the affected facility contains multiple municipal waste combustion units onsite that are subject to this article; and

(ii) those municipal waste combustion units have demonstrated levels of dioxins/furans emissions less than or equal to 15 nanograms per dry standard cubic meter (total mass) for Class I units, or 30 nanograms per dry standard cubic meter (total mass) for Class II units, for two consecutive years. If these criteria are met, annual emission tests shall be conducted on only one municipal waste combustion unit per year. emission tests conducted under the provisions of this subdivision shall be conducted as follows.
a. The annual emission test shall be conducted no more than 13 months following an emission test on any municipal waste combustion unit subject to this article. Each year a different municipal waste combustion unit subject to this article shall be tested. All municipal waste combustion units subject to this article shall be tested in a sequence determined by the owner. Once a testing sequence has been determined it shall not be changed without approval of the board.

b. If each annual emission test shows levels of dioxins/furans emissions less than or equal to 15 nanograms per dry standard cubic meter (total mass) for Class I units, or 30 nanograms per dry standard cubic meter (total mass) for Class II units, emission tests may be conducted on only one municipal waste combustion unit subject to this article per year.

c. If any annual emission test indicates levels of dioxins/furans emissions greater than 15 nanograms per dry standard cubic meter (total mass) for Class I units, or 30 nanograms per dry standard cubic meter (total mass) for Class II units, subsequent annual emission tests shall be conducted on all municipal waste combustion units subject to this article. The owner may return to testing one municipal waste combustion unit subject to this article per year if it can demonstrate dioxins/furans emissions levels less than or equal to 15 nanograms per dry standard cubic meter (total mass) for Class I units, or 30 nanograms per dry standard cubic meter (total mass) for Class II units, for all municipal waste combustion units at a stationary source subject to this article for two consecutive years.

F. No owner of an affected facility shall deviate from the 13-month testing schedules specified in 9VAC5-40-6740 C and 9VAC5-40-6740 E 2 a without applying to the board for an alternative schedule, and the board approves the request for alternate scheduling prior to the date on which the owner would otherwise have been required to conduct the next emission test.

Statutory Authority

§ 10.1-1308 of the Code of Virginia.

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